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Václav Havel Charles University Magazine 4 2019 — iforum.cuni.cz special issue 1989 2019 Jan Sokol Spotlight Václav Havel Vladimír Hanzel Šimon Pánek 4EU+ Today we know how A journey into the From prison to How Havel turned Our first and last Echoes from to handle freedom world of knowledge honorary doctorate into a Leader demonstration partners / 4 / 6 / 10 / 14 / 18 / 20 Join us in commemorating the events of November 17 Charles by Photo University Archive 1939/1989 Dear readers, It has been 30 years since the fall of the Iron Cur- 12/11 14/11 16/11 tain. In the Czech Republic, this event is known as the Velvet Revolution. November 17, 1989, marked 17:00 Patriotic Hall, the Carolinum 10:00 the Carolinum / 12:00 Patriotic Hall, the Carolinum the start of a new era – one of freedom and funda- Three Decades of Democracy: Kampus Hybernská Conference on Europe and mental changes. However, the date has a much dar- A Debate Between Former Czech Conference on dissent in the former International Students’ Day Prime Ministers Czechoslovakia, followed by a concert ker history. 16:00 Albertov On October 28, 1939, the anniversary of the 16:00 Carolinum The Night Before Velvet concert founding of our country (at a time when it was 13/11 Opening of the exhibition occupied by the Nazis) citizens and students of kdown shocked the country and led to demonstra- Charles University gathered for a peaceful demon- tions that would never abate and would eventually 12:00 First Faculty of Medicine Our November ’89 at Charles University / 17/11 stration; however, the student Jan Opletal was shot bring down the regime. General University Hospital 9:00 Albertov and later succumbed to his injuries. On Novem- That moment – the moment Czechoslovaks re- A gathering to honour the memory 15/11 Freedom and Democracy ber 15, his funeral turned into a demonstration and gained their freedom and put the country back on of student Jan Opletal 9:00 University of Economics, Prague Day at Albertov two days later all Czech universities were closed. the path to democracy – is still a reason to celebra- Conference on Economic Nine students and professors were executed on te. Given the extent of the social, economic, and 18:00 Faculty of Law Transformation in the Czech 9:00 The Chamber of Deputies November 17 and more than 1‚200 students and political transformation since, the 30th anniversary Faculty Night Republic and Slovakia of the Czech Republic professors were sent to the concentration camp in presents an important opportunity to evaluate how From Barbed Wire Fences to the Sachsenhausen, Germany. In their memory, Inter- far the country has come; it is also a moment to 19:00 Grand Hall, the Carolinum Schengen Area conference national Students’ Day was established in London address some of the challenges ahead. Unknown Soldier – in 1941. We report the latest about the 4EU+ Alliance, an original musical Fifty years later, November 17, 1989, saw the bringing together the talents and resources of six start of the Velvet Revolution that brought down prestigious European universities. The future offers the communist regime in Czechoslovakia. Students numerous challenges and education is very often had gathered to mark the day and commemorate one of the main ways in which we can solve pro- Opletal’s death and suffered a brutal crackdown at blems together. The 4EU+ Alliance is a key project the hands of the communist riot police. The crac- for our university, aimed at bringing more students and more researchers together: it represents our vi- www.svobodnylistopad.cz sion of a free and cooperating Europe. May we all enjoy this anniversary, remembering the courageous students who gave their lives for our freedom, and work together for a better future. Tomáš Zima Rector of Charles University general main partners partner partner You can read the articles media partners online too! Interview Emeritus Jan Sokol – Today we know how Out of shadows and injustice to handle freedom / 4 into the free world / 16 Contents Spotlight Interview A journey into the world Šimon pánek – Our first and of knowledge / 6 last demonstration / 18 Profile 4EU+ Alliance václav havel – From prison The Velvet Revolution… as seen 6 to honorary doctorate / 10 by our 4EU+ Alliance partners /20 Interview Comics vladimír hanzel – How Václav How to explain the meaning of Havel turned into a Leader / 14 “Velvet” to your foreign friends / 22 Forum 4/2019 Forum is published twice a year and is Charles University Magazine free. The opinions expressed in Forum Special Issue 1989—2019 are those of the contributors and not necessarily those of the Charles Published by University. Reprinting of any articles Charles University or images from Forum without Ovocný trh 5, 116 36 Prague 1 the express permission of Charles Editor-in-chief Martin Rychlík University is forbidden. Responsible for Content Jan Velinger This issue was published in October 2019 Editorial Inquiries Registration MK ČR E 22422 +420 224 491 248 ISSN 1211-1732 E-mail [email protected] Photo on this spread by Layout and Graphic Design Tomáš Turek Filip Blažek, Eliška Kudrnovská, Charles University Archive Designiq Karel Bucháček Cover Photo 10 Tomáš Turek 18 society has miraculously learned to han- graduation, and for everyone. Of course For the last three decades you’ve dle freedom. I’ve always been very con- it’s a little different at a conservatory or been connected in various ways cerned about that. Of course one greatly at a secondary medical school than at a with Charles University. What has looked forward to when the bubble gymnázium [college preparatory second- changed the most? would burst. But at the same time I was ary school]. After all, neither a musician I would say that the universities were Today we know how worried how we would handle it because nor a nurse can get by without a trino- significantly changed by the masses. The we weren’t used to freedom. mial equation (pardon me, without an number of students grew in the West equation with one unknown), without over many years, while in the Czech And do we know how to handle percentages and statistics, without esti- Republic it jumped from one year to freedom, or do we no longer appre- mating quantities. the next and practically without invest- ciate it? ment. Also, the emphasis on research to handle freedom You know, I’m not a sociologist, and What’s troubling contemporary and examination, which the Commu- I have no idea how it’s perceived on education? nists wanted to give exclusively to the Professor Jan Sokol’s philosophy lectures have a mass scale. But I’d say that if pub- Above all, it’s the bureaucratisation and Academy of Sciences. It came all of a lic freedom is taken for granted among unnecessary recordkeeping of anything sudden, and things are now evaluated always been among the most sought-after at Charles people, that’s actually good. That’s how and everything. And I’m very disturbed only according to the criteria of empiri- it should be. And if anyone tries to cut by the mistrust shown by parents: they cal science. University, and he himself has been connected to their freedom short, let the people pro- themselves are showing children that A university is a remarkable organism academia for decades. He also perceptively noted test loudly. they don’t appreciate schools. When a that has been alive for nearly a thou- This is why I’m delighted, for exam- father asks his little boy what he did in sand years though transformations. It is the transformation of the university and all of Czech ple, by “Milion chvilek pro demokracii the “idiot factory” today, he has no idea conservative in itself and by its nature. [A Million Moments for Democracy]”, how much he’s harming him. It’s inter- At the same time, young people are con- society after the events of November 1989. where young people figure prominently, esting that most people will have incred- stantly entering it, and thanks to that it unaffected by old sentiments. They un- ibly good memories of their first teacher can be a very open and critical environ- STORY BY Jiří Novák PHOTO BY Vladimír Šigut derstood that there’s no need to establish until the day they die. Why can’t we use ment. And that’s good. a new party or present a political pro- that later? Where does it go? gramme. It’s enough to show that they’re Maybe the teacher himself should un- From today’s perspective it seems cause there were too many communists have pretty much wasted the prestige here. And if the government does some- derstand his authority a little different- that people were very united in on the Civic Forum’s candidate list. we had abroad thanks to Havel. I would thing unacceptable, it’ll growl a bit in ly. It’s similar to when you’re a parent – 1989, and they held together with a have easily overlooked all the pettiness disagreement. Even that may be enough. your children think you know everything fair amount of enthusiasm. In the end, you spent two years as and gaffes, but I’m bothered by Zeman’s until five or six years old. But then you This is always something of a dangerous a member of parliament, and in courtship of Russia and China. That’s a Could you name what has sur- have to show that you too don’t know Forum SpecialForum Issue SpecialForum Issue optical illusion. Even though half a mil- 2003 you were even a candidate for serious and dangerous thing.
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