Sun Ultra 80 Service Manual • March 2000 FIGURE 10-1 System Exploded View 10-2
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Gigaplane-XB: Extending the Ultra Enterprise Family
Gigaplane-XB: Extending the Ultra Enterprise Family Alan Charlesworth ([email protected]), Andy Phelps, Ricki Williams, Gary Gilbert Sun Microsystems, Inc. Abstract The Gigaplane-XB interconnect of the Starfire system extends the range of Sun’s Ultra Enterprise SMP server family by 4x. It uses multi-level address and data routers to provide 167 million global snoops per second, and 10,667 MBps of uniform-memory-access band- width. The use of point-to-point routers allows the system to be dynamically reconfigured into multiple hardware-protected operating system domains, with hot-swappable boards. Comparisons are made with the bus-based technology of the smaller family members. 1. Introduction Table 1 compares the memory-port architectures of cur- rent microprocessors. A combination of a 16-byte wide When a new processor debuts, we hear mostly about its data path, a 100 MHz system clock, and separate address SPECint95 and SPECfp95 performance. It is probably and data paths has made Sun’s Ultra Port Architecture more important to know how well a processor’s power is (UPA) among the highest-bandwidth memory ports. The balanced its memory bandwidth and latency. From a sys- UPA is used across all Sun’s UltraSPARC systems: from tem designer’s perspective, the main reason to have an desktop workstations to the 64-processor Starfire instruction set architecture is to get the opportunity to (UltraEnterprise/High Performance Computing 10000) engineer into the processor chip a good interconnect server. architecture. Table 1. Memory-port characteristics. Max Data Separate Data Peak data Instruction set Interconnect Current CPU Port width address duty bandwidth architecture architecture model MHz (bytes) and data? factor (MBps) SPARC UPA [9] UltraSPARC-II 100 16 Yes 100% 1,600 Alpha See [3] 21164 88 16 Yes 100% 1,408 Mips Avalanche [18] R10000 100 8 No 84% 840 PA-RISC Runway [1] PA-8000 120 8 No 80% 768 PowerPC See [2] PPC 604 67 8 Yes 100% 533 Pentium Pro/II See [5] Pentium Pro/II 67 8 Yes 100% 533 2. -
Allgemeines Abkürzungsverzeichnis
Allgemeines Abkürzungsverzeichnis L. -
Sun Ultratm 5 Workstation Just the Facts
Sun UltraTM 5 Workstation Just the Facts Copyrights 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Ultra, PGX, PGX24, Solaris, Sun Enterprise, SunClient, UltraComputing, Catalyst, SunPCi, OpenWindows, PGX32, VIS, Java, JDK, XGL, XIL, Java 3D, SunVTS, ShowMe, ShowMe TV, SunForum, Java WorkShop, Java Studio, AnswerBook, AnswerBook2, Sun Enterprise SyMON, Solstice, Solstice AutoClient, ShowMe How, SunCD, SunCD 2Plus, Sun StorEdge, SunButtons, SunDials, SunMicrophone, SunFDDI, SunLink, SunHSI, SunATM, SLC, ELC, IPC, IPX, SunSpectrum, JavaStation, SunSpectrum Platinum, SunSpectrum Gold, SunSpectrum Silver, SunSpectrum Bronze, SunVIP, SunSolve, and SunSolve EarlyNotifier are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics, Inc. Display PostScript and PostScript are trademarks of Adobe Systems, Incorporated, which may be registered in certain jurisdictions. Netscape is a trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation. DLT is claimed as a trademark of Quantum Corporation in the United States and other countries. Just the Facts May 1999 Positioning The Sun UltraTM 5 Workstation Figure 1. The Ultra 5 workstation The Sun UltraTM 5 workstation is an entry-level workstation based upon the 333- and 360-MHz UltraSPARCTM-IIi processors. The Ultra 5 is Sun’s lowest-priced workstation, designed to meet the needs of price-sensitive and volume-purchase customers in the personal workstation market without sacrificing performance. -
Sun Ultra 80 Rack Mount Installation Guide
Sun Ultra™ 80 Rack Mount Installation Guide Sun Microsystems, Inc. 901 San Antonio Road Palo Alto, CA 94303-4900 USA 650-960-1300 fax 650-969-9131 Part No. 805-7959-10 May 1999, Revision A Send comments about this document to: [email protected] Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 901 San Antonio Road • Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. All rights reserved. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Sun and its licensors, if any. Third-party software, including font technology, is copyrighted and licensed from Sun suppliers. Parts of the product may be derived from Berkeley BSD systems, licensed from the University of California. UNIX is a registered trademark in the U.S. and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, AnswerBook2, Java, The Java Coffee CUp logo, Ultra , Sun Enterprise, and Solaris are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. The OPEN LOOK and Sun™ Graphical User Interface was developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. for its users and licensees. Sun acknowledges the pioneering efforts of Xerox in researching and developing the concept of visual or graphical user interfaces for the computer industry. -
Sun Ultratm 2 Workstation Just the Facts
Sun UltraTM 2 Workstation Just the Facts Copyrights 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun Logo, Ultra, SunFastEthernet, Sun Enterprise, TurboGX, TurboGXplus, Solaris, VIS, SunATM, SunCD, XIL, XGL, Java, Java 3D, JDK, S24, OpenWindows, Sun StorEdge, SunISDN, SunSwift, SunTRI/S, SunHSI/S, SunFastEthernet, SunFDDI, SunPC, NFS, SunVideo, SunButtons SunDials, UltraServer, IPX, IPC, SLC, ELC, Sun-3, Sun386i, SunSpectrum, SunSpectrum Platinum, SunSpectrum Gold, SunSpectrum Silver, SunSpectrum Bronze, SunVIP, SunSolve, and SunSolve EarlyNotifier are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. Display PostScript and PostScript are trademarks of Adobe Systems, Incorporated. DLT is claimed as a trademark of Quantum Corporation in the United States and other countries. Just the Facts May 1999 Sun Ultra 2 Workstation Figure 1. The Sun UltraTM 2 workstation Sun Ultra 2 Workstation Scalable Computing Power for the Desktop Sun UltraTM 2 workstations are designed for the technical users who require high performance and multiprocessing (MP) capability. The Sun UltraTM 2 desktop series combines the power of multiprocessing with high-bandwidth networking, high-performance graphics, and exceptional application performance in a compact desktop package. Users of MP-ready and multithreaded applications will benefit greatly from the performance of the Sun Ultra 2 dual-processor capability. -
Ultra 80 Workstations
Sun UltraTM 80 Workstation Just the Facts Copyrights 2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Ultra, PGX, PGX32, Sun Workstation, Sun Enterprise, Starfire, Solaris, UltraComputing, VIS, Java, Java 3D, SunCD, Sun StorEdge, Solstice, Solstice AdminTools, SunVTS, Solstice Enterprise Agents, ShowMe, ShowMe How, ShowMe TV, iPlanet, SunPCi, StarOffice, Solaris Resource Manager, TurboGX, TurboGXplus, S24, OpenWindows, SunCD 2Plus, Netra, SunButtons, SunDials, Sun Quad FastEthernet, SunFDDI, SunLink, SunATM, SunVideo, SunVideo Plus, SunCamera, SunMicrophone, SunForum, SunSpectrum, SunSpectrum Platinum, SunSpectrum Gold, SunSpectrum Silver, SunSpectrum Bronze, SunStart, SunSolve, SunSolve EarlyNotifier, and SunClient are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and in other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. OpenGL is a trademark of Silicon Graphics, Inc., which may be registered in certain jurisdictions. Netscape is a trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation. PostScript and Display PostScript are trademarks of Adobe Systems, Inc., which may be registered in certain jurisdictions. Last -
Sun Blade™ 2500 Workstation
Datasheet Sun Blade 2500 Workstation On the Web sun.com/sunblade2500 Sun Blade™ 2500 Workstation A low-cost, 64-bit UNIX® workstation for high-performance computing. Key feature highlights Innovation with the Power to Compute, Render, and Visualize the Most Complex Datasets • Up to two 1.28-GHz UltraSPARC® IIIi The Sun Blade 2500 Workstation offers technical professionals a high-performance, yet affordable processors provide a low-cost solution tool for demanding compute-intensive applications. With the best price/performance of any without sacrificing high performance • Up to 8 GB of DDR memory (two CPUs dual-CPU, 64-bit, traditional workstation and the amazing visualization capabilities of the Sun required) with error correction supplies XVR-1200 graphics accelerator, the Sun Blade 2500 is on the leading edge of technology. enough RAM expandability to support Sun's new multiprocessing Sun Blade 2500 is the first dual-CPU workstation based on the the most demanding 64-bit applications new UltraSPARC IIIi processor, the highly integrated, performance-scalable, 64-bit compute • Up to two 73-GB, Ultra320SCSI, 10,000- engine. Based on Sun's flagship UltraSPARC III processor, it's the ideal transition or upgrade RPM hard-disk drives allow for large internal storage and scalability product for Sun's installed customer base running previous-generation workstations, including • Three 1394a (FireWire) ports enable the Sun Ultra™ 60, Ultra 80, Sun Blade 1000, and Sun Blade 2000 Workstations. access to a wide variety of connectivity The Sun Blade 2500 Workstation comes with Solaris 8 and Solaris 9 Operating System devices available on today's workstations preinstalled, providing the most scalable, secure, and available operating system in its class. -
UPA—Sun'shighperformance Graphicsconnection
UPA—Sun’sHighPerformance GraphicsConnection TechnicalWhitePaper 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, California 94303 U.S.A. The product described in this manual may be protected by one or more U.S. patents, foreign patents, or pending applications. TRADEMARKS Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Ultra, Sun Elite3D, Sun Enterprise, Java 3D, PGX, Java, SBus, and VIS are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics, Inc. THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. THIS PUBLICATION COULD INCLUDE TECHNICAL INACCURACIES OR TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS. CHANGES ARE PERIODICALLY ADDED TO THE INFORMATION HEREIN; THESE CHANGES WILL BE INCORPORATED IN NEW EDITIONS OF THE PUBLICATION. SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. MAY MAKE IMPROVEMENTS AND/OR CHANGES IN THE PRODUCT(S) AND/OR THE PROGRAM(S) DESCRIBED IN THIS PUBLICATION AT ANY TIME. Please Recycle Contents Introduction. 1 Analyzing System Design and Application Performance. 2 Design Trade-offs . 2 An Overview of the UPA Interconnect . 3 Scalability, High Bandwidth, and Efficiency . 5 The UPA64S Graphics Bus. 6 Characterizing Application Performance and Bus Traffic. 7 UPA64S and Other Graphics Bus Technologies . -
Abkürzungs-Liste ABKLEX
Abkürzungs-Liste ABKLEX (Informatik, Telekommunikation) W. Alex 1. Juli 2021 Karlsruhe Copyright W. Alex, Karlsruhe, 1994 – 2018. Die Liste darf unentgeltlich benutzt und weitergegeben werden. The list may be used or copied free of any charge. Original Point of Distribution: http://www.abklex.de/abklex/ An authorized Czechian version is published on: http://www.sochorek.cz/archiv/slovniky/abklex.htm Author’s Email address: [email protected] 2 Kapitel 1 Abkürzungen Gehen wir von 30 Zeichen aus, aus denen Abkürzungen gebildet werden, und nehmen wir eine größte Länge von 5 Zeichen an, so lassen sich 25.137.930 verschiedene Abkür- zungen bilden (Kombinationen mit Wiederholung und Berücksichtigung der Reihenfol- ge). Es folgt eine Auswahl von rund 16000 Abkürzungen aus den Bereichen Informatik und Telekommunikation. Die Abkürzungen werden hier durchgehend groß geschrieben, Akzente, Bindestriche und dergleichen wurden weggelassen. Einige Abkürzungen sind geschützte Namen; diese sind nicht gekennzeichnet. Die Liste beschreibt nur den Ge- brauch, sie legt nicht eine Definition fest. 100GE 100 GBit/s Ethernet 16CIF 16 times Common Intermediate Format (Picture Format) 16QAM 16-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 1GFC 1 Gigabaud Fiber Channel (2, 4, 8, 10, 20GFC) 1GL 1st Generation Language (Maschinencode) 1TBS One True Brace Style (C) 1TR6 (ISDN-Protokoll D-Kanal, national) 247 24/7: 24 hours per day, 7 days per week 2D 2-dimensional 2FA Zwei-Faktor-Authentifizierung 2GL 2nd Generation Language (Assembler) 2L8 Too Late (Slang) 2MS Strukturierte -
Computer Architecture
Computer Architecture Adrian Crăciun January 9, 2018 1 Contents 1 Computer Architecture - Overview and Motivation 6 1.1 The Structured Organization of Computers . 6 1.2 Milestones in Computer Architecture . 14 1.3 The Computer Zoo . 21 1.4 Computer Families . 26 2 Computer Systems Organization 30 2.1 Processors . 31 2.2 Primary Memory / Secondary Memory / Input/Output (Old Slides) 40 3 The Digital Logic Level 73 3.1 Gates and Boolean Algebra . 73 3.2 Basic Digital Logic Circuits . 80 3.3 Memory . 88 3.4 CPU Chips and Buses . 96 3.5 Example CPUs . 102 4 The Microarchitecture Level 109 4.1 An Example Microarchitecture . 109 4.2 An Example ISA: IJVM . 116 4.3 Implementation of the Instruction Set . 122 4.4 Designing the Microarchitecture Level . 127 4.5 Improving Performance . 135 4.6 Example Microarchitectures . 141 5 The Instruction Set Architecture Level 144 5.1 Overview of the Instruction Set Architecture Level . 144 5.2 Memory models . 146 5.3 Registers . 147 5.4 Data Types . 150 5.5 Instruction Formats . 152 5.6 Addressing . 155 5.7 Instruction types . 158 5.8 Flow of control . 162 5.9 Example ISAs . 166 5.10 Comparison of the Instruction Sets . 167 6 The Operating System Machine Level 170 6.1 Virtual Memory . 170 6.2 Virtual I/O Instructions . 172 6.3 Virtual Instructions for Parallel Processes . 173 6.4 Example Operating Systems . 175 7 The Assembly Language Level 177 2 List of Figures 1 Moving between language levels. 7 2 A multilevel machine. 9 3 A multilevel machine with 6 levels. -
Sun Firetm 12K and Sun Firetm15k System
Sun FireTM 12K System and Sun FireTM 15K System JUST THE FACTS and Configuration Guide Sun Microsystems, Inc. 901 San Antonio Road Palo Alto, CA 94303 U.S.A. 650-960-1300 December 2, 2003 Sun Proprietary – Internal Use Only Copyrights © 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 901 San Antonio Road • Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. All Rights Reserved. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Sun and its licensors, if any. Third-party software, including font technology, is copyrighted and licensed from Sun suppliers. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Sun Fire, UltraSPARC, Solaris, Sun Fireplane, Sun GigabitEthernet, Sun HIPPI/P1.0, Sun Enterprise Systems Interface, Sun Management Center 3.0, Sun StorEdge, Sun StorEdge Volume Manager, SunATM, Java, Sun HPC ClusterTools,ONC/NFS, SunNet, Solstice Site Manager, Solstice Domain Manager, Solstice DiskSuite, Solstice Backup, Sun StorEdge, Sun Quad FastEthernet, SunSolve, SunVIP, Sun Enterprise, ServerStart, SunReady, Sun Professional Services, SunSpectrum, StorEdge S1, and SunSpectrum Platinum are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc., in the United States and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc., in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, exclusively JUST THE FACTS Sun Proprietary - Internal Use Only December 2, 2003 licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. -
Solaris 9 9/05 Sun Hardware Platform Guide
Solaris™ 9 9/05 Sun™ Hardware Platform Guide Sun Microsystems, Inc. www.sun.com Part No. 819-2946-10 September 2005, Revision A Submit comments about this document at: http://www.sun.com/hwdocs/feedback Copyright 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara, California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved. Sun Microsystems, Inc. has intellectual property rights relating to technology that is described in this document. In particular, and without limitation, these intellectual property rights may include one or more of the U.S. patents listed at http://www.sun.com/patents, and one or more additional patents or pending patent applications in the U.S. and in other countries. This document and the product to which it pertains are distributed under licenses restricting their use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No part of the product or of this document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Sun and its licensors, if any. Third-party software, including font technology, is copyrighted and licensed from Sun suppliers. Parts of the product may be derived from Berkeley BSD systems, licensed from the University of California. UNIX is a registered trademark in the U.S. and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, AnswerBook2, docs.sun.com, Netra, SunVTS, Sun HSI, SunForum, Sun ATM, Java 3D, ShowMe, Sun StorEdge, Sun Blade, Sun Fire, Sun Enterprise, Sun Enterprise Ultra, Power Management, OpenBoot, JumpStart, Ultra, SunFDDI, SunSwift, SunFast Ethernet, Sun Quad FastEthernet, Voyager, and Solaris are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.