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Sariel Birnbaum: PhD candidate in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Published “Historical Writing of Sayyid Al-Qimni” in Qeshet Hakhadasha (Hebrew). Hanita Brand: Lecturer of Arabic and Hebrew literatures at the Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo. Coauthor of Adwaa Daniya: A Guide for High School Teachers of Arabic (Tel Aviv: Massada, 2002, in Arabic). Published numerous articles on Palestinian and Israeli women’s literature and on the construction of Palestinian national narrative. Mahmud Ghanayim: Professor and Chair, Department of Arabic and Islamic Studies, Tel Aviv University. Author of A Magic Journey. Palestinian Fiction in Israel: Between Literature and Politics (Wiesbaden, Germany, 2008); On the Structure of the Text: Study on Emil Habibi’s Novel, “The Strange Story of the Disappearance of Sa`is Abi al-Najs the Pessoptimist” (Jatt, Israel, 1987, in Arabic); Stream of Consciousness in Modern Arabic Novel: A Stylistic Study (Beirut, 1992, in Arabic); Arduous Orbiting: The Course of Palestinian Fiction in Israel (Haifa, 1995, in Arabic); in addition to numerous articles in scholarly journals. Meir Litvak: Associate Professor at the Department of Middle Eastern and African History, Senior Fellow the Dayan Center for Middle Eastern Iranian Studies at Tel Aviv University. Author of Shi`i Scholars of Nineteenth Century Iraq: The `Ulama’ of Najaf and Karbala’ (Cambridge, 1998); coauthor of From Empathy to Denial: Arab Responses to the Holocaust (London and New York, 2009). Edited Middle Eastern Societies and the West: Accommodation or Clash of Civilizations? (Tel Aviv, 2006). Michael Milshtein: Fellow at the Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies. Author of Between Revolution and State: Fatah and the Palestinian Authority (Tel Aviv, 2004, Hebrew); Hamas: A Social Profile (Tel Aviv, 2008, Hebrew). 238 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS

Esther Webman: Research Fellow at the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies and the Roth Center for the Study of Anti- Semitism and Racism, Tel Aviv University. Coauthor of From Empathy to Denial: Arab Responses to the Holocaust (London: Hurst and New York: Columbia University Press, 2009). Published numerous articles on Arab anti-Semitism, on Islamist ideology, and on Middle Eastern responses to globalization. Index

Abbas, Mahmud (Abu Mazen), 61, 147, 159, 189, 197–99, 203, 207, 69, 159 213, 216 ‘Abd al-Hamid II, 152 Arabism, 2, 8, 11, 22–23, 30, 51, 98, ‘Abd al-Jawad, Salih, 64, 78, 93 100, 103–4, 126, 141–42, 151 ‘Abd al-Nasir, Gamal, 33, 51, 142, 151 Arab League, 3 ‘Abd Rabbuh, Yasir, 61 Arab League Summit, 1964, 52 ‘Abd al-Rahman, ‘A’isha, 172 ‘Arafat, Jamil, 88 ‘Abdullah, Siham, 184 Arafat, Yasser, 33, 53–55, 57, 58, 64, ‘Abidi, Mahmud al-, 100 66, 69 Abu-‘Arkub, Khadija, 183 Aramaic, 117, 118 Abu Lughod, Ibrahim, 76, 88, 108 Archeology, 101, 112, 115, 116, 121 Accad, Evelyne 176 ‘Arif, ‘Arif al-, 38, 73, 91, 100, 101, 126 Acre, 30, 42, 61, 67, 80, 82, 83 Arksey, Hilary, 175 Aegean Sea, 113 Art(s), 16, 42, 55, 57, 78–82, 90, 93, ‘Ahd al-, 2 106, 108, 186, 196 Ahl al-dhimma, 63 ‘Ashrawi, Hannan, 118 Al-Ahram, 45 Assad, Hafiz al-, 142 Al-Ahram Weekly, 38 Association of Forty, 85 Algeria, 159, 187, 188 ‘Atallah, Rawda, 87 ‘Ali, Naji al-, 92, 94 ‘Atallah, Suhayl, 201 Amman, 104, 208 Ataturk, Mustafa Kemal, 152 Anderson, Benedict, 7, 8, 10, 11, 145, Auschwitz, 37, 158 146, 164, 234 ‘Awawda, Wadi‘a, 87, 89 Al-Aqsa. For al-Aqsa Intifada, see ‘Awd, Sa‘ud ‘Awd, 107 Intifada Al-‘Awda Organization, 78, 86, 92 martyr’s brigade, 123 ‘Awdah, Iman, 88 Mosque, 107, 119, 120, 123, 132, ‘Awwad, Hanan, 183 141, 165 ‘Ayn Hud (Ein Hod), 84, 85, 87, 96 Society, 89, 96 ‘Ayn Jalut, 119, 145 Arab Cultural Organization, 104 Al-Ayyam (daily), 42, 57, 66, 67, 82, 92, Arab Higher Committee, 2, 3 166, 167, 210 Arabian Gulf, 100 Arabian Peninsula, 99, 100, 150 Ba‘ath, 51 Arabic, 2, 5, 6, 8, 23, 29, 34, 38, 42, 88, Badil, 45, 87 92–94, 98, 100, 118, 126–29, 139, Badr, Liyana, 181 240 INDEX

Baghdad, 119 commemoration, 14–16, 19–21, 25–27, Bakhari, Baha’ al-, 82 32–34, 37–39, 55, 57–59, 75, Bakri, Muhammad, 40, 83 88–90, 92, 116, 131, 172 Balad Party, 52 Committees of Working Women, 180 Balfour (Declaration), 50, 119, 138, Communism, 3, 51, 82, 143, 197–98, 155, 160 200–201 Ballas, Shimon, 23, 80, 94, 214 Party, Israel, 79, 104, 105, 107, Banna, Hasan al-, 145, 154 197–99, 202, 210, 211 Banu-Can‘an tribe, 100 community of memory, 19, 48, 72, 90, Barakat, Taysir, 82 95, 103 Barghuthi, ‘Abd al-Latif al-, 106 Company of Arabic Books, 198 Barghuthi, Amal Kharisha al-, Connerton, Paul, 171–73, 177–79, 181 180, 188 Cooke, Miriam, 175, 183 Barghuthi, ‘Umar Salih al-, 99, 126 Cooperative Company of Jewish Al-Barwa, 73, 79 Workers in Palestine, 198 Basel, 50 countermemory, 21, 172, 173 Basil, Abu, 117 Covenant, Palestinian, 32, 106, 136, 147 Basiso, Mu‘ayn, 79 Crusades, 101, 127, 140, 150 Al-Bayan, 41, 45 Crusaders, 102, 119, 144, 145, 148, Baybars, 143, 145 150, 160, 165, 170 Baydas, Riyad, 194–96, 212, 213 Culture Ministry, Palestinian, 50 Bedouins, 107, 108, 113 , 210 Beersheba, 56, 67–68, 92 Beisan, 56 Dabbagh, Mustafa Murad al-, 73, 91, Ben Gurion, David, 64 100, 101, 110, 126, 129, 133, 141, Bilad Al-Sham, 2, 11 163, 164 Bir‘am, 85, 86, 90, 94, 95 Dajjani, Ahmad Sidqi al-, 32, 43 Bir Zayt University, 75, 78, 82, 92, Dakkak, Ibrahim, 27 104, 109 Damascus, 9, 91, 94, 106, 126, 147, Bishara ‘Azmi, 29, 52, 66, 86, 87 148, 178, 182 Bowman, Glen, 2, 11, 21, 24 Blood Libel, 147 Budayri, Musa al-, 75 Dar Al-Dhakira, 55 Byzantine, 107, 148–50 Darwish, Mahmud, 34, 54–56, 73, 75, 79, 80, 90, 92, 93, 111, 141, Caetani, Leone, 99 162, 214 Camp David, 120 Dawaiymeh, 41 Canaanites, 5, 12, 13, 16, 18, 21, 23, Dawud, Bishara, 159 97–134, 139, 148, 150, 160, 163, Dead Sea, 117–18 165 Scrolls, 117 Cana‘na, Sharif, 183, 184 Declaration of Independence capitalism, 7–8 Israeli, 10 Christianity/Christians, 2, 8, 16, 34, 62, Palestinian 1988, 10, 11, 109 85, 101, 118, 123, 132, 141, Declaration of 1965, PLO, 32 147–50, 157, 165 Deir al-Balakh, 61 cinema, 31, 38, 41, 42, 83, 94 Deir Yassin, 40, 92 colonialism, 50, 102, 138, 152, 159 project, 40 INDEX 241

Department of Culture, Palestinian, 104 Gershoni, Israel, 14 diaspora Gertz, Nurith, 41 Jewish, 34, 35, 124 Ghazaleh, Ilham Abu, 183 Palestinian, 49, 52, 71, 76, 77, 86, Ghitani, Jamal al-, 209 104, 115, 170 Giacaman, Rita, 185 Glavanis-Grantham, Kathy, 185, 187 Ein Hod. See ‘Ayn Hud Greek Orthodox Church/Christians, Elections, January 2006, Palestinian, 85, 148 51, 58, 125 Greeks, 63, 100, 117 Emorites, 100 Gush Emunim, 124, 162 Encyclopedia Palaestina. See Palestinian Encyclopedia Haaretz, 208 Enloe, Cynthia, 174, 180 Habash, Sakhar, 53 Ethnie, 7, 11 Habibi, Emile, 81, 84, 94, 197, 198, Europe(an), 7, 8, 11, 16, 34, 50, 63, 77, 203–5, 207, 209, 210, 212, 99, 147, 159, 160, 167, 181 215, 216 Haddad, Michel, 198 Al-Fajr, 106, 111, 198 Haddad, Yvonne, 179, 180 Faluji, ‘Imad al-, 54 Hadith, 119, 121, 122, 141, 200 Fanni, Dr. Ibrahim al-, 115 Haidar, Aziz, 3, 22, 23 Faruqi, Sulayman Taji al-, 29 Haifa, 41, 67, 72, 80, 83, 88, 93, 198, Fatah, 4, 21, 23, 32, 51–53, 56–59, 66, 203, 204, 207, 215 68, 81, 103, 112, 118, 123, 152, Al-Hakawati, 83, 116 154, 156, 186 Halbwachs, Maurice, 13, 17–18 Al-Fatat, 2 Hamas, 10, 12, 16, 20, 21, 58, 59, 89, Faurisson, Robert, 34, 43 112, 114, 117, 119, 121, 123–25, Fayyad, Tawfiq, 81, 93, 200, 201 136, 142–49, 153, 154, 160, 161 Federation of Charitable Hamas Charter, 136, 142–45, 147, 149 Associations, 180 Hamid, Salim, 115 Filastin (biweekly), 8 Hanna, ‘Atallah, 148 Filastin al-Muslima (monthly), 59, 68 Haqiqat al-Amr, 198 Filastin al-Thawra, 106, 108, 110 Harkabi, Yehoshafat, 23, 42, 43, 66, Foucault, Michel, 172–74, 180 72, 126 France/French, 9, 11, 15, 34–36, 159 Hasan, Bilal al-, 118 Franklin-Lytle, Paula, 11, 24 Hasan, Nizar, 83 Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. See Galilee, 67, 73, 82, 84, 85, 88, 107, Jordan 108, 204 Al-Hayat (daily), 35, 38 , 4, 27, 28, 32, 39, 49, 53, Al-Hayat al-Jadida (daily), 38, 57, 118, 58–59, 61, 66, 73, 82, 86, 89, 111, 159, 160 129, 154, 170 Hazima, Ibrahim, 82 Gellner, Ernest, 5–7, 12 Hebrew Gerber, Haim, 9 Language, 23, 72, 81, 83–85, 117, Germany, 158–60, 166 120, 140, 210, 212 German(s), 35, 36, 63, 64, 77, 91, People, 100, 110, 111, 113, 116, 120, 159, 160, 167, 168 157, 167 242 INDEX

Hijra, 35 Istiqlal Party, 98 Hillawi, Majid, 34, 35 Al-Ittihad, 197–98, 208 Histadrut, 197, 199, 210 ‘Izzat, Mahmud ‘Arfa, 29 Hittin, 102, 123, 164 Hobsbawm, Eric, 5–7, 12 Jabra, Ibrahim Jabra, 48, 50, 65 Holocaust, 10, 27, 28, 34–40, 43–45, Al-Jadid, 107, 198, 201 61, 77, 78, 86, 93, 147, 158–61, Jaffa, 8, 41, 56, 61, 67, 78, 83, 88, 90, 167, 168 91, 177, 199 Husayn, Rashid, 80, 198 Jahiliyya, 112, 114, 145 Husayni, ‘Abd al Qadir al-, 31, Al-Jama‘a al-Islamiyya (daily), 29 154, 156 Jebusites, 100, 117, 120 Husayni, Faysal al-, 187 Jenin, 40, 60, 69 Husayni, Mufti Hajj Amin al-, 2, Jerusalem, 2, 9, 27, 72, 75, 83, 100, 102, 102, 153 107, 110, 112, 116, 119–22, Husayni, Muhammad Baqir al-, 107 139–41, 148–51, 155, 158, 184, Husayni, Musa Kazem al-, 2 186, 187, 193 Hut, Shafiq al-, 31, 78, 92 Jerusalem Center for Research and Documentation, 115 Ibrahim, Hanna, 81, 197, 199 Jerusalem Women’s Studies Center, 184 Ibrahim, Hasan, 137 Jesus, 118, 141, 147, 148, 157 Ibrahim, Saad Eddin, 29 jihad, 32, 68, 124, 141, 143, 144, 153, 154 Ibrahim, Sun‘allah, 209 Al-Jihadiyya, 154 Ikrit, 85, 95, 96 Al-Jihad al-Muqaddas, 154 Imperialism, 9, 98, 108, 149, 152, 153 John Paul II, 37, 118 Initiative Committee to Defend the Jordan (Hashemite Kingdom of Rights of the Uprooted of Jordan), 4, 8, 9, 24, 28, 32, 33, 1948—Citizens of the State of 40, 44, 45, 51, 66, 71, 77, 92, 98, Israel, 87 104, 123, 128, 131, 156, 173, 178, International Women’s Day, 185 204, 208 Intifada Jordanian University, 104 Al-Aqsa, 40, 58–60, 64, 75, 89, 123, Jordan River, 9, 100, 146 142, 164, 170 Judaism, 100, 113, 116, 118, 157 First, 16, 20, 32, 106, 135, 151, 179, Juha, Amia, 82 182–86, 188, 210 Iraq, 2, 6, 9, 48, 83, 105, 107, 113, 123, Kafr Eyn Siniya, 55 156, 165, 197, 198, 212–14 Kafr Kana, 84 Al-‘Isa, ‘Isa and Daud, 8 Kafr Qasem massacre, 87 ‘Isa, Maruth, 89 Kanafani, Ghassan, 30, 80, 88 Islamic Movement, in Israel (IM), 89 Kansteiner, Wulf, 15, 25 Israel, State of, 3, 10, 27, 29, 36, 55, Karmi, ‘Abd al-Karim al-, 56, 79 78, 84, 86, 87, 97, 169, 194, 197, Karmi, Ghada al-, 71–72, 75 198, 205 Kawar, Amal, 181, 185 Arab citizens, of, 10, 19, 80, 90, 138, Khadr, Hasan, 61, 74 193, 202, 203 Khalidi, Rashid, 34, 35, 38, 62, 76, Israelites, 100, 106, 110–11, 113–15 139, 152 Al-Isra’ wal-Mi‘raj, 102, 119, 120, 149 Khalidi, Salah al-, 143 INDEX 243

Khalidi, Tarif, 99 Mash’harawi, Rashid al-, 83 Khalidi, Walid al-, 28, 73, 139, 159 Mash‘ur, Lufti, 89 Khalifa, Sahar, 172, 184 Massad, Joseph A., 36 Khalil Sakakini Cultural Centre, 38 Mawlid al-Nabi, 102 Khalil, Umm. See Salama, Samiha Mazini, Ibrahim ‘Abd al-Qadir al-, 28 Khalili, Ghazi al-, 177 Mecca, 35, 141, 149, 151 Khan Yunis, 61 Media, Palestinian, 40, 53, 62, 111, 112, Khater, Hasan, 158 119, 122, 135–68, 183, 199 Khatib, Amin al-, 181, 186 Medina, 35, 141, 143, 147 Khatib, Hajj Muhammad Nimr al-, 72 Mediterranean, 100 Khazars, 100, 113, 154 Metahistory, 138, 144–45, 149, 160 Khleifi, George, 41 million persons’ march, the, 33, 57 Khouri, Elias, 37, 41, 81 Ministry of Education, Palestinian, 55, Khouri, Rami, 40 129, 131 Kimche, Jon and David, 159 missionary activity, 6 Knesset, 52, 86, 95, 211 Mongols, 119, 143, 144 Knight, Peter, 175 Mount Carmel, 85 Kuthrani, Wajih, 151 Mu‘ammar, Khaled, 177 Mujtama‘ al- (journal), 198 Labadi, Fadwa, 184 Muhammad, ‘Awad Muhammad, 35 Land Day, 87 Muhammad, the Prophet, 35, 102, Latin America, 8 112, 119–21, 123, 141, 143, 147, Lebanon, 3, 4, 9, 28, 56, 71, 77, 79, 149, 153 82, 83, 107, 154, 175, 177, 179, Muslim Brotherhood, 58, 89, 141, 145, 183, 210 153, 154 Mount, 107, 108 Muslim-Christian associations, 155 Le Bon, Gustave, 58 Muwaylihi, Muhammad al-, 200, 206 Levinger, Matthew, 12, 25 myths, 10–11, 18, 21, 27–35, 48–49, 58, Literature, Arabic, 43, 80, 175, 194, 61, 71, 73–75, 97, 112, 114, 115, 200, 206, 208–10, 214 117, 119, 121, 122, 138–40, 146, Lonni, Ada, 34 148–50, 152, 160–62 Lowenthal, David, 18, 21, 25, 173, 189 Lubani, ‘Isa, 201, 202 Nabi Musa festival, 102 Lydda, 41, 208, 209 Nablus, 52, 116, 124, 187, 204 Naffa‘, Muhammad, 209 Ma‘alul, 84, 86 Naja, Ibrahim Abu, 57 Ma‘ariv, 208 Najib, George, 80 Mahfuz, Najib, 88 Nakba, 3–4, 10, 14–17, 21, 27–96, Majd al-Krum, 88 103, 116, 117, 125, 36, 140, 155, Mana‘,‘Adel, 88 172, 181 Mana‘, Hashim Salih, 171, 182, 187 Day, 88 Mandate, British, 2, 7, 9, 32, 98–101, Nashashibi, Nasser al-Din al-, 80 103, 104, 106 Nasro, Fathiyya, 75 Manfaluti, Mustafa Lutfi al-, 206 Nassar, ‘Azzam, 74 Mapam, 198 Nassar, Issam, 30 Masalha, ‘Umar, 102 Nasser. See ‘Abd al-Nasir, Gamal 244 INDEX

Natsheh, Rafiq al-, 152 Pan-Arabism. See Arabism Natshe, Yusuf Sa‘id al-, 106 Partition Plan, 1947, 3, 27, 50, 63, 190 Nazareth, 84–86, 118, 147, 164, peace process, 32, 91 198–204, 215 Pedersen, Birgitte Rahbek, 179 Arab Culture Society of, 87 People’s Appeal, Palestinian, 34, 37 Nazis, 37, 78, 156, 158–60 Persian(s), 111, 121, 123 Nazism, 36, 158–60, 167 Peteet, Julie, 176 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 172 Philistines, 100, 113 Nora, Pierre, 13, 14, 17, 55, 123 Press, 8, 27, 76, 81, 104, 115, 126, 136, Nusseibeh, Sari, 62 146, 186, 197, 208 Protocols of the Elders of Zion, 146, 147 Occupied Territories, 86, 104, 205, 209 poetry, 16, 30, 31, 79, 80, 82, 90, 105, October clashes, 2000, 87–89 107, 171, 172, 175, 182 Oslo Accords, 58, 83, 111, 181, 187 Popular Front for the Liberation of Ottoman(s), 6, 8, 71, 72, 89, 107, 108, Palestine (PFLP), 24, 59, 88 151, 161 Ottoman Empire, 2, 5, 6, 62, 108, Qa‘awar, Jamal, 80 151, 152 Qa‘awar, Najwa, 80 Pax Ottomanica, 8 Qashu‘a, Sayyid, 81, 89 Qasim, Samih al-, 105, 107 Palestine Qassam, ‘Izz al-Din al-, 31, 109, 124, Mandatory, 9, 10, 47, 84, 129, 145, 154 146, 153 Qaymari, Ata, 34 Ottoman, 8 Qidwa, Jarir al-, 121 Palestine Liberation Organization Al-Quds (daily), 38, 62, 82 (PLO), 4, 10, 12, 19, 20, 27, 31, 32, Al-Quds, 150 36, 49, 51, 58, 59, 64, 71, 73, 78, University, 62, 75 79, 83, 87, 103–7, 110, 111, 136, Qudwa, Jarir al-, 151 139–41, 146, 152, 126, 160, 173, Qur’an, 8, 113, 117, 121, 122, 132, 180, 181, 182, 184, 186 133, 143, 147, 153, 157, 158, 161, Provisional Political Program, 39 167, 179 Palestinian Authority, 33, 73, 76, 160 Palestinian Encyclopedia, 81, 104–6 Al-Ra’id (journal), 198 Palestinian Executive Committee, 2 Ramallah, 55, 83, 180, 187, 204, 215 Palestinian National Authority (PNA), Ramli, Kushajim al-, 107 12, 34, 38, 53–59, 62, 73–74, Al-Raya (daily), 153 76–78, 81, 86–89, 97, 111–15, rebellion, of, 1936–1939, 2, 28, 29, 117–21, 124–25, 135–68 32, 126, 148, 149, 152–54, textbooks, 32, 55, 66–67, 114, 165, 166 118–19, 122–24, 132, 135, 146, Refugees, 3, 4, 19, 21, 29–33, 36, 38, 39, 161 47, 51, 52, 54, 56, 59–64, 71, 72, Palestinian National Charter, 1964, 39 76, 78–87, 90, 137, 177, 181, 196, Palestinian National Theater. See al- 208, 209 Hakawati Camps, 3, 4, 14, 28, 32, 38, 40, 52, Palestinian Women’s Film Festival, 59–61, 63, 72, 77, 82, 83, 86, 186–87 177–79 INDEX 245 return, Palestinian, 29, 31–34, 38, 39, Smith, Anthony, D., 7, 10–12, 41, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54, 56, 59–64, 23–24, 65 72–87, 181, 208 Spain, 29, 37 Israeli law, of, 38 Spengler, Oswald, 144 Al-Risala (daily), 147 Society for Invigorating the Riyan, Shaykh Kamal, 89 Family, 180 Russia, 41, 56, 108 Solomon, King. See Sulayman Somekh, Sasson, 209 Sa‘adi, Shaykh Farhan al-, 154 Sorel, Georges, 58 Sadik, ‘Adli, 159 Soviet Union, 6 Al-Safafari, 85 Stein, Kenneth, 178 Safed (Safad), 41, 56, 108 Steinberg, Mati, 31, 42, 66 Saffuriyya, 83, 85 Strum, Philippa, 183 Safi, Talal al-, 106, 111 Sulayman, (King Solomon), 121, 157, Saghiya, Hazim, 35 158, 167 Saladin, 102, 143, 148, 150–51, 161 Supreme Court (Israeli), 85 Salama, Samiha, 180 Supreme Monitoring Committee, 88 Salibi, Kamal, 158 Supreme Muslim Council (SMC), Samrin, Raja’, 182, 187 101, 102 Sarsur, Shaykh Ibrahim, 137 Sykes-Picot Accord, 50 Sayigh, Rosemary, 3, 22, 23, 37, 44, 45, Syria/Syrian/Syrians, 2, 4, 9, 21–23, 28, 66, 75, 185, 191, 192 49, 61, 80, 83, 94, 99, 105, 109, Sayigh, Yezid, 75 143, 154, 155, 166, 173, 195 Schwartz, Barry, 15 Semites, 99–100, 110 Taha, Muhammad ‘Ali, 81, 93, 199, Sha‘ath, Ghalib, 83 209, 214, 216 Sha‘ban, Buthayna, 173, 178, 181, 182, Tamari, Salim, 33, 41, 43, 45, 69, 76, 186, 188 91, 92 Shahwan, Najla, 183 Tamoun, 183 Al-Shajara, 82 Tartars, 145 Shakeel, Hadia, 177 Taw tin, 62, 69, 82 Shammas, Anton, 41, 81, 210, 212 Tel Aviv University, 193 Shamut, Isma‘il, 82 Temple (Jewish), 110, 120, 121, 139, Sha‘shuwwa‘, Salim, 198 149, 151 Shawa, Hajj Zafer al-, 153 Torah, 118, 165 Shfar‘am, 194 Toynbee, Arnold, 144 Shihabi, Zlikha, 179 Transjordan. See Jordan Shufani, Elias, 139, 147, 153, 155, 160 Tuma, Emile, 105, 107, 108, 197 Al-Sinara (weekly), 89 Tunisia, 182 Sirhan, Nimer, 50 Tuqan, Fadwa, 52, 79, 172, 175, 182, Sisalem, ‘Issam, 113, 120 190 sites of memory, 13, 14, 16, 55, Turk, Rif‘at, 88 97, 123 Turki, Fawaz, 23, 42, 66, 72 Sitta, Salman Abu, 39, 41, 60, 76 Turks, 23, 63, 108, 151, 152 Sivan, Emmanuel, 49, 123, 150 Tut, Mahmud al-, 79 Sliman, Ilya, 83 Tutah, Khalil, 99, 126–28, 131 246 INDEX

‘ulama’, 153, 154 Women’s Association ‘Umar, Caliph, 148–50, 202 Arab, 179 ‘Umar, Zahir al-, 108, 124 Jaffa, 177 Umayyads, 107, 110 UNESCO, 106 Yasin, Sheikh Ahmad, 136, 145 Union of Arab Poets, 198 Yasin, Subhi, 101, 126, 127 United States of America, 1, 15, 26, 43, Al-Yawm (daily), 198 72, 76, 92, 139, 148, 159, 160, 168, Yiftachel, Oren, 11 180, 210 Ur Salem, 116 Zabidi, Subhi, 83 Za‘ter, Tal al-, 177 Wall, Western, 120, 121, 141, 163 Zerubavel, Yael, 16, 18, 136, 137 War Zionism, 88, 97–99, 102, 105, 108–111, 1967, 30, 31, 77, 102, 202, 203, 208 116, 122–25, 138, 142, 147, 1973, 31 150–56, 159–61 World War I, 2, 9, 20, 98, 121 Zionist(s), 2, 3, 9, 11, 19, 31–36, 40, 50, World War II, 63, 77, 143, 158, 159 98–100, 102, 105, 109, 113–15, West Bank, 4, 27, 28, 32, 39, 42, 49, 53, 118, 120–22, 137, 145–47, 151, 58, 61, 66, 68, 71, 73, 86, 89, 104, 154, 156, 157, 159–62, 198, 199 110, 111, 125, 128, 154, 170, 172, Congress, 50 173, 180–82, 184, 188, 189, 191, immigration, 3, 122 192, 204, 208 movement, 2, 100, 112, 140, 158–61 White paper, 1922, 9 Ziyad, Abu Ziyad, 62, 69 Winkler, H.A., 99 Zurayq, Qustantin, 28, 33, 42, 43