2019 Annual Report

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

2019 Annual Report 2019 ANNUAL REPORT ACADEMY OF MODEL AERONAUTICS JANUARY 2020 Executive Summary Welcome to AMA’s first annual report. 2019 was a turbulent year with many ups and downs. Initially we faced challenges with 400-foot altitude limits, but through our advocacy work, members began securing the rights to fly as they have before. AMA stabilized three to four years of membership losses and entered 2020 with a balanced budget. Our partnerships are mutually impactful and will move the hobby forward to include work with the Air Force JRTOC, Horizon Hobby, and EAA. We also heard our members’ requests for clearer communication. We are finally starting to make strides in our communication efforts with a full communication audit and plan as well as new communication tools. Yet, as we ended the year, our hobby was thrown new challenges, most notably FAA’s proposed rule on Remote ID released on December 26. Rest assured, as we enter 2020, AMA will champion for our hobby against this deeply flawed rule. Thank you for your support and passion for this hobby. Together we will ensure that this great hobby can be enjoyed for many generations to come. AMA’s Mission The Academy of Model Aeronautics is a world-class association of modelers organized for the purpose of promotion, development, education, advancement, and safeguarding of modeling activities. The Academy provides leadership, organization, competition, communication, protection, representation, recognition, education, and scientific/technical development to modelers. 1 2 Table of Contents 3 Improve Membership Benefits and Retention 4 Improve Membership Acquisition 5 Increase Media Exposure 6 Grow STEAM Efforts 7 Improve Member Communications 9 Celebrate AMA’s Involvement on the 50th Anniversary of the Apollo Moon Landing 10 Promote and Grow Events 11 Increase Nats Attendance and Exposure 13 Advocate for the Hobby 15 Remote ID 17 Build Partnerships to Grow the Hobby 20 Increase the Museum’s Digital Presence 21 Continue to Grow the AMA Foundation 31 Establish a Balanced Budget 2 Goal: Improve Member Benefits and Retention Give Members More Access In 2019 members have more access to data, events, and information. Members will see that AMA retooled many of its online features. Pictured to the right is the improved event listing on www.modelaircraft.org, giving members immediate access to event details, driving directions, event websites, contact information, and club details. Save on Travel Members can now take advantage of AMA’s Affinity Travel Program $109.37 and can pay back their dues with just a few stays. Members simply sign into www.modelaircraft.org $190.00 and access the Affinity Travel link through the Members Only section. To the right is a comparison of a Holiday Inn in Denver for February $171.00 4-5, 2020*. This one night stay alone saves members nearly their entire membership dues for the year! $171.00 *rates effective 11/7/2019 and may not represent today’s rates as prices fluctuate daily. Improve Member Online Experience Members can more easily recover account and login information. AMA also launched an abandoned cart procedure to assist members in completing their application and an auto-renew option so members can easily maintain their membership. 3 4 Goal: Improve Membership Acquisition AMA successfully stopped a four-year decline in membership this year and maintained a steady month-by-month membership count. 200000 180000 160000 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 January February March April May June July August September October November December adult members youth members AMA Enrolls 12,000 New Adult Members AMA completely revised its marketing efforts to include an aggressive digital marketing campaign. The campaign successfully introduced thousands of new members to the AMA and AMA clubs. Approximately 87% of new members are in the adult or senior category. Other (Life, Affiliate, etc..) New Park Pilots 12% New Members New Seniors 88% Renewing Members New Adults 4 Goal: Increase Media Exposure AMA invited Nickelodeon’s hit TV show “Dude Perfect” to fly at AMA’s Richardson Radio Control Flying Club in Princeton, Texas (pictured above). AMA Youth member Rhett Lambert helped arrange the shoot and participated in the episode. The episode debuted May 1, 2019, as 720,000-plus viewers that night were introduced to the joy model aviation on Nickelodeon. 5 6 Goal: Grow STEAM Efforts To build upon AMA’s Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) programs, this year AMA was awarded a $100,000 grant from the Arconic Foundation - double 2018! Thanks to the Arconic Foundation and AMA donor support, AMA can continue to introduce youth the joys of avia- tion through STEAM curriculum and programs throughout the country. 6 Goal: Improve Member Communications Members are the heart and soul of our hobby. When our members, clubs, and special interest groups are empowered to be successful, the hobby and association will be successful. This year, AMA worked to improve our communications to our membership. Content Strategy AMA conducted an audit and established key performance indicators for all of our communication pieces to improve the effectiveness of our messaging. In addition, the strategy creates a methodology to better schedule and distribute content to members. 6 Million Emails Over the course of the year, members received 6-plus million emails with information about the hobby and association. Model Aviation Redesign Members received a complete new Model Aviation this year. The entire magazine was redesigned to provide members with better content, access to information, and an improved reading experience. AMA Podcasts and Live Streams Members participated in new media platforms to include the AMA Podcast hosted by Matt Ruddick. Tune in each week through your favorite podcast provider or at www.modelaircraft.org/podcast. Pictured to the left is a SIG leadership live stream to better communicate with our leaders and members. More Engaging Social Media AMA retooled its social media strategy to better engage our members. This year Facebook exceeded 62,000 followers, comments and messages are quickly responded to and posts are more strategically placed. 7 8 8 Goal: Celebrate AMA’s Involvement on the Apollo Moon Landing During the 50th Anniversary This is more than just a hobby. AMA celebrated the members who made the Apollo mission a success to include Bob Wells who designed the descent engine and Neil Armstrong who commanded the operation. All cited aeromodeling as the catalyst to their careers in aviation. 06 / 2019 BRINGING MODELERS TOGETHER $6.95 JUNE 2019 / VOL. 45 / NO. 06 45 / NO. VOL. JUNE 2019 / PAGE 18 / From Free Flight to Space Flight ModelAviation.com 9 10 Goal: Promote and Grow Events In addition to significant website upgrades for Contest Directors and Event Managers, AMA supported and promoted numerous events this year including these special 2019 events. Tournament of Champions AMA participated and promoted the 2019 Tournament of Champions reunion to include celebrating the event’s historic significance through the National Model Aviation Museum. National Association of Rocketry World Cup In addition to hosting the National Association of Rocketry World Cup at the International Aeromodeling Center, AMA and NAR leadership collaborated on advocacy efforts. FAI World Championships AMA helped facilitate numerous FAI events and championships across the globe in 2019 to include F3P, F3K, F3CN, F3A, F3B, F3D-F5D, F5J, F1E, and F1ABC. 10 Goal: Increase Nats Attendance and Exposure In 2019, AMA implemented a new and competitions to a new generation strategic effort to grow and promote of modelers. Topics included: Hunting the Nats to include more aggressive Thermals, Collective Pitch RC Helicopters, advertising and communication efforts to RC Pylon Callers, and Asymmetrical CL expose competition to new members. As Speed Design. These videos offer other a result, we successfully reversed a 10- members and hobbyists an inside peek into year decline in Nats participation with a the sport and diversity of our hobby. 9% growth, adding 66 more participants than last year! AMA also increased its electronic communication and promotion of Nats. In AMA dramatically ramped up its addition to our regular coverage in AMA communication and promotion of the 34- Air and AMA Today, we distributed 23 mass day event. AMA created 86 blog posts with emails, 4,934 Flickr photos, 51 Facebook event and daily updates totaling 61,189 posts, and 53 Instagram posts all reaching page views by 46,054 individuals. AMA over 100,000 eyeballs. coverage culminated with more than 20 pages in Model Aviation magazine. That’s To maintain this momentum, AMA invited great exposure to our hobby, disciplines, all the CDs and Special Interest Group and SIGs! leaders to AMA HQ (photo above). The goal of the day-long meeting was to AMA created 10 videos as we helped collaborate on new ideas to maintain explain and introduce our SIGs, disciplines, growth for Nats 2020. 11 12 802 23 COMPETITORS EMAILS 20 10 PAGES VIDEOS MODEL AVIATION 4,934 PHOTOS 86 BLOG POSTS 53 61,189 POSTS PAGE VIEWS* 46,054 POSTS51 UNIQUE VIEWS* * Data from May 29-August 31 12 Goal: Advocate for the Hobby LOCAL ADVOCACY 302 state-level bills were introduced in 2019 from 39 different states. AMA effectively tracked and engaged with every bill. As needed, AMA attended hearings, proposed amendments, or mobilized members to positively shape a bill. AMA IS SHAPING NATIONAL POLICY AMA championed in the 2018 FAA Reauthorization bill to mandate that community based organizations such as AMA have a leading role in shaping regulations. This year, AMA has successfully led efforts with industry-led roundtables, the Unmanned Aircraft Safety Team, the Drone Advisory Committee, and other policy efforts. ALTITUDE PROTECTIONS AMA successfully advocated and is obtaining altitudes above 400 AGL for our flying sites in both controlled and uncontrolled airspace.
Recommended publications
  • S-Algol Reference Manual Ron Morrison
    S-algol Reference Manual Ron Morrison University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland. KY16 9SS CS/79/1 1 Contents Chapter 1. Preface 2. Syntax Specification 3. Types and Type Rules 3.1 Universe of Discourse 3.2 Type Rules 4. Literals 4.1 Integer Literals 4.2 Real Literals 4.3 Boolean Literals 4.4 String Literals 4.5 Pixel Literals 4.6 File Literal 4.7 pntr Literal 5. Primitive Expressions and Operators 5.1 Boolean Expressions 5.2 Comparison Operators 5.3 Arithmetic Expressions 5.4 Arithmetic Precedence Rules 5.5 String Expressions 5.6 Picture Expressions 5.7 Pixel Expressions 5.8 Precedence Table 5.9 Other Expressions 6. Declarations 6.1 Identifiers 6.2 Variables, Constants and Declaration of Data Objects 6.3 Sequences 6.4 Brackets 6.5 Scope Rules 7. Clauses 7.1 Assignment Clause 7.2 if Clause 7.3 case Clause 7.4 repeat ... while ... do ... Clause 7.5 for Clause 7.6 abort Clause 8. Procedures 8.1 Declarations and Calls 8.2 Forward Declarations 2 9. Aggregates 9.1 Vectors 9.1.1 Creation of Vectors 9.1.2 upb and lwb 9.1.3 Indexing 9.1.4 Equality and Equivalence 9.2 Structures 9.2.1 Creation of Structures 9.2.2 Equality and Equivalence 9.2.3 Indexing 9.3 Images 9.3.1 Creation of Images 9.3.2 Indexing 9.3.3 Depth Selection 9.3.4 Equality and Equivalence 10. Input and Output 10.1 Input 10.2 Output 10.3 i.w, s.w and r.w 10.4 End of File 11.
    [Show full text]
  • Lecture Notes in Computer Science
    Orthogonal Persistence Revisited Alan Dearle, Graham N.C. Kirby and Ron Morrison School of Computer Science, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SX, Scotland {al, graham, ron}@cs.st-andrews.ac.uk Abstract. The social and economic importance of large bodies of programs and data that are potentially long-lived has attracted much attention in the commercial and research communities. Here we concentrate on a set of methodologies and technologies called persistent programming. In particular we review programming language support for the concept of orthogonal persistence, a technique for the uniform treatment of objects irrespective of their types or longevity. While research in persistent programming has become unfashionable, we show how the concept is beginning to appear as a major component of modern systems. We relate these attempts to the original principles of orthogonal persistence and give a few hints about how the concept may be utilised in the future. 1 Introduction The aim of persistent programming is to support the design, construction, maintenance and operation of long-lived, concurrently accessed and potentially large bodies of data and programs. When research into persistent programming began, persistent application systems were supported by disparate mechanisms, each based upon different philosophical assumptions and implementation technologies [1]. The mix of technologies typically included naming, type and binding schemes combined with different database systems, storage architectures and query languages. The incoherence in these technologies increased the cost both intellectually and mechanically of building persistent application systems. The complexity distracted the application builder from the task in hand to concentrate on mastering the multiplicity of programming systems, and the mappings amongst them, rather than the application being developed.
    [Show full text]
  • This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G
    This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: • This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. • A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. • This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. • The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. • When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL DATA MODELS FOR DATABASE DESIGN AND USE by KRISHNARAO GURURAO KULKARNI Ph. D. University of Edinburgh 1983 To my wife, Rama and daughter, Bhuvana Acknowledgements I am deeply indebted to my thesis supervisor, Dr. Malcolm Atkinson, for his constant guidance, help, and encouragement. for his highly incisive comments on the writing of this thesis, and for a host of other reasons. It is indeed a great pleasure to acknowledge his contribution. I am also greatly indebted to Dr. David Rees, who supervised me during the initial six months. His help and guidance during that time was invaluable. I am thankful to many of my friends In the Department for their kind advice from time to time. In particular, I would like to thank Paul Cockshott, Ken Chisholm, Pedro Hepp, Segun Owoso, George Ross, and Rob Procter for many useful discussions.
    [Show full text]
  • Napier88 Reference Manual Release 2.2.1
    Napier88 Reference Manual Release 2.2.1 July 1996 Ron Morrison Fred Brown* Richard Connor Quintin Cutts† Alan Dearle‡ Graham Kirby Dave Munro University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland. *Department of Computer Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia. †University of Glasgow, Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland. ‡University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. This document should be referenced as: “Napier88 Reference Manual (Release 2.2.1)”. University of St Andrews (1996). Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 5 2 CONTEXT FREE SYNTAX SPECIFICATION.......................................... 8 3 TYPES AND TYPE RULES ................................................................ 9 3.1 UNIVERSE OF DISCOURSE...............................................................................................9 3.2 THE TYPE ALGEBRA..................................................................................................... 10 3.2.1 Aliasing............................................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 Recursive Definitions............................................................................................. 10 3.2.3 Type Operators...................................................................................................... 11 3.2.4 Recursive Operators ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Conceptual Language for Querying Object Oriented Data
    A Conceptual Language for Querying Ob ject Oriented Data Peter J Barclay and Jessie B Kennedy Computer Studies Dept., Napier University 219 Colinton Road, Edinburgh EH14 1DJ Abstract. Avariety of languages have been prop osed for ob ject oriented database systems in order to provide facilities for ad hoc querying. How- ever, in order to mo del at the conceptual level, an ob ject oriented schema de nition language must itself provide facilities for describing the b ehaviour of data. This pap er demonstrates that with only mo dest extensions, sucha schema de nition language mayserve as a query notation. These extensions are concerned solely with supp orting the interactive nature of ad hoc query- ing, providing facilities for naming and displaying query op erations and their results. 1 Overview Section 2 reviews the background to this work; its ob jectives are outlined in section 3. Section 4 describ es NOODL constructs which are used to de ne behaviour within schemata, and section 5 examines how these may b e extended for interactive use. The resulting query notation is evaluated in section 6. Section 7 outlines some further work and section 8 concludes. 2 Background NOM (the Napier Ob ject Mo del) is a simple data mo del intended to allow ob ject oriented mo delling of data at a conceptual level; it was rst presented in [BK91] and is describ ed fully in [Bar93]. NOM has b een used to mo del [BK92a] and to supp ort the implementation [BFK92] of novel database applications, and also for the investigation of sp eci c mo delling issues such as declarativeintegrity constraints and activeness [BK92b] and the incorp oration of views [BK93] in ob ject oriented data mo dels.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementation of Distributed Orthogonal Persistence Using
    Þs-9.15 Implementation of Distributed Orthogonal Persistence llsing Virtual Memory Francis Vaughan Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The University of Adelaide (Faculty of Mathematical and Computer Sciences) December 1994 ,Au,***ol.eJ \ qq 5 Abstract Persistent object systems greatly simplify programming tasks, since they hide the traditional distinction between short-term and long-term storage from the applications programmer. As a result, the programmer can operate at a level of abstraction in which short-term and long-term data are treated uniformly. In the past most persistent systems have been constructed above conventional operating systems and have not supported any form of distributed programming paradigm. In this thesis we explore the implementation of orthogonally persistent systems that make direct use of fhe attributes of paged virtual memory found in the majority of conventional computing platforms. These attributes are exploited to support object movement for persistent storage to addressable memory, to aid in garbage collection, to provide the illusion of larger storage spaces than the underlying architecture allows, and to provide distribution of the persistent system. The thesis further explores the different models of distribution, notably a one world model in which a single persistent space exists, and a federated one in which many co- operating spaces exist. It explores communication mechanisms between federated spaces and the problems of maintaining consistency between separate persistent spaces in a manner which ensures both a reliable and resilient computational environment. In particular characterising the interdependencies using vector clocks and the manner in which vector time can be used to provide a complete mechanism for ensuring reliable and resilient computation.
    [Show full text]
  • Semantic Integrity for Persistent Objects 1 Introduction
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository@Napier Semantic Integrity for Persistent Ob jects Peter J Barclayand Jessie B Kennedy Napier Polytechnic, Craiglo ckhart Campus 219 Colinton Road, Edinburgh EH14 1DJ e-mail: [email protected] and [email protected] Abstract Mo delling constructs for sp ecifying semantic integrity are reviewed, and their implicit execution semantics discussed. An integrity mainte- nance mo del based on these constructs is presented. An implementa- tion of this mo del in a p ersistent programming language is describ ed, allowing exible automated dynamic integrity management for appli- cations up dating a p ersistent store; this implementation is based on an event-driven architecture. p ersistent programming, conceptual mo delling, semantic integrity, active ob ject-oriented databases, co de generation 1 Intro duction Napier88 [MBCD89 ], [DCBM89 ] is a high-level, strongly-typ ed, blo ck struc- tured programming language with orthogonal p ersistence [Co c82 ]; that is, ob jects of anytyp e created by programs can outlive the execution of the pro- gram which created them. Persistentobjectscanbereusedinatyp e-secure wayby subsequent executions of the same program, or by other programs. Persistent languages are well-suited to the construction of data-intensive applications [Co o90 ]; programs are written to manipulate data, and the in- built (and transparent) p ersistence mechanism provides for its storage and retrieval. This article describ es an integrity management system (IMS) written in Napier88; this forms part of a larger system which supp orts the development of p ersistent application systems [BK92 ].
    [Show full text]
  • RYAN MURPHY and DAVID MILLER the Couple Has Made an Extraordinary $10 Million Donation in Honor of Their Son, Who Was Treated for Cancer at CHLA
    imagineFALL 2018 RYAN MURPHY AND DAVID MILLER The couple has made an extraordinary $10 million donation in honor of their son, who was treated for cancer at CHLA. ABOUT US The mission of Children’s Hospital Los Angeles is to create hope and build healthier futures. Founded in 1901, CHLA is the top-ranked pediatric hospital in California and among the top 10 in the nation, according to the prestigious U.S. News & World Report Honor Roll of children’s hospitals for 2018-19. The hospital is home to The Saban Research Institute and is one of the few freestanding pediatric hospitals where scientific inquiry is combined with clinical care devoted exclusively to children. Children’s Hospital Los Angeles is a premier teaching hospital and has been affiliated with the Keck School of Medicine of USC since 1932. Ford Miller Murphy TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 A Letter From the President and Chief Executive Officer 3 A Message From the Chief Development Officer 4 Grateful Parents Ryan Murphy and David Miller Give $10 Million to CHLA 8 The Armenian Ambassadors Working Together to Support Children’s Health Care 10 Shaving the Way to a Cure St. Baldrick’s Foundation 12 A Miracle in May Costco Wholesale 14 Sophia Scano Fitzmaurice Changing the Future for Children and Adults With a Rare Blood Disease 15 Good News! Charitable Gift Annuity Rates Have Increased 16 Anonymous Donation Funds Emergency Department Expansion 16 Upcoming Events 17 In Memoriam 18 CHLA Happenings Ford Miller Murphy 21 The Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Gala: From Paris With Love 25 Walk and Play L.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Napier88 – a Database Programming Language?
    This paper should be referenced as: Dearle, A., Connor, R.C.H., Brown, A.L. & Morrison, R. “Napier88 - A Database Programming Language?”. In Proc. 2nd International Workshop on Database Programming Languages, Salishan, Oregon (1989) pp 179-195. Napier88 – A Database Programming Language? Alan Dearle, Richard Connor, Fred Brown & Ron Morrison al%uk.ac.st-and.cs@ukc richard%uk.ac.st-and.cs@ukc ab%uk.ac.st-and.cs@ukc ron%uk.ac.st-and.cs@ukc Department of Computational Science University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews Scotland KY16 9SS. Abstract This is a description of the Napier88 type system based on "A Framework for Comparing Type Systems for Database Programming Languages" by Albano et al. 1 Introduction This is a description of the Napier88 type system based on "A Framework for Comparing Type Systems for Database Programming Languages" [ADG89]. Napier88 is designed to be a general purpose persistent programming language. The authors envisage the language to be used to construct large, integrated computer systems such as CAD, CASE, hypermedia, database and Office Integration systems. Such systems have the following requirements in common which are met by the Napier88 programming language: 1. the need to support large amounts of dynamically changing, structured data, and, 2. the need for sophisticated MMI. In order to meet these demands an integrated environment is needed which will support all of the application builders' requirements. For comparison, it is useful to distinguish between Database Programming languages and Persistent Programming Languages. Database programming languages are not necessarily computationally complete. They often require the use of other ‘conventional’ programming languages [CL88].
    [Show full text]
  • A Report of the ACM Curriculum Committee on Computer Education for Management
    ACM Recommended Curricula for Computer Science and Information Processing Programs in Colleges and Universities, 1968-1981 Compiled by the Committees on Computer Curricula of the ACM Education Board Association for Computing Machinery acm Association for Computing Machinery 1133 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10036 Price: ACM Members: $15.00 Non-members: $20.00 Copies may be ordered, prepaid, from: ACM Order Department P.O. Box 64145 Baltimore, MD 21264 Use order #201813 Copyright ©1981 by the Association for Computing Machinery ISBN: 0-89791-058-3 CONTENTS Page Curriculum 68: Recommendations for Academic Programs in Computer Science 1 Curriculum Recommendations for Graduate Professional Programs in Information Systems 49 A Computer Science Course Program for Small Colleges 85 Curriculum Recommendations for Undergraduate Programs in Information Systems 95 Curriculum 78: Recommendations for the Undergraduate Program in Computer Science 119 Recommendations for Master's Level Programs in Computer Science 139 Educational Programs in Information Systems 149 Recommendations and Guidelines for an Associate Level Degree Program in Computer Programming 159 PREFACE When we enter the twenty-first century, computers This volume includes all the curricula published as of will have influenced our lives more than any other tech- June 1981, plus the final version of the "Curriculum on nology known to civilization. The need for knowledge Computer Programming for Community and Junior Col- about computers, computer technology, and the theoretical leges" which appeared in draft version in the June 1977 aspects of computers has grown exponentially. Since its SIGCSE Bulletin. These curricula are printed in order of founding in 1947, the Association for Computing Machinery publication dates.
    [Show full text]
  • The Production and Evaluation of Three Computer-Based Economics Games for the Sixth Grade. Final Report
    REPORT RESUMES ED 011 227 24 EM 003 451 THE PRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF THREECOMPUTER-BASED ECONOMICS GAMES FOR THE SIXTH GRADE. FINAL REPORT. BY- WING, RICHARD L. AND OTHERS WESTCHESTER COUNTY BOARD OF COOP. EDUC.SERVICES REPORT NUMBER CRP-2841 PUB DATE JUN 67 REPORT NUMBER BP5-.0320 GRANT OEG5-.10-203 EDRS PRICE MF-$0.75 HC -$7.72 191P. DESCRIPTORS- GAMES: *GRADE 6, *ECONOMICS, *COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION, INDIVIDUAL INSTRUCTION, *SIMULATED ENVIRONMENT, CONVENTIONAL INSTRUCTION, RETENTION, *ACHIEVEMENT GAINS, INTELLIGENCE FACTORS, TIME FACTORS (LEARNING), IBM 7090 COMPUTER, IBM 1401 COMPUTER, IBM 1050 TERMINALS, FORTRAN THE PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENT WAS TO PRODUCE AND EVALUATE 3 COMMUTER .-BASED ECONOMICS GAMES AS A METHOD OF INDIVIDUALIZING INSTRUCTION FOR GRADE 6 STUDENTS. 26 EXPERIMENTAL SUBJECTS PLAYED 2 ECONOMICS GAMES, WHILE A CONTROL GROUP RECEIVED CONVENTIONAL INSTRUCTION ON SIMILAR MATERIAL. IN THE SUMERIAN GAME, STUDENTS SEATED AT THE TYPEWRITER TERMINALS PRETENDED TO BE PRIEST- RULERS IN ANCIENT SUMER. IN THE SIERRA LEONE GAME, THE STUDENT PLAYED AN A.I.D. OFFICER. THE THIRD GAME, FREE ENTERPRISE, HAS SEEN COMPLETED BUT NOT TESTED. F.ESULTS OBTAINED BY OBSERVATION, INTERVIEW, FRE-. AND FOSTTESTING OF STUDENTS SHOWED THAT (1) GRADE 6 STUDENTS ARE TECHNICALLY ABLE TO PLAY COMPUTER -BASED ECONOMICS GAMES,(2) THE GAMES WERE AT LEAST AS EFFECTIVE AS CONVENTIONAL INSTRUCTION,(3) THE CONTROL GROUP RETAINED AN UNDERSTANDING OF ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES LONGER THAN THE EXPERIMENTALS, (4) THE AVERAGE EXPERIMENTAL TIME WAS ABOUT HALF THE CONTROL LEARNING TIME,(5) STUDENTS WITH HIGHER INTELLIGENCE AND READING ABILITY GAINED MORE FROM THE GAMES, (6) STUDENTS SPENDING THE LEAST TIME AT THE CONFUTER MADE THE GREATEST GAINS, (7) STUDENT INTEREST WAS HIGH.
    [Show full text]
  • St Andrews Algol to Javascript Compiler Project
    St Andrews Algol to Javascript compiler project William Trend March 2016 1 Abstract This document describes the implementation of a compiler that accepts St Andrews Algol (S-algol) programs and produces analogous Javascript programs. It describes the implementation of a lexer, a parser, static analysis stages and code generation for such a compiler. It also provides an examination of the development in computer language design since 1979. Declaration I declare that the material submitted for assessment is my own work except where credit is explicitly given to others by citation or acknowledgement. This work was performed during the current academic year except where otherwise stated. The main text of this project report is 13,759 words long, including project specification and plan. In submitting this project report to the University of St Andrews, I give permission for it to be made available for use in accordance with the regulations of the University Library. I also give permission for the title and abstract to be published and for copies of the report to be made and supplied at cost to any bona fide library or research worker, and to be made available on the World Wide Web. I retain the copyright in this work. 2 Contents 1 Introduction 5 2 Context survey 6 2.1 Historical Significance of S-algol . .6 2.2 Javascript as a Tool for Preservation . .7 2.3 Language specification . .8 3 Requirements specification 9 4 Software engineering process 11 4.1 Tool Usage . 11 5 Design 12 5.1 Recursive descent . 12 5.2 Single Pass vs Multi Pass .
    [Show full text]