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Regional Divisions of India a Cartographic Analysis, Vol-XXI, Series-1, Sikkim

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CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 REGIONAL DIVISIONS OF INDIA ·A CARTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OCCASIONAL PAPERS SERIES · 1 VOLUME· XXI SIKKIM Planning & Supervision Dr. R.P.SINGH Assistant Registrar General ( Map) General Direction & Editing J.K. BANTHIA Of the fndian AdministratIVe Service Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India 2A Mansigh Road, New Delhi FOREWORD "Regional Divisions of India - A Cartographic Analysis", of each State and Union 'f-erritory V.olume,1991 is undertaken by the Map Division of this office. The project is in cont~ua:tion of a similar 'Occasional Paper' published during the 1981 Census. In this study, regions are deline~ted at macro, messo, micro and sub-micro level in each state/union territory... · While delineating such regions, the physio-geographic factors are taken into • #. • account:.. These physio-geographic factors consist of (i) Physiography; (ii) Geological . , ~ . structure;. (iii) Forest coverage; (iv) Climatic conditions and (v) Soils. The sub-micro regions ar~ delirieated within the distriet 'keeping in view the above physio-geographic factors.. The .. regioilal ~undaries delineated earlier at different levels are retained as such. However, the . ' jui-i~icti(:mal changes at the district level during 1981-91 we~e .added in the respective regiops. .A few more t~bles and maps on educational level of primary and secondary schools ~d availabilit;._ of medical facilities. at the villages, have been appended in this volume. , This publicatiori consists of three parts. Part I contains the brief introductory note on R~gional Divisions of'India along with a map of India showing the regional boundaries at . .' micro.. level.'._. This ·Part. is colnmo.n for all the States .and Union territories Volume. Part II deals . " . ~ wit~ the d~scription of Regional Divisions of each State and Union territory. In this section. there are nearly 21 maps related to different themes e.g. density, sex ratio, growth of population, workers, -literacy and the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes. These maps are prepared at the sub-micro level. Part III is mainly devoted to presentation of data and ~aps of the districts. The districts are divided into sub-micro regions of the fourth order and bfief analysis of each of these sub-micro regions is written and supported by tables relat'mg to the main demographic theme of the districts. " This project is executed under the technical supervision of Dr. R.P. Singh, Assistant , Registrar General (Map) and other officers and staff of the Map Division of this office and Directorates of Census Operations of StateslUnion territories. The officers and the staff associated with this project are .acknowledged separately. An effort is made to publish this , . volu.~e on Compact Discs also ,for the convenience of the users: I hope this publication will be useful for "administrators, geographers, demographers and others mterested in different '.. fieiCis population study,· . ' of . "', . \ '.' NewDelhi ' . Dated': 30.1.2001 J.K. Banthia Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India PREFACE The Regional Divisions of India 1991 - A Cartographic AnalysiS of slate volume was brought out for the first time on the basis of 1981 Census. Considering the utility of this publication for planners, research scbol~ government and semi-government agencies who are actively involved in'the preparation of developmental plans at micro levels, it is very essential to update the publication by adding data and maps on the various aspects of population. The present publication is a prestigious project under-taken in continuation of the earlier project of 1981. The regionalisation of the country as well as of Sikkim is based on physio­ geographical characteristics. The village (Revenue Block and Forest Block) is taken as a basic unit of demarcation while delineating the sub-micro region. The regional divisions are in the order of macro, meso, micro and sub-micro levels. I am deeply indebted to Shri H. S. P. Gupta, Sr. Draughtsman and Shri Santosh Das, Draughtsman who have done all the hard work from data compilation to map preparation, to give shape to this volume. The analysis of maps and data presented in the volume were done by Shri Lakpa Tamang, Investigator while editing was done by Shri R. K. Ram, Deputy Director. Their contribution is acknowledged. I am also thankful to Shri Alok Kumar, Asstt. Compiler who neatly typed the camera ready copy on computer. I record my gratitude to Shri J. K. Banthia, Registrar General, India for affording the necessary advice at every stage of work to bring out this publication. I am also thankful to Shri R. P. Singh, ARG (Map) for his valuable comments for improving the quality of this publication. Place: Gangtok (P. G. TENZING) Date: 09.10.2001 Director of Census Operations, Sikkim (v) REGIONAL DIVISIONS - SIKKIM Technical staff of RGI Headquarters and Directorate of Census operations Sikkim associated with the Project Planning & Supervision Dr. R. P. Singh Asstt. Registrar General (Map) Progress & Monitoring Shri R. N. Chhipa Research Officer (Map) Shri R. K. Chourajit Singh (upto 31.08.2001) Research Officer (Map) Computer mapping and other computerised Shri Pooran Singh, Senior Geographer work Shri Dinesh, D/Man Shri Ani! B. Dhengle, Sr. D/Man Cover Design Shri Mohd. Ishaque Sr. Drawing Asstt. Secretariat Shri A. K. Jain, P. A. Shri P. K. Ajmani, P. A. Drafting, Supervision and Editing Shri R. K. Ram, Deputy Director Shri Lakpa Tamang, Investigator Data compilation and cartographic works Shri H. S. PI Gupta, Sr. D/Man Shri Santosh Das, D/Man Typing Work Shri Alok Kumar, Asstt. Compiler (vii) CONTENTS Pat,.e No. Foreword (iii) Preface (v) Technical staff of RGI Headquarters amI Direcorate of Census (vii) Operations Sillkim associated with the Project (Regional Divisions- Sikkim) PART-I REGIONAL DIVISIONS OF INDIA - A CARTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS Regional Divisions of India - A Cartographic Analysis - General Note 3-6 Uricf Characteristics of Regional Divisions 7-16 Regional Divisions of India 19-27 PART-ll REGIONAL DIViSIONS OF SIKKlM Regional Divisions of Sikkim - A Cartographic Analysis - General Note 31-37 Rcgional Divisions of Sikkim 3H-39 GENERAL MAPS. Position of Sikkim in India, 1991 43 Administrative Divisions, 1991 45 Relief and Drainage 47 Soil 49 Distribution of Population 1991 51 Growth of Population 1981- 91 (sub-micro level) 52-53 Density of Population 1991 (sub-micro level) 54-55 Variation in density of population 1981- 91 (sub-micro level) 56-57 Rural density of population 1991 (sub-micro level) 58-59 Variation in rural density of population 1981-91 (sub-micro level) 60-61 Sex ratio 1991 (sub-micro level) 62-63 Main workers 1991 (sub-micro level) 64-65 Literacy 1991 (sub-micro level) 66-67 Scheduled castes 1991 (sub-micro level) 68-69 Scheduled tribes 1991 (sub-micro level) 70-71 Proportion of villages without primary schools 1991 (sub-micro level) 72-73 Proportion of villages with high/higher secondary schools 1991 (sub-micro level) 74-75 Proportion of villages with medical facilities 1991 (sub-micro level) 76-77 Proportion of villages having medical facilities within distance of 5 kms 1991 (sub-micro level) 78-79 .(ix) PART-III REGIONAL DIVISIONS OF DISTRICTS 01. NORTH DISTRICT (i) Regional Divisions 83-84 (ii) Data on Regional Divisions 86-87 (iii) Region-wise village codes 1991 89 (iv) Statement on Region-wise Physio-cultural details 90-91 02. EAST DISTRICT (i) Regional Vivisions 93-94 (ii) Data on Regional Divisions 96-·}7 (iii) Region-wise village codes 1991 99 , (iv) Statement on Region-wise Physio-cultural details 100-102 03. SOUTH DISTRICf (i) Regional Divisions 103-104 (ii) Data on Regional Divisions 106-107 (iii) Region-wise village codes 1991 109 (iv) Statement on Region-wise Physio-cultural details 110-112 04. WEST DISTRICT <i) Regional Divisions 113 (ii) Data on Regional Divisions 114-115 (iii) Region-wise village codes 1991 117 (iv) Statement on Region-wise Physio-cultural lletails IJH-119 123 (x) PART -I REGIONAL DIVISIONS OF INDIA REGIONAL DIVISIONS OF INDIA-A CARTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS GENERAL NOTE Region is a complex phenomenon which varies according to purposes but must have homogeneous 2 characteristics. To delineate a region in a country ~ike India with an area of 3287,263 Km , extending between latitudes of 80 4' 28" and 37'l17' 53" North and longitudes of 68° 7' 53" and 97'l 24' 47" East and having a great range of geographic variations is a gigantic task. In the changed scenario of planning where emphasis is being laid on grassroot level planning, the delineation of sub-micro region having village as unit, is significant. For carving out such natural regions, the following considerations, inter-alia, are to be kept in view: (i) Contiguous geographical area; Oi) Homogeneous administrative machinery capable of formulating and implementing integrated area plans; Qii) Reliable statistical data base; (IV) Existence of nodal regions; and (v) Amenability of the natural boundaries to marginal adjustments so that the former, by and large, conform to administrative boundaries at given points oftime. In India, district is a defined administrative unit which is planning unit also. The district boundaries ao coincide with regional boundaries and have reliable statistical data base. Hence, district has been taken as a, basic unit of delineation. A number of scholars have delineated the natural regions of the country which was mainly based on physical factors. Accordingly they divided the country into traditional regions of mountains, plateaus and plains. In Census of India, A. Mitra and late P. Sengupta attempted the regionalisation ofthe country taking into consideration district as basic unit of data presentation but they have not taken into consideration the intra-district variations. Hence this study was undertaken during 1981 to delineate sub-micro region in each district based on physio-geographical characteristics.
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  • Land Environment - Geophysical Environment

    Land Environment - Geophysical Environment

    PARTICIPATING INSTITUTIONS • Centre for Inter-disciplinary Studies of Mountain & Hill Environment, University of Delhi, Delhi • Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi • Centre for Himalayan Studies, University of North Bengal, Distt. Darjeeling • Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, Distt. Darjeeling • Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatti, Coimbatore • Water and Power Consultancy Services (India) Ltd., Gurgaon, Haryana • Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Sikkim Government College, Gangtok VOLUMES INDEX* Volume – I INTRODUCTORY VOLUME Volume – II LAND ENVIRONMENT - GEOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Volume – III LAND ENVIRONMENT - SOIL Volume – IV WATER ENVIRONMENT Volume – V AIR ENVIRONMENT Volume – VI BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT TERRESTRIAL AND AQUATIC RESOURCES Volume – VII BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT - FAUNAL ELEMENTS Volume – VIII BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT - FOOD RESOURCES Volume – IX SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Volume – X SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS *For Volume-wise Detailed Index – Refer to the end of the report CONTENTS Page No. CHAPTER 1 GEOLOGY AND SEISMICITY 1.1 GEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK 1 1.1.1 Sub-Himalayan Domain 3 1.1.2 The Lesser Himalayan Domain 3 1.1.3 Higher Himalayan Domain 3 1.1.4 The Tethyan Belt 3 1.2 STRATIGRAPHY 4 1.3 STRUCTURE, TECTONICS AND METAMORPHISM 8 1.3.1 The Rangit Tectonic Window 10 1.3.2 The Main Central Thrust Zone 11 1.3.3 Movement along the structural planes 15 1.4 GEOMORPHOLOGY