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Curriculum Vitae Personal Details Name Axel Meyer Date of Birth 04.08.1960 Address Chair in Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10 D-78457 Konstanz, Germany Phone +49-7531-884163 Fax +49-7531-883018 E-Mail [email protected] Academic Degrees 1984 - 1988 University of California, Berkeley, Department of Zoology - Ph.D. 1986 - 1987 Harvard University, Graduate Program in the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 1983 - 1984 University of California, Berkeley, Department of Zoology – MA. 1982 University of Miami, Florida. 1982 Universität Kiel (Biology). 1979 - 1982 Universität Marburg (Vordiplom in Biology). Work Experience 1997 - Professor, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany 1993 - 1997 Assoc. Professor, Dept. Ecology & Evolution, SUNY, Stony Brook, USA. 1993 - 1997 Member Genetics Program, State University of New York, Stony Brook. 1990 - 1993 Ass. Professor, Dept. of Ecology and Evolution, SUNY, Stony Brook, 1988 - 1990 Alfred P. Sloan Postdoctoral Fellow in Molecular Evolution, Dept. of Biochemistry, University of California at Berkeley (with Allan C. Wilson). Honors/Awards (partial list) 2012 Member of the Academia europaea. 2012 Hector Prize of the Hector II Foundation. 2012 Advanced Grant of the European Research Council (ERC). 2009 Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO). 2009 Carus Medal of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. 2009 Member of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften. 2009 Member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. 2008 – 2009 Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study (Wissenschaftskolleg) zu Berlin. 2008 EMBO Award for Communication in the Life Sciences. 2007 “Hot 100”authors of BioMed Central journals. 2007 ISI Highly Cited–world’s 250 most cited researchers Plant, Animal Science. 2007 Member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts. 2000 Akademiepreis, Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 1996 - 1997 John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship. 1996 – 1997 Miller Fellowship - Visiting Professorship, Depts. Integrative Biology and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley. 1990 Young Investigator Prize, American Society of Naturalists. 1982 - 1984 Fulbright Fellowship (German and American Governments). .

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Computer Simulations on the Sympatric Speciation Modes for The
Computer simulations on the sympatric speciation modes for the Midas cichlid species complex K. Luz-Burgoa,1 S. Moss de Oliveira,1 and J. S. SáMartins1 1 Instituto de F´ısica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, ∗ Campus da Praia Vermelha, Boa Viagem, Niterói, 24210-340, RJ, Brazil. (Dated: October 26, 2018) Cichlid fishes are one of the best model system for the study of evolution of the species. Inspired by them, in this paper we simulated the splitting of a single species into two separate ones via random mutations, with both populations living together in sympatry, sharing the same habitat. We study the ecological, mating and genetic conditions needed to reproduce the polychromatism and polymorphism of three species of the Midas Cichlid species complex. Our results show two scenarios for the A. Citrinellus speciation process, one with and the other without disruptive natural selection. In the first scenario, the ecological and genetic conditions are sufficient to create two new species, while in the second the mating and genetic conditions must be synchronized in order to control the velocity of genetic drift. I. INTRODUCTION jaws of A. citrinellus have been described [9], a papilli- form morph with slender pointed teeth and a mollariform morph with thicker rounded teeth. These previous stud- The evolution of a single population into two or more ies showed that there is a trade-off in performance: the species without prevention of gene flow through geo- mollariform fish are specialized and more efficient at eat- graphic segregation is known as sympatric speciation ing hard diets such as snails, whereas they are less effi- Amphilophus Zaliosus [1, 2, 3].
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University of Konstanz · PO Box 226 · 78457 Konstanz, GERMANY Communications and Marketing News and media communications Press release no. 55/2018 Universitaetsstr. 10 78464 Konstanz, GERMANY +49 7531 88-3603 Fax +49 7531 88-3766 [email protected] www.uni-konstanz.de 20.06.2018 Data against dogma Biologist from Konstanz, Professor Axel Meyer, receives the Luigi-Tartufari International Prize from the Italian National Academy He has just returned to Konstanz from a sabbatical spent at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University. Now, on 22 June 2018, the professor of zoology and evolutionary biology, Axel Meyer, is awarded the Luigi-Tartufari International Prize from the Italian Academia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome. One of the first illustrious members of this academy was the Italian polymath Galileo Galilei. Axel Meyer receives the award for his research in the areas of molecular, cell and evolutionary biology. The Italian National Academy honours the biologist from Konstanz for his scientific life's work, for which he already received numerous awards. Axel Meyer is one of the world's leading and most widely cited experts in the field of evolutionary biology. He disproved textbook dogmas that had been thought to be valid for several decades and was one of the pioneers in using genetic data in evolutionary biology. By collecting empirical data, Axel Meyer's laboratory team questioned the doctrine that geographical barriers are the prerequisite for the origin of new species. Carrying out research in the crater lakes in Nicaragua, he was also able to demonstrate that the evolution in certain types of fish repeated itself independently from each other.
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Differentiation in Swimming Performances, Physiology and Gene Expression Between Locally-Adapted Sympatric Cichlid Fishes
Received: 28 July 2019 | Revised: 24 October 2019 | Accepted: 8 November 2019 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15304 FROM THE COVER Diving into divergence: Differentiation in swimming performances, physiology and gene expression between locally-adapted sympatric cichlid fishes Francesca Raffini1,2,3 | Ralf F. Schneider1,2 | Paolo Franchini1 | Andreas F. Kautt1 | Axel Meyer1,2 1Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of Biology, Abstract University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany Sympatric speciation occurs without geographical barriers and is thought to often be 2 International Max Planck Research School driven by ecological specialization of individuals that eventually diverge genetically (IMPRS) for Organismal Biology, Max- Planck-Institut für Ornithologie, Radolfzell, and phenotypically. Distinct morphologies between sympatric populations occupy- Germany ing different niches have been interpreted as such differentiating adaptive pheno- 3Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Radolfzell, Germany types, yet differences in performance and thus likely adaptiveness between them were rarely tested. Here, we investigated if divergent body shapes of two sympatric Correspondence Axel Meyer, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie crater lake cichlid species from Nicaragua, one being a shore-associated (benthic) und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of species while the other prefers the open water zones (limnetic), affect cruising (Ucrit) Biology,University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany. and sprinting (Usprint) swimming abilities – performances particularly relevant to their Email: [email protected] respective lifestyles. Furthermore, we investigated species differences in oxygen Present address consumption (MO2) across different swimming speeds and compare gene expression Francesca Raffini, Department of Animal in gills and white muscle at rest and during exercise. We found a superior cruising and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK ability in the limnetic Amphilophus zaliosus compared to the benthic Amphilophus as- Ralf F.
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Curriculum Vitae – Shigehiro Kuraku
1 Shigehiro Kuraku, Ph.D. Unit Leader Laboratory for Phyloinformatics RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research Email: [email protected] URL: www.clst.riken.jp/phylo/ GENDER Male YEAR OF BIRTH 1976 NATIONALITY Japanese Ph.D. Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University January 2005 Discipline: Evolutionary Biology Supervisor: Prof. Yoshinori Shichida (after Prof. Takashi Miyata retired) M.Sc. Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University March 2001 Discipline: Molecular Evolutionary Biology Supervisor: Prof. Takashi Miyata B.Sc. Faculty of Science, Kyoto University March 1999 Discipline: Molecular Evolutionary Biology Supervisor: Prof. Takashi Miyata Japanese (native) English (fluent) German (Level 3 – Diplom Deutsch in Japan. 1995) Italian (Diploma elementare di Lingua Italiana Firenze - Accadmia italiana di lingua. 1999) 2 Curriculum vitae – Shigehiro Kuraku Year Appointment 2018- Unit Leader Laboratory for Phyloinformatics RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research in Kobe, Japan 2018- Adjunct Associate Professor Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Japan 2014-2018 Unit Leader Phyloinformatics Unit RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies in Kobe, Japan 2014- Adjunct Associate Professor Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Japan 2013- Adjunct Associate Professor Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan 2012-2014 Unit Leader Genome Resource and Analysis Unit, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN
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Evolution of Genomic Structural Variation and Genomic Architecture in the Adaptive Radiations of African Cichlid fishes
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE published: 03 June 2014 doi: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00163 Evolution of genomic structural variation and genomic architecture in the adaptive radiations of African cichlid fishes Shaohua Fan and Axel Meyer* Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany Edited by: African cichlid fishes are an ideal system for studying explosive rates of speciation and Philine G. D. Feulner, Max Planck the origin of diversity in adaptive radiation. Within the last few million years, more than Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 2000 species have evolved in the Great Lakes of East Africa, the largest adaptive radiation Germany in vertebrates. These young species show spectacular diversity in their coloration, Reviewed by: Harald Schneider, Natural History morphology and behavior. However, little is known about the genomic basis of this Museum, UK astonishing diversity. Recently, five African cichlid genomes were sequenced, including Feng Zhang, Fudan University, China that of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a basal and only relatively moderately Arne W. Nolte, Max Planck Society, diversified lineage, and the genomes of four representative endemic species of the Germany adaptive radiations, Neolamprologus brichardi, Astatotilapia burtoni, Metriaclima zebra, *Correspondence: Axel Meyer, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie and Pundamila nyererei. Using the Tilapia genome as a reference genome, we generated und Evolutionsbiologie, Department a high-resolution genomic variation map, consisting of single nucleotide polymorphisms of Biology, University of Konstanz, (SNPs), short insertions and deletions (indels), inversions and deletions. In total, around Universitätstraße 10, Konstanz 18.8, 17.7, 17.0, and 17.0 million SNPs, 2.3, 2.2, 1.4, and 1.9 million indels, 262, 306, 78464, Germany e-mail: [email protected] 162, and 154 inversions, and 3509, 2705, 2710, and 2634 deletions were inferred to have evolved in N.
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Parsing Parallel Evolution: Ecological Divergence and Differential Gene Expression in the Adaptive Radiations of Thick-Lipped Midas Cichlid fishes from Nicaragua
Molecular Ecology (2012) doi: 10.1111/mec.12034 Parsing parallel evolution: ecological divergence and differential gene expression in the adaptive radiations of thick-lipped Midas cichlid fishes from Nicaragua TEREZA MANOUSAKI,*†1 PINCELLI M. HULL,*‡1 HENRIK KUSCHE,*§ GONZALO MACHADO-SCHIAFFINO,* PAOLO FRANCHINI,* CHRIS HARROD,¶**†† KATHRYN R. ELMER*‡‡ and AXEL MEYER*†§ *Lehrstuhl fu¨r Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universita¨tsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, †Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz, Universita¨tsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, ‡Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, PO Box 208109, New Haven, CT, 06520- 8109, USA, §International Max Planck Research School for Organismal Biology, University of Konstanz, Universita¨tsstrasse 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany, ¶Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Limnology, PO Box 165, 24302 Plo¨n, Germany, **School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University, Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK, ††Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanolo´gicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avenida Angamos 601, Antofagasta, Chile Abstract The study of parallel evolution facilitates the discovery of common rules of diversifica- tion. Here, we examine the repeated evolution of thick lips in Midas cichlid fishes (the Amphilophus citrinellus species complex)—from two Great Lakes and two crater lakes in Nicaragua—to assess whether similar changes in ecology, phenotypic trophic
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Differentiation in Swimming Performances, Physiology and Gene Expression Between Locally-Adapted Sympatric Cichlid Fishes
Received: 28 July 2019 | Revised: 24 October 2019 | Accepted: 8 November 2019 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15304 FROM THE COVER Diving into divergence: Differentiation in swimming performances, physiology and gene expression between locally-adapted sympatric cichlid fishes Francesca Raffini1,2,3 | Ralf F. Schneider1,2 | Paolo Franchini1 | Andreas F. Kautt1 | Axel Meyer1,2 1Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of Biology, Abstract University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany Sympatric speciation occurs without geographical barriers and is thought to often be 2 International Max Planck Research School driven by ecological specialization of individuals that eventually diverge genetically (IMPRS) for Organismal Biology, Max- Planck-Institut für Ornithologie, Radolfzell, and phenotypically. Distinct morphologies between sympatric populations occupy- Germany ing different niches have been interpreted as such differentiating adaptive pheno- 3Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Radolfzell, Germany types, yet differences in performance and thus likely adaptiveness between them were rarely tested. Here, we investigated if divergent body shapes of two sympatric Correspondence Axel Meyer, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie crater lake cichlid species from Nicaragua, one being a shore-associated (benthic) und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of species while the other prefers the open water zones (limnetic), affect cruising (Ucrit) Biology,University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany. and sprinting (Usprint) swimming abilities – performances particularly relevant to their Email: [email protected] respective lifestyles. Furthermore, we investigated species differences in oxygen Present address consumption (MO2) across different swimming speeds and compare gene expression Francesca Raffini, Department of Animal in gills and white muscle at rest and during exercise. We found a superior cruising and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK ability in the limnetic Amphilophus zaliosus compared to the benthic Amphilophus as- Ralf F.
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Parallel and Non-Parallel Changes of the Gut Microbiota During Trophic Diversifcation in Repeated Young Adaptive Radiations of Sympatric Cichlid Fsh
Parallel and non-parallel changes of the gut microbiota during trophic diversication in repeated young adaptive radiations of sympatric cichlid sh Andreas Härer Universitat Konstanz https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2894-5041 Julián Torres-Dowdall Universitat Konstanz Sina J. Rometsch Universitat Konstanz Elizabeth Yohannes Universitat Konstanz Gonzalo Machado-Schiano Universidad de Oviedo Axel Meyer ( [email protected] ) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-8193 Research Keywords: Amphilophus citrinellus, trophic ecology, stable isotopes, Neotropical cichlids, rapid adaptation, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, parallel evolution, Nicaragua Posted Date: July 10th, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-20414/v3 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Version of Record: A version of this preprint was published on October 29th, 2020. See the published version at https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00897-8. Page 1/25 Abstract Background: Recent increases in understanding the ecological and evolutionary roles of microbial communities has underscored the importance for their hosts’ biology. Yet, little is known about gut microbiota dynamics during early stages of ecological diversication and speciation. We sequenced the V4 region of the 16s rRNA gene to study the gut microbiota of Nicaraguan Midas cichlid sh (Amphilophus cf. citrinellus). Specically, we tested the hypothesis that parallel divergence in trophic ecology in extremely young adaptive radiations from two crater lakes is associated with parallel changes of their gut microbiota. Results: Bacterial communities of sh guts and lake water were highly distinct, indicating that the gut microbiota is shaped by host-specic factors.
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Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae Walter Salzburger Zoological Institute, University of Basel Vesalgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland eMail: [email protected] home: www.evolution.uniBas.ch/salzBurger/ Curriculum Vitae tel.: +41 61.267.0303; fax.: .0301; secretary: .0300 | Walter Salzburger | page 1 PERSONAL INFORMATION Name: Walter SalzBurger Date of birth: January 1st, 1975 (in Wörgl, Austria) Nationality: Austrian Position: Associate Professor Address: Zoological Institute, University of Basel Vesalgasse 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland tel.: +41 61.267.0303; fax.: .0301 Personal Assistant (Brigitte AeschBach): .0300 eMail: [email protected] home: www.evolution.unibas.ch/salzburger/ Private: Saint-Louis-Strasse 26, CH-4055 Basel, Switzerland tel.: +41 78.888.1776 (moBile) EDUCATION 2001 Doctoral degree (Dr. rer. nat.), awarded with distinction 1998-2001 Doctoral thesis work “Speciation in Lake Tanganyika cichlids” at the Department of Zoology and Limnology, University of InnsBruck, Austria; supervisor: Prof. Christian SturmBauer 1998 Master degree (Mag.) in Zoology, awarded with distinction 1997-1998 Master thesis work “Comparative phylogenetic analysis of Lake Tanganyika cichlids using diﬀerent mitochondrial gene segments” at the Department of Zoology and Limnology, University of InnsBruck, Austria; supervisor: Prof. Christian SturmBauer 1993-1998 Study of Biology/Zoology at the University of InnsBruck, Austria 1993 School leaving examination (Matura), awarded with distinction FURTHER EDUCATION 2004-2006 Applied training courses “Didactics
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Crater Lake Habitat Predicts Morphological Diversity in Adaptive Radiations of Cichlid Fishes
CRATER LAKE HABITAT PREDICTS MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN ADAPTIVE RADIATIONS OF CICHLID FISHES 1 1 Hans Recknagel, •2 Kathryn R. Elmer, •2 and Axel Meyer1.3 1 Lehrstuhl far Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany 2/nstitute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G 12 BQQ, United Kingdom 3 E-mail: axel. meyer@uni-konstanz. de Adaptive radiations provide an excellent opportunity for studying the correlates and causes for the origin of biodiversity. In these radiations, species diversity may be influenced by either the ecological and physical environment. intrinsic lineage effects, or both. Disentangling the relative contributions of these factors in generating biodiversity remains a major challenge in understanding why a lineage does or does not radiate. Here, we examined morphological variation in body shape for replicate flocks of Nicaraguan Midas cichlid fishes and tested its association with biological and physical characteristics of their crater lakes. We found that variability of body elongation, an adaptive trait in freshwater fishes, is mainly predicted by average lake depth (N = 6, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.96). Other factors considered, including lake age, surface area, littoral zone area, number of co-occurring fish species, and genetic diversity of the Midas flock, did not significantly predict morphological variability. We also showed that lakes with a larger littoral zone have on average higher bodied Midas cichlid s, indicating that Midas cichlid flocks are locally adapted to their crater lake habitats. In conclusion, we found that a lake's habitat predicts the magnitude and the diversity of body elongation in repeated cichlid adaptive radiations.
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Evolution of Genomic Structural Variation and Genomic Architecture in the Adaptive Radiations of African Cichlid fishes
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE published: 03 June 2014 doi: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00163 Evolution of genomic structural variation and genomic architecture in the adaptive radiations of African cichlid fishes Shaohua Fan and Axel Meyer* Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany Edited by: African cichlid fishes are an ideal system for studying explosive rates of speciation and Philine G. D. Feulner, Max Planck the origin of diversity in adaptive radiation. Within the last few million years, more than Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 2000 species have evolved in the Great Lakes of East Africa, the largest adaptive radiation Germany in vertebrates. These young species show spectacular diversity in their coloration, Reviewed by: Harald Schneider, Natural History morphology and behavior. However, little is known about the genomic basis of this Museum, UK astonishing diversity. Recently, five African cichlid genomes were sequenced, including Feng Zhang, Fudan University, China that of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a basal and only relatively moderately Arne W. Nolte, Max Planck Society, diversified lineage, and the genomes of four representative endemic species of the Germany adaptive radiations, Neolamprologus brichardi, Astatotilapia burtoni, Metriaclima zebra, *Correspondence: Axel Meyer, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie and Pundamila nyererei. Using the Tilapia genome as a reference genome, we generated und Evolutionsbiologie, Department a high-resolution genomic variation map, consisting of single nucleotide polymorphisms of Biology, University of Konstanz, (SNPs), short insertions and deletions (indels), inversions and deletions. In total, around Universitätstraße 10, Konstanz 18.8, 17.7, 17.0, and 17.0 million SNPs, 2.3, 2.2, 1.4, and 1.9 million indels, 262, 306, 78464, Germany e-mail: [email protected] 162, and 154 inversions, and 3509, 2705, 2710, and 2634 deletions were inferred to have evolved in N.
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Incipient Sympatric Speciation in Nicaraguan Cichlid Fishes?
Molecular Ecology (2004) 13, 2061–2076 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02211.x TheBlackwell Publishing, Ltd. Midas cichlid species complex: incipient sympatric speciation in Nicaraguan cichlid fishes? MARTA BARLUENGA and AXEL MEYER Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany Abstract Sympatric speciation is a contentious concept, although theoretical models as well as empirical evidence support its relevance in evolutionary biology. The Midas cichlid species complex (Amphilophus citrinellus, labiatus, zaliosus) from several crater lakes in Nicaragua fits several of the key characteristics of a sympatric speciation model. In particular, in A. citrinellus (i) strong assortative mating on the basis of colour polymorphism and (ii) ecological differentiation based on morphological polymorphisms involving the feeding apparatus and body shape might both be mechanisms of incipient speciation. Seven microsatellite markers and mtDNA control region sequences [836 base pairs (bp)] were used to study the population genetic structure of 519 specimens of Midas cichlid populations from the two Great Lakes Managua and Nicaragua, and three crater lakes in Nicaragua, Central America. The three named species of the species complex occupy different ecological niches, are mor- phologically distinct and can be distinguished genetically. We uncovered allopatric genetic differentiation of populations of A. citrinellus from different lakes and distant locations within Lake Managua and, more interestingly, incipient genetic differentiation of several sympatric populations based on colouration (in A. citrinellus and A. labiatus) but not on the morphology of the pharyngeal jaws (in A. citrinellus). Sexual selection and assortative mating might be the driven forces of diversification within named species. The Midas cichlid species complex in Nicaragua is an excellent model system for the study of the incipient stages of adaptation, speciation and the formation of species flocks.
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