¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ s 1 ¦ * ¦' """ ' ' '¦ ¦ '¦ ' ' ¦ " ¦ ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ " ¦ " ' ¦ ¦ ¦ " ¦ ¦ ¦¦— - - - ¦ ¦ i - ¦ : •"'¦V-r-r .rTf-y '- ¦-- ¦ - ¦ -¦ ' ¦ . . ¦ - ¦ " " --¦•- - • ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ " - ; - ' ¦ ¦ ' "* . . ' \ : - . ., >^ . *•« £* ; ; . . - , . - ~~~-y9-- - . . . Jf -j -fl • . . s . - ...... - . . . ^ -1 j *:¦ ¦:, ' aM ^ ^^ W ^IA^ ; W^ ^aH -d aip ^r vtoAutt - A POLITICAL AND IITERARY REVIEW. : " The one Ide a •which. History exhibits as evermore develop ing itself /into greater distinctness is ttte Idea of Humanity —the nbb 'o endeavour to throw down all the barxiacs erected between men. by prej udice and one-sided views ; and , by setting ^sxde the distinctions of Behgion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human ra. ee as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature. " —JKumboldt' s Cosmos. ¦ ¦ ' ' • ' ' ¦ ' ' ' ' ¦" " ' ' ¦ ' ' : ¦ - ¦ ¦ . : ¦ ¦ - : " - " ¦: "/ ¦ /'¦; ; , . —= —-— : :— .—;— : . -\ . . ?;Tt .c v-;t . - ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ' ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ' - ' ¦ ¦ • ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ • ¦ • ' ¦ ' ' ; - ¦ ' : : . . . - . , ¦ . ;¦ ¦¦ . • - ...... ©ontent s :. . . . . _ . , . /REVIEW OF THE 'WEEK— page Oar Civilization 919 Tho Hope of tho Work hcuse ...... 025 Napoleon in Russia 929 ¦ Vh»«i,™5»L>mT™w7,tv an915 Accidents and Sudden 3>eaths ...... 920 Tbo New Commerce of Liverpool... 920 . Tlie New Translation of the Bible . 930 /¦ ¦¦ 1 ¦'*¦ Hiawatba ¦ ajfflfSSSTSffipi*=a"iSi . . . ^S^^S^^^.=:±f^ """'""7""""' •" * "'"'""'""• • "' ¦ ^ oSSSS . ¦ t^Ss-T - ¦ a^fi SS^S-S r;=::::::::::::::::::::: ¦ -:::::::::::: g' ^5onda, Evening concert,..... 9a2 Rress.... 918 l Sr¦ I S^i^^^ations...... _ Stato of Trade DIG PUBLIC AFFAIRS- LITERATURE- 9

¦ 013 YOIi. Til. No. 340.] SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER, 27, 1856. Price {^ S^f!:::! ^^ - Bergamo ; Tuscany lias been imprisoning soldiers the world is by the very law of its creation m ttrinu nf fyt Wttk: of the Anglo-Italian Legion who returned home : eternal progress." The Missouri compromise ne- J& while from Tuscany, and every part of the Italian cessarily failed, because it was an attempt " *o " ¦ ¦ '} ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ' ' ¦ ¦ . ——? — . • . . . . . peninsula, come subscriptions for the cannon, keep tilings fixedV' The rioting must as neces- TTA.LY continues to "be the object upon which for the 10,000 r ifles, addr esses, and the most ob- sarily fail, because it calls out resistance on tie X all eyes are turned. The Western Powers vious signs of an impatience for action. The part of the South ; when already tlie strongest are doing something which is likely enough to earthquakes of Vesuvius will be felt to the foot of doubt as to the possibility or the policy of bring on a crisis. "What the intention of those the Alps. maintaining slavery was creeping into the very Powers may please to be nobody knows, but there Before these great facts the squabbles of other heart of every slave state. If peace sliould be re- are signs which, imply a larger purpose than is Governments sink into insi gnificance. Why is it stored, if the whole subject -vvere brought back .into popularly ascribed to the statesmen engaged, and that Russia still keeps up her attempts to wriggle Congress, where alone it can. be settled, we should it IS rp iite oortctni tltat events are becotriLu j ^ tOO out of the Treaty of Paris ? The only difficulty profca/bly see the better feelings of the South ¦ strong for the most adroit statesman entirely to that we foresee with regard to Russia is the pro- evoked to aid the more generous and popular control them. In the first place, the King of bability -th at she may lend a politic aid to Pied- feeling, against slavery in the North ; and the Re- Napx.es has tliat power which resists every kind mont against . Austria ; and if so, it will be public would unite to free itself from the curse of coercibn, •which defies the most gigantic strength diffi cult to strike Russia whil e she is actually which is now dividing it. In the meanwhile, to bend it: he has the power which resides in im- serving the purposes of freedom—if, indeed, it is there are men and journals in this country that becility. The most hopeless of all tasks is to con- possible that she can serve those purposes. are doing the best they can to exasperate the vince a fool, and the King of Napi.es is uuconvince- Even Spain becomes unimportant, although Americans into civil war under pretext of able. HtJBNER has tried to make him moderate the principles there in conflict are at the very agitating for slavery abolition, and they are his assertion of absol utist royal rights ; but Naples foundation of the happiness of nations. The doing the best they can to procure the elec- cannot understand how Austria can preach a com- Court has just shown tho cloven foot. It has tion of a distinguished projector of jo int-stock promise of privilege ! lie stands out, therefore ; compelled the Government of O'Donnell to sus- speculations, Mariposa mines, and so forth, pro- —-that is the first point. The Western Powers pend the sale of Ecclesiastical property—that sale fessedly to render the Republic more respectable !_ declare that they are sending their ships to pre- which was gradually, very gradually, relieving Luckily the Republic will pursue its own course^" ' side over what may, happen in the Bay of 3S"aples— Spain from mortmain, and familiarizing the uninfl uenced by these beatings of the wind. ' four !me-of-ba,ttle ships and a proportionate num- Spanish mind to a veiy mild though practical The Belgium Customs l»eform Association is ber of frigates, &c—that is the second accessoi'y to species of Protestantism. While tlie Court of carrying on a war with tho Protectionist interests the approaching drama. Count Waubwski is Piedmont has saved Catholicism in Northern of the neutral kingdom, and particularly with the understood to> have interposed every practicable Italy at least by reconciling it to progress and ironmasters of Belgium. There are other diffi- delay in the consummation of the Imperial purpose freedom , the Court of Spain is preventing that culties which stand in the way of its progress. at Paris ; but the French fleet has been, or is about rescue by reviving with a reactionary constitu- Although the Government is high. .isposed to to be, or is supposed to be about to be, launched at tion tho heaviest incumbrance of the Roman encourage free trade, it derives pi - -?. revenue Naples. Many circumstances conspire to show Church. The Minister of Finance, Cantero, -whose from several heavy fiscal imposts, wniiu the muni- that the Emperor Najp oleon intends to take an scheme of r evenue was spoiled by the bigotry of cipalities depend in some degree upoa tolls, partly active part in Italy—or does not intend. Two the Couit, has retired. By degrees the Court -will intended originally for purposes of protection. propositions liavo been ventured by ingenious drive from it all practical political managers, and Nevertheless, the association is composed of men persons, which prove how far lie has piqued the is expected to rcca l that man who handles his who have furnished very powerful nid to tho €lo-,, faculty of guessing : one is, that the Pope, inca- sword a s the only political instrument. vernment in a course of gradually Tightening the pable of holding his own at Rome, should retire The civil contest in Kansas continues, but time fiscal burdens of the kingdom. Thus the imposts to Avignon ; the other, that the King of Naples lias not yet beon given for the effect of a more on cereals have been entirely abolished. JBcl- should abdicate, to be succeeded by his eldest son, moderate course to be felt in tempering the con- giuin, established by international treaties, neu- the Duke of Calaiuiia, who would accede to the flict. A third Governor has been appointed, by tral, serving as a house of call for other countries, throne with the constitution of 1848. But arc President Pierce, a man, like his predecessors , has -very naturally offered itself as the continental not _ the Bourbons totally destroyed ? Js there selected, from the North, but reputed to be more centre for tho discussion of laws whic-h might be any of the family, even the best branch , the Plri- energetic than they were. Should ho succeed in carried out in all the civilised countries of Europe, Hppi&t branch, that has not upon him tho signs of preventing tho attempt to check the extension oi and indeed of the world. Thus It lias been, fly* extinction ? Ib not tho -whole family superannuated slavery by a mere process of riot, he will do some- scene for debates on public law, on reformatory* —fit only to disappear from conspicuous places, thing to place the movemen t for relieving America improvement, on sanitary improvement, and now and about to disappear from the face of the earth ? from the curse of Bla.vcry in tlie path of hopeful pro- of free trade, to say nothing of the Tiomeopathiats Fourth fact,—Austria and all her pr otfgts are in- gress. " Thero is nothing so revolutionary, be- who are holding a congress parallel to ^fcQ^SSKT^N. creasing their display- of insolence and their de- cause there is nothing so unnatural nnd convul- allopnthist free traders. The Fj ^-TcfMyBamyU fences. Austria ia strengthening her r r< works n$ sive, as the strain to keep things fixed whoa all gress has been a decided success. ^H ^PWWlfiJB *^2 ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ : ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ; ' ' ; ; - ¦ -¦ ¦ - ¦ ' ' ¦ : . \- - - , ¦ ¦ \;= -M ^A i M . . . . , v . •:. . . ; .^, . ; \i>\, : ¦ 914 THE L E1D E B, . . ...{No. 340, Sattjuday , representatives from most parts of Europe—from epithet given to it. About 3700 original and pre- THE WOBKIKTG CLASSES OF ENGLANDwa«1> Sweden, Russia, Holland, Germany, even fro m ference shares l»ave been thrown upon the market AND ITALY. from Piedmont, Tuscany, Switzerland, since the commencement of last year ; of these, ' Vienna, The following is -the address of the Italian ove letter among you as possible widelv *» to . Brussels. Ee&rm, therefore, pursupe its have a«en some }ws aio in George Sarnicell. , and toliCt submit to your judgment—to your sense passive course, notwithstanding the intrigues The remarkable fact, however, is that these gen- • °J t??* ¦2 d o~*M* 8tat6me Of th^ondS of courts and the coming commotions of the Con- tlemen have positively obtained a footing in esta- of Italy a* ^this moment.* ' tinent. blishments having large properties at stake, and The population of Italy amounts to 23,957,100 soul* As to free trade, it is almost a past subject they have to a Of this number 4,730,500-the subjects of the Kine of certain extent modified the man- Sardinia,—are free men, governed with this country, save only in one inspect. To ners and customs of London City. Who knows by a free constitution enjoy ing free institutions and a free press. A standin g convince our farmers is no longer a duty before where these adulterations terminate ? army, whose soldiers and officers have us; they have taken that matter into their own proved their worth si-de by side -with our own in the Crimea, bands, and are convincing themselves. A letter a thriv- THE BIHMINGHAM HOAX. ing commerce, railways and docks, public colleges aad appeared in the Times yesterday from a Welsh, Some further particulars of the swindle recently com- schools, are the outward signs of liberty that distin- farmer, Mr. Carne, giving a most interesting mitted at Birmingham in connexion with the visitors guish tho Sardinian States from the rest of the penin- and minute account of th« manner in which he from Oude, and of which a brief account was given in sula. If you move among the people, you find them has been applying the reaping-machine, what his this paper on Saturday week, have been published in the happy a,nd energetic, striving after moral and material difficulties were, and how he surmounted them. Birmingham Journal, where all the ietters of Wyndham, progress. They know that their king keeps his word But when Welsh farmers have grappled with ma- the swindler, are given in full. This man. continually and they try to win. from him such promises as shall chinery^ and their working men have addressed Captain Brandon, one of the agents of the tend to the welfare of the masses. Victor Emmanuel, laboriously Oudean Queen and Princes, informing him of the recep- and his 4,730,500 subjects and sincerely assisted them, we see that the very , have proved to. the world tion which was to be given to the strangers in Birming- beyond a doubt that the Italians can govern, and be lever of free trade has been grasped in the agri- ham, if they would " deign to come ;" reporting the governed by, themselves. cultural hand. To say nothing of the proposal progress he had made in obtaining the sanction of the The remaining 19,226,600 inhabitants of Italy have thrown out by Sir John Maxwell at the Car- Mayor, the Superintendent of Police, Lord Ward, and been for the last forty years, and are at this moment, lisle dinner, that he would purchase all the refuse various distinguished persons ; referring to his " inti- subject to the dominion of a many-headed monster, of Carlisle as soon as that town shall have pro- mate friend, the King, of the Sandwich Islands," to whose head-in-chief may be called the Emperor of Aus- cured the means of deodorizing and conveying it. whom lie had been of great service when tliat monarch, tria. True, this individual has only usurped 8259 square Now there is some hope that Carlisle may hit had been ill-used by France ; making obscure allusion, miles o-f Italian soil, whereas King Bomba possesses tipon the means of fulfilling these conditions, for to a regal chair which had been ordered by " his present 31,460 ; the Pope, 13,000 j the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Majesty of Oude ;" telling the captain of the various 6324 ; and the other little rulers of Parma, -Modem Carlisle already stands distinguished as the cleanest 1 , town in the kingdom. arrangements for th« reception he had made $ and stating &c, 35S7 : but so terrible, or so useful, has his Imperial that he would gladly " run up to town." on. receipt of a Majesty of Austria rendered himself to all these'princes, But England has to obtain the other half of the telegraphic message to that effect from Captain Bran- that they rule but benefits of free trade. We at his bidding, and model their go^ get all that we can don. To all these letters no answer was returned. On vernments after his Imperial taste. The policy observed by adopting it ourselves, and we can double our September 5th. (the first letter was written, on the 29th by all these rulers in obedience to their chief, during the own blessings, and those of other countries, by of August), Wyndhain writes to Captain Brandon, hint- last forty years, has been to reduce all their subjects to inducing others to adopt it. Hence the great ing that he sees many ways of improving his (the cap- the lowest degree of moral and physical slavery, by de- benefit of the Brussels gathering. tain's) fortune, and adding, after an allusion to a Dr. priving-them of means of intercourse by railroads, or of An exceedingly interesting discussion took place Neumann, who had reminded him of " some discrepancy" the interchange of thought through the medium of the at the Oldham Lyceum, lei off by Lord. Stanley, in his statement about; Lord Ward :—" All that I tell press, fay closing all schools and colleges where a literal en the general merits of education, with Sir you is truth. I am here upon, another subject certainly, education might be obtained—("We don't want know- James Kay SmiTTiaswoBXH, and Mr. W. J. Fox, but I do ask you, as a man and a gentleman, not to ledge," said the Emperor Francis I.; "it is quite enough for, it has if my subjects oels of tliis disclosure follows an- , Fleet-street),* and ju dge L-!r find mo at 3, Monument-yard, City ; but I give you selves whether it it is possible that these people caa dis- other : there has been an ' irregularity' in regis- tering the shares of tlio this a

i- -; : ¦ ¦ ' ' ' September 27, 1856. ] THE LEADER. ¦:¦ . ¦ ' -\ ' ¦:. : . : VU$. cues among themselves the beBt methods of attaining Italians are not unanimous in ¦ their desire or efforts to a retrospective view of the matter -willing , and say that it -was their freedom. They desire it—are to risk their obtain it. hnprndent for us to take that step ; bnt (to Mr. lives in it. Their leaders are waiting to lead them on; If the requisite funds had Marsh) been forthcoming, thou- if you, sir, had been on the board at that time " Mr. only the material is wanting, and the consciousness that sands of men would have risen in the place of units, and Marsh r " You must bear with -us Qie free and brave of other nations are a little, sir, for we are the hearts of might not have been overcome by their enemies. suflferers." Ql Hear, hear I" and cheers.) -The o Dank at 539,131^. 12s. 9d;, and the not worth their money." The Chairman: In our esti- decided to strive for higher wages mj8S assets at 299 " and shorter hours, *«v S _ ,937?. 18s. lid. ; but, allowing for mation they were." Mr. Marsh : " But, unfortunately individual should rise and ¦=«? » '"W ait, suffer, hope \ certain contingencies which, could not be overlooked for us i nere 13 a manufacturer m , the , the fact is they were not." Manchester who'; gives his net assets he estimated at 2&8,644?. 18s. lid. These Another proprietor said tbat a further call had been men fair wages, and who does not oblige them to work assets included the Welsh Iron Works quarters. , upon which the made, and asked whether the directors believed that the B* patient, and in the course of time he and company had expended 106,4537., and it was the opi- shareholders would Ms four hundred workmen will induce all the * again venture to trust them (the masters of nion of an eminent- miner that they would now sell at a directors) with their affairs. « Well," replied the Chair- [England to do as he does." You would reply :¦• No, we minimum price of " " 40,000?., but his own belief was that, man, " I am afraid, if you put that question to the meet- suffer ; we want higher wages and shorter hours. We if they were worked (and they are now ready for work- ing, must win them for ourselves ; then the decision will be in the negative." , if this master will ing), they would yield a profi t of l€,0O0Z. a year.—In After some more cross-questioning, Mr. Stapleton use his influence with the rest, rell and good—if his answer to Mr. Marsh , - ^ (one of the shareholders, who sub- deputy- governor, said that, on being elected last workmen will co-operate with us it will be v«ry noble jected the Chairman to a most rigorous examination and disinterested of them ; ), February, he determined to drive Mr. Brown and Mr. but we cannot expect them, Mr. Esdaile stated that the accumulation of deficiencies Cameron out of their positions, on account of their debts even if they were able, to come naid lift our burdens off originated in a credit account of 3000?. and a discount to the bank. I did it our backs, while we simpl " ," he continued. "I was the y lie down and groan under account of GOQQl., on the part of a -firm learing the youngest director on the board. I was not brought up them." So with the Italians—they must give the initia- names of Dummler and Scales, afterward s Duramler tive. The movement and to business, and I was anxious to leave the concern. I must come from within. Material Swift, made at the beginning of 1850. The speaker saw tho danger of going on, and also of leaving. I had aid is all that can be of service from without. Many of added that these advances were recommended by one of the most suffering, promised secrecy, and if I had left I could not, as a man most sanguine, did hope, perhaps, the highest firms in tbe City of London. At this, there of honour, have stated to my friends any facts connected that the past war would give Piedmont a right to fi ght were loud cries of " Name, name !" but the Chairman with the condition of the bank. I acted for Italy as she had foug , therefore, as ht for the Turks—take for refused to comply with the demand. From, the other a man of honour, and placed myself \n a position in granted that she desired it herself—that Cnvom's memo- official statements it appeared that the account of rial was a means of Mr. which heavy losses wero incurred, and probably ultimate feeling how far she might venture Humphrey Brown, the member for Tewkesbnry, and ruin to myself. When Mr. Cameron was on the point openly against Austria. By this time it must be evident until recently a director of the bank, exhibits a debt of to all who desire of leaving us, wo found that he had obtained a large sum to find out the truth, that England and 70,908/. ; that Mr. John MacGregor, the member for of money from the bank, and that ho was not in a posi- France would not permit Piedmont to put herself in the Glasgow, and the founder of the concern, ig indebted to foreground. She mny provo tion to give us suflicient security. We pressed him, wo an ally, but she ennnot, the amount of 73G27. ; that Mr. Cameron, the late even threatened him with criminal proceedings, and, in ought not to be, the initiator of the People's War. manager, has obtained 33,000?., against which there arc One other argument—the order to save himself, he used every exertion to get any cruelest and saddest of all no securities except such as are now found to have been kind of security. It so happened that liis own son-in- that will be used to deter you—we must treat, and then previously charged and we have done. You encumbered , and tho utmost law, wlio is a member of tho board, had a large number will be told that the people arc not worth of which is estimated at 3000?.; that Mr. Mul- of shares, and Mr. Cameron induced him to lend him unanimous—that they do not wiah to rise—and they ling, the late solicitor, took 7000?. ; and will point to you the attempts that one of the thoso shares, "which he transferred to the board as a thnt hnvo been made and auditors owes 20007. It was also stated that Mr. John portion of the securitios for 1ho advances. What would failed, to prove to you thnt by giving money for this Gwynne, who was formerl purpose you y a director, retired in 1851, you have said if we had allowed him to go away with arc just sending a few more victims to the leaving a debt of 13,010/. ; and that a loss of 13,4807. scaffold—thnt you arc increasing those shares?" the watchfulness and was sustained by Mr. Oliver, of Liverpool . The total Dr. Goddard, a shareholder, then moved tho following the cruelly of the Austrians, and hindering instead of I039 from persons directly connected with the helping the National adminis- resolution, amidst loud cheers:— " That tho past nnd Cause. tration of tho bank appears to have been 121,0007. present directors of this bank (excepting always tho When yon hear that twenty, thirty, eighty men have ^ There was mo loss on tbe South Sea House, nor wcro three gentlemen who became directors on the 1st August risen up suddenly against their tyrants, have l>eon over- any of tho existing directors indeb powered by ted to the bank. last), by their systematic misapplication of the funds of numbers, massacred or imprisoned , what In the midst of a running fire of questions, tho Chair- the institution entrusted to their keeping, and by their does that prove ? That that movement has been incited man stated that, by reason of certain by popular irregularities on uniform nnd culpable misrepresentation and conceal ment leaders—organized ami approved of by them. tho part of thn persons with whom the credit and dis- of tho actual condition of tlio bunk in their half-yearly No. It means that those men, goaded beyon d human count accounts had boon opened tho bank called for endurance—those , balance-sheet, nnd statements mndo to the shareholders, men who fuel their lives a burden nnd collateral securit ies. Tlicso were given, " and," said Mr. ns also tho discreditable proceeding of issuing new a shame, who, determined to H-vo as free men or to die Ksrtailo, our advances on «i the atte " those collateral securities were shares long after tho bank had becomo hopelessly in- mpt to gain their liberty—have, in spite of the within what we supposed to be tho banking margin. solvent entreaties of their leaders " , thus bringing dishonour nnd ruin upon many , in spite of hopes held out for Hero ho was interrupted by Mr. Marsh, who Raid , " You innocent persons, which would have been entirely averted tuo future, pown sick of hopo deferred , hnvo struck ono desperate reckless dealt with those securities ns val uable, -whether they by hotter management or an earlier -winding up, have blow, careless of the consequences to were so or not ?" To this the Chairman replied : — shown themselves utterly unfit for tho poBt they occu- themselves, trusting to attain something for their country Clearl and the cause if onl " y. Of course this has turned out to have boon pied, and unworthy of tho confidence of this or anj , y by leaving another martyr's name an error; but when tho to bo recorded and avenged. liabilities of these parties to this other proprietary." Dr. Goddard declared this rcsolutior This is the meaning of the bank reached a larger sum , say 19,0007. or 20,000?., unanimously enrried, though only n few hunils wen past attempts thut nro wept over by (ho great Italian pntriota—thnt what wnH to bo done ? " Further on, a singular dialogue held up in favour of it. Tho Chairman, who, till thai are censured and sneered at by tlioso in- ensued between Mr. Marsh ch vidiials and parties who and tho Cluiirman. TUo time, appears to have been very cool, now lost hif , hostilo or indifferent to the latter, nlluding to the speculations in the Welsh iron tempe tlint tho reaO' icloa of a frco Italy, seek for pretexts r, and angrily exclaimed— " I deny to prove that the works, observed:— " Gentlemen, it ia very easy to take lution was carried. Flvo-slxths, at l«ast, of thomcctinj THE LE1DER. 916 l^l^^^^^sr ^ refold to back the Ue, and to say that we are dishonest stances even the total extinction, of many branches of modified , and the compulsory visas for various nations lie to say that we are all dishonest commerce. A separation having been effected between be abolished. This proposition was carried unanimously men. Tou know it is a ' Oh oh !" " Bear, hear i!" cheers, and confusion.^ th« two countries, more enlightened views began to pre- The fifth proposition ran thus :—" That declarations oa men " f" ail in Holland r oddard': »I know to the contrary, and to my cost." v , which was urged on in the path of ame- the importation and exportation of merchandize should D G le of England The Chairman : " As I believe this room is full of honest lioration by the examp , and now barreled be simplified and made uniform for all nations." Carried men I am convinced they would not believe or lack a herrings are the only articles prohibited by the tariff. unanimously. lie ' Truth is truth, and your resolution declares a lie. {A laugh.)—M. Mathys3ens, of Antwerp, thought too M. Tilliere brought up the report of the section on the We are not dishonest men." ( Cries of " You are," " No, glowing a picture had been given by the preceding speaker teaching of political economy. The section appealed to youare not," and great confksion.y of the liberality of the Dutch Government—M. Reep- the delegates to pledge themselves to use their influence Mr. Owen, formerly a director, said He left the board maetker agreed with M. Sterk, allowing for a few limita- to get the elements of political economy introduced as in consequence of the way the money had been misap- tions. part of popular education in their respective countries plied, and that it was at one time discovered that Mr. Mr. "Winkworth, delegate from the Society of Arts, and to recommend the preparation of teachers for this Cameron had a book with a private key, -which book London, briefly described the objects of the body with purpose. - Carried unanimously. was never seen by any one but himself. This fact was which he was connected, claiming for it the credit of Mr. Ewart, M.P., then moved an address of congratu- not known till Mr. Cameron was taken so dangerously originating the happy conception of a universal exhibi- lation to the King on the twenty-sixth anniversary of ill that it was thought he would die very shortly. "It tion of the industry of all nations. He referred more the national independence. This was agreed to without would have been well for us if he had died," exclaimed especially to the obstacles placed in the way of the silk a dissentient. one of the shareholders. Another shareholder, in a state trade of England (on which he had drawn up a Govern- It was then arranged that a fourth and final sittin«- of of great excitement, shouted, " You are all little better ment report in 1855) by restrictive duties; and then, tlie Congress should be held on Thursday. ° than a set of thieves." Mr. Owen said he had not be- passing to the general subject of Free Trade, he quoted A letter has been received from Mr. CoMen, vhicli fore stated what he knew because he was afraid of in- statistics to show that the prosperity of the English although it was not lead to the meeting, is to be pub- juring tie bank. Loud cries having been raised for people had laTgely increased since the repeal of the corn- lished with the other documents submitted to the Con- Alderman Kennedy, whose name had been mentioned by laws.—M. Hertz, of Hamburg, gave a similar picture gress. After expressing his deep regret at being unable Mr. Owen, the Alderman came forward, and said that two of the state of commerce in his city, resulting from the to attend, Mr. Cobden quotes some statistics to show the years ag-o he had told the proprietors they wanted more relaxation of fiscal restrictions. yearly increase in the value of our exports since tlie capital ; he had the greatest confidence in the bank at M. Cherbulier, Professor of Political Economy of tie year 184C, when Sir Robert Peel "dethroned the ancient the time, but had been deceived, and was not only a Polytechnic Institute, Zurich, and delegate from his Protectionist superstition." He proceeds :—" You will great sufferer himself, but he had the misfortune of G-overnment, next described, at a length which called fi nd that the table exhibits a steady yearly progress, in- having caused a number of his friends to be losers. He forth a remonstrance from the President, the present terrupted only by the revolutions of 1848 and the war did entreat them at least to let him have the same sym- commercial situation of Switzerland. Up to the year of 1854-1S55. But observe the upward rebound of tlie pathy as others, for he could assure them that he had 1848, Switzerland had no fiscal system whatever ; but, present year of peace, in the first seven months of which been in no way the cause of the misfortune.—General means being required to keep up the public roads and our exports have reached 64,0OO,O00Z. sterling, being at Aitcheson, who had previously maintained that the only carry out otter public works, the Government in that the rate of 110 ,000,0007. for the -whole year, or nearly course by which the shareholders could have justice done year was obliged to introduce a Customs' tariff adapted double the amount of 1846. 3^o other instance of so them was by going to the Court of Chancery in accord- to the peculiar circumstances and geographical position large and rapid an increase of foreign trade can be cited ance with the Winding-up Act, moved as follows, after of the country. The duties were very light, but every in the annals of the world. I anticipate that this year an ineffectual attempt on the part of Dr. Goddard to re- step the Government took in commercial legislatioa our exports will exceed those of France, Austria, Russia, peat his former resolution :-—" That it appears to this would be in the direction, of Free Trade. and Spain together,—the four largest states of Europe, meeting, and we hereby declare, that the losses of the M. Figualora (Spain) stated that up to 1834 tlie containing an aggregate of four times our population ; Royal British Bank have exhausted all the surplus, or old system of inter-proyincial barriers prevailed in his and that they will amount to double those of the United reserved, fund, and one-fourth part of the paid-up capital country, and duties were levied on commodities con- States, whose distinctive party banners seem to bear of the said bank." Mr. Stapleton seconded the resolu- veyed from one province to another the same as if they every conceivable device, excepting that of commercial tion, and the Chairman declared that it was carried. had been imported from a foreign country. The Cus- freedom." Mr. Cobden then digresses into some obser- Great uproar ensued, several persons denying that the toms' revenues had more than doubled since the re- vations on. the late war, remarking:—" Let me stipulate motion -was affir med ; but the Chairman's decision was vision of the tariff in 1849 , while the internal trade of beforehand that Free Trade be not held responsible for the not rescinded, and the meeting broke up without any the country had equally benefited . misuse of the wealth which it confers upon, a nation. To more tangible results. M.<«a.gie, of Antwerp, having stated the views of the confess tlie truth, we have not made the best possible use Chamber of Commerce of that city in favour of Free of our prosperity. We have spent nearly 100,000,000?. Trade, tHa Conferonee adjnurned to the following day. in adding one more to the list of Sydney Smith's 'foolisi, On Tuesday, the speakers were sigru^r Scialoja,' dele- just, and necessary wars ;' and I am afraid we are now THE INTERNATIONAL FREE-TRADE grate from Sardinia, Count Arrivabene (Tuscany^, Mir. wasting more in warlike preparation than ever we did at CONGRESS. Gamier and Wolowski (Paris), M. Molinari (Brussels), any tormer. periua ~f yo«,.e; nor can it be denied that The Congress assembled in the Gothic-Jiall of the Hotel Dr. Bambers (Berlin), M. Pascal Duprat (Paris), M. never in my experience were we as a nation giving so de Ville, Brussels, at one o'clock on Monday, and was Vanderbruck (Central Agricultural Society of Belgium), little attention to domestic reforms as at present. It need occupied in listening to the statements of the delegates M. Mullerdorff (Chamber of Commerce, Viviers), Mr. not surprise us, then, if the improvement of the popula- from different countries for upwards of three hours. The Oliveira, M.P. (who spoke ¦ in favour of reducing the tion has not kept pace with the increase of our material hall contained at the time of meeting between three and wine duties), and Mr. Bohn, the London publisher, who wealth. But this only tends to prove that the moral four hundred deputed and adherent members connected expounded his views on the subject of an international fruits of our principles cannot be gathered by one nation with trade and commerce in various parts of the world. book-post, based on principles anaiagous to the system alone. It is only when free trade shall have become tlie Among the gentlemen present at the commencement of recently intrpduced into England. All the speakers international code of the civilized world tlat its bigliest the proceedings were:—M.-Figualorn, Barcelona ; M. from continental towns and countries gave hopeful ac- blessings will be realized in the purer spirit of forbearance Hertz, Hamburg ; M. Clink Sterk, Holland ; M. Ma- counts of the spread of free-trade doctrines in their re- and justice which will characterize the intercourse of thyssens, Antwerp ; M. Cherbulier, Zurich ; M. Masson, spective localities.—The Congress shortly afterwards ad- nations. With respect to the prospects of free trade on Vervain; Mr. Charles Holland, chairman of the Cham- journed for the day. the continent, Mr. Cobden writes:—" I confess that ray ber of Commerce, Liverpool ; Mr. Francis Boult, Liver- On the reassembling of the Congress on Wednesday, chief hope rests on the poverty of the continental Go- pool Financial Keform Association ; Mr. Wickham, M. David, of Denmark, gave up his right to speak, and vernments. The continual augmentation of their mili- M.P., delegate of the Bradford Chamber of Commerce ; M. Wattel, of the Chamber of Commerce of Antwerp, tary establishments will compel them to enter upon a Mr. Oliveira, M.P. ; Mr. E. Chadwick ; Mr. W- Ewart, made some observations with a view to showing that the reform of their tariffs as the only mode of enabling their M.P. ; Mr. Winkwortb ; M. Suringar, the founder of tendencies of the Chamber he represented were not pro- peoples to support the constant increase of expenditure. the Dutch Mettray ; Mr. C. Allhusen, chairman of tho tectionist, as' two previous speakers had asserted, and There is scarcely a country in Europe whose revenues Chamber of Commerce, Newcastle ; MM. Guillaumin that the people of Antwerp inclined to free trade. M. might not bo largely augmented by abolishing its prohi- and Gamier, Society of Economists, Paris ; Mr. S. Plim- Ackersdeyk, from Holland, foll owed, but his remarks bitive, and modifying its protective, Customs' duties. boII, Yorkshire Coal Owneis; Mr. Swan, Chamber of were not audible. A Swiss gentleman, representing the In this way, a Peel or a Huskisson could in France, Commerce, Leeds ; Mr. Burn, Manchester ; Mr. Henry ^Nation al Institution of Geneva, then made some very Ilussiaj" or Spain iucrcaso the annual revenue several Bohn, London; Mr. F. O. Ward ; Mr. Niell, Consul for energetic remarks, with a degree of vehemence which millions sterling, an d give an indefinite expansion to the Montevideo. provoked some mirth. In tho course of these observa- industry and wealth of tho people." Mr. Corr Vandermaeren, President of the Belgian Free tions, he wandered into the question of the oppressed . An international congress of homoeopathic doctors com- Trade Association, opened the proceedings by glancing nationalities, but was called to order by the Presidont. menced sitting at Brussels on Tuesday, and will sit till at the previous Congress of a similar character hold in After Sefior Matias Gomez Villaboa, who appeared for a this day (Saturday), in the hall of the Philharmonic 1847, and at the -various reforms in the way of the re- Spanish Agricultural Society, had read from a paper Society, Ruo do TEvequc. It is understood that the moval or reduction of Customs' imposts since that year which, as far as could be distinguished, appeared to be widow of Jiahncrminn, the founder of the homceopatliic in the several countries of Europe. He then resigned opposed to free trade, System, applied to bo allowed to take part in tho con- his place to M« C. do Brouckere, who bad been elected M. Molinari occupied tho tribune. He had to report ference, but was refused on tlie ground tliat she hn the secretary, the time allotted b tho colonial system should bo ?^ft!^ ?° > arter of an y abolished. of Mr. Bessemer continues to fca an absorbing topic, lmt SLri ^ ^T* ^ hour-boing in some Iho third proposition was to tho effect that " tho its probable value is strongly contested. Tho liabilities *** * otbora considerably exceeded. Congress desired that all duties on rivers running from of Mr. G. P. not Th« flrST *^Ve Wa M Simcox, of Kidderminster, are stated *JS£?n«fl tST £ l ' Clmk Sterk, Holland, who one country into another, and straits separating tliem, to exceed 21,000/., and 15s. in tho pound is offered in should bo abolished." Carried with ono dissentient instalments. ' From Nottingham, tho accounts continue voice. extremely favourable. In tho woollon districts, the Tho fourth proposition, suggested by M. Couvrour, transactions nro 9ntisfactory, and the Irish cloth nmrket mm'mmmwas to "tlie effect that tho passport aystorn should bo continues firm.— Times. September 27, 1856.] THE LE1DBR, 917 There is talk of a partial failure In the general business of the port of London during of the Indian corn CONTINENTAL NOTES. crop in the "West. ¦ the same -week, there has been considerable activity. ¦ ' ' ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ The total number of ships reported inward was 267, A copy of a communication from Don Leon Alvarado • . PBANCE. .-; .; . .. being 103 over the previous week. Among these were to the Governor of the Republic of Honduras, advising M. Jerome Bokaparte, of America, is about to leave 29 laden: with corn and flour, 25 with sugar, four with him of the conclusion .of the negotiations with England, France for the United States. tea, and 12 with fruit. The total number of vessels and specifying the terms of the treaty, has been published. The Monxtetir publishes the returns of the principal cleared outward was 128, showing a decrease of 23; the The letter is dated " Legation of Honduras, London , Sept. articles of merchandize imported into France during the number in ballast being 13. The number of vessels on 15, 1856 , thirty-fifth anniversary of the Independence," eight months of 1856 ending on the 1st instant, together the berth loading for the Australian colonies is 77, being and intimates that the negotiations with England are con- with the Customs' duties levied thereon, which amounted one less than at the last account. Of those now loading, cluded. Although claiming the Bay Islands, Honduras to 114 ,592,525f. Compared with, the receipts during twelve are for Adelaide, two for Auckland, one for Can- was willing to leave them free to the enterprize of the the corresponding period of 1855, there is a diminution terbury, six for Geelongv five for Hobart-town, four for world, on condition that lier sovereignty were recognized in 1856 of 2i.67l ,685f. The salt-tax produced, during Launceston, three for Melbourne, two for Moreipn Bay, a nd the Mosq_uito territory were returned to her. The the eight months of 1856 , 20,661,335f. six for New Zealand, fifteen, for Port Philip; one for United States have also accepted these conditions. The Monite ur de la Flotte, in an article in which the Portland Bay, one for Port Pairy, fifteen for Sydnejy Mount Vernon Hotel, at Gape May, Cape Island, was celebration of the Fete Napoleon at the Pirajus was two for Swan River, one for "Wellington , and one for destroyed by fire on the night of September 5, anil Hr. mentioned, commented in rather strong terms on the Warnambool.—Idem. Philip Cain, the lessee,' with his son -anti two daughters, absence of the Greek Ministers frora the celebration of -Great indignation is expressed at the expedient, lately- and the housekeeper, Mrs. Albertson, lost their lives. the Te Deum. M. Roque, the Greek Charge'.d'Affaires practised by the Government of Buenos Ayres, of making This immense hotel was built by a company of gentle- at Paris, has written a letter to the journals, stating that an offer to compromise its foreign debt, and subsequently men , at a cost of 125,0 00 dollars, upon which there is the reason of that absence was simply because the Mi- taking advantage of the fact that the bondholders bad no insurance. The edifice, which was entirely of nisters had not been invited to be present, but that they suggested some modifications, -which the finance Minister wood, was first occupied in 1853. had, in the us-ual manner, called on the French. Minister was well aware would be required, as a pretext for sum- to offer their congratulations. ' marily cancelling the negotiation. IRELAND. It now turns out that the persons arrested last week in Paris on The London and Paris Bank has been dissolved. A Joed* S.vdleir and the late Earl of Shrkwsb-ury.— account of a political plot in which they meeting of the shareholders, convened by ' the directors, The Tablet- relates an anecdote of John Sadleir, highly were concerned numbered forty-nine instead of thirty, was held on Friday -week, when it was stated that, owing illustrative of the crafty character of the man, and show- ns originally stated. to the altered state of public opinion with respect to ing the skill with which he contrived to inveigle himself Establishments are, it is said, in process of formation joint-stock banks, in consequence of recent events, and into the friendshi p and confidence of people of all ranks. at the French settlement of New Caledonia for the re- to the disinclination of a considerable number of the Amongst the effects of the late Earl of Shrewsbury, a ception of political and other prisoners.. shareholders to pay up their calls, it was though t ad- will has recently been discovered, by ' the executors of The Emperor and Empress went last Saturday to St. visable to wind up the affair. A resolution to this effect that nobleman, in favour of John Sadleir, to .whom the Jean de Luz. In spite of the bad weather, they visited was agreed to. The directors propose, as a first instal- Earl bequeathed, absolutely and unconditionally, his the embankment made at that interesting little town, a ment, to make a return of capital as follows:—On each entire estates. This will was made previously to another yart of whiefi, unfortunately, has already been carried share of 10/. paid up, 11. ; on ditto 3 0L paid up, 27/. ; in favour of the infant son of the late Duke of Norfolk, away by the sea. The Emperoi gave lOOOf. to the- on ditto 501. paid up, 47Z. They will then, after defray- but it was not on account of what transpired after the Jlayor for purposes of charity, lOOOf. to the Commis- ing expenses, declare a final dividend, payable after the suicide of Sadlier that the latter will was made. A high sary of the Marine for the widows of sailors, and 5000f. second meeting required by the chaTter for the dissolu- ecclesiastic had advised the Earl to place his affairs in the to the curate for the repair of his church.—Moniteiir. tion of the company.—-The bank was started last No- hands of Catholics well known for their honour and Prince Napoleon left Christianla during the night of vember with the 5th of September, after having received from the , . a view to establishing branches in several probity, by whom it is supposed tliat the executors of " of the Continental cities. the existing will were recommended to his lordship. hands of the Viceroy the insignia of the Norwegian Sir. W. O. Young, ship and insurance broker, veaa on However, he never informed them of the previous dispo- Order of St. Olaf. He has also been received by the Tuesday awarded an immediate certificate of the first sition he had made of his property, and rejected their King of Sweden. . class by the Commissioner of Bankruptcy. advice on many points. In bequeathing The Constttutionnel has been reading a lecture to cer- his estates to tain of the nglish Sadleir, the Earl intended that he should appl them to E papers which , it alleges, have been y employ charitable and ecclesiastical purposes, and the only mode ing an offensive tone towards the French Govern- AMERICA. of accounting for his. choice of the person to whom he ment, arid thus endangering the performance of the alli- The civil war in Kansas has reached an alarming de- left his proper^', is that his solicitor was the same as ance. The Siecle denies the truth of the accusation, and velopment. The Tree-soilers have been encountered at John Sadleir's. It is more than probable that this gen- concludes by remarking :-—" We are glad to see the Con- stilulionnel paying a signal homage to the power of the two or three points ¦ ' ¦ by their opponents, who have in tleman knew nothing whatever either of the frauds " " ¦ ' ¦* every case defeated them. At Ossawatornie, on the which Sadleir had committed, nor of the speculations pr ess. . . ¦ in The Princess de 30th ult., the auti-slavery men were routed after an ¦which he was . engaged. " And it is probable," says the . Chambord is said to be enceinte. hour's hard fighting, and twenty of their number were Tablet, " that so astute a man as Sadleir would, so far Great complaints are being made of the dearness of all killed or wounded. On the 2nd of the present month, as possible, keep from the knowledge of his Catholic necessaries p f life in Paris at the present time. House- Leavenworth was attacked by the pio-siavery party^ solicitor everything -which would tend to lover his opi- rent is more especially alluded to as been excessively who drove out all the Free-soilers at the point of the nion of him, and seek other and less scrupulous advisers high. This having been attributed to recent demolitions, bayonet, and destroyed or confiscated their property ; to carry out the details of his frauds with which it has been said constructions have not kept and speculations." pace and parties of Missourians (advocates of slavery) took —This story has been contradicted on authority by the , the Maiuteur publishes a statement, according to possession of the Iowa road, thus cutting off the retreat Times, which, says :— " We are assured that the will in which the houses pulled down from 1852 to 1856 in- of their enemies. Colonel Geary, the newly-appointed question was a temporary will executed on the Earl's clusively are 1565, while those built or enlarged have Governor of Kansas, is on his way to the seat of the coming of age ; it is true that Mr. Sadleir's name was been 6552. The number of demolitions, it is said, is disturbances, and has already taken steps for putting inserted in it, but it was as one of four trustees, selected annually on the decrease, but that of the constructions down, by aid of the militia, the civil war which by the Earl himself, including persons of rank, Mr. yearly increases, and amounts, in 1856 alone, to 200O threatens the whole state. A request has been made to Sadleir being at that time one of the Lords of the Trea- houses. The Moniteur contends that the augmentation. the Governors of Kentucky and Illinois for military sury. The supposed finding of this document within of rent is merely temporary. assistance. Instructions to the military , authorities a few days, and tho alleged ignorance on the part 1 he Empeior and Empress have attended another bull- fi ght at Bnyonne. have been issued by Mr. Marcy, and by Mr. Davis, the of the executors of the tenor of it, are wholly incorrect." War Secretary, authorizing their interference in sup- The Earl, of Cahlislk.-—Tlio Lord-Lieutenant is to Despatches from tho Governor-General of Algeria, pressing the belligerents. leave Ireland about the middle of the ensuing month for having reference to the recent operations against the The Presidential election in Maine on the 8th of Sep- England, where his Excellency will remain for some Kabyles, are published in the official journal. Marshal tember resulted in the triumph of the Republicans (anti- weeks. Mr. Horsmnn, the Chief Secretary, is to arrive Kandon conceives that the struggle in the country of the slavery men) by a largo majority. The returns were in Dublin before Lord Carlisle takes his departure. Guechtoulns is near its termination. not all in. when the accounts left, bu t it was supposed The Doav-Agkk Mauciiioxess ok Lonik>ni»*:rry en- The Bishop of Arras; whose " confidential circular to that tho majority would reach 10,000 or 15,000. The tertained two hundred and fi fty-live of the tenantry of his clergy," condemning the mixed schools of Calais and friends of Colonel Fremont aro greatly elated by their her Antrim estates at dinner, in the market-house other towns, has lately excited much discussion, now of publishes a success. Carnlough, on Thursday week. Her ladyship's son, " pastoral" in 'Which he explains his forme* The Federal Government has decided upon exercising Lord Adolphus Vnno Tempest, occupied tho chair, and, act and establishes a distinction between a passive and its authority in suppressing the San Francisco Vigilance among those present, were the Protestant , Presbyterian, nn active consent given to heresy. 4«v Committee. The instructions have not yet bcoii made and Itoman Catholic clergymen, and several of the local Tho Emperor has expressed a wish, through Field- public.—From Greytown there is news of the arrival at gentry. After dinner, her lad yship addressed tho Marshnl Serrano, Spanish ambassador, that the Froncli that port from New Orleans, and of the immediate de- meeting. republican refugees who were expelled from Sebastian, parture for Granada, of a party of seventeen persons, Religious Intolerance.—An assault has been com- previous to the Imperial visit to that place should be consisting of a certain Mnneosos, Walker's chief recruit- mitted in the island of Boffin , off the const of Mayo, on permitted to return. The Spanish umbassador has com- ing agent in the United States, fifteen Filibusters, en- soino,clergymen and their wives, and on tho agents of a municated this to his Government, and the refugees i n listed for the service of the adventurer, and M. Pierre missionary society,- who had visited the island. After question will return to Sebastian in a few days. Soultf. having been, on tho island for some hours, they were PRUSSI A. Mr. O. Smith, of Now York, has been appointed about leaving, when a. mob of the peasantry assembled, After describing the pleasure trips of tlio King uP Minister from Walker's Governmen t to tho United and commenced hooting and pelting them with stones, so Prussia during tho last few weeks, the Times Berlin cor- States. The Government at Washington is determined that they had some difficulty in getting on board their respondent proceeds:—•" The only thing of general in- not to recognize him. He 5s proposing a loan in New boat. The l>ontmen, who were Itoinan Catholics, known terest connected with these autumn manoeuvres in East York of 2,000,0 00 dollars, secured by a mortgage of to tho inlanders, interfered to protect the visitors, and , Prussia was the use there, for tho first time in Prussia, tho public lands of Nicaragua to trustees. Costa ltica with the exception of some bruises from stones, tho party of the locomotive electric telegraph , which was invented is arming against Walker. President Mora lias issued escaped unh urt. ;ind fi rst used in Austria nt tlio Ohiilltz manoeuvres ht an address to the citizens of the Central American Re- Execution.—Charles M'Crcady, tho soldier of the 1853, at which the la to Emperor Nicholas was present. publics, urging them to forget past differences, and unite G8th Light Infantry, who was convicted at the last It consists of a close omnibus-looking vehicle, drawn by against Walker. assizes of tho murder of Sergeant Guinny, of the same horses, and containing nn electric battery, together with The reports of tho condition of tho public health nt regiment, was executed on Monday. a supply of motul wire, protected by guttapercha, whicli New York represent nn encouraging state of things. At Threatening Lettish.—A threatening letter has^ runs off fro m a reel as tho vch icle advances from the tho various points where tlio yellow fever prevails, the been received by Mr. Abraham Coates, agent to tlio spot where tho wire was originally made fast. This spol disease continues to decline.—Tho fitting out of slavers Right Hon. the Karl of Stradbrobo over the Ballyma- is tlio head-quarters of tho coinnmnder-in-chiof of the at New York still continues, notwithstanding all the enrby estate, stating-, among other things, that tho ni anaitvra , or of a hypothetical battle. The point to efforts made by tho Government officers to prevent it. writer would have " the pleasure of meeting him (Mr. which tho vehicle advances, ' as the crow flies,' in tbe Great difficulty iB experienced in getting satisfactory Coates) before long with powder and ball." No trnco advanced post of n general of division, or tho extreme legal evidence. has been discovered of the porpetratora of tlio outrage. point of nn. outlying wing ; and in its passage from ons 9ft3 THE LEADER; [No . 340, Saturday, spot to the other pointed staves of some eight or ten feet The Empress Dowager and the Grand Duke Constau- He confidence that the Piedmontese people put in their In length, and provided at one end with the proper insu- tine are about to proceed to Italy. King and in their Government, should not meet with lating bed for.the wire, are let down at intervals from GERMANT. the sympathy of him who holds-the first place in the ly of manual labour being council of a friendl the vehicle. A sufficient supp Tie police of the town of Breslau, in Silesia, have y state. We regret that the sponta- drive into the ground these staves or poles on neous and universal co-operation of the ¦at hand to been, instructed to see to the tuning of the hand-organs whole people to which the wire is supported, the electric communication secure one of the bulwarks of the independence of y as the vehicle which, are allowed to be played in the streets , and to take Pied- may be said to be established .as rapidl care that they do not offend musical ears by unpleasing mont—and we may say also of Italy—should provoke with Its materiel can. be conveyed from one part of the discords remarks which are not friendly from an Italian Govern- and certainly within a , to prevent which they are subjected no-w to a ment. But not field of operations to the other, monthl y inspection and trial by the authorized officers on that account can we grant to the very f ewminutes of its arrival messages can be trans- Tuscan, any more than to other Governments, the right -without supporting the of tlie municipality/ mitted. It has also been used Friday week being the anniversary of the battle of of demanding explanations relative to an act which does wire en poles, by simply running the wire out and not concern it, and -which injur-cs no one, least of all but I am not aware -what the/barricades of 1848, some democratic demonstrations Tuscany, letting it lie on the ground, were made at Francforr, and a young man was arrested who has nothing to do with the frontiers, for the comparative results of the two methods have been." the deferfte of which the fortiGcations of whilst holding in his hands a red flagr and delivering a Alessandria are The King of the Belgians is said to he expected at destined. As for the subscription of the 10, 000 muskets Berlin on a visit to the Court about the end of October. speech to the public assembled at the cemetery to you have alread place fresh flowers and wreaths on tbo graves of those y made the opportune remark to the Baron Humboldi. attained his eighty-seventh birthday of the working class who fell on the barricades. President of the Government of the Grand Duke that on Sunday week, -which he passed in strict retirement. Jiis Majesty's Government has stopped that DENMARK. subscription His health is still remarkably vigorous for his age. and that legal proceedings have been set on foot to act The nuptials of the Princess Louisa of Prussia -with Kecent advices from Copenhagen speak of the delibera- against the promoters of it." the Grand Duke of Baden -were solemnized on Saturday tions of the Sound Dues Conferences as proceeding very A piece of spiteful revenge lias been committed on evening in the Royal Schloss with all the prescriptive satisfactorily, so that a result may be expected about some of tlie men of the . Anglo- ¦ Italian Legion by the solemnities.—It has been remarked, " The poetry of the middle of October. despotic powers of Notheru Italy. " Twenty - seven, earth is never dead." It might with equal trutli be Extensive peculations and embezzlements in the con- privates and four n on-commis&ioncd officers, recen tly averred, " The foolery of courts will never die." The tracts for clotuitig and provisioning tlie army have just discharged at Malta," says tbe Globe, " were forthwith Times Berlin correspondent in giving an account of the been detected in Denmark. Above sixty persons are , t( - on their arrival in the Austrian states, Tuscany, and court ceremonies, records this astounding antic :— The supposed to be implicated in them, including many ap- Parma , incarcerated f -ans ceremoxie in. the prisons of the newly married couple took their places with the Xing parently respectable manufacturers arid tradesmen, with two latter states: the Lombards, thirteen in number, and Queen on the dais under the throne canopy, and the several Government officials who held a high rank in the were for warded , on tueir arrival on the frontiers, undei Princesses ranged themselves on the right hand of the civil or the military service. These frauds appear to militar y escort to Mantua , to be tried by court-martial throne, and the Princes on the left, according to their have been carried on systematically for. ten years past, for accepting service in a foreig/n state With out the per- rank. At a signal from the King, the Lord High Mar- and it is asserted that not less than two millions and a mission of the ruling power. The English ministers at shal approaches the young couple and requests them to half of francs will cover the amount which the Govern- these courts have protested against- the course pursued open the dance, -which they e given in case Fifty-six persons which, were to be The feat thus described is followed by the scrambling were thus savagely and illegally punished. On the dav of seven and a half millions of francs, for tie bride's garter—but start not, oh l proper ' English after this statement was made, the Procurator-tieneralo reimbursed to the treasury by the sale of the estates ia reader ! The garter is no garter mortmain , lTndp.r the existing law for the secularization , but a very inoffensive asserted that Captain Acuti had told positive falsehoods, of that kind of property. Kioa Rosas was not piece of blue ribbon , fringed, , ht legall present on " with silver lace and hav- contended that forty stripes mig y be given, and this occasion, but at a subsequent sitting lie opposed tie ing the initials and coronet of the bride embroidered in averred that the increase had bceu ordered, not by the decree silver , and prepared in advance and carried by the King, but by his Ministera. Acuti •will , arid censured his colleagues for tlie course they , be again exa- : had taken. Senor Cantero, however said, that if the Xf tho sales, but populationsof the vast territory which it possesses be- play of scant courtesy, not to uso strongor language, yond the Lake oi Baikal in Northern Asia only a temporary interru ption , to afford time to tlio Go- , , shall, receive which they exhibit towards those Piedmonteso subjects vernment to como to nn tbo Holy an ovganizatkm similar to tbat of coy tain populations of who visit the Grand Duchy, nevertheless I admit that I understanding with , See on the subject. Tho sale of the national and com- tha Blade Sea and the Don, and shall be called " Cos- heard with surprise from your confidential despatches of Backs of the B«Ucalj " also that they ahall form a special date of the 2nd instant the expulsion munal property would continue. the , abrupt ," &c. An insurrectionary band appearance in. a™y> «m»isti»g Kbwever only of cavalry, commanded by . Ho proceeds, further on:—" Tho President of the Grand has mndo its a betmaa. The«ovemnicaai has likowiae decided that tho Ducal Government is mot satisfied with the voluntary tho mountains of Toledo, and is being hotl y pursued. QoremoiyGMMTOi „, TSsmUan Siberia shall have under subscription which is actually going on in the Sardinian rORTUOAL. his comauuad the Maritime deportment which has juat States for tho purpose of making tlie present to his Tho bejeu ertablkkod Ma- The cholera is raging fiercel y at St. Vincent. at fctauak , ftTwf£Uica compri8e« the ad- jesty's Government of one hundred, cannons intended for medical men have fallen victims, and tho inliabitanta m»irtr«*ioa of th% «f ««*» an4 ^^ ^jo the the fortifioationa of ALoasandrio. We regret that a de- uro loft without assistance Tho dead bodies remaia uu- monstration, whose object is to testify and, to increase buried in tho streets. September 2.7, 1856.] THE LEADER/ 919

¦ ' ¦ . - ' " TURKEY. porter has trul y recorded what -was said, bat it -was pro-

OUR CIVILIZATION. ¦ babl y not within his province to narrate ¦ the ¦ ¦ strongl ' ¦ - y- ¦ ¦ - - ——?—— - Pour battalions of fhe Guard have left Constantinople . • . expressed disgust of a crowded court at the part in tlie expedition against refusal o£ for the purpose of taking . FORGERY ON THE CRYSTAL PALACE Mr. Davies and Mr. Horry to respond to the earnestly- Montenegxo. ^ COMPANY. expressed opinion of the Recorder that they should The Na3b, Chief of the Circassians, dismissed by Sefer return to the poor woman the p A FORGER-jr on the Crystal Palace Company to the extent money for wiich they had acha , has arrived at Constantinople. Sefer Pacha, who of a little less than 5000J. has been committed by a rendered no services. At length they promised to head of 30 000 men return. is at the , , has addressed a proclama- «lerk in the transfer office, named William James Rob- 2L the next day, but the poor creature lost another, tion to the Circassians, inviting them to wage an ener- day's work attending to receive the money, against the Russians. son. Towards the close of last week, it was observed for none was getic war by the accountant of tne company, who had lately re- returned." The writer then gives some g-eneral de A serious conflict took place on the 8th instant at tails turned to the duties of his office after illness, that the with respect to the defence of the poor:—" The material Trebizonde. Some Turkish boatmen tore down the nag numbers on certain dividend certificates and those of the to work upon is amply provided by the affections, the of a Russian merchant vessel, and threw the sailors into ignorance, the hopes, and the misery of the the sea. The Russian consul has demanded the dis- shares standing in the names of the owners did not tally. friends and He sent to- Mr. Robson, throug h whose department these relations of prisoners who attend at every session. Month, missal of tlie commander of the town, an indemnity, and afte r month , hundreds of prisoners arc tried the punishment of the boatmen with the bastinado. shares would pass, and drew his attention to the fact, , causing The inquiring how it could hap pen. Robson replied that thousands of hearts to be wrung with indescribable Divan- is inquiring into the matter. : agon y ; and , whatever selfi sh A rjortion of the Imperial Ottoman there had been two transfers of the shares, some of them depravity may appear in Guard is embodied hot having been app lied for ; that they had lain in the the dock, our common nature brings to aid them hearts for Herzegovine ; the Porte declaring that it will cause full of sensibility. Sacrifices almost incredible its rights in Montenegro, which is an integral office for a year and a half, and that he did not think it are con- part of necessary to enter the iirst name. The accountant ob- stantl y made by the mothers, wives, sisters , and friends the empire, to be respected. It is stated that the Western of prisoners but more particularl Powers will interpose as mediators. served that there must be a certificate of transfer some- , y women ; men cannot where. "Oh yes," replied Robson , with great confi- go through these scenes. Often I hear tlie mother, with, The squadron under Admiral Lord Lyons, according dence , X have got them all locked up at my glazed eye, say ing, Father to the French papers, has received telegraphic orders " house." ' 's taken to his bed since this The accountant reminded him that these certificates affair ; it's unnerved him ;' or , ' Father couldn't bear an. from London to remain, in consequence of the difficulties should be in the office and said he would have a interview.' And father sits in the raised by Russia respecting the cession of Bolgrad and , horse lobby while mother put to at once, and drive over with Mr. Robson to his goes into Newgate, lier love neither ' chilled by selfish- her; claim to the Isle of Serpents. It is added, tha t the house at Kilburn ness nor dauuted by danger Prench Government , foi the purpose of fetching them. , nor weakened by worthless- irhich lias hitherto takeii no part This was agreed to, and they immediately started for ness, nor stifled by ingratitude.'"—Mr- Davies has. in the recent naval demonstration in the Black Sea, is Kilburn. On their arrival, Robsou showed the ac- since ¦written to the Times to state that he has returned, sending slips. For the same reason, the Austrians will the sovereign he received , and so he remain in the Principalities. countant, with whom lie was on terms of acquaintance- believe3 has Mr. ship, into the parlour, and ordei-ed luncheon, as they Horry. An abstract of a note, addressed by the Turkish Go- ¦ should stop some time. He . then left the Tcom for an Cruel Treatment of a Ginu— The wife of a farmer vernment to the Cal)inets of the Powers which signed instant at Tavistock, named Grills, has been charged the Treaty of Paris, , and returned. This going out and re-entering at tlie and dated about the end of July, has occurred several times without occasioning any doubt on Town Hail with ill-using a girl , of fourteen, who had been published. It lias reference to the question of: the been taken from the union workhouse to serve in union of the anubian rinci the part of the accountant, until a longer absence than tlie D P palities, which the Porte house of Mrs. Grills. The poor girl , who was horri bl strongly opposes, the document asserting that the Sultan before led to suspicion. On inquiry, it was found that y ¦ , Robson. had flown, and speedil y a man arrived with a emaciated, had been repeatedly beaten, cut , and burn t ; while wishing to guarantee " an independent and na- and Mr. Grills tional internal administration note from him, stating that he had sent a man and an , who seems to have been a humane ma.ii, ," cannot consent that the account back to the Crystal Palace, as lie Iiimself was was often obliged to interfere to protect tlie child and form of the government should be " opposed to the con- would even call in stitution of the empire. compelled by urgent business to go to town, that night. the neighbours to assist him. At " The Ottoman Government An immediate investigation of the accounts and shares length , he removed the girl, aJid Mrs. Grills was appre- doubts what is asserted by the partizans of 1he union , hended. She was committed viz.j that a state would thus took place, and the board, at their meeting last Satur- for trial, and , on being re- be created strong enough to day, declared the ascertained loss to be somewhat under moved, would probably have experienced some rough serve as a barrier for the empire , the population being treatment from a large too small to furnish a large 500W. mob had. she not been taken ¦ army. It is also questioned " A rewaTd of 250Z. is offered for the apprehension of through a back door.—A similar case has been brqug-ht whether the proposed measure would be for the benefit of obson forward at the Uoncaster Borough the people themselves, R , who is described as of gentlemanly appearaftce, police-court, where as the weaker Principality would and as being thirty years of age. We understand that James Wood, a tailor , was charged with ill-using his of course be absorbed into the stronger " would , and he lived in superb style at the Priory, Kilburn though apprentice , a deaf-and-dumb boy. Being dissatisfied lose the advantages it lias hitherto possessed. ""When , the treaty decided his salary at the Crystal Palace was.only 200/. a year ; with some work he had performed, Wood plunged a to consult the wishes of the that he kept several carria ges and horses ; and that clasp-knife into the boy's leg just below the knee, caus- two provinces on the reforms to be introduced in the he rinci represented himself to his friends as a gentleman of in- ing a deep wound. A few days afterwards, the lad \raS P palities , the Turkish Government always under- violentl y struck on the left stood that nothing more dependent projierty. He Is a person of good education, temple, the blood flowing was meant than a revision of and possesses some literary havin g copiousl y; and similar treatment was of frequent their org-anic laws, so as to raake faculty, lately pub- occur- their Government lished a "blank verse play called Jitanca , which contains rence. The boy, also, was hal f star ved, and was driven strong and their administration just. To consult the to robbing an orchard to get ' wishes of the two provinces on their unquestionable evidence of poetical powers. He is also something to eat. The form of government, author of Love and Loyally, which was played at the bench compromised the matter, proposing that half the consequently on their relations with the empire, the vassals o-f which they Mary lebone Theatre about two years ago, and of some premium (71. 10s.) should be refunded , all the costs would be, the Turkish Govern- other plays. paid, and the indentures cancelled ; committal for trial ment thinks ^establishing a precedent which would being the alternative. The scarcely be in harmony terms were accepted. with the conservative ideas of Embezzlement.-—"William Farr, a young- man of re- Burglary i>* "1 oitKSHiitE.—A public-house, about the great Powers of Europe. The Porte regrets that spectable exterior, pleaded Guilty at Worship-street to midway between Sheffield and Barnsley, there should be .l£ept by a MIiss any difference of opinion between it and a charge of having committed numerous acts of em- Hobsou , an old woman , was entered on Monda y night some of its allies ; but, wishing to give them a proof of its bezzlement , and of stealing the sum of 10/. 5a. from his by five men , three of whom carried lighted candles. Tho regard fo-r them, it does not wish to give a public refusal employers Messrs. Cater and Co., insbury faces of t on this ' , silkmercers, F wo were blackened ; those . of tlie other three question in tlie firman for the convocation of the Pavement, a deficiency which he made up for by a were smeared with red, and nets were thrown over their Divan ad hoc Avhich is preparing-, and hopes that they, forged cheque. He was sentenced to three months' im- heads. Having thrown the bed clothes over the justl y appreciating faces of this proof of contidence, will co-ope- prisonment. Miss Ilobson and of her niece, who slept with her, and rate to obtain a result in- conformity with the views, Legal -Sharks.—A species of cruel rascality now having threatened them with sticks nay, the ri , they ransacked tlio ghts of the Forte. In conclusion, tlie Turkish commonly practised in tlie law courts has lately come place, and departed. One of thorn had pre viously struck Government insists that the question , which touches before the notice of the Recorder at the Central Criminal so closel both the women with his stick, on their attempting to un- y the rights and interests of the Sultan, should Court , and is thus described in a letter to the Times, by cover themselves ; but the blows were not violent. Thoy not bo submitted to the public discussions of assemblies Mr. Uuder-Sheriff llose, who relates a particular- instance left behind them a bunch of skeleton keys aud three which nr« not accustomed to great political debates, but which occurred last week ;— with, to the "A youth was charged formidable bludgeons. serious examination of the Powers, and that the a petty fraud at the Guildhall police-oflico. A female A Sev Eiiis Sentence.— Three-fourth s of a field at question should be decided before it comes within the relative range of the , the prisoner s aunt, attended to aid. him in his Combinartin, Devonshire, were latel y used by Mr. Robert passions of populations which are already distress ; her famine-struck face and cold cotton gown Hole, a gentleman farmer of considerable property, for excited, sind which, by their incomplete social education, proclaimed her calling—a might prefer Utopias poor needle-woman. She was pasturing cattle. At the beginning of tho present to truth and realities." immediately pounced . upon' by one of the legal agents month , several of the animals belonging to other renters THE DANUBIAN PniNCIP ALITnOS. who, to the disgrace of the authorities, are permitted to suddenly died, and exhibited symptoms of poisoning. Great opposition infest these courts, nnd told that 11. would be required. One of the beasts so killed was a donkey ; and a post having been made by the Austrian She returned to her home, begged, borro wed , and pawned, mortem examination showed that it had been destroyed Government to the concession granted to Captain Mug- at length obtained the sovereign nan by Prince , and handed it over for by corrosive sublimate. Suspicion fell on Mr. Hole, who Ghikn , before his removal liom power, the defenco of her nephew. The value rictived in the had frequentl for a line of French steamers to run ' ' y been heard to warn several people to take on the Pruth and shape of legal advocacy may bo imagined—the prisoner their cattle away " wliilo they were safe. " Ho was ac- the Soreth , the Porte has sinco cancelled the permission given. was committed for trial. Having discovered her home, cordingly arrested, tried at tho Quartur Sessions, found. M. Thouvenel, the French ambassador at Con- she was followed there, and 11. Is. more was wrung front Guilty, and sentenced to four stantinople, years' penal servitude. His has protested against this, nntl has inti- her affection and misery. Tho se.-Kions at the Central motive appears to havo been a desire to get tho whole of m.ited that ho must still - consider the contract as legiti- Criminal Court approaching, another visit extorted a the field into his o mate , sinco it wn possession. " not only emanated from the will of further sum of 1/. 2s. The trial came on ; no attorney, Anoxiiisu Hoax.—Tho story which has boon cir«u- Princo Ghika, but has been ratified by a council of ministora. no counsel appeared for him ; the unfortunate lad knew lated about a Mr. John Fletcher of Wilmshaw ha ving got " Ho continues :— " I may add Unit, in pre- not that his iiunt had 'stripped her home to provide for up a han g sence of the clear ing exhibition in imitation of tho execution oC and positive text of Articl e 23 of the his defence. On tlio Monday lie was convicted and Pahnor, with Borne of the original and genuine 'proper- Treaty of Paris, the Porto itself resigns the right of an- nulling sentenced, and on tho Wednesday Mr. I lorry's cleric ties,' has been indignantly denied by tho person im- by a firma n or by an order of any kind an in- informed the poor woman that lie had never soon tiny plicated, ternal adminiatrativo measure ¦at adopted at Bucharest or brief in tho case. When these facts wero communicated A Shaicspkahkan Ir.Lij.sTiiATioN.—Sbakflpeare makes Jassy." of Tho 1 acha to the Recorder (a judge whoso keen sense of honour , Cordelia in King Livur talk commanding on the Danube has received dignity of presence Idndnes.s of lieart, and conscientious Darnel orders to occupy with troops , " , and all tho idle- weeds tliat grow tho seven or cigM points at administration of justice, and of mercy too, have never In our sustaining corn." which the river is practicable, nnd to fortify the tiles ch pout on both sides been excelled—rarulr equalled), ho directed Mr. Daviud An example of the truthfulness of tltis allusion came Tho recent movement of Ottoman and Mr. Horry to attend before him. I had the greatest before tho Lamboth magistrate on Saturday. A burlj troops fr om Widdnx to Kalafat, on tho loft tank of tho Uanubo, was effected in difficulty in getting the attorney to enter an appearance gentleman , who turned out to bo a Huntingdonshire pursuance of this ordor. Tlie in court., Mr. Horry stayed outside the door listening', farmer, fifty-seven years of age, and of tho name oi resol ution of tho Porto is said to have tho full approval of tho Austrian and only appeared when X stated to the judge that he Darnell , wus brought up on a. charge of being drunk and Government. was there, out of night, but within hcuriujj. Your re- disorderly. Ho has recently come into aoino large 920 THE LEADER. [No. 340, Sa^urda^, Pratt a yoath of seventeen, charged -with stealing property, by -which he appears to have been made almost , of stealing three sovereigns from Reuben Overy a insane. He is in the habit of indulging to excess, and 98/. 10s. from the Chartered Bank of Australasia, where simple countryman. The story is as old as country of taking disreputable women into his house, with whom, lie was employed as a junior clerk. On the re-examina- gullibility and London knowragness. The much- after drinking immoderately, he often quarrels. Some- tion, the keeper of the house of ill-fame where the youth believing Heuben had suffered himself to be drawn all his was arrested, and one of the girls in whose .company he into times he goes oat into the street, and smashes a public-house, where Cross induced him to lend 3? without any motive ; and he has contrived to wa3 found, were among the witnesses ; and it appeared in order that he (Cross) might make a bet windows with a pie-" run through 20O01. in two months. In answer to some from cross-examination that both the man and the woman tended countryman that he could open a certain lock observations of the magistrate, Mr. Darnell said he did (though they denied it) were cognizant of the robbery. Of course he failed to do so, and the confederate - snatched not think that Peckham, where he resided while in A 20?. note, part of the plunder, was taken by the man up the money and fled. Cross then pretended to look towu, was by any means respectable. On the contrary, to the Bank of England and changed for gold. It had after him, but was given into custody. The man who it was the most blackguard place he ever was in, and he the man's name and address on it. The girl stated that acted the part of a countryman said, just before the should get out of it without delay. The magistrate re- the youth, Pratt, " used to drink lots of neat spirits out betting, that he wished he had never come to London as commended that he should put something handsome in of a tumbler.¦" She added:—" I had about 10/. of him he had lost his watch. Reuben then said he too was a the poor-box ; to which the idle weed that grows in the in two days. He bought me*two new dresses, a visite, a countryman, and shomld be careful of his monev ; but the sustaining corn of Huntingdonshire replied, " Here is a cloak, and a hat—one of those ' flop' ones." When very next moment, he fell into the snare. crown—-all the nioney I have about me," and left the Pratt found he could not escape from arrest, he burnt Tiik Notting-hilx Burglaks.—One of this gang, a court.—There is something typical, almost mystical, in so7iie of the notes, and said to the girl, " Don't frighten man named James Barnes, has been examined at Ham- this gentleman's name. Darnel is not only an " idle yourself, Harriet, dear ; I m all right now, if you -will mersmith, on a charge of breaking into, and robbing weed," but it is a weed which causes headaches and be true"—and she said she would be true. The youth the house of Mr. G. II. Ullathorne, No. 2, Lansdowr.e- lethargies—from which, no doubt, tlie Huntingdonshire was in the habit of taking Mr. and Mrs. Withers (the terrace, N"otting-hill. In consequence of the numerous fanner has sometime suffered. . keepers of the house), together with the girls, out on burglaries, and robberies that have recently taken place Attempted Murder. — A man, named William parties of pleasure. The man Withers, in the course of at N"ottiiig-hill, and ihe alleged deficiency of the police Smith, was charged at the "Worship-street police-office his evidence, gave a singular definition of ' wilful to protect the property of the inhabitants, it has been with an attempt upon the life of Mr. William "Ward, a lying.' He said that, on the Sunday morning when suggested, by a gentleman who has been a sufferer to cabinet-maker, living in Great Chart-street, Hoxton. the arrest took place, he obtained brandy for the youth, appoint watchmen and provide each of them with one of Mr. Ward encountered Smith on the previous day in a under pretence of its being "wan ted for a person with Colt's revolving pistols, against the midnight attacks of public-house, and the moment the latter saw him, he ex- cholera . " Then you did not mind telling a lie ?" asked the gangs which infest the locality. The entry in this claimed, " You don't know me, do you ?" Mr. Ward Mr. Lewis, counsel for the prosecution. "No ," an- case seems to have been effected with great skill, and to answered, that he did not desire to know him, upon swered "Withers, " but I never tell wilful lies." Alder- have been an elaborate piece of work. Barnes was re- which Smith drew a pistol from liis pocket, and pre- man Carter asked -what he called the story about the manded. —Another of the gang is also in custody. sented it at the head of the other, saying that that brandy but a wilful lie : to which he answered, " I knew A Crimean Guabdsmak charged with Thest.— would make him know- Mr. Ward seized hold of I could not get the brandy unless I-said it was for a case Robert Sindall, a private in the Guards, with a Crimean Smith's arm, and, having thus diverted the aim, hastily of cholera."—Pratt was committed for trial, but libe- medal, stands charged at Guildhall with stealing a 10/. left the house, and took refuge at the dwelling of a rated on bail. note from the prosecutor, a young-looking gentleman friend who lived near. Smith followed Mr. Ward to Central Crimixal Court. — William Hawthorn, named JoUn Cooke, who had invited the soldier and some the : other house, outside the door of which he remained William Cook, and Charles Fowler, three boys, were others into a public-house to have ale. The note for some time ; but, a policeman being sent for. he went indicted for feloniously setting fire to a waterproof had been tendered in payment at various houses, but away. Nothing more was seen of him until tlie after- clothing manufactory. They were seen to enter a shed always refused. Sindall then said he would get change, noon of the same day, when Mr. WanJ, having- occasion attached to the factory, and Cook , was heard to say, and the note was given to him, but he appropriated it, to return to the public-house, again encountered Smith " What a lark it would be to set it on fire!" They then and said it was his own. there, who immediately rushed at him, pistol in hand, got some snaviiigs and a match, and the shed was very A Dkonken WiF35.—:A charge of violent conduct was and pulled the trigger close to his head. Fortunately, soon in flames, the result being that nearly 150?. worth, brought against a Mrs. Edmonds, at Worship-street, by the powder did not ignite. The rufB.an then struck Mr. of property was destroyed. The jury found air three her husband. The woman is described as well dressed Ward four heavy blows on the head with the butt end, Guilty,.-with mischievous, not m alicious, intent, and the and pretty, but as exhibiting signs of dissipation ; causing blood to flow copiously. Some of the by- Mosecutor recommended them to mercy. They were sen- and it app eared from the statements of the husband, a standers interfered, and having -wrested the pistol from tenced to two months' hard labour.—Elizabeth Ann Hol- cabinet-maker at Hoxton, who evinced great distress,. Smith's hand, gave him into custody. At the station- well was tried for the manslaughter of her infant by that she is iri. the constant habit of getting drunk, and house, he declared that he intended to murder Mr. neglecting to provide it with proper nourishment. She outrageously assaulting him. She is a very good -woman,, Ward, and added that "he would do for him yet," was a married woman, separated from her husband, who he said, -when she is sober, but she has been intoxicated alleging, as his reason, tliat Mr. Ward had seduced his allowed her 14s. a week ; but it was alleged by the pro- nearly every day for the last four years, and this has wife, with whom he had carried on a, criminal conversa- secution that she squandered the money in drunkenness. made her ferocious. The husband was obliged to take tion for the.last two years, in consequence of which she The parish authorities found the child dead in. a her before the magistrate last Monday, when she agreed had gone raving mad. Smith was remanded. wretched room, and the mother lying in a torpid state, to separate and to acccept a, certain sum for maintenance ; Attempt to Extort Money,—John Pi-ingle, clerk with a bottle of poison beside her. The evidence but she savagely assaulted him on getting home, and to a solicitor at Glasgow, has been charged at the Man- adduced to prove the habitual drunkenness broke down, bit him in the back very severely. Edmonds stated to sion House with having, in a letter -written to Mr. Ben- and it appeared that the accused did her best to suckle the magistrate, when the woman was brought before him jamin Scott, secretary to the Bank of London, offered the child, but that the infant refused the breast. She again on Wednesday, that his business -was ruined by to suppress the publication of a pamphlet intended to do was Acquitted.-—A well-dressed woman, named Clara her, and that he was so very fond of her that .grief at injury to¦ the bank, on condition of being paid " a liberal Gowland "Voustarke, was indicted for stealing a drink- her misconduct had broken up his constitution. Never- sum of money." Pririgle claimed to have projected a ing glass from a public-house in Knightsbridgo. She theless, lie did not wish to prosecute her ; and the wife, bank of the same name some time before the establish- was in the habit of going to the house for 'gin-and- having promised tc keep away from her husband in, ment of the concern in question, and asserted that the water, and one day she offered for sale in Chelsea some future, was allowed to go. idea was . stolen from him—asseverations which were glasses belonging to the publican in question, and Robbery. -— Henry Stevens, clerk to Messrs. denied by Mr. Scott. When brought before the Lord with his name cut into them. She was given into Rowling; and Co., Friday-street, Norwich warehouse- Mayor, Pringle admitted that he had written the letter, custody, and, on being charged with stealing the glasses, men, -was charged at the Mansion House with having but urged that he had only executed a commercial right, said the accusation was " quite amusing," since she had embezzled moneys to the amount of SO?., the property in endeavouring to get remunerated for the title of the honestly bought them, and sold them again on account of the firm. He was committed for trial. bank. He -was remanded, but admittted to bail. The of being in distress. There was some doubt as to the Diseased Meat.—Mr. Reece Williams, of Mitcliam- accused was on Wednesday committed for trial, but libe- theft having been committed, and the prisoner's counsel strect, Insson-grove, was charged at Marylebone with rated on bail, having previously read over a document, called several witnesses, who spoke to her previous good having in his custody the carcase of a cow and some purporting to be his defence, in which he complnined of character, and her accomplishments as a teacher of music. pieces of meat in tlie course of preparation for sale, the having been very harshly used, and prevented commu- She was Acquitted, and her counsel undertook to return same being unfit for the food of man. The meat had nicating with liis friends." the glasse3 to the prosecutor.—J ohn Maiistru, a well- been condemned by Mr. Broughton, and ordered to be A Shah Auction Room.—Beware of 88, Regent- dressed young man, has been found Guilty of embezzling destroyed, after, an, examination which he had may th« °ra«W servants, the rivets which mitigated penalty of 51. each, and costs, for having father, who had been out looking for him, had passed k ha 8 been noatly unchod in occurred thh«e contents™tl ,° removedT' £ P » ««<» all their furnaces so constructed as not to consume tlieir close to the spot. Two similar instances have but a banker'a cheque. smoke. in other localities ; in one of which the child was found '• Sweet Skvkntken.—Further ovidenco day,_ receiv wa3 on Mon- Tint Old Story.—A man, named Thomas Cross, is alive. ed at the Mnnelon Hooso in the case of John in custody, and under remand at Southwark, on a charge A woman in tlte Lancaster Lunatic Asylum, manica ¦ ¦ September 27, 1856.] * . "" T H B L E A I> E B. 921

Martha'Lanton; has fceen accidentally poisoned, in con- preach as he pleases. There he is orfhis own tripod. If Shortly after the slip had struck, she was drifted off. sequence of two tallespoohsfuls of a "preparation of answered at all he must be answered on the literary again, and carried towards a deep pool opposite a place opium having been administered to her in lieu of an ground ; but if he were to say to advertizers, " No puffs called Donald's Cave. Here sh-e stuck fast. The mast3 aperient which had been prescribed for her. TJie without chapter and verse," th« advertizer might append went overboard very soon afterwards, and the vessel then woman had been in a bad state of .health for the last two to his laudation of his wares the name of the Manx Cat ; began to sink by slow degrees'. A great many people years, and on the day of her death it was judged neces- and hoir is the editor to know that the Manx Cep has were speedily collected on the spot, but, being unable to sary to give her a dose of what Tvas called in the asylum not called the work in question " the greatest production obtain any serviceable boat, no assistance could be ren- the ' house medicine,' which was a mixture of senna and of the human mind ?" dered to the crew foi several hours, and the persons" on salts. " This was accordingly administered to the invalid Nothing need be added to the remarks of our con- shore were compelled to witness the spectacle of their by the under matron ; but Lanton had not long swallowed temporary. Every literary journal contains adver- fellow-creatures beir.g one by one washed overboard by it when her face underwent a sudden change ; her lips tisements of " the greatest productions of the human the waves, and submerged; After a time, the ship like- became livid in colour, and her eyes -were fixed. The mind." The Nonconformist has an article on the wise sunk, and was completely buried under the waters. surgeon-superintendent was immediately called in, but, same subject, the writer of which entirely agrees About three hours afterwards, a boat, manned by five notwithstanding that every effort was made to recover with'us in the op inions we have put forth ; but we fishermen , was brought from a village on the estate of her, she expired in the course of the day. The bottle have no space to quote it. Mr. Traill, M.P., and two of the crew were rescued. All from which the medicine was poured had been filled by the rest, six in number, were drowned. The two men the house-porter in the absence of the surgeon and Ms NAVAt. AND MILITARY. - wwho* were saved were both foreigners (one appeared to.be as it had often been before and in the place a Russian), and as neither of them were able to speak a assistant, , Company. , where it was kept there was another jar which greatly The Genoa Tbansatlantic Steam — A wordyvQ of English, no one has yet been able to learn any- resembled the proper one in size and general appearance. rial trip was made on Thursday week between Graves- ^jthing relating to the cause of tlie disaster. The body of This contained opium and had been used inadvertently ind and the Nore, the ship being a handsome new screw thetn( captain's wife was washed ashore on the evening of , by Hardinge, partly on his own responsibility.' lie band, in' leaning over to rescue her, capsized trie boat, tiller, which, in, tlie highest sea, can be worked by two ^was severely wounded at Vittoria, and lost a hand under and all three were drowned. Loud cries for help -were men. BlucherB at Ligny. After the conclusion of the war, he heard by a shooting-party not far off; but they arrived Collision off Holyhead.—The ship Imogenc, Cap- wasw successively made Secretary at AVar, Secretary fur too late to help. Mr. Tanner has left an infant behind tain William, bound for Pernambuco, with six passen- Irelandii , Master-General of tlio Ordnance, and, in the year him. gers and a crew of eighteen, came in collision, last u1844, Governor-General of India. On the outbreak of t'nc Lieutenant-General Eyre and staff, and a number of Saturday morning, with the screw steamer Falcon, Cap- S:Sikli insurrection, Lord Hardinge again appeared on the pleasure seekers in the Saguenay river, Canada, have Jiacl tain Hynes, from Cork, with one hundred and fifty pas- fieldu, of battle ; and much creel it is due to him, not only a narrow escape. The gun on the forward promenade sengers and a number of cattle on board, twenty miles ffor0 the energy of his movements, but for the disinter- deck, which is used to give the passengers an idea of the off Holyhead. In about two hours, the ship went down, estednessC£ which induced him, notwithstanding his echo burst and -was blown to atoms. The majority of but all hands were saved. The steamer was struck in the officeof , to place himself second in command uuder Gongli. , , damage, the passengers, including General Eyre, were on the deck starboard forerigging, and received considerable Fory this conduct he was raised to the peerage. In 1852, half-past four, at the time, and their escape is surprising. She arrived in the Collingwood-dock at on01 the death of the Duke of Wellington, he was made p.m., with the crow and passengers on board. Cominander-in-Chief—q a post which lie resigned la^t Eeuchon TmuarPHiNG over Skct.—A troop of the Julj, y on account of the stroke which has now ended in paper) lately pas3ed Royal Artillery (says a local ^his de:itli. BOOKSELLERS' ADULTERATIONS. through Carlow, and we have been informed that a Al»kuman Huntkr.—This gentleman died on Mon- The Aihtnaum of last week contains the annexed number of those brave fellows, who have not long re- dayj night at his residence in Hyde Park-square, lie tetter and rejoinder:— turned from the Crimea, proceeded as soon as they were nhad for many years represented Coleinan-streot Ward, An eminent publisher, writing under the signature freed from their duty, though saturated with wet and andn was much esteemed. w A Lover of Consistency," sends us the following :—- fatigue after a long march , to the Mercy Convent, to Puofkssor Wkuceslaus Bo.jkr.—The last overland " Sept. 7. return thanks to the nuns wlio had been in the Crimea, mailn from the Mauritius brings intelligence of the death • " In last week's Leader appeared an excellent nrticlc for their kind attention to the sick and wounded. Whatr 0of Professor WenceslUus Bojer, a name well known for on ' Booksellers' Adulterations ;' one of many examples adds more weight to this touching scene of gratitude is, many„ years past to tlie botanists of Europe on account of given of a too frequent style of advertizing books in the that of the whole party only one was a Roman Catholic.¦ tthe maiiy and beau tiful specimens which ho was thefir.^t present day was, that on tho fly-leaf of other works, or Fire in Portsmouth ILarbour.—Some alarm was1 tot introduce to their notic?. in the advertisement of tho book itself, one constantly caused in Portsmouth harbour early last Saturday morn- Gkseual Sir Coli.i n Hai,kistt, G.C.B., Governor of p sees ' These books are tho happiest efforts of their ing by the ringing of the fire-bell and the report that her Chelsea( Hospital, expired on Wednesday morning, at authors.' It seems to me strange that, objecting to this Majesty's steam corvette Highflyer was on fife below.• thet asylum over which ho presided. Gout was the style of pufilng on tho part of tho proprietors of tho Tho report turned out true, l>ut no serious damage wasJ causec of his decease. He had served with great gal- nrticles to be sold, your contemporary should loud his done. It appears that one end of tho after sleeper of the3 lantryj in tho Peninsula, -where lie was severely lit fire and was charred through. This1 the assistance to spread it. On tho outside sheet of tho port boiler caug ^wounded, and ho was also at Waterloo. Ho was in same day's issue there is an advertisement of three or is supposed to have been caused by tho ashes not^ eic ghty-third year of his age. four works by popular writers, underneath which is tho being sufficiently extinguished when tho fires wereJ Majou-Gknekal Jamks Jones, K.H., another ol DuniiAM.-—Wo believe , it is far from obvious mercliant-shi of that ho ought to refuse thoir insertion in his columns. tho north coast of Scotland, on her passage homewardss we are correct in stating tliut a division of the See The advertizing sheet is a kind of common ground on from Liverpool. Tho captain and all tlio crew and pas-- London is contemplated, and thut this was the reason translation, which publishers display thoir wares. An editor cannot sengers have perished, with tho exception of two men.i. why the vacant bishopric was not filled by d ivided but undertake to examine tho genuineness of each article Tho vessel, whi«h was a largo brig, ran ashoro early onec The Seo of Durham will ala» be ultimately , advertized in his pages ; nor <:an he profitabl morning, and struck upon a rock on the const, noar thee at present it 13 thought more desirable to fill it by truns- y interfere add with the business department, oxcept wlieu somo violence village of Ham, Tho wind at the time was blowing a lation rather thnn by a new appointment. Wo may .» tho prin- j3done to public morals. In his own department ho may hurricane, and tlie soa was vory rough in consecjuoncc.:. that, except in the case of the archbishoprics, 922 THE XEABER, |No. 340, Saturday, y abandoned. shillings ; but now, the labour being lowered to Id. per might be adopted in France and England ciple of ' -translation' *<» been definitivel — ; " not so their foot, a capital in planing machines for the workman is method of eating with their fingers, though, after several BisHors.—Dr. Tait wiU bo entitled to a required -which often, amounts to 500?., and in some cases trials, I must admit it has some peculiar advantages ; their The STew more. This large outlay of capitalj invested in. ma- sauces being of a thinnish nature seat in the House of lords, in virtne of the Bishopric of , require to be absorbed ediately after his consecration; the occu- chinery to increase production, makes it impossible to with, a piece of bread in order to partake of them, London imm curtail the hours of working machinery as much as could which pant of tbe metropolitan see not being subject to the could not he performed equally -well by either knife or whioh excludes the junior bishop for the time being. be desired. In som« cases, two sets of workpeople have fork." What does tho Reform Club think of M. Soyer inle - Dr. Langiey, successor to the Bishopric of Ripon, will been employed in relays, each working eight hours eating with his fingers ? not be entitled to a seat as a spiritual peer uatil another a-day; and this system, perhaps, may in time be ex- [Registration of Voters in the City.—Mr. Thomas vacancy occurs, otherwise than In the sees of Canter- tended, although it is attended with certain inconve- Y. M'Christy, the barrister appointed to revise the lists of Imry, York , London, I>urham, and Winchester. niences. If, however, the relay system could be so im- voters for the City of London, commenced on Monday Christ's Hospitai,.— St. Maithew's-day falling this proved and organized as to allow more time for the his annual sittings at the Court of Common Pleas, Guild- year on a Sunday, the delivery of the orations by the better education of young operatives, none would more hall. Mr. Sidney Smith and Mr. Ledger appeared on senior scholars at Christ's Hospital, which takes place on. cordially rejoice than myself." The speaker advocated behalf of the Liberals, while the Conservative interest that anniversary according to. annual custom, was on. the removal of the tax from carriages, as an increase in was wholly unrepresented. The lists returned shoved this occasion deferred until Monday, when the Lord the use of vehicles -would lead .to a great saving.of time, that 1871 names which were upon the last register have ¦Mayor, accompanied by the Sheriffs, several Aldermen, and a large number of artizans would find employment been omitted (219 liverymen and 1652 householders"), with many of the leading governors of the different in making them. He also wished for the removal of the while 1879 new names have been added (181 livervmen Koyal Hospitals, Dr. Jacob, the head master, and the duty on timber.—Several papers haying been read, the and 1698 householders). There are 576 obj ections!! HI several other masters, proceeded to Christ's Church, meeting adjourned. being to the qualifications of liverymen and 465 to those Newgate-street, where the ceremony took place. The Wine-pkoimxcing Lands in Spain.—Dr. John of householders. The new claims are only G6 in number Conversion tN Hicm Life.—The Duchess Dowager Gorman is now travelling through Spain for the Times, 2 as liverymen and 64 as householders. of Argyll has been converted to Popery. in order to ascertain the state of the via.es, and how far Persia.—The Persian Government has dismissed ¦ Rematns of Sir John Franklin.-—Captain Penny, they have been affected by the disease. He gives a bad Colonel Alaterrazzi for refusing to renounce the protec- who has arrived at Aberdeen with the Lady Franklin, account of the state of the grapes in tile neighbourhood tioa of England. Says that during the time he was in Hogarth's Sound of Jerez de la Fronteira, from which lie writes on the Fall of a Chapel.—A new building in Bury New- pursuing;the winter ¦whale fishery, he was told by some 6th inst. road, Manchester, in the Gothic style of architecture, of the natives that they had been in company, during The Injured Jockeys.-—The jockeys who met with with a spire, erected as a chapel for the Independents, their excursions to the north, -with a muriber of Esqui- the accident in the race for the Goodwood Stakes are fell on Wednesday morning at . five o'clock, owing to maux, who had seen a long way off, in a north-westerly now out of all danger. some defects of construction. Fortunately no one was direction from Hogarth's Sound, a circular white tent A Crrx Nuisance.—Some five or six weeks ago, near at the time, and, as it was isolated from the sur- erected on the ice. They had taken from it at their first Superintendent Hodson, of the City police, complai ned rounding dwellings, no loss of life was consequent upon. •visit some bright metal; and on their second visit, some to the municipal authorities that so dreadful an odour the disaster. moons afterwards,.they had seen, two white men in the proceeded from a chimney at the City Gasworks, White- Jarrow Docks on the Tyne.—Mr. T. E. Harrison, tent. It was reported among tie natives that these and friars, that the health of the constables on duty was C.32.; on Tursday afternoon , laid the foundation stone others bad perished from hunger. So far as Captain seriously affected, and he Was obliged to change them to of one of the principal entrances to the Jarrow Docks on Penny can judge, it 13 thought that this must refer to other beats to enable them to recover from the poisonous the Tvne. the same party from whom Dr. Rae had the silver influence of the gas. On a particular evening, the smell Herts Agricultural Society.—The prizes annu- spoons, &c., which identified the white men with Sir was so powerful that it spread as far as the Old Bailey. ally- awarded by this society -were competed for on John Franklin and his party. The superintendent added that he understood the stench Wednesday, and the proceedings were wound up by tie . Mr. Bright has written to tne Banffshire Journal to arose fronl an attempt to destroy by fire the refuse of the customary annual dinner at the Corn Exchange, complain that oh the road between Ballater and Tomin- gasworks. The subject was referred to Dr. Leiheby, Hitchin. Sir E. B. Lytton, M.P., presided; and among toul there are no less than four bridges broken down, who, as the result of his inquiries, states that the proprie- those present were Mr. Dallas, the American Minister and that they have been in this state ever since 1850. tors of the works liave done all in their power to avoid (at present on a visit to the chairman), the Marquis of The Dufee of Richmond, it appears, is responsible for bad smells, but that they have not succeeded. He re- Salisbury, Sir W. Jolliffe , M.P., Mr. J. A. Smith, M.P., the condition of the roads in that locality ; and Mr, commends the removal of all such factories from the Mr. G. C. Hale (vice-chairman), &c. Tie chairman Bright very naturally calls upon him to do his duty. neighbourhood of London. After some discussion, it was proposed the health of Mr. Dallas in terms of the But he observes that " the Duke is so far omnipoten t at unanimously agreed to refer the matter to the General warmest eulogium, and that gentleman made a suitable Tomintoul that nobody is bold enough to say anything Purposes Committee, with instructions to take a legal reply. In a subsequent speech, Sir Edward Lytton ad- to him or his factor by way of complaint." opinion as to the power of the court to deal with the dressed himself to the consideration of agricultural mat- Fires.—A tremendous conflagration broke out towards works as a public and injurious nuisance. te-rs, and denied that English fanners, as a body, are the latter end of last week at Howfield Farm, about two The Agapemoke.—A public meeting, numerously opposed to agricultural statistics. miles from Canterbury. A large amount of corn was attended , has been held in the Assize-liall, Bridgewater, The Berkeley TEs-raioNiAr;.—The presentation of destroyed, but the energetic measures of the firemen to hear an address from the "Rev. D. W. PennelL in re- the testimonial to the Hon. F. H. F. Berkeley, M.P. for prevented the flames from spreading, as it was at one ference to the Princeites. The speaker severely con- Bristol, in recognition of his services in procuring the time feared they would. A melancholy case of sudden demned " Brother Prince's" pri nciples. Though a mar- repeal of Mr. Wilson Patten's Sunday Beer Bill, took death arose out of this catastrophe. A labourer and his ried man, he had openl y avowed adultery, and had place on Wednesday afternoon in the debating hall of son wen.t to assist : in the meanwhile, the wife of the quoted St. Paul as his authorityw In four years no less the Athenaeum, Corn-street, Bristol. The testimonial older man became alarmed at the fierceness of the confla- than fourteen of the inmates, of the Agapemone had consists of a silver salver weighing one hundred and tiro gration, fainted , and expired in about half an hour effected their escape. The meeting unanimously passed ounces, an oak casket enriched with gems, and a puisa through sheer fri ght. When the two men returned, they a resolution condemnatory of the institution, and in of sovereigns, amounting altogether in value to 1012?. found her dead.—Some large premises belonging to favour of its being placed under the supervision of a Narrow Escape. — Mr. Alderman Richard Cardwell brush manufacturers and bristle merchants in Upper properly constituted authority. Gardener and a party of friends liave been almost lost in. Thames-street, City, were burnt down on the night of Ciceruacchio.—The Austrian Gazette of Vienna has attempting to cross the sands at Morecambe Bay. Tbe Friday week. Several of the adjoining premises, in- made the following discovery :— " Ciceruacchio is not tide was unusually high, and the horse, which was draw- cluding the well-known Old Shades Tavern, close to dead ; he is at Constantinople, and is in a very brilliant ing a light vehicle, fell into a deep pit of water, and London Bridge, were greatly damaged, and the fire was situation. Some of his countrymen and one of his do- overturned the excursionists. The traces wore ultimately not extinguished till a late hour.—A saw-mill in Wel- mestics have brought this news to Toulon. During the cut, the horse drawn out, and tlie party waded the rest lington-street, Leeds, has been destroyed by fire, and war in the Crimea, he was engaged in the wine trade in of their way through the surf, to their no small peril. property to the amount of 2000/. is sacrificed. The Balaldava, and after wards at Sebastopol, and he gained But all got safely home. firm is uninsured. a great deal of money. His ..wife resides at Rome, and A Tory Joke.—The Leamington Mercury has the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.—This in- hopes soon to see Lim." It would be unwise, we fear, to following :— " Sir,—Don't you think Mr. Wyndham, stitution met on "Wednesday week at Glasgow, in the place much dependence on this st«toment. hoaxer of tho Birmingham people, must be a contributor Architects' Exhibition Halls. The attendance was Mrs. Harriet Beeoher Stoave is now travelling in to the Lender newspaper ? That he is a literary miui, numerous, and included several persons of scientific re- Scotland. his letters prove ; that he is a Radical, his conduct ge- putation. The Chairman, in. the courso of his opening Mr. Frost and his Antecedents.—A mooting was nerally. And I cut the following suspicious extract from address, alluded to the increased powers of production, held at the Temperance Hall, Broadway, Westminster, tlie Leader of July the 5th ; it has reference to the Kiruj and the consequent greater cheapness effected by me- on Tuesda y night, for the purpose of enabling M>. John of Oude, then expected in England :—l A gentleman in ¦chanism. He observed :— " In 1824, a gentlema n with Frost to rebut the charges under -which he has lain for our own office , however, appears to take the most prac- whom I am acquainted sold on one occasion 100,000 the last seventeen years. Mr. Nash took tho chair, and , tical view of tho subject. He says, that if tho King will pieces of 74-reed printing clotb. at 30s. Gon salary, partly upon the B-CLaiirM is awakened to a sense of the grand groat access of freedom and education for the little gaius which tliey can screw out of each truth that commerce can be most successfully generation now rising to maturity. That other, and par tly upon charity. prosecuted when it is conducted in a state of generation enjoys much better wages, and Here tlie Times "bursts in with its indigna- perfect freedom. The Belgian Customs Re- agriculture is much more productive. Ire- tion. In vindication of the poor curate it f orm Association has been created solely to land is richer, is tranquil. Bets itself to paint a picture of ' educated pteaent this idea to the Belgian people, who The King of Piedmont lately endowed his misery : are read '— y to receive it, and who reply through whole kingdom with a share of freedom about Ono correspondent lately instanced a list of thirty their provincial towns that the idea ia excel- equal to that whicli we enjoy in England. advertisements from clergymen in search of curates. Out lent, and ought to be carried out. The Belgian Piedmont becomes a contrast to the whole of of this number ono only offered 100/. a year, one 90/., government patronizes ono or two 80/., and the rest rapidly fell from 70?. down the Association, and Italy. Its people ar e contented , its towns are to 26/., being desires its success. Yet Belgium still labours improving, while those of other with a small furnished house, tho recto* under the remaiBB States are de- non-rosidont. Ono incumbent offered 50/. n year, with of pi'otectiveof duties, local clining. Its highways are safe, while Rome the use of tlio rectory-house, tho curate to buy the fur- bB ctiona many icinds. is torn by bri gandage. Its King can scarcel nituro at a "valuation of 860/. Another offoreu 70/. in a ft'fflSo difficul if 1S—V? y t it to shake^ off the. lumber of old aliow him self without a popular welcome parish of noarly G000, where thera was daily service. potions and cuetoms , Somo appealed to wealthy clergyman for gratuitous as- , even when an entire wliile King FEBi)iEfA.isr» must be hedged i nation, its Government n sistance. Seven offered 50/. a year, or tho pay of a and people are ful ly lest he bo shot. Its revenue is rising with schoolmaster. Septemb er 27, 1856.] THE LEADER. 925 "With this unhappy being, the curate, the CChurch and the sects together do not pro- appointinga officers who are fitter to be led -was laced in. fiendish contrast. v:vide room for two-thirds ; yet the actual at- tthan to lead . Still more when it sets itself incumbent p i] Every gentleman kncms the position (said the Times) t is no lack of voluntary contributions towardsi be denied that some workhouses are better their cloth. Here political economy preaches3 this kind of preaching ; they are collectedI governed than others. There are the clean • tlie same doctrine with the Roman Catholicc for Spubgeon at the doors of Exeter Hall, and the dirty, the systematic and the slovenly, Church, and would establish a celibate clergy. \ in sums enough to supply a stimulus greaterr the healthy and the pestiferous ; the harshly The other economists set off the great prizess than alcohol for this vehement orator. Butb and the lrindly controlled. There are matrons of the Church against its deplorable blanks}, how can the incumbent or the curate, dragged1 of motherly virtue and matrons as odious a a and seem to think that it is good fun too down by a deficiency of 10Z. in the annualI stupidity in a stnte of chronic intoxication gamble in. the chances of Church prefermenti.. pittance, rise to sublimities like these ? Itt can be. You may find the master to be of In all these comments, in all these advocacies(S is an unequal competition. The confessionn an amiable, conscientious character, or he and complaints, we have not yet departedd that the Establishment has no resources butt may be a privileged ruffian, a small woman- from the strict limits of the Establishedd the plate, is a confession that the days of thee ftogger. Church'; we are but repeating the state-s- Establishment are numbered—that is, as ana Mrs. Jameson affirms that she has seen in ments, arguments, and comments of church-i- Establishment. workhouses things she could hardly speak of. men. The voluntary system could never Biicceedd But setting aside their worst aspects, her gar of human But despondency can go 3ret further. Ourir for the support of ministers whose mhristra-- complaint is that the mosb vul weekly contemporary appeals to the statistics:s tions have been arranged according to thee beings are employed to manage the most . of Mr. Hoka.ce Mann, and draws from themxx ideas of James the Fiiist's day. Tlie veryy ignorant, .paupers to govern paupers, tl»o the most painful of all conclusions. Tlieie call for a revision of the Bible—a call sup-i- nged and infirm to attend upon those more Spectator quotes from Mr. Mann' s book thele ported by the whole force of better intelli-l- infirm and aged still. The chari ty of the proportions of attendance at divine service onm gence in these days—shows that while wee law is worked by a, hard and coarse mn- Sunday. Fifty-eight per cent, of the wholele must revere the spirit of the men who trans-i- chinery. The tax which supports it is " paid population of the manufacturing districts of lated tho Eiblo, we must inevitably reviseo so reluctantly, with so little sympathy in ita ' "Yorkshire and Lancashire could attend ser-r- their imperfect manner of doing their workc., purpose, that the wretched paupers seem to vice : the number would be 937,000. Theie But if we must revise tho verbal constructionn be regarded as a sort of parisli locusts, sent , Church of England provides 238,000 sittingss;; of that volume, does it not follow that wee to devour tho substance of the rate-payers the number of sittings provided by the Churchjh must revise the whole construction of theie as the natural enemies of those who are and the sects together is 573,000. Thelie machinery for tho exposition of tho religionn taxed for their subsistence — almost as number of attendants at church is 122,0000 ; that the volume teaches ? This is exactly criminals." Mrs. Jamebon is not ex- at all places of worship, 348,000. In thelie what the country has been doing, by means»s aggerating. Lot us ask any one familiar multitude sets great manufacturing towns, therefore, thelie of ' Dissent.* "But when the j * The Communion of Labour : a Second Locturo on Church provides a quarter of the accommo-o- itself to administer any affairs of an elevated5<* tho Social Employments of Women. By Mrs. Jaroouon. dation requirod "by tho population ; thelie character, it inevitably falls into tho error of°i Longman and Co. 926 THE LEADER, (TNfo . 340, Saturday wifch vestry business, and with the relations far from conclusive. We think she will win When he firs t visited New Zealand it was usually subsisting between the pauper and the faith of the reader -who studies her pro- a picturesque wilderness, inhabited the rate-payer—does not the latter avenge posal in connexion with by sa- her illustrations. vages and escaped convicts. " Now, the himself sufficie ntly for having to pay the Certain it is, that the evil which exists is nlace has arrived at so high a state and is no he former well of per- rates, t t punished serious and disgraceful. Certain it is, also, fection, that it is really marvellous to for receiving them ? If there is to be a ha he o er look t t t p w of women has, been exercised upon." Allowing for the purple light of the reform, we think the spirit of the parochial most beneficially in many capacities similar BZippoerene, that only blushes electors must come under its operation. Next for itself and to that which she invites them to fill. The not for wliat it hears, the statement is accu- to the rate-payers are the guardians, the police prison, of Neadorf, containing two hundred rate enough. Sib G-eobge Grey of poverty and next to these did not ^ , the masters inmates, some of them, the worst convicts, exaggerate when he said that in no part of and matrons—sometimes a retired constable transported in chains fromYienna, is governed the world are life and and his wife property more secure , or the keeper of a beer-shop, or by women, twelve in number, assisted by than in New Zealand. "It has been my a promoted porter, excellent persons often , three chaplains, a surgeon, and a physician ; happiness/' Mr. Smith continued but not , " when qualified for the moral government these gentlemen, however, only paying a present as a grand juror in Wellington, to of a large number vmvs j .^ w*ivi*M. f JJ. of men and woinen. Asso- daily visit, not sleeping within the walls. w^v .m- m. \*a\ *XXV UJ.J. C? I UU ciated with them ' tfo Liir CC are schoolmasters and chap- This is a matter which ought, at least, to times with a pair of white gloves." The lains, in general totally inefficacious , says be discussed. Probably, less notice is be- natives have been advanced a Mrs. JjorESorNV considerable stowed on the pauper population than on degree of civilization. They read and write, .." In a great and well-ordered workhouse, any other claBS. To the well-fed world they almost to- a man,-—as though John PAKiifG- under conscientious management," she in- are very uninteresting persons—far less in- ton, John Rttssbi/l, and W. J. Eox had spected sixteen wards, each with from fifteen teresting than criminals. Let us thank Mrs. carried their Bills at the Antipodes years to twenty-five inmates—sick, aged, bed- Jameson, then, for her book, -which is ago. Many of them are large landed pro- ridden, idle, or helpless—and each superin- womanly and free from cant, and very ener- prietors—proprietors of land which they tended by a nurse and a 'helper,' nominally getic and impressive. have actually repurchased selected, from those* Euro- from the least immoral and drunken peans to whom, in the first instance, they of the_ female paupers. The nurses were h ad often sold it at farcical prices. They from sixty-five to eighty years of age, while are also large proprietors of stock. Every their assistants were usually younger. In THE NEW COMMERCE OF LIVERPOOL. word of the following¦ is of historical in- another workhouse ten bedridden old Theru were great festivities last week at the terest :—• women were nursed by a feeble pauper of second seaport of \En gland. Baikes and seventy, with an assistant nearly blind. In Company had founded a new commerce- The finest breed of horses in tie colony belongs to no her the natives ; and I may mention an instance in -which a t , eight paralytic patients were nursed built the good ship Oliver Lang, and invited the successful owner—a Liverpool merchant, Mr. Hick- by a woman almost as decrepid, and a girl three hundred gentlemen to rejoice over the son, I mention his name, as he probably -will be known with one hand. . In a third the nurse had a prospects of her firs t voyage, on board the to some of you here-^rof a very celebrated horse which, wooden leg. Sometimes, when a female Great Tasmania. The circumstance which at .the races, carried everything before him, was tendered, pauper is by the natives, to fry own knowledge, a l)ag of five particularly infirm , she is appointed gave character- and importance to the pro- hundred soverei as nurse, that she may be privileged to receive ceedings was this :-—Liverpool was about to gns, to improve their stock. a little tea and beer. It may be imagined what trade directly, for the first time, with New Surely, this is very important, and goes far sort of attention the miserable invalids re- Zealand, Sir Robebt Peel's " Great Britain to establish the superiority long claimed for ceive. Now, as in 1854 there -were more of the Southern. Seas." Liverpool proposes to tlie New Zealand nation. than fifty thousand inmates of the London take •wool, hides, copper ore, and other raw New Zealand, according to this practical workhouses (exclusive of Maryleb one) under materials, from New Zealand, and to supply exponent of her position, is in want of labour, medical treatment, we conceive that they New .Zealand vuth British manufactures. Also, and in no want of gold. So great are the in- form a class sufficientl y important to possess to encourage emigration to those islands, so ducements to the settler, that even from the a claim on the public sympathy. "W"e sh ould healthy, so rieli, and yet, comparatively, so ne- auriferous fields of Australia a large tide of be glad, to learn how Beventy paid, and five glected. For a long time London has chiefly emigration has set to the port of Wellington. hundred unpaidpauper nurses, can perform for monopolized "this branch of commerce, but In February and March last, not fewer than these poor creatures the commonest offices of her junior and rival, of " the Place of the two thousand persons took their passages humanity. Frequently the nurse is put to bed Pool'' has determined to start in competition, from Yictoria for New Zealand. And why intoxicated, in the ward in which she is ex- and -with that object the Messrs. Bainies are not ? The climate is perfect,.the harbours, pected to exercise a salutary authority. In building a N~ew Zealand fleet. First in the are fine, there are abundant mineral re- one workhouse the patients could get no help, line is the Oliver Lang, which has been com- sources, the soil is excellent, the. pastures are whatever except by bribery ; little pit- pelled to leave a hundred and fifty tons of ljoundless ; the natives have been conciliated 3 tances of tea and sugar left by friends were cargo, to follow in the Indian Queen . The and no longer harass the cultivated borders. consumed, in this manner, by the nurse. experiment, therefore, which was a failure If labour could te obtained where employ- " Those who would not pay this tax -were a year ago, now promises to be successful . ment is oifered, no British possessions would neglecfced , and implored in vain to be turned The Oliver Lang .floated into the river with have better prospects than those youug co- in their beds." The matron ib aware that eight hundred tons of cargo, and three hun- lonies. Such is the path opened from Liver- these evils exist, but has no power to remedy dred emigrants. This, says the Northern pool by the first voyage of the Oliver Lang. them. We know what description of persons Times, is the largest number of passengers " I expect," said Mr. Smith, in conclusion , sink, from time to time, into this ' last home of ever conveyed to that colony in a single ship. with more than G-recian eloquence, " that, the poor,' and wo shall not be much perplexed In the midst of so much that is depressing after a splendid voyage of six months, this to understand why a proud and angry nature in the condition of the Old "World, it is a re- noble vessel will be seen again gliding upon chooses suicide, to escape the multiplied de- lief to turn, in the JN"ew World, even to half- the Mersey, with four thousand bales of our gradations of the pauper's ward. "Why should inhabited islands, where someprogress is made, New Zealand -wool !" oakum picking, for example, be continued as and where some populations change from Persons afraid to emigrate, afraid of the a workhouse employment ? In prisons it is worse to botfcer. Mr. Smith, of Wellington, dull novelties of colonial life, may take down allotted as a form of punishment. In the therefore, is a welcome herald. His health the evidence of Mr. GK Train, ' an American- •workiiouse it is allotted upon the plea that was proposed by Mr. T. M, Maokat, the Australian,' wham we may credit, wo fancy, to establish other branches of industry would chairman, who displayed all the facility of a with the authorship of two recent volumes. produce a competition injurious to the inde- barrel organ in varying the notes of his ora- No place in the world satisfies Mr. Tkain so pendent trades. We had thought thab tory—-now oxtolling the Queen, now denying well as Melbourne. He once started on a fallacjr¦ to be exploded. Joseph II. acted the right of kings to govern wrong, now voyage of comparative observation, saw Java, upon it in his regulations for the Maison de sprinkling with frothy praise the purple oi Singapore, Calcutta, a thousand miles of tho Force at Ghent. All work was discontinued the Empire, now lavishing his love on Pied- Indian coast, went back to Melbourne, ana that seemed to compete with the manufac- mont, and then apologizing for Prince Air found there was no place like it. Then ho turers. The result, as described in Hep- BEB.T. However, lew men are responsible ' got at' Aden, Alexandria, Cairo, Joppa, was •wo^aputon¦was ' a Biography of John Howard, for the language uttered in connexion with Jerusalem, and Jericho, but Melbourne bo demoralize the inmates, and to protect formal toasts. They must utter words, and still uppermost in his fancy. Next, through the uitereste of no one. * where sense is impossible, the alternative is Syria and Palestine, to Cyprus, Latakia, Bey- We have said that Mra. Jameson has a 4is- obvious. Mr. Maokat, relieved afc length rout, Acre, Tripoli, Marseilles, Constantinople, 086 *a to the SS « J ° l^ - » effect from the burden of incoherent platitude, with tho same result. Lastly, to Kamicsch l T ' claimed the honours for " Mr. Smith, of and tho Crimea, and through the Continent ; LYrZ, Wellington," seventeen years a New Zealand but his Kebloh was Btill in Australia. So ^StSj Jjf. "Biatanta^. ^Her ^evidence in colonist. Mr. Smith:, in his reply, Baid what that colonial life is not altogether mono- lavour of thia scheme is abundant, and not wo wish to xepeat. tonous or uncouth. September 27, 1586.] THE LEADEB, 927 KISSING HANDS. Neither an animal nor a born adiot possesses than Evian. I beg his pardon. There is a difference in the result of our inquiries, which may arise from kissed (or was a thumb ; for that winch seems a thumb in The Mayor of Southampton the monkey, is only a talon ; children begin the circumstance that one of us is imperfectly ac- supposed to kiss) the hand of the Queen of quainted with the language in which they must be been malicious hints that to use their thumbs and their intellects at the made. Amphibia is no t Evian, any more than Savoy Oude. There have same time ; the horrors of epilepsy begin, is Piedmont. the feature thus saluted, belonged to a Yahoo I translate from a guide-book, published in 1855, Malabar, in the retinue of h-er throneless with a contraction of the thumb. Galileo, of Descabtes j STewton" Liebnitz, Fotjbieb, at Chambery, hy M. Gabriel Morfcillet:— Majesty. The Mayor had not studied under , , " Amphion (one hour and five minutes from The- M. *D'AitPE]sra?raNY, and was, consequently, St. Simon, had large thumbs. The statue of non). On. leaving Thenon, the traveller proceeds unable to satisf y himself whether the band Voxtaibe shows that his thumbs were enor- towards the Dranse, crosses on a bridge of twenty contained the real cold blood of an Oriental mous. The people of Corsica and Britanny, arches. . . . . He then arrives at Amphion, the cold fierce resolute, powerful ferruginous waters of which, after having enjoyed a queen, or was no more than the extremity of , , are all Voetaikes great reputation towards the end of tlie last century, a slave. But others may profit by the new in this respect ; yet hands that are delicately had fallen into complete neglect. They have now developed and soft deserve the residuary re- been revived in a brilliant manner. The source arises science, Chirognomy, the successor of Chiro- from the ground near the mancy . To electors, civil service examiners, spect of the reader' s .mind. If a large hard lake, under a shed. Near hand modelled the sculptures of Michael at hand is an elegant Casino, which attracts numerous suitors of all kinds, masters in want of ser- visitors, and from the terrace of which an admirable Tant s, parents doubtful as to the capacities of Aetgkelo, hands soft and smooth modelled view may be obtained of the Canton de Vaud and their sons, parties in the House of Commons: those of Peadieb and Canota. The Greeks, the lake, along the borders of which the traveller who had large hands, constructed only petty proceeds to suspicious of their leaders, this art is recom- Evian (distant forty-five mended. It is the floAv of M. d'Abpen'tig- states, and erected medioci*e monuments, " minutes). &c." while the Pyramids were built b It may be that the Daily News relies for informa- irr's soul, M. :d'Abpe^tignt not hesitating y the small- tion on old gentlemen who have not been lucid since to pass beyond the "bounds of ehironiantic handed Egyptians. the beginning of this century, when the waters of divination practised by philosophers in all ages At the next general election, since pledges Amphion had indeed been forgotten. I try to learn are not to be given, and promises not to be from younger sources. from Plato to Mademoiselle Lenorm-Otd. The animus of all this petty carping tending to lingers, iadeed, are indices, in a new sense. trusted, let us follow M. D'Arpentigite's diminish the authority of more important allegations Supple and elastic fingers, that bend easily advice and cry " Show us your hands !" But is obvious enough. I have told the truth about backwards, are proofs of sagacity, of readi- we might simplify the test, and not insist Piedmont, without caring whether it would please ness, of an inquiring disposition, such as upon the hands of the candidates being large this party at home, or that coterie in Turin; and I or small, so that they be clean ! have told it in a language so measured, and with Excise officers should possess. Pingers ill- such careful criticism of facts, thai, although most arranged arid irregular,.belong to hair-brained English reviewers have been ready to contradict me THE CHOLERA AT MADEIBA. in general terms—because my etatements do not babblers, men without power or spirit, but Tbte accounts we read, of the plague at Athens, at capable of lampooning. Thick lor nce agree with their unfounded prejudices—yet no one hands with F e , and at London, seem to have been has ventured to point out any flaws, save one or two flesh y fingers, indicate avarice ; short and thick almost paralleled by -the narratives recently pub- misprints, and this important geographical delin- fingers, cruelty ; nevertheless, beware of fingers lished of the cholera at Madeira- From the middle quency of the invention of Amphion ! long and delicate, for these belong to kid- of- July to the end of August, a pestilence of a I have just received a letter from Piedmont con- nappers, sharpers, and diplomatists ! Notice, most appalling kind raged in that beautiful island taining some words which. I copy without hesitation, also, that men who keep their thumbs which has rescued from death many who have because they bestow the praise which I wrote to habi- sought its shores when far gone in consumption ; earn. After alluding to some statements which, tually hidden under their fingers, are of a from his point of view," he would not have pub- :¦' thousands died with a suddenness that baffl ed all " sordid disposition. . attempts at rescue ; the medical men speedily fell lished, the writer continues:—" But after all, truth M. D ?AitPENTiGNY lias critics, but they are beneath the poison which will always be a great and respectable thing. The '' hung in the sick air ;" English press, moreover, has hitherto treated us like lenient. Chirognomy, they admit, is a less the island -was left without succour and with a children who are put to sleep by bonbons and caresses. ostentatious ' science than Physiognomy, or very insuffi cient supply of drugs ; and a panic en- You havo treated us as men. I thank you." Phrenology•¦; it would by no means have sa- sued, which induced all those to fly- who had I feel persuaded that I shall have done better ser- tisfied G-Aiii or Lava-ter. Tefc the hand, as strength to move, or -who were not induced to vice to the cause of liberty in Italy by laying bare remain by feelings of humanity. In three weeks, the obstacles that have to be overcome, and by fore- the instrument; of out intelligence, is a very there were 5000 emphatic feature ; the hand of a eases and 1500 deaths in a popu- stalling, as it were, the fatal surprise which always poet could lation of 100,000, and 116 deaths in one day in seizes the public in revolutionary times, when the not possibly resemble that of a metaphysician, Funchal alone, a town of 16,000, where the sum personages it has been be-paragraphed into favouring or that of a dreamer the hand of an experi- total is calculated to Lave been eight times as suddenly disappear to make way for new, and there- mentalist. It depends upon the palm of our many as the deaths from c fore hateful, faces—it is doing better service, I say, y holera in London in to perform this preliminary work, than to go on con- hand whether you love like Don Juan, and 1849. Persons attacked generally dropped down and ex ired instantl structing nauseous sentences of general encourage- eat like Brilla.t-Sa.taiun, or whether you p y. - Business came to a com- ment, or to stain the English public with praises of love like Louis XV., and cat like Garga.:nttta. plete stop ; and the consequence is now being felt the aristocratic inabilities or dishonesties who are So in an absolute want of provisions. A large amount now engaged in a foolish conspiracy to take ad- , according to the JVational, your knuckles of drugs hiis alread "been decide whether you w ill be a Blave of fancy, y sent out from England 5 vantage of the movement which has begun against but, now that the disease is over, subscriptions their will, and which wants neither their praise nor of seutimenb, of speculation ; whether you for the purchase of food are more wanted. A their assistance. •will be a synthetical or an analytical man, a list has therefore been opened by the Rev. Mr. The virtuous and intelligent Daniel Manin is en- reaaonor, or a writer of verse ; at all events, D'Orsay, one of. the chaplains at Funchal, from deavouring to act on public opinion, in Italy from if you have smooth knuckles, you will go to wliom we derive the foregoing particulars, and Paris. Why is he not in Turin ? Because in Turin wlio thus indicates he would be called a passimo suggetto, and would be the hospital. As to the ends of the fingers, another cause of distress :— hurled into a corner by men who pretend to a mono- they may " Tho landed proprietors aro almost entirely ruined he spatular, square, or conical. by the failure of the poly of Italian patriotism, because they have valu- KrsmoD, CnitisTOPiiiut vines since 1851 ; and the English able estates and worthless titles. Columbus, and Ca- merchants, formerly wealthy and always generous, are sanova had smooth fingera with spatular unable to do the of I am, Sir, your obedient servant, , what they wish, frorr^ cessation the Bavle St. John. ends ; Vatjcanson's and Jacqxtabd's lingers, wine trade, caused by & popular error in England, that, though spatular becauso the crops have failed, the wine is not to be had. , were rough, as were those " ADULTERATIONS. of Vauban, Carnot, Cohorn" and Aeago Subscriptions will be received by Messrs. BOOKSELLERS' , ; Prescott and Co. ; Messrs. {To the Editor of the Leader.') the capacities for all sciences, mechanics, sta- Ransom and Co. ; and American Charles Phelps, Esq., Montague-place, Russell- Sir,—You state, in a paragraph headed " tistics, dynamics, navigation, civil, military, square. Bookselling Adulteration," that

ON THE VARIATION" OF SPECIES. NAPOLEON IN RUSSIA. " On the Variation of Species with esiieciul reference to Tnsectu ; followed by an Inquiry Histoire da Coiisulat et de VUmpire. By Thiers. D. Nutt. into .the Nature of Genera, By T. Vernon Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Second Notice. Tan Voorst. Narrators addicted to the marvellous, have fixed tlie passage of the It is popularly supposed that the Scholastic Philosophy has long vanished Nicmcn as the date of an ominous storm that threw a cloud across the path from Europe, and that, in scientific inquiries at least, we treat all metaphy- of Napoleon. M. Thiers, analyzing the chronology of the. expedition, linds sical methods with contempt. That popular supposition is an error-. no such portent heralding the disasters of the army, which was cheered for Formally, Scholasticism may be dead, but practicably it still exists, still several days by the glow of the Lithuanian summer. The forests of Poland flourishes amongst us. The Reformation destroyed the supremacy of the wero brightening under "the June sun. It was not until the close of the Papal Church in England ; but very many of the papal principles subsist month that the remarkable change occurred which seemed to transport the to tliis day ; and in a similar manner modern philosophy has destroyed invaders into a climate of rain and shadow. On the 28th, the sky was Scholasticism, but cherishes scholastic princi ; the roads lt ples. It is not enough to have suddenly overcast ; the entire country was swept by a ftexce wind got rid of Substantial Forms" while we retain the methods out of which were broken up by torrents : the atmosphere became chilly and damp, and they arose. for three days tine soldiers marched and bivouacked in tlie midst of swamps. The render has doub tless often assisted at the numerous debates raised on They were attacked by sickness ; thousands of their hoises died ; and, even the questions of Sppcies, Varieties, and Genera. Many discussions of great at this early stage, vast trai l ns of waggons were left in the rear of the army. moment have turned upon the definition of a species-. Here is one eminent To rifle these of their contents, us well as to pillage the chateaux of tlio school maintaining the " fixity oi species," and here another maintaining Lithuanian nobility, not fewer than from twenty-five to thirty thousand men the *' mutability of species ;" one brings forward proofs that the species escaped the ranks, and spread themselves over the country. Nearly eight have never altered during thousands nnd thousands of years ; the other thousand horses and thirty thousand men were lost in four days, Ifapoleon, bri n gs forward proofs that species are daily altering before our eyes. All however, was not disquieted. He hud calculated upon great obstacles, and this while \\\e. thing species has no existence, it cannot be fixed, it cannot had made great preparations, lie had never hoped to subdue Russia vary, for it never was more than a figment of the human brain. Nature without a prodigious sacrifice of human life and of treasures. Wha.t troubled knows not species ; only scholastic philosophy knows it; when men use the him chiefly was the dif acuity of keeping his vast forced together, the line of term with philosophic accuracy they use it as they use the term whiteness, troops, artillery, and convoys extending across whole district.-*, and requiring or the term strength , or tho term beauty—namely, ns a particular mark periodical halts to preserve it unbroken. . From time to time, some incident whereby to denote certain qualities in the object, not as a particular object of victory satisfied him w ith the hard conditions of his enterprize, and when itself. the sixty thousand soldiers of Bagration were repulsed by the twenty-eight In Nature individuals exist, but no species. When these individunls thousand of Duvoust, Bonaparte rose, in imagination, above all tlie perils of closely resemble each other we class them as belonging to the ssimc category, his undertaking, and dreamed of winning o«u battle after another, until the wo say they arc of the same species; -when they differ on certain minute Russian Empire should sue for peace. The councils of tho Russians were points we call them varieties; when they diner, still more widely, wo no divided. Some were for meeting the invader directly in. tho field ; others longer consider them of the same species , but say they belong to the same for luring him on by a false retreat ; others for hoveringj like Tartars upon genus ; when the diil'erenco is still greater, we say tliey belong- to the same his line of march ; and their dissensions continued until tho Cssar, finding j amity ; when etill greater to the same order ; and finally to the same class. himself a supernumerary in his own camp, conferred full power on l)o Tolly| 930 THE IiE ADEB, [No. 340, Saturd ay, ¦who resorted to a plan partly offensive, and partly defensive, to obstruct of the several divisions ; pretended that Platoff /himself had quarrelled Tall with r7 and destroy tlie enemy. His manoeuvres, -which cost the French the4oss of y; extolled the services of the Cossacks, without whom, he declared , the Rush! many men, cost the Russian army more, so that when Napoleon pursued would have heeii already conquered, and assured his companions that within -Tr him from Witebofc, the advantage lay, clearly, with the invader. But days, there would he a great battle. If this battle, he said, were fough t within th &uring the advance to Borodino a dramatic incident occurred, which M. and costly books have been purchased, in -whatever language, that seemed to x™erB &»cribos upon the personal authority of M. Lelorgne d'Ideville him- promise any aid to tho translators, and every conceivable care hns boon taken. «elL Some of the to secure the complete collation of the ancient light cavalry havinghim taken a Cossack prisoner, brought Codices. 00 ordere We have before us three versions of the Book of Job from the fourteenth, -T ->t.^P ^. ' ^^ d to bo mounted, and rode by his , Bide with M. d'Meville. his interpreter :- to tho twenty-ninth chapters—the Hebrew Text, tho Authorized, and the I c°8^xllc', enorM»» of the company in which ho was travelling—for tho sim- Proposed Vcrsioiu Leaving the Hebrew to the reference of tho critical plicitywr-t* of Napoleon *aa little calculated reader, we may point attention to a "¦ presence or a to suggest to an Oriental imngination tho few of the revisions" of the American nronarcfc-^nvwBeA ^»itU th* utmost familiarity on matters connected Union. Some of these are remarkable of *Wi tho waff. He repeated all , as substitutions of one form that vw» eaid in the Russian army about tho movements expression for another, others aa positive alterations of the meaning. I» September 27, 1856.] THE LEADER. 93 1 the first example, the intention of the new, as of the original translator, verted Indian even noAV clothes in mysterious garb the terrestrial phenomena seems vague :—• . he beholds but cannot understand. Are the consolations. of God small with Are the consolations.of God too little Birds and quadrupeds must be made to talk. "VVeeng is the spirit of somnolency thee ? is there any secret thing -with for thee ; in the lodge stories. He is provided with a class of little invisible emissaries, who ascend the forehead, armed with tiny war clubs, -with thee? ¦ and the word that gently deals with which they strike the temples, ¦ . • :: . . thee ? producing sleep. Panguk is the personification of death. He is aimed with a bow In the next, there is a palpable discrepancy between the two versions. and arrows to execute his mortal functions. Hosts of a small fairy-like creation, called Ininees, little men, or Puk wudj Ininees , vanishing little men The leading idea, in fact, is clianged:— , iaiabit cliffs and picturesque and romantic scenes. Another class of marine or water spirits, called The wicked man travaileth with pain All the days of the wicked man, he is Nebunabaigs, occupy the rivers and lakes. There is an articulate voice in all the all his days , and the number of years is in pain, , varied sounds of the forest—the groaning of its branches and the whispering of its hidden to the oppressor. and the number of years that are laid up leaves. Local Manitos, or fetishes, inhabit every grove ; and hence he is never alone. for the oppressor. " ¦ It may be said that all this evinces imagination ; it is, at least, a prurient For " He -wandereth abroad for bread, saying where is it ?• ' The new trans- one. And yet this imagination, such as it is, alone distinguishes Bavage lator proposes " He wanders about for bread ; where is it ?" " Saying " is tribes from the mere animal creation in the midst of which they exist. In- an obvious interpolation , the question being whether it was omitted by mere stinct might almost suffice to teach them to hunt and fish , and the kindlino" ell ipsis, or whether the altered sense suggested by the revised form is the of fire was probably such an imitation of an accident as a monkey might be right one. The following is one of a large class of corrections :— capable of. The reflection is little flattering to human reason. However, Let not him that is deceived trust in Let .him not trust in evil ;, lie - is - de- our present task is not to moralize, but to notice the salient points in Mr. vanity : for vanity shall be his recom- ceived, Schoolcraft 's key to the Indian legends illustrated in Hiaicatha -, pense. ' for evil shall be his reward. In the first place, then, the Introduction is altogether too ambitious, too " Vanity " in the old version is " evil " in the new. In the same manner full of big-sounding words and phrases. The same blemish disfigures many " hell" and " the grave" are rendered indifferently " the under-world," and of the simple tales, the principal charm of which might have laid in the art- for " the hypoerites" we read " the impure" :— lessness of their delivery. Thus, we read that Hiawatha's grandmother was For the congregation of hypocrites For the household of the impure is deso- very careful in instructing her daughter from early infancy u to beware sliall be desolate. . late. of the west wind, and never, in stooping, to expose herself to its influence. In some unguarded moment this precaution was neglected. In Some of the more remarkable revisions of the text may be quoted suc- 1 an instant, cessively:— the gale accomplished its Tarquin ic purpose? * Nor is it pleasing to English Shall vain words have an end ? Is there any end to words of wind ? ears to be told that su ch an animal " dove under the water," or that " the They shall go down to the bars of the _ It will go down to the bars of the under- flesh had bursted out under their finger nails," or even that the word "luxu- pit, when , Leigh Hunt, Sir Joskph Paxtost, &c. ; and we believe by giving three cheers for the prince of living essayists, who mnde his acknow- the general ledgments with rriuch emotion; public have responded heartily to the appeal made to them. But on Monday and retired. The second part of the concert then evening the directors thought they would take a further step in the direction of proceeded. educating the popular mind in a love of beauty and art. They therefore deter- This insensibility to poetry was exhibited in a similar way last week. Miss mined on giving, between the two acts of the concert, a lecture on the cultiva- "Vandekhoff— a lady who played Antigone about eleven years ago with singular tion of the beautiful, and they induced Mr. Lkigh Hunt not only to write this grace and power—gave a reading, at the new Music Hall iii the Surres- essay (for vrliich assuredly no living Gardt.us, fromMidsummer Nigh?s Dream, with Mendelssohn's music, sung by author is so fit), but to take the chair. 1 Those who Know Mr. Hunt's studious and scholastic habits will i)e able duly to Miss Poole and others. Tlie music was liked, but Miss Vandenhof* met with appreciate the kindnes3 and deep interest in the success of tlie undertaking considerable impatience from some of the auditors, who were at length put to wliich. must have moved hint in thus coining out of his honoured retirement, shame by the singular pertinence of the following passages in the qu arrel scene arid, for the first time in his long life, presiding over a public meeting. How- between Helena, TIermia , Lysander, and Demetrius—passages delivered with ever, there, on Monday evening, was the friend of Siieixey and Lamb, the lite- peculiar point and relish by the fair reader:— rary father of Keats, tlie embodied spirit of the Examiner in its early days, of If you were men j as rncn you are in show, the Indicator, ' the Companion, and a hundred other brilliant scintillations of the You would not \xse a gentle lady so. periodical press. There, in the great Hall called of St. Martin, was the literary And, further on :— teacher of hal f a century, surrounded by several of his younger brethren, among If you hare any pity, grace, or manners, whom were Mr. Henry Matthew and Mr. Stocqueier; and there also was You would not make me such an argument. gathered a large audience, intent on harmony. The singers and other per- But, fare 3'e well : 'tis partly mine own fault; formers consisted of Miss Bmcur, Miss Augusta Manning, Mr. Bodda, Mr. Which deatb, or absence, soon shall remedy. Donald Kiso, &c. ; and the music Avas of all sorts, ranging fro Let us not, however, be disheartened. A people which can learn to love music m a scena in may ia Weber's Fr-eischutz to " Tom Bowling" and the " Death of Nelson." time be taught to appreciate poetry. Upon the conclusion of the first part of the concert (we quote from the Morning Post)," Mr. Stocqueler advanced and informed the audience that, although it -was THE WEEK AT THE THEATRES. hot his intention, as announced in the bills, to give a selection from the old poets on Mr. Euckstone has revived The Inconstant at the Haymarket, for the purpose that occasion, he would, with therr permission, read the address prepared by Mr. of introducing to the London stage an American actor, a Mr. Murdoch, who Hunt. This he proceeded to do, after a short preface, expressing the honour and plays Young Mirabel in. a munner which, has won for him the loud applause of pleasure he felt in reading anything by such an author, although he had not time to his audience. II« was supported by Mr. Chippendale, Mr.. W. Faruen. and look it over. Before, however, Mr. Stocqueler had gone very far in the reading of M iss Talbot.—DttURr Lanes has been amusing its frequenters with a iravestiei of tbe paper, he found that bis voice was not strong enough to fill the hall, and the Pizarro as produced at the Princess's—Mr. Keeley performing the Spanish, audience became so restless and impatient, tliat he resigned the task to Mr. Henry hero, Mrs. Keeley liolla, and Mrs. Frank Matthews Cera : a humorous com- Moyhew. This gentleman recommenced the paper, and, thanks to his distinct bination, which is certain to be crowned with success. utterance, every word of it was heard. The subject of Mr. Hunt's address was on the perception of the beautiful, and the advocacy of its more general cultivation, so as to Out promised notice of Perdita at the Lyceum must unavoidably stand over place within, the reach of every one those cheaply-earned pleasures the artist can till next week. A Hungarian Refugee at Hull has been starved to ' means of carrying on that great progress throughout - profound observation, general as conceived by him, true death. His name was Adolphe de Werdinsky, arid he the country which has been begun by the people them- to the letter iu its application. I shall never entertain had been a medical man in the army of Kossuth. At selves, and which only needs tlie Government to give it the slightest apprehension of foreign riyalry till I tbe close of the Hungarian struggle, he came to London, free course ia order to establish the most glorious re- see that all Europe exhibits the freedom of the where he received about 2000/. from, a relative in Russia; sults ? I hear nothing of all this. Lord Palmerston is tenant." Sir James Graham recommended 1 Cumberland /500& of this he invested in the iron business, but he said to have summoned the members of his Cabinet to farmers t o cultivate corn less, and to introduce the was swindled by a Jew partner, and ruined. He meet together in November, in order to propound the growth of flax by way of rotation. He thought, also, afterwards resided at Southampton, in Holland, and at bills which they wish to prepare for the next session ; they grazed too little, and he warned them against their Hull, where lie endeavoured to teach languages under and I suppose after that we shall lmow something ; and tendency to grow potatoes. u It is a tender plant; it tlie name of Dr. Beck. Ho lived in a respectable house, so we still remain in tlie state -which. I described at the has become an uncertain plant. If you grow potatoes and struggled , to keep up an appearance of being in good beginning—of waiters upon Providence and upon Pal- relying upon the railroads for facility of exporting them, circumstances, when he was in fact in the sharpest merston." Mr. Fox concluded by denouncing aristocra- you will make the most fertile land perfectly sterile, extremity it of want. Since he came to England, he has tic government. , is a gambling transaction. If you plant upon good land, married, and his wife and one child remain. After his Sin Jabiks Graham upon Agriculture.—The an-r the crop is always doubtful death , and the loss severe. If it , his corpse was found lying on a misorable bed- nual exhibition of stock and im plements in connexion is a good crop, it impoverishes the land to an extent tick covered , with a single scanty blanket, laid on an. with the East Cumberland Agricultural Society was which no ultimate advantage ean compensate. I am old door ; and this, with the exception of two' or three held upon tho Castle-green, Carlisle, beneath the walls therefore extremel old y anxious to discourage the growth of chairs, was literally the only furniture the house of the old border fortress, on Saturday last- A large potatoes on a largo scale. contained. " After tho delivery of Severn 1 A decent appearance had been maintained party subsequently sat down to dinner at the Bush' other speeches, the meeting broho up. t y a couple of clean -window-blinds ; but beyond this Hotel, Mr. Henry Howard, of Grej'stoko Castl e, occupy- Charge of Poisoning.—A charge of administering a nothing but desolation and the most abject poverty was ing tho chair. In answer to the toast of " Tho members poisonous draught to a young -woman, named Catherine ¦visible. Of clothes the unfortunate inmatea wero com- for the city," Sir James Graham made a long speech, in, Mrisscy, has been brought at Worship-sticct, against paratively destitute, although the most persevering which, though promising to observe the rule of not efforts have been John Reid, a beer-shop keeper in the Bcthnal Green-road. made to keep their poverty from the introducing any political allusions, he reviewed his According to the girl' containing; jublic eye. Amidst all their s statcin ent,. a glass deprivation , the child was parliamentary life, and said that lie had no cause to some frothy liquor like ginger-beer was handed to her apportioned more than, its share of their scanty meal , regret any of tho measures he had supported. Alluding by the landlord, after drinking which, she became yet the ravages of hunger are now detected in its bc- to agricultural matters, ho said :— Sir John Moxwoil liaviour while playing, " alarmingly ill. Roid's defence is that the girl herself which weie previously only at- (ono of the guests) hopes that the Emperor of Russia caught up tho tumbler whi«h tributed to childish whim. and drank off the contents, may roign over»a free and loyal people. Tbnt lie will consisted of twopennyworth of turpenti ne and the Mr. W. J. Fox at Oldham.— A political speech was reign over a loyal people, a cordial people, I fully hope same quantity of liquid ammonia, to be used for re- delivered at Oldham on Wednesday by Mr. W. J. Fox, and believe, That he will reign over a free people I do who met a party of his * moving grease stains. Ho was bound over on his own constituents. Tho veteran poli- not expect, and as an agriculturist I do not much desire recognizances to tician spoko of the last session appear again next week. as " a session «t nononti- it, for, if tliero bo danger to a foreigner, one thing is The Royal, Bkitish peti- tiea " ridiculed the Conservatives Bank. —Tho hearing of | as .being split into obvious—namely, that that danger must arise from tions with respect to this bank Vice- fooftao Ki devoid of any intelligible took place before ¦ policy ; approved freedom on tho part of tho cultivators of tho soil. Excuse Chancellor Kindorslcy at tho Angol Hotel Bury St. ¦ ^*lmerat°n making peace, , «?*!» though he fel t disap- mo if I record a sentiment which I read tho otlier day—a Edmund's, on Wednesday afternoon. .The petitions of war hud not been a crusade Fw^ideapotlatu . fou " against sentiment which donotcd groat and profound wisdom, Mr. Adolphus Sherman Mr. Robert Moo Genera l universally," and anticipated the time when , , Montesquieu, in visiting England nearly a century ago, Achison, and Mr. Jeremiah Harridgo having been re- 1 6ht and demanded that the was struck with tho superior produce of this country in SemierTwr^^ 8omo' ceived, and Mr. Ilotherington having stated on behalf we ToLt wf £\ f ??* "on^tic Policy. " Are comparison with that of Franco, and ho wondered at of tho corporation and directors that they desire the wind- d ft m Be88ion t0 8cfi9ion ? *>ked Mr. that superiority on perceiving pL « Ip *W«f °i ° " ; ' exists, I doubt whether the acquiring of languages is the LIGHT BROWN COD LIVER OIL niost necessary or profitable branch of knowledge. ¦ ¦ • ¦ • ¦ : ¦- . : . Mifm. • Cnmmerrial . . .. superiority over .- . , in consequence of its marked 3 Has now ¦ the stores ' ' ¦ ¦ ' Words, after allj are only vehicles of thought ; ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ — ? " " ¦ ... . • . every other variety, secured the confidence and almost uni- of thought accumulated in our own tongue are already - versal preference of the most eminent Medical Practitioners that which,x London , Priday Evenin g, September 26, 1856. in1 the treatment of CONSUMPTION, BRONCHITIS, immense; and, if much of life be passed in and is rather preparation for study than study itself, little* Consolb , which closed on Saturda y at 94J $ for Money, ASTHMAJ , GOUT, RHEUMATISM . SCIATICA, DIA- ' 94J f for. 8th-October Account , have exhibited considerable ¦BETES , DISEASES OF THE SKIN, NEURALGIA , time may remain to complete the building for which1 heaviness durin g the week, the pressure havin g been occa- RICKETS, INFANTILE WASTING. GENERAL DE- such wide and ample foundations have been laid." Laterr sioned by severe speculative salesi added to a general im- BILITY,: and all SCROFULOUS AFFECTIONS. market. Considering, how- in the evening, Sir J. K. Shuttleworth answered the ob-- pression of the instability of the Its leading distinctive characteristics arc: and denied that he had become» ever, the unfavourable influences which havo been brought servations of Mr. Fox, to bear upon the funds , great firmness and good quotations COMITJETE( PRESERVATION PF ACTIVE AND ESSENTIAL " one of the mummies of the Circumlocution Office. " Hee . hav e been maintained. Rumours of an adverse nature .have agreed with all Mr. Fox had said, but thought that thee been rife, and more weight lias been attached to political PRINCIPLES ; INVAKIABIJ! PURITY AND UNIFORM to contend against should bee events than their nature warranted.. STREN GTH ; ENTIR E FREEDO M FROM NAUSEOUS FLA- difficulties Government has The railwa y share market has generally held good pric es. VOUR AND AFTER-TASTE ; RAPID CURATIVE 'EFFECTS , recollected. ¦ Yesterday , owing . to* the confidence occasioned by the Discovery of Copper jk _STew Zeaxjvnd.—Thee Bank directo rs making no alteration in the rate of discount , AND CONSEQUENT ECONOMY. Consols obtained a temporary advance of i per cent, of the discovery of the lode of copper ore on the Dun Mountainn Opini op Radcl yfpe Haz.Ii , Esq., M.D., F.B.C.P.E., ¦ mornin g's pri ces, but closed about the same as on the pre- on C. has been fully confirmed, and the result of the experi-'- vious evening. . Physician to tho Tor quay Hospital for Consumption , Author ments made upon the samples forwarded to this countryy Consols and railwa ys are still continued to bo invested in of " Essays on Pulmonar y Tubercle ," &c. &c. &c. , a by the public , aud. the recent speculative operators for a, fall "I have no hesitatio n in saying that I general ly prefer aTe unusually favourable. A few feet lower down y the firmer appearance of struck. This together>P having been rende red careful b your Cod Liver Oil for the following reasons :—I have most valuable vein las been , * the markets , high er prices are antici pat ed. Money in the "FOUND IT TO AOK.EE BETTER 'WITH THE DIGESTIVE ORGA NS, •with the reported discovery of gold, if the latter be con-l~ Stock Exchange was in deman d , and realized 44 per cent. ESPECIALLY IK THOSE PATIENTS WHO CONSIDER THEM- firmed, will be of the greatest advantage to this province:e Consols opened 93| g, and closed 93| i. SELVES to be "bilious : it seldom causes nausea or eruc ta- and to the whole of New Zealand.—Austral ian and NewW tion ; it is more palatable to most patients than tho other Aberdeen , —,.— ; Caledonian , 55, 55J ; Chester and Holy- kinds of Cod Liver Oil : it is stronger , and consciucntly a Zealand Gazette. head , 15 J , 16J ; Eastern Counties , 9, 9J ; Great Northern , smaller dose is sufficient. " A Significant Fact.—At the annual exhibition of>f 93, 91; Great Souther n and Western (Ireland), 114, 110 ; _ 96, modern paintings in the Brera Palace, there was.a pic-* Great Western , C3£, Mk]v Lancashire and Yor kshire , Sold only in Imperial Half- pints, 2s. 6d.; Pints , 4s. O d.; .„ 9GJ ; London and 'Blackwal l, CJ , 7; London , Brighton , and Quarts 9s.; uled .and labelled with Dr. de Jonoh 's ture by Paris Tepaesenting the return of Pius IX. fromm South Coas t, 105, 106 ; London and North-W estern , 102, , caps 3 , Stamp and Signature, withodt which none are hen ui ne, Gaeta in 1850, surrounded by Cardinals and Ministers.- 102} ; London and South "Western , 101, 101J; Midlan d 77i, by ANSAR, H ARFORD , and CO., solo British Consignees. This had lately been painted for the Puke Scotti for theie 77* ; North-Eastern (Berwick), 79J, 80.4 ; South Eastern 77, Strand , London; and by :naa ,ny rospeotable Chonnists and x (Dover ), 70, 71; Antwer p and Rotterdam , 7, 7J ; Dutch Druggists. sum of 25,000 francs, and. the other day it was disco- Rhenish , If, 2 pm.; Eastern of Fr anco (Paris and Stras - vered completely burnt to ashes.— Times Turin Cor-'- bou rg), 35, 35 J ; Great Central of France , 6, SJ pm.j Great Luxembour g, 4, 4}; Northern of France , 87$, 38i ; Pans respondent. 1 NATURE'S TRUE REMEDY. = and Lyons , SO*, , 51i; Royal Danish , 19, 20; Royal Swedish , FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE. le, 14; Sambre and Mou so, 11£, 12. DU. TOWNSEND'S SAHSAPARILLA. Tuesday, September 23. There are threo principal avenues by whiiii Nature BANKRUPT. —WitxiAM Stttabt Findxat jse, Plymouth , CORN MARKET. expels- from tho body whr.t is necessar y should bn expelled coal merchant. Mark-lane .Friday, September 26, 1856. ttherefrom. Tlieso three arc tho Stool, tho Urino , an d the Friday, Sejpteniler 26. Pores. These must bo kept in a liealthy condition , or Geor ge Hexrx - Stanle y, Cannon- Ariiivals this week into London as well as off tho Coast -I BANKRUPTS. — * ' Thn countr y mar kets, however , arc disease is certain. This is a fixed and positive law ; and no sfcreet-roatl , St. Georgo 's-in-the- East , builder—W illia m 'ha vo been moderate. human being ca-n safely disregard it. Habtzio, Stafford , manufacturing chemist —. Thomas 1prett y well supplied, and although business has not been ' Hoopeb Brook , Wolvorhampton , draper— Henr y Mee- brisk generall y, prices havo been maintained. Tho cargoes Now, when tho system is diseased , it is tho first gran d sold!' oil' tho Coast are Taganrog Ohirka 59s. to C9s. 6d. , 60s. obi ject to set all these functio ns at work , both to expel Disease, tens and John Sutcliffe, Appcrley brid go, Yorkshire , • dyers — Heniiy Waen e, 8, Mill-st roet , Hanover-squaro , C8, andUls.! 3d., Bordianski 60s. and 62s. Cd., Polish Odessa 55s. and: to restore the Health. Now Bond-street , and 22, Maddox-strect , carpenter , &c.— ]per 430 lb., har d Taganrog 57s. 3d., and56s., and 58s. Cd., hard Tho bowel s must bo opened , cleansed , soot Vied, and John White, Jose ph Exley, and Jose ph DAni,iN<3TON, lbrail 51s., Ibrail Maize 3ls. 6d. and 32s. now refused. Galatz strengthened ; "the urino must bo made to . flow healthfully ¦Mexborough , York , coal pro pri etors— Isaac Jameb Haw- 33s.! and 32s. 3d. , and 32s. 6d. now refused . . Barle y remains and nat ur ally, and to throw off tho impurities'of tho blood ; dun , and Jambs Lamont M'Gresob, Liverpool , merchants 'unaltered in value. There arc very few Oats on salo, and full tho liver and stomach must bo regulated ; and above all , tho —Henr y ALFnED Wakd , Birmingliam , grcitso manufac- .'prices can be obtained for them. pores must bo opened , and tho skin mado healthy . Those* turer— William Jambs Beaman and Icoiert Peakce things done, and Nature will go to her work ; Mid ruddy IiEWis , Bath , hide doalors— Simon Horsman, Wcstgat o, health will sitstnilin g upon tho chcok ; andlifo will be again Bradford , grocer— Samueii Pa hkinson Wu pp , Westgato- BRITISH FUNDS FOR THE PAST WEEK. a luxur y. . hill , Bradford , currier—R obert Ingiiam, H ainer Bottom s, (CLOSING PBICEB.) Wo will suppose tho case of a person afflicted wltli a bilious Rochdale , cotton manufacturer. complaint. Jtlis head aches , his appotito is poor , his bonca SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. — James MTntosii , Dun- Sat. 3Ion. Tttc$. Wed. Tliur. Frid. and uack ache , ho is weak and nervous , his complexion is dee, cabinet maker— AVm. Cahrutuers , Tynron , Dura- Bank Stock yellow, tho skin dry, and his tongue furred. Ho goes to a fries-shiro , deceased. 3 per Cent. Red 019 doctor for rcli of, and is givon a doso of medicino to purgo him 3 por Cent. Con. An. 9 Ditto, .««00 17 p 17 p 10 p bo evacuated , but tho work is but "h egun at this Ditto , Smal l 10 p 13 p 17 p 17 p Nip ' 17 p the business. Tho kidneys must bo prompted to do their Winchcstiir : a dauglitor , stil lborn. work , for they havo a most importan t work to do; tho MARRIAGES. stomach must bo cleansed j and , nbovo all, tho ronEB must CHADS—DU OURROY. —On tho 25th nit. by special li- FOREIGN FUNDS, cense, nt tho British Consulate, BarUnncllos , William .Tolm bo roliovcd ana enabled to throw off tho secretion s which Chads , Brovot-Mnjor 04th Regiment , second son of Ucar- (Last Official Quotation durin g the Week endin g ought to pass off through thorn. We repeat , that by tho Admiral Sir II. I). Cliads , K.C.B., Cominnndor-iu -Chief on Frida y Evenin g.) Howols , tho Urino , tho l'orcs, tho disease must bo expelled tho Ir ish Stati on from tho system , and not by tho bowela alone , as Is tho usunl , to Louise Du Curroy . eldest dnuglitcr of Brazilian Bonds 101 Portuguese or Cents Cents is congenial to the human system—a reme dy that utrungthciiH Towkosbur y, Chilian 3 por Cunts Russian 4J por Cents. ... 07 is tho rotnedy found in Church , Joh n Wolls Fletoh or , Esq. , of Upton- Dutch 2 WILLIAM! S. BURTON has SIX LARGE SHOW Head Banking-house ON . , THUE ADNEED LE- STRli'T'PaxKliui TAwr ^^eJchant Tailor , 74, Regent-streot , ready made or ROOMS devoted exclusively to the SEPARATE DISPLAY Channg-CT Qss Branci . No. 450, WEST STfiAND. '^ ' iri , order , in Autum n Tweeds and Meltons , 25s. ; Win- of LAMPS , BATHS, and METALLIC BEDSTEADS. The J ?~Tweeds^ , Meltons, Pilots , and Witneys , S2e. ; double stock of each is at qnce the largest , n-ewest, and most varied BOARD Oy DrRBCTOES. and beavers , 42s. ever submitted to the public , and marked at prices propor - Chairma n— Sir JOHCN VILLIER S flailed cloths SHE LLEY MartBw+ Mat t> TV.B. —A desideratum for boys and youths . : tionate with those that have tend ed to make his establish - 25, Park Lane, and Maresfleld Park , Susie*:' * *-» ment the moat distinguished, in this country. PW Cfta£r»fea» -JOHN GRIFFI TH FRITH¦ CAWJ tl Eao^a ttvifT, "N ENTLEMEN" in SEATtCH of a TAILOK Bedsteads , from ...... £0 12 6 to .£12 0 0 each Sands , and Co.), Austin Friars. - . ct- (Frith , / directed to 3B. BENJAMIN, Merchant Tailor, 74, Shower-baths , from ...... 0 7 6 to 6 15 0 each \JT are •T UND AOTan H*>N. Esq., Devonshire Beeent-street. Lamps (Mod Grateur ), from 0 6 0 to 6 <5 0 each Hyde^ rk Terra ce, The FORTY-SEVEN SHILLING SUITS , made to order (All other kiutls at the same rate.) ' ¦ - C EL WILLIAM ELSBT from Scotch. Heather , and Cheviot Tweeds, all wool and tho- Pare Colza Oil ...... 4s. 8d. per gallon . , H.E. I.C.S ., Bank House , rou ghly shrunk. A^n. <3 The PELISSIER SACS, 21s , 25s.,and 28s. i^UTLERY WARRANTED.—Themost varied 8 ( <*><* d The BENJAMIN CL ERICAL and PROFESSIONAL V^ assortment of TABLE-CUTLERY in. the world , all ^a^tlr^o^^^ - >—, London OVER or UNDER COAT fro 30 . warranted, is on SALE at "WILLIAM S. BURTON' S , m s The ALBERT LONG , at JEREMIAH GREATOREX , Esq. (Bradbury FROCK or OVER COAT , from 35s. to 55s. The REVER- pric es that are remunerative only because of the largeness Aldermanbur S Gr eatorcx SIBLE WAISTCOAT , buttoning four different sides, 14s. of the sales. Si inch ivory-handled table-knives , with high Clapt^T y>. P™S HiU SSu£ uSw ' The TWO GUINEA. DRESS and FROCK COATS , the shoulders, lls- per dozen ; desserts to match , 10s. ; if to ALEXANDER CON GUINEA DRESS TROUSERS, and the HALF-GUINEA balance , is. per dozen estTa ; carvers , 4s. per pair : larger STANTINE IONID ES, Esq desideratum , viz., a DRESS or TROCK COAT , possessing and otherwise, aud of the new plated fish-carvers. SS-k La^e - that fine silky appearance , durability, and superior style so peculiar to the high-priced garment worn by the Britis h THE PERFE C T S UB STITUTE ^ nS ' S ^ ^ ' ^^ ^ <*^°n>V aristocracy, at the very moderate charge of 2] guineas , cash . JL FOR SILVEB. and Cash payments and a lar ge trade solely enabling them to The REAL NICKEL SIL VER, introduced twenty years ^S^ffiS^>SSS^^ T^r- do it. ago by WIL LIAM S. BURTON , when plated by the patent 1 Accounts made up to H. HAT ES and Co., 149, Cheapside. of Messrs. Elkington and Co., is fceyond all comparison O-. S"!!! ** the 30th of June and the ;he 31st of December in. each year , and inter est allowed on tho very bests art icle next to sterling silver that can balances * • . . . fVEAFNESS.—Prize Medals 1851, First class be employed as such , either usefully or ornamentally, as by no possible test can be it disti nguished from real silver. JOcppsitAccounts. —The rate of interest allowed on money JL ^ 1855.—The newly invented ACOUSTIC INSTRU- placed on deposit MENTS, to suit every degree of deafness , however extreme , at three days ' notice of with drawal is On <3 Piddle or Thread or m^.^ a per cent, per anmun und er the Bank of England rat e o? can only be obtained of F. C. REIN , sole inventor andmaker , Old Silver Brunswick, -p discount for first-class at his Paradise for the Deaf , 108, Strand, London. Also Patternfil" ?,!. bills, risiug and falling therew ith., Pattern. Pattern . h °f and Bern's celebrated Cork ResDirators . T T S^ency Country Foreign Banlcs, whether Tabl e Spoons and Porksper J oint-Stock or Private , dozen...... 38s...... 48s...... 60s. is undertaken. MATTHEW MARSHALL , Jan., Man ager . »T\EETH.—Messrs. GABRIEL supply COM- Dessert ditto and ditto ... 80s...... ¦ 85s. 42s. JL PLETE SETS, without Springs , on the principle of Tea ditto ...... 18s. • „...... 24s. ....;. 30s. . BEN JAM1N SCOTT, Secretary . capillary attraction avoiding tlie necessity of extrac ting "W Bfcumps or tfausing any^ pain—SILICIOUS ENAMELLED Tea and Coffee Sets, Cruet , and Liqueur Frames, aiters AMERICAN MINEBAL TEETH, the best in Europe — Cand lesticks , <&c- , at proportionate prices . All kinds of re- SOUTH AUSTEiLIAN BANKING goaranteed to answer every purp ose of mastication or ar ti- plating done by the pateni process. COMPANY. culation—from Ss. 6d. per Tooth , fipts , 4J. 4a.—Her Ma- CHEMICALLY PURE NICKEL NOT PLATED. Incorp orated by Royal Charter , 1847. jesty' s Moyal Letters Patent have -wen awarded for th e The Court of Directors GRANT LETTERS of CREDIT product ion of ajperfectly WHITE ENAMEL , for decayed Fiddle- Thread. King 's. and BILLS upon Table Spoons and Porks ¦ tbe Company 's Bank , Adelaide , at par. 3PRONT TEETH, which can only be obtained at Mess rs. . per dozen ; 12s , .,. 28s. ... 30s. Approved drafts negotiated and sent for collection. Gabriel' s Establishments , 33, Ludgate-hill , five doors from Dessert ditto and ditto... 10s. ... 21s. ... 25s. Business with all the Australian Colonies conducted the Old Bailey; and at 112, Doke-str eet, Liverpool. Con- • Tea ditto.. 5s. ... lls. ... 12s. through the Bank' s Agents. sultation and every information gratis. ¦ ¦ The late addi tions to these extensive premis es (already Apply at the Company 's Offices , 54, Old Br oad-street , by far the largest in Europe) are of such a character that London. WILLIAM PURDY , Manager. SCHWEPPE'S MALVERNT SELTZER the entire of EIGHT HOUSES is devoted to the displa y London , September, 1856. "WATER. Having leased the Holy Well Spring at Jttalvern of the most magnificent stock of GENERAL HOUSE , renowned for its purity , J. S. said Co. can now IRONMONGERY (including Cutlery, Nickel Silver , Plated pr oduce a SELTZER WATE R with all the CHEMI CAL aud Goods ,Baths , Brushes, Turnery, Lamps , Gaseliers , Iron ami r MEDICINAL prop erties whicb -hav o rendered the Nassau ¦ PHE JACKSONIAN SANATORIUM, Forth? Brans Bedsteads , Bedding, and Bed-hangings) , so arr anged -*- Green (one mile and a half from Highgate Hill , on the SriS? so celebrated - They continue Manufa cturing SODA , in Sixteen Large Show Room s as to afford to parties fur- MAGNESIA , and POTASS WATERS and LEMONADE , Barnefc-road), is now open for the reception of patient s of at rushing facilities in the selection of goods that cannot be the higher and middle classes of society during any course JjONDON, LIVER POOL . BRISTOL, and DERBY. hoped for elsewhere. Every bottle ia protected by a Rod Label bear ing their of treatm ent directed by their own medical atte ndants. A signature. Illu strated €ataiogues Bent (per post) free. duly qualified Medical Officer resides upon the spot to attend 39, OXPOBD-STREEO ) ; 1, 1a, 2, and 3, NE "WMAN- in case of accident, and to follow the instructions of medical STREET; and 4, 5, and 6, PERRY' S-PLACE , LONDON. gentlemen whose patients reside at tho Sanatori um. A HOLLOWAY 'S OINTMENT AND PILLS Dispensary, Nurses , Attendants, and a most extensive suite BVVKEM-EluY EPPICACIOT TS IN CURING Established 1820. of Batlvs , will bo found in the Establishment . WOUNDS. —Mrs. Elizabeth Belson of Siiettisham , near The patients or visitors can reside in separate apartments , Lynn, had suffere d for twenty weeks from a dreadful wound r E MIEOIR FACE or join the general company. va her leg, occasioned by falling upon an iron scraper. ET NUQUE.—This Conveyances from , tho Bank , Post-office , and Ch ariug-crosa Remedies innumerabl e and diversified wer e applied , .Li new Patent Toilet Glass reflect s the back of the head but all as perfectly as it does the face several times daily. falling, she supposed she would have been a, cnpple for life, , and both in one glass at th e The Institution «an bo inspected daily after 12 o'clock . when she. waa advised to try Holloway's Ointment and Pills. same time, enabling a lady_ to arrange her back hair with After employing a few the greatest ease and precision ; it is the most uni que and For -partic ulars , address , The Secretary, Jack sonian Sana- boxes of both , tho wound assumed a torium Fortis-grecn, near Unchley. healthy appearan ce, the leg subsequ ently became per fectly complete article ever introduced into the dressin g-room. , Bou nd, and 6he is now quite well. Price 24s., and upwards. The Pate nt can also be affixed to _ 8old by all Medi cine Vendors throug hout any good Toilet Glass. Drawings and Prices sent freo by tho world ; at Post. To be Been only at the ITALIAN AND FRENCH LANGUAGES. Professor HOLLO WAY'S Establishments , 244, Strand . Lon- Patentees , Messrs. HEAL & don , and 80, Maiden-lane , New York ; by A. Stampa , Con- SON, whoso warorooms also cont ain every variety of Toilet MR. ARRIVABENB, D.LL., from the Uni- atantin ople; A. Guidicy, Smyrna ; and E. Muir , Malta. Glass that is manufactured, as well as a general assortment versity of Pad.ua, who has been established in London of BEDSTEADS , BEDDING, and BEDR OOM FURNI - for threo years , gives private lessons in Italian and Trench A NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE TURE. at his own house , or tho houses of his pupils. He also at- SCIENCE OP MEDICINE. HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTR ATED CATALOGUE of Bed- tends Schools both in town and country. Mr. AB.R,IVA- Patont Office Seal of Great Britain. steads , Bedding, and Bedroom Furniture , sont freo by post. BENE teaches on a plan thoroughly pra ctical , and tho Drpldme de 1'Ecolo do Pharma cia do Paris. HEAL & SON, 190, TOXTENHAM-COURT-BOAD. most mediocre iniiid cannot fail to thoroughly comprehend mT,,T,n InQP°rial College of Medicine , Vienna. his lessons. TRIESEM^ AR, Nos. 1, 2, and S , is prepared in the form of a Apply by letter to Mr. ARRI VABENE , No. 4, St. lozenge , devoid of taste or wnell, and can be carried In the FURNISH YOUR HOUSE Michsel' s-place , I3romptou. waistcoat pocket. Sold in tin cases , divided into separate WITH THE BEST ARTICLES AT doses , as administered by Valpeau , LaUeoiaad , Roux, Xucord , go., f kc DEANB'S T3UPTURES EFFECTUALLY CURED npRIESEMAK, No. 1., is a Remedy for Eelax- IE03OI0NGEEY A39HD TUENISHmG "WAREHOUSES JL\ WITHOUT A TRUSS.-DR. BARKER'S celebr ated J- at ion, Spermatorrhoea , And all the dist ressing conse- . REMEDY is protected hy threo patents , of England , quenc es a/ritrin p from early abuse, indiscriminate excesses, A Priced Furnishing List sent Post Free. Fran co, and Vienna j and from its great success in privat e or too lone residence in hot climates . It has restored bodily practice is now mado known as a public duty through the and sexual stren gth and vigour to thousands of debilitated DEANE, DRAY, * CO., LONDOM-BRIDGE. medium of tho press. In every case of single or double individuals , wtoo are now enjoying health and the Functions Est ablished A-D. 1700. rupture, in either sex, of any ago , however bad or long Of Manhood throu gh this Wonderf ul Discovery 1 standing, it is equally applicable, effecting a curoi u a few TBJESEMAR No. IL,, day s, without inconvenience , and will bo hailed as a boon by effectu ally, in tho short space of threo days , completely and BLAIR'S GOUT and RHEUMATIC PILLS. all who have boon tortured with trusses. Sent post freo to entirely eradicates all traces of Gonorrhoea , bot h in its This preparation is one of tho bonoflts which tho anypart of the world, with instructions for use, on receipt mild and aggrav ated forms , Gleets, Strictures , Irritation of science of modern chonaistry has conferred upon mankind , of ion. fld. by nost-oirice order , or stamps , by OJlAItLliS the Bladder, Non-re tention of Urine , Pains of tho Loins and for , during the first twenty years of tho present centu ry, to BARKER, M.D., 10, Brook- street , Holborn , London. —Any Kidneys, and thOBe disorder s which Copaivi and Cubeb s have speak of a euro for the Clout was considered aromance—but infringement of tills triplo patont will bo proce eded against bo long boon thoug ht an antidote for, to the ruin of th e now tho olflcacy and safety of this medicine is so fully do- and restrained by injunction of tho Lord High Chancellor. health of a vast portion of the population. naonstrato d by unsolicited testim onials from porsons in every TRIESEMAR , No. III. . rank of life, that public opinion proclaims this as one of tho RUPTURES.-BY is the great Continental Remedy for Syphilieand Secondary most important discoveries of the present age. ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. ByinptomB. It search es out and purifies tho diseased Sold by PROUT and HARSANT, 220, Strand, London , WHITE'S MOC-lUAIN LEVER TllUSS is humours from the tolood , and cleanses the system from all de- and all Modlci no Vendors . allowed by upwards of 200 Medical Gentlemen to bo terloratiii(r causes i it also constitutes a certain Cure for tho most oll'ectivo invention in tho curati ve treat ment ol' Scurvy, Scrofula, and all Cutaneous ) Eruptions , and is a Prico Is. l id. and 2s. Oti. per box . Hernia. Tho uso of a stool spring (so often hurtfu l in its never -failing Remedy for that lclass of disorders which un- effects) is hero avoided , a soft Bandngobeing worn round tho fortunate ly the Bagliah Physici an treats with Merourv, to FHAMPTON'S PILL OP HEALTH body, while tho rectuisito resist ing powor is supplied b.v tho ••» inevitable destruction of the pationt' s constit ution ', and .—The Moc-Mai n Pad and Patent Lover , fitting with so much eusi? wmoh all tho manifold adva ntages to tho head s of families from tho Sarssparilla in tlio world cannot restore. possession of a medioino of known clileacy, that maybe ro- and closeness that it cann ot bo detected , and inny bo worn i *lt' > or four oa8OS in on0 for i*38 which saves lls^ sortod towith confidence during sloop. *Jk! 08 xl 12s To - , and used with success in cases 2S3 iM^'t ?08* ,8^1"? - - ^ lia

¦• ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ THE . • ' Established 1803. LACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE for OCTO- Capital :—0 N E 311L LI 0 MT Sterlixg. B BER, 1856. No. CCCCXCII. Price 2s. 6d. • ¦ All Paid- Up and Invested in 1806. - . CONTENTS : EAGLE, INSURANCEPALLADIUM COMPANT., AND MENTOR The Athelings ; on, The Three: Gifts.—Part V- Wayside Songs, original and txarslat kd. 3, Orescent, New Bridge-streot, Blackfriars, London, and GLOBE INSURANCE, Waterloo-place, Pall Mall. GUR TOUE IX THE INTERIOK OF THE CbIMEA- 7, J. "W. FBESHITELD, Esq.: M.P. : P.R.S.—Cliairman. We. Bcttle's Review. . • TEUSTEES. ' ¦ P0W1ER tUH W SAM, Esq.—Deputy (Jliairnian . Family History. Lord Bateraan. . _ j Eoberfc Checre, Esq. Chas. John Bosan- [ Patrick Colqnhoun, HL.Jf. An«ient Gems. Part I.— Sicilies : its Present Stat& Attditoes—Thomas Allen", Esq.; Wilmam H. Smith, Pxosfectusbs ,—-with Life Tables, on various plans,— ¦ ' Ornamental Stones. and Future Prospects. . Jun.^ Esq. may be had at tie Offices ; and of any of the Agents. James Montgomery. Mexhcai, Ofpjcees— Seth Thompson, M.I>. ; James ¦¦ ¦ WILLIAM XEWMARCH, London : Johit W. Pabkeb and Sou, West Strand. Saitik, Esq., M .!>• ¦ Tottenham Green; Wai. C00KE, Esq., ¦ ¦ . - . Secretary. M.D., 39, Trinity Square, Tower Hill. THE NEW QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. The realized Assets of this Company amount to One Million NEW STSTEM OF JilFE ASSURANCE. XX for OCTOBBB, price 2s. 64. , -will be published on sterling, Monday, ^ , m addition to the usual disest of Two Hundred and Fifty Thousand Pounds nearly. Directors of tie NATIONAL ASSU- and vrill contain The Annual Income exceeds Two Hundred Thousand THE current Literatare, an article on LOKO DAIHOUSIB'S Pounds. RANCE and INVESTMENT ASSOCIATION invite ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA. The number of existing Policies is upwards of Six Thousand attention to the Hew System of Life-Assurance exclusively IiOndoh ; BoswoBTS acJ 5, Begenfc-street. ¦ ' ¦¦ ¦ ' ¦ adopted by this Association—viz., that of allowing Interest Habbisoic, 21 Five Hundred. •; , . , The total Araoun t Assured exceeds Four Million Four Hun- on all Premiums paid, instead of the remote and uncertain ' - ¦ ¦ '¦ ¦¦¦: System of Bonuses usually adop ted. BRITISH QUARTERLY REVIEW, dred Thousand. Pounds. . . THE 1st ofi A division of Surplus will tako place in June next : the divi- By this plan, the Policyholder will secure to himself , a No. XLVXII., price 6s^ will toe pu.blisb.edoa the sions are quinquennial,.and the whole Surplus (leas 20 per constantly increasing annual inoome during life, as \rell as October. cent, only) is distributed among the Assured. tho payment of tie sum assured to his representatives, at CONTENTS : his death. ' I. Theology—New yebsus Old. " The Premiums required, although moderate, entitle the Tables of Rates specially adapted to this System of Assu- II. Mesdklssohn and his Music. . Assured to SO per cent, of the quinquennial surplus. rance may bo obtained at the Office of the Company, 3, Pall III. Cockbtjrn's Memoirs of his Times. The lives assured are permitted, in time of peace, and not Mall East, or forwarded free, on application. IV. Creation—Cuvier and Blajnville. being engaged in mining or gold digging, to reside in any PJ2TER MORRISON, Managing Director. V. The. Cape ob1 Good , Hope- and British Caf-- . ' ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ country, Australia, and California excepted, or to pass by sea ¦ ¦ - ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' .. . . (hot btsing seafaring persons by- profession) between any two FKA.KIA...... : . . . parts of the same hemisphere distant more than 33 degrees rpHE CAMBRIAN apd UNIVERSAL LIFE VI. The Igkatian Contboversv. from the Equator, without extra charge. JL andPIRE INSURANCE COMPANY. VII. The Manchester Exhibition. Deeds assigning Policies are registered at the Office, and Capital 100,OOW. Established 1849. . VIII. The Cambridge University Bill. assignments can oe effected on forms supplied by the Com- Office , 27, Gresham-street. .Agencies in th« principal towns IX. Piedmont and Italy. pany. : of England and Wales. X. Oub Epilooub oit Affairs and Books. . . The Annual Reports of the Company's state and progress, "WAXTOED 18, St. Paul's-cliurch- ' " This office offers the benefit of assurance in ail its Xondon : Jackson" and , • Prospectuses and Forms, may be had, or-will be sent, post branches, and is highly eligible for every description of life yuTd; and SraaPKiir, Mahshali, and Co., Stationers* Hall- on application at the Office, or to any.of the Company's ¦ ¦ ' ' ¦ ' free, assurance. ' . court. . .. ., Agents. A nesy and most important featurey entirely originating witli this Company, viz., Marriage Dowries, Life Assurance, On September 30th will be pubKsliea, No. TI. of the RITON LrFE ASSOCIATION, for granting and Deferred Annuities included in one policy. L, E W. T I O N A R E V¦ ¦ I ¦ ¦ - Rates of premium moderate". . ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦¦• ¦ ¦ B Life Assurances, Annuities,'Endowments, and Invest- NA ¦ - - . . . - . Annuities granted. Family endowments. . CONTENTS : . . . ment Policies. ¦ . Head OfBce, 52, Moorjj ate-street, London. Loans on personal and other securities. L The Gowrie. Conspiracy. Established in. conformity ¦with the recommendations of Forms of proposal and every in formation may be obtained II. CrIMK IN EngLA2JI> , AND ITS TrEATMEXT. the Select Connaittee of the House of Commons. " on application. By order, III. Victok Cousin on Madame de Hautefout and Capital Stock, 100.000J. ALTRED MELHADO, Manager. her. Contemporaries. Life Policies issued by this Office on the profit scale be- IV. Pekcy-Bysshe Shelley. . come payable during the Assurer's lifetime without extra ANtfllAL DIVISION OP PROFITS. : V. De Fob as a Novelist. premium. . . ' REAT BRITAIN MUTUAL LIFE VI. Italy. Building or Iirvestment Policies issued for terms of 7, 10, i^ ASSU- Sydney Dohell on the Wae. or 13 years. \JT BANCE SOCIETY, If, Waterloo-place, London, and VII. Annuities granted on most equitable terms, an increased 30, Irown-street, Manchester. VIII. Personal Influences on our Present Theo- i logy : Newman—Coleuxdoe—Ca.bi.txb. . rate being allowed on invalid lives. Directors. Endosvments for children and every description of Life THE CHISHOLM, Chairman. ; Price Tire Shillings. . Assurance effected. RICHARD HARTLEY KENNEDY, Esq;, Alderman, London: Chapman and Hail, 193, Piccadilly. Detailed Prospectuses and every information may be ob- Deputy-Chairman. tained on application to the Head OlHcb or any of the Pro-¦ ¦ ¦ vincial Agents. ¦ '. • Major-Gen. Micliael E..Bag- William Morley, Esq. THE W ESTMINSTER REVIEW. JOHN MESSENT, Secretary. nold. Robert Francis Power, Esq., NEW SERIES.—No. XX. OCTQBEEvl850- Prico 6s. Trancis Brodigan, Esq. M.D. Agents are required in places whero tho Offlco is not ef- . CONTENTS : fectually represented. Alexander Robert Irvino, Esq. Archibald Spens, Esq. John Inglia Jerdcin, Esq. Frederick Valiant, Esq. I. Alchemy and Alchemists. James John Kinloch, Esq. Rev. F. W. J. Vickery. II. Bdddhism : Mythical and Historical . THE HOUSEHOLDERS' ASSURANCE This Society is established on the tried and approved III. The PatopEUTY of SLyrhied Women. COMPANY. principle of Mutual Assurance The funds are accumulated IV. Geohgie Forstek. DIRE CTORS. for the exclusive benefit of the Policy-holders, under their Fifty Years ago. Wm, Ashton, Es. Bnllock Wobster, 15.sq., Norfolk-torraco, Hydo-ptirk.- Tho Annual General Meeting was held on the 28th of May, Contemporary Literature;— § 1. Theology and Philosophy. Arthur P. Onslow, Esq., Lawfcrook-house, Shore, Guildford. 1850, when a highly satisfactory Report of tho state of tho —§ 2. Politics and Education.—§ 3. Science—§ 4. His- Thoin*s Pocock, Esq., Souttiwark-bridgc-road. affairs and progress of tho Institution was presented to the tory, Biography, Voyages, and Travels. — § 5. Belles Peter Patorson, Esq., jun., Park -road, Holloway. Members. During tho last three years, upwards of 1200 now Lettres. James Laughton, Esq., Holm. Villa, Lewisliaui-road. assurances have been effected , yielding an increase of pre- per annum and ,' London : JoKtr CHA.riiA.ir, 8, King WHliama-atroot, Strand- This Companyor enables persons, \yithout speculation, to mium incomo of moro than 20.000^. ; al- invest lar^o small suras, at a higher rate of interest than though a general high rate of* mortality has provailcd among can be obtainod from tho public funds, an! on as secure a Assured lives during tho last two years, it has not been[ NATIONAL MONUMENTS. basis. deemed necessary to reduce, in the slightest degree, the» allowances previously awarded to the Policy-holders. 'THE ART-JOURNAL for OGTOBEB, Forms of application to deposit sums of money, at 5 per price 2s. 6d. , cont. interest, i>a.ya,blo hal f-ye-nrly, or to purchase shares (the The Members prosent at tho Meeting were fully satisfiedI JL witli the Report and resolved unanimously that a reduction. Tho Royal Pictures engraved in this number are—" Tho present interoafc on which is C per cout.), may bo bad on , Madonna," after Carlo Dolci, and " Hyde Park in 1851," after application to of 314 per cent, should bo inatio in tlio current year's Pro. mium payable Uy all Policy-holders now ontitlod to partici- J. I>. Harding. Tho Sculpture-Print is " Titauia," after T. 15 and 1(5, Adain-stroet, Adolphi. It. HODSOX, Soo. pates in tho Profits. M. Miller. Credit ia allowed for half tho Annual Premiums for the. Articles on tho following subjoots (ire included in this first flvo years. number;—" '1'hoNational Commissions;" " British Artists. A FIXED ALLOWANCE OF £6 PER WEEK , —No. ID, J. M. W. Tumor." illustrated ; "Tho FOto Saloons IH CASE OF INJURY IJY The following Table exemplifies the effect of the present! of Baden ," illustra ted ; " The Houses of Parliament;""Pr o- reduction. jected and other MouumentB;" "'.tho New Pioturcs in tho ACCIDENT OF ANY DESCRIPTION, National Gallery," " Tho Crystal Palace " illustrated ; 1 , OR TI I3! BUM OF A .' " Tho British Association ; ' "Tho Monks of tlio Middlo \ « when Amount 9" Allowance of K AJXn^i nV^«ow Ages," illustrated ; " Tho late Sir ». AVoatmacott, U.A.;" $1000 IN CASE OF DEATH, Assured. Assured, ccnt " The Manchostor Institution ;" " Pizarro," Ac. &o. May ho secured, by an Annual Payment of ggfffa. ^ ^ " payable £3 for a Policy Virtue and Co., 25, Paternoster-row, London ; and all in tho s£ £ s, d. a b. d. £ b. d. Booksellers. RAILWAY PASSENGERS ASSURANCE COMPANY. 20 aooo 20 17 o tin c m enth secured by a payment of Ten Shillings. 40 1000 31! 18 4 10 13 8 215 4 K English, no I looo 4H io a is 7 a 33 o o - NO CHARGE FOR STAMP DUTY. 00 I 1000 73 17 0 211 19 0 01 11) 0 / \UACKE11Y UNMASKED. Its Extortions, Forms of Proposal, Prosnoctuses, &o., may bo had of tho V^ Impositions, and Deceptions fully explained. By Agents—or tlio Clprk H at all tho Principal Railway Stations 11, Vatorloo-plnco, London, A. R. IRVINE, —and at tho Head Olllco, London John surroN". m.k.c.s. , whore also Juno i, 1850. Managing Director OPINIONS OF TUB PRESS : RAILWAY ACCIDENTS ALONE " The author lias conferred a great boon on suffe ring practices of nefa- Hay bo insured ngninst by tho Journoy or by tho Year as TNTERNA.TIONAL. FREE TRADE CON - humanity, by laying bare tho scandalous horotoforo. JL GWRSS AT) B1UJSSHLS. For a full Roport, seo No. II rious adventurers, who advortizo to euro diseases of which a)kir! they know nothing."—JTcrald. WILLIAM J. TIAN, Soorotary. of "Tiik Intf.unationaTi," published this day. It commond contains " Tlio AnKlo-'Frcnoh AUianco," find all tho PoreiRi1 " Will provo useful to thousands, to. whom wo ro Railway PnssDiiKers InBiuanco Company, Empowered bv' News of tho Wook , Political, Commercial, &c. &o. Prie0 it."—Sun. a Hpccial Act of Parliament. OHlcos, $, Old Broad-Btrcot, r>d. ; post froe, «d. Olllco, 17, llonviotta-strcct, Covont Address, Dr. BUTTON, 16, Fredoriclc-placo, Goswoll-rond, London, gurdcn. London. 936 THE LEADEE, P^o. S40, Sat., Sejt. 27, 1856. in Two Largo Vols. 8vo y p JSHEW PUBLICATIONS. Just publ ished, , handsomel rinted, and bound in cloth ,with Portra its pri ce sos THE LIFE AND WORKS OF 0OETHE : OTfti) §b^t£iiies of &is ^ge antr CDontEmporattes. LIFE IN AlTCrENT INDIA. By Mrs . 8vo, with Illustrations by G Scharf , and a (from published and un published sources.) SPEIB . [Jus t ready Map. BY G. H. IEWES A RESIDENCE IN TASMAMTA. By Author of the " Biographical History of Philosophy," &c. Captain H. BUTtER STONEY, 99th Regiment. Demy 8yo, with 16 I llustratio ns, and a Map, price 14s. cloth. " Goethe ' s heart , which few knew, was as great as his intellect, which all knew." —Jung Stilling. . "knowledge ¦ ¦ ' " Wri tten with intense love and profound of tho subject , it throws more lteht on the ' ' ' ' char acter *n a ¦ ¦ ¦ and ir^n " • ' • ¦ • • . 3...... ¦ V of Goethe than any other work. Finall y, it is a perfect mine of admirable impartial criticism , . . wr itten in »a tinrnpuro EnglishPniiSoi. style , and , in short , a life of Goethe worth y of the man-" —Daily News. SIGHT -SEEIN G IN GERMANY AND THE " Mr. Lewes has written a work of art , and not thrown before the public a quarry of raw material. . . a thorono-n TYROL, in the Autumn of 1855. By Sir JOHN study of his subject, a careful preparation extended through many years , and trained skill in authors hip, have enahif £ FORBES. Author of " A Physician 's Holiday," &c Post Mr. Lewes to convey a lively representation of the man Goethe as he lived, of the society of which he was the centr p nr 8vo, with Map and View, price 10s. 6d. cloth. the general characteristics of the time; and , to blend with all this , ample analytical criticism on his pr incipal writin g and Intelligent discussion of the principles on which , poetry and proso fiction should bo composed. " The ground is describe d clearly, the things that appeared . . . Goethc» i« shown to have possessed one of the noblest and sweetest natures over given to erring man , and to have lived as ever in most worth seeing to a sensible , observant tourist , are set , the eyes of the great Taskmaster , who had given him ¦his talent¦ s and¦ was by that gift calling him to dischar ge ereat ¦down, together with the natura l impressions they produced ^ duties. " —Spectator. . ' . ' . . ° b and the result is a work more agreeable¦ in every way than man y a book of travel. " —Examiner. L0NT)OlSr: DAVID NUTT, 270, STRAND. ' ¦ ¦ • . . 4. . . - . . OF THE INSANE , SARDINIA AND NAPLES. Now complete, THEWithout TREATMENT Mechanical Bestrain ts. By JOBTNT CONOLLY , Just ready, cheap edition , price 2s. 6d.; In One handsome Volum e, cloth letter ed, pric e 13s M.D. Demy 8vo , price 14s. cloth. ANTONIO : a Taus, By the r^HAMBERS'S HISTORY of the DOCTOR ¦ ¦ " ¦ RUSSIAN¦ " Dr. Conotty has succeeded in accomp l ishin g the object .¦ ¦ ¦ • ¦ ¦ " " ¦ ¦ • ;. . . . - ¦ ¦ ¦ . Author of " Lorenzo Benoni." VJ . WAR. ./ . : . lie had in view—namel y, of fully explaining and vindicating . . the system of non-restraint in the treatment of lunatics. " A tale in a thousand. " — Critic. 3IUustratc& to(tl) iKftootf Isngrnblnp, His style is clear, terse, and vigorous , and there is not a Edinburgh : TttOMAS ConstabIiE and Co. ; London : ©olouu* page which will not l>e perused with interest, even by a Ha.mh.toit and Co., and all Books ellers . .' prints, anlr J^taps , . non- professional reader ."—Morning Post. " Dr. Conoll y has embod ied in this volume his experience Next week, in One Volume, post 8vo, 7s. 6d., of the new system of treatin g patients at Hanwell Asylum. Price 7s. cloth lettered , VOLUME II. , of the It cont ains besides much original mat ter of importance. " — KATE COTENTRY ;. An Autobio gra phy. T LFE and WORKS of ROBERT BURNS. Economist. By G. J. WHYTE MELVILLE . Ori ginally published JL -A Edit ed ' s Magazine. by Robekt Chasibebs. Library Edition "It cannot fail to interest every enlightened reader. " — in Fraser . Elegantly printed in demy Svo, with Wood Engravings . By the same Author , . Exam iner. • l DIGBY -GR AND. Two Vols. 18s. A so Part V, price 2s. 6d. GENERAL BOUNCE . Two Vols. 15s. To be completed in 10 Monthly Part s, a t 2s, Gd. each , ENGLAND IN TIME OF WAR. By Lond on: John W. Paekeb and Sou, West Strand. forming A Tiandsome Volumes. SYDNEY DOBELL , Author of " Balder ," " The Bo- man," &c Crowa 8vo, price 5s. cloth. f^A.LIGNANI'S NEW PARIS GUIDE Prico 7d , PART XXXIII. for OCTOBER, vDT for 1856,-Compiled from the best authorities , revised (^ H AMBERS'S JOURNAL of POPULAR and verified by personal inspection , an d arranged on an VJ LITERATURE , SCIENCE, and ARTS. . THE CAITVERY , KISTNAH , AND GODA- entirely new plan , with Map and Plates. 18mo. 10s. 6d., VBBY: Being a Beport on the "Work s constructed on bound, or without Plates 7s. 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" ITow re ady, in One Vol., price 5s., cloth lettered , Price 15s., hands omely bound in cloth THE NEW NOVEL¦ S.¦ , tho THIRD ¦ " ¦ ¦ ; • - ' ' ¦ ¦ ' ——• :V" . . . . : . ./;. . nnHE WAR from the Death of Lord Raglan to VOLUME of ' ' ' ' ' ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ • ¦ • the Evacuation of the Crimea. ' ¦ J- - . ¦ ¦ • . . 1...... PICTORIAL HISTORY of ENG- By W. H. RTrssEi -i., " The Times' Correspond¦ ent. " THE "With Additions ¦and Corrections. ¦ LAND, brought up to tho . Russian" Wab. Revised TENDER AND TRITE. By th e Author of under the care of Messrs, Chamber s.—Also Part XXIV., " Clara Morison. " In 2 vols. fNow ready . Newrevised edition of Vol. I. (p) 'ice 5s.) just ready. price is. Lond on: Geobqe RotrTtE DaE , and Co., 2, Farrin gdon- stre et- ' ¦ . How complete , in 4 Vols., price 2?. 8s., handsomel y bound in YOTT iN G SIN QIETO JP. By TALBO T cloth, ' GE RALp MASSEY'S NEW VOLUME OF POEMS. GWYNNE, Author of¦ "Th¦ e School for Fathers ," &c 2 vols. . 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