Sustainability Analysis of Project Components of Narayanganj District Under RIIP 2 Project
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Acknowledgement The author acknowledges the gratefulness of the highest order to all of them including the EA in particular. In addition all the data retrieved for this study purpose is copyright property of the aforementioned firms and has been used for the purpose of this study at their consent and approval. Or the data collection, the appraisal team used questionnaires. The field offices, union councils and overall the enrolled agent offices allocated their human resources for the data collection process. The author also expresses his deepest gratitude to Syed Mahbubur Rahman, project director of the RIIP 2. His willingness and flexibility to allow the author in close proximity with the appraisal team, was the foremost important deciding factor of this thesis. The author also expresses his gratitude towards the director of the PMO, hifab international. First the author approached Hifab through Richard de Wet and Nils Gardet (Hifab Director for RIIP 2). And from there, the author gets in touch with the LGED project director for RIIP 2 - Syed Mahbubur Rahman. The PMO (Project Management Office) then directed the author to the DSM (Design, supervision and Monitoring) wing and ITC (Technical Co-operation Consultant).The author also expresses his profound gratitude to his supervisor Mr. Peter Brooking, for giving guidance and bearing with him for so long. The author is also immensely grateful to KTH authority for allowing him ample extension of his studentship tenure to complete his dissertation. And also I wish to express my gratitude to Mr.Tigran Hass for his comments and feedback on the draft. And finally the support from my family especially from my mother and spouse, whose inspiration has helped me to finally finish it off 1 Executive Summary This research firstly analyzes the prevailing practice of conducting sub project appraisals or feasibility studies under the scope of sustainability. Then the research debates on the existing capital intensive, people exclusive, quantitative methodology of conducting SARs and urges on introducing more people oriented right based approach of doing such type of study for donor funded projects in Bangladesh. From the study it was found that ADB launches a very detail feasibility study before launching RIIP 2 project where they looked at environment, social and economic aspect of the project components. The cut throat methodology of quantitative research was adopted with barely participation of the community. Whereas, if PRA was adopted as the tool for the feasibility it would have been less capital intensive and for inclusive from a right based perspective 2 . Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 5 1.1. Aim 5 1.2. Research Questions 5 1.3. Methodology 6 1.3.1. Conducting the SAR 6 1.3.2. Data Collection from Field 7 1.3.3. Extraction of Results 7 1.4. Scope of the study 7 1.5. Literature review 8 1.6. Anticipated Outcome 8 Chapter 2: Background of the Project 9 2.1. Introduction of the study 9 2.2. Involved Stakeholders of the project 9 2.3. Components of the project assessed in Narayanganj 11 2.4. Field Study 17 2.5. Data Collection 17 2.6. Counterpart Support 18 Chapter- 3: Challenges in Development 19 3.1. Challenges in assessing ADB projects in Bangladesh 19 3.2. What is the current development discourse of Bangladesh? Why aid does not work 19 3.3. Why development failed 20 3.4. What can be done to improve the established method of sub project appraisals 21 3.5. The core concept of PRA 21 Chapter- 4: Methodology 25 4.1. Sub-Project Synopsis 25 4.2. Economic Analysis 25 4.3. Social Analysis 27 Analysis by Scoring of the Schemes 27 4.4. Environmental Analysis 28 4.4.1. Identification of Major Environmental Components 28 4.4.2. Screening 28 4.4.2.1. Low Impact Sub-Projects 29 4.4.2.2. Medium Impact Sub-Projects 29 4.4.2.3. High Impact Sub-Project 29 4.4.3. Environmental Parameters 29 4.4.3.1. Categorization of Sub-Components 30 4.4.3.2. Prioritization 31 Chapter- 5: Results and Discussions 32 5.1. Economic Analysis 32 5.1.1. Upazila Road 32 5.1.2. Union Roads 33 5.1.3. Growth Center Market and Rural Hat/ Bazar 34 5.1.4. Jetty / Ghat 34 5.2. Social Analysis 34 5.2.1. Upazila Road 34 5.2.2. Union Road 36 5.2.3. Growth Center Market and Rural Hat/ Bazar 36 5.2.4. Jetty / Ghat 37 5.3. Environmental Analysis 37 5.3.1. Upazila Road 37 5.3.2. Union Road 38 3 5.3.3. Growth Centre Market 39 5.3.4. Jetty/Ghat 39 Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations 40 6.1. Result Based Recommendation 40 6.2. Final Conclusion 42 6.3. Operational/management aspects 42 6.4. Cost regimes 42 6.4.1. More transparent management 42 6.4.2. Introduction of PRA as alternative tool for conducting SAR 42 6.4.2.1. A very strong toll for analysis: 43 6.4.2.2. A handy tool for massive scale data collection 43 6.4.2.3. Practical examples of using PRA for massive scale studies in Bangladesh and sub- continent 44 6.4.2.4. Wider acceptance, increasing popularity of PRA 44 6.4.2.5. Incorporating sustainable livelihoods; 45 6.4.2.6. People oriented approach Vs cut throat –professional assessments 45 6.4.2.7. Changing the parameters beyond statistics: 45 6.4.2.8. Rethinking discounting methods in economic analysis: Less is often good 46 6.4.2.9. Adopting PRA : our accountability 46 Appendix A 47 Appendix B 47 Appendix C 47 Bibliography 48 [ List of Tables Table 1Financial plan of RIIP 2 (source: Asian Development Bank, July 2006,)......................................................................................... 9 Table 2: Upazila-wise sub-components (schemes). .......................................................................................................................................... 12 Table 3: Data collected from primary and secondary sources for Economical, Environmental and Social analysis ............................ 18 Table 4:Number of Schemes under RIIP-II in Narayanganj District............................................................................................................. 25 Table 5: Scoring of Schemes for Social Analysis ............................................................................................................................................. 27 Table 6: Environmental Components .................................................................................................................................................................. 28 Table 7: Scale and Scoring Model of Environmental Screening .................................................................................................................... 29 Table 8: Selected Parameters Model for environmental analysis of Upazila /Union Road improvement .............................................. 30 Table 9: Selected Parameters Model for environmental analysis of GCM/Rural Hat-Bazar improvement ........................................... 30 Table 10: Selected Parameters Model for environmental analysis of Ghat/Jetty improvement ............................................................... 30 Table 11: Selected Parameters Model for environmental analysis of UPC Construction.......................................................................... 30 Table 12: Overall Environmental Assessment Model: Roads ........................................................................................................................ 30 Table 13: Overall Environmental Assessment Model: Roads and GCMs .................................................................................................... 31 Table 14: Prioritization scoring matrix of the study ......................................................................................................................................... 31 Table 15: Result of Economic Analysis (UZR)................................................................................................................................................. 32 Table 16 : Result of Economic Analysis (UNR) ............................................................................................................................................... 33 Table 17: Summary of result of Economic Analysis ........................................................................................................................................ 34 Table 18: Scheme-wise Social Analysis of Upazila Roads ............................................................................................................................. 35 Table 19: Scheme-wise Social Analysis of Union Roads................................................................................................................................ 36 Table 20: Scheme-wise Social Analysis of UHQM, GCM and Rural Hat/Bazar........................................................................................ 36 Table 21: Social Analysis Results of Jetty/ Ghats............................................................................................................................................. 37 Table 22: Environmental Results of Upazila Road ........................................................................................................................................... 37 Table 23: Environmental Results of Union Road ............................................................................................................................................. 38 Table 24: Environmental Results of Growth Centre Market..........................................................................................................................