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Sikkim in Brief 2005

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Sikkim in Brief 2005 SIKKIM IN BRIEF 2005 Department of Economics, Statistics, Monitoring & Evaluation Government of Sikkim Church Road Gangtok – 737101 CONTENTS PAGES Sl.No. Chapters Page No. 1 Figures at a Glance 1-2 2 Physical Features 3-9 3 Area & Population 10-14 4 Indicators of State Economy 15-18 5 Vital Statistics 19 6 Price Statistics 20 7 Animal Husbandry, Livestock, Fisheries & Veterinary Services 20-21 8 Cooperation 21 9 Ecclesiastical Affairs 22 10 Energy & Power 23 11 Food Security & Agriculture Development 24 12 Forest Environment & Wildlife Management 25-28 13 Planning & Finance 29-30 14 Health Care, Human Services & Family Welfare 31-33 15 Horticulture & Cash Crops Development 33-34 16 Human Resource Development 34-36 17 Commerce & Industries 37 18 Roads & Bridges 37-38 19 Sikkim Police 39 20 Social Justice, Empowerment & Welfare 40-42 21 Tourism 43-44 FIGURES AT A GLANCE SIKKIM VIS-À-VIS INDIA Sl. ITEMS UNIT SIKKIM INDIA REFEREN No CE YEAR 1 Area Sq.Km 7096 3287263 2005 2 Urbanisation % 11.10 27.80 2001 Census 3 Districts No. 4 593 2001 Census 4 Sub-Districts/ No. 9 5470 2001 Census Divisions 5 Villages/ Revenue No. 453 638588 2001 Census Blocks 6 No. of Towns No. 9 5161 2001 Census 7 Total Households No. 114223 193579954 2001 Census 8 Average No. 4.7 5.3 2001 Census Household Size 9 Per Capita Outlay Rs. 463 (2nd Highest 27 2002-03 on Housing among States POPULATION 10 Total No. 540851 102861032 2001 Census 8 11 Male No. 288484 532156772 2001 Census 12 Female No. 252367 496453556 2001 Census 13 SC % 5.0 16.2 2001 Census 14 ST % 20.6 8.2 2001 Census 15 Main Workers % 39.31 30.54 2001 Census 16 Per-Capita GSDP Rs. 23786 23492 2003-04 (Q) at Current Prices 17 People Below % 36.55 26.10 1999-2000 Poverty Line 18 Human No. 0.532 0.602 1998 (Skm) Development 2005 (Ind) Index 19 Per Capita Outlay Rs. 296 (2nd 11969 2002-03 on Health Highest among States) 1 Sl. ITEMS UNIT SIKKIM INDIA REFEREN No CE YEAR 20 Crude Birth Rate Per 21.9 24.8 2003 '000 21 Crude Death Rate Per 5.0 8.0 2003 '000 22 Natural Growth Per 16.9 16.8 2003 Rate '000 23 Infant Mortality Per 33 60 2003 Rate '000 24 Neo Natal Per 26.3 43.4 98-99 Mortality Rate '000 25 Post Neo Natal Per 17.6 24.2 98-99 Mortality Rate '000 26 Under 5 Mortality Per 71.0 94.9 98-99 Rate '000 27 Total Fertility Per 2.75 2.85 98-99 Rate '000 28 Doctor per No. 2504 1800 2004-05 Population 29 Population Bed No. 530 1451 2004-05 Ratio 30 Couple Protection No. 21.5 46.2 2002 Rate 31 Literacy Rate % 68.8 64.8 2001 Census 32 Per Capita Outlay Rs. 1288 65 2002-03 on Education 33 Teacher -Pupil No. 1 : 18 1 : 34 2004-05, Ratio 2002 34 Per Capita Forest Hectar 0.61 0.08 2003 Cover es 35 Plants per Sq.Km No. 0.7 0.009 2005 36 Green Protection No. 0.903 (1st in 0.425 2005 Index India) Sources: (i) Census of India 2001-final population totals, (ii) Planning Commission, (iii) NFHS, (iv) Annual Report - HC, HS & FW (v) Inter - State Indicators, GOK (vi) Forest Survey of India (vii) Carrying capacity - Teesta River bas 2 PHYSICAL FEATURES A brief note on physical features of Sikkim Sikkim is a very small hilly State in the Eastern Himalayas with a rich biodiversity and formidable Physical Features. It is bounded by vast stretches of Tibetan Plateaus in the North, the Chumbi Valley of Tibet and the Kingdom of Bhutan in the East, the Kingdom of Nepal in the West and Darjeeling District of West Bengal in the South. The State of Sikkim has a total area of only 7096 sq km. and is stretched over 112 kms from North to South and 64 kms from East to West. It lies in the North – Eastern Himalayas between 27º 00’46” to 28º 07’48” North Latitude and 88º 00’58” to 88º 55’25” East Longitude. The State receives an Annual Rainfall of 2000mm to 4000mm. Tista & Rangit, which originates respectively, from Cholamu Lake and Rathong Glacier, are the two major rivers of the State. SIKKIM: PROFILE OF LAND ELEVATION Type of Land: Level of Elevation. Lower Hills: Altitude ranging from 270 to 1500 mtrs. Mid Hills: Altitude ranging from 1500 mtrs. to 2000 mtrs. Higher Hills: Altitude ranging from 2000 mtrs. to 3000 mtrs. Alpine Zone: Altitude above 3900 mtrs. With vegetation. Snow Bound Land: Very High Mountains without vegetation and with Perpetual Snow cover upto 8580 mtrs. 3 SIKKIM: BRIEF CHARACTERSTICS OF SOIL Texture: Loamy sand to silty clay loam. Depth: From few inches and in some places practically nil several feet deep depending upon the weathering processes it underwent. Soil Reaction: All acidic, having PH ranging from 4.3 to 6.4 with mean value 5.37. Organic Matter Content : High, between 0.36% to 5.61% with mean value 2.74%. Available Nitrogen: 10-280 p.p.m. with mean value 99.21 p.p.m. Available phosphorous: 4.0-175 p.p.m. with mean value 46.87 p.p.m. Available Potash: 45 to 490 p.p.m. with mean value 184.71 p.p.m. Lime Requirement: Most between 2.0 tonnes per acre but varies from 0 to 16 tonnes per acre. Source: Agriculture Department (Soil), Government of Sikkim. 4 IMPORTANT MOUNTAINS OF SIKKIM Sl.No. Name Of Mountain District Height(Ft) 1 Mt.Kanchendzonga West 28208 2 Mt.Kabru West 24215 3 Mt.Talung North 24200 4 Mt.Siniolchu West 22600 5 Mt.Simvo West 22476 6 Mt.Pandim West 22100 7 Mt.Rathong West 22100 8 Mt. Paunhri East 22000 9 Mt.Kokthang West 20162 10 Mt.Lamaongden East 19366 11 Mt.Masunyange East 19300 * Khang - chen- Dzondga is the 3rd Highest Mountain of the world. PEAKS AND PASSES OF SIKKIM Comme Running From ncing from Talung- Sepera- Height from Kanch- chu ting in Ft. South to enjunga Zemu Lachen Other Total East Seperating Rangit Lachung from Talungchu 9000-12000 3 - - 2 - 5 12001-15000 11 - - 1 - 12 15001-18000 11 1 1 1 2 16 18001-21000 2 1 1 - 1 5 21001-24000 4 1 1 - 1 7 24001-27000 1 - - - - 1 27001 & above 1 - - - - 1 State 33 3 3 4 4 47 Source: Sikkim at a Glance 2001 5 IMPORTANT PASSES WITH THEIR ALTITUDE Sl.No. PASSES LOCATION ALTITUDE (in ft.) 1 Nathu-La East 14,400 2 Jelep-La East 14,500 3 Batang-La East 13,000 4 Cho-La East - 5 Chiwabhanjang West 10,300 6 Chorten Nyima-La West 19,000 7 Kongra-La West - 8 Lungma-La West - 9 Donkia-La West 18400 IMPORTANT RANGES 1 Singalila Range Separates Sikkim from Nepal in the West 2 Chola Range Separates Sikkim from Tibet and Bhutan in the East 3 Pangola Range Separates Sikkim from Bhutan NAME OF IMPORTANT GLACIERS Sl.No. Name of Glaciers Area (Sq.Km) District 1 Zemu Glacier 359.85 North 2 Rathong Glacier 58.44 West 3 Lonak Glacier North 4 Hidden Glacier North 5 Talung Glacier 142.90 North 6 North Lonak Glacier North 7 South Lonak Glacier North 8 Tista Khangse Glacier North 6 NAME OF IMPORTANT LAKES IN SIKKIM Sl.No. Name of Lakes District 1 Khe-cheod-Palri (Khecheoperi) West 2. Gurudungmar North 3. Lam Pokhari West 4. Changu (Tsomgo ) East 5. Laxmi Pokhari West 6. Cholamu North 7. Bidang Cho East 8. Menmecho East 9. Majur Pokhari West 10. Sima Choka North 11. Dud Pokhari West 12. Samiti Lake West 13. Ram-Laxman (Twin Lake) West SACRED PEAKS i. Ghangchhen -mZod -Nga: - 28208 Ft. (Khangchendzonga) ii. Mt. Nursing - 19111 Ft. iii. Gabar Gangtsen - 24215 Ft. iv. Pandim Peak - 21658 Ft.. v. Mt. Simvo - 22346 Ft.. vi. Goecha Peak - 20100 Ft.. vii. Fork Peak - 20382 Ft.. viii. Pao Hungri (Pauhungri) - 23180 Ft.. ix. Mt. Siniolchu - 22609 Ft. 7 SACRED CAVES i. Sharchhogbayphug at Sangmo, South Sikkim ii. Khadosangphug at Sanganath, South Sikkim iii. Dechenphug above Nampung, West Sikkim iv. Lharinyingphug via Kongri-Labdang, West Sikkim v. Phagmorong, West Sikkim vi. Tragthungrong, West Sikkim SACRED ROCKS (NAYDO) i. Yongzokdrak, West Sikkim ii. Tragkar rock at Tashiding, West Sikkim iii. Gyalwa Lhatsun Chhenpo’s Footprints at Yuksom iv. Coronation Throne at Yuksom, West Sikkim v. Thegchhok Yangtse Khadoi Drora Rock, West Sikkim vi. Guru Rinpoche’s Footprint Naydo at Tsunthang (Chungthang) North Sikkim vii. Kabilongtsok stone Naydo at Kabi, North Sikkim SACRED LAKES (TSHO) i. Omechho (Omai-tsho), West Sikkim ii. Sungmteng chho (Tsho), West Sikkim iii. Lamchho (Lham-tsho), West Sikkim iv. Tolechho (Dhole-tsho), West Sikkim v. Kabur Lamchho (Gabur Lah-tsho), West Sikkim vi. Khachoedpalri Pemachen Tsho (Khachoedpalri Lake), West Sikkim vii. Kathogtsho at Yuksom, West Sikkim viii. Tsho-mGo lake, East Sikkim ix. Guru Dongmar Lake, North Sikkim x. Tsho-lhamo, North Sikkim xi. Mulathingkhai-tsho (Green Lake) at Zema Glacier, North Sikkim 8 CHHOEDTENS (CHORTEN/STUPA) i. Norbugang Chhoedten Tashi Hodber at Yuksom built by Naljor Chhedshi more than 100 years ago. ii. Chhoedten Thongwa Rangdrol at Tashiding built by Gyalwa Lhatsun Chhenpo and its surrounding Chhoedten more than 100 years ago. iii. Khachoedpalri Bheyul Chhoedten built in 19th century, a replica of Nepal’s Boundhanath Stupa. iv. Dhud-Tsen-Lu-Sun Chhoedten at Rabdentse, West Sikkim, built more than 100 years ago.
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