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Social Impact Assessment Study of Teesta IV Project

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Social Impact Assessment Study of Teesta IV Project SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY: Proposed Land Acquisition for Ministry of Defence in North Sikkim FINAL REPORT Centre for Excellence in Management of Land Acquisition, Resettlement & Rehabilitation (CMLARR) Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), Hyderabad Social Impact Assessment Study-Proposed Land Acquisition for CMLARR Ministry of Defence 2019-20 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY: Proposed Land Acquisition for Ministry of Defence in North Sikkim July, 2020 Centre for Excellence in Management of Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Rehabilitation (CMLARR) Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), Hyderabad. Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad Page 2 Social Impact Assessment Study-Proposed Land Acquisition for CMLARR Ministry of Defence 2019-20 PREFACE Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), Hyderabad wishes to express our deepest appreciation to Department of Economics, Statistics, Monitoring & Evaluation (DESME) for commissioning Centre for Excellence in Management of Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement (CMLARR), Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), Hyderabad to conduct the Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Study for the proposed land acquisition for Ministry of Defence in North Sikkim district of Sikkim State. We are grateful to the District Collector, North Sikkim and all the stakeholders including affected families, local panchayats/Dzumsa of Lachung & Lachen, members of Land Committee and dealing officials from the Ministry of Defence/Army for their valuable time and support. The Study area covering Lachung, Lachen and Chungthang revenue blocks of North Sikkim district is situated in the international border and is of strategic interest for the Ministry of Defence. The notified ands have been under the possession for a long time for national defence requirements. The Study team recognizes that about 40 percent of the lands presently notified for the SIA have been under the possession of the army for more than two decades without disbursement of compensation/hiring charges. The SIA Study was conducted amidst growing impatience among the landowners for the delay in receiving compensation. Foremost among the demand of the landowners in all the affected areas was the early submission of the Study Report. The Study team duly acknowledging the sentiments of the landowners and recognising their hardships committed to the task with utmost sincerity and commitment. The Draft Report of the Study was submitted in the first week of February, 2020 within two months of the publication of notification in December, 2019. The Public Hearings were conducted on 3rd March, 2020 in Lachen and Lachung and a Special Meeting was also organized for the few affected landowners in Chungthang. The Sarpanch of Chungthang however conveyed that another Public Hearing should be conducted in Chungthang. The Study team agreed with the suggestion and also provided a 15 days time to all the landowners/stakeholders to share their concerns if any in the draft Report. However, owing to the Covid-2019 pandemic imposed restrictions, the Study team received no decision on the additional public hearing at Chungthang. The Study team submitted the Modified Report (Final) to DESME on 31st March, 2020, duly incorporating all the issues raised in the pubic hearings and sharing that the team shall abide by the decision of the district administration regarding the public hearing in Chungthang. Owing to the closure of public offices, the Study team received no decision regarding the further course of action. Finally, following a letter from DESME (dated 22nd June, 2020) directing submission of Final Report duly addressing concerns of the Sarpanch, Chungthang. Further follow up by the district administration/Study team, a letter was received from the Sarpanch, Chungthang on 3rd July, 2020 regarding issues to be incorporated in the Final Report. The Study team shared the Modified Report to the Sarpanch and upon receipt of the email expressing his satisfaction regarding incorporation of issues raised, the Final Report is hereby submitted to DESME. We extend our very special thanks to the SDM, Chungthang and his entire staff for their deep commitment and outstanding support at all stages of the study. ASCI Study Team Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad Page 3 Social Impact Assessment Study-Proposed Land Acquisition for CMLARR Ministry of Defence 2019-20 CONTENTS Chapter-I: Executive Summary 8-12 • Project and Public Purpose 8 • Study Methodology 8 • Project Location and Description 8 • Assessment of Alternatives 9 • Direct Imacetd 9 • Use of Land-Past and Present 9 • Impact on Livelihood/Loss of Access owing to Acquisition of Land 10 • Socio -Cultural and Religious Practices 10 • Other Impacts 10 • Mitigation Measures Chapter-II: Project Description 13-22 •Project Background 13 •Rationale for Project- Public Purpose Criteria in RFCTLARR Act, 2013 14 •Examination of Alternatives 15 •Details of Land Requisition Body 15 •Applicable Legislations and Policies 15 Chapter-III: Study Methodology 23-28 •Study Objectives 23 •Study Methodology and Nature of Data Collected 23 •Team Composition 25 •Li mitations and Challenges in Survey/ Study 27 Chapter-IV: Socio-economic Profile of Study Area 29-56 • General Profile of the State, Study Area and Historical Background 29 • Profile of Affected Households-Observations from Primary Survey 43 • Stakeholder Consultations and Key Issues raised by Community 52 Chapter-V: Social Impacts and Inventory Loss 57-67 • Social Impacts 57 • Project Land Requirement 58 • Extent of Land Acquisition 59 • Past Use of Land 59 • Estimation of Impacts and Affected Families 63 Chapter-VI: Social Impact Management Plan 68-84 Introduction• 68 Strengthening• Military-Local Community Engagement 68 Proposed• Entitlements foAffected Population 73 Proposed• Measures for Other Impacts 74 Recommendations• as Good Will Measures 75 Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad Page 4 Social Impact Assessment Study-Proposed Land Acquisition for CMLARR Ministry of Defence 2019-20 Other• Recommendations 76 Proposed• Entitlement Matrix 78 Institutional• Arrangements for Implementation of SIMP 79 Grievance• Redressal Mechanism (GRM) 80 Monitoring• and Evaluation 81 Implementation• Schedule 83 Budget• Estimate 84 Chapter-VII: Public Hearing on Draft SIA Report 85-89 Lachen Dzhumsa- Issues Raised and Action Taken 85 Lachung Dzhumsa- Issues Raised and Action Taken 85 Special Meeting at Chungthang- Issues Raised and Action Taken 88 Chapter VIII: Conclusions and Recommendations 90-92 The RFCTLARR Act, 2013 and Critical Requirements for Land Acquisition 90 Study Observations on Key Questions Justifying Land Acquisition 91 Nature of Social Impacts 91 Mitigation Measures & Overall Recommendation for Acquisition 92 List of Tables 3.1 Secondary Data-Description, & Data Sources used in SIA 24 3.2 Team Composition for SIA Study 26 3.3 Details of Landowner Families 27 4.1 Demographic Profile and Workforce Composition in Study Area 33 4.2 Broad Aspects of Agro-Climatic Conditions in North District 35 4.3 Use of Land in Project Affected Villages 37 4.4 Poverty Level in Sikkim, North District & Project Affected Area 38 4.5 Educational & Health Infrastructure in North Sikkim & Study Area 43 4.6 Gender and Age distribution of Affected Population 44 4.7 Housing Condition and Sanitation Facilities among Affected Households 44 4.8 Source of Household Income 46 4.9 Annual Income of Affected Households 46 4.10 Household Assets owned by Affected Households 46 4.11 Status of Migration among Affected Households 47 4.12 Indebtedness among Affected Households 47 4.13 Access of Local School Facilities by Affected Households 48 4.14 Perception of Households regarding Health Facilities in the Area 49 4.15 Summary of Consultation Meetings with Women 52 5.1 Period of Proposed Lands under Possession of Army 58 5.2 Extent of Land Acquisition 59 5.3 Past Use of Hired/Encroached Land 60 5.4 Present Use of Land in Affected Area 62 5.5 Land and Ownership Details of Directly Affected Families 64 6.1 Land Compensation Estimate 74 6.2 Proposed Entitlement Matrix 79 6.3 Proposed Two-tier GRM for the Project 81 6.4 Proposed Monitoring Arrangements 81 6.5 Implementation Schedule 83 Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad Page 5 Social Impact Assessment Study-Proposed Land Acquisition for CMLARR Ministry of Defence 2019-20 6.6 Expenditure Estimate-SIMP Including R & R Plan 84 Boxes 2.1 Land Compensation as per the RFCTLARR Act, 2013 18 4.2 Revenue Order No. 1 32 Figures 52.1 Process flow under the RFCTLARR Act, 2013 18 2.2 Consultation and Transparency Requirements under the RFCTLARR ACT, 2013 21 3.3 SIA Study: Pre-Survey to Submission- Key Activities at a Glance 28 4.1 Occupational Distribution of the Affected Population 45 4.2 Comparative Picture of Occupational Distribution in the Study Areas 45 6.1 Institutional Set Up Under RFCTLARR Act, 2013 80 Annexures Annexure I Survey Questionnaire 93 Annexure II Notified Plots/Landowners Not-Surveyed-Lachung and Lachen 96 Annexure III Details of Affected Landowners in Lachung 97 Annexure IV Details of Affected Landowners in Lachen 120 Annexure V Details of Affected Landowners in Chungthang 140 Annexure VI Structures in the Project Affected Area in Lachung 144 Annexure VII Structures in the Project Affected Area in Lachen 145 Annexure VIII Structures in the Project Affected Area in Chungthang 147 Annexure IX List of Vulnerable Women Headed Households 148 Annexure X List of Elderly Persons Among Affected
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