International History Bowl – Round 2 Middle School
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The British Commonwealth and Allied Naval Forces' Operation with the Anti
THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH AND ALLIED NAVAL FORCES’ OPERATION WITH THE ANTI-COMMUNIST GUERRILLAS IN THE KOREAN WAR: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE OPERATION ON THE WEST COAST By INSEUNG KIM A dissertation submitted to The University of Birmingham For the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham May 2018 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis examines the British Commonwealth and Allied Naval forces operation on the west coast during the final two and a half years of the Korean War, particularly focused on their co- operation with the anti-Communist guerrillas. The purpose of this study is to present a more realistic picture of the United Nations (UN) naval forces operation in the west, which has been largely neglected, by analysing their activities in relation to the large number of irregular forces. This thesis shows that, even though it was often difficult and frustrating, working with the irregular groups was both strategically and operationally essential to the conduct of the war, and this naval-guerrilla relationship was of major importance during the latter part of the naval campaign. -
Francia. Band 44
Francia. Forschungen zur Westeuropäischen Geschichte. Herausgegeben vom Deutschen Historischen Institut Paris (Institut historique allemand) Band 44 (2017) Nithard as a Military Historian of the Carolingian Empire, c 833–843 DOI: 10.11588/fr.2017.0.68995 Copyright Das Digitalisat wird Ihnen von perspectivia.net, der Online-Publikationsplattform der Max Weber Stiftung – Deutsche Geisteswissenschaftliche Institute im Ausland, zur Verfügung gestellt. Bitte beachten Sie, dass das Digitalisat urheberrechtlich geschützt ist. Erlaubt ist aber das Lesen, das Ausdrucken des Textes, das Herunterladen, das Speichern der Daten auf einem eigenen Datenträger soweit die vorgenannten Handlungen ausschließlich zu privaten und nicht-kommerziellen Zwecken erfolgen. Eine darüber hinausgehende unerlaubte Verwendung, Reproduktion oder Weitergabe einzelner Inhalte oder Bilder können sowohl zivil- als auch strafrechtlich verfolgt werden. Bernard S. Bachrach – David S. Bachrach NITHARD AS A MILITARY HISTORIAN OF THE CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE, C 833–843 Introduction Despite the substantially greater volume of sources that provide information about the military affairs of the ninth century as compared to the eighth, the lion’s share of scholarly attention concerning Carolingian military history has been devoted to the reign of Charlemagne, particularly before his imperial coronation in 800, rather than to his descendants1. Indeed, much of the basic work on the sources, that is required to establish how they can be used to answer questions about military matters in the period after Charlemagne, remains to be done. An unfortunate side-effect of this rel- ative neglect of military affairs as well as source criticism for the ninth century has been considerable confusion about the nature and conduct of war in this period2. -
The Royal Canadian Navy and Operation Torch, 1942-19431
"A USEFUL LOT, THESE CANADIAN SHIPS:" THE ROYAL CANADIAN NAVY AND OPERATION TORCH, 1942-19431 Shawn Cafferky Like other amphibious animals we must come occasionally on shore: but the water is more properly our element, and in it...as we find our greatest security, so exert our greatest force. Bolingbroke, Idea of a Patriot King (1749) The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) corvettes that supported the Allied landings in North Africa beginning in November 1942 achieved substantial success. This little-known story is important, for the Canadian warships gave outstanding service at a time when the fortunes of the main RCN escort forces in the north Atlantic had dropped to their nadir. Problems resulting from overexpansion and overcommitment had, as has been fully documented in recent literature, raised grave doubts about the efficiency of Canadian escorts.2 What has yet to be properly acknowledged was that the operations of RCN ships in the Mediterranean and adjacent eastern Atlantic areas during these same months of crisis demonstrated that given an opportunity Canadian escorts could match the best. On 25 July 1942, after months of high-level discussions concerning the strategic direction of the war, Allied leaders agreed to invade North Africa in a campaign named Operation Torch, rather than immediately opening a second front in Europe. On 27 August 1942 the First Sea Lord signalled Vice-Admiral P.W. Nelles, Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS), "that Admiral Cunningham's [Naval Commander Expeditionary Force] Chief of Staff, Commodore R.M. Dick, would be visiting him in Ottawa with some information."3 The material proved to be an outline of Operation Torch, along with a request that the RCN provide escorts for the operation. -
Prudentius of Troyes (D. 861) and the Reception of the Patristic Tradition in the Carolingian Era
Prudentius of Troyes (d. 861) and the Reception of the Patristic Tradition in the Carolingian Era by Jared G. Wielfaert A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Jared Wielfaert 2015 Prudentius of Troyes (d. 861) and the Reception of the Patristic Tradition in the Carolingian Era Jared Gardner Wielfaert Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto 2015 ABSTRACT: This study concerns Prudentius, bishop of Troyes (861), a court scholar, historian, and pastor of the ninth century, whose extant corpus, though relatively extensive, remains unstudied. Born in Spain in the decades following the Frankish conquest of the Spanish march, Prudentius had been recruited to the Carolingian court under Louis the Pious, where he served as a palace chaplain for a twenty year period, before his eventual elevation to the see of Troyes in the 840s. With a career that moved from the frontier to the imperial court center, then back to the local world of the diocese and environment of cathedral libraries, sacred shrines, and local care of souls, the biography of Prudentius provides a frame for synthesis of several prevailing currents in the cultural history of the Carolingian era. His personal connections make him a rare link between the generation of the architects of the Carolingian reforms (Theodulf and Alcuin) and their students (Rabanus Maurus, Prudentius himself) and the great period of fruition of which the work of John Scottus Eriugena is the most widely recogized example. His involvement in the mid-century theological controversy over the doctrine of predestination illustrates the techniques and methods, as well as the concerns and preoccupations, of Carolingian era scholars engaged in the consolidation and interpretation of patristic opinion, particularly, that of Augustine. -
The Story of Flt Sgt. R. Laverty, 202 Squadron by John Mulholland
Death by Friendly Fire - the story of Flt Sgt. R. Laverty, 202 Squadron by John Mulholland In the 1991 Gulf war there was an incident of a US warplane mistakenly killing British ground troops. In the fog of war death by friendly fire is more frequent than most people imagine. This is the story of one such incident concerning my uncle, Flt Sgt. Robert Laverty, aged 18, who was killed along with his nine crew members in November 1942. Robert Anthony Laverty was born on 2 January 1924 in Moy. Co. Tyrone. He was the fifth of eight children born to Robert and Sarah Laverty. The Laverty family were well known as international horse dealers and breeders. The family had supplied horses to European armies for over 100 years including some of those used by the Light Brigade in the Crimea. Robert Laverty (senior) with his brother had travelled to Russia before the First World War to sell horses to the Czar for his Imperial Cavalry. However, family fortunes changed dramatically in July 1921 when the Laverty brothers entered into an agreement with John Panagolopolous and Co of Athens who were contractors to the Greek Government. The agreement was to supply 3000 horses for the Greek Army. Two lots were shipped and paid for but the final lot was held up because of a disagreement between the contractor and the Greek Government. This resulted in the Laverty family having to pay all their creditors without receiving payment themselves. Despite long legal battles the case was never resolved and the Laverty family faced severe financial difficulties for the following 30 years. -
The Empire That Was Always Decaying: the Carolingians (800-888) Mayke De Jong*
The Empire that was always Decaying: The Carolingians (800-888) Mayke de Jong* This paper examines the potency of the concept of ›empire‹ in Carolingian history, arguing against the still recent trend in medieval studies of seeing the Carolingian empire as having been in a constant state of decay. An initial historiographical overview of medievalist’s perceptions of ›empire‹ over the past century is followed by a discussion of how Carolingian authors themselves constructed, perceived and were influenced by notions of ›empire‹. Bib- lical scholars like Hraban Maur initiated an authoritative discourse on imperium, which in turn, after the 840s, heavily influenced later authors, perhaps most interestingly Paschasius Radbertus in his Epitaphium Arsenii. While the writings of these authors who looked back at Louis’s reign have often been interpreted as revealing a decline of imperial ideals, they must rather be seen as testifying to a long-lasting concern for a universal Carolingian empire. Keywords: Carolingian empire; Historiography; imperium; Louis the Pious; Staatlichkeit. According to most textbooks, the first Western empire to succeed its late Roman predecessor suddenly burst upon the scene, on Christmas Day 800 in Rome, when Pope Leo III turned Charles, King of the Franks and Lombards, and patricius (protector) of the Romans, into an imperator augustus. Few events have been debated so much ad nauseam by modern histori- ans as this so-called imperial coronation of 800, which was probably not at all a coronation; contemporary sources contradict each other as to what happened on that Christmas Day in St. Peter’s church.1 Charlemagne’s biographer Einhard claimed that the vigorous Frankish king »would not have entered the church that day, even though it was a great feast day, if he had known in advance of the pope’s plan«. -
Gender and Moral Authority in the Carolingian Age (2016)
NOTICE: The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of reproductions of copyrighted material. One specified condition is that the reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses a reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. RESTRICTIONS: This student work may be read, quoted from, cited, for purposes of research. It may not be published in full except by permission of the author. 1 INTRODUCTION The common people call the place, both the spring and the village, Fontenoy, Where that massacre and bloody downfall of the Franks [took place]: The fields tremble, the woods tremble, the very swamp trembles… Let not that accursed day be counted in the calendar of the year, Rather let it be erased from all memory, May the sun’s rays never fall there, may no dawn ever come to [end its endless] twilight. -Englebert, 8411 The Battle of Fontenoy in 841 left the Carolingian Empire devastated. It was the only battle of a three-year civil war that left too many dead and the survivors, shattered. During this period of unrest, from 840-843, an aristocratic woman, Dhuoda, endured the most difficult years of her life. The loyalty of her absentee husband, Bernard of Septimania, was being questioned by one of the three kings fighting for an upper-hand in this bloody civil war. To ensure his loyalty, his and Dhuoda’s 14-year old son, William, was to be sent to King Charles the Bald as a hostage. -
Silver Wings, Golden Valor: the USAF Remembers Korea
Silver Wings, Golden Valor: The USAF Remembers Korea Edited by Dr. Richard P. Hallion With contributions by Sen. Ben Nighthorse Campbell Maj. Gen. Philip J. Conley, Jr. The Hon. F. Whitten Peters, SecAF Gen. T. Michael Moseley Gen. Michael E. Ryan, CSAF Brig. Gen. Michael E. DeArmond Gen. Russell E. Dougherty AVM William Harbison Gen. Bryce Poe II Col. Harold Fischer Gen. John A. Shaud Col. Jesse Jacobs Gen. William Y. Smith Dr. Christopher Bowie Lt. Gen. William E. Brown, Jr. Dr. Daniel Gouré Lt. Gen. Charles R. Heflebower Dr. Richard P. Hallion Maj. Gen. Arnold W. Braswell Dr. Wayne W. Thompson Air Force History and Museums Program Washington, D.C. 2006 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Silver Wings, Golden Valor: The USAF Remembers Korea / edited by Richard P. Hallion; with contributions by Ben Nighthorse Campbell... [et al.]. p. cm. Proceedings of a symposium on the Korean War held at the U.S. Congress on June 7, 2000. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Korean War, 1950-1953—United States—Congresses. 2. United States. Air Force—History—Korean War, 1950-1953—Congresses. I. Hallion, Richard. DS919.R53 2006 951.904’2—dc22 2006015570 Dedication This work is dedicated with affection and respect to the airmen of the United States Air Force who flew and fought in the Korean War. They flew on silver wings, but their valor was golden and remains ever bright, ever fresh. Foreword To some people, the Korean War was just a “police action,” preferring that euphemism to what it really was — a brutal and bloody war involving hundreds of thousands of air, ground, and naval forces from many nations. -
HMCS Prince Henry (Ex-North Star) Escapes the St Lawrence Before Freeze-Up 1940
CHAPTER 8 HMCS Prince Henry (ex-North Star) escapes the St Lawrence before freeze-up 1940 CLARKE SHIPS GO TO WAR - AND WAR COMES TO THE ST LAWRENCE On Friday, September 1, 1939, the North Star, was in the middle of her final cruise of the summer, from New York to Montreal, at Bonne Bay, Newfoundland. The New Northland, on her sixth cruise of the season, was in the "Kingdom of the Saguenay." Both are places of great beauty. Passengers looked forward to a calm and peaceful day, but the news from Europe was anything but that. Germany had just invaded Poland. Two days later, on Sunday, September 3, with Germany having ignored a deadline set by the United Kingdom and France to withdraw from Poland, the world would be at war. On the day that war was declared, Donaldson Line's Athenia was a day out from Liverpool, en route from Glasgow to Montreal by way of the Strait of Belle Isle. But she would never reach Canada. Instead, she was torpedoed by the German submarine U-30, whose captain supposedly mistook her for a warship. Some 118 lives were lost in this, the first Allied merchant ship loss of the war. Luckily, conditions allowed 1,300 survivors to be rescued by two cargo ships, one American and one Norwegian, the Swedish yacht Southern Cross and the British destroyers HMS Electra, Escort and Fame. The 5,749- ton Knute Nelson landed 449 survivors at Galway Bay in Ireland, while the Southern Cross rescued 376 and transferred 236 of them to the 4,963-ton City of Flint, which took them on to Halifax. -
Korean War Veterans Association (KWVA), Camp Beauregard, LA
The Graybeards is the official publication of the Korean War Veterans Association (KWVA), Camp Beauregard, LA. MAILING ADDRESS OF THE KWVA: 163 Deerbrook Trail, Pineville, LA 71360. Website: http://www.kwva.org. It is published six times a year for members and private distribution. It is not sold by subscription. The mailing address for change of address is: Administrative Assistant, P.O. Box 101238, Arlington, VA 22210-4238. The mailing address for magazine articles and pictures is: Graybeards Editor, 152 Sky View Drive, Rocky Hill, CT 06067. In loving memory of General Raymond Davis, our Life Honorary President, Deceased. We Honor Founder William Norris Editor Asst Secretary Term 2005-2008 KWVA Liaison to Canadian KVA: Arthur G. Sharp Jake Feaster Robert S. Banker Bill Burns 152 Sky View Dr 22731 N Hwy 329 516 Millwood Dr., Fallston, MD 21047 105 Emann Dr, Camillus, NY 13031 Rocky Hill, CT 06067 Micanopy, FL 32667 [email protected] Ph: 410-877-1935 bgliam.verizon.net Ph: 315-487-1750 Ph: 860-563-6149 [email protected] Jeffrey J. Brodeur Chaplain Emeritus: [email protected] Ph: 352-466-3493 Robert Personette FAX: 775-242-8113 48 Square Rigger Ln., Hyannis, MA 02601 Advertising Editor [email protected] Ph: 508-790-1898 7136 Oak Leaf Drive, Santa Rosa, CA 95409 Frank Bertulis Asst Secretary [email protected] Ph: 707-539-7276 William F Mac Swain 99 Deerfield Ln Frank E. Cohee, Jr. Chaplain: Matawan, NJ 07747-1332 4037 Chelsea Lane 8452 Marys Creek Dr., Benbrook, TX 76116 [email protected] Ph: 817-244-0706 Leonard F. -
HMS Amethyst Association Welcome Welcome to the 65Th Anniversary Newsletter
Newsletter Date Amethyst 03.10.2014 Association HMS Amethyst Association Welcome Welcome to the 65th Anniversary Newsletter. Articles, photos and news from any members or non members would be very welcome, please email them to myself at the email address below. I hope you enjoy this newsletter. Gilly [email protected] Inside this issue National Memorial Arboretum ... 2 President’s Letter HMS Collingwood........................ 2 My daughter, Gillian has agreed to take on the Newsletter, and this is her first edition. I am most Poem for Simon .......................... 3 grateful to her for taking on this task. Remembrance Day 2013……... .... 4 The Portsmouth Reunion was a great success thanks to the careful arrangements of Trudy and Eric. Crossed the Bar ........................... 4 It was great that Admiral Sir Michael Moore was able to join us, and his comments were much ap- HMS Collingwood........................ 4 preciated by us all. Sadly when I got back to Northwood, Eve had a fall and broke her leg. I am now rapidly learning the skills of a carer!! Reunion 2013 .............................. 5 Eve and I have had visits from both Sons and two Grand- Reunion 2014…………………..………..6 daughters living in New Zealand; it was lovely to see them Recollection by Bob Stone……..….7 all and we were envious of their wonderful New Zealand Committee details…………………..…8 summer. Membership………………………………8 Unfortunately one of the NZ visits clashed with TS AME- THYST Annual General Meeting so I was unable to attend, but the minutes show the unit is in fine fettle. Maritimequest Website We look forward to seeing some of you at our next reun- ion. -
Rodulf and Ubba. in Search of a Frisian-Danish Viking Stephen M
Rodulf and Ubba. In search of a Frisian-Danish Viking Stephen M. Lewis To cite this version: Stephen M. Lewis. Rodulf and Ubba. In search of a Frisian-Danish Viking. Saga Book of the Viking Society for Northern Research, VSNR, 2016, 40, pp.5-42. hal-01944836 HAL Id: hal-01944836 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01944836 Submitted on 13 Dec 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Rodulf and Ubba. In Search of a Frisian–Danish Viking 5 RODULF AND UBBA. IN SEARCH OF A FRISIAN–DANISH VIKING BY STEPHEN LEWIS Independent Scholar It is strange that, while students of other Germanic peoples have been obsessed with the identity and office of their leaders, Viking scholars have said very little of such things—a literal case of Hamlet without princes of Denmark! (Patrick Wormald 1982, 144) ODULF WAS A PROMINENT Frisian-based Danish Viking leader in the Rthird quarter of the ninth century. When he was killed in 873 while trying to wrest lands for himself in northern Frisia it was reported by Archbishop Hincmar in the so-called Annals of St Bertin that he ‘had inflicted many evils on Charles’ realm’ (AB 873, 184).