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Nuclear Collisions Feel the Heat INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS COURIER VOLUME 41 NUMBER 8 OCTOBER 2001 Nuclear collisions feel the heat MEDICAL IMAGING SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI COMPUTING From the physics laboratory Element 116 alive and well How physicists plan to handle to the hospital ppl8 & 20 on the island of stability p25 lots of data rapidly p31 Babcock Noell Nuclear GmbH (BNN) has been developing, manufacturing and supplying superconducting magnets for the LHC particle accelerator in Geneva since 1990. In 1999, BNN was also contracted to manufacture 30 pre-series magnets of the latest design. Several prototypes and the first pre-series magnets have already been supplied and have fulfilled the expectations of the design in tests performed by CERN. From Winding to Cryostating Babcock Noell Nuclear GmbH has also proven its compe­ tence in the design and manufacture of the tools required for production. In addition to completing the dipoles for the LHC, Babcock Noell Nuclear GmbH has also been developing magnets and components for nuclear fusion experiments, e.g. the non-pla­ nar coils for Wendelstein 7-X. These are just a few reasons for you to give us a call. BABCOCK BORSIG POWERm SERVICE BABCOCK NOELL NUCLEAR GMBH Babcock Noell Nuclear GmbH • D-97064 Wurzburg • Germany +49.(0)931.903-6001 • Fax +49.(0)931.903-6010 • E-mail: [email protected] • Internet: www.babcockborsigpower.de CONTENTS Covering current developments in high- energy physics and related fields worldwide CERN Courier is distributed to Member State governments, institutes and laboratories affiliated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly except January and August, in English and French editions. The views expressed are not CERN necessarily those of the CERN management. Editor: Gordon Fraser CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail [email protected] Fax +41 (22) 782 1906 Web http://www.cerncourier.com COURIER News editor: James Gillies Volume 41 Numbers October 2001 Advisory Board: R Landua (Chairman), F Close, E Lillest0l, H Hoffmann, C Johnson, K Potter, PSphicas Laboratory correspondents: Argonne National Laboratory (USA): D Ayres Brookhaven, National Laboratory (USA): PYamin Cornell University (USA): D G Cassel DESY Laboratory (Germany): Ilka Flegel, PWaloschek Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (USA): Judy Jackson GSI Darmstadt (Germany): G Siegert INFN (Italy): A Pascofini IHEP, Beijing (China): Qi Nading Jefferson Laboratory (USA): S Corneliussen JINR Dubna (Russia): B Starchenko KEK National Laboratory (Japan): A Maki Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (USA): Christine Celata Antimatter microscopes pll Los Alamos National Laboratory (USA): C Hoffmann LHC insertion magnets p28 Dirac prize for John Hopfield p39 NIKHEF Laboratory (Netherlands): P Mulders Novosibirsk Institute (Russia): S Eidelman Orsay Laboratory (France): Anne-Marie Lutz News _5 PSI Laboratory (Switzerland): P-R Kettle Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK): Jacky Hutchinson Getting up to speed in the year AD 2. New double-ring design for Saclay Laboratory (France): Elisabeth Locci Chinese machine. Budapest conference. RHIC collision running at full IHEP, Serpukhov (Russia): Yu Ryabov Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (USA): M Riordan collision energy. CERN sells its internal transaction management TRIUMF Laboratory (Canada): M K Craddock software. Team produces stranger than strange nuclei. Asia Produced for CERN by Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd programme offers postgraduate grants. Accelerator prizes. I0P Publishing Ltd, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS16BE, UK Tel.+44 (0)117 929 7481 E-mail [email protected] Physicswatch 11 Web http://www.iop.org Head of magazines: Richard Roe Astrowatch 17 Sales manager: Justin Mafham Marketing manager: Tessa Edgecombe Art director: Andrew Giaquinto Features Production editor: Emily Saunders Technical illustrator: Alison Tovey Take a deep breath of nuclear spin 18 Advertising manager: Nicola Rylett Using polarized helium-3 for lung imaging Deputy advertising manager: Chris Thomas Recruitment sales: Debra Wills and Jayne Purdy Advertisement production: Katie Graham Biology research becomes crystal clear 20 Product manager: So-Mui Cheung New PET techniques for biology and drug research Advertising: Nicola Rylett, Chris Thomas, Debra Wills or Jayne Purdy Tel.+44 (0)117 930 1027 Looking back on the story of the space-time odyssey 22 E-mail [email protected] New centre for theoretical physics at Michigan Fax +44 (0)117 930 1178 General distribution: Jacques Dallemagne, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. E-mail [email protected] Second postcard from the island of stability 25 In certain countries, to request copies or to make address changes, Element 116 is alive and well contact: China: Chen Huaiwei, Institute of High-Energy Physics, P.O. Box 918, Beijing, People's Republic of China LHC insertions: the key to CERN's new accelerator 28 Germany: Gabriela Heessel or Veronika Werschner, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22603 Hamburg 52. E-mail [email protected] Making sure the particles collide in CERN's LHC Italy: Loredana Rum or Anna Pennacchietti, INFN, Casella Postale 56, 00044 Frascati, Roma United Kingdom: Su Lockley, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Close encounters with clusters of computers 31 Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X110QX. E-mail [email protected] Off-the-shelf PCs handle the most complex data USA/Canada: Janice Voss, Creative Mailing Services, P.O. Box 1147, St Charles, Illinois 60174. Tel. 630-377-1589. Fax 630-377-1569 Published by: European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CERN, Weighing the antiproton 35 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Tel. +41 (22) 767 6111 Making atoms with antiprotons Telefax +41 (22) 767 65 55 USA: Controlled Circulation Periodicals postage paid at St Charles, Illinois People/Products 39 Printed by: Warners (Midlands) pic, Bourne, Lincolnshire, UK Recruitment 44 © 2001CERN ISSN 0304-288X Bookshelf 52 Cover: A nucleus-nucleus collision as seen by PHENIX, one of the large experiments at Brookhaven's RHIC relativistic heavy ion collider, which is now operating at its full collision energy (p8). CERN Courier October 2001 3 >9lfa>1esar RESEARCH CHEMICALS, METALS AND MATERIALS The net Alfa Aesar Catalogue has arrived! Inorganics, Organomefallics, Organics, Pure Elements , Alloys, Precious Metal Compounds and Catalysts, I Analytical Fluxes, Ceramics, Labware, AA/ICP StaStandardi s and more. T? fa G©p\y sm\ Johnson Matthey • Postbox 11 0765 • D-76057 Karlsruhe, Germany Free Phone: 00800 4566 4566 • Free Fax: 00800 4577 4577 Email: [email protected] • www.alfa-chemcat.com Physical Electronics UHV Technologies Group TiTan™ Variable Element Ion Pumps VISION OF PHYMt Common Terminology Titan (tït'n) 1. The largest satellite of Saturn; 11th in distance from the 2. One of a family of giants who sought to rule heaven. Proper Vacuum Terminology TiTan (titanium/tantalum) 1. The first proven advancement in ion pump technology since the satellite Voyager flew by Saturns largest moon. Physical Electronics- Titanium is Pumping Speed 6509 Flying Cloud Drive Eden Prairie, MN 55344 Toll-free: 800-237-3603 Phone: 952-828-6100 Tantalum is Stability Fax: 952-828-6322 [email protected] www.phi.com TiTan™ is Value Enhanced image of Titan take from Voyager 1 in 1980, NEWS CERN Getting up to speed in the year AD 2 CERN's Antiproton Decelerator has been undergoing improvements. After coming into operation last year (CERN In its first incarnation in 1987 as a collector cooling system, adapted from that used for Courier September 2000 p9), CERN's of antiprotons, precoolingthe particles before CERN's LEAR low-energy antiproton ring, Antiproton Decelerator (AD) has got up to they passed to the accumulator ring for which closed in 1996. Electron cooling gives speed for physics this year. Changes to the AD CERN's proton-antiproton collider, it was the antiproton beam a final "cold shower" since its debut mean that the three experi­ designed to operate at fixed energy, so this after the initial stochastic cooling, keeping the ments - ASACUSA, ATHENA and ATRAP - now factor of 35 presented a big challenge. antiprotons tightly bunched at the lowest enjoy more intense antiproton beams. The AD team's design goal was to hang onto energies. Improvements have also been made The AD is a unique machine. Its job is to a quarter of the injected antiprotons through to the radiofrequency deceleration system. decelerate, not accelerate, antiparticle their vertiginous fall in energy, and to repeat This summer the AD succeeded in beams, and it has to handle energies that the deceleration cycle once a minute. Recent decelerating an injected antiproton beam decrease by an unprecedented factor of 35 AD improvements have put the team well on without losing a single precious particle. from the injection ceiling at 3.57 GeV to the the way to reaching this target. Meanwhile the three AD experiments are ejection floor at 100 MeV. One important new feature is in the electron getting to the heart of the antimatter (p35). NEW 2004 catalogue - request yours now on +44 (0)208 346 1999 or [email protected] CERN Courier October 2001 5 NEWS BEIJING New double-ring design for Chinese •"2 * * ^^^^^^ ijSf s^:::*-U&5fcA "-"""5 /ier/a/ wew of the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider complex at the Chinese Institute of High Energy Physics, showing the buildings that house the circular tunnel of the 240 m circumference collider ring (centre left) and its injector (centre right). The plan is to build a second ring adjacent to the first within the same housing. A second ring is now being planned for the high event rates and to reduce systematic of other laboratories in this physics underlines Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC) at errors.The Chinese funding agency approved its importance. the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP). these upgrades. To extend its physics potential and to be The precision measurements and successful Many recent physics results have more competitive, IHEP recently modified the completion of a run collecting 50 million J/psi underlined the importance of high-precision BEPC II design to a double ring.This signifi­ particles at BEPC, as well as the planned measurements.
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