DOCSLIB.ORG

Development of Island-Based Fishery Management Plans (Fmps) in the U.S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Development of Island-Based Fishery Management Plans (Fmps) in the U.S Development of Island-Based Fishery Management Plans (FMPs) in the U.S. Caribbean Transition from Species-Based FMPs to Island-Based FMPs Environmental Assessment November 2014 Abbreviations and Acronyms Used ACL annual catch limit Magnuson-Stevens Act Magnuson- Stevens Fishery Conservation AM accountability measure and Management Act APA Administrative Procedures Act MMPA Marine Mammal Protection Act BVI British Virgin Islands MSY maximum sustainable yield CEA cumulative effects analysis NMFS National Marine Fisheries CEQ Council on Environmental Service Quality NOAA National Oceanic and CFMC Caribbean Fishery Atmospheric Administration Management Council OMB Office of Management and CZMA Coastal Zone Management Act Budget DPNR Department of Planning and OY optimum yield Natural Resources of the USVI PRA Paperwork Reduction Act EA environmental assessment RFA Regulatory Flexibility Act EEZ exclusive economic zone RIR Regulatory Impact Review EFH essential fish habitat SEFSC Southeast Fisheries Science ESA Endangered Species Act Center FMP fishery management plan SEIS supplemental environmental impact statement FMU fishery management unit SERO Southeast Regional Office HAPC habitat area of particular concern USVI United States Virgin Islands I Development of Island-Based Fishery Management Plans (FMPs) in the U.S. Caribbean Proposed actions: Transition from species-based FMPs to island-based FMPs in the U.S. Caribbean Lead agencies: Caribbean Fishery Management Council (Council) and the National Marine Fisheries Service For further information contact: Miguel A. Rolón Caribbean Fishery Management Council 270 Luis Muñoz Rivera Ave., Suite 401 San Juan, Puerto Rico 00918 (787) 766-5926, 5927 Phil Steele National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Region 263 13th Avenue South St. Petersburg, FL 33701 (727) 824-5305 What are Island-Based FMPs? Currently, the Council and NOAA’s National Marine Fisheries Service organize FMPs in the U.S. Caribbean by species or species groups (e.g., Spiny Lobster, Reef Fish). Island-based FMPs will be structured by island or island group, rather than by species, to allow managers to better account for biological, social, and economic differences among the islands comprising the U.S. Caribbean. II Table of Contents ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS USED .......................................................................... I TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT .......................... 5 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1 1.1 WHAT ACTION IS BEING PROPOSED? ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 WHO IS PROPOSING THE ACTION? ........................................................................................... 1 1.3 WHERE IS THE PROJECT LOCATED? ........................................................................................ 2 1.4 WHY IS THE COUNCIL CONSIDERING ACTION? ....................................................................... 2 1.5 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 2. PROPOSED ACTION AND ALTERNATIVES .............................................. 9 2.1 ACTION: SHIFT FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN THE U.S. CARIBBEAN FROM SPECIES-BASED FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS (FMPS) TO ISLAND-BASED FMPS. ....................................... 9 CHAPTER 3. AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT........................................................................ 12 3.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................... 13 3.1.1 Geology .................................................................................................................... 14 3.1.2 Oceanography and Climate ...................................................................................... 15 3.1.3 Major Habitat Types ................................................................................................ 16 3.2 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................. 18 3.2.1 Species Most Impacted by this Action ..................................................................... 18 3.2.2 Protected Species ..................................................................................................... 18 3.3 HUMAN ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................ 21 3.3.1 Economic Environment ........................................................................................... 21 3.3.2 Social and Cultural Environment ............................................................................. 31 3.3.3 Environmental Justice Considerations ..................................................................... 37 3.4 ADMINISTRATIVE ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................... 40 3.4.1 Federal Fishery Management ................................................................................... 40 3.4.2 Commonwealth/Territory Fishery Management ...................................................... 41 CHAPTER 4. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS...................................................................... 43 4.1 DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS ON THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ...................................... 43 4.2 DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS ON THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................. 44 4.3 DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS ON THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT..................................... 45 4.4 DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS ON THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT .......................................... 48 4.5 DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS ON THE ADMINISTRATIVE ENVIRONMENT .......................... 49 4.6 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ANALYSIS......................................................................................... 52 CHAPTER 5. LIST OF PREPARERS .................................................................................... 61 CHAPTER 6. LIST OF AGENCIES AND PERSONS CONSULTED ................................ 62 CHAPTER 7. REFERENCES .................................................................................................. 63 CHAPTER 8. APPENDICES ................................................................................................... 77 APPENDIX 1 – LIST OF SPECIES IN THE SPINY LOBSTER FMP, REEF FISH FMP, QUEEN CONCH FMP, AND THE CORALS AND REEF ASSOCIATED PLANTS AND INVERTEBRATES FMP. ......... 77 III APPENDIX 2 – SCOPING MEETINGS SUMMARIES ......................................................................... 87 APPENDIX 3 – OTHER APPLICABLE LAWS .................................................................................. 88 APPENDIX 4 – HISTORY OF FEDERAL FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN THE U.S. CARIBBEAN ........ 100 List of Figures Figure 1.1. Jurisdictional boundaries of the Caribbean Fishery Management Council. ............... 2 Figure 1.2. Detailed boundaries, including the coordinates, for subdividing the U.S. Caribbean EEZ among islands (Puerto Rico, St. Croix) or island group (St. Thomas/St. John). 7 Figure 3.1. Location of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. .............................................. 13 Figure 3.2. Shared platform between the east coast of Puerto Rico and the islands of St. Thomas and St. John. ............................................................................................................. 15 Figure 3.3. Map of Puerto Rico with census designated places .................................................. 32 Figure 3.4. Map of St. Croix with census designated places ...................................................... 34 Figure 3.5. Map of St. Thomas and St. John with census designated places .............................. 36 List of Tables Table 1.1. Annual catch limit (ACL) values (lbs) for each island group, fishery management unit, and sector (only for Puerto Rico) defined in the 2010 and 2011 Caribbean ACL Amendments. For the Puerto Rico recreational sector, numbers of individuals are in parentheses. ................................................................................................................. 8 Table 3.1. Puerto Rico communities exceeding the poverty environmental justice thresholds for 2010. .......................................................................................................................... 39 Table 5.1. List of island-based environmental assessment preparers. ........................................ 61 IV Table of Contents for the Environmental Assessment Purpose and Need.........................................................................................................................2 Alternatives...................................................................................................................................9 Affected Environment.……………………………………………………….............................12 Environmental Effects..................................................................................................................43 List of Preparers............................................................................................................................61 List of Agencies and Persons Consulted....…………………...…………………………...........62 Appendices...................................................................................................................................77
Load more

Recommended publications
  • How to Prepare the Final Version of Your Manuscript for the Proceedings of the 11Th ICRS, July 2007, Ft
    Proceedings of the 12th International Coral Reef Symposium, Cairns, Australia, 9-13 July 2012 13B The changing role of fishes in coral reef ecosystems Reef fish foraging associations: “Nuclear-follower” behavior or an ephemeral interaction? Pedro H. C. Pereira1,2, João L. L. Feitosa2, Laís C. T. Chaves2, Maria E. de Araújo2 1 School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University - JCU. Townsville - QLD Australia 2 Departamento de Oceanografia - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) Recife - Brasil. Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract. A widespread feeding association among reef fishes involves nuclear and attendant species. The former causes a bottom disturbance attracting several species known as followers, which feed on items exposed by this activity. Herein we propose a novel classification for foraging associations namely “ephemeral foraging association” formerly grouped together as nuclear-follower behavior. For this classification, the interaction between the goldspotted eel Myrichthys ocellatus and other six reef fish species was taken as a study case. The present study was conducted in the Tamandaré Reef Complex, Pernambuco State, Northeastern Brazil (8º44’26’’S and 35º05’11’’W). Observations were performed during daylight periods while snorkeling with a total of 55 hours of direct observation. We recorded 18 occurrences of the “ephemeral foraging association”, while 42 individuals were observed. Interactions lasted from 30 seconds to 5 minutes and total fish lengths (TL) ranged from four to ten centimeters. Most ephemeral foraging species were carnivores and territorial omnivores. Based on factors such as the way the associations are triggered, time spent in the association, cognitive reactions and territoriality of attendants the recorded interactions may be separated into a different category.
    [Show full text]
  • Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School November 2017 Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E. Hepner University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Hepner, Megan E., "Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7408 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary by Megan E. Hepner A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Marine Science with a concentration in Marine Resource Assessment College of Marine Science University of South Florida Major Professor: Frank Muller-Karger, Ph.D. Christopher Stallings, Ph.D. Steve Gittings, Ph.D. Date of Approval: October 31st, 2017 Keywords: Species richness, biodiversity, functional diversity, species traits Copyright © 2017, Megan E. Hepner ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to my major advisor, Dr. Frank Muller-Karger, who provided opportunities for me to strengthen my skills as a researcher on research cruises, dive surveys, and in the laboratory, and as a communicator through oral and presentations at conferences, and for encouraging my participation as a full team member in various meetings of the Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (MBON) and other science meetings.
    [Show full text]
  • A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico And
    A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast Fishes THIRD EDITION GSMFC No. 300 NOVEMBER 2020 i Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission Commissioners and Proxies ALABAMA Senator R.L. “Bret” Allain, II Chris Blankenship, Commissioner State Senator District 21 Alabama Department of Conservation Franklin, Louisiana and Natural Resources John Roussel Montgomery, Alabama Zachary, Louisiana Representative Chris Pringle Mobile, Alabama MISSISSIPPI Chris Nelson Joe Spraggins, Executive Director Bon Secour Fisheries, Inc. Mississippi Department of Marine Bon Secour, Alabama Resources Biloxi, Mississippi FLORIDA Read Hendon Eric Sutton, Executive Director USM/Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Florida Fish and Wildlife Ocean Springs, Mississippi Conservation Commission Tallahassee, Florida TEXAS Representative Jay Trumbull Carter Smith, Executive Director Tallahassee, Florida Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Austin, Texas LOUISIANA Doug Boyd Jack Montoucet, Secretary Boerne, Texas Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Baton Rouge, Louisiana GSMFC Staff ASMFC Staff Mr. David M. Donaldson Mr. Bob Beal Executive Director Executive Director Mr. Steven J. VanderKooy Mr. Jeffrey Kipp IJF Program Coordinator Stock Assessment Scientist Ms. Debora McIntyre Dr. Kristen Anstead IJF Staff Assistant Fisheries Scientist ii A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast Fishes Third Edition Edited by Steve VanderKooy Jessica Carroll Scott Elzey Jessica Gilmore Jeffrey Kipp Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission 2404 Government St Ocean Springs, MS 39564 and Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission 1050 N. Highland Street Suite 200 A-N Arlington, VA 22201 Publication Number 300 November 2020 A publication of the Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission pursuant to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award Number NA15NMF4070076 and NA15NMF4720399.
    [Show full text]
  • New Hampshire Fish and Game Department NEW HAMPSHIRE SALTWATER FISHING 2021 DIGEST
    New Hampshire Fish and Game Department NEW HAMPSHIRE SALTWATER FISHING 2021 DIGEST Fish the Coast! The Official New Hampshire Digest of Regulations fishnh.com A Legacy of High Performance NEW! SARAGOSA SW REEL Infinity Drive Technology increases this reel’s winding torque under load compared to its TERAMAR XX SW RODS predecessor to give anglers a distinct advantage Shimano’s Spiral X and Hi-Power X technologies enhance power over hard fighting game fish. Combined with transmission through the rod blank for increased casting distance a battle-tested rigid HAGANE Body that won’t and lifting power as well as reduced blank twist during tough flex under immense loads and the battles. Whether fishing for stripers in the Northeast, reds in the HAGANE Gear to create eternally smooth reeling. Southeast or Southwest, or salmon on the West Coast, there is a Cross Carbon drag and X-Protect offer high-level Teramar XX rod to fit your fishing needs. water resistance to create long-lasting durability. No matter whether anglers are fishing inshore or offshore, jigging for bottom fish or casting baits at tailing fish, they can count on — just like they always have — the Saragosa SW to stay smooth no matter the conditions and perform when TREVALA PX RODS needed most. The bar is raised for saltwater spinning reels. Incorporates a redesigned rod blank with Shimano’s Hi-Power X reinforcing technology to increase overall strength and control while also enhancing rod twist resistance when jigging or fighting a fish. Save the date! FISHINGFEST® 2021 ~ April 1-4 Quality components for enhanced performance.
    [Show full text]
  • St. Kitts Final Report
    ReefFix: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Ecosystem Services Valuation and Capacity Building Project for the Caribbean ST. KITTS AND NEVIS FIRST DRAFT REPORT JUNE 2013 PREPARED BY PATRICK I. WILLIAMS CONSULTANT CLEVERLY HILL SANDY POINT ST. KITTS PHONE: 1 (869) 765-3988 E-MAIL: [email protected] 1 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Table of Contents 3 List of Figures 6 List of Tables 6 Glossary of Terms 7 Acronyms 10 Executive Summary 12 Part 1: Situational analysis 15 1.1 Introduction 15 1.2 Physical attributes 16 1.2.1 Location 16 1.2.2 Area 16 1.2.3 Physical landscape 16 1.2.4 Coastal zone management 17 1.2.5 Vulnerability of coastal transportation system 19 1.2.6 Climate 19 1.3 Socio-economic context 20 1.3.1 Population 20 1.3.2 General economy 20 1.3.3 Poverty 22 1.4 Policy frameworks of relevance to marine resource protection and management in St. Kitts and Nevis 23 1.4.1 National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) 23 1.4.2 National Physical Development Plan (2006) 23 1.4.3 National Environmental Management Strategy (NEMS) 23 1.4.4 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NABSAP) 26 1.4.5 Medium Term Economic Strategy Paper (MTESP) 26 1.5 Legislative instruments of relevance to marine protection and management in St. Kitts and Nevis 27 1.5.1 Development Control and Planning Act (DCPA), 2000 27 1.5.2 National Conservation and Environmental Protection Act (NCEPA), 1987 27 1.5.3 Public Health Act (1969) 28 1.5.4 Solid Waste Management Corporation Act (1996) 29 1.5.5 Water Courses and Water Works Ordinance (Cap.
    [Show full text]
  • Caribbean Wildlife Undersea 2017
    Caribbean Wildlife Undersea life This document is a compilation of wildlife pictures from The Caribbean, taken from holidays and cruise visits. Species identification can be frustratingly difficult and our conclusions must be checked via whatever other resources are available. We hope this publication may help others having similar problems. While every effort has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the information in this document, the authors cannot be held re- sponsible for any errors. Copyright © John and Diana Manning, 2017 1 Angelfishes (Pomacanthidae) Corals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) French angelfish 7 Bipinnate sea plume 19 (Pomacanthus pardu) (Antillogorgia bipinnata) Grey angelfish 8 Black sea rod 20 (Pomacanthus arcuatus) (Plexaura homomalla) Queen angelfish 8 Blade fire coral 20 (Holacanthus ciliaris) (Millepora complanata) Rock beauty 9 Branching fire coral 21 (Holacanthus tricolor) (Millepora alcicornis) Townsend angelfish 9 Bristle Coral 21 (Hybrid) (Galaxea fascicularis) Elkhorn coral 22 Barracudas (Sphyraenidae) (Acropora palmata) Great barracuda 10 Finger coral 22 (Sphyraena barracuda) (Porites porites) Fire coral 23 Basslets (Grammatidae) (Millepora dichotoma) Fairy basslet 10 Great star coral 23 (Gramma loreto) (Montastraea cavernosa) Grooved brain coral 24 Bonnetmouths (Inermiidae) (Diploria labyrinthiformis) Boga( Inermia Vittata) 11 Massive starlet coral 24 (Siderastrea siderea) Bigeyes (Priacanthidae) Pillar coral 25 Glasseye snapper 11 (Dendrogyra cylindrus) (Heteropriacanthus cruentatus) Porous sea rod 25 (Pseudoplexaura
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Animals Protected by the IUCN Red Data List and CITES 1973 on Seagrass Ecosystems
    E3S Web of Conferences 68, 04011 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf /20186804011 1st SRICOENV 2018 Marine Animals Protected by the IUCN Red Data List and CITES 1973 on Seagrass Ecosystems 1* 2 3 Andreas Pramudianto , Putut Suharso , dan Nurul Hidayati 1School of Environmental Science, University of Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no. 4, Jakarta 10430 Indonesia 2Department of Library and Information Science, Diponegoro University, Prof. H. Soedarto SH street, Semarang 50275 Indonesia 3Postgraduated student Environmental Science Programme, School of Environmental Science, University of Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street No. 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia Abstract. Seagrass beds are important for providing ecological functions and ecosystem services, including its role as habitat for marine animals. In spite of their significance, they remain in decline. The change of seagrass beds will affect the associated animals. Some animals that live on seagrass beds protected by IUCN Red Data List and CITES 1973. Yet the data have not been properly recorded. The aim of this study was to find out the existence of marine animals protected by the Red Data List and CITES 1973 IUCN, especially in seagrass ecosystems in Indonesia. The method used in this research is mix method with desk study approach and presentation of data analyzed through review. The results of the study show that changes in seagrass ecosystems will affect the presence of migratory marine animals and those who live and settle in this ecosystem. The provisions in the IUCN Red Data List and CITES 1973 supported by national legislation in Indonesia will have significant impact on the protection of marine animals in seagrass beds.
    [Show full text]
  • Lobster Review
    Seafood Watch Seafood Report American lobster Homarus americanus (Image © Monterey Bay Aquarium) Northeast Region Final Report February 2, 2006 Matthew Elliott Independent Consultant Monterey Bay Aquarium American Lobster About Seafood Watch® and the Seafood Reports Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Seafood Watch® program evaluates the ecological sustainability of wild-caught and farmed seafood commonly found in the United States marketplace. Seafood Watch® defines sustainable seafood as originating from sources, whether wild-caught or farmed, which can maintain or increase production in the long-term without jeopardizing the structure or function of affected ecosystems. Seafood Watch® makes its science-based recommendations available to the public in the form of regional pocket guides that can be downloaded from the Internet (seafoodwatch.org) or obtained from the Seafood Watch® program by emailing [email protected]. The program’s goals are to raise awareness of important ocean conservation issues and empower seafood consumers and businesses to make choices for healthy oceans. Each sustainability recommendation on the regional pocket guides is supported by a Seafood Report. Each report synthesizes and analyzes the most current ecological, fisheries and ecosystem science on a species, then evaluates this information against the program’s conservation ethic to arrive at a recommendation of “Best Choices,” “Good Alternatives,” or “Avoid.” The detailed evaluation methodology is available upon request. In producing the Seafood Reports, Seafood Watch® seeks out research published in academic, peer-reviewed journals whenever possible. Other sources of information include government technical publications, fishery management plans and supporting documents, and other scientific reviews of ecological sustainability. Seafood Watch® Fisheries Research Analysts also communicate regularly with ecologists, fisheries and aquaculture scientists, and members of industry and conservation organizations when evaluating fisheries and aquaculture practices.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
    European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences.
    [Show full text]
  • Signature Redacted
    One Fish, Two Fish, Lungfish, Youfish: Embracing Traditional Taxonomy in a Molecular World By ASSA ETTS I E OFOF TECHNOLGT E Lindsay Kirlin Brownell JUN 3 0 2014 B.S. Biology B.A. English LIBRARIES Davidson College, 2010 SUBMITTED TO THE PROGRAM IN COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES/WRITING IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN SCIENCE WRITING AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SEPTEMBER 2014 D 2014 Lindsay Kirlin Brownell. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Signature redacted Signature of Author: Program of Comparative Media Studies/Writing May 22, 2014 Signature redacted Certified by: Alan Lightman Professor of the Practice Thesis Advisor Signature redacted I Accepted by: _ Tom Levenson Professor of Science Writing Director, Graduate Program in Science Writing 1 One Fish, Two Fish, Lungfish, Youfish: Embracing Traditional Taxonomy in a Molecular World By Lindsay Kirlin Brownell Submitted to the Program in Comparative Media Studies/Writing on May 22, 2014 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Science Writing ABSTRACT In today's increasingly digitized, data-driven world, the "old ways" of doing things, especially science, are quickly abandoned in favor of newer, ostensibly better methods. One such discipline is the ancient study of taxonomy, the discovery and organization of life on Earth. New techniques like DNA sequencing are allowing taxonomists to gain insight into the tangled web of relationships between species (among the Acanthomorph fish, for example).
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Blue Crab Predators Status: TAES San Antonio Phone: 830-214-5878 Note: E-Mail: [email protected]
    ********************************************************************* ********************************************************************* Document-ID: 2225347 Patron: Note: NOTICE: ********************************************************************* ********************************************************************* Pages: 16 Printed: 02-22-12 11:45:34 Sender: Ariel/Windows Journal Title: proceedings of the blue crab 2/22/2012 8:35 AM , mortality symposium (ult state marine fisheries (Please update within 24 hours) commission publication) Ceil! #: SH380.45. L8 858 1999 Volume: Issue: 90 Month/Year: Pages: Nof Wanted 08/19/2012 Da~e: l' Article Author: Guillory, V and M Elliot Article Title: A review of blue crab predators Status: TAES San Antonio Phone: 830-214-5878 Note: E-mail: [email protected] Name: Bandel, Micaela T AES San Antonio 2632 Broadway, Suite 301 South San Antonio, TX 78215 I '' I i' Proceedings ofthe Blue Crab Symposium 69-83 n of d A Review of Blue Crab Predators \n. I ~s VINCENT GUILLORY AND MEGAN ELLIOT B- Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, P.O. Box 189, Bourg, Lou,,fana 70343 Abstract. - The diverse life history stages, abundance, and wide distributio> over a variety of habitats are attributes that expose blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun) to nuinerous predators. An extensive literature search was undertaken on food habits of marine and estuarin,· invertebrate, and vertebrate species to identify predators of blue crab zoea, megalopae, and juveni k/adults. Ninety­ three species, which included invertebrates, fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals, were documented to prey upon blue crabs. An additional l l 9 sp~cies had other crab species or brachyur:m remains in their stomach contents. More fish species were identified as blue crab predators than any other taxonomic group (67), and 60 fish species were documented to prey upon unidentified crabs and/or brachyurans.
    [Show full text]
  • Functional Connectivity in Multi-Habitat Marine Species Porter
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 18 January 2021 doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0340.v1 Functional connectivity in multi-habitat marine species Porter ES1*, Ponchon A1, Allgayer RL1, Finnegan S1, Travis JMJ1, Layton KKS1 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK *Corresponding author email: [email protected] Co-author emails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Many marine species use different habitats at different stages of their life cycle. Functional connectivity, the degree to which the seascape facilitates or impedes movement between habitat patches, is poorly studied in marine systems. We reviewed the scientific literature to explore the various barriers preventing functional connectivity between marine habitats and how the removal of these barriers may restore connectivity. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to investigate functional connectivity between life cycle habitats for a range of marine species. A total of 4,499 records were identified and screened, leaving 69 publications eligible for review. The results highlighted a range of distances between nursery and adult habitats that limited functional connectivity for a number of species, predominantly reef fishes. For some species, adults were absent on reefs >9km from the closest nursery habitat, suggesting a threshold for connectivity. Similarly, increased distance between spawning and settlement habitats decreased settling success of larvae of various taxa. Pelagic larval duration, seascape topography and climate change were also shown to impact functional connectivity during the larval phase. The removal and mitigation of barriers preventing functional connectivity, including dams and habitat fragmentation, restored connectivity between disconnected life cycle habitats, but the efficacy of 1 © 2021 by the author(s).
    [Show full text]