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Cover Pursuits a Behind-The-Scenes Look at the Lengths Scientists Will Go to Get Their Research on the Cover of Science, Cell Or Nature FEATURES

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Cover Pursuits a Behind-The-Scenes Look at the Lengths Scientists Will Go to Get Their Research on the Cover of Science, Cell Or Nature FEATURES www.hhmi.org/bulletin When RNA Ruled || Women at the Bench || Obsessive Grooming || Fanning Heartburn’s Flame J U N E 2 0 0 2 Cover Pursuits A behind-the-scenes look at the lengths scientists will go to get their research on the cover of Science, Cell or Nature FEATURES 10 Cover Calculations 20 Accomplished Women To what lengths will scientists go to win The climb to the top is not easy, but a new group cover-story placement in scientific journals? of women is moving into the upper ranks of sci- By Marlene Cimons ence. They urge young faculty to aim high—just brace for the inevitable obstacles. 14 A World Apart By Kathryn Brown A group of scientists with mammoth imagina- tions and the best biotech tools is piecing togeth- 26 Peering Inside er a view of a prehistoric world where RNA the Black Box ruled. This seemingly esoteric pursuit is generat- Robert Tjian’s work on gene expression has ing modern-day approaches to fighting disease. revealed a DNA-reading machine run by metic- By Robert Kuska ulous commands. By Ingfei Chen 20 Erin Schuman, with daughter Charlotte at Caltech, says it's possible to be a good mom and keep the lab running. DEPARTMENTS 2 NOTA BENE 31 PERSPECTIVE Where AIDS and 2 LETTERS Conservation Intersect June 2002 || Volume 15 Number 2 HHMI TRUSTEES 3 PRESIDENT’S LETTER NEWS AND NOTES JAMES A. BAKER, III, ESQ. Senior Partner, Baker & Botts Perambulating the Bounds 32 Renowned Architect Will ALEXANDER G. BEARN, M.D. Design Janelia Farm Executive Officer, American Philosophical Society Adjunct Professor, The Rockefeller University UP FRONT Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College 33 Teens Track Elephant DNA FRANK WILLIAM GAY 4 Chimps Yield New Clues to Former President and Chief Executive Officer, SUMMA Corporation Origin of AIDS JAMES H. GILLIAM, JR., ESQ. 34 Prize on the Eyes Former Executive Vice President and General Counsel, 6 Making Science Matter in Beneficial Corporation 34 Reaching Out to Kids and HANNA H. GRAY, PH.D., C HAIRMAN Middle School President Emeritus and Harry Pratt Judson Distinguished Service Their Elders Professor of History, The University of Chicago 8 Science Goes to Summer Camp GARNETT L. KEITH Chairman, SeaBridge Investment Advisors, L.L.C. 35 Medical Student Aims Stem Former Vice Chairman and Chief Investment Officer, The Prudential 9 Teachers Cross the Great Divide Cells at Multiple Sclerosis Insurance Company of America JEREMY R. KNOWLES, D.PHIL. Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences and Amory Houghton 36 Gene Prevents Excessive Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Harvard University “Grooming”—at Least in Mice WILLIAM R. LUMMIS, ESQ. Former Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer, The Howard Hughes Corporation 37 HHMI Launches Bioethics ANNE M. TATLOCK Initiative Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Fiduciary Trust Company International 38 NAS Panel Tackles Data Sharing HHMI OFFICERS THOMAS R. CECH, PH.D., President PETER J. BRUNS, PH.D., Vice President for 38 New Grants Support Young Grants and Special Programs Scientists in Central Europe DAVID A. CLAYTON, PH.D., Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer STEPHEN M. COHEN, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 39 HHMI LAB BOOK JOAN S. LEONARD, ESQ., Vice President and General Counsel AVICE A. MEEHAN, Vice President for Communications and Public Affairs GERALD M. RUBIN, PH.D., Vice President and 43 INTERVIEW Director of Planning for Janelia Farm Rebuilding Dresden NESTOR V. SANTIAGO, Vice President and Chief Investment Officer 44 CLOSE-UP HHMI BULLETIN STAFF A Better Way to Treat CORI VANCHIERI, Editor 4 Heartburn JIM KEELEY, Science Editor JENNIFER DONOVAN, Education Editor PATRICIA FOSTER, Manager of Publishing 46 46 HANDS ON KIMBERLY BLANCHARD, Editorial Coordinator Models of Excitement ELIZABETH COWLEY, Copy Editor JAMES SCHNEPF (BOTTOM RIGHT) MAYA PINES, Contributing Editor 48 INSIDE HHMI LAURA BONETTA, fact checking A New Voice for HHMI STEVEN MARCUS, PETER TARR,LAURIE VAUGHAN, story editing KATHY SAVORY, copy editing 49 HHMI ONLINE DAVID HERBICK DESIGN, Publication Design Discovering Our Senses, Telephone (301) 215 8855 n Fax (301) 215 8863 n www.hhmi.org This Time in Spanish The Bulletin is published by the HHMI Office of Communications and Public Affairs. © 2002 Howard Hughes Medical Institute On the Cover: Cindy Smith, art director at Science, gives us a lesson in what goes into a good The opinions, beliefs and viewpoints expressed by authors in the HHMI Bulletin do not necessarily reflect the opinions, beliefs and viewpoints or cover. Photograph by D.A. Peterson official policies of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. TOM KELLER (LEFT), KARL AMMANN (TOP RIGHT), NOTA BENE LETTERS TO THE EDITOR the American Society of Hypertension’s Expand Bulletin Web site ■ Nancy C. Andrews, an hhmi investigator 2002 Richard Bright Award. I manage MiddleWeb, a large Web site dedi- at Children’s Hospital, Boston, received the cated to middle grades education. I’m also a 2002 E. Mead Johnson Award from the ■ Lee Niswander, an hhmi investigator at freelance education writer and receive the Society for Pediatric Research. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Bulletin every quarter. It’s a great publica- was named one of two winners of the first tion, and I often find articles that I can link ■ Randy L. Buckner, an hhmi investigator Harland Winfield Mossman Developmen- to MiddleWeb and promote through our at Washington University, St. Louis, tal Biologist Award given by the American weekly e-newsletter, which goes out to received the 2002 Young Investigator Award Association of Anatomists. about 5,000 middle grades educators. from the Cognitive Neuroscience Society. I was intrigued by “Building Interest in ■ Barbara A. Sawrey,vice-chair of the the Human Body” (December 2001, p. 30), ■ Neil M. Ferguson, an hhmi international Department of Chemistry and Biochem- which featured the program at Creighton research scholar at the Imperial College of istry and hhmi program codirector at the University for middle school teachers and Science, Technology and Medicine, Lon- University of California, San Diego, won students who learn to “build a human.” I don, England, was named an Officer of the the 2002 American Chemical Society was disappointed, though, when I found Order of the British Empire for his efforts Award for Encouraging Women into you had not included this article in your to help control the country’s epidemic of Careers in the Chemical Sciences. Web edition of the Bulletin. hoof-and-mouth disease. Could I prevail upon you to add it? If ■ Michael F. Summers, an hhmi investiga- you do, I’ll make it available to our audi- ■ Stephen J. Elledge, an hhmi investigator tor at the University of Maryland, Balti- ence. I know that many middle grades sci- at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, more County, received the American ence educators will enjoy reading it and Texas, received the 2002 National Academy Society for Microbiology’s 2002 William A. stealing ideas from it. of Sciences Award in Molecular Biology Hinton Research Training Award for fos- John Norton for his contributions to research in cell tering research training in microbiology Editor, MiddleWeb: Exploring cycle regulation. for underrepresented minorities. Middle Grades Reform www.middleweb.com ■ Sankar Ghosh, an hhmi investigator at ■ Roger Y. Tsien, an hhmi investigator at Little Switzerland, North Carolina Yale University School of Medicine, was the University of California, San Diego, named the 2002 American Association of received the 2002 American Chemical The Editors respond: Ask and ye shall Immunologists–PharMingen Investigator. Society’s Award for Creative Invention. It receive. Now you can download any article recognized the techniques he developed that appears in the Bulletin.Just go to ■ Maxwell G. Heiman, an hhmi predoctor- for studying cellular signaling. www.hhmi.org/bulletin, where you’ll find al fellow at the University of California, Web-friendly versions of the main feature sto- San Francisco, received a 2002 Harold M. ■ Jerry Waldvogel, an associate professor ries, along with any interactive pieces we’ve Weintraub Graduate Student Award for at Clemson University in South Carolina produced, such as the test for perfect pitch outstanding achievement in biological sci- and teacher in an hhmi-supported that accompanies the September 2001 story ences course work. The international undergraduate program there, won the “If You Can Name That Tone, Thank Your award is sponsored by the Basic Sciences 2002 Outstanding Undergraduate Science Parents—and Your Music Teacher.” Also, if Division of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Teacher Award from the Society for Col- you have Adobe Acrobat, you’ll be able to Research Center in Seattle. lege Science Teachers. download PDF versions of every article (just click “Download the Bulletin”) for use in the ■ H. Robert Horvitz and Stanley J. Korsmeyer, ■ John D. York, an hhmi investigator at classroom. PDFs are available for every issue hhmi investigators at the Massachusetts Duke University Medical Center, received published since the beginning of 2001. Institute of Technology and the Dana-Far- the 2002 Schering-Plough Scientific ber Cancer Institute, received the first annu- Achievement Award from the American al Wiley Prize in the Biomedical Sciences for Society for Biochemistry and Molecular their work in defining the genetic and Biology. molecular basis of programmed cell death. The prize is given by the Wiley Foundation. ■ William N. Zagotta, an hhmi investiga- Send your letters: Via e-mail to [email protected] or to Let- tor at the University of Washington School ters, Office of Communications, Howard Hughes Medical Insti- ■ tute, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789. Richard P. Lifton, an hhmi investigator of Medicine, won the 2002 Young Investi- Letters will be edited for space and clarity. Please include your at Yale University School of Medicine, won gator Award from the Biophysical Society.
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