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BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS FALL 2012 FALL CONTENTS

New Books brookings focus series Brookings Institution Press...... 1 Written for a broad audience, Brookings FOCUS books feature concise, Aspen Institute...... 20 accessible, and timely assessments of pressing policy issues, including United Nations University Press ...... 21 recommendations for action. The following FOCUS titles appear in this catalog: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace ...... 24 Chatham House...... 26 Why Nuclear Arms Control Is Still Important American Chamber of Commerce to the EU...... 27 Steven Pifer and Michael E. O’Hanlon Century Foundation Press ...... 28 Page 2 Center for Global Development...... 29 Mr. Putin Jamestown Foundation...... 30 Fiona Hill and Clifford G. Gaddy Page 3 Economica...... 31 Centre for European Policy Studies ...... 32 The Pursuit of Happiness Carol Graham Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center. . . . . 33 Page 13 Bertelsmann Stiftung...... 34 Bending History Migration Policy Institute...... 35 Martin S. Indyk, Kenneth G. Lieberthal, and Michael E. O’Hanlon Institute for the Study of the Americas...... 36 Page 44 Committee to Protect Journalists...... 36 The Metropolitan Revolution Organization for Economic Cooperation Bruce Katz and Jennifer Bradley and Development...... 37 Page 45 International Labor Office...... 40

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The Thistle and the Drone How America’s War on Terror Became a Global War on Tribal Islam

Akbar Ahmed

he United States declared war on terrorism in the wake of the 9/11 attacks. More than ten years later, the results are decidedly mixed. In The Thistle and Tthe Drone, world-renowned author, diplomat, and scholar Akbar Ahmed reveals a tremendously important yet largely unrecognized adverse effect of these campaigns: they actually have exacerbated the already-broken relationship between central governments and the tribal societies on their periphery.

Ideas of a clash of civilizations, “security,” and “terrorism” have dominated the last decade, upsetting the balance between central governments and their periphery in much of the world.

Ahmed draws on sixty current case studies for this unprecedented analysis, beginning with Waziristan in Pakistan and expanding to similar societies in Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, and elsewhere to offer an alternative paradigm. The United • Advertising: New York Review of Books; States is directly or indirectly involved with many of these societies. Al Qaeda has Foreign Affairs; London Review of Books; been decimated, but the world is drifting into a global war where the focus has shifted local radio to these peripheral societies. Old ethnic and tribal tensions have been revived. No one • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, is immune to the violence—neither school children nor congregations in their houses Twitter, Brookings UpFront blog, webcasts of worship. People on the periphery say, “Every day is 9/11 for us.” • Author appearances The thistle of the title evokes Hadji Murad, Tolstoy’s classic novel about the struggle • Galleys between the Imperial Russian army and the independent Muslim states in the • Launch events in Washington, D.C., and Caucasus. The local tribesman with his courage, pride, and sense of egalitarianism Cambridge (U.K.) is the prickly thistle; the drone reference, as the most advanced kill technology of globalization, is painfully clear. Together these two powerful metaphors paint a bleak landscape of confusion, uncertainty, violence, and loss. The book provides concrete ways to minimize conflict and still win the war on terror.

Praise for the work of Akbar Ahmed “Readers [of Journey into America] unfamiliar with Islam will walk away with a much firmer grasp of its nuances, and everyone will likely learn a great deal about American self-perception.” —Publishers Weekly

“Journey into America is a brilliant follow-up to Journey into Islam.”

—Colonel David Kilcullen, The Accidental Guerilla OF RELATED INTEREST “Akbar Ahmed's voice needs to be heard, and his courage strengthened.” —Elie Wiesel, Nobel Peace Laureate Journey into America The Challenge of Islam Akbar Ahmed Akbar Ahmed is the Ibn Kahldun Chair of Islamic Studies at American University in Washington, D.C. He is also the first Distinguished Chair of Middle East Studies at the U.S. Naval Academy, a nonresi- paper, 978-0-8157-2217-5, $24.95 / £16.99 dent senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, and a former Pakistani ambassador to the United ebook, 978-0-8157-0440-9, $24.95 / £16.99 Kingdom. In an addition to being a published poet and playwright, Ahmed is the author of Journey into Islam: The Crisis of Globalization and Journey into America: The Challenge of Islam, both pub- Journey into Islam lished by Brookings. The Crisis of Globalization Akbar Ahmed January, 6 x 9, 300 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-0131-6, $20.95 / £13.99 cloth, 978-0-8157-2378-3, $28.95t / £19.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-0133-0, $20.95 / £13.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2379-0, $28.95 / £19.99 FALL 2012 1 NEW BOOKS

Why Nuclear Arms Control Is Still Important Steven Pifer and Michael E. O’Hanlon

or some observers, nuclear arms control is either a relic of the cold war, or a utopian dream about a denuclearized planet decades in the future. But in fact, Fas Brookings scholars Steven Pifer and Michael O’Hanlon argue in a new book, it is of major relevance to some of the key and urgent security challenges of the day.

Iran, North Korea, and Pakistan dominate the nuclear headlines, and policymakers constantly try to find the right mix of sanctions, incentives, arms control options, and in some cases, even threats of military force to address the problems. Efforts led by the Obama administration to pressure Iran not to enrich uranium, North Korea not to test more devices, or Pakistan to slow its arms racing depend on international consensus about nuclear nonproliferation, nuclear testing, and nuclear weapons reductions.

Then there is Russia. It remains America’s chief partner on nuclear arms negotiations, and also a rival in other ways. The Obama administration has had some success in improving U.S.-Russian relations by returning to classic arms control, A Brookings FOCUS Book including the New START Treaty. Those improved relations in turn made it easier to • Advertising: New York Review of Books; get Moscow to pressure Iran over its nuclear program (and to supply NATO forces Foreign Affairs; Arms Control Today; in Afghanistan through the so-called Northern Distribution Network rather than Perspectives on Politics just Pakistan). But U.S.-Russian relations remain complex, Moscow is opposed to • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, Twitter, Brookings UpFront blog, webcasts American plans for missile defense in Europe, and it is not clear how eager Russia is for any further nuclear arms cuts given its reliance on weapons of mass destruction • Author appearances to protect its long borders. • Galleys • Launch event in Washington, D.C. What is the future of nuclear arms control for the next American president, be it a reelected Barack Obama or a newly elected Mitt Romney? Can there be another major U.S.-Russia arms treaty? Can all the tactical and surplus warheads that have so far escaped controls be brought into such a framework? Can a modus vivendi OF RELATED INTEREST be reached between the two states on missile defense? And what of multilateral accords on nuclear testing and production of fissile materials for nuclear weapons? A Skeptic’s Case for Nuclear Disarmament Pifer and O’Hanlon concisely frame the issues, the circumstances, and the choices Michael E. O’Hanlon for a future president and offer their own recommendations as well. cloth, 978-0-8157-0507-9, $26.95 / £18.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-0508-6, $26.95 / £18.99 Steven Pifer is a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy program and the Center for the United States and Europe at Brookings, where he is director of the Brookings Arm Control Initiative. He spent more Bending History than twenty-five years as a career Foreign Service officer with the U.S. State Department, including Barack Obama’s Foreign Policy three years as U.S. ambassador to Ukraine (1998–2000). Michael E. O’Hanlon is a senior fellow and director of research in Foreign Policy at the Brookings Institution, where he holds the Sydney Stein Martin S. Indyk, Kenneth G. Lieberthal, and Jr. Chair in International Security. He has numerous books to his credit, including Bending History: Michael E. O’Hanlon The Foreign Policy of Barack Obama, written with Martin Indyk and Kenneth Lieberthal (Brookings, See page 44 for description. 2012), and The Science of War (Princeton, 2009). A Brookings FOCUS Book cloth, 978-0-8157-2182-6, $29.95t / £20.99 November, 5 ½ x 8 ½, 160 pp., cloth, 978–0–8157–2429–2, $24.95t / £16.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2183-3, $29.95 / £20.99 ebook, 978–0–8157–2430–8, $24.95t / £16.99

2 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

Mr. Putin Operative in the Kremlin

Fiona Hill and Clifford G. Gaddy

ho is Vladimir Putin? As Russia’s dominant political figure for more than a decade, observers have variously described him as a “man from Wnowhere”—a man with no face, substance, or soul. Like the English cartoon character Mr. Benn, Mr. Putin constantly assumes new guises—his public relations team has orchestrated his images as big-game hunter to scuba diver, from biker to nightclub crooner. But in this book, Russia experts Fiona Hill and Clifford Gaddy reveal Putin as a man of many and complex identities, a man more intricate and multifaceted than he wants the world to believe he is.

Drawing on many sources, including their own personal encounters, Hill and Gaddy argue that there are, in fact, several “real” Putins. His outlook has been shaped by many influences—his early life, a close reading of Russian history and literature, his KGB training, his time in East Germany, his experiences in St. Petersburg in the 1990s, his first role in Moscow as the “operative” brought in from outside to help control Russia’s oligarchs, and his time at the helm of the Russian state. A Brookings FOCUS Book Understanding Putin’s multidimensional nature is essential for policymakers trying • Major publicity campaign with print and to decide how to approach and interact with him. The effort to grasp such an evasive broadcast media figure makes for fascinating reading. • Advertising: New York Review of Books; Foreign Affairs; The Atlantic While uncovering the many real identities of Putin, the authors concentrate on six essential ones: Putin the Statist, the History Man, the Survivalist, the Outsider, the • Radio tour “Free Marketeer,” and the Case Officer. They explain what each identity is, its evolu- • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, tion, and its significance for understanding the Russian leader. Hill and Gaddy also Twitter, Brookings UpFront blog examine the nature of the political system Putin has built, explaining it as a logical • Author appearances result of these identities. • Galleys

Vladimir Putin has an idealized view of himself as CEO of “Russia, Inc.” But he has not • Launch event in Washington, D.C. been leading a transparent public corporation; rather, he runs a closed boardroom in a privately held corporation, not answerable to shareholders. The system is personalized and informal; “persuasion” comes by way of threats rather than incentives. But now that his corporation seems to be in crisis, with political protests marking Mr. Putin’s OF RELATED INTEREST return to the presidency in 2012, will the CEO be held accountable for its failings? The Siberian Curse Fiona Hill is director of the Center on the United States and Europe at the Brookings Institution, How Communist Planners Left Russia where she is the Stephen and Barbara Friedman Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy. From 2006 to Out in the Cold 2009, she served as the national intelligence officer for Russia and Eurasia at the U.S. National Fiona Hill and Clifford G. Gaddy Intelligence Council. Clifford G. Gaddy, an economist specializing in Russia, is a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy and Global Economy and Development programs at Brookings. Hill and Gaddy are paper, 978-0-8157-3645-5, $22.95 / £15.99 coauthors of The Siberian Curse (Brookings, 2003). ebook, 978-0-8157-9618-3, $22.95 / £15.99

September, 5 ½ x 8 ½, 150 pp. Bending History cloth, 978-0-8157-2376-9, $24.95t / £16.99 Barack Obama’s Foreign Policy ebook, 978-0-8157-2377-6, $24.95 / £16.99 Martin S. Indyk, Kenneth G. Lieberthal, and Michael E. O’Hanlon See page 44 for description. A Brookings FOCUS Book cloth, 978-0-8157-2182-6, $29.95t / £20.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2183-3, $29.95 / £20.99

FALL 2012 3 NEW BOOKS

Uncharted Strait The Future of China-Taiwan Relations

Richard C. Bush

he future of the Taiwan Strait is more wide open than at any other time in recent decades. Tensions between China and Taiwan have eased since 2008, Tbut the movement toward full rapprochement remains fragile. Whether the two sides of the Strait can sustain and expand a cooperative relationship after decades of mutual distrust and fear is still uncertain.

In Uncharted Strait Richard Bush, who specialized in Taiwan issues during almost twenty years in the U.S. government, explains the current state of relations between China and Taiwan. He discusses what led to the current situation and then extrapo- lates the likely future of cross-Strait relations. Bush also explains America’s stake, analyzing possible ramifications for U.S. interests in the critically important East Asia region as well as recommending steps to protect those interests.

Current engagement between Beijing and Taipei increases the likelihood of a peaceful long-term solution to their six-decade dispute. Whether, when, and how • Major publicity campaign with print and broadcast media that might happen, however, is shrouded in uncertainty. The Taiwan Strait is now uncharted water, and both shores worry about the shoals that may lurk below the • Advertising: New York Review of Books; Foreign Affairs; Perspective on Politics surface. China still fears the island’s permanent separation, either because it makes • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, an overt move to de jure independence or continues to refuse unification on Beijing’s Twitter, Brookings UpFront blog terms. Taiwan fears subordination to an authoritarian regime, an adversary from the • Author appearances past that may not have its best interests at heart. And the United States fears instability in East Asia. • Launch event in Washington, D.C. Contents 1. Introduction 7. Security Stabilization 2. Historical Context 8. PRC Pressure 3. Political Context 9. Ma’s Second Term 4. Setting the Analytical Stage 10. Can Taiwan Strengthen Itself? 5. Economic Stabilization 11. Implications for the United States 6. Political Stabilization

Praise for the work of Richard Bush “Perils of Proximity is a superb blend of synthesis and analysis that will appeal to both specialists and lay readers. A significant addition to the field!” —Dr. David M. Finkelstein, Vice President, Center for Naval Analyses

With Untying the Knot, “Richard Bush has written the most comprehensive English-language account of the vicissitudes of cross-Strait relations.” —Pacific Affairs OF RELATED INTEREST Richard C. Bush holds the Michael H. Armacost Chair at the Brookings Institution, where he directs The Perils of Proximity the Center for Northeast Asian Policy Studies. He was chairman and managing director of the China–Japan Security Relations American Institute in Taiwan, America’s de facto Taipei embassy, 1997–2002. Richard C. Bush November, 6 x 9, 450 pp. cloth, 978-0-8157-0474-4, $32.95 / £22.99 cloth, 978-0-8157-2384-4, $36.95 / £25.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-0477-5, $32.95 / £22.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2385-1, $36.95 / £25.99

4 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

Star Spangled Security Applying Lessons Learned Over Six Decades Safeguarding America

Harold Brown with Joyce Winslow

ormer U.S. secretary of defense Harold Brown served during the hottest part of the Cold War when the Soviet Union presented an existential threat to America. FIn Star Spangled Security, Dr. Brown, one of the most respected wise men of American foreign policy, gives an insider’s view of U.S. national security strategy during the Carter administration, relates lessons learned, and bridges them to current challenges facing America.

Brown describes his part in the SALT negotiations, the normalization of relations with China, the Camp David Accords, the development of a new generation of ballistic missiles, and more. Drawing on his earlier years as the director of the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, as director of defense research and engineering, as Air Force secretary, and as president of Caltech, Brown uses his hard-won wisdom, especially during the painful Iran hostage crisis, to offer specific recommendations and key questions to ponder as America copes with challenges in a turbulent world. • Advertising: New York Review of Books; Foreign Affairs; Perspectives on Politics Highly readable, this book is for anyone wishing to better understand the debates • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, about defense and its budget, its effect on the entire economy and America’s rela- Twitter tionship with allies during conflict and peace. Brown’s access to the leading forces in • Galleys national security over 60 years spans five presidents, giving the reader entrée into the inner circle of decisionmakers.

Since leaving public office, Brown has served on the boards of directors of a dozen corporations. His unique economic, military, research, university, and government experience—at the top of all institutions he served—makes his a voice well worth heeding.

For example, he draws from experience with the Camp David Accords to make recommendations on Israel and Iran. He uses America’s mistakes in Vietnam to illustrate the policies to consider in Iraq and Afghanistan. He brings us up-to-date on China and how its ambitions could lead to armed conflict with the U.S. OF RELATED INTEREST Dr. Harold Brown was the U.S. secretary of defense from 1977 to 1981. Joyce Winslow is a Washington journalist and prize-winning fiction author whose stories appear in the Best American Campaign 2012 Short Story collection. She interviewed Brown over six months to distill his remarkable career into Twelve Independent Ideas for Improving a bridge for the future. American Public Policy

October, 6 x 9, 250 pp. Benjamin Wittes, ed. cloth, 978-0-8157-2382-0, $28.95t / £19.99 See page 44 for description. ebook, 978-0-8157-2383-7, $28.95 / £19.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2198-7, $26.95t / £18.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2199-4, $26.95 / £18.99

FALL 2012 5 NEW BOOKS

Whatever Happened to the Washington Reporters, 1978–2012 Stephen Hess

n 1981, Brookings published The Washington Reporters, the first entry in Stephen Hess’s Newswork series. Hess has come full circle with this, the seventh and final INewswork title, in which he follows up on the 450 reporters surveyed in 1978 for the original book. Thirty-five years is a long time, and a lot has changed. Hess fully capitalizes on this unique opportunity to reveal a great deal about reporters, journalism, and how we get our news.

This is not a “Class of ’78” in the sense of a group entering college together. The respondents have an age spread of more than a half-century. What they have in common is that at a certain moment in time they all were based in Washington, working for U.S. commercial news organizations, covering national government. The group includes a number of eminent journalists, including television reporters such as Ted Koppel, Brit Hume, Marvin Kalb, and Judy Woodruff. Others would leave Washington to become the editors of such prestigious newspapers as the New York • Major publicity campaign with print and Times, Chicago Tribune, and Los Angeles Times. broadcast media Whatever happened to . . .? To answer this question, Hess and his team tracked down • Advertising: New York Review of Books; Perspectives on Politics ninety percent of the original group, interviewing 283 or otherwise relying on obitu- • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, aries. How many stayed in journalism? Did they rise in their organizations? Change Twitter, Brookings UpFront Blog jobs? Move from reporter to editor? Did they jump from one medium to another? • Video interviews online Did they remain in Washington? How many left journalism altogether? • Launch events in Washington, D.C. The book is designed as a series of discrete, self-contained essays, each concentrating • Extra publicity push from George on a certain characteristic, such as age or gender or race or place of employment (e.g., Washington University the New York Times and television networks). In addition to being lively and fascinating in their own right, the updated profiles provide unique insights into the career patterns of professional journalists, a subject surrounded by considerable misinformation.

Hess concludes with a chapter that measures journalism’s dropout rate—those who leave sooner rather than later; those who leave journalism in mid-career; and those who are lifetime journalists. Why do some leave and others stay? The results differ markedly from what journalists and sociologists told us to expect.

Stephen Hess is a senior fellow emeritus in Governance Studies at the Brookings Institution and formerly Distinguished Research Professor of Media and Public Affairs at George Washington University. He was a young speechwriter in the Eisenhower White House and returned to the White House to work with Presidents Nixon and Carter. He also advised the presidential transition teams of Reagan and Clinton. His numerous books include Through Their Eyes: Foreign Correspondents in the United States (Brookings, 2005) and Organizing the Presidency, with James Pfiffner (Brookings, 3d edition in 2002).

September, 6 x 9, 200 pp. cloth, 978-0-8157-2386-8, $29.95 / £20.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2388-2, $29.95 / £20.99

6 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

What So Proudly We Hailed Essays on the Contemporary Meaning of the War of 1812

Pietro S. Nivola and Peter J. Kastor, eds.

ith Congress divided along party lines, the U.S. government goes to war, without adequately preparing either the means to finance the conflict or Wthe capabilities needed to achieve its aims. The executive branch suffers from in-fighting. The military invades a foreign nation, expecting to be treated as liberators. The entire endeavor winds down to a seemingly inconclusive ending. Sound familiar? This all started two hundred years ago.

What So Proudly We Hailed looks at the War of 1812 in part through the lens of 21st century America. On the bicentennial of that formative yet misunderstood period in American history, this provocative book asks, among other questions: What did America learn—and what did it not learn—from the experience? How did it help shape a nation?

By 2003, America was waging two wars at once, at vast expense. Neither was financed by tax increases, but instead with borrowed money—much like in 1812, • Advertising: New York Review of Books; when the “Republican” party’s reluctance to use the government’s taxing power Choice; The Atlantic led to expanded debt and inadequate funding for the war effort. • Electronic outreach: Facebook, Twitter, Partisan animosity in 1812 surpassed today’s rancor, teaching us the danger of hyper- Brookings UpFront blog partisanship as well as the less obvious tendency of the party system to adapt and • Launch events in Baltimore–Washington, realign: The Federalist-Republican competition that dominated early U.S. politics D.C., area dissipated in the war’s aftermath. We take today’s partisan divide as a given, but in time that too is likely to pass.

Contents 1. Pulitzer-winning historian Alan Taylor (The Civil War of 1812) examines the war’s sectional tensions and the implications for American nationalism. 2. Historian Peter J. Kastor discusses how 1812–15 affected state-federal relations. 3. Author Stephen Budiansky (Perilous Fight) explores the military legacy. 4. Pietro Nivola assesses the keen partisan rivalry of the early 1800s and what it can tell us about today’s strife. 5. Benjamin Wittes and Ritika Singh of Brookings investigate constitutional frictions, particularly regarding presidential power and civil liberties.

Pietro S. Nivola is a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, where he holds the Douglas C. Dillon Chair in Governance Studies. He coedited (with David Brady) both volumes of Red and Blue Nation (Brookings/Hoover Institution, 2006 and 2008). Peter J. Kastor is an associate professor of history at Washington University in St. Louis. He is author of The Nation’s Crucible: The Louisiana Purchase and the Creation of America (Yale, 2004).

December, 6 x 9, 175 pp. cloth, 978-0-8157-2414-8, $27.95 / £18.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2415-5, $27.95 / £18.99

FALL 2012 7 NEW BOOKS

Education Governance for the Twenty-First Century Overcoming the Structural Barriers to School Reform

Paul Manna and Patrick McGuinn, eds.

merica’s fragmented, decentralized, politicized, and bureaucratic system of education governance is a major impediment to school reform. In this impor- Atant new book, a number of leading education scholars, analysts, and practitioners show that understanding the impact of specific policy changes in areas such as standards, testing, teachers, or school choice requires careful analysis of the broader governing arrangements that influence their content, implementation, and impact.

Education Governance for the Twenty-First Century comprehensively assesses the strengths and weaknesses of what remains of the old in education governance, scrutinizes how traditional governance forms are changing, and suggests how governing arrangements might be further altered to produce better educational outcomes for children.

Paul Manna, Patrick McGuinn, and their colleagues provide the analysis and alterna- • Advertising: Perspectives on Politics tives that will inform attempts to adapt nineteenth and twentieth century governance structures to the new demands and opportunities of today. • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, Twitter, Brookings UpFront blog, webcasts Contents • Promotional assistance from the Thomas • Who Leads When Everyone Is in • Federal Role and Challenges of B. Fordham Institute and the Center for American Progress Charge? McGuinn / Manna Governance in Performance-Based Federalism, Kenneth Wong The Problem (Brown University) • The Failures of U.S. Education Governance Today, Chester E. Finn Jr. / Lessons from Other Nations and Sectors Michael J. Petrilli (Fordham Institute) • English Perspectives, Sir Michael Barber (Pearson) • How the Current Governance of Education Inhibits Better Uses of • Education Governance in Comparative Paul Manna is associate professor in the Resources, Marguerite Roza (University Perspective, Michael Mintrom Department of Government and the Thomas of Washington) (Monash University) / Richard Walley Jefferson Program in Public Policy at the College (New Zealand Ministry of Education) of William and Mary. Patrick McGuinn is an asso- • Governance Challenges to Innovators ciate professor of political science and education within the System, Michelle R. Davis • Governance Lessons from Health Care at Drew University. (Education Week) and the Environment, Barry Rabe (University of Michigan) Copublished with the Thomas B. Fordham • Governance Challenges to Innovators Institute and the Center for American outside the System, Steven F. Wilson Paths Forward Progress (Ascend Learning) • Toward a Coherent and Fair Funding System, Cynthia G. Brown (CAP) November, 6 x 9, 368 pp. Traditional Institutions in Flux paper, 978–0–8157–2394–3, $32.95 / £22.95 • The End of Educational Exceptionalism, • Picturing a Different Governance ebook, 978–0–8157–2395–0, $32.95 / £22.95 Jeffrey Henig (Columbia University) Structure, Paul Hill (University of Washington) • Rethinking District Governance, Frederick Hess (AEI) / Olivia Meeks • Governance Reform: From Theory to (D.C. Public Schools) Results, Kenneth Meier (Texas A&M) • Interstate Governance of Standards • The Tall Task and National Imperative and Testing, Kathryn McDermott of Education Governance Reform, (U Mass-Amherst) McGuinn / Manna

8 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

State and Local Pensions What’s Next?

Alicia H. Munnell

n the wake of the financial crisis and Great Recession, the health of state and local pension plans has emerged as a front burner policy issue. Elected officials, Iacademic experts, and the media alike have pointed to funding shortfalls with alarm, expressing concern that pension promises are unsustainable or will squeeze out other pressing government priorities. A few local governments have even filed for bankruptcy, with pensions cited as a major cause.

Alicia H. Munnell draws on both her practical experience and prior research to provide a broad perspective on the challenge of state and local pensions. She shows that the story is big and complicated and cannot be viewed through a narrow prism such as accounting methods or the role of unions. By examining the diversity of the public plan universe, Munnell debunks the notion that all plans are in trouble. In fact, she finds that, while a few plans are basket cases, many are functioning reasonably well.

The analysis concludes that the plans in serious trouble need a major overhaul. But • Advertising: Journal of Economic Literature; even the relatively healthy plans face three challenges ahead: an excessive concen- Perspectives on Politics tration of plan assets in equities; the risk that steep benefit cuts for new hires will • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, Twitter, harm workforce quality; and the constraints plans face in adjusting future benefits Brookings UpFront Blog, webcasts for current employees. State and Local Pensions proposes solutions that preserve the • Launch event in Boston main strengths of state and local pensions while promoting needed reforms. • Extra publicity push from Boston College

Praise for Alicia Munnell and Steven Sass, Working Longer “[One] of the most valuable financial-planning books that came out in 2008.” —Wall Street Journal

“Munnell and Sass define succinctly the problem faced by baby boomers, and for that matter, by all Americans who aspire to retire now or in the near future.” —New York Times

Alicia H. Munnell is the Peter F. Drucker Professor of Management Sciences, Carroll School of Management, and director of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College. She has served as assistant secretary of the Treasury for economic policy and as a member of the President’s Council of Economic Advisers. She was also cofounder and first president of the National Academy of Social Insurance. Munnell has written or edited numerous books, including Brookings titles Working Longer: The Solution to the Retirement Income Challenge with Steven Sass (2008) and Coming Up Short: The Challenge of 401(k) Plans (2004), written with Annika Sunden.

October, 6 x 9, 240 pp. cloth, 978-0-8157-2412-4, $29.95 / £20.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2413-1, $29.95 / £20.99

FALL 2012 9 NEW BOOKS

Confronting Suburban Poverty in America Elizabeth Kneebone and Alan Berube

t has been nearly a half century since President Lyndon Johnson declared his War on Poverty, setting in motion development of America’s modern safety net. Back Iin the 1960s, tackling poverty “in place” meant focusing resources in the inner city and in isolated rural areas. The suburbs were home to middle- and upper-class families—affluent commuters and homeowners who did not want to raise kids in the city. But the America of 2012 is a very different place. Poverty is no longer just an urban or rural problem but increasingly a suburban one as well.

In Confronting Suburban Poverty in America, Elizabeth Kneebone and Alan Berube take on the new reality of metropolitan poverty and opportunity in America. For decades, suburbs added poor residents at a faster pace than cities, so that suburbia is now home to more poor residents than central cities, composing over a third of the nation’s total poor population. Unfortunately, the antipoverty infrastructure built over the past several decades does not fit this rapidly changing geography. The solution no longer fits the problem. Kneebone and Berube explain the source and impact of these important developments; moreover, they present innovative ideas James Johnson Metro Series on addressing them. • Includes detailed maps The spread of suburban poverty has many causes, including job sprawl, shifts in • Advertising: New York Review of Books; The American Prospect; Perspectives on affordable housing, population dynamics, immigration, and a struggling economy. Politics; local radio It raises a number of daunting challenges, such as the need for more (and better) • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, transportation options, services, and financial resources. But necessity also produces Twitter, Brookings UpFront blog, webcasts opportunity—in this case, the opportunity to rethink and modernize services, struc- • Author appearances tures, and procedures so that they better reflect and address new demands. This • Major launch event in Washington, D.C. book embraces that opportunity. The authors put forward a series of workable recommendations for public, private, and nonprofit leaders seeking to modernize poverty alleviation and community development strategies and connect residents with economic opportunity. They describe and evaluate ongoing efforts in metro areas where local leaders are learning OF RELATED INTEREST how to do more with less and adjusting their approaches to address the metropolitan scale of poverty—for example, collaborating across sectors and jurisdictions, The Metropolitan Revolution using data and technology in innovative ways, and integrating services and service Building the Next Economy from the Ground Up delivery. Kneebone and Berube combine clear prose, original thinking, and illustra- Bruce Katz and Jennifer Bradley tive graphics to paint a new picture of poverty in America as well as the best ways See page 45 for description. to combat it. A Brookings FOCUS Book cloth, 978-0-8157-2151-2, $24.95t / £16.99 Elizabeth Kneebone is a senior research associate at the Metropolitan Policy program at the ebook, 978-0-8157-2152-9, $24.95 / £16.99 Brookings Institution. Before joining Brookings, she worked as a research project manager for the Illinois Facilities Fund. Alan Berube is a senior fellow and research director with the Metropolitan From Despair to Hope Policy program. Before joining Brookings in 2001, he was a policy adviser for the U.S. Department Hope VI and the Promise of Public Housing of the Treasury. in America’s Cities Henry Cisneros and Lora Engdahl, eds. January, 6 x 9, 184 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2390-5, $29.95 / £20.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2390-5, $28.95 / £19.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-0190-3, $29.95 / £20.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2391-2, $28.95 / £19.99

10 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

Diversity Explosion How New Racial Demographics Are Remaking America

William H. Frey

ajor racial and ethnic changes are sweeping the United States, monumental shifts that will leave deep footprints for years. An aging white population is Mjuxtaposed with new minority groups showing robust growth, as Hispanic and Asian groups now account for all the growth in the nation’s youth population. As this younger multi-ethnic generation grows up, the nation’s labor force and elector- ate will be transformed.

In Diversity Explosion eminent demographer William Frey combines user-friendly graphics and maps with authoritative yet accessible analysis to paint a detailed and illuminating picture of where America’s racial demography is headed and what it means for the nation’s future.

Traditional patterns have largely reversed. The Great Migration northward has been replaced with a southward shift so significant that several northern and western states are experiencing net losses in African American population, while that group’s • Includes detailed maps presence in the suburbs grows as never before. The south, then, is becoming more multi-ethnic as are America’s suburbs. While great change is afoot, however, it would • Advertising: New York Review of Books; Perspectives on Politics; The Atlantic be overly simplistic to characterize the United States as a “melting pot in waiting.” Although some racial lines are blurring, other race-and-space divisions persist. • Print and broadcast media For example, there exists a clear distinction between large, primarily coastal met- • Major electronic outreach: Facebook, Twitter, Brookings UpFront blog ropolitan regions that have been mainstay communities for Hispanics and Asians and more recent destinations where these groups are receiving a mixed reception. • Launch event in Washington, D.C. Another important demographic subset is those slow-growing, aging, largely white areas in the middle of the country where new minority presence remains small.

Drawing from these generational and geographic shifts, the book examines other dimensions of race relations in America including neighborhood segregation, mixed- race marriages, and the political ramifications in different parts of the country.

Contents 1. A Pivotal Period for Racial Change 8. Melting Pot Cities and Suburbs 2. Old versus Young: Cultural 9. Neighborhood Segregation-Delayed Generation Gaps Declines 3. America’s New Racial Map 10. Mixed-Race Marriages and 4. Hispanics Fan Out: Who Goes Where? Multicultural America 5. Asians in America: Where They 11. Race and Politics: Red, Blue, and OF RELATED INTEREST Matter Most Purple States 6. The Great Migration in Reverse 12. New Racial Demographics and the America’s New Swing Region Nation’s Future Changing Politics and Demographics in 7. Zero-Sum Game: White Gains the Mountain West and Losses Ruy Teixeira, ed. William H. Frey is a senior fellow in the Metropolitan Policy program at the Brookings Institution and See page 44 for description. Research Professor in Population Studies at the University of Michigan. An internationally regarded paper, 978-0-8157-2286-1, $28.95 / £19.99 demographer, his research has been written about in The Economist, New Yorker, and New York ebook, 978-0-8157-2287-8, $28.95 / £19.99 Times Magazine, and he is a frequent commentator on broadcast media

January, 6 x 9, 224 pp. cloth, 978-0-8157-2398-1, $29.95 / £20.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2399-8, $29.95 / £20.99

FALL 2012 11 NEW BOOKS

Government’s Greatest Investigations Congress, President, and the Search for Answers 1945–2012

Paul C. Light

residential and congressional investigations are particularly powerful tools for asking tough questions about highly visible, often complex government break- Pdowns. In this insightful work, Paul Light, one of America’s premier authorities on public service and management, provides a deep assessment of what he has identified as the federal government’s one hundred most significant investigations since World War II.

The findings and impact of Light’s top one hundred vary nearly as much as the range of topics they covered, including communist infiltration of government and the Sputnik launch during the 1950s, the Ku Klux Klan and Vietnam War during the 1960s; Watergate and Central Intelligence Agency abuses during the 1970s; the Social Security crisis, Challenger disaster, and the Iran-Contra scheme during the 1980s; the back-to-back sieges at Waco and Ruby Ridge and Bill Clinton’s impeachment in the 1990s; and the 9/11 attacks, collapse of Enron, and the financial meltdown in the 2000s.

Government’s Greatest Investigations provides a deep history and analysis of these investigations, providing rare insight into why some great investigations succeeded, while others failed, and what investigators can do to increase the odds that their work will pay off in improved government performance and more effective public policy.

Informed by a deep reading of investigatory histories, numerous interviews with leg- islators, commission members, and leading scholars, as well as his own experience and original research, Light undertakes his own search for answers to a long list of questions about how each of these investigations performed. Was the investigation visible and well led? Was it serious and thorough? Did it involve a particularly controversial issue or a powerful public figure? Were investigators given enough freedom to pursue their goals? Did they forge the bipartisanship so often associated with what he calls the “good investigation?” And most important, what are the most important drivers of ultimate impact? Light’s analysis will inform practitioners and O f rELATED interest observers of government on what drives impact in the American system.

The Search for Social Entrepreneurship Praise for the work of Paul Light Paul C. Light [With A Government Ill Executed,] Paul Light has made a major contribution to rethinking federal cloth, 978-0-8157-5210-3, $46.95 / £30.99 bureaucracy at a crucial time in its evolution.”—Newt Gingrich paper, 978-0-8157-5211-0, $26.95 / £15.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-0159-0, $26.95 / £15.99 Paul C. Light is the Paulette Goddard Professor of Public Service at New York University’s Robert F. Wagner School of Public Service. He is the author of numerous successful books including Ports in a Storm A Government Ill-Executed (Harvard) and Driving Social Change: How to Solve the World’s Greatest Public Management in a Turbulent World Problems (Wiley). His Brookings books include Government’s Greatest Achievements (2002) and John D. Donahue and Mark H. Moore, eds. The Search for Social Entrepreneurship (2008). Copublished with the Ash Center for Democratic Copublished with the Governance Institute Governance and Innovation, Harvard Kennedy School December, 6 x 9, 250 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2237-3, $28.95 / £19.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2268-7, $29.95 / £20.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2238-0, $28.95 / £19.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2269-4, $29.95 / £20.99

12 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

Nn ew i pAPERBACK Nn ew i pAPERBACK The Pursuit of Happiness Haunting Legacy An Economy of Well-Being Vietnam and the American Presidency from Carol Graham Ford to Obama Marvin Kalb and Deborah Kalb n The Pursuit of Happiness, Carol IGraham explores what we know n Haunting Legacy, the father- about the determinants of happiness Idaughter journalist team of Marvin and clearly presents both the promise Kalb and Deborah Kalb presents a and the potential pitfalls of injecting compelling, accessible, and hugely the “economics of happiness” into important history of presidential public policymaking. While the book decisionmaking on one crucial issue: spotlights the innovative contribu- in light of the Vietnam debacle, under tions of happiness research to the what circumstances should the United dismal science, it also raises a cau- States go to war? tionary note about the issues that still need to be addressed before policy- Praise for the hardcover edition makers can make best use of them. “What a terrific book! Scrupulously researched and beautifully told, Haunting Praise for the hardcover edition Legacy proves that try as they might, our “With great care and judgment, Graham clearly explains the complexities of past seven presidents have—one after the next—failed to exorcize the defining, measuring, and targeting happiness in economic policy while still ghost of Vietnam. . . . It’s a fresh look at late 20th/early 21st Century urging us to persevere. . . . A consummate work of scholarship.” American history.” —Jeffrey D. Sachs, director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University —Lesley Stahl, correspondent for 60 Minutes

“The book is well written and very accessible, and is immaculately researched, “The Vietnam debacle continues to haunt America’s political leaders, avoiding bias and imbalance. . . . Far from being a ‘dismal science,’ Graham military men, and population. Marvin and Deborah Kalb’s account of this provides much reason for optimism for those people involved in this bur- phenomenon is studiously researched, vividly narrated and, above all, geoning field of economics.” highly readable. It will stand as a major contribution to the subject. —World Economics —Stanley Karnow, author of Vietnam: A History, winner of the Pulitzer Prize in History “As acceptance of social science research on happiness continues to grow, a new question has naturally surged to the fore: Should happiness be a goal of “This is great narrative history and biography combined to create public policy? In this eloquently written celebration of a new science, Carol informative case studies.” Graham provides valuable new insight into the pros and cons of this issue.” —Walter Isaacson, president and CEO of the Aspen Institute —Richard A. Easterlin, university professor and professor of economics, “In a compelling and totally accessible book the Kalbs (father and daughter) University of Southern California show how profoundly America’s defeat in Vietnam has affected one U.S. “Since 1776 the ‘pursuit of happiness’ has been the great world question. administration after another, over the course of the past thirty-six years. Here, reflecting on modern survey techniques and results, Carol Graham If you wonder whether Vietnam still matters, it does. Read this book and drills deeper. . . . [She] is opening up a whole new frontier in economic discover why and how.” and social policy.” —Ted Koppel, anchor of ABC’s Nightline for twenty-five years

—George Akerlof, 2001 Nobel Laureate in Economics “A clear-eyed look at the Vietnam War’s fateful consequences—especially subsequent wars—up until the present in Afghanistan. It could not be a Carol Graham is a senior fellow in Global Economy and Development more timely and thoughtful contribution to the literature.” and Charles Robinson Chair in Foreign Policy at the Brookings Institution. —Jamie Stiehm, Huffington Post She is also College Park Professor at the University of Maryland’s School of Public Policy. Her previous books include Happiness around the World: The Paradox of Happy Peasants and Miserable Millionaires (Oxford Marvin Kalb is the Edward R. Murrow Professor of Practice (Emeritus) at University Press) and Happiness and Hardship: Opportunity and Insecurity Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government and founding director of the in New Market Economies, with Stefano Pettinato (Brookings). Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy. His distinguished journalism career covers thirty years of award-winning A Brookings FOCUS book reporting and commentary for CBS and NBC News, including stints as bureau chief in Moscow and host of Meet the Press. Deborah Kalb, a August, 5 ½ x 8 ½, 164 pp. freelance writer and editor, worked as a journalist in Washington for paper, 978-0-8157-2404-9, $18.95 / £12.99 two decades, including writing for Gannett News Service, Congressional ebook, 978-0-8157-2128-4, $18.95 / £12.99 Quarterly, U.S. News & World Report, and The Hill.

September, 6 x 9, 364 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2389-9, $19.95t / £13.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2132-1, $19.95 / £13.99

FALL 2012 13 NEW BOOKS

Previously announced Strife and Progress In the Name of Justice Portfolio Strategies for Managing Urban Schools Striving for the Rule of Law in China Paul T. Hill, Christine Campbell, and Betheny Gross

He Weifang eficient urban schooling remains one of America’s most Foreword by John L. Thornton Introduction by Cheng Li Dpressing—and stubborn—public policy problems. This important new book details and evaluates a radical and promising new f all the issues sparked by China’s approach to K-12 education reform. Strife and Progress explains Otransformation, development of for a broad audience the “portfolio strategy” for providing urban the legal system is arguably the most education—its rationale, implementation, and results. Under the consequential. The social unrest of portfolio strategy, cities use anything that works, indifferent to recent years and the growing ten- whether schools are run by the public district or private entities. sion between China’s interest groups It combines traditional modes of schooling with newer methods, underscore the urgency of developing including chartering and experimentation with schools making a sound and sustainable legal system. innovative use of people and technology. Urban districts try to make themselves magnets for new talent, recruiting educators and In the Name of Justice presents a career switchers looking to make a difference for poor children. critical assessment of the state of Chinese legal reform by He Weifang, The portfolio strategy creates interesting new bedfellows: people the country’s leading liberal law who think that government should oversee public education align scholar. Professor He has been at the with those advocating choice, competition, and entrepreneurship. forefront of the country’s bumpy path toward justice and judicial It cuts across political lines and engages city governments and independence for more than a decade. In addition to presenting civic assets (e.g., philanthropies, businesses, universities) much a selection of Professor He’s academic writings, this volume also more deeply than earlier reform initiatives. New York and New includes many of his public speeches, media interviews, and open Orleans were portfolio pioneers, but the idea has spread rapidly letters, providing further insight into his dual roles as thinker and to cities as far-flung as Los Angeles, Denver, and Chicago. practitioner in the Chinese legal world. Results have been mixed overall but generally positive in places Among the volume’s many topics are judicial independence, that implemented the strategy most aggressively. Reform leaders judicial review, legal education, capital punishment, and the legal such as New York’s Joel Klein have been overly optimistic, how- protection of free speech and human rights. The author reviews ever, assuming that the strategy’s merits would be so obvious the evolution of Chinese traditional legal thought and compares that careful assessment would be unnecessary. Serious policy it to the path taken by other nations. evaluation is still needed.

A proponent of reform rather than revolution, He believes that Paul T. Hill is a research professor in the Daniel Evans School of Public the growing institutionalization of factional checks and bal- Policy at the University of Washington, where he served for eighteen ances within the Party leadership may represent important steps years as director of the Center on Reinventing Public Education (CRPE). toward democracy. In his view, only true constitutionalism can Christine Campbell is a senior research analyst at CRPE and director of its Portfolio School Districts Project. Hill and Campbell are coauthors of guarantee social justice and enduring stability for China. It Takes a City: Getting Serious about Urban School Reform (Brookings). Betheny Gross is a senior research analyst at CRPE. He Weifang, one of China’s most influential public intellectuals, is a professor of law at Peking University in Beijing and an expert on con- October, 6 x 9, 175 pp. stitutional development in China. John L. Thornton is chairman of the paper, 978-0-8157-2427-8, $28.95 / £19.99 board of trustees at the Brookings Institution and professor and director ebook, 978-0-8157-2428-5, $28.95 / £19.99 of global leadership at Tsinghua University. Cheng Li is a senior fellow in Foreign Policy and director of research at the John L. Thornton China Center at Brookings. Thornton Center Series on Chinese Thinkers The 2012 Brown Center Report August, 6 × 9, 230 pp. cloth, 978-0-8157-2290-8, $34.95 / £23.99 on American Education ebook, 978-0-8157-2291-5, $34.95 / £23.99 How Well Are American Students Learning?

he 2012 Brown Center Report on American Education distills T the results of studies to examine the state of education in the United States. In particular, the report focuses on education policy, student learning measures, trends on achievement test scores, and education reform outcomes.

2012, 8 ½ x 11, 36 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2410-0, $12.95 / £8.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2411-7, $12.95 / £8.99

14 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

Crisis Federalism Voices for Children How the Stimulus Reshaped Rhetoric and Public Policy Federal-State Relations William T. Gormley Jr. Tracy Gordon he United States spends more he recession of 2007–09 was Ton programs for the elderly than Tthe most severe downturn in it does on programs that enhance U.S. economic performance since child development and improve the Great Depression. Such a huge child welfare. Why has public policy problem triggered a huge response. neglected the development phase of The American Recovery and young Americans’ lives not only in Reinvestment Act of 2009—a.k.a. substantive dollars spent, but also in the Recovery Act or simply “the program design and implementation? stimulus”—injected more than $800 Noted child care and education policy billion into the moribund economy. expert William Gormley highlights the Not surprisingly it remains hugely portrayal of children’s issues in both controversial, but the law is not well the mass media and in public policy- understood. making to explain why children have gotten short shrift. A key explanation is the limited mass media Crisis Federalism examines ARRA through the lens of fiscal fed- coverage of strong arguments in support of children’s programs. eralism. The question of “who pays for what?” has bedeviled the nation for centuries. Tracy Gordon argues that the Recovery Act After documenting changes in rhetoric on children and public can teach us much about a proper balance of responsibilities policy over time and variations across policy domains and govern- among different levels of government. Subnational governments ment venues, Gormley demonstrates that some “issue frames” provide most of the public goods and services in America, so are more effective than others in persuading voters. In two ran- the federal government could not efficiently disburse funds for domized experiments, he finds that “economic” frames are more education, health, and welfare—areas targeted in the stimulus— effective than “moralistic” frames in generating public support for without mobilizing lower levels of governments. Thus more than children’s programs. Independent voters are especially respon- half of ARRA spending flowed through states, counties, cities, sive to economic frames. In several illuminating case studies, in and towns. Connecticut, Utah, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania, he finds that strong rhetoric makes a difference but that it is sometimes The Recovery Act provides a possible template for future inter- eclipsed by even stronger political and economic constraints. governmental cooperation. By targeting aid to the most afflicted and requiring extensive oversight and reporting, ARRA may have Voices for Children offers a fresh perspective on raging debates helped overcome the moral hazard concerns regarding federal over child health, child poverty, child welfare, and education aid. Whereas other writers have focused on ARRA’s impact on programs at the federal and state levels. It finds some hopeful jobs or economic output, Gordon emphasizes the role of state examples that could transform how we think about children’s and local governments, bringing the discussion down to where issues and the kinds of public policies we adopt. Americans interact with their governments. William T. Gormley Jr. is University Professor and professor of government and public policy at Georgetown University and codirector of the Tracy Gordon is a fellow in Economic Studies at the Brookings Institution. Previously she taught in the University of Maryland’s School of Public Center for Research on Children in the U.S. He is the author of several Policy and was a research fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California. books, including Organizational Report Cards with David Weimer and Bureaucracy and Democracy with Steven Balla. January, 6 x 9, 160 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2400-1, $27.95 / £18.99 October, 6 x 9, 224 pp. ebook, 978-0-8157-2401-8, $27.95 / £18.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2402-5, $24.95 / £16.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2403-2, $24.95 / £16.99

of rELATED interest

Investing in Children Work, Education, and Social Policy in Two Rich Countries Ariel Kalil, Ron Haskins, and Jenny Chesters, eds. See page 44 for description. paper, 978-0-8157-2202-1, $28.95 / £19.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2203-8, $28.95 / £19.99

FALL 2012 15 NEW BOOKS

Arab Society in Revolt Innovations in Scaling Up The West’s Mediterranean Challenge Development Impact Cesare Merlini and Olivier Roy, eds. Laurence Chandy, Akio Hosono, Homi Kharas, and Johannes Linn, eds. he Arab Spring of 2011 will be Tremembered as a period of isit any developing country and you will find governments, great change by the Arab states Vinternational donors, NGOs, and corporations involved in a of North Africa and the eastern range of innovative activities to address the needs of the poor. Mediterranean. Facing fundamen- Only a fraction of those that show promise at a localized level, tal transitions in governance, these however, will ever be replicated, expanded, and sustained to countries are also undergoing pro- achieve a transformative impact. Learning how to expand the found social, cultural, and religious reach of proven interventions so that they help larger numbers changes. The European Union and of poor people—“scaling up”—is a fundamental challenge facing the United States, caught unprepared the developing world. This book improves our understanding of by the uprisings, now must address how scaling up can be achieved and what the international com- the inescapable challenges of these munity can do to support the process. transformations. Arab Society in Remarkably little is understood of how to design scalable proj- Revolt explains and interprets the ects, the impediments to reaching scale, or the most appropri- societal transformations occurring in the Arab Muslim world, ate pathways for reaching that goal. To answer these questions, their ramifications for the West, and possible policy options for this book features a series of case studies drawn from both the dealing with this new world. public and private sectors to demonstrate how the scaling up of Expectations raised in the Arab squares are bound to have political services for the world’s poor can happen. By linking public and consequences sooner or later. How will the West respond to private experience, the authors argue that successful scaling up these new realities, particularly in light of international economic will not be achieved by either public or private sector efforts uncertainty, EU ambivalence toward a “cohesive foreign policy,” alone. Rather, it will require both public and private efforts and declining U.S. influence abroad? working together.

The first section of Arab Society in Revolt examines areas of This book demonstrates that the challenges to scaling up are change particularly relevant in the Southern Mediterranean: complex and various, but ultimately surmountable. It provides demography and migration, Islamic revival and democracy, rapidly an invaluable resource for development practitioners, analysts, changing roles of women in Arab society, the Internet in Arab soci- and students on a topic that remains largely unexplored and eties, commercial and social entrepreneurship as change factors, poorly understood. and the economics of Arab transitions. The second part looks at those cultural and religious as well as political and economic fac- Laurence Chandy, Homi Kharas, and Johannes Linn are scholars in the tors that have influenced the Western response, or the lack of one, Development Assistance and Governance Initiative at the Brookings Institution. Akio Hosono is the director of the Research Institute of the to the Arab Spring, as well as the policy options that remain open. Japanese International Cooperation Agency.

Cesare Merlini is a nonresident senior fellow at the Center on the United October, 6 x 9, 240 pp. States and Europe in the Foreign Policy program at Brookings and chair- paper, 978-0-8157-2419-3, $29.95 / £20.99 man of the board of trustees with the Italian Institute for International ebook, 978-0-8157-2420-9, $29.95 / £20.99 Affairs in Rome. Olivier Roy is professor at the European University Institute in Florence, directing the Mediterranean program at the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies and is a senior researcher at the French National Centre for Scientific Research.

August, 6 x 9, 250 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2396-7, $28.95 / £19.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2397-4, $28.95 / £19.99

OF RELATED INTEREST of rELATED interest

The Arab Awakening Catalyzing Development America and the Transformation A New Vision for Aid of the Middle East Homi Kharas, Koji Makino, and Kenneth M. Pollack and others Woojin Jung, eds. paper, 978-0-8157-2226-7, $26.95 / £18.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2133-8, $30.95 / £20.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2227-4, $26.95 / £18.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-0481-2, $30.95 / £20.99

16 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

The Resilient Sector The Politics and Civics Second edition of National Service Lester M. Salamon Lessons from the Civilian Conservation Corps, VISTA, and AmeriCorps oday America’s nonprofit sector, Tlong a critically important part Melissa Bass of the nation’s social and economic fabric, is more important than ever. n 1933 Franklin Roosevelt cre- Economic woes and cutbacks in Iated America’s first, largest, and public services have put additional most highly esteemed domestic burdens squarely on the nonprofit national service program: the Civilian sector’s shoulders, exacerbating the Conservation Corps. As part of the sector’s longstanding “conflicting CCC, Americans worked to rehabili- multiple identities” as not-for-profit tate, protect, and build the nation’s organizations operating in a for-profit natural resources. Despite its success, market economy, relying heavily on the CCC was short lived. Why did volunteers but expected to meet this program die while later, more often-exacting professional stan- controversial national service pro- dards—part of the private sector yet serving public purposes. grams, such as Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) and AmeriCorps, As Lester Salamon explains in his second edition of The Resilient survive? And why—given the hard- Sector, America’s nonprofit organizations are caught in a force won continuation and expansion of AmeriCorps—is national field, buffeted by four rather different impulses—voluntarism, service less available as an option today than it was in 1933? professionalism, civic activism, and commercialism—that are pull- ing it in rather different directions. In her new book, Melissa Bass focuses on the history, current relevance, and impact of domestic national service. She argues Understanding this force field and the factors shaping its dynam- that only by examining programs over time can we understand ics thus becomes essential to understanding the future of indi- national service’s successes and limitations, both in terms of its vidual organizations and of the nonprofit sector as a whole. To political support and its civic lessons. Based on extensive archival date, far too little attention has been paid to these developing and documentary research, supplemented with interviews, The tensions. Salamon explains how and why they developed and Politics and Civics of National Service provides the first detailed how they interact with one another in the ongoing battle for the policy history of VISTA and AmeriCorps and of America’s main soul of America’s nonprofits. national service programs taken together as a whole. Moreover, Bass furthers our understanding of twentieth-century Praise for the first edition American political development by comparing programs found- “An important book that will be of importance to many within the field.” ed during three distinct political eras—the New Deal, the Great —Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly Society, and the early Clinton years—and tracing them over time. To a remarkable extent, the CCC, VISTA, and AmeriCorps Lester M. Salamon is a professor at the Johns Hopkins University, where reflect the policymaking ethos and political controversies of he is director of the Center for Civil Society Studies and was founding their times, illuminating principles that hold well beyond the director of the Institute for Policy Studies. Acknowledged as one of the premier experts on the nonprofit sector in the U.S. and around the world, field of national service. he was written a number of books, including Partners in Public Service The Politics and Civics of National Service expertly evaluates the (Johns Hopkins University Press), Rethinking Corporate Social Engagement civic effects of national service policy in the context of political (Kumarian), and Tools of Government (Oxford). development in the United States. At the same time, by empha- November, 6 x 9, 120 pp. sizing the programs’ effects on citizenship and civic engagement, paper, 978-0-8157-2425-4, $19.95 / £13.99 this volume deepens our understanding of how programs can act ebook, 978-0-8157-2426-1, $19.95 / £13.99 as “public policy for democracy.”

OF RELATED INTEREST Melissa Bass is an assistant professor of Public Policy Leadership at the University of Mississippi.

The State of Nonprofit America December, 6 x 9, 260 pp. Second edition cloth, 978-0-8157-2380-6, $32.95 / £22.99 Lester M. Salamon, ed. ebook, 978-0-8157-2381-3, $32.95 / £22.99 paper, 978-0-8157-0330-3, $36.95 / £26.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-0466-9, $36.95 / £26.99

FALL 2012 17 NEW BOOKS

Inequality in America Affordable Excellence Facts, Trends and International Perspectives The Singapore Health Care System Uri Dadush, Kemal Derviş, Sarah Puritz Milsom, and Bennett Stancil William A. Haseltine

ncome inequality has been on the rise since the late 1970s, but he United States has been struggling with its health care sys- Ithe economic and financial crisis of 2008 instigated an unem- Ttem for decades. Costs continue to spiral upward, while cov- ployment epidemic that dramatically compounded this problem erage of the population has decreased because of job losses and in the United States and catapulted the issue to the center of the resultant loss of health benefits, due to the Great Recession debate. There is wide agreement across the political spectrum and the subsequent slow economic recovery. President Clinton’s that high inequality is contributing to undesirable circumstances attempt to enact a national health care plan failed, and the fate such as stagnated median household income, rising poverty of President Obama’s health care plan, under attack since its rates, and increased borrowing and debt; though there is much inception, is uncertain. less agreement on remedies. Since achieving independence, Singapore undertook the monu- Inequality in America provides a snapshot of the issues posed mental task of transforming itself to a modern, prosperous, by growing economic disparity, focusing particularly on America secure city-state. Many institutions needed to be erected to reach but drawing on international comparisons to help set the context. this goal, but one that stands out and is the subject of this book The authors examine the economic, technological, and political was the need for a world class health care system. Affordable drivers of inequality as well as identify worrying trends associ- Excellence examines how Singapore succeeded in its efforts, ated with its rise, making the issues surrounding income distribu- setting up a health system that has become one of the best in tion accessible to a wider public. the world, delivering high quality care at a fraction of the cost of most First World systems. Ranked 6th globally on performance, The authors, each affiliated with Brookings or the Carnegie Singapore spends less than 4% of GDP on health care (in contrast Endowment for International Peace, demonstrate how specific to the U.S., for example, which spends over 17% of GDP). factors have exacerbated income inequality, including technological change, international trade, changes in labor market How did Singapore do it? What can be learned from its achieve- participation, and the increasing role of the financial sector. ment? What lessons can be put to use by the developing, and the most-developed, nations building new health care systems? This “Tackling the worst effects of inequality and reestablishing a measure book provides answers. It explores the underlying social philoso- of equal opportunity requires increased investment in crucial public phy and basic approach that Singapore used to set up its system goods, beginning with education, a more progressive and simplified and, at the heart of the Singapore model, its system of health tax system, and increased international cooperation to avoid a race savings accounts and insurance programs that ensure no one to the bottom. Such policies are pursued by other high-performing would be without the means to buy quality care. advanced countries and can be shaped in a way that is fully consistent with an efficient and competitive American economy.” William Haseltine is currently chairman and president of ACCESS Health International, Inc. and chairman of the William A. Haseltine Foundation for Medical Sciences and the Arts. He is also the founder of several com- Contents panies, including Human Genome Sciences, where he served as chairman 1. Introduction and CEO. 2. The Increase of Inequality in the United States Copublished with the National University of Singapore Press 3. Three Other Worrying Trends Associated with Rising Inequality November, 6 x 9, 120 pp. 4. The Causes of Rising Inequality paper, 978-0-8157-2416-2, $22.95 / £15.99 5. Policy, Politics, and Inequality Not available through Brookings in Asia 6. What Can Be Done? 7. Concluding Remarks

Uri Dadush is a senior associate and the director of the International Economics Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Kemal Derviş is vice president and director of Global Economy and Development program at the Brookings Institution. Sarah Puritz Milsom is a research analyst in the Global Economy and Development program at the Brookings Institution. Bennett Stancil is a research assistant in the International Economics Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

August, 6 x 9, 100 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2421-6, $19.95 / £13.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2422-3, $19.95 / £13.99

18 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS

Financial Regionalism and the Nn ew i pAPERBACK International Monetary System Revised with a new preface Masahiro Kawai and Domenico Lombardi The East Moves West India, China, and Asia’s Growing Presence t the apex of the euro area crisis, the Europeans have estab- in the Middle East Alished a temporary regional fund (EFSF) and, later this year, will set a new, permanent regional institution (ESM). In Asia, poli- Geoffrey Kemp cymakers have been considering ways to strengthen their own financial arrangements to more effectively enable their region to ndustrial growth and economic cope with market pressures. Idevelopment are exploding in China and India. The world’s two Thus, while financial regionalism has become an increasingly most populous nations are the big- important area in the field of international financial relations, it gest reasons for Asia’s growing is not clear to what extent these regional initiatives could com- footprint on other global regions. pete (if at all) or complement the mission that the International The increasing size and impact of Monetary Fund discharges in the global financial system. that footprint are especially impor- Against the backdrop of the global economic crisis and the ongo- tant in the Middle East, an economic, ing euro crisis, a leading team of authors envisage how regional religious, and geopolitical linchpin. financing arrangements will affect not only regional members In this updated edition of The East within Asia, Europe, the Persian Gulf, or Latin America but also Moves West, Geoffrey Kemp details the global financial architecture as a whole. the growing interdependence of the Middle East and Asia and projects This comprehensive volume offers a touchstone for international the likely ramifications of this evolving relationship. and domestic policymakers, academics, and global experts by • assessing key political drivers in support for financial Praise for the hardcover edition regionalism and their sustainability in the foreseeable future, “A book of startling originality. Much is said about a ‘new’ Middle East, and here it is, India and China pushing westward into the Persian Gulf and the • evaluating the effectiveness of regional financial arrangements, Mediterranean. This is strategic and political analysis of the highest order.” • investigating the implications of an increasing number of —Fouad Ajami, professor and director of Middle East Studies, regional financial initiatives for the international monetary Johns Hopkins University system, “Kemp offers an effective and broad survey of the Asian-Middle East- • revisiting the historical relationship among regional financial America nexus which covers new ground and offers a wealth of informa- arrangements and the IMF. tion, data, and analysis. His book should benefit area specialists and policymakers who seek to understand the Asian role in the Middle East and Contributors include Jean Pisani-Ferry (Bruegel), Charles Wyplosz dynamics between rising powers and the quasi-hegemon.” (Institute for Graduate Studies, Geneva), Alessandro Leipold (Lisbon —Middle East Journal Council), Yu Yongding (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences), José Antonio Ocampo (Columbia University), James Boughton (IMF Historian, “Insightful and provocative. It is a pathbreaking analysis of major signifi- retired), Shinji Takagi (Osaka University), Chalongphob Sussangkarn cance and originality—not a lament about the decline of America or the (Thai Development Research Institute), Barry Eichengreen (University of end of Western ascendancy, but, rather, a sober wake up call to face a California–Berkeley), and Iwan Azis (ADB). new, and maybe enduring, feature of international politics. —Hisham Melhem, Washington bureau chief, Al-Arabiya news channel Masahiro Kawai is dean and CEO of the Asian Development Bank Institute. is a senior fellow in the Global Economy Domenico Lombardi “A rising Asia enters the Persian Gulf, with all that that implies. Nowhere and Development program at the Brookings Institution and president of is this development analyzed better than in this volume. . . . Timely, the Oxford Institute for Economic Policy. authoritative, and readable.” Copublished with the Asian Development Bank Institute —Shahram Chubin, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars

January, 6 x 9, 200 pp. Geoffrey Kemp is the director of Regional Strategic Programs at the paper, 978-0-8157-2405-6, $19.95 / £13.99 Center for the National Interest in Washington, D.C. He served in the ebook, 978-0-8157-2406-3, $19.95 / £13.99 White House under Ronald Reagan as special assistant to the president for National Security Affairs and senior director for Near East and South Asian Affairs on the National Security Council staff. Before his current position, he directed the Middle East Arms Control Project at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. He is coauthor of Strategic Geography and the Changing Middle East (Carnegie).

August, 6 x 9, 335 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2407-0, $24.95 / £16.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2431-5, $24.95 / £16.99

FALL 2012 19 NEW BOOKS | The Aspen Institute

Securing Cyberspace A New Domain for National Security

Nicholas Burns and Jonathon Price, eds. Foreword by Joseph S. Nye and Brent Scowcroft

ecuring Cyberspace provides an intensive exploration of the complexities of the emerging cyber threat, as well as the possibilities—and inherent Schallenges—of crafting effective domestic and international cyber policy. The authors explore topics such as the economic impact of cybercrime, cyber as a new dimension of warfare, the revolutionary potential of Internet freedom, and the future realities the United States will face in the new age of heightened Internet connectivity.

This is the latest in a series of policy books presenting innovative thinking on America’s most pressing national security challenges. The series stems from the Aspen Strategy Group’s annual workshop, a bipartisan meeting of top national security experts.

Contents Part 1: Cyberwars & Cyberterror: Part 3: Cybercrime: Implications for Understanding Cyberspace as a Business and the Economy New Battleground 5. The Cybersecurity Threat to 1. U.S. Cybersecurity: The Current Threat U.S. Growth and Prosperity and Future Challenges 6. Falling Prey to Cybercrime: Implications 2. Resilience, Disruption, and a “Cyber for Business and the Economy Westphalia”: Options for National Part 4: Cybersecurity and Its Tensions Security in a Cybered Conflict World with Internet Freedom Part 2: Cyber Policy: Regulating 7. Internet Freedom and Its Tensions Cyberspace with Cybersecurity 3. Eight Questions and Answers on 8. Internet Freedom and Political Change U.S. Cyber Statecraft Part 5: Cyberspace: New Policies and 4. Harnessing Leviathan: Internet a New Strategy Governance and Cybersecurity 9. A Path Forward for Cyber Defense and Security

Contributors include Robert Belk (Harvard University), Michael Chertoff (Chertoff Group), Chris C. Demchak (U.S. Naval War College), John Dowdy (McKinsey & Company), Richard Falkenrath (Chertoff Group), Richard Fontaine (Center for a New American Security), Melissa Hathaway (Hathaway Global Strategies LLC), Jason Healey (Atlantic Council), James A. Lewis (Center for Strategic and International Studies), John Michael McConnell (Booz Allen Hamilton), Joseph S. Nye (Harvard University), and Eric Rosenbach (Good Harbor Consulting).

Nicholas Burns is director of the Aspen Strategy Group and professor of the Practice of Diplomacy and International Politics at the Harvard Kennedy School. He is a former U.S. under secretary of state for political affairs (2005–08), ambassador to NATO (2001–05), and ambassador to Greece (1997–2001). Jonathon Price is the deputy director of the Aspen Strategy Group. Joseph S. Nye is University Distinguished Service Professor at the Harvard Kennedy School, a former assistant secretary for defense for international security affairs, and former chair of the National Intelligence Council. Brent Scowcroft, president of the Scowcroft Group, served as national security adviser to Presidents Ford and George H.W. Bush.

2012, 6 ½ x 9, 202 pp. paper, 978-0-89843-562-7, $20.95 / £14.99

20 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY PRESS

Green Economy and Business and Climate Policy Good Governance for Potentials and Pitfalls of Private Sustainable Development Voluntary Programs Karsten Ronit, ed. Opportunities, Promises and Concerns Jose Antonio Puppim de Oliveira, ed. limate change has become one Cof the most important and uch of the debate on green challenging global policy fields. Mgrowth and environmental Attention has focused primarily on governance tends to be general in the successes and failures of states nature and is often conceptual or and intergovernmental organizations, limited to single disciplines. Even but many more actors are involved though recent discussions on these and contribute to solutions. Business, topics have benefited from the often seen as spurring climate change, accumulation of empirical and theo- harbors considerable potential for retical knowledge over the last few problem solving. Today, a rich variety decades, these discussions have of private voluntary programs not produced the kind of concep- address climate change. tual novelty and tools necessary to Private voluntary programs are private in the sense that they are place the notion of a green economy initiated by and made up of businesses. They are voluntary in the within mainstream political, social, sense that businesses are free to join or leave them, and they are and economic agendas. Furthermore, discussions on governance programs in that a variety of formal rules, resources, and bodies remain mostly in the international sphere with only tenuous talk are often established to administer and evaluate the schemes. on governance at the national and subnational levels—the levels at which implementation is key. Business and Climate Policy assesses the potentials and pitfalls of existing private voluntary programs. The contributors evaluate Green Economy and Good Governance for Sustainable how effectively different programs meet public and private goals Development takes stock of the achievements and obstacles at the national and international levels, and across industries. toward sustainability over the last twenty years, and it proposes The “lessons learned” presented in this book can help to design new ideas and changes to create a more sustainable future. The new programs and improve those in existence. Such lessons are contributors present the gap that can emerge between intentions relevant not only within climate policy, but also within the many and results when green initiatives are put into practice and high- other policy fields in which private voluntary programs are active. light the lack of discussion on important topics such as equity. The book includes in-depth discussion on and analysis of specific Karsten Ronit is an associate professor in the Department of Political issues such as oceans, cities, and biodiversity in order to bring Science at the University of Copenhagen. forth solutions that are politically legitimate, socially acceptable, and economically viable. August, 6 x 9, 276 pp. paper, 978-92-808-1214-5, $34.00 / £23.99 Jose A. Puppim de Oliveira is assistant director and senior research fellow at the United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies.

July, 6 x 9, 360 pp. paper, 978-92-808-1216-9, $37.00 / £25.99

FALL 2012 21 NEW BOOKS | UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY PRESS

Free and Open Source Escaping Victimhood Software and Technology for Children, Youth, and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding Sustainable Development Albrecht Schnabel and Anara Tabyshalieva, eds. n the aftermath of violent conflict, a Sulayman K. Sowe, Govindan Parayil, and Atsushi Sunami, eds. Isociety seeking to rebuild its future needs to consider the interests and ree and Open Source Software needs of its young generation, and (FOSS) technologies transcend F these young people need to partici- geographical and cultural boundaries pate in the process. Yet, trapped in to usher in a new development para- a state of protracted victimhood, digm where volunteers collabora- children and youth are too often over- tively create software for common looked in post-conflict peacebuilding. use. The political economy of FOSS Their voices will not be heard unless technologies has far-reaching they can escape the chains of victim- implications for world development hood and their proper role in post- because of the centrality of informa- war recovery is recognized. tion and communications technologies for development (ICT4D). The global In Escaping Victimhood, a diverse group of researchers and trend in the diffusion and adoption of scholar-practitioners working in academia, nongovernmental, and FOSS technologies is a testimony to international organizations examine the proactive roles of girls the socioeconomic and technological impact the software has for and boys in promoting security for themselves and their families. both developed and developing economies. They discuss the disproportionate suffering and specific vulner- abilities of the young during and after war, as well as the interna- The main aim of this book is to raise awareness, increase the tional legal frameworks created to protect and empower these deployment, and capture the socioeconomic, technical, and groups in post-conflict environments. educational impact of information and communications technologies in general, and free and open source software in particular, The authors provide examples of initiatives to help young people for sustainable development. A global collection of experts in escape the traps of victimhood and voicelessness and actively social, natural, and human sciences, with contributions from engage in rebuilding their communities and nations, and they researchers and practitioners in both developing and developed examine international and national efforts to provide for the secu- countries, cover the theoretical and practical implications of rity of children and young people in post-conflict environments. FOSS technologies. Children and youth are essential catalysts for the successful While FOSS development, education, and business potentials rebuilding of war-torn societies. Many will reach adulthood as may appear as a phenomenon for the developed world, a sizable new social, economic, and political orders are being consolidated, number of developing countries have implemented FOSS poli- as first elections are held, and as local groups take over assis- cies of their own. Empirical and anecdotal evidence continues to tance and rebuilding efforts. The young post-war generation will demonstrate the potential of FOSS technologies for giving peo- become the next leaders, parents, and teachers, hence ensuring ple the opportunity to participate actively in the development its active role in post-conflict peacebuilding today could help and shaping of their own technology, stimulating the growth of build a sustainable peace tomorrow. indigenous software industries, creating local jobs, and lowering technology acquisition and deployment costs. Albrecht Schnabel is a senior fellow in the Research Division of the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces. Anara The target audience of the book includes ICT4D and sustainable Tabyshalieva is an assistant professor of history at Marshall University development experts, FOSS developers and users, policymakers, and a research fellow at the Institute for Regional Studies, Kyrgyzstan. technology-oriented small and medium enterprises, NGOs working in ICT and sustainable development, international organiza- February, 6 x 9, 340 pp. tions with technology transfer initiatives, information systems paper, 978-92-808-1211-4, $37.00 / £25.99 practitioners and research institutions, curriculum designers, universities and colleges, and training institutions interested in the pedagogical aspects of FOSS technologies.

Sulayman K. Sowe is JSPS-UNU Fellow, Science and Technology for Sustainable Societies, at the United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies, Japan. Govindan Parayil is vice rector at United Nations University and director of the United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies. Atsushi Sunami is associate professor at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Japan.

November, 6 x 9, 404 pp. paper, 978-92-808-1217-6, $38.00 / £26.99

22 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY PRESS

Exorcising the Demons Within Norms of Protection Xenophobia, Violence and Statecraft in Responsibility to Protect, Protection of Contemporary South Africa Civilians and Their Interaction Loren B. Landau, ed. Angus Francis, Vesselin Popovski, and Charles Sampford, eds.

n May 11, 2008, residents of series of humanitarian tragedies OAlexandra Township near Ain the 1990s (Somalia, Rwanda, Johannesburg turned violently on Srebrenica, Kosovo) demonstrated their neighbors. Over the following the international community’s failure two weeks, a string of attacks left to protect civilians in the context of sixty people dead, dozens raped, and complex emergencies. They were the over a hundred thousand displaced. inspiration for two norms of protec- Most of those killed were from tion, Responsibility to Protect (R2P) beyond South Africa’s borders, but and Protection of Civilians (POC), both at least a third were citizens who, for deeply rooted in the empathy that reasons of ethnicity or political affili- human beings have for the suffering ation, failed to protect their space in of innocent people. Both norms have the country’s urban core. Exorcising achieved high-level endorsement: R2P the Demons Within explores these from the 2005 World Summit and events and the subsequent consequences for the order of power, its Outcome document (Art. 138-140) and POC from a series of population, and place. Security Council resolutions. The two norms of protection were instrumental in adopting the Security Council Resolutions 1970 The book makes sense of recent anti-outsider violence by situating and 1973 (Libya) and 1975 (Cote d’Ivoire) in the year 2011. it within an extended history of South African statecraft that both produced the conditions for the attacks and has been reshaped by Both norms raise concerns of misinterpretation and misuse. They it. Drawing on an interdisciplinary team of expert scholars and on both are developing—sometimes in parallel, sometimes diverg- new research, this is the first academic text to fully put into con- ing, and sometimes converging—with varying degrees of insti- text the events that made global headlines in 2008. tutionalization and acceptance. This process is likely to continue for some time, with successes and failures enhancing or retarding Although not the most severe political violence in South Africa’s that development. This book engages in a profound compara- turbulent past, the 2008 attacks reflect an important moment tive analysis of the two norms and aims to serve policymakers in the country’s post-apartheid, post-authoritarian existence: a at different levels (national, regional, and UN), practitioners with moment when the government’s legitimacy and the post-apart- protective roles (force commanders, military trainers, strategists, heid order were called into question. This xenophobic violence and humanitarian actors), academics and researchers (in interna- made evident cracks in the cohesion of law and society while tional relations, law, political theory, and ethics), civil society, and helping to redefine both. R2P and POC advocates.

Loren B. Landau is director of the African Centre for Migration & Society Angus Francis is senior lecturer and program leader, Human Rights at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. and Governance Program, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology. Vesselin Popovski is senior academic officer and head of June, 6 x 9, 296 pp. the “Peace and Security” section, Institute for Sustainability and Peace at paper, 978-92-808-1215-2, $36.00 / £24.99 the United Nations University. Charles Sampford is foundation dean and Not available through Brookings in Southern Africa professor of law and research professor in ethics, Griffith University, and (Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, director of the Institute for Ethics, Governance and Law. and Zimbabwe) January, 6 x 9, 388 pp. paper, 978-92-808-1218-3, $38.00 / £26.99

FALL 2012 23 NEW BOOKS | CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE

Nilableow Ava The Nuclear Crossroads Russia in 2020 China, India, and the New Paradigm Scenarios for the Future Lora Saalman, ed.

Maria Lipman and Nikolay Petrov, eds. lobal power is shifting to Asia. Asian G“theaters” attract the bulk of global s Vladimir Putin returns to the presidency following the arms spending. China, India, and Pakistan A2012 elections, the prospects for Russia’s future are are building up their nuclear arsenals—as unclear. Russia in 2020 brings together leading experts to the United States, France, and the United analyze the possible scenarios for Russia’s development in the Kingdom are building down. India and next decade and the risks that lie ahead. Pakistan are the only countries in the world Despite Putin’s return, the authors believe that the so-called producing new fissile material for weapons, Putin Era is over. This does not mean that Putin will soon give and China is by far the world’s largest up power, but the political and economic system he created market for new nuclear energy production is incapable of dealing with Russia’s rapidly changing condi- (while India aspires to be on a similar tions. Crises are likely unavoidable unless Russia changes trajectory). Despite these trends, The and modernizes. Nuclear Crossroads is the first serious book by leading Chinese and Indian experts to examine the political, perceptual, military, Contents and technical factors that affect the two I. Russia in the World Russian Political Party System countries’ nuclear relations. 1. Russia and the World IV. State Editor Lora Saalman and a broad field of 2. Russia in World-Systems Perspective 15. The Excessive Role of a Weak expert contributors produce a construc- 3. Russia’s Foreign Policy Outlook Russian State tive framework and comprehensive set of 4. Russia’s Place in the World of Unintended 16. Center–Periphery Relations initiatives that China and India could pursue Consequences, or Murphy’s Law and 17. The Continuing Revolution in Russian to enhance cooperation and minimize the Order Military Affairs: Toward 2020 unintended consequences of their security 5. Russia and the New “Transitional Europe” 18. The Armed Forces in 2020: dilemmas. The Nuclear Crossroads will 6. The South Caucasus in 2020 Modern or Soviet? serve as a valuable resource for scholars, II. Political Economy and Economics journalists, and government officials inter- V. Regions 7. The “Third Cycle”: Is Russia Headed ested in China, India, security studies, and 19. Russia’s Regions and Cities Back to the Future? international relations. 20. Political Systems in the Russian 8. Russia’s Political Economy: Regions in 2020 The Next Decade Lora Saalman is an associate in the Nuclear 21. 2020: The Last Chance for the Policy Program at the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center 9. The Russian Economy to 2020: The North Caucasus? for Global Policy, Beijing. Challenge of Managing Rent Addiction 10. The Russian Economy in Limbo VI. Society and Civil Society September, 6 x 9, 240 pp. 22. Society, Politics, and the Search cloth, 978-0-87003-270-7, $49.95 / £34.99 III. Political System for Community in Russia paper, 978-0-87003-269-1, $19.95 / £13.99 11. Institution Building and “Institutional 23. The Inertia of Passive Adaptation Traps” in Russian Politics 24. The Nomenklatura and the Elite 12. Transition as a Political Institution: 25. The Evolution of Civic Activeness Toward 2020 13. Can the Machine Come to Life? Prospects VII. Ideology and Culture for Russia’s Party System in 2020 26. Russia and the New “Russian World” 14. Scenarios for the Evolution of the 27. Society and the State on the Internet

Maria Lipman is an expert in the Society and Regions Program at the Carnegie Moscow Center and editor of the Center’s Pro et Contra journal. She has had a monthly op-ed column in the Washington Post since 2001. Nikolay Petrov is a scholar-in-residence in the Society and Regions Program at the Carnegie Moscow Center.

2011, 6 x 9, 704 pp. O f rELATED interest cloth, 978-0-87003-264-6, $49.95 / £34.99 paper, 978-0-87003-263-9, $19.95 / £13.99 In the Whirlwind of Jihad Martha Brill Olcott cloth, 978-0-87003-260-8, $49.95 / £34.99 paper, 978-0-87003-259-2, $19.95 / £13.99

24 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE

Samudra Manthan The Iranian Nuclear Crisis Sino-Indian Rivalry in the Indo-Pacific A Memoir C. Raja Mohan Seyed Hossein Mousavian

ising China and emerging India are becoming major maritime he first detailed Iranian account Rpowers. As they build large navies to secure their growing Tof the diplomatic struggle interests, both nations are churning the waters of the Indo- between Iran and the international Pacific—the vast littoral stretching from Africa to Australasia. community, The Iranian Nuclear Crisis: A Memoir opens in 2002, as Invoking a tale from Indian mythology, Samudra Manthan (“to news of Iran’s clandestine uranium churn an ocean”), C. Raja Mohan tells the story of a Sino-Indian enrichment and plutonium produc- rivalry spilling over from the Himalayas into the Indian and Pacific tion facilities emerge. Seyed Hossein Oceans. He examines the prospects for mitigating their com- Mousavian, previously the head of the petition in this arena. The United States also gets involved, as it Foreign Relations Committee of Iran’s attempts to expand its presence and influence in this strategi- Supreme National Security Council cally important region. and spokesman for Tehran’s nuclear Despite the huge differences in the current naval capabilities negotiating team, brings the reader of China, India, and the United States, Mohan argues, the three into Tehran’s private deliberations as countries are locked in a triangular dynamic destined to shape its leaders wrestle with internal and external adversaries. the strategic future of the Indo-Pacific. Samudra Manthan makes Mousavian provides readers with intimate knowledge of Iran’s sense of that dynamic. interactions with the International Atomic Energy Agency and Contents global powers. His personal story comes alive as he vividly 1. Introduction recounts his arrest and interrogations on charges of espionage. 2. The Structure of the Rivalry Dramatic episodes of diplomatic missions tell much about the 3. In Search of Sea Power author and the swirling dynamics of Iranian politics and diploma- 4. Taking to the Blue Waters cy—undercurrents that must be understood now more than ever. 5. Maritime Nuclear Power As intense debate continues over the direction of Iran’s nuclear 6. India’s Pacific Ambitions program, Mousavian weighs the likely effects of military strikes, 7. China Eyes the Indian Ocean covert action, sanctions, and diplomatic engagement, consider- 8. Circling the Strategic Islands ing their potential to resolve the nuclear crisis. 9. Contesting the Littoral 10. Mitigating the Security Dilemma Contents 11. Ordering the Indo-Pacific 1. The Origin and 6. To the Security Council 12. Samudra Manthan Development of Iran’s 7. Back to the Security Nuclear Program Council and a New C. Raja Mohan heads the strategic studies program at the Observer Research Foundation in Delhi. He is a columnist on foreign affairs for 2. The First Crisis Domestic Situation one of India’s leading English dailies, Indian Express, a nonresident senior 3. From Tehran to Paris 8. Iran Alone: The Jalili Period associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and a visit- 4. From the Paris Agreement 9. U.S. Engagement ing research professor at the Institute of South Asian Studies, National to the 2005 Presidential 10. The Crisis Worsens University of Singapore. Mohan has published widely and his books Election 11. Conclusion include Crossing the Rubicon: The Shaping of India’s New Foreign Policy 5. The Larijani Period (2004) and Impossible Allies: Nuclear India, United States and the Global Order (2006). Seyed Hossein Mousavian served as spokesman for Iran’s team in nuclear September, 6 x 9, 360 pp. negotiations with the European Union and the International Atomic cloth, 978-0-87003-272-1, $49.95 / £34.99 Energy Agency (2003–05) and is currently a visiting research scholar at paper, 978-0-87003-271-4, $19.95 / £13.99 the Woodrow Wilson School’s Program on Science and Global Security at Princeton University.

June, 6 x 9, 600 pp. cloth, 978-0-87003-267-7, $49.95 / £34.99 paper, 978-0-87003-268-4, $19.95 / £13.99

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FALL 2012 25 NEW BOOKS | Chatham House

Soft Power? Chatham House Reports The Means and Ends of Russian Influence Abroad Gold and the International Turkmenistan under

James Sherr Monetary System Berdimuhamedow A Report by the Chatham House Annette Bohr his book investigates Russian mecha- Gold Taskforce nisms designed to influence and attract T Rapporteur: André Astrow his report offers the first compre- countries in the “Common Neighborhood” Thensive account of the domestic and (Azerbaijan, Belarus, China, Estonia, Finland, foreign policies of Turkmenistan—one of his report explores Georgia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, the world’s most repressive states—since the advantages Mongolia, North Korea, Norway, Poland, and T President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow and disadvantages Ukraine) and beyond. An understanding took power in 2006. It identifies the primary of reintroducing gold of Russian influence abroad must include drivers guiding Turkmenistan’s foreign to the current inter- the growing component of soft power, but policy and looks at its energy politics as national monetary cannot be confined to it or bound by estab- one of the world’s major gas producers. system in the wake lished Western definitions of the concept. of the global financial November, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 40 pp. Synthesizing the findings of a Chatham crisis and identifies a paper, 978-1-86203-265-1, $15.00 / £10.00 House research project, Soft Power? number of possible reveals the ways Russia is attempting to scenarios for reform. develop informal networks, business links, state-corporate relations, cultural affinities, 2012, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 48 pp. The World’s Changing and linguistic ties with its neighbors and paper, 978-1-86203-260-6, $15.00 / £10.00 Industrial Landscape other politically important countries. Donald Hepburn December, 6 x 9, 144 pp. paper, 978-1-86203-266-8, $25.95 / £17.99 Shifting Capital his report is the culmination of a The Rise of Financial Centres Tresearch project that explores how the in Greater China global industrial landscape might change Previously announced between now and 2020, the outlook for key Paola Subacchi, Helena Huang, Alberta Molajoni, global industries over the next decade, and and Richard Varghese Multi-tier NATO the role of emerging “global champions.” The Atlantic Alliance in the 21st Century his report highlights the rise of China’s June, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 40 pp. Timo Noetzel and Tobias Bunde Tfinancial power on the world stage, paper, 978-1-86203-263-7, $15.00 / £10.00 focusing on the emergence of the four his book argues financial centres in the Greater China region Tthat NATO has (Hong Kong, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and developed into a Taipei). It analyzes the convergence of their Middle-Ranking Emerging fluid “multi-tier” alli- financial systems and shows how the devel- Powers and Africa ance that is divided opment of these cities is closely linked with on many issues. The China’s domestic financial reform as well as hile the roles of China, India, and reformist tier wants the RMB internationalization strategy. Wincreasingly Brazil in relation to Africa NATO to act as a attract much policy interest, the growing November, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 60 pp. global guardian of a engagement of other “middle” emerging paper, 978-1-86203-262-0, $15.00 / £10.00 liberal world order. powers such as Turkey and South Korea The neo-traditionalist receives little attention. This report takes tier favors an alliance still focused on territo- contrasting case studies to question wheth- rial defense in a traditional sense. The status er the trend for diplomatic and economic quo tier is also skeptical about a globalized outreach between African states and mid- alliance but does not see the need to refo- dle-ranking emerging powers is sustainable. cus on the European continent. Multi-tier NATO sheds light on the specific character- November, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 40 pp istics, security cultures, and strategic world- paper, 978-1-86203-264-4, $15.00 / £10.00 views in each tier. CHATHAM HOUSE REPORTS October, 6 x 9, 200 pp. Chatham House Reports are topical, policy-relevant publications on today’s key global challenges. cloth, 978-1-86203-217-0, $44.95 / £30.00 They draw on the institute’s unique cross-cutting research expertise to offer new insights, fresh paper, 978-1-86203-231-6, $25.95 / £17.99 approaches, and specific recommendations. For further information on these and additional reports in the series, go to www.chathamhouse.org.uk/CHR.

26 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | American Chamber of Commerce to the European Union

Previously announced The EU Made Simple Guide to the European EU Information Handbook All You Need to Know about the Parliament 2012–2014 European Union 2011 Fourth edition he Guide to the European he EU Information T he EU Made Parliament 2012–2014 Handbook 2011 T Simple is a com- is an easy-to-use is a comprehensive T prehensive introduc- guide to the workings guide to the European tory guide to the and structure of the Union and its institu- European Union European Parliament. tions. Packed with explained in easy-to- It contains: facts, figures, and understand terms. contact details of Packed with the lat- thousands of EU offi- est information, the cials, this guide is a guide also serves as must-have for anyone • Full biographical details and photos a practical reference working or interested in EU affairs. of all 754 members of the European book useful for anyone interested in the Parliament (MEPs) This clearly structured spiral bound refer- European Union and how it works. ence guide is easy to use and includes • Contact details of all MEPs, including This completely updated and revised publi- email addresses and office, phone, and • In-depth explanations of the role of cation provides fax numbers in Brussels and Strasbourg the European institutions, with Lisbon • An in-depth introduction to the European Treaty updates • Explanations of legislative procedures institutions and EU policymaking • Facts and figures on EU Member States • Explanations of working acronyms • A clear explanation of the EU’s and candidate countries responsibilities • Complete information on parliamentary • Contact details of over 1,000 key committees • Contributions from key decisionmakers EU officials, including commissioners, detailing their roles in the process • Complete information on the structure of their cabinets and all departments political groups (Directorates-General) and services, • A historical overview of the EU’s as well as members of the European development • Contact details for the secretariat general Parliament and diplomatic missions • A who’s who of key figures 2012, 5 x 8, 360 pp. spiral bound paper, 978-2-9146856-0-3 2012, 6 x 10, 346 pp. • A jargon guide spiral bound paper, 978-2-914685-59-7 $65.00 / £40.00 $75.00 / £50.00 • Diagrams, illustrations, maps, and much more.

August, 6 x 10, 170 pp. paper, 978-2-9146856-1-0, $35.00 / £20.00 Includes illustrations and maps

The American Chamber of Commerce to the European Union (AmCham EU) is a Brussels-based business association. AmCham EU speaks for American companies committed to Europe on trade, investment, and competitiveness issues. It aims to ensure a growth-oriented business and investment climate in Europe. AmCham EU facilitates the resolution of transatlantic issues that impact business and plays a role in creating better understanding of EU and U.S. positions on business matters.

FALL 2012 27 NEW BOOKS | THE CENTURY FOUNDATION PRESS

previously announced Why Labor Organizing The Future of School Integration Should Be a Civil Right Socioeconomic Diversity as an Education Rebuilding a Middle-Class Democracy by Reform Strategy Enhancing Worker Voice Richard D. Kahlenberg, ed. Richard D. Kahlenberg and Moshe Z. Marvit lmost fifty years ago the Coleman Preface by Thomas Geoghegan AReport, widely regarded as the most important educational study of hy Labor Organizing Should Be the twentieth century, found that the a Civil Right lays out the case W most powerful predictor of academic for a new approach, one that takes achievement is the socioeconomic the issue beyond the confines of labor status of a child’s family. The second law by amending the Civil Rights Act most important predictor is the socio- so that it prohibits discrimination economic status of the classmates in against workers trying to organize his or her school. Until very recently, a union. The authors argue that this the importance of this second find- strategy would have two significant ing has been consciously ignored by benefits. First, enhanced penalties policymakers, and the national educa- under the Civil Rights Act would pro- tion debate has centered on trying vide a greater deterrent against the to “fix” high-poverty schools by pouring greater resources into illegal firing of employees who try to them, paying educators more to teach in them, or turning them organize. Second, as a political mat- into charter schools. At the local level, however, eighty school ter, identifying the ability to form a union as a civil right frames the districts educating four million students now consciously seek to issue in a way that Americans can readily understand. integrate schools by socioeconomic status.

“In these times when civil rights and workers rights are under simulta- The Future of School Integration looks at how socioeconomic neous attack, this book is a must read.” school integration has been pursued as a strategy to reduce the —Benjamin Todd Jealous, NAACP president and CEO proportion of high-poverty schools and therefore to improve the performance of students overall. It examines whether stu- “A persuasive roadmap for extending the protections of the Civil Rights dents learn more in socioeconomically integrated schools—and Act to workers who want to organize a union.” pre-K programs—than in high-poverty institutions and explores —Randi Weingarten, president, American Federation of Teachers the costs and benefits of integration programs. The book also “The growing disconnect between productivity and wages in America is investigates whether such integration is logistically and politically not the result of some set of economic physical laws of nature, as some feasible, looking at the promises and pitfalls of both intradistrict would have us believe, but instead directly linked to the political attacks and interdistrict integration programs. Finally, it examines the rel- by the right to undermine the laws of collective bargaining. . . . Richard evance of socioeconomic integration strategies being pursued by Kahlenberg and Moshe Marvit’s prescription is just what our nation needs.” states and localities to the ongoing policy debates in Washington over efforts to turn around the nation’s lowest-performing —Amy B. Dean, principal of ABD Ventures, LLC, and former president schools and to improve the quality of charter schools. and CEO, South Bay AFL-CIO Labor Council

“This book couldn’t come at a better time—just as America is begin- Contributors include Stephanie Aberger (Expeditionary Learning), ning to discuss how to address our record high economic inequality.” Marco Basile (Harvard University), Jennifer Jellison Holme (University of Texas–Austin), Ann Mantil (Harvard), Anne G. Perkins (Massachusetts —David Madland, Director, American Worker Project, Center for Department of Higher Education), Jeanne L. Reid (Teachers College), American Progress Meredith P. Richards (University of Texas–Austin), Heather Schwartz (RAND), Kori J. Stroub (University of Texas–Austin), and Sheneka M. Williams (University of Georgia). Richard D. Kahlenberg is a senior fellow at The Century Foundation and author of Tough Liberal: Albert Shanker and the Battles over Schools, Unions, Race and Democracy (Columbia University Press, 2007). Richard D. Kahlenberg is a senior fellow for education at The Century Moshe Z. Marvit practices both labor and employment discrimination Foundation. He is the author of All Together Now: Creating Middle-Class law and is pursuing a PhD in labor history at Carnegie Mellon University. Schools through Public School Choice (Brookings Press, 2001) and the Thomas Geoghegan is a labor lawyer based in Chicago and is the author editor of Affirmative Action for the Rich: Legacy Preferences in College of Were You Born on the Wrong Continent? How the European Model Can Admissions (The Century Foundation Press, 2010) and Rewarding Strivers: Help You Get a Life (New Press, 2010). Helping Low-Income Students Succeed in College (TCF Press, 2010).

2012, 6 x 9, 160 pp. 2012, 6 x 9, 407 pp. paper, 978-0-87078-523-8, $19.95 / £13.99 paper, 978-0-87078-522-1, $29.95 / £20.99

Previously announced as Labor Organizing as a Civil Right

28 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | Center for Global Development

The Governor’s Solution Oil to Cash Greenprint Alaska’s Oil Dividend and Fighting the Resource Curse A New Approach to Cooperation Iraq’s Last Window through Cash Transfers on Climate Change

Todd Moss, ed. Todd Moss, Caroline Lambert, and Arvind Subramanian and Aaditya Mattoo Stephanie Majerowicz tates that substantially increase their eleaguered by mutual recrimination Sincome through rents (profits from hat should a country do if it suddenly Bbetween rich and poor countries, the exportation of oil and other natural Wdiscovers oil and gas? How should it squeezed by the zero-sum arithmetic of resources) often experience a subsequent spend the subsequent cash windfall? How a shrinking global carbon budget, and increase in government corruption. Simply can it protect against corruption? How can overtaken by shifts in economic and hence put, the people in power try to direct more citizens truly benefit from national wealth? bargaining power between these countries, of the money to themselves and prevent With many of the world’s poorest and most international cooperation on climate change others from taking their place. fragile states suddenly joining the ranks of has floundered. Given these three factors— oil and gas producers, these are pressing which Arvind Subramanian and Aaditya Seeking to lessen the negative effects of policy questions. Mattoo call the “narrative,” “adding up,” and oil rents in Alaska, Governor Jay Hammond “new world” problems—the wonder is not had a simple yet revolutionary idea: when Oil to Cash explores one option that may the current impasse; it is, rather, the belief citizens have a direct stake they pay close help avoid the so-called resource curse: that progress might be possible at all. attention to where the money is going. just give the money directly to citizens. The embodiment of his idea is the Alaska A universal, transparent, and regular cash In this book, the authors argue that any Permanent Fund Dividend that, since 1982, transfer would not only provide a concrete chance of progress must address each of has been distributing a portion of Alaska’s benefit to regular people, but would also these problems in a radically different way. earnings to each resident. create powerful incentives for citizens to First, the old narrative of recrimination hold their government accountable. Oil to must cede to a narrative based on recogni- The Governor’s Solution features a first- Cash details how and where this idea could tion of common interests. Second, leaders hand account by the late governor that work and how policymakers can learn from must shift the focus away from emissions describes, with brutal honesty and piercing the experiences with cash transfers in cuts to technology generation. Third, the humor, the birth of the dividend. Thirty places like Mexico, Mongolia, and Alaska. old “cash-for-cuts” approach must be years later, Hammond’s vision is still shap- abandoned for one that requires contribu- ing the Center for Global Development’s Todd Moss is the vice president for programs tions from all countries calibrated in mag- oil-to-cash initiative to explore how and senior fellow at the Center for Global nitude and form to their current level of cash transfers might mitigate the cor- Development (CGD). Caroline Lambert development and future prospects. rosive impact of oil rents. Accompanying is a Washington-based writer and former Hammond’s story is recent work by schol- Johannesburg bureau chief at the Economist. Arvind Subramanian is a senior fellow at the ars examining Alaska’s experience and how Stephanie Majerowicz is a research assistant at CGD. Center for Global Development with a joint other oil-rich societies, particularly Iraq, appointment at the Peter G. Peterson Institute might apply some of the lessons. This book January, 6 x 9, 125 pp. for International Economics. Aaditya Mattoo is serves as a powerful reminder that the paper, 978-1-933286-69-3, $17.95 / £11.99 the research manager for trade and integration combination of new ideas and determined at the World Bank. individuals can make a tremendous differ- October, 6 ¼ x 9 ½, 150 pp. ence—even in issues as seemingly complex paper, 978-1-933286-67-9, $17.95 / £11.99 and intractable as fighting the oil curse.

Contributors include Todd Moss (Center for Global Development), Jay Hammond (governor of Alaska 1974–1982 and creator of the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend), Scott Goldsmith (University of Alaska-Anchorage), Nancy Birdsall (Center for Global Development), Arvind Subramanian (Peterson Institute for International Economics and Center for Global Development), and Johnny West (journalist and founder of Open Oil).

Todd Moss is the vice president for programs and senior fellow at the Center for Global Development.

October, 6 ¼ x 9 ½, 135 pp. paper, 978-1-933286-70-9, $17.95 / £11.99

FALL 2012 29 NEW BOOKS | THE JAMESTOWN FOUNDATION

The South Caucasus 2021 Chinese Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile Oil, Democracy and Geopolitics (ASBM) Development Fariz Ismailzade and Glen E. Howard, eds. Drivers, Trajectories, and Strategic Implications Andrew S. Erickson n The South Caucasus 2021 a team Iof international experts addresses the most vital issues of the region. hina’s anti-ship ballistic missile (ASBM), the DF-21D, has reached They offer their perspectives on top- Cthe equivalent of Initial Operational Capability. Although it ics such as territorial conflicts, oil and probably has been deployed in small numbers, additional chal- natural gas resources, and pipeline lenges and tests remain. This study examines the ASBM’s capability politics and provide important analy- and history, showing how the DF-21D meets multiple priorities in sis of the geopolitical complexities Chinese defense modernization and in the national security bureau- of the region and the risks they pose cracy, as well its implications for the United States. in the coming decades. The authors The ASBM’s physical threat to U.S. Navy ships will be determined also look at the volatile political state by the development of associated systems and organizations, of the Caucasus-Caspian Basin, the which currently limit data fusion and coordination in the com- role of religion, and demographic and plex task of identifying a U.S. aircraft carrier in the open ocean. migration prospects and discuss the Still, the ASBM poses a direct threat to the foundations of U.S. policy courses charted by the superpowers in response to devel- power project in Asia and will undermine the U.S. position, unless opments within the region. efforts to counter its political-military effects are taken. Featuring chapters by Dmitri Trenin, Udo Steinbach, Ariel Cohen, Mustafa Aydin, Robert M. Cutler, and others, as well as an intro- Andrew S. Erickson is an associate professor in the Strategic Research Department at the U.S. Naval War College and a founding member of the duction by Dr. S. Frederick Starr, South Caucasus 2021 seeks to department’s China Maritime Studies Institute. address not just where the region has been, but also where it is headed in terms of its security, intra- and extra-regional rela- June, 8 ½ x 11, 110 pp. tions, as well as political and economic development. The book paper, 978-0-9830842-6-6, $20.00 / £13.99 is essential reading for students and researchers of post-Soviet history and Caucasus studies, sociology, Caspian Sea politics, political science and international relations, and areas of energy and economic issues. Beijing Ponders NATO Military Contributors include Ramiz Mehdiyev (National Academy of Sciences Withdrawal from Afghanistan of Azerbaijan), S. Frederick Starr (Central Asia-Caucasus Institute), Elmir Guliyev (Institute of Strategic Studies of the Caucasus), Rauf Richard Weitz Garagozov (Institute of Strategic Studies of the Caucasus), Vladimer Papava (Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies), John Roberts (Platts), Robert M. Cutler (Carleton University), Albert his report provides an overview and analysis of the vigorous Bressand (Columbia University), Udo Steinbach (University of Hamburg), Tdebate over Afghanistan in Chinese foreign policy circles. Mustafa Aydin (Kadir Has University), Ariel Cohen (Heritage Foundation), Beijing does not want permanent U.S. or NATO bases on China’s Kevin DeCorla-Souza (IFC International), Barry Rubin (Global Research western frontiers. However, it fears NATO will withdraw prema- in International Affairs Interdisciplinary Center), Gerard Libaridian turely from Afghanistan, leaving China to address the regional (University of Michigan), Dmitri Trenin (Carnegie Moscow Center), Oksana repercussions of Afghan instability. The Chinese also do not Antonenko (International Institute for Strategic Studies), and Uwe want to assume the main burden of supporting Pakistan, even as Halbach (German Institute for Security and International Affairs). Beijing is unwilling to provide much support to the NATO mission. Fariz Ismailzade is executive vice rector at the Azerbaijan Diplomatic China is struggling to avert bad policy outcomes in Afghanistan Academy. Glen E. Howard is president of the Jamestown Foundation. without compromising long-held foreign policy principles. As this report reveals, thus far those struggles have not led to a clear deci- 2012, 6 x 9, 354 pp. paper, 978-0-9816905-8-2, $24.95 / £16.99 sion about China’s interests and the resulting steps to secure them.

Richard Weitz is a senior fellow and director of the Center for Political- Military Analysis at the Hudson Institute and a nonresident senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security.

2012, 8 ½ x 11, 65 pp. paper, 978-0-9830842-7-3, $20.00 / £13.99

30 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | ECONOMICA

Boko Haram in The Ethical Challenges of the Soldier West Africa The French Experience Al Qaeda’s Next Frontier? General Benoit Royal Jacob Zenn hen a soldier engages in warfare, he enters a world that Wborders on absolute evil and has nothing to do with his report addresses the regional rami- everyday life. He is confronted by real issues of conscience, Tfications of the rise of Boko Haram and the solutions to which are not to be found in military regula- evaluates the jihadist terrorist organizations. How does he find answers to such questions without tion as something more than a domestic departing from his mission? How to react without losing his Nigerian movement. The report discusses soul or suffering irreparable psychological damage? How to Boko Haram’s regional connections and fight while respecting other people’s dignity? the possibility of it expanding throughout West Africa. Drawing on more than a hundred specific real-life cases and situations, both recent and from the past, Brigadier General The architecture for Boko Haram to Benoit Royal provides a firm ethical foundation along with ref- become an al Qaeda wing in West Africa erence points to help commanders in the field find solutions or part of a regional terrorist movement to these dilemmas. In conflict situations that are humanly may already be in place. The Movement unacceptable and often close to unbearable, only sound ethical principles, imprinted for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa in the mind very early in training, will enable military leaders to give meaning to their (MOJWA) shares the same goal as Boko actions and remain at peace with their consciences. Haram and is also dominated by Hausa- speaking members. Armed with weapons Brigadier General Benoit Royal, trained at Saint-Cyr, accumulated extensive wartime experience from Libya’s caches and possessing opera- while serving with the French Marines. He currently commands the recruitment division of the French tional ties to an Algerian-based al Qaeda Army and is an associate researcher in the professional ethics division of the Saint-Cyr Coetquidan faction, MOJWA may be the link between Research Centre. Boko Haram in Nigeria and a broader Boko Haram regional movement. The expan- May, 6 x 9 ½, 196 pp. paper, 978-2-7178-6456-4, $26.95 / £18.99 sion of these terrorists in West Africa, and the possibility of Boko Haram franchising, could present a future threat to Western Previously announced business interests in the area and undermine the region’s fledgling democracies. Global Sustainability and the Responsibilities Jacob Zenn is an analyst for the Jamestown of Universities Foundation focusing on Nigeria and Central Asia and has contributed international affairs articles Luc E. Weber and James J. Duderstadt, eds. for publications such as Asia Times, Hürriyet, Yemen Times, and the CTC Sentinel. lobal Sustainability and the Responsibilities of Universities discusses not only how research universities are adapting 2012, 8 ½ x 11, 45 pp. G to the imperatives of global sustainability (e.g., social diver- paper, 978-0-9830842-5-9, $20.00 / £13.99 sity, resource management, academic programs, research and scholarship), but also how they can develop new curricula, student experiences, research paradigms, social engagement, and international alliances to better address the challenges of global sustainability while producing globally identified citizens. The contributors also consider the implications of these profound economic, demographic, technological, and political changes for the sustainability of the research university itself.

Luc E. Weber is rector emeritus of the University of Geneva. James J. Duderstadt is president emeritus of the University of Michigan.

February, 6 x 9, 300 pp. cloth, 978-2-7178-6113-6, $59.95 / £39.99

FALL 2012 31 NEW BOOKS | Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS)

Rethinking Asset Price Formation in Time to Set Banking Management Commodities Spot and Regulation Right From Financial Stability to Investor Futures Markets Jacopo Carmassi and Stefano Micossi Protection and Economic Growth Diego Valiante and Christian Egenhofer, eds. Mirzha de Manuel Aramendía and Karel Lannoo xcessive leverage he current rapid rise of commodity Eand risk taking he Alternative Tprices comes at a critical moment, as by large interna- TInvestment Fund European and U.S. economies stagger in tional banks were the Managers Directive their attempts to regain ground lost in the main causes of the (AIFMD), adopted in recent financial crisis. Facing mounting 2008–09 financial 2011, aims to reshape worries and anger from both policymakers crisis and the ensu- the asset manage- and the public, regulators at the most ing sharp drop in ment industry in recent G20 summit agreed to address com- economic activity and Europe. Despite modity price volatility worldwide. They are employment. World often being depicted bringing forward a number of proposals to leaders and central bankers promised that as the “hedge-fund improve the regulation, functioning, and it would not happen again and, to this end, directive,” the AIFMD transparency of commodity markets. undertook to overhaul banking regulation, embodies in substance the basic regula- first and foremost by rectifying Basel pru- This book collects the findings of a task tory framework for asset management in dential rules. force composed of financial and non Europe. The directive paves the ground for financial firms as well as regulators and This study argues that the new Basel III investment funds and investment mandates academics. It sheds new light on price Accord and the ensuing EU Capital to grow in size and importance as Europe formation mechanisms in spot and future Requirements Directive IV fail to correct reduces its historical reliance on banks. commodities markets and highlights key the two main shortcomings of international This report provides a comprehensive drivers of price formation in main com- prudential rules: reliance on banks’ risk assessment of the future of the investment modities markets. management models for the calculation of management industry in Europe after capital requirements and the lack of accountability by supervisors. Accordingly, the subprime crisis and the subsequent Diego Valiante is head of research at the regulatory response. It considers in four European Capital Markets Institute, an indepen- the authors propose the calculation of capi- separate chapters dent research institute run by CEPS. Christian tal requirements without risk adjustment Egenhofer is senior research fellow and head of and creation of a system of mandated • Selected issues of financial stability the Energy and Climate program at CEPS, as well action by supervisors modeled on the U.S. related to investment funds as visiting professor at the College of Europe in framework of Prompt Corrective Action. Bruges and Natolin, Warsaw; at Sciences Po in They also recommend that banks should be • Product structuring and the use of Paris; and at the LUISS University in Rome. required to issue large amounts of deben- derivatives in mutual funds August, 6 ¾ x 9 ½, 100 pp. tures that are convertible into equity in • Distribution; investor choice; and inves- paper, 978-94-6138-183-5, $30.00 / £17.00 order to strengthen market discipline on tor protection, including disclosure and management and shareholders. investment advice; and the contribution of asset management to economic growth, Jacopo Carmassi is an economist at Assonime including long-term and responsible (the Association of Joint Stock Companies investing incorporated in Italy). Stefano Micossi is director general of Assonime, visiting professor at the College of Europe in Bruges, member of the Mirzha de Manuel Aramendía, a lawyer and board of directors of CEPS, and chairman of the economist, is a researcher at the European board of the CIR Group. Capital Markets Institute, an independent research institute run by CEPS in Brussels. August, 6 ¾ x 9 ½, 80 pp. is chief executive officer of CEPS. Karel Lannoo paper, 978-94-6138-175-0, $30.00 / £17.00 August, 6 ¾ x 9 ½, 216 pp. paper, 978-94-6138-180-4, $30.00 / £17.00

32 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS W alter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center

Shorenstein APARC Series on Contemporary North Korea The Sovereign Debt Crisis Dynasty Previously Announced Placing a Curb on Growth The Hereditary Succession Syncretization Anton Brender, Florence Pisani, and Politics of North Korea The Politics of Corporate Emile Gagna Kim Hakjoon Restructuring and System o ward off the Reform in Japan cholar and journal- threat of a world- T ist Kim Hakjoon’s Kenji Kushida, Kay Shimizu, and wide depression that S Jean C. Oi, eds. latest book on North loomed at the end of Korea is a timely the 2000s, govern- apan’s post-war economic miracle came analysis of the rise of ments opted to run to an abrupt halt in the early 1990s, the Kim Il Sung family J up substantial fiscal leading to a prolonged period of economic dynasty and the poli- deficits. In doing so, stagnation. During this trying period, as the tics of leadership suc- they sowed the seeds Japanese political economy struggled to cession in Pyongyang. of the sovereign debt adapt to a rapidly evolving global environ- It includes coverage crisis. Saddled with often high debt bur- ment, scholars focused on the question: of the death of Kim dens and modest growth prospects, devel- Has Japan changed? Jong Il and the advent of his young son oped countries must now rebalance their Kim Jong Eun as the new supreme leader. government budgets. Doing so too rapidly, The contributors to this volume move beyond this old question of change or no however, would choke growth. Drawing on official North Korean state- change. Each chapter examines a differ- ments and leaked confidential documents, Faced with this dilemma, Japan and the ent aspect of Japan’s political economy journalistic accounts, defector reports, and United States have pursued growth policies within a longer trajectory and from multiple the observations of foreigners, the book while the euro-area members are quickly angles to depict a flexible but resilient synthesizes virtually all that is known about trying to rebalance their budgets. This system. The book characterizes Japan’s the history of the secretive family and book explores the respective risks associ- process of change as syncretization: prac- how it operates within a bizarre governing ated with these two strategies. It further tices foreign, domestic, old, and new were system. Particularly valuable for a Western investigates the consequences for the selectively adopted, mixed, and matched, audience is the author’s extensive use of international monetary and financial sys- creating a new and unique hybrid system. South Korean studies of the Kim family, tem of developing countries’ public debts many of which have never been translated ceasing to be risk free. Contributors include Robert Eberhart (Stanford into English. Dynasty is insightful reading University), Kenji Kushida (Stanford University), for officials, journalists, scholars, and stu- Anton Brender, Florence Pisani, and Emile Gregory Noble (University of Tokyo), Ulrike Gagna are economists with Dexia Asset dents interested in the Korean Peninsula Schaede (University of California San Diego), Management. Anton Brender and Florence Pisani and its prospects. Kay Shimizu (Columbia University), and Yves teach at Paris-Dauphine University. Tiberghien (University of British Columbia). Kim Hakjoon is chairman of the Board of Trustees August, 6 ¾ x 9 ½, 136 pp. of DanKook University in South Korea. He previ- Kenji Kushida is the 2010–2011 Walter H. paper, 978-94-6138-182-8, $30.00 / £17.00 ously served as the president of the University Shorenstein Postdoctoral Fellow at the Walter of Incheon and president of the Korean Political H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center. Science Association. Kay Shimizu is assistant professor in Columbia University’s Department of Political Science. August, 6 x 9, 260 pp. Jean C. Oi is William Haas Professor in Chinese paper, 978-1-931368-30-8, $28.95 / £19.99 Politics in the Department of Political Science and senior fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University.

January, 6 x 9, 250 pp. paper, 978-1-931368-23-0, $28.95 / £19.99

O f rELATED interest

Only Beautiful, Peacemaker Troubled Transition Please Twenty Years of North Korea’s Politics, A British Diplomat in Inter-Korean Relations Economy and External North Korea and the North Korean Relations John Everard Nuclear Issue Sang-Hun Choe, paper Lim Dong-won Gi-Wook Shin, and 978-1-931368-25-4, paper David Straub, eds. $18.95 / £12.99 978-1-931368-27-8, paper $28.95 / £19.99 978-1-931368-28-5, $28.95 / £19.99

FALL 2012 33 NEW BOOKS | Bertelsmann Stiftung

Change Ahead Megatrends in Global Rethinking National Identity Sustainable Governance in BRICS Interaction in the Age of Migration The Transatlantic Council ith impres- e inhabit an on Migration Wsive economic Wincreasingly growth, increasing interconnected world. reater mobility middle classes, and Yet too often policy- and migration immense hunger G makers and advisers have brought about for energy and raw view each issue in unprecedented levels materials, the BRICS a vacuum, focusing of diversity, trans- nations—Brazil, primarily on short- forming communities Russia, India, China, term impacts. All of on both sides of the and South Africa— us—policymakers, Atlantic in fundamen- are on their way to local and global com- tal ways and sparking changing the political and economic map munities, and individual citizens—must uncertainty over who of our world. Due to economic stagnation begin to consider how the major trends “we” are in a society. across traditional industrialized nations, that shape our world are likely to develop Yet, while a consensus may be emerg- there is a growing tendency among inves- and how they will intersect and influence ing as to what has not worked well, little tors to focus on this group of states char- one another. thought has been given to developing a acterized by highly dynamic development new organizing principle for community and promising markets. Their increased This volume explores and discusses cor- cohesion. Such a vision needs to smooth significance already is reflected in arenas relations between these global trends, or divisions between immigration’s “winners of international politics such as the G-20, megatrends: global governance, demo- and losers,” blunt extremism, and respond United Nations, International Monetary graphic change and migration, energy smartly to changing community and Fund, and Organization for Economic and natural resources, global security, national identities. Cooperation and Development, where they biodiversity, and economic globalization. claim ever more influence. The book’s primary focus is to provide a This volume examines the lessons that qualitative overview of the trends, and to can be drawn from various approaches to What exactly are the key elements for the analyze their intersections and interdepen- immigrant integration and managing diver- success stories of these countries? What dencies in the 21st century. It aims to help sity in North America and Europe. It deliv- kind of differences and similarities in their define some of the complex challenges and ers recommendations on what policymakers political management may be identified? exciting opportunities shaping a world of must do to build and reinforce inclusive- What are the barriers to their sustainable sustainable economies and societies. ness given the realities in both regions. It development? Change Ahead answers offers insights into the next generation of those questions through an extensive set October, 6 x 9, 300 pp. policies that can (re)build inclusive soci- of Sustainable Governance Indicators, paper, 978-3-86793-434-3, $42.00 / £26.00 eties and bring immigrants and natives which help systematically record and com- together in pursuit of shared futures. pare the political performance and governance capacities of the BRICS nations. With Copublished with the Migration Policy Institute the participation of an international net- December, 6 x 9, 200 pp. work of experts, this comprehensive study paper, 978-3-86793-427-5, $33.00 / £20.00 results in a detailed profile of the strengths and weaknesses of their political systems.

October, 6 x 9, 200 pp. paper, 978-3-86793-435-0, $33.00 / £20.00

34 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | Migration Policy Institute

Previously announced Managing Borders in an Immigrants in a Changing Young Children of Black Increasingly Borderless Labor Market Immigrants in America World Responding to Economic Needs Changing Flows, Changing Faces Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Randall Hansen, eds. Michael Fix, Demetrios G. Papademetriou, Randy Capps and Michael Fix, eds. and Madeleine Sumption, eds. s borders become his book examines Aincreasingly his volume, which Tthe well-being fluid in a globalized Tbrings together and development world, border secu- research by leading of children in black rity remains at the economists and labor immigrant families heart of public and market specialists (most with parents policymaker concerns and examines the role from Africa and the about immigration. immigrants play in Caribbean). There This volume brings the U.S. workforce, are 1.3 million such together perspectives how they fare in good children in the United from both sides of and bad economic States. While children the Atlantic on what border security means times, and the effects in these families account for 11 percent of in practice. It addreses the challenges they have on native-born workers and the all black children in America and represent that continue to evade policymakers and labor sectors in which they are engaged. a rapidly growing segment of the U.S. assesses which policies have been most— The book traces the powerful economic population, they remain largely ignored and least—successful in achieving “secure” forces at play in today’s globalized world by researchers. To address this impor- borders while also allowing for the move- and includes policy prescriptions for mak- tant gap in knowledge, the Migration ment of people and commerce. ing the American immigration system more Policy Institute’s (MPI) National Center on responsive to labor market needs. Immigrant Integration Policy embarked on From border dynamics and drug trafficking a project to study these children from birth in Central America to challenges to the Chapters examine employment outcomes to age ten. asylum regime in Europe, this book offers for low-skilled, middle-skilled, and high- a thought-provoking and well-rounded skilled workers; assess the economic effects Chapters include analysis of the changing account of how borders are interpreted and of illegal immigration; trace immigrants’ immigration flow to the United States; the managed in diverse settings. trajectories in the construction, health care, role of family and school relationships in hospitality, and information technology sec- the well-being of African immigrant chil- Contributors include Elizabeth Collett tors; and detail the impact of immigration in dren; exploration of the effects of ethnicity (MPI), Brian Grant (former director general, recession and economic expansion. and foreign-born status on infant health; International and Intergovernmental Relations, and parenting behavior, health, and cogni- Citizenship and Immigration Canada), Chris Immigrants in a Changing Labor Market tive development among children in black Sands (Hudson Institute), Kay Hailbronner is the product of the Migration Policy immigrant families. (chair of Public Law, Public International Law Institute’s Labor Markets Initiative, which and European Law, University of Konstanz), provides a comprehensive, policy-focused Ralph Espach (director of Latin American Randy Capps is a senior policy analyst at the review of the role of immigration in the Affairs, Center for Naval Analyses), Daniel Migration Policy Institute. Michael Fix is senior Haering (director del Centro de Investigación labor market. The initiative produces vice president and director of studies at MPI. Internacional Ibn Khaldún de la Universidad detailed policy recommendations on how Francisco Marroquín), and David Shirk (director, the United States should rethink its immi- July, 6 x 9, 320 pp. Trans-Border Institute, University of San Diego). gration policy in the light of what is known paper, 978-0-9831591-1-7, $44.95 / £29.99 about the economic impact of immigra- Demetrios G. Papademetriou is the president tion—bearing in mind the current context and cofounder of MPI. Randall Hansen is a of the economic crisis, growing income political scientist and historian at the University inequality, concerns about the effect of of Toronto. globalization on U.S. competitiveness, the January, 6 x 9, 275 pp. competition for highly skilled migrants, and paper, 978-0-9831591-2-4, $24.95 / £16.99 demographic and technological change.

Michael Fix is senior vice president and director of studies at the Migration Policy Institute (MPI). Demetrios G. Papademetriou is the president and cofounder of MPI. Madeleine Sumption is a policy analyst at MPI.

July, 6 x 9, 200 pp. paper, 978-0-9831591-0-0, $29.95 / £20.99

FALL 2012 35 NEW BOOKS | Institute for the Study of the Americas

Broken Government? American Politics in the Obama Era Iwan Morgan and Philip John Davies, eds.

arack Obama’s election as president in 2008 generated wide- 4. Singularity, Separation, and Sharing Bspread hope that the United States was entering a new era 5. Tenure Reform and Presidential Power whereby government, in a reversal of Ronald Reagan’s famous dic- 6. The Politics of the U.S. Budget tum, would be the solution to the nation’s manifold problems amid 7. Losing Voice, Losing Trust the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression. The 8. Two Years of Achievement and Strife: The Democrats and Obama election slogan of “Yes We Can” seemed to voice a hope the Obama Presidency, 2009–2010 that new leadership would put right what had gone wrong with 9. The Rise of the Tea Party Movement and American Governance America. Anticipating a new era of government activism, some com- mentators read the death rites on “The Age of Reagan,” the post- Contributors include Edward Ashbee (Copenhagen Business School, 1980 anti-statist trend of American politics. Within a short time, Denmark), Nigel Bowles (Rothermere American Institute and St Anne’s however, “Yes We Can” gave way to “No We Can’t,” as America’s College, Oxford University), John A. Clark (Western Michigan University), Niall Palmer (Brunel University), Andrew Rudalevige (Dickinson College), government became enmeshed in gridlock and political polarization. Brian Schaffner (University of Massachusetts), James A. Thurber (Center The contributors to Broken Government? add their voices to the for Congressional and Presidential Studies, American University), and Alex debate on whether American government truly is broken and, if so, Waddan (University of Leicester). what can be done to fix it. Iwan Morgan is professor of United States Studies and head of U.S. Contents Programmes at the Institute of the Americas, University College London. 1. Introduction: Is American Government Broken? Philip John Davies is director of the British Library’s Eccles Centre for 2. “Hail Gridlock”? American Studies. 3. What’s Wrong with Congress and What Should September, 6 x 9, 230 pp. Be Done About It? paper, 978-1-908857-02-6, $18.95 / £12.50

Committee to protect Journalists

Nilableow Ava Attacks on the Press in 2011 A Worldwide Survey by the Committee to Protect Journalists Preface by Sandra Mims Rowe Introduction by Joel Simon

rade and the Internet are turning us state media operations to dominate the news and amplify their Tinto global citizens, but the news we personal agendas. In European and African nations, authorities need to ensure accountability is often are invoking national security laws and deploying intelligence stopped at national borders. China is services to intimidate the press. Compiled by the Committee ramping up censorship, Iran is jailing to Protect Journalists, an independent nonprofit organization, dozens of journalists, and Turkey is using Attacks on the Press is the world’s most comprehensive guide nationalist laws to stifle critical report- to international press freedom. ing. In Mexico criminals are dictating the news, while in Pakistan shadowy agents Sandra Mims Rowe is chairwoman of the Committee to Protect Journalists. are attacking investigative reporters. Former editor of The Oregonian of Portland, she has twice been named editor of the year by U.S. journalism organizations. Joel Simon is executive Attacks on the Press analyzes press director of the Committee to Protect Journalists. conditions and documents new dan- gers in more than 100 countries world- 2012, 6 x 9, 350 pp. wide. In the Americas, national leaders are building elaborate paper, 978-0-944823-31-6, $30.00 / £20.99

For more information about CPJ, visit www.cpj.org.

36 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION & DEVELOPMENT (OECD)

Perspectives on Global OECD Science, Technology OECD Factbook 2013 Development 2013 and Industry Outlook 2012 Economic, Environmental and New Strategies for Development Social Statistics he world is fac- uring the past Ting major global ECD Factbook Ddecade, the economic changes O2013 is the global economic and challenges. newest edition of a center of gravity has Economies are recov- comprehensive and shifted eastward and ering with varying dynamic statistical southward, creat- degrees of success annual publication ing new opportuni- from the most severe with more than 100 ties for economic downturn since the indicators covering cooperation, trade, Great Depression; and investment, but international competi- also new challenges. tion from new players is eroding the lead of • Agriculture This shifting wealth is a game changer for more established economies; and environ- economic policy and is at the center of the mental pressures are calling into question • Economic Production Perspectives on Global Development series, the sustainability of our development mod- • Education els over time. which documents the phenomenon and • Energy analyzes its implications for social cohesion OECD Science, Technology and Industry • Environment and productive growth strategies. Outlook 2012 provides the statistical • Foreign Aid The 2013 edition discusses the challenges information necessary to define effective • Health and opportunities that the new global responses to these challenges. It reveals scenario and shifting wealth are opening how countries are tackling these issues • Industry in developing countries. The rise of emerg- individually and which approaches are • Information and Communications working. It also details the effects of the ing economies is transforming patterns of • International Trade trade and consumption worldwide. Yet, crisis on innovation and points to ways these new economic opportunities are innovation can help solve environmental • Labor Force marred by concerns about the sustainabili- and social problems. • Population ty of current growth patterns and structural The book reviews key trends in science, • Taxation weaknesses in developing countries. In this technology, and innovation (STI) in OECD • Public Expenditure context, sequenced and coordinated poli- countries and a number of major nonmem- • Research and Development cies become crucial. This report explores ber economies including Argentina, Brazil, the role of deliberate national productive China, Colombia, Egypt, India, Indonesia, The Factbook provides data for all OECD growth strategies to enable the structural the Russian Federation, and South Africa. member countries including regional area changes required to achieve inclusive and It aims to inform policymakers responsible totals, and in some cases for selected sustainable development. for STI policy, business representatives, nonmember economies including Brazil, and analysts about recent and anticipated China, India, Indonesia, Russia, and South November, 7 x 10 ½, 250 pp. changes in the worldwide patterns of STI Africa. For each indicator there is a two- paper, 978-92-64-17711-6, $84.00 and to understand the possible implica- page spread: A text page includes a short tions for policies at both the global and introduction followed by a detailed defini- national levels. tion of the indicator, comments on compa- rability of the data, an assessment of long- September, 7 x 10 ½, 280 pp. term trends related to the indicator, and paper, 978-92-64-17032-2, $84.00 a list of references for further information on the indicator. The opposite page contains a table and a graph providing, at a glance, the key message conveyed by the data. A dynamic link (StatLink) for each table directs the user to a web page where the corresponding data is available in Excel® format.

December, 7 x 10 ½, 292 pp. paper, 978-92-64-17706-2, $70.00

FALL 2012 37 NEW BOOKS | ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION & DEVELOPMENT (OECD)

OECD Internet Economy OECD Economic Surveys Outlook 2012 United States 2012

volving from a data network of wire-connected PCs to a much ECD Economic Surveys are the OECD’s periodic reviews of Ebroader network of portable devices, from mobile phones to Omember and selected nonmember economies. These reports tablet computers, the Internet has become funda-mental infra- provide analysis of developments in the subject country, special structure supporting the economy. It is also on the cusp of a reports on topics of current interest, and extensive statistical much larger expansion, to objects that until now did not typically information. They place an emphasis on comparing the situation have communications capabilities, such as household appliances in the subject country with those in the full OECD community. and items of clothing. The “Internet of things” The edition provides a comprehensive analysis of recent devel- is projected to have more connections than the people using it. opments, policies, and prospects in the United States. The book This raises many important socioeconomic and political issues, features special chapters on labor-market policies and innova- as economies and societies become increasingly intermeshed. tion, along with individual chapters on key economic challenges. Supported by time series data, this publication begins with an For each policy area, a series of recommendations is made. This overview of trends. It highlights how the Internet sector has book includes StatLinks, URLs linking tables and graphs to Excel® proven to be resilient during the recent economic crisis. It then spreadsheets with the underlying data. examines the various drivers and impacts of Internet use and September, 7 x 10 ½, 112 pp. deployment, as well as emerging technologies, e-health, digital paper, 978-92-64-12795-1, $86.00 content, security and privacy, and it also reflects on a methodology for measuring the Internet economy.

September, 7 x 10 ½, 450 pp. paper, 978-92-64-08645-6, $98.00 Preparing Teachers and Developing School Leaders for the 21st Century Redefining “Urban” Lessons from around the World A New Way to Measure Metropolitan Areas ations around the world are undertaking wide-ranging his publication presents a new Nreforms to better prepare children for the higher educational TOECD methodology for defin- demands of life and work in the 21st century. What are the skills ing “urban,” one that enables that young people will need in a rapidly changing society, and cross-country comparison of the what competencies do teachers need to effectively teach those socioeconomic and environmental skills? What can teacher preparation and continuing professional performance of metropolitan areas. development do to prepare graduates to teach well in tomor- It applies this methodology to row’s classroom? What are the different roles and responsibilities twenty-seven OECD countries, and it of upcoming school leaders, and how do countries succeed in includes case studies of urbanization developing these leaders? dynamics in China, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. To help governments effectively address these and other key issues, the U.S. Department of Education, the OECD, and September, 6 x 8, 90 pp. Education International brought education ministers, union paper, 978-92-64-17405-4, $37.00 leaders, and other teacher leaders together in the second International Summit on the Teaching Profession in March 2012. This publication summarizes the evidence that underpinned the summit and highlights its conclusions.

September, 7 x 10 ½, 108 pp. paper, 978-92-64-17421-4, $44.00

38 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION & DEVELOPMENT (OECD)

Education Today 2012 Trends Shaping Education at a Glance 2012 The OECD Perspective Education 2012 OECD Indicators

hat does the OECD have to say about hat does ducation at a Wthe state of education today? What Wthe increas- EGlance is the are the main OECD messages on early ing diversity of our authoritative source childhood education, teacher policies, and societies mean for for accurate and rel- tertiary education? What about student education? How is evant information on performance, educational spending, and global economic the state of educa- equity in education? OECD’s work on these power shifting toward tion in the OECD’s and other important education topics have new countries? In 34 member countries, been brought together in a single acces- what ways are work as well as a number sible source. patterns chang- of nonmember G-20 ing? Trends Shaping nations. The 2012 Organized into eight chapters, Education Education 2012 brings together interna- edition features more than 100 charts, Today 2012 examines early childhood edu- tional evidence to address questions such 200 tables, and 90,000 data. cation, schooling, transitions beyond initial as these. education, higher education, adult learning, In this comprehensive volume, new outcomes and returns, equity, and innova- Each trend is presented in an accessible indicators focus on tion. The chapters are structured around double-page format containing an intro- • The effect of the global economic crisis key findings and policy directions emerging duction, two charts with brief descriptive on education expenditures from recent OECD educational analyses. text, and a set of pertinent questions. The Each entry highlights the main message in trends presented are based on high-quality • The state of early childhood education a concise and accessible way, with a brief international data. The charts contain systems around the world explanation and reference to the original dynamic links (StatLinks) so that readers • Intergenerational mobility in higher OECD source. can access the original data online. education among different socioeconomic groups Education Today 2012 will be an invalu- This book is designed to give policymakers, able resource for all those interested in the researchers, educational leaders, admin- • The impact of education on macro- broad international picture of education, istrators, and teachers a robust, nonspe- economic outcomes, such as GDP as well as for those wanting to know more cialist source to inform strategic thinking • How trends in education spending about OECD work in this important domain. and stimulate reflection on the challenges are affected by variations in teachers’ facing education, whether in schools, uni- salaries, class size, instruction time, and November, 7 x 10 ½, 100 pp. versities, or programs for older adults. It teaching time across countries paper, 978-92-64-17710-9, $39.00 will also be of interest to students and the • Career expectations among boys and wider public, including parents. girls at age 15, as compared to higher education outcomes November, 7 x 10 ½, 100 pp. paper, 978-92-64-17708-6, $42.00 • The makeup of the teaching force in OECD Countries different countries and the training Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, requirements for entering the teaching Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, profession France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, • The pathways and gateways to gain Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, access to secondary and tertiary Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New education Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, September, 7 x 10 ½, 450 pp. Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, paper, 978-92-64-17715-4, $105.00 Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States

OECD books are not available through Brookings in Europe and the UK.

FALL 2012 39 NEW BOOKS | International Labor Office

World of Work Report 2012 Building a Sustainable Confronting Finance Better Jobs for a Better Economy Job-Rich Recovery Mobilizing the 99% for Economic and Social Progress he World of Work uilding a Nicolas Pons-Vignon and Phumzile Ncube, eds. TReport provides BSustainable a comprehensive Job-Rich Recovery s poverty and analysis of recent labor examines the origins inequality are market and social of the deep financial A rising to alarming trends, assesses risks and economic crisis levels in Europe, the of social unrest, and that hit the world continent seems at presents employment economy in 2008 a loss to respond. projections for the and that continues to Political leaders appear next five years. The shape labor market content to liquidate report addresses performance across the social gains made the following questions: the globe. The report discusses general by workers’ struggles. lessons to be learned from financial crises • To what extent has the slow recovery A small minority asso- as well as the role of global imbalances that aggravated social conditions, including ciated with the financial sector, possibly have taken a prominent place in the cur- falling incomes, deepening poverty, even smaller than one percent, stands to rent crisis. It then presents global stimulus and worsening inequality? benefit from a deepening of neoliberalism. measures and assesses their effectiveness, • Have countries gone too far, too fast comparing them with earlier examples This new anthology of essays from the with fiscal consolidation? How should in Argentina and the Republic of Korea. Global Labour Column explores Europe’s they support recovery while meeting Finally, the report provides an overview turmoil and challenges the deep-rooted fiscal goals in the medium term? of policy measures to maintain the recov- consequences of neoliberalism in the North ery momentum in times of increasingly and the South. It sheds light on new move- • What can be expected from recent labor reduced policy space, focusing on the ments and ideas that are emerging to market reforms? importance of quality job creation and defend and mobilize workers, and it points • How can investment be boosted so as demand-led initiatives to build a sustain- to encouraging new policies and directions to ensure a long-lasting recovery in able job-rich recovery. that could lay the foundations of a new both the economy and jobs? order that would have decent work and life 2012, 6 ¼ x 9 ½, 98 pp. at its core. Many of these innovations come • What have been the barriers to imple- paper, 978-92-9014-984-2, $28.00 from the South, and the North may have menting a more job-centered and much to learn from them. equity-enhancing policy approach? Why has the business-as-usual scenario Nicolas Pons-Vignon is senior research fellow maintained its centrality despite the with the Corporate Strategy and Industrial increasing risk of social unrest? Development (CSID) research programme, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. The report calls for a policy approach that He is the editor of the Global Labour Column takes into consideration the urgent need to and founder and course director of the annual create quality jobs and also lays the ground African Programme for Rethinking Development for a more productive, fairer economy and Economics (APORDE; http://www.aporde.org.za). labor market. Phumzile Ncube is an associate researcher with the CSID research programme, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. May, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 120 pp. paper, 978-92-9251-009-1, $50.00 June, 6 ¼ x 9 ½, 150 pp. paper, 978-92-2-126213-8, $30.00

40 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS NEW BOOKS | International Labor Office

Labour in the Global South Protecting the Poor Towards a Greener Economy Challenges and Alternatives A Microinsurance Compendium The Social Dimensions for Workers Volume 2 n reaction to the Sarah Mosoetsa and Michelle Williams, eds. Craig Churchill and Michal Matul, eds. I2008 global financial crisis, the European he twenty-first century has posed seri- his volume pro- Commission and the ous challenges to workers worldwide. It T Tvides a synthesis ILO combined efforts has also brought to the fore extraordinarily of new trends and to examine policies creative responses, forcing us to think practices in the that will lead not only beyond our common understandings of growing market of to a quicker recovery labor, effective trade union strategies, and microinsurance. It but also to a more forms of power. Challenging the global covers the numerous sustainable, envi- North’s dominance in the literature, Labour innovations that have ronmentally friendly, in the Global South presents alternative emerged in recent and equitable global economy. This report approaches as well as creative responses years to meet the aims to promote a clearer understanding to the challenges facing labor in the global challenges of provid- of the nature of the green economy and its South, in countries such as Bangladesh, ing insurance to low-income people, from implications for labor markets, especially Brazil, India, South Africa, and Uruguay. new products and delivery channels to the reallocation of jobs from high- to low- This volume devotes particular attention to consumer education tools. The book also polluting sectors. areas often neglected by organized labor: reviews institutional changes in regulations, The report demonstrates that a double the relationship between ecology, climate providers, and schemes. dividend in terms of increased decent work change, and jobs; unionizing service work; opportunities and a greener economy is the dynamics of trade union−political “This insightful compendium makes a critical possible, provided that complementari- party alliances; gender; and new forms contribution to advancing financial inclusion ties among environmental, economic, and of solidarity. It brings together a group of and the impact of microinsurance around social policies are adequately exploited. It distinguished labor scholars and practition- the globe.” discusses the green policy measures that ers who make an important contribution —Yoshi Kawai, secretary general, International EU countries are currently undertaking, through their rich empirical case studies. Association of Insurance Supervisors with a view to identifying any gaps in the policy mix. It also presents model estimates Contributors include Ruy Braga (Universidade As the microinsurance community dra- on the likely transmission mechanisms aris- de Sao Paulo), Akua Britwum (University of matically evolves and millions more low- ing from these measures. Cape Coast, Ghana), Jacklyn Cock (University income households have access to better of the Witwatersrand), Bruno Dobrusin (Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai), Karen insurance, Protecting the Poor will be an 2012, 6 ¼ x 9 ½, 102 pp. Douglas (Textile, Clothing, and Footwear invaluable resource for policymakers and paper, 978-92-9014-986-6, $28.00 Union of Australia), Luciana Hachmann (Kassel practitioners alike. University), Tom Langford (University of Dhaka), Sue Ledwith (Ruskin College), Babalwa Craig Churchill is senior technical officer Magoqwana (Rhodes University), Sandra of the Social Finance Programme at ILO. Matatu (University of Free State), Zia Rahman Michal Matul heads the Knowledge Team of (University of Dhaka), Sarbeswara Sahoo the ILO’s Microinsurance Innovation Facility. (Mahatma Gandhi Labour Institute, Gujarat), Christoph Scherrer (Kassel University), and Jana Copublished with Munich Re Foundation Silverman (Institute de Economia, Universidade 2012, 6 ¼ x 9 ½, 640 pp. Estadual de Campinas). cloth, 978-92-2-125744-8, $110.00

Sarah Mosoetsa is a senior lecturer in the Department of Sociology at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Michelle Williams is an associate professor at the University of the Witwatersrand.

September, 6 ¼ x 9 ½, 200 pp. paper, 978-92-2-126238-1, $35.00

FALL 2012 41 NEW BOOKS | International Labor Office

Global Wage Report 2012–13 International Standard

“I read the Global Wage Report with much interest—and with much Classification of Occupations admiration. It is not easy to put together a report of this kind, and 2008 (ISCO–08) the ILO seems to have got it absolutely right.” Volume 1 —Adrian Wood, Professor of International Development, his volume presents the structure University of Oxford Tand definitions of all groups in the ages are a major component of decent work, yet serious International Standard Classification Wknowledge gaps remain in this increasingly important area. of Occupations 2008 (ISCO–08) and This report, published biennially, is divided into two parts. Part I their correspondence with ISCO–88. provides information on regional and global trends in the areas ISCO–08 is a four-level hierarchically of wage statistics and wage policies. This is illustrated and structured classification that covers enriched with country-specific examples and noteworthy policy all jobs in the world. Developed with initiatives. Part II offers deeper yet accessible insights into a the benefit of accumulated national single wage-related issue, for instance minimum wage fixing, and international experience as well collective bargaining, or the macroeconomic dimensions of as the help of experts from many wages. The report also contains a rich statistical appendix that countries and agencies, ISCO–08 is can be accessed through the ILO website, which researchers fully supported by the international can use in their own analyses. community as an accepted standard for international labor statistics. November, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 106 pp. paper, 978-92-2-126236-7, $50.00 The classification of occupations is divided into two volumes: Volume I presents the structure and definitions of all groups in ISCO–08 and their correspondence with ISCO–88, which it super- sedes, while Volume II will provide an updated and expanded index of occupational titles and associated ISCO–08 and ISCO–88 codes. International Journal of 2012, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 476 pp. Labour Research paper, 978-92-2-125952-7, $70.00 Social Justice and Growth: The Role of the Minimum Wage Volume 4, Number 1 World Report on Child Labour 2012 his issue of the IJLR is dedicated to campaign and policy ow can we reduce child labor in the unfavorable circum- developments relating to minimum wages around the world. T stances of a global economic slowdown? This new flagship Minimum wages have garnered renewed interest in recent years H report, the first in a series to be published annually by the ILO’s as a lever not only to reduce poverty and inequality, but also to International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor, brings stimulate the economy. This volume seeks to reflect a variety together research on child labor and social protection, identifying of experiences starting with the “living wage” campaigns in the policies that are designed to achieve multiple social goals. United States, policy efforts to strengthen the minimum wages in Brazil and India, the Asia Floor Wage initiative aiming to set a This report includes analyses of national child labor trends based common real wage floor in Southeast Asia’s garment industry, on the latest survey data, discussions of the role of poverty and and the current debate on a minimum wage for Europe. Finally, economic shocks in rendering households vulnerable to child analysts from the ILO provide a short and highly useful guide to labor, and detailed consideration of income transfers, public minimum wage-setting methodology. employment programs, social insurance, and microcredit initiatives as they have been implemented around the world. June, 6 x 9, 120 pp. paper, 978-92-2-126311-1, $42.00 The report distills a broad range of research in economic and social policy and should be of interest to those looking for ways to combat poverty in the present and reduce its burden on the next generation.

October, 8 ¼ x 11 ¾, 100 pp. paper, 978-92-2-126234-3, $50.00

ILO books are available through Brookings Institution Press only in North America. Many of these books are also available in French and Spanish editions directly from the ILO at www.ilo.org

42 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS BROOKINGS JOURNALS

Brookings Papers on Economía Economic Activity Journal of the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association David H. Romer and Justin Wolfers, eds. Raquel Bernal, Ugo Panizza, Roberto Rigobón, and Rodrigo Soares, eds. BPEA Spring 2012 Economía Fall 2012 Contents Tentative contents • Democratic Change in the Arab World, Past and Present Eric Chaney (Harvard University) • Price and Financial Stability in Modern Central Banking José De Gregorio (Central Bank of Chile) • Disentangling the Channels of the 2007–2009 Recession James Stock (Harvard University) and Mark Watson • Foreign Entry and the Mexican Banking System, 1997–2007 (Princeton University) Stephen Haber (Stanford University) and Aldo Musacchio (Harvard Business School) • Macroeconomic Effects of FOMC Forward Guidance Jeffrey Campbell, Charles Evans, Jonas Fisher, and • Temporal Aggregation in Political Budget Cycles Alejandro Justiniano (Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago) Jorge Streb and Daniel Lema (CEMA) • Is the Debt Overhang Holding Back Consumption? Karen Dynan (Brookings Institution) November, 6 x 9, 175 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2434-6, $36.00 / £25.00 • The Euro’s Three Crises ebook, 978-0-8157-2435-3, $36.00 / £25.00 Jay Shambaugh (Georgetown University) • Fiscal Policy in a Depressed Economy J. Bradford DeLong (University of California–Berkeley) Economía Spring 2012 and Lawrence Summers (Harvard University ) Contents August, 6 x 9, 350 pp. • China’s Emergence in the World Economy and Business Cycles in paper, 978-0-8157-2432-2, $36.00 / £25.00 Latin America ebook, 978-0-8157-2433-9, $36.00 / £25.00 Ambrogio Cesa-Bianchi (Inter-American Development Bank), M. Hashem Pesaran (University of Cambridge), Alessandro Rebucci (Inter-American Development Bank), Now Available and TengTeng Xu (University of Cambridge) • Retail Price Setting in Uruguay BPEA Fall 2011 Fernando Borraz (Banco Central de Uruguay) and Leandro Zipitria (Universidad de Montevideo) Contents include • Adapting Natural Resource Enterprises under Global Warming in • Recession and the Costs of Lost Jobs Latin America: A Mixed Logit Analysis Steven J. Davis (University of S. Niggol Seo (University of Sydney) Chicago) and Til von Wachter (Columbia University) • Evaluating the Impact of the Brazilian Public School Math Olympics on the Quality of Education • What Do Small Businesses Do? Roberta Loboda Biondi (Fundaçāo Getulio Vargas), Erik Hurst and Benjamin Wild Lígia Vasconcellos (Itau Unibanco), and Naercio Menezes-Filho Pugsley (University of Chicago) (Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa) • Unemployment Insurance and Job Search in the Great Recession May, 6 x 9, 175 pp. Jesse Rothstein (University of California–Berkeley) paper, 978-0-8157-2373-8, $36.00 / £25.00 ebook, 978-0-8157-2374-5, $36.00 / £25.00 • The Effects of Quantitative Easing on Interest Rates: Channels and Implications for Policy Arvind Krishnamurthy and Annette Vissing-Jorgensen (Northwestern University) • Practical Monetary Policy: Examples from Sweden and the United States Lars E. O. Svensson (Sveriges Riksbank) • The Income- and Expenditure-Side Estimates of U.S. Output Growth—An Update to 2011Q2 Jeremy J. Nalewaik (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System)

2012, 6 x 9, 411 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2371-4, $36.00 / £25.00 All Brookings journals are also available in both print and electronic form ebook, 978-0-8157-2372-1, $36.00 / £25.00 through subscription. For information on rates or to subscribe to any Brookings journal, phone 866-698-0010 or visit www.brookings.edu/ press/journals.aspx

FALL 2012 43 PREVIOUSLY ANNOUNCED

Agents of Change Strategy and Tactics for Social Innovation Campaign 2012 Sanderijn Cels, Jorrit de Jong & Frans Nauta Twelve Independent Digital Schools Drawing on original empirical research in Ideas for Improving How Technology the United States, Canada, Japan, Germany, American Public Can Transform Denmark, and the Netherlands, this book Policy Education presents case studies of social innovation that have led to significant social change. Benjamin Wittes, ed. Darrell M. West

Copublished with the Ash Center for An indispensable guide to the key questions This insightful book examines new models of Democratic Governance and Innovation, facing White House hopefuls in 2012, featur- education made possible by enhanced infor- Harvard Kennedy School of Government ing analyses of policy issues currently vexing mation technology, including personalized 2012, 6 x 9, 275 pp. the nation. Among the Brookings scholars learning; distance learning; special education; paper, 978-0-8157-2262-5, $28.95 / £19.99 offering their expertise, Ron Haskins looks social media; and video games and augmented ebook, 978-0-8157-2263-2, $28.95 / £19.99 at fiscal policy, Michael O’Hanlon discusses reality in K-12 and higher education. America’s next moves in South Asia, and Alice 2012, 6 x 9, 160 pp. Rivlin examines health care issues. cloth, 978-0-8157-2244-1, $26.95t / £18.99 2012, 6 x 9, 250 pp. ebook, 978-0-8157-2245-8, $26.95 / £18.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2198-7, $26.95t / £18.99 America’s New ebook, 978-0-8157-2199-4, $26.95 / £18.99 Swing Region Changing Politics and Demographics in the Mountain Conflict or Fiscal Therapy West Convergence? A Rehab Program Ruy Teixeira, ed. The Challenges of for America’s Foreign Policy in a Addiction to Debt “If you want to look more deeply into party Globalized World divisions and population trends affecting the William G. Gale upcoming election, this is the book for you.” Federiga Bindi & Irina —John B. Judis, senior editor, Angelescu, eds. Gale explains the scope and nature of the The New Republic deficit problem facing the United States and This book analyzes the degree of policy offers sensible, balanced, workable solutions 2012, 6 x 9, 196 pp., convergence—and divergence—among a in clear language, drawing on national history, paper, 978-0-8157-2286-1, $28.95 / £19.99 select group of EU member states on topical ebook, 978-0-8157-2287-8, $28.95 / £19.99 the experiences of other countries, and issues and toward specific countries and economic analysis. regions, including the Middle East and the Mediterranean. November, 6 x 9, 175 pp. cloth, 978-0-8157-2246-5, $26.95t / £18.99 November, 6 x 9, 320 pp. ebook, 978-0-8157-2247-2, $26.95 / £18.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2248-9 $29.95 / £19.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2249-6, $29.95 / £19.99 Bending History Barack Obama’s Investing in Foreign Policy Children Martin S. Indyk, The Decline Work, Education, Kenneth G. Lieberthal and Social Policy & Michael E. O’Hanlon in Saving in Two Rich A Threat to “This is an extremely thoughtful and intel- Countries ligent analysis of the Obama administration's America’s Prosperity? Ariel Kalil, Ron Haskins foreign policy—a model of serious research & Jenny Chesters, eds. on contemporary foreign affairs. It is the best Barry P. Bosworth account of the Obama foreign policy that I “A unique look at three policy domains related have read.”—Fareed Zakaria, CNN, host of Barry Bosworth examines why saving rates in to children’s academic achievement and a “Fareed Zakaria GPS” the United States have fallen so precipitously sobering picture of the trade-offs and difficulties over the past quarter century and evaluates countries face in trying to level the playing field A Brookings FOCUS book the consequences for reduced saving for the for children from disadvantaged backgrounds.” 2012, 5 ½ x 8 ½, 342 pp. future wellbeing of Americans. —Sara McLanahan, Princeton University cloth, 978-0-8157-2182-6, $29.95t / £19.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2183-3, $29.95 / £19.99 2012, 6 x 9, 135 pp. 2012, 6 x 9, 240 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2135-2, $26.95 / £18.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2202-1, $28.95 / £19.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2136-9, $26.95 / £18.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2203-8, $28.95 / £19.99

44 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS PREVIOUSLY ANNOUNCED

Open Budgets The Political Economy of Transparency, Participation, and Rocky Times Accountability New Perspectives Managing Sanjeev Khagram, Archon Fung & on Financial India’s Nuclear Paolo de Renzio, eds. Stability Forces This book examines the characteristics, causes, Yasuyuki Fuchita, and consequences of the shift toward greater Richard J. Herring & Verghese Koithara transparency and participation in budget set- Robert E. Litan, eds. tings across Asia, Africa, and Latin America. “Despite India’s 1998 declaration that it was Experts from academia and the banking sys- now a nuclear weapon state, its long march to November, 6 x 9, 275 pp. tem analyze the difficult issues concerning acquiring sufficient deterrence is still incom- paper, 978-0-8157-2337-0, $29.95 / £20.99 troubled large financial institutions within the plete. Verghese Koithara’s Managing India's ebook, 978-0-8157-2338-7, $29.95 / £20.99 United States and Japan, as well as those in Nuclear Forces shows why.”—Ashley J. Tellis, other nations. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Copublished with the Nomura Institute of 2012, 6 x 9, 294 pp. Capital Markets Research cloth, 978-0-8157-2266-3, $59.95 / £39.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2267-0, $59.95 / £39.99 Reforming the August, 6 x 9, 160 pp. paper, 978-0-8157-2250-2, $26.95 / £18.99 Not available from Brookings in South Asia. Public Sector ebook, 978-0-8157-2251-9, $26.95 / £18.99 How to Achieve Better Transparency, Service, and The Metropolitan Revolution Leadership Transpacific Rebalancing Building the Next Economy from Implications for Trade and Giovanni Tria & the Ground Up Giovanni Valotti, eds. Economic Growth Bruce Katz & Jennifer Bradley Barry P. Bosworth & Masahiro Kawai, eds. This book presents comparative perspectives The authors discuss how states can help of government reform and innovation, dis- Leading economists from either side of the build the foundation of the new economy by cusses three decades of reform, and explores Pacific analyze such issues as the impact of adequately supporting their metropolitan eco- public-sector strategic management. exchange rates; policy choices facing the nomic engines. They also explain the federal “Asian tigers”; specifics and effects of trade Copublished with the Italian National School government’s role in this transformation—what imbalances in countries including the United of Public Administration (SSPA). it can do to help, and what it should not do. States, South Korea, Thailand, India, and China. 2012, 6 x 9, 320 pp. A Brookings FOCUS book paper, 978-0-8157-2288-5, $32.95 / £22.99 Copublished with the Asian Development ebook, 978-0-8157-2289-2, $32.95 / £22.99 January, 5 ½ x 8 ½, 160 pp. Bank Institute cloth, 978-0-8157-2151-2, $24.95t / £16.99 November, 6 x 9, 384 pp. ebook, 978-0-8157-2152-9, $24.95t / £16.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2260-1, $34.95 / £23.99 Previously announced as ebook, 978-0-8157-2261-8, $34.95 / £23.99 The Metropolitan Moment Nn ew i pAPERBACK Repairing Paradise Urban and The Restoration of Obama and Regional Policy China’s Rise Nature in America’s National Parks and Its Effects, An Insider’s Vol. 4 Account of William R. Lowry America’s Asia Margaret Weir, Nancy Repairing Paradise details and assesses four Strategy Pindus, Howard Wial & ambitious efforts to reverse environmental Harold Wolman, eds. Jeffrey A. Bader damage in the national parks: the reintroduc- tion of wolves in Yellowstone; reducing the Volume four of the series introduces and “Anyone interested in foreign policy, particu- impact of vehicle traffic in Yosemite; restoring examines thoroughly the concept of regional larly regarding Asia, will find this highly read- fresh water to the Everglades; and removing resilience, explaining how resilience can be able account fascinating.”—Carla Hills, former structural impairments to river flows in the promoted—or impeded—by regional charac- U.S. Trade Representative Grand Canyon. teristics and public policies. 2012, 6 x 9, 171 pp. 2012, 6 x 9, 287 pp. 2012, 6 x 9, 341 pp. cloth, 978-0-8157-2242-7, $26.95t / £18.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2270-0, $22.95 / £15.99 paper, 978-0-8157-2284-7, $32.95 / £22.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-2243-4, $26.95 / £18.99 ebook, 978-0-8157-0392-1, $22.95 / £15.99 e-book, 978-0-8157-2285-4, $32.95 / £22.99

FALL 2012 45 INDEX

Affordable Excellence, 18 Chinese ASBM Development, 30 Fiscal Therapy, 44 Huang, H., 26 Agents of Change, 44 Choe, S.H., 33 Fix, M., 35 Huntoon, D., 31 Ahmed, A., 1 Choi, J.J., 30 Francis, A., 23 America’s New Swing Region, Churchill, C., 41 Free and Open Source Software Immigrants in a Changing 11, 44 and Technology . . ., 22 Labor Market, 35 Cisneros, H., 10 Angelescu, I., 44 Frey, W.H., 11 In the Name of Justice, 14 Conflict or Convergence? 44 Arab Awakening, 16 From Despair to Hope, 10 In the Whirlwind of Jihad, 24 Confronting Finance, 40 Arab Society in Revolt, 16 Fuchita, Y., 45 Indyk, M.S., 2, 3, 44 Confronting Suburban Poverty Aramendia, M., 32 in America, 10 Fung, A., 45 Inequality in America, 18 Astrow, A., 26 Crisis Federalism, 15 Future of School Integration, 28 Innovations in Scaling Up Attacks on the Press, 36 Development Impact, 16 International Journal of Labour Dadush, U., 18 Gaddy, C.G., 3 Research, 42 Bass, M., 17 Davies, P.J., 36 Gagna, E., 33 Int. Standard Classification of Bejing Ponders NATO Military de Jong, J., 44 Gale, W.G., 44 Occupations, 42 Withdrawal . . ., 30 de Oliveira, J.A.P., 21 Geoghegan, T., 28 Investing in Children, 15, 44 Bending History, 2, 3, 44 de Renzio, P., 45 Global Sustainability and the Iranian Nuclear Crisis, 25 Bernal, R., 43 Responsibilities of Universities, 31 Decline in Saving, 44 Ismailzade, F., 30 Berube, A., 10 Global Wage Report 2012–13, 42 Derviş, K., 18 Bindi, F., 44 Gold and the International Digital Schools, 44 Monetary System, 26 Journey into America, 1 Bohr, A., 26 Diversity Explosion, 11 Gordon, T., 15 Journey into Islam, 1 Boko Haram in West Africa, 31 Donahue, J.D., 12 Gormley, W.T., 15 Jung, W., 16 Bosworth, B.P., 44, 45 Dong-won, L., 33 Government’s Greatest Bradley, J., 10, 45 Duderstadt, J.J., 31 Investigations, 12 Kahlenberg, R.D., 28 Brender, A., 33 Dynasty, 33 Governor’s Solution, 29 Kalb, D., 13 Broken Government? 36 Graham, C., 13 Kalb, M., 13 Brookings Papers on Economic Green Economy and Good Activity, 43 East Moves West, 19 Kalil, A., 45 Governance for Sustainable Kastor, P.J., 7 Brown Center Report, 14 Economía, 43 Development, 21 Katz, B., 10, 45 Brown, H., 5 Education at a Glance 2012, 39 Greenprint, 29 Kawai, M., 19, 45 Building a Sustainable Job-Rich Education Governance for the Gross, B., 14 Recovery, 40 Twenty-First Century, 8 Kemp, J., 19 Guide to the European Bunde, T., 26 Education Today 2012, 39 Parliament 2012–14, 27 Khangram, S., 45 Burns, N., 20 Egenhofer, C., 32 Kharas, H., 16 Bush, R.C., 4 Eggers, W.D., 7 Hakjoon, K., 33 Kneebone, E., 10 Business and Climate Policy, 21 Engdahl, L., 10 Hansen, R., 35 Koithara, V., 45 Erickson, A.S., 30 Haseltine, W.A., 18 Kushida, K., 33 Campaign 2012, 5, 44 Escaping Victimhood, 22 Haskins, R., 44 Campbell, C., 14 Ethical Challenges of a Soldier, 31 Haunting Legacy, 13 Labour in the Global South, 41 Capps, R., 35 EU Information Handbook He, W., 44 Lambert, C., 29 2011, 27 Carmassi, J., 32 Hepburn, D., 26 Landau, L.B., 23 EU Made Simple, 27 Catalyzing Development, 16 Herring, R.J., 45 Lannoo, K., 32 Everard, J., 33 Cels, S., 44 Hess, S., 6 Li, C., 14 Exorcising the Demons Within, 23 Change Ahead, 34 Hill, F., 3 Lieberthal, K.G., 2, 3, 44 Chandy, L., 16 Hill, P.T., 14 Light, P.G., 12 Financial Regionalism and Chatham House Reports, 26 the International Monetary Hosono, A., 16 Linn, J., 16 Chesters, J., 44 System, 19 Howard, G.E., 30 Lipman, M., 24

46 BROOKINGS INSTITUTION PRESS INDEX

Litan, R.E., 45 OECD Internet Economy Ronit, K., 21 Towards a Greener Economy, 41 Lombardi, D., 19 Outlook 2012, 38 Rowe, S.M., 33 Transpacific Rebalancing, 45 Loveless, T., 14 OECD Science, Technology, and Roy, O., 16 Trends Shaping Education Industry Outlook 2012, 37 , 39 Lowry, W.R., 45 Royal, B., 31 2012 O’Hanlon, M.E., 2, 3, 44 Russia in 2020, 24 Tria, G., 45 Oi, J.C., 33 Tripodi, P., 31 Majerowicz, S., 29 Oil to Cash, 29 Troubled Transition, 33 Makino, K., 16 Saalman, L., 24 Olcott, M.B., 24 Turkmenistan under Managing Borders in an Salamon, L., 17 Only Beautiful, Please, 33 Berdimuhamedow, 26 Increasingly Borderless World, 35 Sampford, C., 23 Open Budgets, 45 Managing India’s Nuclear Samudra Manthan, 25 Forces, 45 Uncharted Strait, 4 Schnabel, A., 22 Manna, P., 8 Panizza, U., 43 Urban & Regional Policy Vol. 4, 45 Scowcroft, B., 20 Marvit, M., 28 Papademetriou, D.G., 35 Search for Social Mattoo, A., 29 Parayil, G., 22 Entrepreneurship, 12 Valiente, D., 32 Matul, M., 41 Peacemaker, 33 Securing Cyberspace, 20 Valotti, G., 45 McGuinn, P., 8 Perils of Proximity, 4 Sherr, J., 26 Varghese, R., 26 Megatrends in Global Perspectives on Global Shifting Capital, 26 Voices for Children, 15 Interaction, 34 Development 2013, 37 Shimizu, K., 33 Merlini, C., 16 Petrov, N., 24 Shin, G.W., 33 Weber, L.E., 31 Metropolitan Revolution, 10, 45 Pifer, S., 2 Siberian Curse, 3 Weifang, H., 14 Micossi, S., 32 Pindus, N., 45 Simon, J., 36 Weir, M., 45 Middle Ranking Emerging Pisani, F., 33 Weitz, R., 30 Powers and Africa, 26 Skeptic’s Case for Nuclear Politics and Civics of National Disarmament, 2 West, D.M., 44 Milsom, S.P., 18 Service, 17 Soares, R., 43 What So Proudly We Hailed, 7 Mohan, C.R., 25 Pollack K.M., 16 Soft Power, 26 Whatever Happened to the Molajoni, A., 26 Pons-Vignon, N., 40 South Caucasus 2021, 30 Washington Reporters, Moore, M.H., 12 Popovski, V., 23 1978–2012, 6 Sovereign Debt Crisis, 33 Morgan, I., 36 Ports in a Storm, 12 Why Labor Organizing Should Sowe, S.K., 22 Be a Civil Right, 28 Mosoetsa, S., 41 Preparing Teachers and Stancil, B., 18 Why Nuclear Arms Control Is Developing School Moss, T., 29 Still Important, 2 Leaders . . ., 38 Star Spangled Security, 5 Mousavian, S.H., 25 Wial, H., 45 Price, J., 20 State and Local Pensions, 9 Mr. Putin, 3 Williams, M., 41 Price Formation in State of Nonprofit America, 17 Multi-Tier NATO, 26 Commodities . . ., 32 Straub, D., 33 Winslow, J., 5 Munnell, A.H., 9 Protecting the Poor, 41 Strife and Progress, 14 Wittes, B., 5, 44 Pursuit of Happiness, 13 Subacchi, P., 26 Wolfers, J., 43 Nauta, F., 44 Subramanian, A., 29 Wolman, H., 45 Ncube, P., 40 Redefining “Urban”, 38 Sumption, M., 35 World of Work Report 2012, 40 Nivola, P.S., 7 Reforming the Public Sector, 45 Sunami, A., 22 World Report on Child Labour Noetzel, T., 26 2012, 42 Repairing Paradise, 45 Syncretization, 33 Norms of Protection, 23 World’s Changing Industrial Resilient Sector, 17 Landscape, 26 Nuclear Crossroads, 24 Rethinking Asset Management Tabyshalieva, A., 22 Nye, J.S., 20 in Europe, 32 Teixeira, R., 11, 44 Young Children of Black Rethinking National Identity. . ., 34 Thistle and the Drone, 1 Immigrants in America, 35 Obama and China’s Rise, 45 Rigobon, R., 43 Thornton, J.L., 14 OECD Economic Surveys, 38 Rocky Times, 45 Time to Set Banking Regulation Zenn, J., 31 OECD Factbook 2013, 37 Romer, D.H., 43 Right, 32

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