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This Report. the Primary Use of Data Processing in These Districts Is Payroll DI:) CUNCNT RCSUNE ED 031 087 24 EM 007 234 Crest Cities Research Councd Educational Communications Proiect. Final Report. Appendices; Exhibit A, Data Processing in the Creat Cities, March 1967; Exhibit C, Creativity in Urban Education; Exhibit 0, the Central Cities Conference. Crest Cities Program for School Improvement, Chicago, Ilk Spons Agency-Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, D.C. Bureau of Research. Bureau No-BR -7 -0715 Pub Date Feb 69 Contrac t - OEC -3-7-070715 - 3048(010) Note - 410p. Available from- The Research Council of the Great Cities Program for School Improvement, 4433 West Touhy Ave., Chicago, III. 60646 EDRS Price MF -S1.75 HC-S20.60 Descriptors-Adult Education, Adult Education Programs, Art Education, Audiovisual Instruction, Community Planivng, Compensatory Education, *Data Processing, Health Education, Humanities Instruction, *Instructional Materials, Instructional Media, *Instructional 'Television, Intercultural Programs, Multisensory Learning, Music EducatioN Parent EducatmiN Public School Adult Education, Reading Instruction, *School Community Programs, Teclvvcal Educatice Urban Education Surveys of the data processing systems and the innovations in instruction and resource materials in 16 school districts in the cities of Baltimore,Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, L.os Angeles, Memphis, Milwaukee, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, San Diego, San Francisco, St. Louis, and Washington. D.C., are deta!led in thisreport. The primary use of data processing inthese districtsispayroll processing. The study lists and evaluates the cost and present applicationsof data processing. It recommends a pilot program to promote personnel data systems, pupil data systems, program budgeting with textbook control as a motor sub-system, and kindergarten to twelfth grade curriculum development for computer assisted learning. "Creativity in Urban Education° inventories over nine hundred kindergarten-through-adult-education, locally-developed materials, programs, and protects, describing level, audience, medium, place of development, and availability. The study's concluding conference provided seminar discussion of °The Community Role in Identifying Needs and Planning Programs° and seminar discussion with consultants of early childhood education, changing practices in instruction and their acceptance by parents and teachers, pre-service and in-service training, language development, and vocational education. (MM) EXHIBIT A "''''''"°", N. co 1 ,-4 MARCH PeN DATAPROCESSINGliagl IN THEGREATCITIES! I 0 V A Study of the Statusand Inventory of the Usesof Computers and Associated Hardware in the Member tr School Districts A I I I c II I kb. 1.- re.1 1 1 I CoUNC c G 1 1 I ..._ I L OF TVA- 0 e 1...- M F. I ft.- II , I 1 I I Wm.- ..._ SCHOOL I oI 0 # . I 1 I i 111111/1111111111, I foeI I e I I 0 OOOOO I 1 I I s s I I 0.11,111.0. r. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATIONL WELFARE OfFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENTHAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVEDFROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OROPINIONS STATE') DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIALOFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE GREAT CITIES PROGRAM FOR SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT DATA PROCESSING IN THE GREAT CITIES -1967 A Study of the Status and Inventory of the Uses of Computers and Associated Hardware inthe Member School Districts The research reported herein was performed 6?) pursuant to contract OEC-3-7-070715-3048 with the Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.Contractors undertaking such projects under Government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their professional judgment in the conduct of the project.Points of view or opinions stated do not, therefore. necessarily represent offi- cial Office of Education position or policy. ..Borialln C. Willis Educational Services, Inc. CONTENTS Section Page I Introduction 1 Glossary of Terms 5 II Background and Observations State Aid and Pupil StatisticalReporting 6 Table of Exhibits 8 III School District Summary Introduction 21 Baltimore 22 Boston 25 Buffalo 29 Chicago 32 Cleveland 35 Detroit 37 Los Angeles 41 Memphis 47 Milwaukee 51 New York 54 Philadelphia 58 Pittsburgh 62 San Diego 65 San Francisco 69 St. Louis 72 Washington 76 IVDiscussion of Applications Census 77 Membership 78 Attendance 79 Scheduling 80 Other Applications 83 Applications Exhibit 85 V Tentative Master File Designs Student Master Files 90 Pupil Cumulative Record 92 Personnel Master Files 97 Facilities File 119 VI Recommendations and SuggestedProcedures 122 \ The discovery, diffusion, dissemination and implementation of any new idea in education are similar to the pace of the speeding tortoise. Efforts must be directed toward reducing the time span between the creation of invention and the use of the design. Education is presently encountering a new phenomenon which cannot wait for the usual fifty-year interval. This new event - known as automation - is here to stay. Its impact is being felt and the educational community must accept this recognition. This new occasion is also dictating that education not pick and choose partial facets of the new technology for the purpose of satisfying the critical avengers. In this instance, the new fad cannot be taken as a separate entity. It must be the consideration of a total package. To do otherwise and consider only a partial inclusion would stir the often used exclamations ofpoor planning, ill-conceived - why not go all the way. -- Dr. Robert Beynon "The Total Systems Concept" Datajzocessing for Education Deccmber, 1966 SECTION I INTRODUCTION I INTRODUCTION This report contains the findings of a survey of the sixteen cities of the Research Council of the Great Cities Program for School Improvement (hereafter referred to as the Resparch Council). The broad objectives were to study the relative status and to inventory andto compare the present automated information system developments in member districts of the Research Council. The member districts, listed in order of investigation, include Baltimore, Boston, New Ybrk City, Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, St. Louis, Chicago, Washing- ton, San Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Milwaukee, Memphis, Pittsburgh, and Philadelphia. Purpose of the Studv The purpose of the study is to assist the member school districts of the Research Council to coordinate their research and development efforts to meet the communications and information needs of the public schools in their respective cities. The study includes, but is not limited to, the following points outlined in "Proposal for Research and/or Related Activities Submitted to the U. S. Commissioner of Education for Support through Authorization of the Bureau of Research," January 1, 1967: 1. Inventory computer and related hardware including that on the floor, on order, rented, leased, contracted or made available by other arrangements. 2. Survey information system personnel including number and type of staff by position, personnel and training characteristics, sources of manpower supply utilized and other related information. 3. Analyze the degree of development, scope of data, files and machine programs, file maintenance routines, format compatability and related information on operational programs and systems.Areas of information regarding pupil, personnel, facilities, finance, program and school-Community chafhtteristics will serve as primary focus for the study. 4. Identify the utilization of system output; i.e., what is produced, what persons, groups or organizational units receive it, what use is made of the information furnished. Also, the variety of applications and services assisted by the school districts computer capability. 5. Inventory and describe applicationsof computer programs to facilitate required informationfor Federal programs. 6. Analyze fiscal requirements ofpresent and projected E.D.P. operations,sources of revenue used, budget allocations approved, percent oftotal and other budget categories utilized forsupport of operations and such other informationas will aid In describing the cost basis of computerizedinformation activities in the school districts. 7. Briefly survey the current validityof data in files, productive and processerror rates, extent of file contamination, and other informationnecessary to the maintenance and control ofvalid and reliable information handled by thesystems. 8. Survey methods of permanent recordstorage, file security, and criteria usedto control the distribu- tion to management. 9. Inventory the extent to whichpresent school district computer applications and file dataare used in the districts. 10. Inventory publications, training,documents, guides, and computer print-outs fororganizational documents produced or used by the districtsin assocation with their computer and systemsactivities. Included will be materials designed forinstructional applications for courses utilizing thecomputer or associated hardware as well as those focusingon computer occupations. 11. Inventory and describe school districts'in-service training programs and specialactivities for school district staff members in theinformation systems area with special reference to ommputer andassociated hardware applications. 12. Describe and analyze the organizationalstructural pattern of computer systems operationwithin the school districts; special reference willbe given to authority- responsibility, general and differentiatedfunction relationships. Included will be asurvey of staff attitudes toward function,
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