THRHi: NI'W SYMI'ATKK PLEOCOMA FROM Mil. s< >1 Mil R1 .1! RR

I I NEVADA MOUNTAINS OF CALIFORNIA KOI OF] RA: S( ARABA1 ID i

Frank I. H0VORE 1

Abstract: Two new species and one new subspecies iii Pleocoma an d< cribctl from sympatric populations in the Greenhorn Mountains of the southern Siena Nevada range, [ntraspecific character variation, comparison to closely related forms and biology arc di

following each description, An ecological description of the lype locality is also presented.

Beetles of the genus Pleocoma have long been golden hairs; dorsal surface closely, irregularly prized and much sought alter by Pacific coast punctate, with broad smooth area extending from base coleopterists, yet our knowledge of the habits and lateral of vertical horn anteriorly to base of ocular canthus; clypeal process small, constricted at distribution of the genus is still rather fragmentary. base, only moderately rcflcxcd. anterior face slightly The three new forms described herein help I ill a concave medially, apex with moderately deep, obtuse large distributional gap between the central Sierra notch, apical angles of notch acute, rounded; vertical Nevada and Tehachapi Mountains. They also horn elongate, sides subparallel, apex with shallow, present the first recorded instance of three obtuse notch, apical angles of notch rounded, anterior Pleocoma species occurring sympatrically. Refine- face of horn evenly convex, surface coarsely punctate, ments in collecting apparatus, easier access to re- punctures elongate, sparsely clothed with long reddish- mote areas, and increased knowledge of male golden hairs; ocular canthi projecting forward from a Pleocoma flight habits will undoubtedly lead to right angle, anterior edge sinuate, apex acutely rounded, dorsal concave, the discovery of more such areas of species surface smooth except for few elongate punctures apically: palpi and antennae sympatry. dark reddish-brown, scape and lamellae darker, scape As in most populations of Pleocoma where stout, subcorneal. second segment moniliform. series have been available for study, the three strongly flattened, third segment elongate, much new taxa presented exhibit considerable minor shorter than scape, slightly reflexed. fourth segment morphological character variation. 1 have there- cylindrical, slightly more than one-half as long as fore selected as diagnostic characters those which third segment, fifth segment strongly transverse with appear most constant, both quantitatively and acute process, segments six to eleven distinctly lamel- qualitatively. late, sixth segment with lamella about two-thirds as Holotypes of new taxa described herein are on long as that of seventh segment, lamella of seventh segment slightly shorter than that of eighth segment, deposit in the Natural History Museum of Los that of eighth distinctly shorter than that of ninth. Angeles County collection (LACM). Other in- lamellae of ninth and tenth segments subequal in stitutions or persons receiving paratypes will be length, that of eleventh only slightly shorter, ratios of abbreviated in the text as follows: California segments six to eleven in holotype 20:30:32:36:36:35. Academy of Sciences, CAS; California Insect Sur- Pronotum piceous, less than twice as wide as long vey, Berkeley, CIS: U. S. National Museum, (length-to-width ratio in holotype 5.85:10.8). widest USNM: F. T. Hovore, FTH: D. G. Marqua, at posterior angles, posterior angles broadly rounded, DGM; C. E. Langston, CEL: T. W. Taylor, TWT: lateral discal impressions feeble, with indistinct H. F. Howden, HFH; B. D. Streit, BDS: G. C. reddish macula; disc evenly convex, anterior median Walters, GCW; M. T. Gannon. MTG: R. L. impression lacking, pubescence entirely absent, surface punc- Westcott, RLW. shining, finely, moderately densely punctate, tures denser anteriorly, less distinct and more widely spaced laterally. Legs dark reddish-brown to piceous. Pleocoma marquai, new species clothed with long reddish-golden hairs. Scutellum Figure 1 finely, sparsely punctate centrally, nearly glabrous.

Description: Male. Form robust, oblong-oval, Elytra black, shining, finely, shallowly, irregulari moderately convex, dorsum slightly flattened; in- punctate, sutural striae moderately impressed, coarsely. tegument mostly dark brown to piceous; pubescence reddish-golden. Head black, vertical and an- 1 horn Placerita Canyon Nature Study Center. 1 terior process of clypeus thinly clothed with reddish- Placerita Canvon Road. Newhall, Ca

69 70 in III ll\ sol mi i<\ < ILIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES VOLUME 71

Figure I. Pleocoma marquai, new species, left lateral view of head and pronotum, holotype (male). Scale equals 2 mm.

irregularly punctate, geminate striae at margins of longer than second segment, fourth segment slightly costae feeble, indicated only by single row of fine, transverse, fifth segment with acute process, segments shallow punctures, costae with few minute punctures, six to eleven distinctly lamellate, forming club, sixth not elevated. Abdomen dark reddish-brown, sternites segment with short lamella, lamellae of segments moderately densely, irregularly punctate, punctures seven and eight subequal, only about three-fourths moderate in size, thinly clothed with reddish-golden as long as that of segment nine, lamella of segment pubescence. Length 22-28 mm. nine longest, those of segments ten and eleven slightly Female. Form ovate, robust; color reddish-brown; shorter than nine and of decreasing length. Pronotum pubescence pale reddish. Head with clypeus coarsely, convex, shining, dark reddish-brown, lighter laterally, densely punctate, expanded apically, apical angles less than twice as wide as long (length-to-width ratio acute, rounded, anterior margin feebly sinuate near in allotype 9:16.8), widest at posterior angles, pos- median notch, median notch small, shallow, narrowly- terior angles obtusely rounded, disc moderately, ir- rounded; vertical horn very short, stout, apical notch regularly punctate, punctures larger and denser broadly obtuse, rounded, apices rounded; antennae laterally and anteriorly, interrupted medially by vague castaneous. lamellae slightly darker, third segment longitudinal impunctate line. Sculellum finely, sparsely short, subcylindrical, about one and one-half times punctate anteriorly, few punctures with short re- '

I'}/ THREE NEW SYMPATR1C ( PLEOCOMA FROM \LIFOR I

Figure 2. Pleocoma fimbriata Lee, left lateral view of head and pronohim. male. Scale equals 2 mm.

cumbent hairs. Elytra widest behind middle, trans- 7, GCW 21, LACM 4. USNM 3. HFH 4. RLW 4, parent, surface shining, finely, irregularly punctate, CIS 5, CAS 4, MTG 5: 14 a 5 9. .6 mi E Posey. 15 costae elevated, nearly attaining elytral apices, sutural October 1971 to 25 October 1971 (F. T. Hovore) striae distinct, impressed, coarsely punctate, geminate FTH: 23 i 7 9 . 1 mi N and 2 mi N Posey. 16 October striae at costae, feebly impressed, finely, irregularly 1971 to 1 December 1971 (C. E. Langston l CEL:

• punctate. Length 31-40 mm. 24 . Balance Rock Resort, 16 October 1971 to 12 Holotype: Male, California, Tulare Co., Posey, 16 November 1971 (F. T. Hovore. B. D. Streit) FTH 4.

October 1971 (B. D. Streit) LACM. Allotype: Fe- BDS 20. Kern Co.. 9 ; . Glennville. 14 November male, California. Tulare Co.. Posev. 12 November 1968, 15 November 1969. 26 November 1970. 11. 12 1971 (T. W. Taylor) LACM. November 1971 (D. G. Marqua. C. E. Langston. Paratopes (241): CALIFORNIA. Tulare Co., 144 $ B. D. Streit) DGM 3. BDS 2. CEL 4. 15 9, Posey, 8 November 1969 to 20 December 1969, Other specimens examined: CALIFORNIA. Tidarc 23 October 1970 to 26 October 1970, 15 October Co., 17$, California Hot Springs. 13 October 196S. 1971 to 29 November 1971 (D. G. Marqua. T. W. 6 November 1966 (David Fields. 4 with no collector Taylor, B. D. Streit. G. C. Walters. F. T. Hovore, listed). C. E. Langston, Dawn, Rod, and Blaine Bryan. M. T. Discussion and diagnosis: Both sexes Gannon) DGM 17, TWT 31, BDS 42. FTH 12, CEL marquai can be immediately distinguished from 72 Hi III n\ sol THERh ( IL1F0RN1 I i< ADEMY OF SCIENCES VOLUME 71

Figure 3. Pleocoma tularensis Leach, left lateral view of head and pronotum, paratype (male). Scale equals 2 mm.

their closest congeners, P. fimbriata Leconte and as long, while in the 59 males of tularensis ex-

P. tularensis Leach, by the presence of distinct amined, the pronotum is at least twice as wide as lamellae on antennal segments six and seven, with long in all but two specimens, or about 3 percent. that of segment six two-thirds or more as long Pleocoma marquai represents the southernmost as that of segment seven. In both tularensis and form of the fimbriata—tularensis species group. fimbriata, segment six is at most angulate, seg- Thus far, the northernmost known locality for ment seven sometimes with a short projection. marquai is about 30 miles south of the southern- Males of P. marquai may be further differentiated most recorded point of collection of tularensis, from fimbriata and tularensis by the fifth antennal and it is highly probable that somewhere in the segment which is strongly transverse with at least intervening area the two populations overlap. a short projection (at most slightly transverse in Biology: Adults of both sexes and larvae of P.

typical fimbriata and tularensis) , and by the marquai have been collected from burrows shorter, less strongly reflexed clypeal process beneath Ceanothus cuneatus Nutt., and it is prob-

(Figs. 1-3). In all specimens examined of able that this plant serves as the primary larval marquai the pronotum is less than twice as wide host. Pleocoma tularensis males and females have 1972 THREE NEW SYMPATRH PLEOCOMA FROM CAL1FOR IA

Figure 4. PIcocoma rubiginosa, new species, left lateral view of head and pronotum. holotxpe (male). Scale equals 2 mm.

been collected from pupal cells beneath Ceanothus first precipitation of the fall season, usually in cuneatus in Fresno County, and I have also col- early October, and may continue until early De- lected female P. fimbriate! beneath Ceanothus sp. cember in years of relatively low rainfall. Males

(prob. integerrimus H. and A.) in El Dorado will fly throughout the night while it is raining

County. Although it appears that Pleocoma or snowing, and at dusk for several days there- larvae are not necessarily oligophagous (Fellin. after, during weather conditions varying from

1966), the fact that the three species in this group heavy overcast to bright late afternoon sunlight. show an apparent preference for the genus I take pleasure in naming this species after

Ceanothus as a primary host seems to substantiate David G. Marqua. who first brought specimens of their close biological relationship. Pleocoma from the Posey-Glennville area to i

Adult activity of P. marquai in the vicinity of attention, and who has made numeroi - the type locality begins during or shortly after the tions to this studv. 74 in III ll\ SOI nil l<\ < ILIF0RN1A ACADEMY OF SCIENCES VOLVMEll

Figure 5. Pleocoma hoppingi Fall, left lateral view of head and pronotum, male, Scale equals 2 mm.

Pleocoma rubiginosa, new species long reddish hairs; ocular canthi stout, subquadrate, Figure 4 projecting forward slightly from a right angle, an- terior edge sinuate, dorsal surface slightly concave, nearly glabrous; oblique supra-orbital carina distinct, Description: Male. Form robust, broadly oblong- extending medially on ocular canthus; palpi and oval, moderately convex, dorsum slightly flattened; light reddish-brown, lamellae of antennae integument reddish-brown, pubescence pale reddish. antennae slightly scape subconical, slightly flat- Head dark reddish-brown, narrowly margined an- darker, stout, tened dorsally, second segment moniliform, strongly teriorly with piceous, very densely clothed with long flattened, third elongate, subequal to scape reddish hairs; dorsal surface irregularly, shallowly segment fourth rugoso-punctate, with vague smooth area extending in length, slightly angulated anterior at apex, segment only slightly transverse, angulated, fifth from anterior base of vertical horn laterally to apex segment strongly transverse with acute process, seg- of ocular canthus; clypeal process moderately re- six eleven lamellate, sixth segment flexed, anterior face distinctly impressed medially, ments to distinctly lamella two-thirds that of seventh apex deeply, obtusely notched, apical angles produced, with about as long as segment, lamella of seventh more than four- acute, rounded; vertical horn elongate, sides sub- segment fifths as that eighth parallel, apex with moderate rounded notch, apical long as that of eighth segment, of angles acutely rounded, anterior face of horn only distinctly shorter than that of ninth, lamella of ninth slightly concave medially, coarsely, irregularly segment longest, those of tenth and eleventh slightly punctate, punctures elliptical, surface clothed with shorter than ninth, and of decreasing length, ratios 1972 THREE NEW SYMPA1 me PLEOl OMA I ROM ' \LIFO)

six lo eleven in holotype 20:33:40:43: segments : of Mi,lmn Nothing is known "i tl i lai 4 habit 42:40. less Iwiee as wide as long, Pronotum than this specie. The specimens of thi typi crii sides broadly rounded, pus barely widest at middle, captured with blacklighl traps from lanuar) I tenor angles broadly, obtusely rounded, lateral diseal April, considerably later in thi on than the impressions feeble, maculate with piceous; dise eon- normal majoi flighl periods ol othci Pleocoma in vex, anterior median impression moderate, flattened, the area. Although the traps were I I surface shining, densely, coarsely punctate except for various limes during any given night, spci narrow, median longitudinal impunctate line extend- were usually found in Iraps in the ing from anterior lo posterior margins, entire surface the morning, of disc densely clothed with long, erect reddish hairs. indicating that males ol rubiginosa, like tin Scutellum irregularly, moderately coarsely punctate, several other species, fly most numerousi) at 01 moderately densely clothed with long snbreenmbent slighily before dawn (Hazeltine, 1950, 1952: reddish hairs. Elvira rich reddish-brown, transparent, Hovore, 1971). Most of the specimens were col- shining, fairly uniformly, finely, shallowly punctate, lected during heavily overcast skies and log. with striae moderately impressed, irregularly sutural light rain or snow. A few specimens were found punctate, geminate striae at margins of costac feeble, in the traps during a week of warming weather indicated only by single row of fine, shallow punc- following a major snowstorm, flighl probably tures, costac impunctate, not elevated. Abdomen having been initiated by melting snow or ground dark reddish-brown, stcrnites finely, moderately ice late season flight habits also been densely punctate, clothed with long reddish pubescence. have Length 24-29 mm. recorded for /\ hoppingi on the South Fork of the Kaweah River (Fall, 1906): in the ol Holotype: Male, California, Tulare Co.. 1 mi W vicinity Posey, 16 January 1972 (C. E. Langston) LACM. Yosemite National Park (Linslcy. 1941. 1942.

Paratypes: 41 i , same locality as holotype. 2 1943); and at Dry Meadow, Kern County

January 1972 to 1 April 1972 (C. E. Langston) at (I.insley, 1957). It is probable that the last record blacklight trap. CEL 20. LACM 2. CAS 2, CIS 2, refers to a population more closely related to USNM 1, FTH 15, TWT 1, BDS 1, DGM I, HFH 1. rubiginosa than to typical hoppingi. Dry Meadow RLW 1. is in the Piute Mountains, about 24 miles south- east of Posey, while the type locality for hoppingi Discussion and diagnosis: Pleocoma rubiginosa (South Fork of the Kaweah River. Tulare County) is perhaps only subspecifically related to P. hop- is approximately 48 miles north of Posey. Linsley pingi Fall, which it closely resembles in form and (1938b) lists hoppingi from Kernville. approxi- color. Males differ from hoppingi by the presence mately 8 miles east of Posey, and this record un- of only five long lamellae in the antennal club doubtedly refers to a specimen of rubiginosa

(seven in typical hoppingi) , the absence of a rather than typical hoppingi. flattened anteroventral process on the third an- tennal segment, the conspicuous median longitudi- nal impunctate line on the pronotal disc, the much Pleocoma hirticollis rcflcxa. new subspecies more produced, more strongly reflexed clypeal Figure 6 process, and the longer vertical horn (Figs. 4-5). From the other similarly colored species, badia Description: Male. Form robust, oblong-oval, con- Fall and linsleyi Hovore, rubiginosa can be im- vex, dorsum only slightly flattened: integument mediately distinguished by the fewer antennal reddish-brown to piceous: pubescence pale golden. Head black, vertical horn and anterior process of lamellae (seven long lamellae in badia and clypeus moderately densely clothed with long, pale linsleyi), densely hairy, heavily punctate pro- golden hairs; dorsal surface irregularly punctate: notal disc, and subquadrate ocular canthi. clypeal process pronounced, strongly reflexed. nearly As in most of the other species of Pleocoma, parallel with vertical horn, anterior face deeply con- males of rubiginosa exhibit some variation in ex- cave medially, apex with deep, acutely rounded notch, ternal morphology. The relative lengths of the apical angles acute, rounded: vertical horn elongate. first few antennal lamellae vary slightly within sides subparallel, apex with shallow, obtusely rounded the type series, but the basic diagnostic formula notch, anterior face of horn evenly convex, surface

is sufficiently constant to distinguish rubiginosa coarsely punctate, punctures elongate: ocular canth from other closely related species. The absolute nearly right angular to longitudinal midline of head,

shape and size of the clypeal process is also some- anterior edge sinuate, apex broadly, acutely rounded,

what variable, but in all specimens it is much more dorsal surface concave, irregularly punctate: pah produced and more strongly reflexed than in any antennae dark reddish-brown, scape and lame specimen examined of hoppingi. slightly darker, scape stout, subcorneal, second sec- 76 i;i iii n\ SOI ////a'\ c.u.iroiiMA academy of sciences voevmeu

Figure 6. Pleocoma hirticollis refle.xa, new subspecies, left lateral view of head and pronotum, holotype (male). Scale equals 2 mm.

ment moniliform, flattened, third segment elongate, size on disc, larger anteriorly. Scutellum finely, subcylindrical, slightly reflexed, fourth segment moderately densely punctate, moderately clothed with strongly transverse with short projection, segments long recumbent hairs. Elytra rich chestnut-brown, five to eleven distinctly lamellate, fifth segment with transparent, shining, finely, shallowly, irregularly lamella more than four-fifths as long as lamella of punctate, sutural striae moderately impressed, ir- sixth segment, lamella of sixth segment only slightly regularly punctate, geminate striae at margins of shorter than lamella of seventh segment, lamella of costae feeble, indicated only by single row of fine, seventh segment subequal to that of eighth segment, shallow punctures, costae impunctate, not elevated. that of eighth segment slightly shorter than that of Abdomen reddish-brown, sparsely punctate, thinly ninth segment, ninth longest, lamellae of tenth and clothed with long, pale golden hairs. Length 20-25 eleventh segments subequal, slightly shorter than that mm. of ninth. Pronotum piceous, more than twice as wide Female. Form robust, convex; color reddish-brown, as long, widest at posterior angles, posterior angles pubescence pale golden. Head with dorsal surface rounded, lateral discal impressions distinct, maculate densely, coarsely rugoso-punctate; clypeus expanded

with pale reddish-brown; disc strongly convex, ir- apically. apical angles obtuse, anterior margin regularly clothed with long, suberect pale hairs, an- bisinuate. median notch small, very shallow, rounded; terior median impression indicated by narrow flatten- vertical horn very short, stout, apical notch shallow, ing of anterior surface, surface shining, densely, rounded, anterior face deeply impressed medially; irregularly punctate, punctures small to moderate in ocular canthi subtriangular, anterior edge feebly ' 1972 THREE NEW SYMPATRIC PLEOCOM I FROM ALlFOi

Figure 7. Pleocoma hirticollis vandykei Linsley. left lateral view of head and pronotum. male. Scale equals 2 mm.

sinuate, apices acutely rounded; antennae reddish- Holotype: Male. California. Tulare Co.. 1 mi N brown, scape and lamellae slightly darker, third seg- Posey, 18 December 1971 (C. E. Langston) at black- ment elongate, subequal to scape in length, fourth light trap. LACM. Allotype: Female. Tulare Co.. I segment with acute projection, about one-third as mi W Posey. 3500 ft. 27 February 1972 (F. T. long as lamella of fifth segment, segments five to Hovore) dug from pupal cell. FTH. eleven lamellate, forming club. Pronotum dark reddish- Paratypes (17): CALIFORNIA. Tulare Co.. 12 $, brown, lighter laterally: slightly less than twice as 1 mi N Posey. 18 December 1971. 21 December 1971 wide as long, widest at posterior angles, posterior (C. E. Langston) at blacklight trap. CEL 5. FTH 3, angles obtuse, rounded; disc convex, shining, surface CAS 1. CIS 1. LACM 1. USNM 1. Kern Co.. 2 Glennville and vicinity. 14 January 1970. IS January coarsely rugoso-punctate, punctures forming in-

' 1970 (D. G. Marqua). DGM: 1 . Glennville. 26 distinct transverse rows, denser and larger anteriorly, ' November 1970 (F. T. Hovore) FTH: 1 Glennville. lateral discal impression feeble, maculate with

26 November 1970 (C. E. Langston | TWT; 19, piceous. Scutellum sparsely punctate medially, few Glennville. 25 November 1970 (Dawn Bryant TWT. punctures with short erect hairs. Elytra pale reddish- brown, transparent, surface shining, finely, irregularly Discussion and diagnosis: Three apparent!) punctate, sutural striae feebly impressed, indicated distinct forms of Pleocoma hirticollis Schaufuss by single row of punctures, geminate striae at margins can be recognized: P. hirticollis vandykei Linsley of costae indistinct, finely, shallowly punctate, costae (Fig. 7) occurs in the grassland regions stir only slightly elevated, nearly attaining elytral apices. ing San Francisco Bay: the nominate

Length 29-31 mm. P. h. hirticollis Schaufuss. has been c 78 Bl 111 ll\ SOI llll l<\ ( IL1FORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES VOLUME 71 the Sierra Nevada foothills of Yuba and Nevada of from one to four inches. The paratype female

Counties: /'. h. reflexa occurs in the foothills of was found in a schoolyard baseball field. It is the Greenhorn Mountains along the Kern-Tulare possible that the larvae of reflexa feed upon grass Count) border. Males of the three subspecies may rootlets, as do those vandykei (Smith and Potts, be distinguished as follows: 1945; Ritcher. 1947). but the soil from which they were dug is interlaced with numerous rootlets Third segment o( antenna usually angulate an- of Ceanothus cuneatus and Quercus Douglasii H. teriorly, lamella of fourth segment one-third or and A., and a definite feeding preference has not more as long as that of fifth segment, lamella of vet been observed. eighth segment usually longest: clypeal process moderate, slightly reflexed: elytra chestnut-brown. ECOLOGY OF THE TYPE LOCALITY Length 25-28 mm. Yuba and Nevada Counties, California h irticollis Schaufuss (1870). The sympatric occurrancc of three distinctly dif-

ferent species of Pleocoma is unique in the Third segment of antenna usually not angulate recorded distribution of the genus. There are than one- anteriorly, lamella of fourth segment less several localities known where two species are fifth third as long as that of segment, lamella of sympatric, and three species {fimbriata, hirticollis, ninth segment usually longest: clypeal process re- and edwardsi Leconte) have been recorded from duced, only feebly reflexed; elytra piceous to the vicinity of Nevada City, Nevada County, Cali- 17-24 black. Length mm. Alameda, Sonoma, and fornia. However, the exact localities of their col- Yolo Counties, California — lection have not been documented in sufficient de- _ vandykei Linsley (1938). tail to establish a definite area of sympatry. The site near Posey where P. rubiginosa, P.

Third segment of antenna usually not angulate marquai, and P. h. reflexa are sympatric is in a anteriorly, fourth segment of antenna transversely rather poorly defined ecotonal area. The grassy hill- angulate or with vestigial lamella, much less than sides surrounding the site are dotted with deciduous one-third as long as that of fifth segment, lamella Blue Oaks (Quercus Douglasii H. and A.) and of ninth segment usually longest: clypeal process Buckbrush (Ceanothus cuneatus Nutt.), charac- very pronounced, strongly reflexed; elytra chest- teristic of the Foothill Woodland plant community, nut-brown. Length 20-25 mm. Kern and Tulare while the shaded canyon bottoms hold mature Counties, California reflexa Hovore. stands of Yellow Pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl.), Incense Cedar (Libocedrus decurrens Torr.), In the type series the specific diagnostic char- Alder (Alnus sp.), Maple (Acer macrophyllum acters are remarkably constant. The anterior Pursh.), and Willow (Salix sp.). Yellow Pine and clypeal process exhibits slight variation in size and Incense Cedar indicate the lowest influence in in the depth of the median notch, but in all speci- this area of the Yellow Pine Forest plant com- mens the clypeus is more pronounced and much munity (Munz and Keck, 1970), which pre- more strongly reflexed than in any specimen seen dominates at higher elevations. of either vandykei or hirticollis. The color of the The blacklight traps from which the specimens pronotum in the male may vary from reddish- were collected were placed near private dwellings brown to piceous. along the bottom of a well-drained west-facing

canyon at an elevation of approximately 3500 ft.

Biology: Males of reflexa in the vicinity of the The north-facing canyonside is dominated by large type locality have been collected only after the Black Oaks (Quercus Kelloggii Newb.), with area has received several inches of precipitation, brush cover primarily composed of low-growing with dates ranging from late November to mid- stands of Gooseberry (Ribes sp.). Blackberry January. Most specimens were collected at night (Rubus sp.), Rose (Rosa californica Cham, and or at dawn, during or shortly after a drizzling rain. Schlect.). Buckbrush. and Mountain Mahogany I collected a male at incandescent light shortly (Cercocarpus betuloides Nutt.). A thick carpet after dusk following a day of clear cold weather, of leaves covers much of the slope, and the soil and it is probable that male activity continues for beneath is a poorly consolidated clay loam. On several days subsequent to a major flight. the drier, south-facing canyonsides the dominant

The allotypic female and two larvae were dug tree is the Blue Oak, with brush cover widely from their burrows in a grassy clearing, at depths spaced, composed of Buckbrush, Coffeeberry I')72 I < I THREE NEW SYMPATR1C PLEOCOMA hum \LIFORI I

(Rhamnus californica Ksch.), Hlderbcrry (Sam- I ACKNOW1 DGM1 I S bucus mexicana Presl.), Mountain Mahogany and

Honeysuckle (Lonicera interrupta Benth.). The I he authoi wishes lo extend Ins gratitude i" Ihc follow

groundcover consists of numerous grasses and ing persona and institutions i Gorton Linili John A. ( hemsa) oi thi ity small annuals, with Mariposa Lilies (C'alocboi tits Univi of < alifi

Berkeley, foi ihcir generously given time nd d sp.) and Buckwheat (Eriogonum sp.) abundant sistance during the initial research tagi "I thii in May and June. The soil varies from hard- manuscript; Paul Arnaud and Hugh Leech ol Ihc packed decomposing granite to a loose clay loam. ( alifornia Academy of Sciences foi making availabli Pleocoma marquai shows no evident preference the type specimens oi Pleocoma undei theii can for a particular soil type, and is extremely abun- Charles Hogue of the Natural Histor) Museum "i I o dant beneath most stands of Buckbrush. The eleva- Angeles County for reviewing the text ol the inanu tion range observed for marquai is from approxi- script. To the following individuals special gratitude

mately 2900 ft to 4500 ft, and roughly follows is extended for having loaned their fine collection!

the irregular lower margins of the Woodland- of Pleocoma to the author: D. G. Marqua. I W

Taylor. C. E. Langston. B. I). Streit. and \l I Forest ecotonal area. The vegetation mix is simi- Gannon. lar to that of the recorded localities for fimbriata and tularensis. These areas usually receive snow only during the colder winter storms, often not LITERATURE CITED until late in the season. The flight periods of tularensis, and fimbriata are somewhat marquai, Fall. H. C. 1906. A new Platycerus and a new earlier than those of most other Pleocoma species Pleocoma. Km. News. 16:393-395. in the Sierras, and in normal winters they will have

experienced their major period of adult activity Fellin. D. G. 1966. Biology and feeding habits of before the first significant snowfall. Pleocoma larvae in western Oregon coniferous Pleocoma rubiginosa has only been collected forests. Oregon State University, unpublished

at the type locality, at an elevation of 3500 ft. Ph.D. dissertation. 156 pp.

although its affinities are to species which favor

higher elevations. Its closest congener, hoppingi, Hazeltine. W. 1950. Observations on flights of Pleocoma conjungens. Pan-Pacific Ent.. 26:188- has been recorded from 4000 ft to above 6000 ft, 189. and specimens of an undescribed species in the "hoppingi group" have recently been collected on

. 1952. Notes on flights and food plants the eastern side of the Sierras at elevations up to of Pleocoma. Pan-Pacific Ent.. 28:202. 10,000 ft. It is therefore probable that rubiginosa

is more widely distributed in the Yellow Pine Hovore. F. T. 1971. A new Pleocoma from South- Forest community above the Posey site, and prob- ern California with notes on additional species. ably does not occur much lower than 3400 ft. Pan-Pacific Ent.. 47:193-201. The affinities of P. h. reflexa are to Pleocoma populations primarily found in foothill grassland Linsley. E. G. 1938a. Notes on the habits, distribu- areas, and at the Posey site specimens have been tion and status of some species of Pleocoma. dug from the soil on the south-facing slope in an Pan-Pacific Ent.. 14:49-58. open grassy clearing. The other localities for

reflexa are also in the grassy Foothill Woodland distribution — . 1938b. Notes on the habits, community, at 3150 ft and 3700 ft elevations. and status of some species of Pleocoma. Pan-

It is probable that reflexa is the most widely dis- Pacific Ent.. 14:97-104.

tributed Pleocoma in this area, as it would appear

to have the widest potential area of suitable habitat. . 1941. Additional observations and descrip- species Pleocoma. Pan-Pacific If the larva is in fact a mobile rootlet feeder in tions of some of Ent.. 17:145-152. grassy areas, reflexa could conceivably occur in

several floral communities at elevations both

. 1942. Notes on the habits of some beetles higher and lower than presently recorded. The from the vicinit\ of "i osemite National Park. hirticollis species group is found in both the Bull. So. California Acad. Sei.. 41:164-166. Coastal and Sierra Nevada Ranges, and may ulti-

mately prove to be the most widespread and Ent. S -dines, — . 1943. Pacific Coast 5o. evenly distributed species in the genus. in Pan-Pacific Ent.. 19 : —

S7J /(( /// //\ SOI I III R\ ( II II ORXIA ACADEMY Of- SCIENCES VOLUME 71

Schaufuss, L. W. 1870. Pleocoma staff. Nunquam . [957, Distributional records for some species of Pleocoma. Pan-Pacific I'm.. 33:102- Otiosus, 2:50-59. 104.

Smith, R. F., and R. W. L. Potts. 1945. Biological Munz, P. v. and D D Keck 1970. A California notes on Pleocoma hirticollis vandykei Linsley. Flora. Univ. California Press. 5th Ed. 1550 pp. Pan-Pacific Ent.. 21: 115-1 IK.

Ritcher, P. O. 1947. Description of the larva of Pleocoma hirticollis vandykei 'Linsley. Pan- Pacific Ent., 23:11-20. Accepted for publication May 8, 1972.

A REVIEW OF EUCYLLUS HORN (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE, BRACHYRHININAE, PERITELINI)

Frank W. Pelsue and Elbert L. Sleeper 1

Abstract: The genus Eucyllus Horn is reviewed with the three species: vagans Horn. unicolor Van Dyke, and echinus Van Dyke, redescribed and discussed. Three additional species are described as new: saesariatus from Sonora, Mexico, and Arizona, carinarostris

from California, and cinereus from California. Eucyllus tinkhami Tanner is placed in the

genus Eucilinns Buchanan. Distributional and biological information is given for each.

While we were reviewing the Peritelini it became tional Monument were supported by grants from evident to us that the whole tribe was in need of the Long Beach California State College Founda- study. Many new species were encountered in tion. fieldwork in western North America. Because an abundance of material exists and several new EUCYLLUS HORN species required description, the genus, Eucyllus Horn was chosen as a starting point. Eucyllus Horn. 1876:74.

The following standard abbreviations ( Arnett. Encyllus Van Dyke, 1936:31. (lapsus). ct al., 1969) are used: Entomological BYUC— Type species: Eucyllus vagans Horn, by monotypy. collections. Brigham Young University: CASC Description: Rostrum slightly longer than broad, con- Entomological collections. California Academy of tinuous with head; epistoma smooth, devested of Sciences: CIAN—Centro de Investigaciones scales, triangular in shape with carinate margins, and Agricolas del Noroeste; CSCLB—Entomological a fringe of 10-12 setae bordering the carinate margins; collections, California State University, Long head not as long as broad, with smaller and more punctures little or no sculp- Beach: ELS—E. L. Sleeper collector; ELSC— abundant than rostrum, turing; antennae inserted in the basal third of rostrum; E. L. Sleeper collection: FWPC—Frank W. Pelsue scrobe a flat-bottomed channel with no pronounced collection: INIA—Instituto Nacional de Investiga- convex area distad of the eye. Funiculus with seven tiones: LACM—Natural History Museum of Los segments, vestiture of scales and setae similar to re- Angeles County: and United States USNM— Na- mainder of body; scape feebly arcuate attaining an- tional Museum. terior margin of prothorax; club oval-acuminate, Field studies in Baja California were supported clothed with short fine setae. Eyes nearly round,

by the Association for Biological Studies in Baja California. Studies in the desert regions of South- 1 Dept. Biology, California State University. Long western United States and the Joshua Tree Na- Beach, California 90840.