DOCSLIB.ORG

Aeromonas Hydrophila

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aeromonas Hydrophila P.O. Box 131375, Bryanston, 2074 Ground Floor, Block 5 Bryanston Gate, Main Road Bryanston, Johannesburg, South Africa www.thistle.co.za Tel: +27 (011) 463-3260 Fax: +27 (011) 463-3036 OR + 27 (0) 86-538-4484 e-mail : [email protected] Please read this section first The HPCSA and the Med Tech Society have confirmed that this clinical case study, plus your routine review of your EQA reports from Thistle QA, should be documented as a “Journal Club” activity. This means that you must record those attending for CEU purposes. Thistle will not issue a certificate to cover these activities, nor send out “correct” answers to the CEU questions at the end of this case study. The Thistle QA CEU No is: MT00025. Each attendee should claim THREE CEU points for completing this Quality Control Journal Club exercise, and retain a copy of the relevant Thistle QA Participation Certificate as proof of registration on a Thistle QA EQA. MICROBIOLOGY LEGEND CYCLE 28 – ORGANISM 3 Aeromonas hydrophila Aeromonas hydrophila is a heterotrophic, gram-negative, rod shaped bacterium, mainly found in areas with a warm climate. This bacterium can also be found in fresh, salt, marine, estuarine, chlorinated, and un-chlorinated water. Aeromonas hydrophila can survive in aerobic and anaerobic environments. This bacterium can digest materials such as gelatin, and hemoglobin. This bacterium is the most well known of the six species of Aeromonas. It is also highly resistant to multiple medications. Aeromonas hydrophila is resistant to chlorine, refrigeration and cold temperatures. Structure Aeromonas hydrophila are Gram-negative straight rods with rounded ends (bacilli to coccibacilli shape) usually from 0.3 to 1 µm in width, and 1 to 3 µm in length. Aeromonas hydrophila does not form endospores, and can grow in temperatures as low as four degrees Celsius. These bacteria are motile by a polar flagella. Aeromonas hydrophila - Gram stain Pathology Thistle QA is a SANAS accredited organisation, No: PTS0001 Accredited to ISO guide 43 and ILAC G13 Certificate available on request or at www.sanas.co.za P.O. Box 131375, Bryanston, 2074 Ground Floor, Block 5 Bryanston Gate, Main Road Bryanston, Johannesburg, South Africa www.thistle.co.za Tel: +27 (011) 463-3260 Fax: +27 (011) 463-3036 OR + 27 (0) 86-538-4484 e-mail : [email protected] Because of Aeromonas hydrophila’s structure, it is very toxic when it enters the body of its victim. It travels through the bloodstream to the first available organ and produces Aerolysin Cytotoxic Enterotoxin (ACT), a toxin that can cause tissue damage. Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, and Aeromonas sobria are all considered to be opportunistic pathogens, meaning they only infect immunocompromised hosts. Though Aeromonas hydrophila is considered a pathogenic bacterium, scientists have not been able to prove that it is the actual cause of some of the diseases it is associated with. It is believed that this bacterium aids in the infection of diseases, but does not cause the diseases themselves. Pathogenic mechanism It was believed that the pathogenicity of Aeromonas spp. is mediated by a number of extracellular proteins such as Aerolysin, lipase, chitinase, amylase, gelatinase, hemolysins and enterotoxins. However the pathogenic mechanisms of Aeromonas spp. is remain unknown. The recently proposed type III secretion system (TTSS) mediated pathogenic mechanism has been proven to play a pivotal role in Aeromonas pathogenesis. The TTSS is specialized protein secretion machinery that export virulence factors delivered directly to host cells. These factors subvert normal host cell functions in ways that are beneficial to invading bacteria. In contrast to the general secretory pathway, type III secretion system is triggered when a pathogen comes in contact with host cells. ADP-ribosylation toxin is one of the effector molecules secreted by several pathogenic bacteria, translocated through TTSS and delivered into the host cytoplasm which leads to interruption of NF-κB pathway, cytoskeletal damage and apoptosis. This toxin has been characterized in Aeromonas hydrophila (human diarrhoeal isolate), Aeromonas salmonicida (fish pathogen) and Aeromonas jandaei GV17, a pathogenic strain which can cause disease both in human and fish. Occurrence of exposure Aeromonas hydrophila infections occur most during environmental changes, stressors, change in the temperature, in contaminated environments, and when an organism is already infected with a virus or another bacterium. It can also be ingested through food products that have already been infected with the bacterium, such as seafood, meats, and even certain vegetables such as sprouts. Human diseases Aeromonas hydrophila is not as pathogenic to humans as it is to fish and amphibians. One of the diseases it can cause in humans is gastroenteritis. This disease can affect anyone, but it occurs most in young children and people who have compromised immune systems or growth problems. This bacterium is linked to two types of gastroenteritis. Thistle QA is a SANAS accredited organisation, No: PTS0001 Accredited to ISO guide 43 and ILAC G13 Certificate available on request or at www.sanas.co.za P.O. Box 131375, Bryanston, 2074 Ground Floor, Block 5 Bryanston Gate, Main Road Bryanston, Johannesburg, South Africa www.thistle.co.za Tel: +27 (011) 463-3260 Fax: +27 (011) 463-3036 OR + 27 (0) 86-538-4484 e-mail : [email protected] The first type is a disease similar to cholera, which causes rice-water diarrhea. The other type of disease is dysenteric gastroenteritis, which causes loose stools filled with blood and mucus. Dysenteric gastroenteritis is the most severe out of the two types, and can last for multiple weeks. Aeromonas hydrophila is also associated with cellulitis, an infection that causes inflammation in the skin tissue. It also causes diseases such as myonecrosis and eczema in people with compromised immune systems. Treatments Aeromonas hydrophila can be eliminated using one percent sodium hypochlorite solution and two percent calcium hypochlorite solution. Antibiotic agents such as chloramphenicol, florenicol, tetracycline, sulfonamide, nitrofuran derivatives, and pyrodinecarboxylic acids are used to eliminate and control the infection of Aeromonas hydrophila. References 1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas 2. Hayes, John. "Aeromonas hydrophila." Oregon State University. 3. Arrow Scientific. "Aeromonas hydrophila." Questions 1. What procedures would you follow to identify Aeromonas hydrophila in your lab? 2. What are the morphological characteristics of Aeromonas hydrophila? 3. Discuss the pathophysiology and treatment of Aeromonas hydrophila. Thistle QA is a SANAS accredited organisation, No: PTS0001 Accredited to ISO guide 43 and ILAC G13 Certificate available on request or at www.sanas.co.za .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Tonb System in Aeromonas Hydrophila NJ-35 Is Essential for Maca2b2 Efflux Pump-Mediated Macrolide Resistance
    Dong et al. Vet Res (2021) 52:63 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-021-00934-w RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access The TonB system in Aeromonas hydrophila NJ-35 is essential for MacA2B2 efux pump-mediated macrolide resistance Yuhao Dong1, Qing Li2, Jinzhu Geng1, Qing Cao1, Dan Zhao1, Mingguo Jiang3, Shougang Li1, Chengping Lu1 and Yongjie Liu1* Abstract The TonB system is generally considered as an energy transporting device for the absorption of nutrients. Our recent study showed that deletion of this system caused a signifcantly increased sensitivity of Aeromonas hydrophila to the macrolides erythromycin and roxithromycin, but had no efect on other classes of antibiotics. In this study, we found the sensitivity of ΔtonB123 to all macrolides tested revealed a 8- to 16-fold increase compared with the wild-type (WT) strain, but this increase was not related with iron deprivation caused by tonB123 deletion. Further study demonstrated that the deletion of tonB123 did not damage the integrity of the bacterial membrane but did hinder the function of macrolide efux. Compared with the WT strain, deletion of macA2B2, one of two ATP-binding cassette (ABC) types of the macrolide efux pump, enhanced the sensitivity to the same levels as those of ΔtonB123. Interestingly, the dele- tion of macA2B2 in the ΔtonB123 mutant did not cause further increase in sensitivity to macrolide resistance, indicat- ing that the macrolide resistance aforded by the MacA2B2 pump was completely abrogated by tonB123 deletion. In addition, macA2B2 expression was not altered in the ΔtonB123 mutant, indicating that any infuence of TonB on MacA2B2-mediated macrolide resistance was at the pump activity level.
    [Show full text]
  • Delineation of Aeromonas Hydrophila Pathotypes by Dectection of Putative Virulence Factors Using Polymerase Chain Reaction and N
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University Kennesaw State University DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses Biology & Physics Summer 7-20-2015 Delineation of Aeromonas hydrophila Pathotypes by Dectection of Putative Virulence Factors using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Nematode Challenge Assay John Metz Kennesaw State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/integrbiol_etd Part of the Integrative Biology Commons Recommended Citation Metz, John, "Delineation of Aeromonas hydrophila Pathotypes by Dectection of Putative Virulence Factors using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Nematode Challenge Assay" (2015). Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses. Paper 7. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Biology & Physics at DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Delineation of Aeromonas hydrophila Pathotypes by Detection of Putative Virulence Factors using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Nematode Challenge Assay John Michael Metz Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Integrative Biology Thesis Advisor: Donald J. McGarey, Ph.D Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Kennesaw State University ABSTRACT Aeromonas hydrophila is a Gram-negative, bacterial pathogen of humans and other vertebrates. Human diseases caused by A. hydrophila range from mild gastroenteritis to soft tissue infections including cellulitis and acute necrotizing fasciitis. When seen in fish it causes dermal ulcers and fatal septicemia, which are detrimental to aquaculture stocks and has major economic impact to the industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Aeromonas Veronii Biovar Sobria Gastoenteritis: a Case Report
    iMedPub Journals 2011 ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY Vol. 2 No. 5:3 This article is available from: http://www.acmicrob.com doi: 10:3823/240 Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria gastoenteritis: a case report Afreenish Hassan*, Javaid Usman, Fatima Kaleem, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan Maria Omair, Ali Khalid, Muhammad Iqbal * Corresponding author: Dr Afreenish Hassan Abstract E-mail: [email protected] Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria is associated with various infections in humans. Isola- tion of Aeromonas sobria in patients with gastroenteritis is not unusual. We describe a case of Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria gastroenteritis in a young patient. This is the first documented case reported from Pakistan. Introduction were collected for laboratory investigation. He was shifted to the medical ward and was started on Inj. Ciprofloxacin 200mg The genus Aeromonas include many species but the most twice daily, infusion Metronidazole 500mg three times a day, common ones associated with human infections are Aeromo- injection Maxolon 10 mg three times a day. He was rehydrated nas veronii, Aeromons hydrophila, Aeromonas jandaei, Aeromo- with infusion Normal saline 1000ml once daily. He was advised nas caviae and Aeromonas schubertii [1]. The diseases caused to take orally Oral Rehydration salt (ORS). His blood complete by Aeromonas include gastroenteritis, ear and wound infec- picture and urine routine examination was unremarkable ex- tions, cellulitis, urinary tract infections and septicemia [2]. We cept mildly raised neutrophil count in blood (73%) (Table 1,2,3). describe here a case of Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria gastro- On gross examination, his stool sample was of green in colour, enteritis in a young patient.
    [Show full text]
  • Original Article COMPARISON of MAST BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA, ASHDOWN + GENTAMICIN, and BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI SELECTIVE AGAR
    European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 7 (2017) 1, pp. 15–36 Original article DOI: 10.1556/1886.2016.00037 COMPARISON OF MAST BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA, ASHDOWN + GENTAMICIN, AND BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI SELECTIVE AGAR FOR THE SELECTIVE GROWTH OF BURKHOLDERIA SPP. Carola Edler1, Henri Derschum2, Mirko Köhler3, Heinrich Neubauer4, Hagen Frickmann5,6,*, Ralf Matthias Hagen7 1 Department of Dermatology, German Armed Forces Hospital of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany 2 CBRN Defence, Safety and Environmental Protection School, Science Division 3 Bundeswehr Medical Academy, Munich, Germany 4 Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Jena, Germany 5 Department of Tropical Medicine at the Bernhard Nocht Institute, German Armed Forces Hospital of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany 6 Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany 7 Department of Preventive Medicine, Bundeswehr Medical Academy, Munich, Germany Received: November 18, 2016; Accepted: December 5, 2016 Reliable identification of pathogenic Burkholderia spp. like Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei in clinical samples is desirable. Three different selective media were assessed for reliability and selectivity with various Burkholderia spp. and non- target organisms. Mast Burkholderia cepacia agar, Ashdown + gentamicin agar, and B. pseudomallei selective agar were compared. A panel of 116 reference strains and well-characterized clinical isolates, comprising 30 B. pseudomallei, 20 B. mallei, 18 other Burkholderia spp., and 48 nontarget organisms, was used for this assessment. While all B. pseudomallei strains grew on all three tested selective agars, the other Burkholderia spp. showed a diverse growth pattern. Nontarget organisms, i.e., nonfermentative rod-shaped bacteria, other species, and yeasts, grew on all selective agars.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Fish Vaccine Development Strategies: Conventional Methods and Modern Biotechnological Approaches
    microorganisms Review A Review of Fish Vaccine Development Strategies: Conventional Methods and Modern Biotechnological Approaches Jie Ma 1,2 , Timothy J. Bruce 1,2 , Evan M. Jones 1,2 and Kenneth D. Cain 1,2,* 1 Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA; [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (T.J.B.); [email protected] (E.M.J.) 2 Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 25 October 2019; Accepted: 14 November 2019; Published: 16 November 2019 Abstract: Fish immunization has been carried out for over 50 years and is generally accepted as an effective method for preventing a wide range of bacterial and viral diseases. Vaccination efforts contribute to environmental, social, and economic sustainability in global aquaculture. Most licensed fish vaccines have traditionally been inactivated microorganisms that were formulated with adjuvants and delivered through immersion or injection routes. Live vaccines are more efficacious, as they mimic natural pathogen infection and generate a strong antibody response, thus having a greater potential to be administered via oral or immersion routes. Modern vaccine technology has targeted specific pathogen components, and vaccines developed using such approaches may include subunit, or recombinant, DNA/RNA particle vaccines. These advanced technologies have been developed globally and appear to induce greater levels of immunity than traditional fish vaccines. Advanced technologies have shown great promise for the future of aquaculture vaccines and will provide health benefits and enhanced economic potential for producers. This review describes the use of conventional aquaculture vaccines and provides an overview of current molecular approaches and strategies that are promising for new aquaculture vaccine development.
    [Show full text]
  • An Update on the Genus Aeromonas: Taxonomy, Epidemiology, and Pathogenicity
    microorganisms Review An Update on the Genus Aeromonas: Taxonomy, Epidemiology, and Pathogenicity Ana Fernández-Bravo and Maria José Figueras * Unit of Microbiology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, University Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: mariajose.fi[email protected]; Tel.: +34-97-775-9321; Fax: +34-97-775-9322 Received: 31 October 2019; Accepted: 14 January 2020; Published: 17 January 2020 Abstract: The genus Aeromonas belongs to the Aeromonadaceae family and comprises a group of Gram-negative bacteria widely distributed in aquatic environments, with some species able to cause disease in humans, fish, and other aquatic animals. However, bacteria of this genus are isolated from many other habitats, environments, and food products. The taxonomy of this genus is complex when phenotypic identification methods are used because such methods might not correctly identify all the species. On the other hand, molecular methods have proven very reliable, such as using the sequences of concatenated housekeeping genes like gyrB and rpoD or comparing the genomes with the type strains using a genomic index, such as the average nucleotide identity (ANI) or in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (isDDH). So far, 36 species have been described in the genus Aeromonas of which at least 19 are considered emerging pathogens to humans, causing a broad spectrum of infections. Having said that, when classifying 1852 strains that have been reported in various recent clinical cases, 95.4% were identified as only four species: Aeromonas caviae (37.26%), Aeromonas dhakensis (23.49%), Aeromonas veronii (21.54%), and Aeromonas hydrophila (13.07%).
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Pathogenomics of Aeromonas Veronii from Pigs in South Africa: Dominance of the Novel ST657 Clone
    microorganisms Article Comparative Pathogenomics of Aeromonas veronii from Pigs in South Africa: Dominance of the Novel ST657 Clone Yogandree Ramsamy 1,2,3,* , Koleka P. Mlisana 2, Daniel G. Amoako 3 , Akebe Luther King Abia 3 , Mushal Allam 4 , Arshad Ismail 4 , Ravesh Singh 1,2 and Sabiha Y. Essack 3 1 Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; [email protected] 2 National Health Laboratory Service, Durban 4001, South Africa; [email protected] 3 Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; [email protected] (D.G.A.); [email protected] (A.L.K.A.); [email protected] (S.Y.E.) 4 Sequencing Core Facility, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2131, South Africa; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (A.I.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 9 November 2020; Accepted: 15 December 2020; Published: 16 December 2020 Abstract: The pathogenomics of carbapenem-resistant Aeromonas veronii (A. veronii) isolates recovered from pigs in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, was explored by whole genome sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Genomic functional annotation revealed a vast array of similar central networks (metabolic, cellular, and biochemical). The pan-genome analysis showed that the isolates formed a total of 4349 orthologous gene clusters, 4296 of which were shared; no unique clusters were observed. All the isolates had similar resistance phenotypes, which corroborated their chromosomally mediated resistome (blaCPHA3 and blaOXA-12) and belonged to a novel sequence type, ST657 (a satellite clone).
    [Show full text]
  • Aeromonas Salmonicida Ssp. Salmonicida Lacking Pigment Production, Isolated from Farmed Salmonids in Finland
    DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published April 29 Dis. aquat. Org. NOTE Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. salmonicida lacking pigment production, isolated from farmed salmonids in Finland Tom Wiklund, Lars Lonnstrom, Hillevi Niiranen Institute of Parasitology. Abo Akademi University. BioCity. Artillerig. 6, SF-20520 Abo. Finland ABSTRACT: Strains of Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. salmoni- salrnonicida ssp. masoucida, and several isolates not cida lacking pigment production were isolated from brown assigned to any of the valid subspecies, trout Salmo trutta m. lacustris and sea trout S. trutta m. trutta Recently a fourth subspecies, A. salmonicida ssp. cultivated in fresh water in south Finland. The bacteria iso- lated showed only minor deviations in biochen~icalcharacter- smithid, which readily produce the lstics compared to 2 strains of A. sillmonicjda ssp. salmoniclda pigment, was proposed by Austin et al. (1989). and the type strain of A. saln~onicjdassp. salmoniclda (NCMB According to 'Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bac- 1102). Several characters differed when compared to the type teriology' (Popoff 1984) the production of brown pig- strain of A. salmonicida ssp. achromogenes (NCMB 1110). In challenge experiments, the strain tested was highly patho- ment is one of the 9 key characteristics in separating genic to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. ssp. salmonicida from 'atypical' strains (Table 1). The present paper, however, describes strains of Aero- Different forms of Aeromonas salmonicjda are fre- rnonas salrnonicida ssp. salmonicida lacking pigment quently isolated from diseased salmonids as well as production. from non-salmonids (Wichardt 1983, Bohm et al. 1986, During routine examination of diseased farmed fish Wiklund 1990).Traditionally A. salmonicida has been in our laboratory in 1991, non-pigmented variants of divided into typical strains, that is, ssp.
    [Show full text]
  • Salmonicida from Aeromonas Bestiarum
    RESEARCH ARTICLE INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGY (2005) 8:259-269 www.im.microbios.org Antonio J. Martínez-Murcia1* Phenotypic, genotypic, and Lara Soler2 Maria José Saavedra1,3 phylogenetic discrepancies Matilde R. Chacón Josep Guarro2 to differentiate Aeromonas Erko Stackebrandt4 2 salmonicida from María José Figueras Aeromonas bestiarum 1Molecular Diagnostics Center, and Univ. Miguel Hernández, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain 2Microbiology Unit, Summary. The taxonomy of the “Aeromonas hydrophila” complex (compris- Dept. of Basic Medical Sciences, ing the species A. hydrophila, A. bestiarum, A. salmonicida, and A. popoffii) has Univ. Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain been controversial, particularly the relationship between the two relevant fish 3Dept. of Veterinary Sciences, pathogens A. salmonicida and A. bestiarum. In fact, none of the biochemical tests CECAV-Univ. of Trás-os-Montes evaluated in the present study were able to separate these two species. One hun- e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal dred and sixteen strains belonging to the four species of this complex were iden- 4DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von tified by 16S rDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen Sequencing of the 16S rDNA and cluster analysis of the 16S–23S intergenic GmbH, Braunschwieg, Germany spacer region (ISR)-RFLP in selected strains of A. salmonicida and A. bestiarum indicated that the two species may share extremely conserved ribosomal operons and demonstrated that, due to an extremely high degree of sequence conserva- tion, 16S rDNA cannot be used to differentiate these two closely related species. Moreover, DNA–DNA hybridization similarity between the type strains of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and A. bestiarum was 75.6 %, suggesting that Received 8 September 2005 they may represent a single taxon.
    [Show full text]
  • Diseases and Causes of Mortality Among Sea Turtles Stranded in the Canary Islands, Spain (1998–2001)
    DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Vol. 63: 13–24, 2005 Published January 25 Dis Aquat Org Diseases and causes of mortality among sea turtles stranded in the Canary Islands, Spain (1998–2001) J. Orós1,*, A. Torrent1, P. Calabuig2, S. Déniz3 1 Unit of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Trasmontaña s/n, 35416 Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain 2 Tafira Wildlife Rehabilitation Center, Tafira Baja, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain 3 Unit of Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Trasmontaña s/n, 35416 Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain ABSTRACT: This paper lists the pathological findings and causes of mortality of 93 sea turtles (88 Caretta caretta, 3 Chelonia mydas, and 2 Dermochelys coriacea) stranded on the coasts of the Canary Islands between January 1998 and December 2001. Of these, 25 (26.88%) had died of spon- taneous diseases including different types of pneumonia, hepatitis, meningitis, septicemic processes and neoplasm. However, 65 turtles (69.89%) had died from lesions associated with human activities such as boat-strike injuries (23.66%), entanglement in derelict fishing nets (24.73%), ingestion of hooks and monofilament lines (19.35%), and crude oil ingestion (2.15%). Traumatic ulcerative skin lesions were the most common gross lesions, occurring in 39.78% of turtles examined, and being associated with Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio alginolyticus and Staphylococcus spp. infections. Pul- monary edema (15.05%), granulomatous pneumonia (12.90%) and exudative bronchopneumonia (7.53%) were the most frequently detected respiratory lesions. Different histological types of nephri- tis included chronic interstitial nephritis, granulomatous nephritis and perinephric abscesses, affect- ing 13 turtles (13.98%).
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation of Aeromonas Species from Clinical Sources
    J Clin Pathol: first published as 10.1136/jcp.25.11.970 on 1 November 1972. Downloaded from J. clin. Path., 1972, 25, 970-975 Isolation of Aeromonas species from clinical sources A. W. McCRACKEN AND R. BARKLEY From the Division of Microbial Pathology, Department ofPathology, The University of Texas Medical School, San Antonio, Texas SYNOPSIS In a period of one year, in a general hospital, Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from 13 patients and Aeromonas shigelloides from one patient. Eight of the patients had superficial infections, two had urinary tract infections, and four had bacteriaemia. The association of Aeromonas bac- teriaemia with cirrhosis of the liver and malignant disease, which has been previously reported, was observed in three of the four bacteriaemic patients. The key to laboratory diagnosis of this genus is the routine performance of the oxidase test in bacteriological procedures for the identification of Gram-negative bacilli. Organisms belonging to the genus Aeromonas are other exotic Gram-negative bacteria, Aeromonas is seldom associated with human infections. Never- being isolated with increasing frequency from clinical theless, there are indications from sources in the sources (von Graevenitz and Mensch, 1968; Cooper United States and Australia that, in common with and Brown, 1968). During the period January 1971 'Present address: Department of Pathology, University of Texas to January 1972 Aeromonas hydrophila was isolatedby copyright. Medical School at Houston, Texas Medical Center,Houston, Texas. from 13 patients in Bexar County Hospital, San Received for publication 21 August 1972. Antonio, Texas. Four of these patients had Aero- Case Patient Clinical Diagnosis Source of Associated Concurrent Antibiotics Treatment Clinical No.
    [Show full text]
  • A Hub for Clinically Relevant Carbapenemase Encoding Genes. Florence Hammer-Dedet, Estelle Jumas-Bilak, Patricia Licznar-Fajardo
    The Hydric Environment: A Hub for Clinically Relevant Carbapenemase Encoding Genes. Florence Hammer-Dedet, Estelle Jumas-Bilak, Patricia Licznar-Fajardo To cite this version: Florence Hammer-Dedet, Estelle Jumas-Bilak, Patricia Licznar-Fajardo. The Hydric Environment: A Hub for Clinically Relevant Carbapenemase Encoding Genes.. Antibiotics, MDPI, 2020, 9 (10), pp.699. 10.3390/antibiotics9100699. hal-03018312 HAL Id: hal-03018312 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03018312 Submitted on 15 Feb 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License antibiotics Review The Hydric Environment: A Hub for Clinically Relevant Carbapenemase Encoding Genes Florence Hammer-Dedet 1, Estelle Jumas-Bilak 1,2 and Patricia Licznar-Fajardo 1,2,* 1 UMR 5569 HydroSciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 34090 Montpellier, France; fl[email protected] (F.H.-D.); [email protected] (E.J.-B.) 2 Département d’Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 14 September 2020; Accepted: 10 October 2020; Published: 15 October 2020 Abstract: Carbapenems are β-lactams antimicrobials presenting a broad activity spectrum and are considered as last-resort antibiotic.
    [Show full text]