December 2004 CainozoicResearch, 3(1-2), pp. 135-141,
In: Donovan, S.K. (ed.). The Mid-Cainozoic White Limestone Group ofJamaica
The nautiloid Aturia (Mollusca, Cephalopoda)
in the Mid-Cainozoic of Jamaica and Carriacou
Roger+W. Portell¹, Stephen+K. Donovan² & Ron+K. Pickerill³
1 Florida Museum ofNaturalHistory, P.O. Box 117800, University ofFlorida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7800, USA;
e-mail:[email protected]
department ofPalaeontology, NationaalNatuurhistorisch Museum, Postbus 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
e-mail: Donovan@naturalis. nnm.nl department of Geology, University ofNew Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5A3; e-mail: [email protected]
Received 3 January2003; revised version accepted 11 April 2003
Recent collections in Jamaica and Carriacou have of the nautiloid fossil in the Antilles. Hith- yielded new specimens Aturia, a rare
not erto, many of these specimens have been described or illustratedand those derived from the MiddleMiocene Grand Bay Forma-
tion of Carriacou represent the youngest nautiloids now known from the Caribbean. Additionally, stratigraphic nomenclature pro-
vided for some previously reported Jamaica and Carriacou Aturia is herein revised to better place these very uncommon fossils in
their context. proper lithostratigraphic
KEY WORDS:Aturia, Cephalopoda,Jamaica, Carriacou, Eocene, Miocene.
Introduction Miocene? A. cubaemis did not differ greatly from simi-
lar-sized A. alabamensis, commonly found in the Eocene
Nautiloids are rare fossils in the Cainozoic of the Ameri- of the southeastern United States. He also suggested that
cas, including the Caribbean. Nautiloids occur from the the Eocene A. panamensis and A. peruviana might be
Paleocene to Miocene of the Antillean but and noted the close of both region, are conspecific, similarity spe-
unknown from younger deposits (Schmidt & Jung, 1993, cies to typical representatives of A. alabamensis. Jung
table that reflects the decline of this the Miocene curvilineata in 1), a pattern global (1966) placed A. synonymy that time with the Miocene cubaensis. group at (Miller, 1947, 1949; Kummel, 1964, A. Clearly, specific place-
fig. 280). Teichert (1986, p. 234) noted that, ‘... no re- ment of Aturia fossils is problematic, with their indiffer-
mains of nautiloids had been from ever reliably reported ent preservation, and nominal species being based on rocks of Pliocene or Pleistocene age anywhere in the juveniles or the remnants of more mature individuals
world.’ Indeed, apart from rare loliginid statoliths (Furnish & Glenister, 1987; Chirat, 2000; R.A. Hewitt,
fossil (Clarke & Fitch, 1975, 1979), cephalopods are written comm.). Our new material from the Lower Mio-
unknown from the Plio-Pleistocene of the Antillean re- cene Montpelier Formation (White Limestone Group) of
gion. Jamaica, and the Middle Miocene Grand Bay Formation
Caribbean nautiloidsattributable to the genus Aturia of Carriacou are similarly difficult to include in nominal
have been from the Eocene of with confidence. Chirat Bronn, 1838, reported species (2000) made an elegant Panama and the Colombia, Jamaica, Venezuela, Oligo- argument that the global diversity of Aturia may be in-
cene of Cuba and Puerto Rico, and the Miocene of Car- flated due to geographically separated and indifferently
Trinidad and Vene- different riacou, Cuba, Jamaica, Martinique, preserved specimens being given names, when
zuela (Miller, 1947; Jung, 1971; Schmidt & Jung, 1993; they represented widely drifted shells of but a few spe-
Donovan et al., 1995). Four nominal species of Aturia cies (in contrast, taphonomic evidence from shells at
have been from the A. localities local reported Caribbean; peruviana some suggests they are mortalities of ju- A. cubaensis Olsson, 1928, panamensis Miller, 1947, A. veniles; R.A. Hewitt, written comm.). This formed part
(Lea, 1841), and A. curvilineata Miller & Thompson, of Chirat’s argument for the necessity of a thorough
1937. However, the of these conchs taxonomic revision of the systematic position genus. In consequence, we is below the level. consider it very problematic generic For exam- conservative to place all of our specimens
Miller considered that the of from Jamaica and Carriacou in nomenclature ple, (1947, p. 92) holotype open as - 136-
Specimen Locality Formation
Aturia A* sp. A*
NMB J 31311 NMB 1089710897 Troy Formation
B+ Aturia sp.
UF 3881338813 UFXJ015 MontpelierFormation
UF 6842268422 UFXJ015 MontpelierFormation
UF 6842768427 UFXJ015 MontpelierFormation
UF 6843668436 UFXJ015 Montpelier Formation
UF 107841 UFXJ015 MontpelierFormation
* Table = 1. Aturia sp. from the White Limestone Group of Jamaica. Key: see Schmidt & Jung(1993, text-fig. 1) for locality map Claremont Formation this is the Formation (although originally reported as (Jung, 1971), outcrop now part Troy (Mitchell,
+ = Donovan 2004)), see (1995, fig. 1.2) for locality map.
Specimen NMB Locality Formation
Aturia C Aturia sp. C
NMBJNMB J 32964 10793,northnorth of Kendeace Pt. Kendeace Formation
NMB J 32965 13759, west ofKendeace Pt. Kendeace Formation
NMBJNMB J 32966 13759,west ofKendeace Pt. Kendeace Formation
D Aturia sp.
UF 108574108574 10730, Point St. Hilaire Grand Bay Formation(tuffaceous facies)
UF 108575108575 10707,north of Tarleton Pt. Grand Bay Formation (tuffaceous facies)
UF 112028 10707,north of Tarleton Pt. Grand Bay Formation(tuffaceous facies)
UF 112029 10708, Tarleton Point Grand Bay Formation (tuffaceous facies)
UF 112030 10723,north of Tarleton Pt. Grand Bay Formation (sandy facies)
UF 104796104796 10804,northof Pt. Saint Hilaire# Basal Grand Bay Formation
Table 2. Aturia sp. from the Miocene ofCarriacou, The Grenadines. See Jung(1971, text-fig. 1) for locality map. Key: # = this lo-
cality was consideredby Jung(1971) to be Kendace Calcareous Silt Member, but it is now consideredto be the basal member of the Grand Bay Formation (Donovan el al., 2003).
A to while that of most that this collected from Aturia sp. D, recognising some our probable specimen was species may subsequently be shown to be synonymous if what is now the mid Lower to mid Middle Eocene Yel- superior specimens become available. low Limestone Group, in which nautiloids are more di-
All discussed herein in the & specimens are reposited verse (Schmidt Jung, 1993; Donovan et al., 1995; Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel (NMB) or the Florida Donovan & Draper, 2001). Jung (1972, table 1) and
of Natural of Schmidt recorded Museum History, University Florida, & Jung (1993, pp. 349, 351, fig. 4.4) Gainesville of nomenclature of (UF). Our philosophy open only a single fragmentary specimen Aturia sp. from follows Bengtson (1988). the Eocene Claremont Formation (= Troy Formation
from sensu Mitchell, 2004) and none are reported the
Jamaican Oligocene. The youngest Caribbean nautiloids
Jamaica are Miocene and in Jamaica are locally common in the
Lower Miocene Montpelier Formation (Schmidt & Jung,
The White Limestone Group of Jamaica, a unit exposed 1993, p. 349; Donovan et al., 1995, p. 589, figs 1.2-1.4). over more than half the island, has been studied and de- Specimens only occur in deep-water deposits on slide
researchers for blocks derived from shallow-water the bated by numerous over 175 years (see, reefs, exposed at disused chalk of for example, De la Beche, 1827; Sawkins, 1869; Hill, large, quarry near Duncans, parish 1899; Trechmann, 1922; Hose & Versey, 1957; Versey, Trelawny.
1957; Zans et al., 1963; Wright, 1974; Robinson, 1994).
Mitchell (2004) provided a revised lithostratigraphic Carriacou
scheme for the White Limestone Group that we follow herein. The Miocene sedimentary geology of Carriacou was
De la Beche (1827, p. 170) provided the earliest rec- described in detail by Robinson & Jung (1972), Speed et ord of a nautiloid. Nautilus, from his white limestone al. (1993) and Donovan et al. (2003); two of the four
It formation (see also Miller, 1947, p. 10). is considered Miocene formations have yielded Aturia. - 137-
Aturia Jamaica. Figure 1. spp. from the WhiteLimestone Group,
1 - Aluria NMB J Eocene sp. A, 31311 (Middle Troy Formation), right lateral view of incompletephragmocone (internal mould),
x 1.
- Aturia UF lateral view of RTV 2-5 sp. B, 107841 (Lower Miocene Montpelier Formation), right (2) silicone rubber peel taken
from incomplete external mouldof phragmocone; posterior view (3) ofinternal mould; apertural view (4) of internal mould; left
lateral view (5) ofinternal mould.All x 1.5.
All specimens photographed uncoated. The recommendationof Stridsberg (1990), to illustrate cephalopod shells in their presumed
life position, has been followedherein. - 138-
The Kendeace Formation rests unconformably on the ity between NMB J 31311 and Eocene A. alabamensis
Lower? Miocene Belmont Formation (Donovan et al., figured in Miller (1947, pi. 58), but, given the incom-
2002, fig. 3). The Kendeace Formation is conglomeratic plete condition of the internal mould, they determined in with included clasts of but is that identification unwarranted. part, igneous origin, pri- specific was This speci- siltstone unit horizons. marily a containing limestone men is also close to A. panamensis Miller (R.A. Hewitt, This formation is discontinuous above the Belmont For- written comm.). mation (Speed et al., 1993), grading upwards into limestones of the Middle Miocene Carriacou Formation.
The Grand Formation is the Miocene Bay highest unit, Aturia sp. B but is conformable the not on Carriacou Formation Figure 1/2-5
(Donovan et al., 2003). The formation consists mainly of
volcaniclastic sandstones and siltstones Aturia — conglomerates, 1993 sp. Schmidt & Jung, p. 349, table 1.
— et with some horizons rich in macrofossils. 1995 Aturia sp. Donovan al., p. 589, figs 1.2-1.4.
Prior to this report, Jung (1971, table 1) listed Aturia
and horizon — Five cubaensis? from the Lower to Middle Miocene Ken- Material, locality specimens (see
Table UF 38813 deace Formation. New collections made by the authors 1), (Donovan et al., 1995, figs 1.2-1.4), 68422, 68427, 68436 and 107841 All on Carriacou in 2000 and 2001 have extended the occur- (Figure 1/2-5). specimens collected from UF XJ015 in rence of Aturia into the Middle Miocene Grand Bay locality large,
shallow-water, scleractinian slide blocks at a disused Formation, among the youngest nautiloids known from chalk 5.0 km of the the conchs west Duncans on the south side region. In present communication, Aturia quarry, from of the main Al north coast of both the Kendeace and Grand Bay formations are road, parish Trelawny, Jamaica described and illustrated for the first time (Table 2; Fig- (NGR approximately 887 020, 1:50,000 topo- sheet 3 "Falmouth-Browns ure 2). graphic (metric edition),
Town"; GPS reading 18° 28’ 30" N IT 34’ 46" W) (for
locality map, see Donovan, 1995, fig. 1.2). Lower Mio-
White Limestone Systematic palaeontology cene Montpelier Formation, Group (Mitchell, 2004).
Order NautilidaL. Agassiz, 1847
— consists of Family Aturiidae Flyatt, 1894 Description UF 38813 part and counter- internal mould of show- Genus Aturia Bronn, 1838 part fragments a phragmocone
ing anterior view with septa and foramen of siphuncle
visible. The specimen is 14.1 mm in diameter and 7.3
mm wide. UF 68442 is broken and disarticulated (14 Aturia sp. A
and to five infilled Figure 1/1 fragments) represents up chambers.
The more complete chambers are hollow. The largest
which is two is Aturia — 11.5 in 1972 sp. Jung, p. 466, tables 1, 2. fragment, partial chambers, mm
1993 Aturia sp. — Schmidt & Jung, pp. 349, 351, fig. longest dimension. UF 68427, the second most complete
4.4. specimen of the five, consists of the internal mould of a
phragmocone embedded in limestone. The right lateral
side shows 13 sutures; only one chamber is visible ven-
— The is 24.2 in diameter Material, locality and horizon One specimen (Table trally. specimen mm and 8.6 mm wide. 1), NMB J 31311, from a road cut on the Hermitage UF 68436 is the anterior portion of an external
Dam Road, Stony Hill, above Kingston, Jamaica (for mould of a phragmocone. Several in situ, infilled cham- bers also locality map, see Schmidt & Jung, 1993, fig. 1; NMB are visible, one of which was extracted during
initial The external mould is 32.9 in locality 10897). Derived from an exposure originally preparation. mm reported to be Claremont Formation (Jung, 1971; diameterand 12.3 mm wide. UF 107841, the largest and
Schmidt & considered be of the most consists of internal mould Jung, 1993), now to part complete specimen, an
Middle Eocene Troy Formation, WhiteLimestone Group with an external mould of the right lateral and anterior
sides. infilled chambers (Mitchell, 2004). Eight are complete and there are
several incomplete chambers. An RTV silicone rubber
Description — An incomplete internal mould ofthe right peel of the external mould measures 43.2 mm in diame-
and 22.6 wide. lateral portion of an adult phragmocone with eight ter mm
chambers and visible umbilicus. Siphuncle not seen.
dimension of Remarks — At UF XJ015 internal and Longest incomplete specimen is 124.7 mm locality only ex- ternal moulds have been shell (142 mm according to Schmidt & Jung, 1993, p. 349). collected; no original re- mains and if distortion in very little, any, occurs these
Remarks — Schmidt fossils. & Jung (1993) noted some similar- cephalopod - 139-
2. Aturia the Miocene of The Grenadines, Figure spp. from Carriacou,
- Aturia C NMB 1-3 sp. (Lower to Middle Miocene Kendeace Formation), J 32964, right lateral view (1) of recrystallized incom- 1.5; NMB J lateral view of plete phragmocone, x 32965, right (2) incomplete phragmocone, x 1.5; NMB J 32966,apertural view
1. (3) of incomplete phragmocone, x
4-7 - Aturia sp. D (Middle Miocene Grand Bay Formation), UF 104796, left lateral view (4) of incomplete phragmocone, x 1.5; view of apertural (5) phragmocone, x 1.5; UF 108575, left lateral view (6) of incomplete phragmocone, x 1.0; apertural view (7)
of phragmocone, x 1.
All specimens photographed uncoated. Therecommendationof Stridsberg (1990), to illustrate cephalopodshells in their presumed
life position, has been followedherein. - 140-
all UF — Nearly specimens (UF 38813, 68422, UF Description UF 104796 is a nearly complete phrag- 68436 and UF either 107841) exhibit, partly or fully, a mocone, missing only a small portion of dorsal surface.
of small calcite both the exterior and The dorsal coating crystals on missing shell reveals a calcite crystal infill-
hollow interior of the internal moulds Donovan A thin shell (see et ing. aragonite covers much of the specimen, al., Donovan & Ported where 1995, figs 1.2-1.4). (2000) re- but, absent, septa are revealed; a closed umbilicus similar of calcite echinoids ported coatings crystals on is also visible. The diameter is 26.1 mm and maximum
from this the width is 11.7 locality. Furthermore, specimen figured mm. UF 108574 consists of two pieces that herein is notable for been make (UF 107841) having infested a nearly complete phragmocone (except for a small of clionid Entobia by borings sponges, isp. (Blissett & missing fragment of the posterior and dorsal surfaces).
Pickerill, 2004). Donovan & Draper (2001) discussed the The interior contains mostly sandstone with minor cal- of in Jamaican fossil significance sponge borings nauti- cite spar. Lateral compaction of the right side is evident. loids. Diameter is 32.1 mm and maximum anterior width is
11.3 mm. UF 108575 is a recrystallized partial phragmo-
infilled with sandstone cone and missing some of its
Aturia sp. C dorsal surface. Like UF 108574, lateral compaction of 2/1-3 Figure the phragmocone is evident on the right (lateral) side and
covered is by a thin, friable aragonite shell. Diameter is
1971 Aturia cubaensis — table 1 (Lea)? Jung, 56.0 mm and maximum anterior width is 20.5 mm. UF
1972 Aturia — Robinson & Jung, p. 121. 112028 is a large, very poorly preserved phragmocone missing much of its dorsal and lateral surfaces. Visible
Material and horizon — Three specimens (see Table 2 are the septa and sandstone infilled chambers. The Atu-
for locality information); NMB J 32964 J (Figure 2/1), ria shell is very soft and crumbles easily. Diameter is 32965 (Figure and J 32966 from the 2/2) (Figure 2/3), 57.6 mm and maximum anterior width is 23.0 mm. UF
Kendeace Formation of Carriacou 112029 is (Jung, 1971; Speed et a nearly complete phragmocone embedded in
al., Lower to Middle Miocene. 1993). matrix with greater than half its left outer shell missing,
revealing its septa and chambers infilled by sandstone.
— NMB J 32964 is The umbilicus Description an incomplete phragmo- is visible on the left side, the right side
cone with a thin covering of leached shell over about not been having prepared. Diameter is 31.8 mm, anterior
one-third of an internal mould. hollow width Nearly five, not measurable. UF 112030 is a phragmocone infilled with calcite chambers, crystals, are visible. The fragment with its anterior surface exposed in the matrix.
specimen is 30.8 mm in diameter and 11.6 mm at its Diameter is approximately 35.0 mm, width not measur-
widest. The smallest (juvenile), but most nearly com- able.
plete, phragmocone, NMB J 32965, is 13.6 mm in di-
ameter and 9.9 mm wide. It is embedded in matrix and
has a thin covering of shell on the right lateral portion of
the The left side phragmocone. exposes portions of an Acknowledgements internal mould encrusted by calcite crystals. NMB J
32966 is the and least Aturia from the Research in largest complete Jamaica and Carriacou was supported by Kendeace Formation. It consists of chamber two frag- National Geographic Society grants 5562-95 and 6625-
ments that fit NMB J 32966 is which tightly together. mostly 99, respectively, we gratefully acknowledge. Ad- infilled with muddy sandstone; calcite crystal infilling is ditionalfunding for fieldwork in Jamaica and Carriacou minor. A the outside of these thin shell covers fragments. was provided to RWP by the McGinty Endowment at the Maximum diameter of these joined fragments is 85.2 University of Florida, and by Barbara and Reed Toomey
mm and maximum width is 34.3 mm. thank (Gainesville, Florida). We our many students and colleagues who have been involved in Jamaica fieldwork
Remarks — table Although Jung (1971, 1) tentatively (especially at Duncans Quarry). Donovan J. Blissett
placed NMB J 32964 in Aturia cubaensis?, this species collected the fine particularly specimen of Aturia sp. B left in nomenclature Robinson was subsequently open by (UF 107841). Peter Jung and Rene Panchaud (both
& Jung (1972). NMB) kindly arranged the loan of Aturia specimens. We
thank David A.T. Harper, Trevor A. Jackson and the late
Roy Blackman for comradeship and assistance with
Aturia sp. D fieldwork in Carriacou. Our reviewers, Regis Chirat 2/4-7 Figure (Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, Villeurbanne) and A. Hewitt Roger (Leigh-on-Sea, Essex), are thanked for
Material — and horizon Six specimens (see Table 2 for their insightful comments. This is University of Florida UF 104796 2/4, locality data); (Figure 5), 108574, Contribution to Paleobiology 531 and a contribution to 108575 112029 and (Figure 2/6, 7), 112028, UF 112030. SKD’s Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden,
All from the Grand Bay Formation of Carriacou, Middle project ‘Caribbeanpalaeontology.’ Miocene. - 141 -
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