E4617 V4 REV

Certification No：No.2834 EIA Certification

Public Disclosure Authorized

Environmental Impact Assessment Report

Public Disclosure Authorized

Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Public Disclosure Authorized

Prepared by: Guangzhou EP Environmental Engineering Ltd In May, 2014

Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Content 1 GENERAL ...... - 1 -

1.1 BACKGROUND ...... - 1 - 1.2 COMPLIANCE ANALYSIS ...... - 2 - 1.3 SUPPORTING EVIDENCE AND STANDARDS FOR ASSESSMENT ...... - 1 - 1.4 ASSESSMENT GATEGORY, CLASS, SCOPE AND TIME...... - 12 - 1.5 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION OBJECTIVES ...... - 16 - 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 18

2.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND COST ...... 18 2.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS AND PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS ...... 18 2.3 TECHNICAL STANDARDS OF PROJECT CONSTRUCTIONS ...... - 35 - 2.4 DUE DILIGENCY INVESTIGATION AND RELATED ACTIVITIES ...... - 38 - 3 THE BASELINE SITUATION OF ENVIRONMENT QUALITY AND SOCIAL STATUS ...... - 41 -

3.1 NATURAL CONDITION OF PROJECT SITES ...... - 41 - 3.2 THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC STATUS IN PROJECT AREA ...... - 45 - 3.3 NATURAL RESERVES, CULTURAL RELICS AND WATER SOURCE PROTECTION AREAS IN PROJECT AREAS ...... 47 3.4 SURVEY AND EVALUATION ON THE STATUS OF ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ...... 48 4 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION ...... 57 5 IMPACT ANALYSIS ON AGRICULTURE ACTIVITIES ...... 58

5.1 PLANTING ACTIVITY ...... 58 5．2 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION ON LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT PROJECT ...... 74 5.3 PRODUCT PROCESSING ...... 86 5.4 RESOURCES CARRYING CAPACITY ANALYSIS ...... 87 5.5 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSIMILATIVE CAPACITY ANALYSIS ...... 95 6 ALTERNATIVE SCHEME ANALYSIS ...... 101 6.1 PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES OF COMPARISON ANALYSIS ...... 101 6.2 ZERO SCHEME ANALYSIS ...... 101 6.3 COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MANURE TREATMENTS OF SMALL-SCALE HUSBANDRY ...... 104 6.4 COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MANURE TREATMENTS OF LARGE SCALE ANIMAL FARM ...... 108 6.5 COMPARISON OF RESIDUE FROM FARMLAND AND ORCHARD ...... 112 7 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ...... 114

7.1 DISCLOSURE ...... 114 7.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 114 7.3 RESULTS...... 117 8. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN（EMP） ...... 132

8.1 INSTITUTE AND DUTY FOR THE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT...... 132 8.2 MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 134 8.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT TRAINING PLAN ...... 166 8.4 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN ...... 169 9 CONCLUSIONS ...... - 174 -

Environment Impact Assessment Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Demonstration in Poor Areas Project

1 General

1.1 Background

1.1.1 Project Location and It’s Characteristics Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project covers 16 counties or districts of Dingxi, Qingyang, Tianshui, Pingliang, Linxia and Wuwei cities including Longxi, Weiyuan, Tongwei, Lintao, An’ding, Huachi, Zhengning, Heshui, Huanxian, Zhang Jiachuan, Zhuanglang, Jinning, Yongjing, Dongxiang and Gulang counties or districts totalling 56 townships and 241 villages with comparative advantages for developing industries with special local features and for income increasing industries in the Liupan Mountains of Gansu. Gansu Province is an inland province located at the northwest and on the conjection of Losses Plateau, Inner Mongolia Plateau and Qinghai and Tibetan Plateau with the crossing of inland river, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. It is one of the poorest provinces in China. The total land area of Gansu is 454 thousand km2. Gansu has 14 cities or prefectures governing 86 counties or cities, districts. By the end of 2012, the total population was 26570 thousand including 17830 thousand of rural population making up 67% of total provincial population. Gansu is a province where many different Chinese ethnic groups lived. Population of 54 minority groups making up 9.3% of total provincial population. Among which, Dongxiang, Yugu and Baoan are the minorities which only live in Gansu. In 2011, the GDP was CNY502 billion growing 12.5%. The fiscal revenue was CNY45.04 billion growing 27.4%. The per capita disposable income of urban resident was CNY14988 increasing 13.6%. The per capita net income of rural resident was CNY3909 increasing 14.2%. The province has abundant human resources with 12770 thousand labors including 5 million of surplus workforces (see more details in Annex 1), which is favorable for developing labor-intensive industries. Moreover, the province has large areas of land and diversified ecologies and climates, and is rich in light and heat resources. The temperature ranges differently between day and night. And the province has little environment pollutions. It is favorable for agriculture with local features and processing of green foods. And Gansu is the biggest provice for potato production, the important areas for the production of apple, herbal medicine and plateau summer vegetables, and is one of the biggest pastural provinces. Besides those, Gansu has poor natural condition, small economic outputs with low per capita GDP and high proportion of poverty. Those are the important factors for constraining the development.

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1.1.2 Project Justifications Chinese government will spend the World Bank loans to support 27 national designated poverty stricken counties of three western provinces namely Guizhou, Sichuan and Gansu to implement poverty alleviation and agriculture development demonstration in poor areas project. And in accordance with relevant environment protection policies of Chinese government and the safeguard policies of the World Bank, the environment assessment report and environment management plan are required. In order to take full consideration of environment impacts during project implementation and mitigating negative impacts at project design, construction and operation stages, and in accordance with Environment Protection Law of China, Environment Assessment Law of China, Environment Management Regulation of Capital Project, the Circular on Improving Environment Assessment of Project Financed by International Financial Institutions and OP4.01 of the World Bank, Guangzhou EP Environment Engineering Ltd is contracted for the environment assessment of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project. Since assignment, the company has made site surveys, collected data and carried out environment assessment in accordance with Project Environment Assessment Outline with the considerations of project characters, World Bank requirement and national procedures and requirement. The environment assessment team has drafted the environment assessment report with the considerations of environment assessment outline and comments of World Bank Pre-appraisal mission by analyzing project activities and implementation plans, making in-depth site surveys, collecting lots of social, economic and environmental data and monitoring environment quality. 1.1.3 Project Management Offices and Executive Agencies

1. Project Management Offices Project management offices are consisted of the Project Leading Group, Foreign Capital Project Management Center of Gansu Poverty Reduction Office and poverty reduction office in 16 counties of 6 cities. 2. Project executive agencies: cooperative units, farmers and enterprises of 16 counties.

1.2 Compliance Analysis

1.2.1 Compliance with Sector Policies State Council’s Opinions on Developing Modern Agriculture and Promoting the Building of New Socialist Countryside has pointed out: 1. the development of modern agriculture and promotion

- 2 - Environment Impact Assessment Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Demonstration in Poor Areas Project of the building of new socialist countryside is the essential of adopting scientific development outlook and the building of harmonious society, and is the important task for accelerating socialist modernization; 2. to enhance constructions of rural infrastructure; 3. to development agriculture with local features. It is to develop the tangible and intangible products and industries in complying with local situations with special attentions on the hoticulture, breeding of special animals and rural tourism; 4. to construct circulation facilities and develop new type of circulation system for agricultural products. It is to construct a batch of markets for whole sale of agricultural products with advanced infrastructures, sound founctions and regulated marketing standards; 5. to develop rural cooperative units. It is to support the development of farmers’ cooperatives in accordance with the Law of Farmers’ Professional Cooperatives. And it is to increase the investment of demonstrative projects which were implemented by farmers’ cooperatives, and to support the activities including marketing, technical training, processing and storage of agricultural products, and selling of production materials of agriculture by adopting preferential tax and financial policies. Besides those, starting from establishing modern agriculture and improving comprehensive agricultural productions, the Decision made by the third plenary of 17th CPC meeting has required to adopt large scale of land consolidation activities and to greatly increase the proportion of stable high-yeild farming lands. The project is to improve infrastructures, construct the supporting field facilities, and build markets for sale of livestocks and agricultural products. And the project is to develop productions with special local features such as the breeding of cattles, sheeps and pigs, and the production of potatoes, astragas, and codonopsis. Besides those, it is to support farmers’ professional cooperatives, provide technical trainings, and encourage farmers’ participations in project activities to improve the coverage of cooperatives and the level of technical skills. In accordance with the Catalogue of Guidance on the Adjustment of Industrial Structure (2011 version and 2013 revision), project activities belong to the catalogue of encouraged agriculture and forestry development including constructions of bases for agricultural productions, tractor roads (bridges), rehabilitation of low-yield farm lands and construction of stable and high-yield farm lands; and the catalogue of encouraged water conservancy projects including the development of efficient water distribution and supple system, the adoption of water-saving irrigation technologies, and the constructions of water conservancy facilities (field canals, culverts and pumping stations. Therefore, the project meets the requirement of national sector policies and belongs to the catalogue of encouraged projects. As the results, project implementation is to fullfill the spirits of the Opinions and the Decision, and meets the relevant government policies.

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1.2.2 Compliance with Plannings The analysis of compliance with the 12th Five-year Plan on Economic and Social Development of China and the Master Plan on Rural Poverty Alleviation of China (2011 to 2020) is the same as those of Sichuan Province.

- 4 - 世行贷款贫困片区产业扶贫试点示范项目（甘肃）环境影响评价报告 Table 1.2-1 Compliance with the 12th Five-year Plan on Economic and Social Development of Gansu Province Compliance Plan Content of the Plan Project Activity Analysis To provide safe drinking water to 8.9 million rural population; the coverage of tap-water in administrative villages reach to 70%; to provide biogas to 700 thousand households; concrete roads in administrative villages reach The project includes activities such as rural and to 80%; to accelerate the progress on rural power net and Complied Rural production roads construction and concretions, which small hydropower with electricity coverage at townships with the infrastructure are to improve local environment and promote and villages reach to 100%; to complete rehabilitation of Plan. industrial development. dangerous houses for 1.2 million households; to provide houses for 15 thousand herdsmen; to complete environment improvement tasks of 100 demonstration townships and 1000 demonstration villages. The 12th The project will not occupy any farmland for Five-year To protect farmlands and improve grain production; to infrastructure construction. The forage and fruit trees Plan on promote the development of local competitive agriculture will be planted in wasted areas. And as located in Economic such as potato production; to promote the animal breeding Mountain Liu Panshan, the project areas have good and Social such as pigs and dairy cows and the aquatic production; to Complied Modern foundations for animal breeding and crop plantation. Development promote ecological agriculture such as pollution-free with the agriculture Besides those, the project is to develop green of Gansu product, green product and organic products; to support of Plan. products and promote the development of local Province farmer’s professional cooperation and local leading competitive industries through training, the agricultural enterprises; and to improve the application of establishment of farmer cooperation and the building science and technologies in agriculture. of local brands etc. To improve the planning of new countryside; to improve The project is to strengthen technical training, Complied New socialist rural environments, promote scientific application of develop pest management plan, promote appropriate with the countryside fertilizer, pesticide and plastic mulching film, and control of application of fertilizers and pesticides and control Plan. pollutions from large-scale animal farms. pollutions of large-scale animal farms. The project is to promote the development of local To execute agriculture related policies; to improve the skills Complied Income of rural industries, increase the incomes of farmers, promote of farmers; to increase rural incomes; and to expand more with the people local economic development and reduce poverty income-generating sources for farmers. Plan. through the development of rural infrastructure. Table 1.2-2 Compliance with the Master Plan on Rural Poverty Alleviation of Gansu Province (2011 to 2020) Compli ance Plan Content of the Plan Project Activity Analysi s

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As described in the Implementation Regulation, the poverty reduction of Gansu is: to improve the capacity on development in poor areas; to set up the system of local competitive industries; to improve the equal access to basic health; to improve the living conditions to provincial average; the ecological environment is improved greatly. Besides those, the growth of per capita Compli net income of targeted farmers is higher than provincial The project is to support the development of farmer’s cooperation, promote Obje ed with average by 2% to 3%; to provide compulsory education, the development of local competitive industries, expand local industrial ctives the The basic health services and houses to the targeted people. chains and reduce poverty by exploring new mechanisms. Plan. Mast Moreover, by 2015 and 2020, the water conservation er projects, the development of local competitive industries, Plan transportation, drinking water facilities, power on infrastructure for both living and production, the Rura rehabilitation of rural dangerous houses, education, l medical services, family planning, culture, and social Pove security should be improved by a large margin. rty The majority of 16 project counties are the designated counties for poverty Alle Based on the consecutive poverty stricken areas(including Compli reduction in Mountain Liu Panshan. The counties are of characters such as viati Targe Mountain Liu Panshan, Mountain Qinba and Tibet ed with large number poor population, poor infrastructure, and weak capacity in on of ts areas), to promote regional development through the resisting the natural disasters. And its agriculture is of poor technologies and Gans poverty reduction efforts. Plan. poor management. u Pover Provi To improve infrastructure, develop local competitive ty nce industries, carry out poverty reduction through spreading The project is to promote the development of potatoes, herbal medicine, Compli reduc (201 science and technologies, promote education, public apples and animal breeding, support farmer cooperation on brand registration, ed with tion 1 to health and population management, improve social transportation, processing and marketing to expand industrial chain and the by 2020 security system and give priority to energy and improve pollution control under the conditional grant component. Plan. secto ) eco-environment. r In accordance with regional poverty reduction principles, Inter to accelerate the promulgation of regional master plan on The project financing consists by the World Bank lending and the counterpart natio poverty reduction; to strengthen cooperation with funds. Under the cooperation with the World Bank, the project is to be the Compli nal Tianjian and Xiamen on the twinning assistance program; showcase for more international supports on poverty reduction. Besides the ed with coop and to encourage and support non-government funding inputs, the project is to learn best international practice and explore the eratio organizations and individual person to join in poverty new mechanism on reducing poverty in China in complying with domestic Plan. n reduction programs through twinning assistance situations. arrangements. Table 1.2-3 Compliance with the Master Plan on Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation in Mountain Liu Panshan (2011 to 2020)

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Compli ance Plan Content of the Plan Project Activity Analysi s M The consecutive poverty stricken areas of Mountain Liu Panshan cover four provinces including Shanxi, Gansu, The majority of 16 project counties are the designated counties for aster Qinghai and Ningxia. It is the key areas in national poverty reduction in Mountain Liu Panshan. The counties are of Compli poverty reduction efforts. The master plan covers 69 Plan Coverage characters such as large number poor population, poor infrastructure, and ed with counties including 61 counties in Mountain Liu the weak capacity in resisting the natural disasters. And its agriculture is of on Panshan. Besides those, there are 49 national designated Plan. poor technologies and poor management. Regio poverty stricken counties, 12 old revolutionary bases and 20 ethnic minority counties in these areas. nal To reduce poverty stricken population by half and build Developm The project is to support the development of farmer’s cooperation, Compli solid foundation for a prosperous society by 2015; and Devel ent promote the development of local competitive industries, expand local ed with to ensure access to compulsory education, basic health the objective industrial chains and reduce poverty by exploring new mechanisms. opme services and houses by 2020. Plan. nt and To take considerations of the industrial development in long-term and Industrial To develop market-oriented industrial development, the increase of income in short-term, and the protection local Compli Pover developm promote industry restructuring and recycle economy, eco-environment. The production potatoes, herbal medicines, apples ed with the ty ent and accelerate regional development. and animal breeding are selected as the leading industries for Plan. development. Allevi Improvem ation ent on To improve the living quality of rural people and the The project activities include rural roads construction and concretion, Compli rural living conditions with the priority on improving water conservation projects, power facilities and trading markets, which in ed with production agricultural production conditions, living environment are of great importance in improving rural living and production the Moun and living and the establishment of small towns and villages. conditions. Plan. conditions tain Job Liu generation To adjust employment structure, expand source of jobs, The project will generate more jobs during construction period. And and Compli Pansh and improve related services. And to improve with the input of funds and trainings, the vocational skills of rural people human ed with vocational training and develop rural human resources can be improved and their incomes will be increased after project the an resources by consolidating various training resources. completion. Plan. (2011 developm ent

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to To strengthen eco-environment protection through the The project will not occupy any farmland for infrastructure construction. conservation of natural forestry, returning farmlands to The forage and fruit trees will be planted in wasted areas. And as located 2020) Eco-envir Compli forestry and grasslands and de-desertification measures, in Mountain Liu Panshan, the project areas have good foundations for onment ed with and with the adoption of policies on national functional animal breeding and crop plantation. Besides those, the project is to the protection zones, and the prevention of natural disasters and propose feasible measures to reduce pollutions in project design, Plan. climate changes. implementation, operation and maintenance.

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1.2.3 Compliance with Water Conservancy Plans National Water Conservancy Development Plan (2011 to 2015) requires to increase the farmland with effective irrigations. It requires to increase 40000 thousand mu of farmland with effective irrigations by 2015 in complying with the plan to increase 100 billion kg of grain capability. And it requires to accelerate the constructions of small water conservancy project giving priority to major grain and agriculture counties, to improve the field irrigation facilities focusing on the combination of project constructions with farming, mechanical and chemistry methods, and to strengthen the engineering support between water irrigation and discharge, main cannals and field canals. Besides those, it requires to develop middle and small scale water conservancy projects that suit local conditions, and support to construct five types of small scale water conservancy projects including small water cellar in hilly areas, small pool, small water pond, small pump station and small canal. Besides those, it requires to improve water saving in agricultural production. It requires to take water saving irrigation as the basic measure and important strategy in developing modern agriculture, and expand the usage of water saving technologies in line with local conditions such as anti-seepage measure, canal irrigation, micro-irrigation, drip-irrigation and spray-irrigation. It requires to develop dry-land farming by adopting technologies such as plastic mulching, deep loosening and deep ploughing, and conservation tillage. It requires to promote the scale and industralization of water saving efficiency technologies and support water saving projects giving priority of water shortage area, ecological vanerable area and major grain production area. Besides those, it plans to increase 50000 thousand mu of effective irrigation area within 5 years. And the effective coefficient of irrigation water usage for farmland will reach 0.53 or higher. Moreover, it requires to develop water conservancy projects in pastoral areas and construct forage bases with effective irrigations. 12th Five-year Plan on National Water Saving Irrigation requires to scale up the usage of effective irrigation technologies in effective irrigated areas such as anti-seepage technology, low-pressure piping irrigation, spray irrigation and micro-irrigation. And it requires to scale up the constructions of field canals and pipes and the upgrading of water saving facilities in large and middle irrigation areas (mainly in 13 major grain production areas and in the north especially in the northwest which are short of water). The irrigation canal constructions component of the project meets the requirement of the relevant water conservancy plans such as the National Water Conservancy Development Plan (2011 to 2015) and the 12th Five-year Plan on National Water Saving Irrigation Development.

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1.2.4 Compliance with Environment Protection Plans The 12th Five-year Plan on National Environment Protection requires to strengthen environment protection in rural areas and improve the control and prevention of pollutions from crop production and animal husbandary. It requires to use biological pesticides and pesticides with low toxic and low residue. And it requires to adopt pollution-free disposal method for pesticide packages. It requires to scale up the formula fertilization. Besides those, it requires to develop the ecological agriculture and organic agriculture. Moreover, it requires to improve the utilization of agriculture wastes such as wasted plastic mulch and staws. The construction of apple production bases and potato production bases and the adoption of the formula fertilization under the project are in compliance with the 12th Five-year Plan on National Environment Protection. 1.2.5 Compliance with Local Plans The project mainly consists of crop production, animal husbandary, infrastructure construction and processiong of herbal medicines. And it fully meets the relevant local plans including the 12th Five-year Plan on Comprehensive Agriculture Development of Gansu, the 12th Five-year Plan on Agriculture Development of Gansu, the 12th Five-year Plan on Water Conservancy Development of Gansu, and the 12th Five-year Plan on Environment Protection of Gansu.

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1.3 Supporting Evidence and Standards for Assessment

The supporting evidence and standards for assessment include national laws, regulations, environment protection laws and regulations, sector regulations and technical standards, and the policies and guidelines of the World Bank, which are the same as those of Sichuan Province. 1.3.1 Local Laws and Regulations （1） Decisions of Gansu Provincial People’s Government on Environment Protection, No.12 document issued by the Provincial Government in 1997; （2） Plan on Regional Development and Poverty Reduction in Areas of Liu Panshan Mountains (2011 to 2020); （3） Regulations on Environment Protection of Gansu Province, revised in 2004; （4） Opinions of Gansu Provincial People’s Government on Strengthening Environment Protection with the Adoption of Scientific Development Outlook, No.73 document issued by the Provincial Government on September 9th, 2006; （5） Notice on the Adoption of the Interim Measures of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment, No.98 document issued by Gansu Provincial Environment Protection Bureau in 2001; （6） Plan on Surface Water Functional Areas of Gansu Province (2012 to 2030), issued by the Provincial Government in January of 2013; （7） Some Opinions on Further Supporting Social and Economic Development of Gansu; （8） 12th Five-year Environment Protection Plan of Gansu Province, issued on July 16th, 2012; （9） Notice of Gansu Provincial Environment Protection Bureau on the Implementation of the 12th Five-year Environment Protection Plan of Gansu Province, issued on October 10th, 2012; （10） Notice of the General Office of Gansu Provincial People’s Government on the Publication of the Implementation Plan of the 12th Five-year Provincial Priority Specific Plans of Gansu Province, No.52 document issued by the General Office of Provincial Government; （11） Circular Economy Master Plan of Gansu Province; （12） Plan of Ecological Function Areas of Gansu Province; （13） Regulations on Nature Reserve Administration of Gansu Province, issued on September 26th, 1999; （14） Regulations of Gansu Province on the Implementation of Wildlife Animal Protection

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Law (revised in 2004); （15） Regulations on Wetland Protection of Gansu Province, enforced on February 2nd, 2004; （16） Regulations of Gansu Province on the Implementation of Land Management Law (amendement), passed by the Fourth Session of the 7th Provincial CPPCC Meeting on September 20th 1988; （17） Regulations on Forst Land Conservation of Gansu Province, passed by the 11th Session of the 11th Provincial CPPCC Meeting on September 25th 2009; （18） Technical Standards on Animal Epidemic Prevention of Livestock and Poultry Breeding of Gansu Province; （19） Notice on the Publication of the Technical Standards on Animal Epidemic Prevention of Livestock and Poultry Breeding of Gansu Province, No.35 document of Provincial CDC; （20） Revitalization Plan of Revolutionary Base in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, No.781 document of the Western Department of the National DRC in 2012； （21） Regulations on Conservation Areas Administration for Drinking Water in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province, No.11 Announcement of the 13th Prefecture CPPCC Meeting issued and enforced on August 5th 2010; （22） Regulations on Food Safety Traceability of Gansu Province (trial version), issued on February 17th 2014; （23） Regulations on Agricultrual Product Safety Traceability of Gansu Province (trial version), issued on February 17th 2014; （24） Regulations on Waste Mulch Film Recycle of Gansu Province, passed by the 6th Plenary Session of the 12th Provincial CPPCC Meeting on November 29th 2013; （25） Regulations on the Administration of Forage and Livestock Balance of Gansu Province, issued on November 1st 2012; （26） Regulations on Grazing Prohibitation in Grasslands of Gansu Province, No.95 Order of Provincial Government issued on January 1st 2013; （27） Regulations on Rural Poverty Reduction of Gansu Province, issued on May 1st 2007; （28） Agricultural Plan Quarantine Regulations of Gansu Province, issued on December 1st 2007; （29） Regulations on Agricultural Ecological Environment Protection of Gansu Province, No.61 annoucement of Provincial CPPCC issued on March 1st 2008; （30） Regulations on Rural Energy Development Management of Gansu Province, amended on June 4th 2004;

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（31） Regulations on Management of Large and Middle Scale Biogas Projects for Animal Breeding Farm of Gansu Province, No.512 document of Provincial DRC in 2009; （32） Agricultural Pesticides Management Regulation of Gansu Province, No.8 Order of Provincial Government issued on January 1st 2004; （33） Regulations on Forest Environment Protection of Gansu Province, No.41 announcement of Provincial CPPCC issued on June 1st 2011; 1.3.2 Project Documents (1) The 12th Five-year Plan on Economic and Social Development of China; (2) The 12th Five-year Plan on Economic and Social Development of Gansu Province; (3) The Rural Poverty Alleviation Outline of China (2011 to 2020); (4) The Rural Poverty Alleviation Outline of Gansu Province; (5) The Plan on Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation in Mountain Liu Panshan (2011-2020); (6) Feasibility Study Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu); (7) Environment Impact Assessment Outline of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu); (8) Aid Memorandums of the Identification, Preparation and Pre-appraisal Missions of the World Bank. 1.3.3 Assessment Standard Most general standards are the same as those of Sichuan Province. The standards are described as follows for easy reference during implementation. 1. Standards on Surface Water （1）Standard: class III standards of Standard on Surface Water Quality （GB3838－2002） will be referred. The details are shown in Table 1.3-1. Table 1.3-1 Surface Water Quality Standard (extract) Unit: mg/L except pH value

Amm onia petroleu Item pH DO COD BOD SS LAS Total phosphorus Cr 5 nitro m gen ≤0.1（lake and reservoir II 6～9 ≥6 ≤15 ≤3 ≤0.5 ≤20 ≤0.2 ≤0.05 water≤0.05） ≤0.2（lake and reservoir III 6～9 ≥5 ≤20 ≤4 ≤1.0 ≤30 ≤0.2 ≤0.05 water≤0.025） 0.3（lake and reservoir IV 6～9 ≥3 ≤30 ≤6 ≤1.5 ≤60 ≤0.3 ≤0.5 water≤0.1） Remarks: SS standards are referred to standard values of Class II, III and IV in Surface Water Quality Standard.

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（2）Discharge standard: the project will be implemented in rural areas in which there is no sewage facility besides digestion tanks. The waste water will be used for irrigation purpose only after preliminary treatment during project implementation. And the combination of pre-treatment and irrigation measures will be used for the waste water of animal farms during operation period. The class I specifications of the Discharge Standard of Waste Water（GB8978-1996）will be referred for animal farms with sewage treatment facilities. And the Standard on Irrigation Water Quality (GB5084-2005）will be referred to those without sewage treatment facility.

Table 1.3-2 The Discharge Standard of Waste Water (extract) unit: mg/L（except pH） Animal or

Item pH COD BOD5 Plant Petroleum NH3-N SS Oil Class I 6～9 100 20 10 5 15 70

Table 1.3-3 The Standard on Irrigation Water Quality (extract) unit: mg/L（except pH） GB5084-2005 GB18596-2001 Project Standard Item Indicator For dry-land irrigation （ ） （mg/L） （mg/L） mg/L 1 pH 5.5-8.5 — 5.5-8.5 2 CODCr≤ 200 400 200 3 BOD5≤ 100 150 100 4 SS≤ 100 200 100 Ammonia 5 — 80 80 Nitrogen≤ Total 6 — 8.0 8.0 Phosphorus≤ Total Coliform 8 4000 pieces/100mL 1000 pieces/100mL 1000 pieces/100mL groups≤ 9 Ascaris eggs≤ 2.0 pieces/L 2.0 pieces/L 2.0 pieces/L Table 1.3-4 The Standard for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-2006)

Name of Contact Time Limitation of Effluent Residual Limitation of Residual Limitation Disinfectant with Water Water/(mg/L) Effluent Water/(mg/L) of Tap Water/(mg/L) Chlorine and free ≥30min 4 ≥0.3 ≥0.05 chlorine preparation (free chlorine) Monochloramine ≥120min 3 ≥0.5 ≥0.05 (TN) Ozone ≥12min 0.3 - 0.02 If chlorine is added, TN≥0.05 Chlorine dioxide ≥30min 0.8 ≥0.1 ≥0.02

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2. Standard on Ambient Air Quality The class II criteria of the Standard on Ambient Air Quality （GB3095-1996） and the Hygienic Standard for the Design of Industrial Enterprises （TJ36-79） are referred under the project. And the standard values are shown in Table 1.3-5. Table 1.3-5 Ambient Air Quality Standard Value (extract) Unit: mg/m3 GB3095-1996 Class II Item Indicator 1 hour average Daily average Annual average 1 CO 10.00 4.00 —

2 SO2 0.50 0.15 0.06

3 NO2 0.24 0.12 0.08

4 PM10 — 0.15 0.10 5 TSP — 0.30 0.30 （2）Discharge standard The class II criteria of the Emission Standard of Odorous Pollutants (GB14554-1993） and the class II criteria of the Standard of Atmospheric Pollutants Emission（GB16297- 1996） are referred for management of waste gas. The standard values are shown in Table 1.3-6.

Table 1.3-6 The Standard of Atmospheric Pollutants Emission unit: mg/m3，the concentration of odorous gas is dimensionless Maximum Allowable Emission Concentration Limit at Rate Fugitive Emission Reference Pollutant （15m Exhausting Pipe） Point Standard Concentration Reference Concentration Rate（kg/h） （mg/m3） point （mg/m3） SO2 550 2.6 Maximum 0.40 NO2 240 0.77 concentration 0.12 Class II criteria, point outside GB16297-1996 TSP 120 3.5 1.0 perimeter Ammonia / 4.9 1.5 Hydrogen Concentration Class II criteria, / 0.33 0.06 sulfide limit at GB14554-1993 Odorous gas boundary / 2000 20 concentration

The Emission Standard of Cooking Fume (trial version, GB18483-2001）will be referred under the project. The criteria are shown in Table 1.3-7 and Table 1.3-8.

Talbe 1.3-7 The Emission Standard of Cooking Fume （GB18483-2001）by Different Scale of Enterprises

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Scale Small Middle Large

Number of standard stove ≥1， <3 ≥3，<6 ≥6

Total efficiency (108J/h) 1.67 ，<5.00 ≥5.00，<10 ≥10

Total projected area (m2) ≥1.1，<3.3 ≥3.3，<6.6 ≥6.6

Table 1.3-8 The Highest Concentration Permitted and the Lowest Eliminating Efficiency of Purifying Facilities

Scale Small Middle Large The highest concentration permitted 2.0 （mg/m3） The lowest eliminating efficiency（％） 60 75 85

3. Standard on noise （1）Quality standard

The project will be implemented in rural areas. And the class II criteria of the Environment Quality Standard on Noise（GB3096-2008） will be referred under the project. The criteria are shown in Table 1.3-9.

Table 1.3-9 Noise Assessment Standard unit: dB（A）

Class Day Time（dB） Night Time（dB） Source of Standard Environment Quality Standard on Noise I 55 45 （GB3096-2008）

Discharge standard: the class I criteria of the Emission Standard of Environment Noise at Boundary of Construction Site（GB12523-2011）will be referred. The criteria are shown in Table 1.3-10.

Table 1.3-10 Emission Standard of Environment Noise at Boundary of Construction Site unit:dB （A）

Day Time Night Time 70 55

The class I criteria of the Emission Standard for Community Life (GB22337-2008) will be referred under the project. The criteria are shown in Table 1.3-11. Time Day Time Night Time Standard GB22337-2008 Class I 55 45

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4. Standard on underground water quality

The class III criteria of the Standard on Underground Water Quality GB/T14848-93）will be referred under the project. The criteria are shown in Table 1.3-12.

Table 1.3-12 The Standard on Underground Water Quality

Class of Class of Criteria Class of Criteria Standard Item Criteria Protection Execution Execution 5.5～6.5， ～ <5.5，>9 pH 6.5 8.5 8.5～9 Permanga ≤3.0g/L ≤10g/L >10 g/L nate index Total ≤450mg/L ≤550mg/L >550mg/L hardness Standard on Iron ≤0.3mg/L ≤1.5mg/L >1.5 mg/L Undergroun Manganes d Water ≤1.0 mg/L >1.0 mg/L ≤0.1mg/L Ⅳ Ⅴ Quality e Ⅲ （GB/T1484 Sulfate ≤250mg/L ≤350mg/L >350 mg/L 8-93） Chloride ≤250mg/L ≤350mg/L >350 mg/L Nitrate ≤20mg/L ≤30 mg/L >30 mg/L Nitrite ≤0.02mg/L ≤0.1 mg/L >0.1 mg/L Fluoride ≤1.0mg/L ≤2.0mg/L >2.0 mg/L Arsenic ≤0.05mg/L ≤0.05mg/L >0.05 mg/L Hg ≤0.001mg/L ≤0.001mg/L >0.001mg/L The comparisons between the discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding with that of the World Bank, between the standard of crop plantation with that of the World Bank, and between the standard of food product processing with that of the World Bank are the same as those of Sichuan Province. The details are shown as follows for easy reference under the project.

5. The discharge standards for livestock and poultry breeding farms （1）The Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Livestock and Poultry Breeding The above standard（GB18596-2001）is to manage pollutants of large livestock and poultry farms and breeding areas, and the environment impact assessment, design and acceptance inspection of those farms and breeding areas and the discharges during operation period. The criteria for different scale of farms are shown in Table 1.3-13 and Table 1.3-14. Table1.3-13 Livestock and Poultry Farm by Scale (number in stock)

Type Pig (head) Chicken（head） Cattle（head）

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Scale （more than Egg chicken Meat chicken cow Beef cattle 25kg） ClassⅠ ≥3000 ≥100000 ≥200000 ≥200 ≥400

Class Ⅱ 500≤Q＜3000 15000≤Q＜100000 30000≤Q＜200000 100≤Q＜200 200≤Q＜400

Table1.3-14 Livestock and Poultry Breeding Areas by Scale (number in stock)

Type Pig (head) Chicken（head） Cattle（head） （more than Scale Egg chicken Meat chicken cow Beef cattle 25kg） ClassⅠ ≥6000 ≥200000 ≥400000 ≥400 ≥800

Class Ⅱ 3000≤Q＜6000 100000≤Q＜200000 200000≤Q＜400000 200≤Q＜400 400≤Q＜800 Remarks: Q represents the number of breeding. The maximum numbers of breeding such as cattle breeding (maximum 12 heads/farm), household sheep breeding (maximum 100 heads/household), household pig breeding (maximum 3 heads/household) are less that the minimum criteria of the standard（GB18596-2001）. Therefore, the standard is not applied to the management of pollutants of livestock and poultry breeding activities under the project. Based on site visits, the waste water from livestock and poultry breeding will be collected and fermented for irrigation. The Standard on Irrigation Water Quality （GB5084-2005） will be applied to waste water management in accordance with the flow of discharge. Besides those, the solid wastes will be composted as manure. In order to supervise waste water management, the comparison between the Standard on Irrigation Water Quality （GB5084-2005） with the Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines in Mammal, Livestock and Poultry of the World Bank was made. The results are shown in Table 1.3-15.

Table 1.3-15 Standards Comparison – proportion in waste water GB5084-2005 Pollutant Unit ESH Water land Dry land Vegetable pH pH 6～9 5.5～8.5 BOD mg/L 50 60 100 40a,15b Oxygen demand mg/L 250 150 200 100 a,60b Total nitrogen mg/L 10 / / / Total phosphorus mg/L 2 / / / Oil and grease mg/L 10 / / / Total suspended solids mg/L 50 80 100 60a,15b Temperature rise ℃ ＜3b / / / Total coliform groups MPNa/100mL 400 / / / Remarks: a and b in ESH. A: MPN= most probable number; b在综合考虑环境水质、承受水域用途、潜在接受体和同化能力的基础上，按科学方法认定一个 混合区，此为混合区边缘的温度升高。

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A in irrigation water quality standard means the processing, and cooking of pickled vegetable; B means the edible vegetable, melon and fruit.

The Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines in Mammal, Livestock and Poultry of the World Bank is to manage the waste water which is discharged to the surface water after sediment + biological treatment (anaerobic and aerobic) + disinfection processing. The indicators of pollutants are higher than those of the Irrigation Water Quality Standard（GB5084-2005）. The project will be implemented in rural areas that where the waste water treatment facilities are poor. As the results, the World Bank standard is inapplicable to the project. Based on site visits, there are a lot of farmlands and forestry close to livestock and poultry farms. And the waste water of the livestock and poultry farm will be used for irrigation after sediment and simple anaerobic treatment. Besides those, the Irrigation Water Quality Standard is applicable to surface water, underground water and waste water from animal farms. With the considerations of waste water discharge, the project location and the execution of standards, the Irrigation Water Quality Standard （GB5084-2005）will be applicable to the project. （2）Standard on harmless treatment of wastes of livestock and poultry breeding ① The breeding farm should set up fixed facilities or places for wastes with the adoption of measures to avoid fecal leakage and overflow. ② The harmless treatment must be adopted to animal fecal before being used as manure in farmlands. ③ The discharge of wastes into surface water or other environments is forbidden. The amount of animal fecal can not exceed the maximum load of the farmlands to avoid the non-point source pollution and underground water pollution. ④ The proportion of pollutants in wastes after harmless treatment should meet the following standards. Table 1.3-16 Standard on Harmless Treatment of Wastes （GB18596-2001）

Item Indicator Ascaris eggs Mortality ≥95% Coliform groups ≤105 pieces/kg （3）Odorous pollutants in livestock and poultry breeding The emission of odorous pollutants in livestock and poultry breeding of large scale will refer to the standards in Table 1.3-17. Table 1.3-17 Standard on Emission of Odorous Pollutants in Livestock and Poultry Breeding of Large Scale GB18596-2001）

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Control Item Standard Value Odorous gas concentration (dimensionless) 70 6. Standards on agricultural production The inappropriate irrigation and fertilization will bring negative impacts upon the environment. The water quota for agricultural production has been set up with the considerations of location of production activities. The Water Quota by Industry of Gansu Province is referred for the assessment. The details are shown in Table 5.4-1. The amount of waste water/urine and fecal in unit land is calculated based on the Rules on Total Emission of Major Pollutants in 12th Five-year Plan Period. The details are shown in Chapter 5.5 (environment capacity analysis). The amount of water and the amount of fertilizer are set up in the Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines for Annual Crops of the World Bank by the nutritional requirement of annual crops and the water consumption of specific annual crops. The details are shown in Table 1.3-18 and Table 1.3-19. Table 1.3-18 Nutritional Requirement of Annual Crops (EHS of the World Bank)

Nutrition/yield（kg/100kg）b Annual Crop

N P2O5 K2O MgO Grain 2.30～3.15 0.94～1.37 1.88～3.62 0.30～0.46 Potato and beetroot for 0.31 0.10～0.15 0.42～0.79 0.02～0.11 forage Maize for forage 0.38 0.14 0.70 0.08 Clove and alfalfa 0.80 0.16 0.70 0.08 Mix of green grasses 0.40 0.14 0.60 0.05 Remarks: institute of soil science and plant cultivation, pulawy, Poland,1999. b bby-product. Table 1.3-19 Water Consumption of Specific Annual Crops (EHS of the World Bank) Water consumption b Annual crop （mm，whole growth Typical yield and efficiency a period） With irrigation, the economic productivity of good maize ranges 6～ 9t/hm2（including 10%～13% of wet）. The water efficiency of Maize 500～800 economic yield varies based on different varieties ranging 0.8～ 1.6kg/m3 The maximum yield (including 12% to 15% of wet) can be achieved Sorghum/broom 450～650 when water consumption ranges from 3.5t to 5t for each ha of land. com millet The water efficiency of economic yield ranges between 0.6 to 1.0kg/m3 With irrigation, the yield of crops which have 120 days of growth is Potato 500～700 around 25t to 35t for each ha of land in temperate and subtropical zones and 15to to 25t in tropical zone. The water efficiency ranges 4 to

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7kg/m3 based on fruits with 70% to 75% of wet. With irrigation, a good yield of wheat ranges between 4t to 6t/hm2 Wheat 450～650（high yield） （12%～15% wet）. The water efficiency ranges between 0.8 to 1.0

kg/m3 Remarks：aFAO（2002a）。 bFAO AGL（1991）。 Because of different units used in the EHS of the World Bank and the Water Quota by Industry in Gansu, the comparison is irrelevant. With full considerations, the Water Quota by Industry in Gansu and the Rule on Total Emission of Major Pollutants in 12th Five-year Plan Period will be referred under the project.

7. Standards on food processing The food processing mainly includes the preliminary processing of codonopsis and astragalus (cleaning, selecting, slicing, airing, packaging and storing). In according to the EHS of the World Bank, the emission of particulate from food processing industry should not exceed 50mg/m3, which is higher than the emission limits (TSP<120 mg/m3）of national standard（GB16297-1996）. For environment protection and sustainable development of enterprises, the environment impact assessment suggests to adopt ≤50 mg/m3 as the standard for emission of particulate in waste gas. The class II criteria of the Emission Standard on Atmospheric Pollutant （GB16297- 1996）will be applied to other pollutants. The standard on waste water discharge for food and beverage industry is shown in Table 1.3-20. Based on the relevant regulations, the codonopsis and astragalus processing enterprises are not required to be equipped with waste water treatment facilities due to small amount of investment. The waste water will be collected, pre-treated in digestion tank and used to irrigate farmlands. As the results, the irrigation water quality standard will be applied under the project. Table 1.3-20 Comparison between the World Bank Standard and the National Standard – Proportion of Pollutants in Waste Water of Food and Beverage Industry

National Standard（GB5084-2005） Pollutant unit EHS Irrigated land Dry land vegetable pH pH 6～9 5.5～8.5 BOD mg/L 50 60 100 40a,15b Oxygen demand mg/L 250 150 200 100 a,60b Total nitrogen mg/L 10 / / / Total phosphorus mg/L 2 / / / Oil and grease mg/L 10 / / / Total suspended 80 100 60a,15b mg/L 50 solids Temperature rise ℃ ＜3b / / /

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Total coliform / / / MPNa/100mL 400 groups Remarks: a and b in ESH. A: MPN= most probable number; b在综合考虑环境水质、承受水域用途、潜在接受体和同化能力的基础上，按科学方法认定一个 混合区，此为混合区边缘的温度升高。 A in irrigation water quality standard means the processing, and cooking of pickled vegetable;

The Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines in Food and Beverage Industry of the World Bank is to manage the waste water which is discharged to the surface water after sediment + biological treatment (anaerobic and aerobic) + disinfection processing. The indicators of pollutants are higher than those of the Irrigation Water Quality Standard（GB5084-2005）except COD. And the project will be implemented in rural areas that where the waste water treatment facilities are poor. As the results, the World Bank standard is inapplicable to the project.

1.4 Assessment Gategory, Class, Scope and Time

1.4.1 Assessment Category In accordance with the Notice on Improving Environment Impact Assessment Administration of Projects Financed by International Financial Institutions (No.324 in 1993) and the OP4.01, the environmental sensitivity can be classified into three grades. See more details in Table 1.4 -1.

Table 1.4-1 Environment Impact Category Category Environment Impact Content of Assessment Possible serious impacts upon environment due A complete environment impact A to project development assessment is required. A special environment impact assessment or Possible limited impacts upon environment. And the environment impact analysis is required impact can be mitigated through advanced B based on characters of project and technologies and measures. environment. Normally there is no requirement on environment impact assessment or C Possible limited impact upon environment environment impact analysis. And the environment protection plan is required to record. Due to project characters, scale, degree of impact and its location, the impact upon environment is short, limited and invertible. As the result, the project is classified as category B on environment impact assessment. 1.4.2 Assessment Parameters

1. Identification of environment impact The identifications of environment impact assessment are shown in the following table.

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Table 1.4-2 Identification of Environment Impact Assessment Time Project Activity Environment Impact ● Impact upon transportation; Prepara Preparation for construction ● Fugitive dust or muddy road, negative impact upon air tion for and construction of access quality and scenery; constru roads etc. ● Construction wastes such as earthworks; Con ction ● Impact upon people’s living and working. stru ● The impact of land occupancy, construction waste, ctio Construction of plant and construction roads and sites upon eco-environment; n office building ● Noise, fugitive dust, waste water and solid wastes. peri constru ●he impact of land occupancy, construction waste, od ction Road construction construction roads and sites upon eco-environment; ● Noise, fugitive dust, waste water and solid wastes. ● Destroy of farmland and vegetation; Seedling and plantation ● Water and soil losses. ● non-point source pollution due to application of Seedling and plantation pesticide and fertilizer. Negativ Road ● Noise, waste gas of vehicles etc. e ● Pollution of fecal of livestock and poultry impact Breeding ● Demand of forage for breeding ● Odorous gas Processing workshop ● Three Wastes such as noise and wastewater Ope ● To improve the structure of economic crops and rati increase income; Seedling and plantation on ● To improve farming technologies and reduce peri pollutions and the impact upon eco-environment. od ● To improve transportation; Positive Road ● To improve local infrastructure environment for impact sustainable development. ● To provide manure for breeding; Breeding ● To improve construction of animal pens and facilitate fecal treatment. ● To make preliminary processing of economic crops

and increase income.

Processing workshop

In summary, the impacts upon local environments are the waste water, solid waste, waste gas as well as noise of roads and the three-waste of processing workshops. And the impacts upon local eco-environment are the impacts upon natural environment (land utilization, water and soil losses, and the impact upon plant and animal) as well as the impacts upon social environment

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(transportation, scenery and economy).

The details of impacts are shown in Table 1.4-3.

Table 1.4-3 Matrix on Environment Impact Identification and Selection Physical—Chemical Social and Economic Eco-environment Environment Environment Degree Project Phase of Water and Activity People’s Surface Solid Local Public Impact Scenery Vegetation Soil Noise Air Industry Employment Living Water Waste Economy Transportation Conservation

Degree of Impact -Ⅰ -Ⅱ -Ⅱ -Ⅲ -Ⅲ -Ⅱ -Ⅰ -Ⅰ +Ⅰ +Ⅱ +Ⅲ +Ⅲ Preparation Preparation for -Ⅲ -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -2 -3 -1 construction Workshop and office -Ⅲ -2 -2 -2 -3 -2 -2 -1 -1 +3 +3 -2 +3 building Construction Road -Ⅲ -2 -3 -2 -3 -2 -1 -1 -1 +3 +3 -2 +3 Period Land -Ⅰ -2 -1 -1 -3 -2 -1 -3 -1 +3 +3 -2 +3 Preparation Material -Ⅰ -1 -1 -2 -1 -2 -2 -1 +3 +3 -3 +3 Transportation Transportation -Ⅰ -2 -1 +3 +1 -3 -2 -1 -1 +3 +3 +3 +3 Plantation +Ⅱ +2 +3 +2 +3 +1 +2 -1 +1 +1 +3 +2 +3 Operation Breeding -Ⅱ -2 -1 +3 -2 -1 -2 -2 -3 +1 +3 +3 Processing -Ⅰ -1 +2 +1 -2 -1 -2 -1 +3 +3 +3 Workshop

Remarks:（1）single impact identification represents the impact of one specific project upon one specific environment, which is described as +：positive impact; -：negative impact；1：slight impact；2：general impact； 3：great impact.（2）Integrated (or accumulated) impact identification represents the impact of one specific work upon all environments or the impact of one specific environment upon all works, which is used for the selection of parameters. And it can be described as:Ⅰ：slight impact;Ⅱ：general impact；and Ⅲ：great impact. During constructions, the roads, workshops and office buildings are the long term impacts. And others are temporary impacts. The impacts are mainly on the eco-environment, water and soil losses, social environment, water, acoustical environment and air. The impacts in operation period are long term impacts including acoustical environment, water,

- 14 - EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) air, ecology, social and economic environment.. 2. Selection of assessment parameters Based on the impact identification and environment sensitivity, the parameters are shown in the following table. Table 1.4-4 The Identified Environment Assessment Parameters of Each Project Component Project Environmen Environment Impact Factor Assessment Parameter Stage t Factor Noise Transport noise noise Water resources Water balance Water Nitrogen, phosphorus, agricultural pesticide Agricultural pesticide, fertilizer （irrigation runoff） Atmospheri Implemen c Emissing gas during pesticide usage, Gaseous pesticide, odor pollutants tation environmen manure stage t Manure, package of chemicals, wasted film, General wastes straw etc. Solid waste Wasted package of chemicals, dead animal Dangerous wastes bodies, medical wastes Ecology Biodiversity Vegetation, animal, soil and landscape etc. Water Water and soil erosion Factor of erosion Constructi Waste Gas Fugitive dust Fugitive dust on Stage Noise Construction and transport noise Noise Solid Waste Construction wastes and site cleaning earthstone 1.4.3 Assessment Class and Scop The class and scope of environment assessment are determined in accordance with the General Priciples of Technical Guidline of Environment Impact Assessment (HJ 2.1-2011), the Surface Water Environment of Technical Guidline of Environment Impact Assessment (HJ/T 2.3-93), the Atmospheric Environment of Technical Guidline of Environment Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.2－ 2008), the Sound Environment of Technical Guidline of Environment Impact Assessment (HJ 2.4-2009) and the Ecological Environment of Technical Guidline of Environment Impact Assessment (HJ T19-2011) and in complying with project chanarters and local conditions. More details are shown in the following table. Table 1.3-1 The Class and Scope of Environment Impact Assessment

Content Class Scope for Current Situation Assessment Assessment Scope Social Environme First Project counties and townships Project counties and townships nt Ecological Project areas, areas 1km outside of Project areas and areas 1km outside of Environme Third boundary and the sensitive areas (natural boundary nt preservation areas in project counties)

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Surface Project areas and the neiboring surface Project areas and the major neiboring surface Third Water water areas water areas Ambient Project areas and areas 200m outside of Project areas and areas 200m outside of First Noise boundary boundary Undergroun The concerned underground water supply The concerned underground water supply Third d Water areas areas Atmospheri c Third Areas 500m outside of project boundary Areas 500m outside of project boundary Environme nt Solid -- The concerned project areas The concerned project areas Wastes 1.4.4 Assessment time The project will be implemented within five years. And the assessment will cover both implementation and operation periods including five years of implementation and five years of operation. The impacts upon eco-environment are the long term impact during implementation period. And the Three-waste Impacts are the short term impacts. Besides those, the impacts varies due to the adoption of different technological process and different measures for pollutant treatment during operation period. And the impacts are the long term impacts. As the results, the operation period will be the priority for assessment. 1.4.5 Assessment Priority Based on project characters and the identification of environment impacts, the impacts upon eco-environment and the social and economic development, the utilization of land and water resources, the measures and management plan on ecology and water protection will be the priorities. The priorities of eco-environment impact assessment cover the impacts upon agriculture, forestry and grasslands before and after project. The assessment mainly includes land utilization, animal and plant protection, ecological recovery, vegetation, control of water and soil losses and the improvement of plants. The priorities of water impact assessment cover the source of water for agriculture and animal breeding, the impact upon surface water and the impacts of pesticide and fertilizer application upon water before and after project. 1.5 Environment Protection Objectives 1.5.1 Objectives of Pollutants Control and Environment Protection Environment protection objectives and the relevant assessment indicators are identified in accordance with the preliminary environment impact assessment. More details are shown in Table 1.5-1. Table 1.5-1 Environment Protection Objectives and the Relevant Assessment Indicators

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Num Environment Factor Environment Protection Objective Assessment Indicator ber It is to make full usage of water Water resources balance, water area resources and control the exploitation of Water Resources and environment function of the underground water for irrigation purpose to 1 and Water sensitive sites; water pollutants such achieve sustainable usage of water. And the Environment as nitrogen; and water quality discharge of irrigation water may pollute the changes after using pesticide. surface water at sensitive sites. To reduce unreasonable land usage and Land Type of development, and type of the land requisition due to project Land Utilization land requisition construction. 2 Resou To protect the quality and quantity of rces Soil pollution (amount of pesticide) , Soil soils and reduce land requisition and water and soil loss exploitation. To reduce the damage to animal and Biodiversity, and type and Bio-diversi Ecolo plants, protect biodiversity and avoid the distribution of affected animal and ty gical invasion from alien species. plant 3 Envir Soil Soil deterioration and secondary Land erosion and secondary onme Ecosystem salinization salinization nt Water To determine reasonable amount of Water for ecological purpose Ecosystem irrigation water and irrigation quota To control the usage of pesticide and odor pollutants of animal breeding farm to Atmospheric meet the atmospheric standard; and to The amount of pesticide usage; the 4 Environment control the impacts of excessive usage of treatment of manure nitrogen fertilizers upon the atmospheric environment. The recycle of reuse of plastic film Harmless treatment of wasted film, and pesticide package, and the 5 Solid Waste pesticide package and bottles. collection and treatment of pesticide bottles. 1.5.2 Environment Protection Objectives The sensitive objectives including natual reserves which may be affected by project implementation are identified in project areas. The major environment protection objectives in administration areas of project counties are shown in Table 3.3-1.

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2 Project Description

2.1 Project Objectives and Cost 2.1.1 Project Objective a. General objective It is to increase the income of rural households through the development of sustainable agriculture production system, improving institutional arrangements, increasing the inputs from private sectors and setting up development models in destitute areas. b. Specific Objectives 1. To establish modern, effective and sustainable agriculture production model in destitute areas; 2. To improve the self-organization of poor people and strengthen their capacities for self-development; 3. To develop specific measures for improving market access and technical support; 4. To demonstrate and scale up the successful poverty reduction models. 2.1.2 Project Cost and Financing The project cost totals to CNY720000 thousand (US$1 equals to CNY6) including US$60 million (with the equivalent to CNY360 million) of the World Bank loans making up 50% of total, and CNY360 million of counterpart funds making up the other 50%. Of which, the amount of cost for cooperative development is CNY46054.5 thousand including CNY26100 thousand for civil works and CNY2580 thousand for equipment; the amount of cost for training is CNY17374.5 thousand; the amount of cost for infrastructure and service supports is CNY93500.3 thousand; the amount of cost for institutional and policy studies on poverty reduction is CNY600 thousand; and the amount of cost for project management and monitoring is CNY19614 thousand.

2.2 Project Components and Proposed Implementation Progress

a. Construction period The project will be implemented for 5 years from 2014 to 2019. In accordance with the implementation plan, the disbursement progress will be 20% at the first year, 50% at the second and third years, 20% at the fourth year and 10% at the fifth year. b. Project components In accordance with the construction conditions, the design principles, industry development models and the industry selection principles, the project covers four components including the

18 世行贷款贫困片区产业扶贫试点示范项目（甘肃）环境影响评价报告

integrated value chain development component, the public infrastructure and service support component, the institutional and policy studies on poverty reduction component, and the project management and monitoring component. （1） The Integrated Value Chain Development This component will mainly support the cooperative development, the activities being carried out by the cooperatives, and training and technical services for households. And it is to establish 215 farmers’ professional cooperatives for cattle, sheep and pig breedings, and patato and apple productions in 241 project villages of 16 counties. （2） Pbulic Infrastructure and Service Support This component will mainly support the constructions of roads, tractor roads, irrigation and drainage facilities, public market facilities and incubation centers, and provide financial services and trainings. （3） The Institutional and Policy Studies on Poverty Reduction This component is to support the studies on poverty reduction and rural pillar industry development, and wrap-up project implementation experience. It includes: the study on industry development model by supporting cooperatives in Liu Panshan Mountains; the study on policy arrangements and the pathway of service supports of cooperatives and the financial supports to households; the study on the benefit sharing arrangement for sustainable cooperative development; the study on models for setting up public markets, extending value chain, avoiding risks and achieving industrial upgrading; and the study on the roles and responsibilities of incubation center, cooperative, financial institution and household in poverty reduction. （4） Project Management, Monitoring and Evaluation Component This component is to establish the project management institutions at provincial, city, county and township levels, establish the management, monitoring and evaluation arrangements and regulations, develop the indicator system, and to purchase relevant equipment including 428 sets of office equipment and 21 vehicles. More details are shown in Table 2.2-1

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Project Location Map

20 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) Table 2.3-1 Key Project Activities and Costs

Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） Total 72000 Integrated value chain

development Cooperative development To set up 215 cooperatives. Management facilities To set up 16 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices, 7000m2 of Civil works animal sheds, 640m2 of forage storages, 320m2 of epidemic prevention station 990 24.89 and 6000m3 of silage pit for each cooperative. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 19.2 0.48 An’ding cooperative. District To purchase 96 silage cutters, 32 sterilizing machines, 7 TMRs, 33 sets of Other equipment epidemic prevention equipment, 112 grounders, 112 silage mixers, 64 kneading 994.9 25.01 machines and 16 farming vehicles. Management training 20 0.50 To provide training for 8263 person-times. Household training 78.63 1.98 To set up 15 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices, 600m2 of Civil works animal sheds,600m2 of epidemic prevention station and 15000m3 of silage pit for 711.6 20.29 each cooperative. To provide 15 cooperatives with 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office Gulang Office equipment 18 0.51 furniture for each. County To purchase 1 harvester, 1 refrigerator, 5 TMRs and 50 sets of epidemic prevention Other equipment 324.5 9.25 equipment for each of 15 cooperatives. Management training To provide 400 person-times of management training. 20 0.57 Household training To provide 7160 person-times of household training. 71.6 2.04 To set up 12 cooperatives with provision of 100m2 of offices and 12 epidemic Civil works 234 8.93 prevention stations with each of 30m2. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 14.4 0.55 Heshui cooperative Other equipment To purchase 12 farming vehicles, 288 film mulching machines and 120 sprayers. 90 3.43 Management training To provide 400 person-times of management training. 20 0.76 Household training To provide 9121 person-times of household training. 91.21 34.67 To set up 16 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices, 8799m2 of Huachi Civil works 1031.9 32.94 animal sheds, 1600m2 of forage storages, 480m2 of epidemic prevention station

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） and 8799m3 of silage pit for each cooperative. Office equipment To provide 16 computer, 16 printer and 16 sets of office furniture. 19.2 0.61 To purchase 16 silage cutters, 16 silage paching machines, 16 pellet machines, 16 Other equipment sets of epidemic prevention equipment (including injector and refrigerator), 16 138.4 4.42 refrigerators and 2 TMRs. Management training To provide 402 person-days of management training. 20.1 0.64 Household training To provide 2539 person-times of household training. 25.39 0.81 To set up 16 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices, 2700m2 of Civil works 493 16.85 animal sheds, 800m2 of forage storages and 960m2 of collection room. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 19.2 0.66 Huanxia cooperative. n To purchase 16 film mulching machines, 16 harvesters, 16 silage paching machines, Other equipment 611.2 20.89 16 TMRs and 16 sets of epidemic prevention equipment. Management training To provide 400 person-times of management training for each cooperative each year. 20 0.68 Household training To provide 1003 person-times of household training. 10.03 0.34 To set up 10 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of office for each Civil works 150 4.18 cooperative. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 12 0.33 cooperative. Jinning To purchase 100 cultivators, 100 film mulching machines, 50 sprayers and Other equipment 653.75 18.20 construct 65ha of hail protection net. To provide 375 person-times of management training at the first two years of project Management training 18.75 0.52 implementation. Household training To provide 9367 person-times of technical training. 93.67 2.61 To set up 12 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices for each Civil works 180 5.32 cooperative. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Longxi Office equipment 14.4 0.43 cooperative. Management training To provide 300 person-times of management training. 15 0.44 Household training To provide 5095 person-times of household training. 50.95 1.50 To set up 20 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices, 10000m2 of animal Civil works sheds, 2000m2 of forage storage and 500 m2 of epidemic prevention station for each 1175 33.27 cooperative. Minxian To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 24 0.68 cooperative. Other equipment To purchase 100 silage cutters, 20 sterilizing machines, 2 TMRs, 20 sets of 284 8.04

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） epidemic prevention equipment, 20 refrigerators and 100 grounders. Management training To provide 500 person-times of management training. 25 0.71 Household training To provide 7400 person-times of household training. 74 2.10 To set up cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices and 10340m3 of Civil works 520.2 13.70 silage pit for each cooperative. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 16.8 0.44 cooperative. Tongwei To purchase 14 silage cutters, 14 kneading machines, 14 harvesters, 14 sterilizing Other equipment 288.4 7.59 machines, 14 silage packing machines and 14 sets of epidemic prevention equipment. Management training To provide 276 person-times of management training. 13.8 0.36 Household training To provide 4671 person-times of household training. 46.71 1.23 To set up 18 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices, 6300m2 of Civil works animal sheds, 3000m2 of forage storages, 360m2 of epidemic prevention station, 1194 30.01 600m2 of collection room and 6300m3 of silage pit for each cooperative. Weiyuan To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 21.6 0.54 cooperative. Management training To provide 450 person-times of management training. 22.5 0.57 Household training To provide 5350 person-times of household training. 53.5 1.34 To set up 12 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices, 5000m2 of Civil works animal sheds, 142m2 of forage storages, 140m2 of epidemic prevention station 560.1 15.18 and 900m3 of silage pit for each cooperative. Yongjin To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each g Office equipment 14.4 0.39 cooperative. Management training To provide 300 person-times of management training. 15 0.41 Household training To provide 7014 person-times of household training. 70.14 1.90 To set up cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices, 14200m2 of animal Civil works sheds, 720m2 of forage storages and 180m2 of epidemic prevention station for 1237 34.35 each cooperative. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 14.4 0.40 Zhang cooperative. Jiachuan To purchase 60 silage cutters, 12 sterilizing machines, 24 silage packing machines, Other equipment 23 sets of epidemic prevention machines, 12 refrigerators, 24 grounders and 24 289.1 8.03 kneading machines. Management training To provide 500 person-days of management training. 25 0.69 Household training To provide 11279 person-days of household training. 112.79 3.13 Zhengni Civil works To set up 13 cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices for each 195 7.45

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） ng cooperative. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 15.6 0.60 cooperative. Other equipment To purchase 39 cultivators. 19.5 0.75 Management training To provide 400 person-times of management training. 20 0.76 Household training To purchase 8840 person-times of household training. 88.4 3.38 To set up cooperatives with the provision of 100m2 of offices for each Civil works 165 4.58 cooperative in 11 villages. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 13.2 0.30 Zhuangl cooperative. ang Other equipment To purchase hail protection nets for 114ha of orchards and 66 cultivators. 1059 29.37 Management training To provide 400 person-days of management training. 20 0.55 Household training To provide 7750 person-days of household training. 78 2.16 To build 100m2 of offices, 18000m2 of animal sheds, 14200m2 of forage storages, Civil works 1542 300m2 of epidemic prevention station and 3000m3 of silage pits. 39.21 To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 7.2 0.18 cooperative. Dongxia To purchase 6 cultivators, 6 silage cutters, 6 sterilizing machines,6 silage packing ng Other equipment machines, 6 grounders, 6 TMRs, 6 sets of epidemic prevention equipment, 6 173.4 4.21 refrigerators and 6 farming vehicles. Management training To provide 325 person-times of management training. 16.25 0.41 Household training To provide 8312 person-times of household training. 83.12 2.12 To set up cooperatives with the provision of 1200m2 of offices,21017m2 of Civil works animal sheds, 486m2 of forage storages, 360m2 of epidemic prevention station 2149.49 54.40 and 14000m3 of silage pits. To provide 1 computer, 1 printer and 1 set of office furniture for each Office equipment 14.4 0.36 cooperative. Lintao To purchase 25 silage cutters, 24 sterilizing machines, 12 grounders, 6 TMRs, 12 Other equipment sets of epidemic prevention equipment, 12 refrigerators, 25 pellet machines, 12 272.3 6.89 silage mixers and 12 kneading machines. Management training To provide 400 person-times of management training. 20 0.51 Household training To provide 7841 person-times of household training. 102.4 2.36 Conditional grant to cooperatives To purchase 12604 ewes fro 16 villages of 2 township, set up 80 domestration An’ding Sheep breeding 1512.48 38.03 households and provide supports to 2420 poor households.

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） To purchase 488 poll dorest or sulffork ram for hybridizing with 12604 local ewes or Procurement of fine variety ram 292.8 7.36 small tail han sheep. Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and Market development 49.4 1.24 tracing; logistics and food safety; information platform maintenance. To develop 17779 small tail han ewes for 16 villages of Huang Yangchuan Town, Sheep breeding 2133.48 60.82 Hengliang Township and Gancheng Township. Gulang Procurement of fine variety ram To purchase 125 dorset or sulffork rams for 3 fine variety reproduction farms. 75 2.14 Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and Market development 64 1.82 tracing; logistics and food safety; information platform maintenance. Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and Market development 174 6.64 tracing; logistics and food safety; information platform maintenance. Heshui To adopt standard management measures in the low-yield apple orchard and built Standard orchard management 1041.1936 39.73 629.12ha of standard apple orchard. Storage pit for apples To build 312 apple storage pits. 936 35.71 1500 households will be included into the sheep breeding scheme. And the Procurement of fine variety ewe cooperatives will adopt the sustainable development approach by giving sheep and 1102.2 35.18 returning with lamb. The cooperatives will provide 9185 small tail han sheep. Procurement of fine variety ram To purchase 300 rams for reproduction of fine variety. 180 5.75 Grass production To plant 600ha of alfafa. 255.6 8.16 Huachi To build one meat storage room (including acid discharge room, fast cooling room Storage facilities 70 2.23 and freezing room). To build one market for live animal and poultry trading (including information markets 300 9.58 platform, trading area, service area and parking lot etc.). Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and Market development 174 5.55 tracing; logistics and food safety; information platform maintenance. The cooperatives will adopt the sustainable development approach by providing sheep for breeding and returing with lamb. And the cooperatives will provide 12246 sheep with one ram for 10 ewes. The cost of ewe will be shared by project, Procurement of fine variety ewe 1469.52 50.22 cooperative and household at 50%, 30% and 20% separately. And the cost of ram will be beard by the project. And the cooperatives will set up the platform for ram Huanxia exchanging. n Procurement of fine variety ram To purchase 100 fine variety rams. 60 2.05 Storage facilities Fresh meat storage room: to select 2 cooperatives for establishing the storage rooms. 140 4.78 markets To set up 3 markets for live animal and poultry trading. 750 57.74 Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and Market development 83 2.84 tracing; logistics and fo food safety; information platform maintenance. Jinning Market development Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and 77 2.14

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） tracing; logistics and food safety; information platform maintenance. Standard orchard management To develop 913.87ha of orchards for standard management. 1542.2 42.93 Formula fertilization To apply formula fertilization for 828ha of lands. 1024.65 28.52 To develop 92ha of colonopsis pilosula seedling bases in 12 villages of Shouyang, Codonopsis pilosula seedling 1012.92 29.91 Fuxing, Kezhai, Shuangquan and Dexing townships. To develop 121.37ha of astragalus mongholicus seedling bases in 12 villages of Astragalus mongholicus seedling 782.84 23.12 Shouyang, Fuxing, Kezhai, Shuangquan and Dexing townships. To develop 105ha of codonopsis pilosula production as the GAP demonstration in 12 Codonopsis pilosula production villages of Shouyang, Fuxing, Kezhai, Shuangquan and Dexing townships with the 481.95 14.23 adopting of biological usage of straws to improve soil erosion. Longxi To set up 12 workshops for preliminary processing of herbal medicines in each cooperative of Shouyang Town (36 workshop in total); and to set up 7 workshops in Product processing 198 5.85 each cooperative of Fuxing, Kezhai, Shuangquan and Dexing townships (63 workshops in total), totaling to 99 workshops. To build one storage room for storing of herbal medicine for each cooperative (12 Storage facilities 576 17.01 storage rooms for 12 cooperatives) with the capacity of 400t to 500t. Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and Market development 54 1.59 tracing; logistics and food safety; information platform maintenance. Sheep breeding To develop 8379 Tibetan ewes. 1005.48 28.47 Minxian Procurement of fine variety ram To purchase 276 Tibetan rams with the coverage of 2000 households. 165.6 4.69 Pig breeding To breed 4000 herbal medicine pigs with the coverage of 800 households. 640 18.12 To purchase 2745 Qinchuan or Simmental cowes to produce fine variety of cattle for Cattle breeding 5 villages of Biyu Township including Shitan, Nancha, Lichuan, Biyu and 2196 57.81 Zhuchuan villages. Tongwei Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and Market analysis and development 150 3.95 tracing; logistics and food safety; information platform maintenance. PPP To provide training and technical services up to 400 person-times. 4 0.09 To purchase 6399 small tail han ewes for 10 viilages of Qingyuan, Shangwan, Sheep breeding 768 19.30 Wuzhu and Huichuan townships. To purchase 150 dorest or surfollk rams for 10 villages of Qingyuan, Procurement of fine variety ram 90 2.07 Shangwan,Wuzhu and Huichuan townships. To produce 203.81ha of grasses in 10 villages of Qingyuan, Shangwan, Wuzhu Weiyuan Grass production 86.82 2.00 and Huichuan townships. Breeding of the 1st class potato To reproduce 400ha of the 1st class potato seeds in 12 villages of Huichuan and 445.2 10.26 seeds Wuzhu towns. To reproduce 350ha of origin potato seeds in 12 villages of Huichuan and Wuzhu Breeding of the origin potato seeds 739.73 17.04 towns.

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） Storage room for potatos To set up 8 storage rooms in Huichuan and Wuzhu towns. 400 9.21 Storage room for fresh meat To set up one fresh meat storage room in Shi Tougou village of Wuzhu Town. 70 1.61 To purchase 6371 small tail han sheep for 18 villages of 4 townships with 5 Sheep breeding sheep for each household. And it will support 1500 households in breeding and 764.52 20.72 set up 90 demonstration households. To produce 140ha of the 1st class of No.3 Long potato in 18 villages of 4 Breeding of the 1st class potato townships with 5mu of production for each household. And it will support 3000 1113 25.72 Yongjin seeds households in production and establish 100 households as the demonstrations. g To produce 1000ha of the 1st class of No.3 Long potato in 5 villages of Yangta Breeding of the origin potato seeds township with 3mu of production for each household. And it will support 1200 295.89 8.02 households in production and establish 50 households as the demonstrations. It will build 75 storage rooms with the capacity of 10t for each in 12 villages of 4 Storage room for potatos 75 townships. 2.03 To purchase 190 cows for fine variety reproduction and expand the Honghua Cattle Cattle breeding 1772.8 49.23 of Zhang Jiachuan. To produce 230ha of sainfoin and improve the animal breeding method by adopting Grass production 97.98 2.26 the shed breeding. Zhang To build one market for live animal and poultry trading by relying on the cattle Jiachuan breeding cooperative of Jinchuan Village of Malu Township with the coverage of Market for live animal and poultry 65906 people, 12619 households and 4 townships. The market will occupy 12mu of 290 6.70 trading (average unit price) lands including traing area, breeding area, service area, waste treatment area and parking lot. Market for potato trading One market. 290 6.70 Upgrading of the old orchard To upgrade 4382ha of apple trees in 13 villages. 558.705 21.35 Zhengni Formula fertilization 171ha 211.6125 8.09 ng Storage room for apple 150 storage rooms 450 17.20 Standard orchard management 1320.89ha 2186.07 60.63 Zhuangl CNY350 thousand for product package, design and certification; ang Market development CNY250thousand for quality standard, label, certification and tracing; CNY50 65 1.80 thousand for information platform maintenance. Sheep breeding To purchase 15671 ewes. 1880.52 47.93 To purchase 300 rams (10 rams for each cooperative per year, totaling to 60 rams Dongxia Procurement of fine variety ram 180 4.37 for eachcooperative). ng Product package, design and certification; quality standard, label, certification and Market development 21 0.51 tracing; logistics and food safety; information platform maintenance. Lintao Procurement of fine variety ewe To purchase 9311 ewes. 1117.32 28.28

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） Procurement of fine variety ram To purchase 372.44 rams for reproduction. 223.464 5.66 PPP To provide training and services up to 1000 person-days. 10 0.25 CNY350 thousand for product package, design and certification; Market development CNY250thousand for quality standard, label, certification and tracing; CNY50 46 1.16 thousand for information platform maintenance. Public infrastructure and service

support Office building rent To rent 80m2 office buildings at the cost of CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.23 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.25 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. An’ding Payment of consultants and To provide consultation service by employing staff. 24 0.60 employed staff Guarantee fund To establish the guarantee funds with the amount of CNY7 million. 700 16.11 Irrigation and drainage To build one water tank. 385 8.70 Public service Food safety examination and control. 22 0.50 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 9.44 Gulang cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Payment of consultants and To provide consultation service by employing staff. 10 0.23 employed staff Payment of cooperative facilitator 72 1.63 Road concrete To concrete road pavement up to 40km. 1280 90.01 Office building rent To rent buildings for incubation center at the cost of CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.23 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.23 Heshui cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Payment of consultants and To provide consultation service by employing staff. 10 0.23 employed staff Guarantee fund To establish the guarantee funds with the amount of CNY4 million. 400 9.19 In order to improve the transportation for sheep breeding, it is to construct 12kmof roads with sand surface, 4.5m wide of road base, 3.5m wide of surface Production roads and terrace lands 271.44 29.87 and 18cm thick of sand surface in 4 villages of 2 townships; and to build 130ha Huachi of terrace lands to provide straws for sheep breeding. Irrigation and drainage To construct 530 wells to provide drinking water for sheep breeding. 106 11.66 Powere facilities To build 20km of electricity lines to meet power shortage of cooperatives. 160 17.6 Office building rent To rent buildings for incubation center at the cost of CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.23 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.23 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures.

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） Payment of consultants and To provide consultation services by employing staff. 10 0.23 employed staff Guarantee fund To set up the guarantee funds with the amount of CNY4 million. 400 9.19 Production roads and terrace lands To construct 16km of roads with sand surface. 101.92 7.85 To construct 1500 water tanks with 15m3 of each tank to meet increased water Irrigation and drainage—water tand 300 6.53 Huanxia demand of sheep breeding. n Powere facilities To build 6km of rural power lines for 16 cooperatives. 48 3.70 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 9.61 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. To expand 70km of field roads with sand surface including a 6km road each in Michaand Wacha villages of Xixiang township, a 8km road in Xiwan village and a 10km road in Gaoliu village of Gucheng township, a 6km road each in Yuhuang and Zhangzi villages of Hongsi township, a 4km road each in Sifu and Production roads and terrace lands Weiwan villages of Jie Shipu town, and a 8km road in Yangchuan village and a 445.9 9.76 12km road in Shangma village of Siqiao township. The roads will be constructed Jinning for three years and started at the third year of project implementation with 20km roads completed in the third year, 30km roads in the fourth year and 20km roads in the fifth year. Office building rent CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.22 To purchase 3 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 1 digital Office equipment 9.1 0.20 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Production roads and terrace lands To concrete 24km of production roads for herbal medicine production. 384 8.38 Office building rent To rent office buildings at the cost of CNY100 thousand. 10 0.22 Longxi To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.22 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. To concrete 10km of production roads in villages: Qingtu to Gashan (2km), Zhujia village to Qiao Jiagou village (1.5km), Baoshe village to Xiaolin village Production roads and terrace lands (1km), No.1 group of Dujia village to No.2 group of Dujia village (1km), No.5 320 7.37 group to No.6 group of Zhuan Tazhai village (1km), 1km road in Yucao village, a 1km road in Hongya village and a 1.5km road in Chatao village. Minxian Office building rent To rent office buildings. 10 0.23 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.23 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Food safety examination and control, product promotion, information platform, Public services 40 7.98 and cooperative facilitator, CNY400 thousand in total. Tongwei Office building rent To rent office buildings. 10 0.23

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.23 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Guarantee fund To set up the guarantee funds with the amount of CNY6 million. 600 13.8 Payment of consultants and employed CNY100 thousand for consultation with CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.23 staff Production roads and terrace lands To construct 5km of roads with sand surface. 31.85 0.73 Market facilities To build 1 market at Wuzhu Town for potato trading. 136 3.13 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Weiyuan Office equipment 10.1 0.23 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Food safety examination and control, product promotion, information platform, Public services 67 0.23 and cooperative facilitator, CNY670 thousand in total. To construct 12 roads with the total length of 16.91km in 12 villages of 4 Production roads and terrace lands tonwhsips. The roads will be constructed with 4.5m wide of base, 3.5m wide of 107.7167 2.49 road surface and 18cm thick of sand pavement. Office building rent To rend office buildings at the cost of CNY20 thousand. 10 0.23 Yongjin To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital g Office equipment 10.1 0.23 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Payment of consultants and CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.23 employed staff Guarantee fund To set up the guarantee funds with the amounty of CNY5 million. 500 11.55 Office building rent To rent 100m2 of office buildings at the cost of CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.23 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.23 Zhang cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Jiachuan Payment of consultants and To pay the consultants and the employed staff at the cost of CNY20 thousand per 10 0.23 employed staff year. Guarantee fund To set up the guarantee funds with amount of CNY5 million. 500 11.55 To concrete 7km of roads with cement pavement and 22km roads with sand Production roads and terrace lands 364.14 8.37 pavement. Irrigation and drainage To build 20km of irrigation pipes. 80 1.84 Zhengni To rent office buildings for incubation center at the cost of CNY20 thousand per ng Office building rent 10 0.23 year. To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.23 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Payment of consultants and To provide consultation service once a year. 10 0.23 employed staff Guarantee fund To set up the guarantee funds with amount of CNY5 million. 500 11.49

- 30 - EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） Production roads and terrace lands To construct 50km of roads with sand pavement. 318.5 7.36 Office building rent To rent office buildings at the cost of CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0. 23 To purchase 3 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Zhuangl Office equipment 6.9 0.16 cameras, 1 photocopier and 3 sets of office furnitures. ang Payment of consultants and To engage consultants to provide consultation services on the production, storage 10 0.23 employed staff and marketing of fruits. Guarantee fund To set up the guarantee funds with the amount of CNY4 million. 400 9.24 Incubation center To establish one incubation center in Dongxiang County. 97.5 2.37 Office building rent To rent office buildings at the cost of CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.24 Dongxia training To delivery training for 50 person-times. 17.5 0.42 ng Payment of consultants and To engage consultants to provide consultation services on the production, storage 10 0.24 employed staff and marketing of fruits. Payment of cooperative facilitator 60 1.46 Office building rent To rent office buildings at the cost of CNY20 thousand per year. 10 0.23 To purchase 5 computers, 2 laptop computers, 2 printers, 1 projector, 2 digital Office equipment 10.1 0.23 cameras, 1 photocopier and 5 sets of office furnitures. Lintao Payment of consultants and To engage one consultant per year. 10 0.23 employed staff Guarantee fund To set up the guarantee funds with the amount of CNY4 million. 400 9.21 Project management, monitoring

and evaluation Vehicle 1 vehicle 18 0.41 Taining and study 846 training in the province and 574 domestic study tours 1 0.025 Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation An’ding (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in Project management 105 2.42 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.41 Domestic training and study tours: 10 person-time/year, 50 person-times in total; Taining and study 40 0.90 cost: CNY80 thousand/year, CNY400 thousand in total. Gulang Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total); consultation (10 people/county/year, 50 people in total, Project management 85 1.92 CNY20 thousand/year, CNY100 thousand in total); CNY250 thousand for project inspection. Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.41

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.94 person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Heshui Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.41 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.41 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.94 Huachi person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.41 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.39 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.89 Huanxia person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. n Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.29 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.39 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.90 Jinning person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.30 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.39 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.89 Longxi person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.29 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.41 Minxian Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Taining and study 41 0.94 cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.42 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.41 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.94 Tongwei person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.42 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Domestic training and study tours: 10 person-time/year, 50 person-times in total; Training and study 40 0.92 cost: CNY80 thousand/year, CNY400 thousand in total. Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Weiyuan Operation cost (10 people/year, 50 people in total, CNY20 thousand/year, CNY100 thousand in 85 1.96 total); project inspection (CNY50 thousand/year, CNY250 thousand in total). Monitoring and evaluation One in 2016 and one in 2018 10.4 0.24 Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.42 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Yongjin Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.95 person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. g Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.43 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.42 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.95 Zhang person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Jiachuan Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.43 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.41 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Zhengni Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.94 ng person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Project management Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation 105 2.41

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Project Cost Propor Name of Locatio Activities （ CNY1, tion Component/Sub-component n 000） （%） (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.42 Domestic training and study tours: 20 person-time/year, 100 person-times in total; Zhangla Taining and study cost: CNY70 thousand/year, CNY350 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 41 0.95 person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. ng Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.43 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Domestic training and study tours: 10 person-time/year, 50 person-times in total; Training and study cost: CNY80 thousand/year, CNY400 thousand in total; overseas study tours: 2 46 1.12 person-time, cost: CNY60thousand in total. Dongxia Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation ng Operation cost (10 people/year, 50 people in total, CNY20 thousand/year, CNY100 thousand in 85 2.06 total); project inspection (CNY50 thousand/year, CNY250 thousand in total). Monitoring and evaluation 13.17 0.32 Transportation tool 1 vehicle 18 0.41 Domestic training and study tours: 80 person-time in total; overseas study tour: 2 Taining and study 34 0.78 person-time. Lintao Meeting (twice/year, 10 times in total; CNY500 thousand in total); consultation Project management (5people/year, 25 people in total, CNY10 thousand/year, CNY50 thousand in 105 2.42 total); project management (CNY100 thousand/year, CNY500 thousand in total). Other costs Contingency, interests during construction period, the front-end fee

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2.3 Technical Standards of Project Constructions

2.3.1 Concrete Road Pavement Road with sand pavement: sands requirement per km is 1000m*8m*0.2m=1600m3; road base: 4.5m wide; road surface: 3.5m wide; sand pavement: 18cm thick. The minimum bending radius: 8-10/m; the transverse slope: 1.5％; designed load: BZZ-100 and the maximum speeding rate: 12km/h。 The national standards on class IV roads: C30 cement (30Kmt compressive strength, 4.8Kmt flexual strength), C30 cement surface + 15cm thick, 5% cement stablizing grave-sand base + 15cm thick, natural grave sub-base, 4m wide *18cm thick. 2.3.2 Room for potato storage In accordance with the wet and temperature required, the brick and concrete structure with semi-underground or above-ground will be selected for the construction. The storage room will be constructed with the construction area more than 550m2, 4m of height and the utilization area more than 500m2 to reach 500t of storage capacity. Besides those, the storage room will be equipped with ventilation facilities to ensure good ventilation and easy discharge of water outside the storage room. 1. Ceiling: option1: three types of materials will be used in construction. The insulting layer will be the bottom base with 20cm thick of vermiculites. The buffer layer will be at the middle with 0.08mm to 0.12mm thick of plastic films. And the waterproof layer will be at the top with herringbone structure of color coated steel sheet or other waterproof materials at 30 degrees of slope Option 2: the top layer can be constructed with concrete pouring. 2. Thick requirement for external wall: the adoption of 24cm brick wall with 10cm of thick polystyrene board or other insulting materials to meet temperature requirement. 3. Ventilation requirement: the ventilation facilities are required at the top and both ends of the room. The top ventilator will be established with 5m of separating space and 2m of row space. And one ventilator will be established at each end at 40*40cm or 60*60cm. 2.3.3 The room for fruit storage 1. The structure and size 1.1 Based on local temperature, the underground structure will be adopted with 1m of soil coverage at the top of storage room (the local frozen soil layer is between 80cm to 82cm). 1.2 Size: 16.8m long X 3.6m wide X 2.8m high. The size can be adjusted based on local landform. But the horizontal span should be less than or equal to 3.6m.

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2. Earthworks The machinery excavation will be used for foundation ditch with 4.5m of excavation depth. Strip excavation will be used for surroundings with 1.2m of wide and 0.8m of excavation depth. The bar wall foundation trench will be established with 30cm thick lime soil compaction at 1:3 sloping coefficient. 3. Terrace The terrace will be constructed with the adoption of trinity mixture fill (cement: lime: soil = 1:2:7) at 30cm of depth and two layer compaction. 4. Ventilation 4.1 Natural ventilation will be adopted. 4.2 The ventilating duct will be constructed with 24cm thick of brick wall at 30cm high, 30cm wide and 6cm thick of fence coverage. The location of ventilating duct is shown in the floor map (P29 to 29 in operation manual). 4.3 Exhaust duct outside the storage room The exhaust duct will be constructed at the 2/3 height of the wall opposite to the door and connected with the outside ventilation duct. The size is 1mX1m. The intake will be equipped with the air shield to adjust the size of intake. The exhaust duct is square or cylinder shaped with 1.0cm of bottom diameter and 0.8cm of top diameter. The exhaust duck is 4 to 5m higher than the ceiling of storage room. The air conditional pit with 1m of diameter and 0.5 deep will be excavated at the bottom of the exhaust duct. And the pit will be constructed with its wall at 24cm thick with M7.5 grouting mortar and M10 bricks. 2.3.4 Plastic Ceiling Sheep Shed

The sheep shed is designed as semi-closed, which is convenient for covering with plastics at winter seasons. And it faces the sun and can keep warm. The ground can be either solid or slotted. And the floor can be produced with brick, wood or slotted wood etc. The ventilation window is 40cm high and 60cm wide and constructed at the 1.4m height of the back-wall. The feeding trough for meat sheep is the fixed trough with 23cm high, 23cm wide and 14cm thick. The shed area depends on the number of sheep in the sheds. The adult sheep occupies 0.8m2 to 1.2m2. Besides those, the lambing chamber will be considered with the construction of sheep sheds. The number of lamb can be calculated by 20% to 25% of total ewe. And each ewe will occupy the area of 2m2 to 2.5m2. 2.3.5 Silage Ammonia Pool The pool will be constructed by 10m3 for each and with brick and cement structure. The

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inner wall will be screeded with cement. The four angles of the wall will be screeded as arches, which can allow silage to sink evenly during fermentation. And a small piece of land will be left at the bottom of the pool, which can discharge the extra juice of forage. Each household will construct one pool. 2.3.6 Market for Live Animal and Poultry Trading （1）Requirement: the market is divided into office area, trading area and temperary breeding area. （2）Construction specifications： 1）To concrete the ground, build 2m high brick wall and open a sterilizing pool of 3m wide, 6m long and 0.1m deep at the entrance. 2）To build the guard room and the epidemic examination room at the sides of the entrance. The office area will be built at the side of the epidemic examination room. And the insulated breeding area will be built at the side of guard room with tap-water and drainage facilities inside. 3）The trading area will be built at the middle with easy access from all directions and is convenient for cleaning and sewage discharge. 4）3m wide tree belts will be built at the oopsite of the entrance. 2 slope concreted platforms will be built at one side of the trading area (vehicle exist) for loading and unloading of animals, which is far away from trading area and has waste water treatment facilities, toilets, water and electricity facilities. 5） To build one concrete pillar for each 5m2 in trading area with four hoops to plug the animal; 6）To assign 3 to 4 veterinarians to the trading area for animal examination and carry out regular sterilization; 7）The market dealers is responsible for the transportation and the adoption of animals.

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2.4 Due Diligency Investigation and Related Activities Based on project activities and investigation, no other project will take or compete resourceswith the proposed project in project areas. The due diligency investigation has been carried out to all down-reach enterprises. The majority of enterprises are involved in simple selection and packaging of fruits. Only a few enterprises will bring environment impacts. Therefore, the due diligency investigation is carried out to those enterprises. The results are shown in Table 2.5-1.

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39 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) Table2.5-1 Due Diligency Investigation on Relevant Institutions

Current Time in Relation to Situatio Name Scale Commi Technical Process Diligency Investigation Project n ssion

It has 2 standard sheep sheds with the area of 2320m2, 3 plastic ceiling sheds with the area of 1400m2, 2 To clean the animal fecal regularly and Lv Ye greenhouses for forage To purchase ram and the fermented fecal will be sold to the Animal production with the area of ewe--reproduction—breedin neighborhood for farming; to provide Husbanda 780m2, 2 silage To provide 2011 g—provide the sheep Construc harmless treatment of dead sheep and ry Co. ammoniatation pools with livestock and breed—provide technical ted carry out regular disinfection; to keep Ltd of the area of 500m2 and 8 poultry. services—collect the environment clean and hygene. The Huachi store rooms with the area of lamb—breeding--fattening noise meets the class II criteria of the County 200m2. And it has 1 sandard （GB12348-2008）. comprehensive office building with the area of 900m2. Besides those, it has 55 bred rams and 660 sheep. Renovati on of The six indicators in processed waste cooked It is to construct one water including pH、COD、SS、BOD5, meat low-temperature ammonia and petroleum meet the productio pretreatment workshop with The slaughter and standard（GB13457-92）; n line of the area of 324m2 and one Slaugher, processing, packaging processing of (2) The waste gas emission meet the Yi Wei switch board room with the and marketing of livestock and livestock and construct 2007 poultry products (the company criteria of the standard Zhen area of 22m2. After the poultry is ed has the muslim brand called Yi （GB13271-2001）; Muslism completion, the company Weisi). supported under Food Co. can process 694 tons of meat the project. (3) The monitoring results on four Ltd of and produce 500 tons of points with one each on the east, the Zhang meat products annually. west, the north and the south meet the Jiachuan standard (GB12348-2008）. county

40 EIA Report of Poverty Allevation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

3 The Baseline Situation of Environment Quality and Social Status 3.1 Natural Condition of Project Sites

Project Natural Status area Dingxi city is located in the central of Gansu, connecting Lanzhou and Baiyin city in the north, adjacent Pingliang, Tianshui to the east, bordering Longnan city to the south and crossing Gannan, Linxia prefecture to the west. The total area of Dingxi city is 19609km2, with about about 1640 ~ 3900 meters Anding high. Its terrain is covered by the hilly-gully loess plateau, with a total area of 3638km2. Divided by the district Wei River, it separately has two types of natural status including loess hilly-gully region in the northern and cold damp area in the southern. It is 1750-2580 meters above sea level, with annual average rainfall of 380 mm or so, the evaporation capacity up to 1526 mm, which is a typical arid and semi-arid region. The average annual temperature 7 ℃, frost-free period 100-160 days. GuLang county is located at the east side of the hexi corridor in Gansu province, the north of Qilian mountains and the southern margin of Tengger desert. It is positioned in the east longitude 102 ° 38 '- 103 ° 54', north latitude 37 ° 09 'to 37 ° 54', and respectively connects JingTai county and Tianzhu county in the southeast, bordering Liangzhou district of Wuwei city in the northwest, linking tengger desert in the north and connected with the Inner Mongolia autonomous region. The total length of the county is about 102 km long extending from east to west, and about 88 km wide from north to south, with total area of 5103 square kilometers. GuLang County is located in the center of inland, belongs to the arid desert natural area. Its geological structure is diversified as the successive mountains along to Qilian mountains in the south, the alluvial diluvia fan plain in the middle frequently flooded by Gulang Gulang River and Dajing River etc, and the vast Tengger desert in the north. Its terrain tilts from south to north, with 1550-3770 m high above sea level, which successively is distributed following 4 different type county zone including the highland of Qilian mountain, hills along the lower mountains, the alluvial diluvia fan plan, and the wind erosion desert area in the north. On the landform, it has formed 3 types of natural zones, covering the Qilian mountain area in the southern (high and damp mountain area, lower mountain arid zone), the central plains irrigated area (river irrigation area, well irrigation area, and Yellow River irrigated area) and Tengger desert in northern area. Generally, mountains, lower land and desert respectively accounts for one third of its total terrain. In Gulang county, its average temperature is 6.5 ℃, extreme maximum temperature 35 ℃, extreme minimum temperature - 29 ℃, the annual sunshine hours 2678.9 hours, and 10 ℃ accumulated temperature days is 149 days, annual average rainfall of 345.4 mm, annual evaporation is 1892.1 mm, frost-free period 177 days, annual average wind speed of 5 to 7 m/s, windy days 187 days, sandstorm days 47 days. Huachi county is located in the east of Gansu and northeast of Qingyang city, bordering the counties of Zhidan, Wuqi and Dingbian in Shaanxi province in the northeast, and adjoining the counties of Huan county, Qingcheng and Heshui in the southwest. It is positioned in east longitude 107 ° 29 '- 108 ° 33', latitude 36 ° 07 '- 36 ° 51'. Totally, there are 4 urban towns, 11 rural townships attached to the county, including Yuele town, Rouyuan town, Yuancheng town, Nanliang town, Chenghao township, Wujiao Huachi township, Shangliyuan township, Wangzhuizi township, Baima township, Huaian township, Qiaochuan county township, Qiaohe township, Shanzhuang township, Linzheng towns, Zifangpan township. The county government office is located in Rouyuan township. Its total land area is 3776 square kilometers, with a total population of 131000, which consists 13 minority ethnics including Han, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Uygur, Mia, Zhuang, Man, Dong, Tu, Yi, Buyi and Korea. The economy growth of the county is based on semi farming-grazing agriculture production. The natural secondly forest is mostly distributed in the eastern mountain of the county, while grassland mostly in the western

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area of the county. Huachi county is geologically located in the hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau, combining mountains, lower land and hills etc interlocked. The county is in the height of 1100-1100 meters above sea level, annual average rainfall of 510 mm, annual average temperature 8.7 ℃, and frost-free period 178 days. The county is divided into three categories area: the northern farming and pastoral areas, which processes broad meadows and ought to develop animal husbandry; South central plain agricultural areas, where loose soil is fertile and adaptable to the development of agriculture, where is also a major farming area and breadbasket county; Plain damp area in the east, where the terrain is lower and flat, enjoying fertile land and humid climate, with superior condition for farming and grazing. There are 4 rivers passing through the county, which respectively are Yuanchengchuang River, Rouyuanchuan River, Chenghaochuan River, Erjiangchuan River, which contributes over 4million m3 of total annual runoff. Heshui county, located in the southeast of Qingyang city, Gansu province, the west of Ziwuling mountains. It borders Fu county, Shaanxi province in the east, Links Qingcheng county in the west, connects Ning county in the south and adjoins Huachi county and Zhidan county of Shaanxi province in the north. Heshui county is positioned at the Loess Plateau, the east of Gansu, at the location of the longitude 107 ° 51 '- 108 ° 42', latitude 35 ° 36 '- 36 °37', an average elevation of 1450 meters. The terrain of Heshui county is interlocked by the high mountains and flat area, and is higher in the northeast and lower in the southwest, passed through by the famous Ziwuling mountains which separates the whole county into the east and west two parts, and appears the phenomenon of rivers flowing to the east in the eastern area and flowing to the west in the western area of the county. Heshui county is located in the mid-latitudes, with outstanding continental climate, which typically is cold and dry in the winter and spring, and warm and humid in summer and autumn. Raining and hot weather appear at the same period of year, enjoys sufficient sunlight and big temperature difference between day and night. Affected by monsoon, northwest wind always appears in the winter, and southeast wind appears in the summer, with hot summer and rainy autumn, humid climate. Annual average temperature is 9.4 ℃, with Heshui annual extreme minimum temperature of 16.2 ℃, annual average frost-free period 160 days, maximum county frozen soil depth 920 mm, annual average sunshine hours of 2450 hours. The average annual rainfall is about 588 millimeters, with variation annually ranges 309-101.4 millimeter, annual average precipitation days for 85-95 days, rainfall mainly concentrated in July, August, September three months, which nearly takes about 65% of annual rainfall, the average annual evaporation is 1460 mm, relative humidity ranges 35-95%. Rivers in Heshui county is divided by Ziwuling mountain, including Jinghe rivers scheme and Luohe rivers scheme. Malianghe river, Xianchuan river, Gucheng river belongs to the tributaries of Jinghe rivers scheme; Hulu river, Miaocun river belong to the tributaries of Luohe river scheme, with annual average total runoff volume of 55 million cubic meters. Malian River is one of the biggest rivers in the county, which originates from Ziwuling mountain, with the total length of 186 kilometers, the annual runoff is 37.5 million cubic meters, average annual flow of 1.89 cubic meters per second. The natural resource of groundwater amounts 98.25 million cubic meters per year, the mineable groundwater resource is about 41.6 million cubic meters per year, with average depth of 15 to 60 meters. There is not any industrial pollution in the county, which enables the quality of local water could meet the required standard both for drinking and irrigation. MinXian is located in the conjunction area of the Loess Plateau, the east of Gansu, and Gannan pasture area and Longnan high mountain area. Its total area is about 3500 square kilometers, of which: the Minxian cultivated land area of 644900 mu, forest land area of 720000 mu, and grassland area of 2.17 million mu. There are over 9 townships in rural area, 9 townships in urban area, 310 villages (communities) committees, with a total population of 476100, hui, including 9 minority ethnics of Tibetan, Dongxiang, Sarah, Yugu, Man etc. Inside the county, it generally is higher than 2040-3754 meters above sea level,

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with annual average temperature of 6.1 degrees, rainfall of 556.3 mm. Zhuanglang county belongs to the hilly-gully loess plateau area, covered by the territory of mountains with the topography of higher in the east and lower in the west. The LiuPanShan mountain stands high in the east, and interlocked among its 6 brunches of the mountains, passing through the whole county. Bedrock mountain and hilly gully accounted for 93.5% of the total area of the county. Within the territory, its altitude mostly ranges between 1405-2857 m. The weather in the county belongs to the Zhuang continental monsoon climate, with a big temperature difference between the north area and the south lang area. The annual average temperature is 8.4 ℃, sunshine hours 2075.9 hours, frost-free period 198 days. county The area in the county, with the altitude ranging from 1405-1840 meters, enjoys the annual average rainfall of 659 mm, with sufficient sunlight, big temperature difference between day and night, which is a continental monsoon climate. Hydrologically, the county is poor in hydro resource. The type of its vegetation for the county belongs to the transition type changing from forest steppe vegetation to semi-arid vegetation. Zhengning county is located in the southeast of Qingyang city, Gansu province, with vast land resources. Its total area is 374 square kilometers, wholly covered by forests and grasses. It belongs to the temperate continental monsoon humid and humid climate. Due to its relatively flat topography, and Zheng affected by the summer monsoon, It has a relative less changes of climate elements. The whole terrain ning of the county has been divided into 4 flat hills and flatland by 3 rivers of Zhidang river, Silang river and county Jiayu river. The general elevation of the county ranges from 880 meters to 1756meters, with average temperature 8.7 ℃, annual average rainfall of 616.7 millimeters, frost-free period 158 days, which is a typical rainfed agricultural county. The average annual rainfall of the county is 623.5 mm, with total annual precipitation 851 million cubic meters. Tongwei county is located in the southeast of Gansu province, the east of Dingxi city, belongs to the middle and upper reaches of the tributary of Weihe river-Niugu river. It is located in east longitude 104 ° 48 '- 105 ° 39', latitude 34 ° 55 '- 35 ° 30'. The length from the east to the west of the county is about 78 km, width from the north and south about 64 km wide, with a total area of 2908.5 square kilometers. The county is characterized by a distinct seasons, raining and heat weather basically appears in the same period, with significant precipitation variability, sufficient sunlight. Its average temperature is 7.2 ℃, extreme minimum temperature of -27.1 ℃, extreme maximum temperature 33.9 ℃, annual average frost-free period 146d, ranging from 191 days to 99 days. The shortest average annual sunshine Tong hours is 2113.6 days, accounted for 48% of duration of all possible sunshine, annual total radiation wei 128.6 kcal/cm squared, 0 ℃ above duration of 247.8 days, annual average rainfall of 390.6 mm, rain county days 96 days. The extreme maximum rainfall is 610.6 mm, minimum 253.9 mm of rainfall, rainfall mainly concentrated in three months, July, August, September, and often happens in the form of rainstorm, taking about 57% of its annual rainfall. The annual average relative humidity in the county is 70%, with the average wind speed 1.8 m/s, the average evaporation 1337.9 mm. The main meteorological disasters are drought, hail and frost. The total volume of water resource in the County is about 96.9 million cubic meters, of which the surface water of 80.92 million cubic meters and 15.98 million cubic meters of groundwater, the salt water which is difficult to use of 2200 cubic meters, the useable water of 7490 cubic meters, and the surface water flowed-in of 1296 cubic meters. Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County is located in the southeast of Gansu province, the northeast of Zhangji Tianshui city, and the west of Long mountain. It belongs to the transition zone of the two tectonic units achuan of Liupan geosyndine and Longxi platform, where is the conjunction of Liupanshan mountain county meridional tectonic and Qinling mountain zonal tectonic, and geographically located at the longitude 105 ° 54 '- 106 ° 35', latitude 34 ° 44 '- 35 °11'. Its terrain leans from northeast to southwest, and slightly oblique triangle. The total area of the county is 1311.8 square kilometers, stretching 62 km in the length

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from the east to the west, and 48 kilometers in the width from the north to the south. The climate in the county is a temperate continental monsoon climate. Due to the complex diversity of its terrain, it has clearly formed the obvious geographic stereo microclimate environment. In the middle and west area of the county, it belongs to the moderate semi-arid zone, cold arid zone and temperate cold semi-arid zone, mild climate, sufficient sunshine, frost-free period is long, but less rainfall; In the northeast area of the county, it performs as temperate cold semi-humid zone, temperate cold humid zone, with slightly cold weather, relatively poor sunshine, much short frost-free period, adequate rainfall etc. It has diversified climates in the county, with annual average temperature 7.5 ℃, frost-free period 163 days, annual sunshine hours 2044 hours, annual average rainfall of 600 mm. Its features are: short summer without heat, long and cold winter. Raining and hot weather appears in the same season, with humid summer and dry winter, cold early autumn, large temperature difference during day and night, without extreme hot weather in the summer. Huan county is located at the conjunction of three provinces, including Gansu, Shanxi and Ningxia, the center of Ordos Basin, which is the pivot of Giant Northwest Economic Circle. And the railway from Yingchuan to Sichuan passes through the whole county. There are over 20 townships, 1 tourism Huan development office, 250 administrative villages attached the county, with a total land area of 9236 county square kilometers and a population of 351000, of which 93% agricultural population, 3.07 million mu arable land. Within the territory of the county, generally, its altitude ranges from 1200-2089 meters, average annual rainfall 300 mm, annual average sunshine hours of 2600 hours. Jingning county is located in the hilly-gully loess plateau, the terrain tilts from the northwest to southeast, with elevation of 1600-2245 meters. Its terrain has been divided into Hulu River valley and flat area, valley basin, hilly slopes, ridge and loess hills, including about 1098 ridges and loess hills. The total length of ridge mountain amounts 1652km and 13 of them are the main barriers. Divided by Hulu river as the boundary, the east side is the branch of LiuPanShan mountain, and the west side is of the remaining hills of Huajialin mountain. Stratum is mainly the continental faces stratum, partially distributed by igneous rock in some area. It has 6types of soil in the county, including Loess Soil, Helu Soil, Red Clay, Alluvial Soil, Boggy Soil etc, of which the Loess Soil is the main soil in the county accounting for 91.18% of the county soil area, and widely distributed in all hills and ridge mountain of the townships and villages in the county. For the Loess Soil, the organic matter content was 0.92%, total nitrogen (0.072%); available Phosphorus was 8.24 PPM, rapidly-available Potassium 170.1 PPM. Jinning Jingning county belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid and semi-arid climate, with clearly county different weather in four seasons. It enjoys mild climate, with sufficient sunshine, frost-free period 159 days, annual average sunshine hours of 2238 hours. Annual average temperature is 7.1 ℃, and the hottest weather appears in July, average month temperature 19.6 ℃; The coldest weather occurs in January, the monthly average temperature -7.0 ℃. Precipitation is unevenly distributed in the seasons and space, which happens more in summer, and less in winter and spring. The average annual rainfall is 450.8 mm, and the maximum value is 690.4 mm in 1964, the minimum value is 228.5 mm in 1971. The reliable value of precipitation is 383 mm; the average annual evaporation is 1469 mm. The runoff in the County mainly is produced mainly by precipitation, with average runoff depth of 28.1 mm, the total annual flow of 286.21 million cubic meters, of which 224.51 million cubic meters is flowed-in from other counties. The county itself only produced 61.7 million cubic meters of runoff. Within the county, the Hulu river is the main river scheme, with the additional 9 tributaries running from the east and west, successively gathers from north to south. Within the territory of the county, there is not any natural lake. Yongjing county is located in Longxi Loess plateau, with the terrain of higher in the west and east, Yongjin lower in the middle. Its altitude ranges from 1560-2851 meters, with the relative elevation difference of g county 1291 meters. Within the county, territory is interlinked by hills and mountains. From the view of landscape, it could be divided into 4 types of landscape, including valley plains, loess hilly mountain,

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the mountain basin, and rocky mountain. Because of its location in the inland, it enjoys the typical continental climate, with temperate semi-arid and partial drought climate type, the average sunshine hours 2534.6 hours, annual average rainfall of 260 mm or so, evaporation capacity of about 1500 mm. The total area of Weiyuan county is 2065 square kilometers, and has jurisdiction of 8 rural townships, 8 urban townships, 3 communities, with a total population of 350100, the total land area of 800000 mu. Weiyua Generally, the elevation of its terrain ranges from 1930 m to 1930 meters above sea level, and 2080 n county meters above sea level in the downtown of the county. Annual average temperature is 5.8 ℃, annual average rainfall of 507 mm, frost-free period 157 days. Dongxiang Hui autonomous county is located in the middle of Gansu province, the North-East of Linxia prefecture, and is famous for its birthplace of Dongxiang ethnic minority and its important south channel of silk road. It is the unique Dongxiang ethnic minority residence and the only Dongxi Autonomous county in China. The Autonomous county is located in the transition area of Qinghai-Tibet Dongxia plateau and the loess plateau, occupied by the territory of mountains and hills. The highest elevation ng within the county is 2664 meters, and the lowest 1735 meters above sea level, with 350 mm annual county average rainfall, enjoying a temperate semi-arid climate; The total area of the county is 1510 square kilometers, with the arable land area of 367800 mu, of which hill dry land accounts for 87.3%. Within the whole county, its altitude ranges from 1735 to 2664 meters above sea level, with annual average rainfall of 350 mm, annual evaporation capacity up to 1387 mm. Lintao county, called as Didao, is located in east longitude 103 ° 29 '- 104 ° 19', latitude 35 °03 '42' 46 '' - 35 ° 56 ', the central of Gansu province, the west of Dingxi city. It connects Lanzhou city in the north, links Weiyuan county in the south, and borders the counties of Dongxiang, Guanghe and Kangle, Linxian Hui Autonomous Prefecture in the west. Its terrain is long and narrow, in the length of 103km Lintao from north to south, the width of 78 km from east to west, and the terrain tilts from southeast to county northwest. The county is about 80km away from Lanzhou, the provincial capital city of Gansu. The total area of the county is 2851 square kilometers, and its altitude ranges from 1730 to 3670 meters above sea level, annual average temperature 7 ℃, annual precipitation 317-760 mm, and frost-free period 80-190 days.

Longxi county is located in the southeast of Gansu, and the south of Dingxi city, with the geological position ranges from longitude 104 °18 ' to 104 ° 54', latitude 34 ° 50 '- 35 ° 03'. It is located in the west of Longshan mountain, the upper reaches of Weihe river. It borders Tongwei county in the east, connects Dingxi city in the north, connects Weiyuan county in the west and links Zhang county and Longxi Wushan county in the south. Its elevation ranges from 1700 meters to 2300. The county has a total area county of 2400 square kilometers, enjoying very convenient transportation access passed by Longhai railway and the highway of G316. Mahe township is located at the north end of Longxi county, with 52km distance to the downtown. In Mahe township, it has 7903 hectares of administrative region covering the whole townships.

3.2 The Social and Economic Status in Project area

See table 3.2-1 about the social and economic status in project area.

Table 3.2-1 The Social and Economic Status in Project Area Population Average Average net Total Rural Average Ratio in total Total area density net income for County population population Farmland GDP of the three （km2） （person/km2 income poor （0000’） （%） （Mu） industries ） for household

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farmers Anding 45.40 79.74 3638.00 124.79 4.90 21 ：28 ：51 3632.00 3625.00 district Gulang 39.82 89.35 5103.00 78.03 2.85 18 ：56 ：26 3559.00 2610.00 county Heshui 17.71 86.62 2933.37 60.37 2.18 17 ：66 ：17 4120.00 3200.00 county Huachi 13.46 85.44 3776 35.65 6.38 7 ：81 ：12 4155 2440.00 county Huan 35.18 92.64 9236.00 38.09 8.75 16 ：62 ：22 3636.00 2059.00 county Jinning 48.89 91.78 2201.00 222.13 3.01 38 ：35 ：27 3642.00 1652.00 county Longxi 50.51 86.91 2408.00 209.76 2.33 26 ：35 ：39 3924.00 3208.00 county Min 47.61 93.17 3500.00 136.03 1.35 37 ：25 ：37 3384.00 2805.00 county Dongwe 44.67 91.74 2908.50 153.58 4.10 38 ：12 ：50 3365.12 2883.00 i county Weiyua n 34.49 95.13 2066.51 166.90 2.32 53 ：10 ：37 3517.00 2430.00 county Yongjin 20.56 78.79 1112.20 184.86 1.73 15 ：63 ：21 3160.70 2230.00 county Zhangji achuan 33.28 93.36 1312.00 253.66 1.69 24 ：24 ：52 3343.00 1964.00 county Zhengni ng 23.96 90.07 1322.60 181.16 1.79 36 ：9 ：55 4624.00 3819.00 county Zhuangl ang 44.76 92.56 1553.14 288.19 2.05 38 ：23 ：39 3529.60 2236.00 county Lintao 53.91 49.26 2851.00 189.09 2.19 28：34：38 3841.00 2920.00 county

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3.3 Natural Reserves, Cultural Relics and other Protection Areas

The list of natural reserves (station), key water source areas and cultural relics is shown in Table 3.3-1 and Table 3.3-2, based on the available date.

Table 3.3-1 List of Natural Reserves in Project Areas Level of Area Location and Name County Protected Objects Protection （ha） Distance Located at The national protected objects 102°58′-103°23′ Wetland include forest musk deer, east longitude protection and Provincial Yangcheng Sheep, lynx, black area of Three Yongjing 19500 35°47′-36°7′ level gorges of the necked crane, whooper swan, north latitude. Yellow River goshawk, kite, owl and Distance from project area: Chrysolophus pictus. 2.91km Brachymystax Distance from lenok Zhang National Brachymystax lenok is a specie of In plan project protection Jiachuan level lenok area:1.9km area

Table 3.3-2 List of Key Ancient Relics in Project Areas Name of Level of Size Location and Ancient County Key Protected Object Protection (km2) Distance Relics Lintao, The west part of Qin Great Wall starts from Xintian 30km from Great Weiyuan, Township of Lintao County. It is running across Weiyuan, 12km Wall of Longxi, five townships of Lintao, then crossing Weiyuan, from Longxi, 15km Qin Tongwei, Longxi, Tongwei and Jinning counties to Xiji, from Jinning, 40km Dynasty Jinning, Provincial 640 Guyuan and Pengyang counties of Ningxia Hui from Tongwei, and Huanxian Autonomous province, and then to Zhenyuan, 100km from beacon and Huanxian and Huachi of Gansu. And it is 640km Huachi, 2km from fire sites Huachi long and running 8 counties in Gansu and 3 Lintao, 30km from counties counties in Ningxia. Huanxian. Great It is a section of great wall built to solid Han Great Wall of Wall. It is started from the east bank of Gulang Ming river to Qing Shiwan. And it is connected with the Distance from the Gulang Dynastry Provincial 122.5 Han Great Wall with a total length of 12.5km. And project: 5.4km at County and there is another section of Ming Great Wall. It the south. beacon starts from Sishui township and ends at Shuangdun fire sites with a total length of 110km.

Nongmeng Village of Lintao County is the closest project area and is 2 km away from the great wall of Qin dynasty. But there is no infrastructure construction such as road. Other infrastructure constructions under the project are even far away therefore will not have negative impact.

The animal production supported under the project is mainly pen-breeding by the farmers’ cooperatives or the farmers themselves. And there is no range breeding. The ancient relics are far away from the production areas. Therefore, there will no negative impact upon the great walls.

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3.4 Survey and Evaluation on the Status of Environment Quality

All the data adopted in this EIA report refers the original ordinary monitoring data prepared by each proposed project county. Due to the economic development status for each project county is diversified, it might causes the unbalanced analysis result of EIA because of the unevenly provision of monitoring data.

3.4.1 The status of environment quality in Anding district 1. The status of environment quality for the underground water in Anding district This environment quality evaluation is conducted without the monitoring of the environment status. It plans to use the existing conventional monitoring data, according to the Report of Environment Quality Monitoring in Anding District provided by Anding district Environment Protection and Monitoring Station, it shows that the water quality indicators monitored for the underground water in Anding is qualified, and indicates that the water quality of underground water in Anding district has met the standard III based on The Standard of Environment Quality for Underground Water（GB/T-14848-93）. 2. The status of air environment quality in Anding district According to the monitoring data in 2013 provided by Anding District Environment Protection

Monitoring Station, the density of SO2, NO2, and PM of air in Anding district could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Quality for the Air (GB3095-96). It shows the air environment quality is pretty better. 3.4.2 The status of environment quality in Gulang county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Gulang county According to the Report on the Ecological Environment Quality of County in the State Key Ecological Functional Zone of Gansu in 2012, provided by Wuwei City Environment Protection Monitoring Station, all the monitoring indicators of water in Shibali reservoir could meet the required standard. It shows that the water quality in Shibali reservoir has reached the standard III based on The Standard of Environment Quality for the Surface Water (GB3838-2002)... 2. The status of air environment quality in Gulang county According to the data provided by Wuwei City Environment Monitoring Station in Sep. 2013, based on the analysis for over 60 times of sampling year-around for the monitoring of SO2, NO2 and PM, it shows only once the value of TSP is beyond the required standard, accounting for 1.67% of ratio beyond standard，and the concentration of the rest indicators have met the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows the air environment quality in Gulong county is pretty better. There is only once incidence for TSP to be beyond standard, which might be caused by the serious dusting weather.

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3. The status of noise quality in Gulang county According to the data provided by Wuwei City Environment Monitoring Station in Sep. 2013， it finds that the average equivalent noise level of the regional environment noise could meet the qualified day-night standard I identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008), and the average equivalent noise level of the traffic noise could meet the qualified day-night standard IV identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008). It shows that the quality of noise environment in Gulang is general good. 3.4.3 The status of environment quality in Huachi county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Huachi county The general status of the quality for surface water According to the Report submitted by Qingyang City Environment Monitoring Station, it finds that the water quality at the outlet section (the conjunction of Yele township in Huachi county to Xuanma township of Qingchen county) of Rouyuanchuan river in Huachi county meets grade V，and is regarded as the medium pollution. The main contaminants include COD, nitrogen, petroleum etc. The water quality in the water section of Yuanchengchuan Shangpuziqiao is in grade IV, as the light pollution, with the main contaminants of ammonia nitrogen petroleum etc. At the water section of Lianggoumen, Huangqu village, Linzhen township along Hulu river (the lower reach of the conjunction of Erjiangchuan river and Liyuanpuchuan river), and the quality of water is classified as Grade II, basically without pollution. According to the monitoring report submitted by Qingyang City Environmental Monitoring Station, the result of monitoring indicators for Rouyuandonggou Drinking Water Sources Protection Zone and Yaerwa Drinking Water Source Protection Zone could meet the standard III based on The Standard of Environment Quality for the Surface Water (GB3838-2002); the result of monitoring indicators for the Third Drinking Water Source Protection Zone of the County (Hulu river) could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Quality for the Surface Water (GB3838-2002). Water qualification rate reaches 100%. Of total 25 drinking water sources in all 14 towns and townships of the county, it shows that the water quality status in 3 townships of the project area respectively are: (concentration of ammonia nitrogen in water is beyond 0.2 times of the standard) in Lijiawan, Yuele township; (concentration of COD in water is beyond 0.14 times of the standard) in Xiaochuangou, Yuele township; (concentration of ammonia nitrogen, total hardness and nitrite in water respectively is beyond 1.02 times, 0.3 times and 1.1 times of the standard) in Yujiafa, Chenghao township; (concentration of ammonia nitrogen and sulfate, respectively is beyond 0.23 times and 0.04 times of the standard) in Jiangchagou, Baima township; (concentration of total hardness, hexavalent chromium, sulfate and

49 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) chloride, respectively is beyond 0.2 times, 0.02 times, 0.2 times and 0.3 times of the standard) in Baimaquan; (concentration of hexavalent chromium, nitrite and sulfate, respectively is beyond 0.1 times, 0.01 times and 0.01 times of the standard) in Tanigou, Wujiao township. It shows that the monitoring result for some indicators could not meet the standard III based on the The Standard of Environment Quality or Underground Water（GB/T14848-93）. The rest of the monitoring items are up to standard. The status of air environment quality in Huachi county According to the data submitted by Qingyang City Environment Monitoring Station in Oct, 2013, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of the county has met the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows the quality of air environment is pretty good in Huachi county. 3.4.4 The status of environment quality in Heshui county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Heshui county In according to the data about the quality of surface water in Heshui county submitted by Qingyang City Environment Monitoring Station in Oct, 2013, it finds that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, COD is respectively beyond the standard in Lichuan village (at the site of 200m to Tielichuan Bridge), Jixian township, and the rest indicators generally meet the standard. It shows that the quality of surface water in Heshui county could not meet the standard III based on the Standard of the Surface Water Quality (GB3838-2002). 2. The status of air environment quality in Heshui county According to the data submitted by Qingyang City Environment Monitoring Station in Sep, 2013, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of the county has met the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows the quality of air environment is pretty good in Heshui county. 3. The status of the noise quality in Heshui county According to the data provided by Qingyang City Environment Monitoring Station in Oct. 2013，it finds that the average equivalent noise level of the regional environment noise could meet the qualified day-night standard I identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008), and the average equivalent noise level of the traffic noise could meet the qualified day-night standard IV identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008). It shows that the quality of noise environment in Heshui is general good. 3.4.5 The status of environment quality in Minxian county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Minxian county In according to the data about the quality of surface water in Minxian county submitted by Minxian County Environment Monitoring Station in Oct, 2013, it finds that the concentration of the

50 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) total nitrogen is beyond the standard, and the rest indicators generally meet the standard. It shows that the quality of surface water in Minxian county could meet the standard III based on the Standard of the Surface Water Quality (GB3838-2002). 2. The status of air environment quality in Minxian county According to the data successively submitted by Minxian County Environment Monitoring Station in Oct，Nov, Dec., with consecutive monitoring for 5 days each month, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, PM in the air of Minxian county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Minxian is pretty good. 3.4.6 The status of environment quality in Zhuanglang county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Zhuanglang county In according to the report about the environment quality in Zhuanglang county submitted by Zhuanglang County Environment Monitoring Station, it finds that all monitoring indicators for drinking water are qualified in Zhuanglang county. At Xucheng village, water section of Shuiluo he river in Zhuanglang county, the monitoring indicators show that concentration of potassium permanganate, COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and total nitrogen are all beyond the standard; at the site of Nanping bridge, the monitoring indicators of total nitrogen, total phosphorus are beyond standard, but the monitoring indicators in the rest sections are all qualified. It shows that the water quality in the water section of Xucheng village and Nanping Bridge is poor, and the water quality in the section of Zhuanglang for Shuiluo river could not meet the standard III based on the Standard of the Surface Water Quality (GB/T-14848-93). 2. The status of air environment quality in Zhuanglang county According to the data successively submitted by Zhuanglang County Environment Monitoring Station in March, June, August, Nov, with consecutive monitoring for 5 days each month, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Zhuanglang county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Zhuanglang is pretty good. 3. The status of noise quality in Zhuanglang county According to the data provided byZhuanglang County Environment Monitoring Station in Oct. 2013，it finds that the average equivalent noise level of the regional environment noise could meet the qualified day-night standard I identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008), and the average equivalent noise level of the traffic noise could meet the qualified day-night standard IV identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008). It shows that the quality of noise environment in Zhuanglang is general good.

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3.4.7 The status of environment quality in Zhengning county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Zhengning county In according to the data about the quality of surface water in Zhengning county submitted by Zhengning County Environment Monitoring Station, it finds that all indicators generally meet the standard. It shows that the quality of surface water in Zhengning county could meet the standard III based on the Standard of the Surface Water Quality (GB3838-2002). 2. The status of air environment quality in Zhengning county According to the data successively submitted by Zhengning County Environment Monitoring Station in Sep, with consecutive monitoring for 5 days, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Zhengning county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Zhengning is pretty good. 3.4.8 The status of environment quality in Tongwei county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Tongwei county According to the data submitted by Tongwei County Environment Monitoring Station, which was collected from the monitoring sites along Niuguhe river at Jingping bridge where is for the entry monitoring of water and Dianzi village of Pingxiang township where is for the exit monitoring of water. It shows that all the monitoring indicators are qualified in Tongwei county, and identifies that the water quality within Tongwei county could meet the standard III based on the standard of environment quality for the surface water（GB/T-14848-93）. 2. The status f air quality environment in Tongwei county According to the data successively submitted by Tongwei County Environment Monitoring Station in Feb, May, August, with consecutive monitoring for 5 days each month, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Tongwei county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Tongwei County is pretty good. 3.4.9 The status of environment quality in Zhangjiachuan county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface environment in Zhangjiachuan county According to the data provided by Zhangjiachuan County Environment Monitoring Station in the 2nd quarter of 2013, which was collected by the sampling at Chuangxia village along Houchuan river and Zhangjiachuan Water Plant, it shows that the water is qualified. It indicates that the water quality at the section of Changxia village along Houchuan river in Zhangjiachuan and Zhangjiachuan Water Plant could not meet the standard III based on the Standard o Environment Quality for the Surface Water (GB/T-14848-93). 2. The status of air environment quality in Zhangjiachuan county

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According to the data submitted by Zhangjiachuan County Environment Monitoring Station in 2013, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Zhangjiachuan county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Zhangjiachuan is pretty good. 3.4.10 The status of environment quality in Huanxian county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Huanxian county According the data submitted by Qingyang City Environment Monitoring Station, the data on the drinking water quality in Huanxian indicates that the drinking water quality in Huanxian county could meet the standard III based on The Standard of Qualification for the Surface Water (GB/T148-93). Inside the project area of Huanxian county, Malianhe river basin runs through Mubo township, Quzi township. At the water sampling site of Quzi bridge, the monitoring indicators show that: COD34.4 mg/L, BOD2.65 mg/L, pH8.00, dissolved oxygen (DO) 8.03 mg/L, hexavalent chromium 0.149 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 0.501 mg/L, anionic surfactant 0.197 mg/L. Water Capacity 4.251 m3 / s, annual runoff 167.4 million square meters. 2. The status of air environment quality in Huanxian county According to the data submitted by Huanxian County Environment Monitoring Station in Oct, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Huanxian county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Evnironment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Huanxian County is pretty good. 3. The status of noise quality in Huanxian county According to the data provided by Qingyang City Environment Monitoring Station in Oct. 2013，it finds that the average equivalent noise level of the regional environment noise could meet the qualified day-night standard I identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008), and the average equivalent noise level of the traffic noise could meet the qualified day-night standard IV identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008). It shows that the quality of noise environment in Huanxian County is general good. 3.4.11 The status of environment quality in Jinning county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Jinning county In according to the data provided by Pingliang City Environment Monitoring Station, collected at the site of Yanmiao of Hulu river and Renda of Liujiachuan river, it shows that the concentration of potassium permanganate, COD, ammonia nitrogen, mercury etc in the water of Yanmia are all beyond the standard in 20th Nov, while all monitoring indicators show the qualification of water in the rest monitoring time. At the site of Renda of Liujiachuan river, all the monitoring indicators show the qualification of water. The monitoring indicators on drinking water quality in Jinning county has

53 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) showed that the drinking water in Jinjing county could meet the standard III based on the Standard of the Underground Water Quality (GB/T148-93). 2. The status of air environment quality in Jinning county According to the data submitted by Pingliang City Environment Monitoring Station in Sep, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Jinning county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Jinning County is pretty good. 3. The status of noise quality in Jinning county According to the data provided by Pingliang City Environment Monitoring Station in Oct. 2013，it finds that the average equivalent noise level of the regional environment noise could meet the qualified day-night standard I identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008), and the average equivalent noise level of the traffic noise could meet the qualified day-night standard IV identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008). It shows that the quality of noise environment in Jining county is general good. 3.4.12 The status of environment quality in Yongjing county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Yongjing county In according to the data provided by Yongjin County Environment Monitoring Station, collected at the site of Yanmiao of Hulu river and Renda of Liujiachuan river, it shows that the concentration of potassium permanganate, COD, ammonia nitrogen, mercury etc in the water of Yanmia are all beyond the standard in 20th Nov, 2013, while all monitoring indicators show the qualification of water in the rest monitoring time. At the site of Renda of Liujiachuan river, all the monitoring indicators show the qualification of water. The monitoring indicators on drinking water quality from Huangshui River in Yongjing county has showed that the drinking water from the Huangshui river could meet the standard II based on the Standard of the Surface Water Quality (GB3838-2002). 2. The status of air environment quality in Yongjing county According to the data submitted by Linxia City Environment Monitoring Station in Sep, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Yongjing county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Yongjing County is pretty good. 3. The status of noise quality in Yongjing county The level of regional environment noise and traffic noise from main trunk road in Yongjing county respectively amounts 52.9 decibels and 67.4 decibels, which both are controlled within the targets for the province and prefecture.

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According to the data provided by Linxia City Environment Monitoring Station in Sep. 2013，it finds that the average equivalent noise level of the regional environment noise could meet the qualified day-night standard I identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008), and the average equivalent noise level of the traffic noise could meet the qualified day-night standard IV identified in The Standard of Sound Environment Quality (GB3096-2008). It shows that the quality of noise environment in Yongjing county is general good. 3.4.13 The status of environment quality in Weiyuan county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Weiyuan county The evaluation result shows that：Among 5 main rivers inside Weiyuan county, water quality for the 3 river section of them could meet the grade II according to the standard of environment quality for the surface water, accounting for 60% of the total evaluated river sections. In addition, in one river section of them, its water quality only could meet the grade III, accounting for 20% of the total evaluated river sections. However, in one river section, the water has been serious polluted in the poor grade V, accounting for 20% of the total evaluated river sections. Based on the data provided by Weiyuan County Environment Monitoring Station, collected at the river sections of Xiakou reservoir, Shanhekou river section in Luyuan township, it shows that the concentration of total nitrogen checked at Shanhekou river section of Luyuan township in 9th April, 2013 is beyond the standard, while the rest items checked in monitoring period meet the standard. All monitoring indicators for the water section of Xiakou reservoir meet the required standard. 2. The status of air environment quality in Tongwei county According to the data successively submitted by Weiyuan County Environment Monitoring Station in March, June, Sep, with consecutive monitoring for 5 days each month, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Weiyuan county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Weiyuan County is pretty good. 3.4.14 The status of environment quality in Dongxiang county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Dongxiang county Regarding the monitoring data provided by Dongxiang County Environment Monitoring Station, collected at the water sections of Gaxiyuan, the demolished bridge of Daxiahe, and Yehuxia gorge of Daxiahe river, it shows that the concentration of total nitrogen in Gaxiyuan is beyond the standard, while the rest items checked in monitoring period meet the standard. 2. The status of air environment quality in Dongxiang county According to the data submitted by Dongxian County Environment Monitoring Station in Oct, it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Dongxian county could meet the

55 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Dongxiang County is pretty good. 3.4.15 The status of environment quality in Lintao county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Lintao county According to the monitoring data provide by Lintao County Environment Monitoring Station, collected at the water section of Yujing and Tayuan bridge, it shows that all monitoring indicators for those two river sections are qualified, and could meet the standard III based on the Standard of Environment Quality for the Surface Water (GB/T-14848-93). 2. The status of air environment quality in Lintao county According to the data successively submitted by Lintao County Environment Monitoring Station in March, May, August, Nov., it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Lintao county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Lintao County is pretty good. 3.4.16 The status of environment quality in Longxi county 1. The status of environment quality for the surface water in Longxi county According to the monitoring data provided by Longxi County Environment Monitoring Station, collected at Xiershilipu, Shouyang of Weihe river, the water section at Tudianzi of Wenfeng township, it shows that the concentration of total nitrogen checked at both river sections are beyond the standard. At the monitoring site of the river section of Tudianzi in Wenfeng township, it found that the concentration of COD conducted monitoring in 8th April was beyond the standard. The rest of the monitoring items are up to standard. 2. The status of air environment quality in Longxi county According to the data successively submitted by Longxi County Environment Monitoring Station in March, May, August, Nov., it finds that the concentration of SO2, NO2, and PM in the air of Lintao county could meet the standard II based on The Standard of Environment Air Quality (GB3095-96). It shows that the quality of air environment in Longxi County is pretty good.

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4 Environment Impact Assessment of Infrastructure Construction

The infrastructures include roads, terrace lands, water conservation projects, product storage and market facilities, production facilities (including animal pen, storage room, epidemic prevention room and silage pit ets), office buildings and industrial improvements. The infrastructures will bring certain extent of environment impacts in both the construction and the operation periods. The activities are similar with those of Sichaun Province. And the environment analysis is the same as that of Sichuan. The fugitive dust which is caused due to terrace land construction is the main difference from the impacts of Sichuan. The measures as road construction will be adopted to mitigate the impact. And the terrace land development is mainly to level the lands to reduce water and soil losses. That will not damage the eco-environment. There is no new constructed road in Gansu. The roads constructions include 215km sand pavement and 104km cement pavement for roads.

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5 Impact Analysis on Agriculture Activities 5.1 Planting Activity Plantation process and impact analysis The crop production of this project mainly includes planting potatoes, apples, Chinese herbal medicine (namely Codonopsis pilosula（Dangshen）; astragalus membranaceus(Huangqi)).It would conduct an impact analysis to the whole plantation process of the above mentioned crops in following sections. 1. Cultivation technical standards for improved varieties (breeding seed) of potatoes ① Site selection: Regarding the site selection for the plantation of proposed crops, it has considered the nature of varieties. The climate condition is suitable for the cultivation of the above mentioned crops. In order to avoid water and soil erosion, land reclamation is forbidden at the slope over 20 degrees, while trying to avoid the reclamation in too much large scale. It should simply conduct land preparation, in order to reduce the potential ecological destroying and water soil erosion which might caused by the implementation of the proposed project. ②Land preparation, soil preparation, crop rotation: To select arable land with loose soil, good fertility and thick cultivation soil; to have autumn deep plough and sun bathing, with tillage depth of 25--30 cm, without solanaceae crops, ginger in rotation practice for more than 3 years. ③ To apply fertilizer in a scientific manner, to improve fertilization effectiveness. Fertilization for potatoes should give priority to organic manure, chemical fertilizers are complementary one;

Base fertilizer is the main fertilization instrument, and top dressing is a supplementary instrument. The specific fertilizer application dose per mu is as follows: farmyard manure1500-1500 kg per mu, 16 kg urea fertilizer (among which 30% as top dressing ), calcium superphosphate 60 kg per mu, 16 kg potassium sulphate per mu. When fertilization are carried out about 1/2 or 1/3 of the organic fertilizer is applied to plough layers in combination with autumn plough or before spring sowing cultivation, and the rest of fertilizers can be applied in seeding season. When volume of base fertilizer is small, it can be applied into sowing ditches in a concentrated manner. ④Selection of improved potato variety, make reasonable processing. Prior to accelerating potato germination 1-2 days before, potato pieces with smooth surface, with no lesion, no injury, neat shape, are chosen, centering on potato sprouting bud eye to cut potatoes into blocks, each block is

30g--50g, with 1--2 sprouting bud eyes. Cutting knives should be disinfected with 3% potassium permanganate or 75% alcohol, after every cutting knives should be disinfected. Cutting knives also can be disinfected with 50% of boiled salt water, after cutting of potato pieces washing with boiling salt water for disinfection can be applied to knives and base plates several times. Sowing quantity per

58 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) mu is 150 kg -- 200 kg. Stock seed breeding can be directly made with selection of disease-free whole potato, to make direct seeding, 4000 pieces per mu. ⑤Planting In suitable season, keeping reasonable density. Generally soil temperature maintains at 7-8 ℃ for 10 cm soil in depth is suitable for sowing, sowing is finished in late April and early May. A regular sowing depth is between 8-15 cm. ⑥Inter-tillage ridging, irrigation and drainage in a timely manner. After good seedling emergence the first inter-tillage is carried out, with 8--10 cm depth, 10-15 days later the second inter-tillage and shallow ridging are carried out, with appearance of early budding flowering the second inter-tillage and ridging are carried, to make "wide shoulder ridge" with total soil thickness not more than 20 cm. The hoe ridging process must be in the right time and depth, in order to avoid damage to bud germ and underground body. 10-15 days before harvest irrigation should not be applied in order to promote the potato skin aging, and it is easy to harvest. ⑦Diseases and pests control, chemical control. When non-disease resistant varieties or disease epidemic are in vogue, bactericide should be applied timely for disease prevention. When underground pest population in the soil is large, and density is high, it is needed to make chemical control to improve potato production and commodity rate. Main pest control of aphids is usually carried out in June - August with imidacloprid and other chemicals in spraying alternately for pest prevention and control, pest disease is started in the morning and evening in late June, Antracol (in a role of zinc supplementation) is used for prevention, after late blight is found a frost spirit of the reoccupy manganese zinc, Oxadixyl (antivirus alum) and other chemicals are sprayed alternately. ⑧To make timely harvest and safe storage. Harvest should be carried out according to actual needs. But at the time of harvest a sunny day should be chosen to avoid harvest in rainy day for easy harvesting and transporting. Rainy days are inconvenient, and easily lead to bacteria invasion by potato skin abrasion, rot or storage. To reduce the occurrence of mechanical trauma on potatoes in harvest, 7-10 days prior to the harvest plants must be destroyed and make plant skin corkification. Especially when plants are infected with late blight, plants should be destroyed in advance as early as possible, disease infected plants should be moved out of fields, to make soil exposure to kill soil surface pathogenic bacteria, to reduce the chance for tubers infected with late blight in harvest time. Before storage, harvested tubers should be cleaned and selected, rotten and damaged tubers should be thoroughly removed to reduce the chance of disease expansion during tubers in storage.

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Manual labor Seeds, organic Water, fertilizer, pesticides manure

Land level To select Fertilization、Weeding、 improved Integrated pests management Harvesting varieties、 seeding

Water & soil, plant damage Fertilizer, pesticide pollution

Diagram 5.1-1 Whole process of potato planting

2. Construction standards for planting high quality apples ① Apple tree cultivation: Big sapling transplantation is the main method, 40 saplings per mu is planted, the unit price for each tree is 20 yuan, manual cost is 50 yuan/mu, mulch 3 kg/mu cost is 50 yuan, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer 100 yuan/mu, in total 1000 yuan/mu. ② Orchard site selection: Orchard site should be chosen in shelter sunny bottomland, tableland and mountain plateau tableland with elevation below 1800 meters, with average annual temperature 7 ℃ above, deep and fertile soil, have certain irrigation conditions for optimality. ③Varieties selection and pollination tree configuration: According to local climate characteristics and the market demand, apple cultivation variety is given priority to Fuji apple series. In the process of planting, pollination varieties should be distributed evenly in the orchards, the maximum distance between main variety and pollination varieties does not exceed 60 meters. ④ Reasonable planting density: Row planting density in this county should be spaced 5 meters, sapling planting distance is of 3 meters, per mu 44 saplings is advisable. ⑤ Row direction and planting mode: Row direction in north and south is preferred, no strict requirements. To facilitate the operation, row direction must be vertical to main roads in orchards. ⑥ Orchard construction period and planting techniques: Spring and autumn is the ideal Orchard construction season. In order to ensure the high survival rate and growth, the following techniques should be taken: (1) to plant in big pits. Planting pits dimension is 1 meters across and 80 cm in

60 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) depth. In excavation, topsoil is put aside, subsoil is put the other side, in backfill, topsoil and applied farmyard manure are backfilled to pit bottom, subsoil is backfilled to the top. (2) Deep digging and shallow planting. Planting depth is controlled, the original soil printing of saplings in nursery is taken as the criterion, should not be too deep. (3) Transferred nursery stock must be soaked in clean water for more than 12 hours before planting to complement moisture loss in the process of transfer. (4) Before engraftment pruning treatment must be applied to seedling roots, the roots must be soaked in 0.5% rooting liquid, to promote root wound healing and promote development of new roots. (5) To supply adequate water for foot engraftment. In case of no irrigation conditions, at least one barrel of water for each seedling should be provided. (6) stop shot and cap bags must be set, to set the bar height in between 80-100㎝, to set branch membrane bags, after germination, when buds are tight against film bags the bags an be removed at one time to ensure survival. (7) coating, at least a piece of plastic in size of 1 meter square should be used to cover each seedling in the engraftment, passage coating can be applied if conditions are available, in order to keep soil moisture, to improve ground temperature, to ensure survival and growth in the year. ⑦ Plant management: After engraftment 1 meter across fruit tree belts or 1 m fruit band spacing must be reserved, in the phase of sapling tall stem crops should not be planted in orchards, intercropping with melons, beans, and vegetables is the best; this practice can secure income at early stage, and does not affect growth of the young trees. 3. Codonopsis pilosula （Dangshen）seedlings cultivation ① Site selection: to choose site as nursery base with altitude of 1700 m - 2500 m in semi-arid areas, with deep soil and loose texture, good drainage and irrigation conditions, or close to water sources, area with relatively humid and shady slope less than 20 degrees is the ideal nursery site. ② Seeding: After seedling ground is leveled during mid to late April, per mu seeds used is around 9 kg - 11 kg, the seeds and the equivalent amount of plant ash, fine sand, or fine soil are evenly mixed, they the mixture is broadcasted in seedling bed, and then gently pat, to be covered with a layer of thin soil and be compacted, the seeds and soil are tightly combined, this is favorable for seedling emergence. ③ Field management: after sowing seeding zone must be immediately covered with straw cover, advisable thickness is of 2 cm - 3 cm, then spraying water to wheat straw till soil surface wet, to hold down with branches, in high temperature time sun-shade nets should be set up for overshadow. When codonopsis pilosula seedlings grow out of the ground about 5 cm weeding should be carried out timely. When weather is dry, arid with less rainfall, water sprinkling on straw should be applied in a timely manner. Autumn in combination with rainfall it is needed to apply topdressing urea 2 kg

61 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) to 3 kg per mu every time, 1-2 times of urea topdressing is sufficient. ④ Pests control: to use 5% phoxim granules 2-3 kg/mu, mix with equivalent amount of fine soil, to spread on sapling stem leaves and straw cover, with a wooden stick to stir or jitter straw cover and seedlings leaf, then medicament shall fall into earth's surface. With 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 36% methyl sulfur bacteria spirit wettable powder 800 times liquid to spray alternately, once every seven days, to continuously spray for 2-3 times. ⑤ Excavation: including time and method, after soil thaw the sooner the better, the best excavation time is in late March next spring, Before the excavation 1-2 days, to sprinkle a small amount of water on earth surface, to keep soil light wet. To dig seedlings with medical forks, to prevent injury or damage on roots of seedlings. Excavation starts from filed rand, to excavate deep ditch nearby seedlings, then gradually to dig in, to protect seedlings, do not cut roots. ⑥ Classification: Excavated codonopsis pilosula seedlings are bundled according to standard and gradation, to put root apexes in one direction and make small bundles with 5-7 cm in diameter, a small amount of fine wet earth remain in between, then small bundles are placed in a cool, moist cellars, covered with wet soil for storage, get ready for transplanting or sales. Classification standard should meet the requirements of table 5.1 1. Table 5.1-1 Classification standard for Seedlings

specification root length（cm） Root diameter（cm） Big seedlings greater than 20 greater than 3 Medium seedlings 15-20 2-3 Small seedlings 10-15 1-2

⑦ Storage and transportation: In short-term codonopsis pilosula are stored in dry, ventilated, clean shady area, in long-term they are stored in warehouses that are disinfected with quick lime spread around, clean and dry straw or wooden plates are used for moisture proof purpose, to keep medicinal herbs and surrounding walls in 1~ 2 m distance, medicinal materials piled up with dimension of 5 m x 5 m x 5 m, 1m pile spacing between heaps, pile layers are separated with rafters or wood planks, to keep warehouse temperature at 5 ℃ ~ 1 0 ℃, to make ted during June to July, to safely store for 1 ~ 2 years. 4. Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) seedlings cultivation technical procedures ① Site selection: Land in higher terrain, with deep loose soil, good drainage, neutral or alkaline sandy loam or soft sand land, can be chosen for planting Astragalus membranaceus, high wow should be arranged for rainy waterlogged land. To avoid rotation with leguminous crops, elevation at

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1800 m - 2300 m above sea level, rainfall in 400 mm - 500 mm, accumulated temperature greater than or equal to 10 degrees Celsius is at 1840 - 2323 degrees Celsius , soil layer thickness is more than 50 cm, to avoid stubble cropping. Autumn deep plough shall be carried out during August to the end of October, Autumn deep plough depth is at 25 cm to 30 cm, with random plough, random raking, to remove residual roots and rocks, to rake flat and rake carefully.

② Seeding: The optimum time for seedling is in the middle of March and April. When ground temperature is stabilized at 10 degrees Celsius in 5 cm deep soil, sowing can be started. Seeding planting quantity is 7.5 -10 kg/mu. Seeds are spread in raked flat surface, to make a shallow tillage in 3 cm - 5 cm, to rake and level flat again, to make seeds enter into soil in 1 cm - 2 cm, to suppress soil again, and immediately to cover with thick sand in 2 cm - 3 cm depth or straw to keep soil moisture. ③ Field management: To apply winter irrigation or early spring irrigation water, to observe soil moisture at any moment, to irrigate once it is dry. It is best to use drip irrigation or spray irrigation where conditions are available. Usually to irrigate three times, after seedlings are out to apply first irrigation, once seedling height is at 10 cm to apply second irrigation, late if it is dry to apply third irrigation. To apply topdressing twice or no application, topdressing with urea 2.5 kg to 3 kg / mu is applied in combination with the first irrigation or rainfall. When seedling height is up to 10 cm inter-tillage weeding should be carried out timely, to make soil loose, in 5 cm depth. Weed control should be applied early and completely, weed control should be applied in 4 times at least in the growth period. ④ Excavation: The time for seedling excavation is the best time of seedlings transplanting, it is in the middle of March and April next year. After soil thaw the sooner the better. Before the excavation seedling fields must be damp and soft to keep integral seedlings, for seedling fields in dry and hard soil before the excavation it is needed to irrigate fields to keep soil light wet. Excavation starts from filed rand, to excavate deep ditch nearby seedlings, then gradually to dig in, to protect seedlings, do not cut roots. ⑤ Classification: astragalus membranaceus seedlings quality shall be at the age of 1 year, mass growth reaches class 3 above then they can be excavated for transplantation. Excavated astragalus membranaceus seedlings are bundled according to standard and gradation, excavated astragalus membranaceus seedlings must be timely covered to prevent from water loss. It is needed to put root apexes in one direction and make small bundles with 5-7 cm in diameter, a small amount of fine earth remain in between, then small bundles are placed into bags mixed with soil to prevent heating, to get ready for transplanting in other places. Classification standard should meet the requirements in table 5.1-2 Table 5.1-2 Classification standard for seedlings

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Standards Specification

Length（cm） transverse diameter（mm）

first class greater than 30 greater than 5

second class 25-30 3-5

third class 20-25 2-3 Seedling root length is less than 20 cm, diameter less than 2 mm, they are regarded as disqualified seedlings

⑥ Preservation and transportation: Seedlings not transported or cultivated on time should not be stayed in open air for a long time, should be heeled in temporary planting timely to prevent from drying up. In the long-distance transportation seedlings should be covered with tarpaulins to prevent drying up and water loss. At the same time attention should also paid to ventilation to prevent seedling roots from heating and rotting. 5、Forage grass plantation techniques Take the variety of forage alfafa as an example here, because it has a vast area of cultivation, enjoying similar cropping techniques with sainfoin and alfalfa. ① Site selection and preparation: The selected plantation site for alfafa should be flatted and with convenient access of irrigation, without weeds on the ground. The most suitable soil should be in ph7---7.5, loosen structured, flat, without large blocks or film residual, and weeds etc. It should meet the 6 of standards for the site selection, which are adequate in loosen structured, flat, clean, fine prepared, moisture etc. ② Selection of seed varieties：It should select the Chinese standardized alfafa seeds varieties, which enjoys the genetic advantage of disease resistance, various free, high quality, high yield etc, with the eligible grades of I, II, and III. The clearance of the seeds should meet the standards of 90%、95%、85% and the germination rate of 90%、85%、80%. ③Sowing：During the scattered sowing of alfafa, it needs 1-2kg alfafa seeds per mu of land, but only 0.75kg alfafa seeds needed per mu of land for the stripped sowing. Best by mixing the alfafa seeds with rhizobia before the seed sowing, and should be lightly flatting the surface ground after sowing. ④ Fertilization. It should apply manure deeply, generally, 4000-5000kg of manure per mu, with 10kg DAP, or 50kg of ordinary P。 ⑤Irrigation：the frequency and quota of irrigation could keep flexibility according to the growth

64 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) condition of alfafa, the temperature and climate drought etc. ⑥ Harvesting：generally, the best harvest season of alfafa is the beginning of blossom, while it is the best time for alfafa in its quality and yield. Normally, alfafa could be harvested twice or 3 times a year. At the beginning year of harvesting, the best height of stubble should be 3—5 cm； after matured of alfafa, the height of stubble should keep about 3cm. The proper time of harvesting alfafa seeds should be the 3rd or 4th years of growth. During the year, the first harvest of alfafa seeds could have highest yield. 5.1.1 The environmental impact analysis on pesticide application 1. The status analysis to the application of pesticide in project area In order to prevent, kill, drive or to mitigate the distroying of crops and cash trees which would be caused by any of pests, mites, fungi, nematodes, weeds, rodents and molluscs etc harmful organisms, it needs to often spray pesticides on the crops or plants during the different growth periods of plants. Pesticide classified by source mainly include: mineral source pesticides, biological pesticides and organic synthesis pesticide. According to field investigation in poor rural area of project location, it notices that there is fewer pesticides applied, and variety of pesticides is single. 2. Pesticides dose analysis Pesticide usage after project implementation in the project counties is based on 80% of dose applied before project development , by the calculation and verification, total amount of pesticides applied before project implementation is 1995.7 tons, total amount of pesticides applied after project implementation is 1596.6 tons. Details are shown in table 5.1-1. County name Project county Project village Before After Before After application application Decrement application application Decrement of pesticides of pesticides of pesticides of pesticides Yongjing 40.9 32.7 8.2 5.7 4.6 1.1 County Dongxiang 34.6 27.7 6.9 3.1 2.5 0.6 County Gulang County 105.7 84.5 21.1 8.2 6.5 1.6 Weiyuan 67.7 54.1 13.5 6.9 5.5 1.4 County Longxi County 139.4 111.5 27.9 8.4 6.7 1.7 Tongwei 164.6 131.6 32.9 6.5 5.2 1.3 County Minxian County 66.2 53.0 13.2 11.7 9.4 2.3

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Anding District 217.0 173.6 43.4 19.2 15.4 3.8 Lintao County 151.3 121.0 30.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Zhangjiachuan 59.5 47.6 11.9 4.4 3.5 0.9 county Zhuanglang 101.3 81.0 20.3 3.1 2.5 0.6 County Jingning 168.2 134.5 33.6 4.6 3.7 0.9 County Huan County 412.1 329.6 82.4 51.1 40.9 10.2 Huachi County 148.6 118.9 29.7 25.4 20.3 5.1 Zhengning 53.2 42.6 10.6 7.9 6.3 1.6 County Heshui County 65.6 52.5 13.1 11.9 9.6 2.4 Total 1995.7 1596.6 399.1 178.2 142.6 35.6

3. Fertilizer environmental impact analysis (1) The impact on the soil The main pollution sources in soil include insecticide, fungicide and herbicide, applied for control of crop diseases, insect pests and weeds, these pollutants can be directly applied into soil, they may also be leached into the soil via spraying. Due to large amount of pesticide use, pesticides can cause accumulation of harmful substances in soil, cause harm to plant growth, or pesticide residues in crops may enter food chain and harm people's health, and pesticides can cause soil pollution. When applying pesticides, most of the pesticides will drop on soil surface. pesticides attached to crop surface can also fall to earth surface by wind blowing and rain leaching. In addition, pesticide applying approaches such as seed immersion and seed mixing, can cause pesticides directly enter into soil. Pesticides are directly applied into soil by means of soil treatment with herbicides and soil disinfection with fungicide. Pollution level of pesticides in farmland is associated with crop types and cultivation conditions. For farmland with higher cultivation management level and multiple cropping indexes more pesticides are applied, its degree of pesticide pollution is more serious. If no strict selection of pesticide varieties and strict control of pesticide dose were carried out, and management on pesticide use were neglected pesticide residual would contaminate soil, change soil physical properties, cause soil structure hardening and lead to soil degradation and decline of crop yield and quality. Soil contaminated with pesticides for a long time there will be obvious acidification, along with the increase of pollution degree soil nutrients will be decreased, and residuals also cause heavy metal pollution. Moreover, soil pollution can affect human and livestock through food chain entering into human and livestock body, and deleterious phenomenon could be

66 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) occurred, sometimes in the process of production poisoning accidents could happen due to careless use of pesticides. Because 80% of pesticide residuals are distributed in 0 ~ 20 cm thick topsoil. With the increase of soil depth, the concentration of pesticide residuals are gradually reduced, it is hard to check out pesticide residuals below 50 cm soil layer. The project area is mostly located in hilly and mountainous region, phreatic water is deep and concentrated in the valleys and depression location, and there is no possibility for large amount of agricultural irrigation water infiltration. Therefore, in general, non water-soluble pesticides or light water soluble pesticides will not infiltrate with soil into groundwater to cause groundwater pollution in the evaluation areas. （2）Impact on water body Pesticides can enter into surface water body through the way such as farmland water recession and atmospheric precipitation, residuals probably can stay in aquatic organisms, and produce harmful effects to aquatic organisms, and produce the risk of indirect entering into human body. In addition, pesticides may adversely affect the growth and breeding of fish and crustaceans, result in killing and death of fish and crustaceans individuals, or affect their species continuation. With a large number of nutrients of fertilizers entering into water body, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in the water body are increased, this may cause eutrophication of water body, to affect biodiversity of the aquatic ecosystem. In addition, pesticides may cause pollution of surface water but it also can cause serious pollution of underground water, under normal circumstances, the scope of pesticide pollution in water body is small, but with the relocation and diffusion of pesticides, pollution scope is gradually expanded. (3) Impact on air environment During the spraying of pesticides, some form of tiny droplets suspended in the air, causing air contamination. Generally, there are about 40% of the sprayed pesticide might attach on the surface of plants, which only about 1-4% could be absorbed by insects, 40% would fail on the surface of soil, and 20% suspending in the air. Finally, there are about 60% of the pesticides suspending in the air would fail on the ground, and 40% would be directly absorbed in the air. （4）The impact on the biont & organism Pesticide use can significantly cause decline in the number of insects, soil invertebrate species , species in farmland is decreased, thus affect birds breeding, feeding and population development. The dangers and threats of pesticides on birds are mainly manifested in two aspects: one is as pesticide dosage accumulated in bird body reaches a certain degree poisoning accidents can happen, cause individual bird death or serious impact on breeding birds; The second aspect is use of pesticides can cause

67 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) diversity of weeds and animals declined, thus affect survival of birds.

With implementation of the agricultural supporting measures such as land leveling, deep tillage and sub soiling, balanced fertilization, increasing organic fertilizers, straw turnover, integrated pest management etc., farmland is improved, soil organic matter content is increased, soil structure is improved, pesticides dose is reduced, the species and quantity of soil microorganisms, tiny animals, insects etc are increased, biological diversity of farmland system can be improved. 5.1.2 The environment impact analysis on fertilizer application 1 The status analysis of fertilization in project area During the nursing and cultivation of crops and cash trees, it needs apply adequate fertilizer to the plants in order to meet the need of growth and breeding, such as the application of N, P, K and compound fertilizers etc. In line with the field survey, it notices that currently in the proposed project area, it seriously is lack of necessary agriculture technical instruction in the poor rural area. Chemical fertilizers have been intensively and most solely applied in project area, which has easily led to soil hardening and soil microorganisms is inhibited, with less efficiency of fertilization. In order to increase the yield of crops, it has to heavily increase the dosage of fertilization, which is highly beyond the demand of crop for its normal necessary nutrients. It has caused a vicious cycle and led a serious of negative impact to local environment. 2、The analysis of fertilization dosage After introduction of soil testing and formulated fertilization in the project area, comparing with traditional fertilization, fertilizer dose is decreased by an average value of 84.3 kg/hm2, out of which: 75.5 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer is reduced, phosphate fertilizer is reduced by 26.2 kg/hm2, 17.3 kg/hm2 potash fertilizer is increased. Total amount of fertilizers is decreased by 192214.0 ton. Details are shown in table 5.1 1. Table 5.1-2 the Table of the decrement of chemical elements after the application of formulated fertilization in project area Fertilizer N P K Existing kg/hn2 151 131 173 After formulated 75.5 104.8 190.3 fertilization kg/hm2 Increment and -50% -20% +10% decrement

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Table 5.1-3 The dosage of chemical fertilizer application before and after the implementation of the proposed project in project area Project county Project village County Before After Before After Before After name application application application application application application of pesticides of pesticides of pesticides of pesticides of pesticides of pesticides Yongjing 17928.0 10756.8 7171.2 850.0 510.0 340.0 County Dongxiang 11688.0 7012.8 4675.2 612.0 367.2 244.8 County Gulang County 48952.0 29371.2 19580.8 1252.0 751.2 500.8 Weiyuan 31000.0 18600.0 12400.0 2940.0 1764.0 1176.0 County Longxi County 50690.0 30414.0 20276.0 2800.0 1680.0 1120.0 Tongwei 13856.3 8313.8 5542.5 1357.0 814.2 542.8 County Minxian County 21784.3 13070.6 8713.7 1456.0 873.6 582.4 Anding District 60267.2 36160.3 24106.9 8378.0 5026.8 3351.2 Lintao County / / / / / / Zhangjiachuan 3114.0 1868.4 1245.6 1443.0 865.8 577.2 county Zhuanglang 54600.0 32760.0 21840.0 1196.0 717.6 478.4 County Jingning 23185.1 13911.1 9274.0 1941.9 1165.1 776.7 County Huan County 70974.2 42584.5 28389.7 7069.0 4241.4 2827.6 Huachi County 14288.0 8572.8 5715.2 2941.0 1764.6 1176.4 Zhengning 32838.0 19702.8 13135.2 5200.0 3120.0 2080.0 County Heshui County 25370.0 15222.0 10148.0 5953.0 3571.8 2381.2 Total 480535.1 288321.1 192214.0 45388.9 27233.3 18155.5

3. Environmental impact analysis on fertilizer application

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（1）The impact on the soil environment Long-term excessive and continuous use of chemical fertilizers will lead to the introduction of main nutrients into soil, such as sulfuric acid root of thiamine, chloramine chlorine in root etc. A large number of long-term use of nitrogen fertilizer, especially substantial application of ammonium fertilizer, ammonium ions enter into soil, in the process of nitrification hydrogen ions are released, this makes soil gradual acidification. Ammonium ions can replace calcium ions that have coupling effect on soil colloid particles, lead to soil particles dispersion, which destroys the soil granular structure. A large amount application of nitrogen fertilizer into soil can introduce a number of non key nutrients or toxic substances, such as sulfuric acid root ion in ammonium sulphate and chloride ion in ammonium chloride, urea or toxins biuret, they can restrain or poison the normal activities of soil microbial. In addition, among mineral raw materials and chemical raw materials for manufacturing fertilizers, some of them contain a variety of heavy metals, reflective material and other harmful ingredients, they may cause soil pollution with fertilization into the soil. Such as application of phosphate fertilizer can inevitably bring cadmium, fluoride and other harmful substances into soil, overuse of phosphate fertilizer can lead to soil cadmium content much higher than the average soil cadmium content. Not only destroy soil properties, soil acidification can promote the release and migration of some poisonous and harmful pollutants in the soil or enhance toxicity, to reduce soil organisms including microbial and earthworm, also to accelerate the loss of some soil nutrition elements. According to the survey, some farms in northeast China are kept long-term use of nitrogen fertilizer, in the early 1950 s soil organic matter content was about 5% to 5%, it is now decreased to 1% - 2%. Ammonium nitrogen fertilizers were applied in red soil in Jiangxi, two years later topsoil PH value was decreased from 5.0 to 4.3, soil compaction is generally serious. Long-term substantial application of nitrogen fertilizers instead of organic fertilizers in some tropical farmlands has caused serious soil hardening and eventually lost the value of farming. （2）Impact on water body The increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in the environment leads to water environment pollution, the most serious consequence is to cause eutrophication of water bodies. A large number of chemical fertilizers are used in agricultural production, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients move into water body, this can cause water body eutrophication. According to relevant data, it is shown that nitrogen entering into surface water bodies with farmland runoff accounted for 51% nitrogen that discharged by all human activities into the water, nitrogen loss in nitrogen application regions is 3 to 10 times higher than that in non-application region. According to urban surface water environment monitoring data from 1983 to 1987, ammonia nitrogen is increased by 2.1

70 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) times, nitrite is increased by 1.4 times. According to the survey data, among 532 rivers throughout the country, 82% of rivers are at different levels of nitrogen pollution, pollution of first level tributaries of the major rivers is widespread, the higher the level of tributaries the heavier pollution is. Ammonia nitrogen and nitrate in the waters of lakes and rivers are the main pollutants, eutrophication is increasingly serious, at the same time groundwater pollution is caused. 5.1.3 Environmental impact analysis on plastic mulch application Because common mulching films are not degradable, along with the increased farming time, agricultural residues in the soil will also be multiplied cumulative, eventually lead to serious deterioration of soil physical properties, production performance of soil will be badly damaged , the sustainable development of agricultural production is affected in the project area. 1) Soil permeability is the phenomenon of free gravity water moving to deep soil, because residual membrane fragments in the soil change or cut off soil pore continuity, the movement of gravity water encounters larger resistance, gravity water moves down more slowly, so that the moisture infiltration capacity is decreased due to increase of membrane residues, soil water content is decreased, drought-resistant ability of cultivated land is weaken. This even leads to difficult groundwater infiltration, leads to soil secondary salinization and other serious consequences. And uneven distribution of the residual film also can cause uneven irrigation water distribution and nutrient distribution, soil aeration performance is decreased, normal soil microbial activity and soil structure formation are affected, and eventually soil fertility level is reduced. 2）The danger to the crops Due to the film residues in the field would destroy the physical structure f soil, and would hamper the growth and development of plants roots. As long as the film residues are kept in the soil, it would surely prevent the root collusion, and impact the normal absorption of water and nutrients f roots. During the fertilization conducted between plants, since the existing of film residues in the soil, it would segregate the fertilizer and impact the effect of fertilization and lead to the decrement of yield. 3) The impact of residual film on the rural landscape: due to the limitation of the recovery of residual film, processing and recycling of residual film is not complete, recycling methods are limited, some residual film cleared are discarded at fields, water canals and forests, with strong wind the residual films are blown to the fields and trees, rural landscape is influenced to cause "visual pollution". （4）The danger to animals

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Since the bared film residues on the surface of soil mixing with the pasture grass, cattle and sheep might eat the film residues with grass by mistake, the film residues taken by animals would isolate the esophagus impacting digestion or even dying of the animals. 5.1.4 Cropping project impact analysis on ecological system The proposed project area is located in rural area, its land usage mostly include arable land, forest land, and pasture land, with pretty good vegetation coverage. The main cropping varieties in the project area are potato, maize, wheat, forage etc. The forest vegetation mainly includes Cypress trees and wild shrub etc. The cropping impact on ecological system is to change the land utilization and ecological function, as well as the changes of landscape and living environment, in addition to the creation of contaminant source from the application of fertilizer etc. 1. Water and soil erosion impact With the increment of cropping area in the proposed project area, it needs to conducet some land reclamation and the bared mountain treatment and counterpart road construction, which might lead to the situation of loosened and bared ground surface. It would set a basis for the occurrence of water erosion caused by ground water flooding, while create a condition for the occurrence of wind erosion. During the preparation and treatment of bared mountain area, the preparation of site might block the discharging ditches, but the planned discharging ditch could not yet play a sound role if it could not be put into practice, it would be strongly attacked by the sudden flood at some development area, and would lead to a serious water and soil erosion. 2、Changes of land utilization The project land originally belongs to farmland and bared land, which would not involve new reclamation land, only needs to prepare bared land. During the process of land preparation and treatment, it should try to reserve its original topography, rather than the leveling and site preparation in a large scale. The original plantation crops mainly include potatoes, apples, dangshen, forage grass, weeds etc. After project implementation，there would not be too much any changes after plantation, crops without big changes, only address the original usage of bared pasture land, which would lead to a less change for the utilization of land. After the implementation of the proposed project, through the reasonable irrigation, cultivation, fertilization, plantation and other human activities, it would change the original characteristics of natural soil, and would accelerate soil maturation, and might improve the production performance function of soil. 3、Impact on biodiversity The improperly introducing of any new variety would cause the rapid growth of a single species,

72 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) which would destroy its ecological balance. Regarding this proposed project, there is no any new species introduction, but needs to avoid the plantation of single species of crop in a large scale, and try to select local varieties with advantage of diseases resistance, such as apply etc. For the introduction of any new species, it needs to take quarantine so as to prevent from the bringing of pests and diseases. This proposed cropping project is based on local features, supporting the plantation and development of its local adoptive varieties, which originally grows largely in local region. After the implementation of this proposed project, it would not basically change its original biodiversity of ecological environment. 5.1.5 Solid waste impact analysis The solid wastes in project operating period mainly include the discarded wastes in the process of for agricultural production, such as discarded fertilizer packaging materials, waste plastic film, waste irrigation pipes and abandoned pesticide packaging materials, etc. Residuals of mulching films: The primary contents of agricultural film material are polymer compound that are difficult to decompose under natural conditions. Its long-term retention in cultivated land affects the soil permeability, prevents movement of soil water and fertilizer, affects the normal activities of soil microbial and soil structure formation, thus they can reduce the soil fertility level and drought-resistant ability of cultivated land, affects crop root growth and development, leads to crop failure. Residual mulching films even leads to difficulty for groundwater infiltration, leads to soil secondary salinization and other serious consequences. In addition, due to the limitation of the recovery of residual film, processing and recycling of residual film is not complete, recycling methods are limited, some residual film cleared are discarded at fields, water canals and forests, with strong wind the residual films are blown to the fields and trees, rural landscape is adversely influenced. Before and after the project implementation, agricultural film can be basically recycled. This project should further strengthen farmers' training, to help farmers to realize and understand the influence of residual agricultural films for agricultural production, to achieve the initiatives to collect membrane, to reduce agricultural film residues in soil, especially in the region with poor land conditions, it is necessary to improve the quality of agricultural film, to improve agricultural technology, to improve agricultural film recycle rate, to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural production. Plastic pipes and irrigation facilities: before and after the project implementation, the used pipes for micro dripping irrigation are recycled by manufacturers to realize comprehensive utilization of

73 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) the used plastic material, they have little impact on the environment. Abandoned fertilizer packaging wastes: After introduction of soil testing and formulated fertilization in the project area, comparing with traditional fertilization, fertilizer dose is decreased, fertilizer packaging wastes are reduced correspondingly. Fertilizers are generally packed in packaging bags, the used packaging materials are recycled directly by farmers, they are not discarded in fields, and then they are recycled for comprehensive utilization by waste materials recycling companies. Abandoned pesticide packaging: With implementation of measures for prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests in the project area, pesticide usage will be reduced correspondingly. This part of solid wastes has certain risks, in status quo production process, they are usually discarded in fields, they has certain environmental risk to local agricultural soil and surface water and underground water bodies, it is suggested that according to relevant measures for management of hazardous wastes proper collection, storage and timely delivery should be arranged by relevant qualified units for recycling. In conclusion, it is needed to strengthen publicity and training and environment management during project operation, a variety of solid wastes will be recycled and processed for reasonable use, solid wastes produced in project area are of small environmental impact. 5．2 Environment impact analysis and evaluation on livestock development project 5.2.1 Livestock breeding process and impact analysis Livestock development under the project mainly involves pigs, sheep and cows, the farming areas are of rich forage grass resources, and certain local breeding habits are formed. Livestock breeding project is mainly focused on fattening livestock, aquaculture process wastewater mainly comes from livestock excrement and urine, livestock and poultry sheds washing wastewater; Stench largely comes from livestock and poultry dung and urine stench, stench produced by excrement composting; Solid wastes mainly come from livestock and poultry feces, dead livestock occurred in the process of raising livestock etc.; Noise mainly comes from the livestock and poultry. Construction dust Waste exhaust of vehicle

construction wastewater exhaust gas domestic wastewater

noise Housing and ancillary facilities ins construction equipment tallation construction waste solid household garbage waste

vegetation deterioration ecologic al

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water and soil erosion

smash silage batching

exhaust of vehicle exhaust gas Breeding stink

Manure Waste water waste Washing Methane Agricultural Housing water wastewater pool irrigation breeding domestic sewage

Cattle, sheep and pigs cry Green sound insulation measures noise carrier vehicle Slaughter Feed辆 crashing

excrement After composting as farmland organic fertilizer

take-out domestic garbage Centralized collection & shipped to sanitary landfill dumps

Solid placenta Delivery sale or landfill waste

safety well landfill Diagram 5.2.1-1 BreedingDead bodiesprocess and pollutants diagram

5.2.2 Water environment impact analysis Based on the above analysis of this project production process and wastes production link, water pollution sources include waste water from livestock sheds flushing, wastewater from disinfection, wastewater from cleaning utensils and domestic sewage, etc. （1）Waste water from washing animal shed It would take the cleaning process of animal shed by the dry cleaning. The water quota used for the washing of animal shed is respectively based on 2.26m3/100 cattle,d, 0.4m3/100 sheep·d，and 1.2m3/100 pigs, d. Based on the calculation of the maximum quantity of animal for sale, in the project area, there are ordinary 4961 heads of cattle, 97945 heads of sheep, 2111 heads of stock ram, 4000 heads of pigs (newly increased). The water quota for washing all animals per day would be 560.3 m3/d，and 204509 m3/a annually. It is to calculate the washed waste water by taking 80% of total water quota, it would create 448.2m3/d of washed waste water per day, and 163607 m3/a annually. The main pollutants in the washed waste water are COD, BOD5, SS, NH3-N, coliform bacteria. （2）Urine of animals By taken the analogy survey to sheep, it notices that the total urine discharged by sheep daily is 1L per day for each sheep. According to the Technical Specifications of Livestock and Poultry

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Breeding Pollution Control Engineering (HJ497-2009) in appendix A table A. 2, it would take the standard of (cattle urine output 10 kg/A, d) and the reference data from the First National Pollution Census Handbook of Livestock and Poultry Breeding Industry Sources Pollution Coefficient table 2 northwest beef cattle production coefficient (431kg weight fattening cattle urine volume of 8.32 L/d, and 65 kg weight fattening pig urine volume of 2.44 L/head, d), combined with the actual situation of this animal breeding project, it plans to take 9 L/d per day of discharged urine output for the cattle, and 3L/head per day of discharged urine output for pigs. Thus, the total discharged urine output for this proposed animal raising project is 156.8 m3 / d per day and 57232 m3 / A annually. 5.2-1 Gansu province livestock water use quota table Category water consumption fixed unit remarks norm Domestic Animals L/head.day 60 Horses, cows, donkeys, mules and camels, etc swine L/head.day 40 sheep L/ head. day 10 poultry L/ head. day 1 Chickens, ducks, geese, etc Livestock wastewater includes livestock urine and livestock house washing wastewater, with high concentration of organics, containing large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and suspended solids, bad smell, high pollution load, with breeds raising and management level, climate, season change there are significant differences. This project adopts dry night soil treatment, in terms of wastewater concentration, it is based on data in table A2 “ Main water pollutants and properties in livestock and poultry breeding” that are specified in “the best feasible technical guide on pollution prevention and control for scaled livestock and poultry farms” (for trial implementation). Waste water and pollutants can be found in following table 5.2-2. Table 5.2-2 Project wastewater and pollutants generation table

wastewater Contaminants Types of quantity indicators wastewater 3 COD BOD SS TP （m /a） 5 NH3-N concentration（mg/L） 1800 970 2000 80 20 Cattle 40923.3 quantity generated wastewater 73.7 39.7 81.8 3.3 0.8 （t/a） concentration（mg/L） 1200 1100 800 400 60 Urine of cattle 16296.9 quantity generated 19.6 17.9 13.0 6.5 0.98 （t/a） Sheep 146081.8 concentration（mg/L） 750 400 1200 30.6 6.32

76 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) wastewater quantity generated 109.6 58.4 175.3 4.47 0.92 （t/a） concentration（mg/L） 900 850 300 270 40 Urine of sheep 36520.4 quantity generated 32.9 31.0 11.0 9.86 1.46 （t/a） concentration（mg/L） 2300 1050 2500 100 40 swine wastewater 17520 quantity generated 40.3 18.4 43.8 1.75 0.7 （t/a） concentration（mg/L） 4000 3000 4000 1200 180 Urine of pig 4380 quantity generated 17.5 13.1 17.5 5.26 0.79 （t/a） Note: wastewater concentration of sheep raising is derived by analogy. （3）disinfected wastewater Livestock enterprises in terms of health and epidemic prevention will construct disinfection rooms in the inlet of livestock production area, to make disinfectant liquid mixture with disinfectant and water for spray, people entering the production area must be disinfected. According to field survey on livestock farming enterprises, disinfectants used by the livestock farming enterprises include sodium dichloro cyanurate (C3O3N3Cl2Na) or trichloroisocyanuric acid (C3O3N3Cl3), the mix ratio with water is 1:8 00, dosage is small, at the same time, different cyanuric acid salt is of the phenomenon including no residue, high safety, no resistance and cross resistance to drugs. After investigation it is found that there is no drainage facilities in disinfection rooms, therefore, there will be no disinfectant liquid discharged into the environment. Only clean water and medicament reagent are added regularly, it is not considered as sources of pollution in this assessment. 5.2.3 Water environmental impact analysis 1）Impact on surface water If the project is in full implementation fecal sewage after treatment under this the project will be returned into fields as organics, in accordance with the principles such as combining planting with sewage recycle, using wastewater as resource. The processed livestock wastes can be sold and applied into farmland. With completion of the project roads are hardened, feces are often collected so as to reduce permeability loss or surface runoff loss. Thus the project activities may produce minor impact on

77 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) surface water resources. In fact, if the project is at comprehensive implementation, compared with the current way of livestock production, project impact on the surface water sources should be positive. 2）The impact on groundwater Since the drinking water for the livestock under this proposed project would be supplied by the self-constructed water pond, without consideration of fetching underground water. Thus, it would not generate any impact to the underground water table and available underground water resource volume in the project area. There will be the following approaches which might cause underground water contamination during the operation period for the livestock raising projects: （1）Since the animal breeding project is to collect animal urine and dung by the construction of ruin collection pool and dung heaping ground as a temporary storage and processing facilities, some factors such as the cracking of urine collection pool impervious layer, sealing adhesive seam is not thick, or sewage pipeline rupture caused the pollutants such as seepage, and shallow groundwater pollution. Possibility of this pollution pathway is lesser, once it happened, very different to find the pollution, suffering from a larger influence of pollution. Thus, it needs to strengthen management. （2）If it is to improperly take prevention measures to the temporarily heaped animal dung on the ground, it would cause leakage and contaminate underground water. （3）During sound rainstorm, if the rain sewage is un-smoothly discharged, the rain water containing harmful poisoning rain water, would slowly flow into the animal shed and the ground， which would cause the pollution of underground water. （4）The sewage from animal raising would not be discharged, which should be recycled to be used for irrigation after treatment. Thus, it might cause a certain of impact to the underground water in a specific area. The excessive use of livestock and poultry manure may exceed land absorptive load, residual materials in soil such as N and P can infiltrate into groundwater (mainly for N), or they can be brought into nearby water body (mainly for P) by earth's surface water flow, this will lead to increased concentration of N mixture (nitrite, nitrate) in groundwater, if human drank this kind of water for a large amount or for a long time, this would induce cancer. If mixture of manure and dirt in the project area were badly managed, or ground were not hardened with calcareous soil, infiltration of N into groundwater or N and P pollution of groundwater body nearby could cause water eutrophication. If the proposed project activities are fully implemented, the project will not have obvious effects on underground water sources. In fact, if the project is comprehensively implemented,

78 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) comparing with the current way of livestock production, the project influence on surface water sources should be positive. 5.2.4 Atmospheric impact analysis Malodorous gas produced during project construction mainly comes from unorganized emissions, main sources include livestock housing, storage cesspool, feces. Waste air pollution mainly comes from livestock farm housing both inside and outside, dunghill, cesspool, livestock play ground. The air pollution are mainly from stench via organic matter decomposition and harmful gases (such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, mo acid, skatole) and dust carrying pathogenic microorganisms. Stink produced in livestock farms are mainly of two kinds of materials, namely carbohydrate and nitrogenous organic matter. These foul-smelling substances can affect human and animal physiology, in addition pasture stench may directly or indirectly make harm to human and livestock health, also can cause decline of livestock productivity, worsen pasture ecological environment . If waste management related activities under the project are not yet fully implemented it is likely that a large number of livestock and poultry wastes will not be handled in time, poisonous and harmful gas including methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, methyl sulfide, dimethylamine and various low-level fatty acids etc. also can be produced to pollute the air and cause relative decline of oxygen in the air, to result in immunity decline of human and animals, frequent occurrence of respiratory diseases, to affect the quality of livestock and poultry products. This evaluation is based on the reference of “foul-smelling substances emission standards” and “health standards for design of industrial enterprises”, etc. This animal breeding project belongs to the individual farming, with the maximum scale of cattle breeding 12 heads, sheep breeding 100 per household and pig raising 3 heads per household. According to the Large-scale Farms Stink Material Urgently to Be Solved in the Biological Control Technology "(ke-chun zhang cheng-rong ye) and analogy survey research data, it notices that a ten thousand head of pig would discharge into the atmosphere of 15.9 kg/h NH3, 1.45kg/h H2S. According to the conversion ratio of pigs and other livestock animals, it finds that cattle farming zone would maximum discharge NH3 emissions of 95.4 g/h, the largest emissions of H2S 8.7 g/h. As for the sheep farmers, it would maximum discharge emission of 10.6 g/h NH3, H2S emissions of 0.97 g/h; Pig raising farmers would maximum discharge NH3 emissions of 4.77 g/h, H2S emissions of 0.02 g/h. The project area is located in the rural areas, with better environment quality situation. Based on the ordinary cleaning of animal shed, timely cleaning of animal wastes, it would effectively mitigate the environment impact of surroundings which might be caused by the odor.

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5.2.5 Solid wastes

Solid wastes produced in the project mainly include pigs, cattle and sheep excrement, dead pig carcasses, afterbirth, sludge, waste desulfurizer, medical wastes etc. 1、Solid waste pollution sources （1）Cow, sheep and pig excrement Annual slaughter output in the project is 4961 heads of cattle, 97945 sheep, 4000 pigs, in accordance with the "livestock and poultry breeding industry pollutant discharge standard" (GB18596-2001), in terms of intensive sheep farm and breeding area, to convert sheep cultivation quantity into pig quantity, conversion ratio is: 3 sheep converting into 1 pig, after conversion according to the amount of farming lamb the scale level of sheep farm and breeding area is determined, with reference to the standard the provisions are applied. According to the reference data in the “National large-scale livestock and poultry breeding pollution survey and control counter-measures”, pig manure index is 2.0 kg/d, excretion output of 3 sheep is equivalent to a pig excretion, that is : each sheep manure index is 0.67 kg/d, sheep excretion quantity in the project is 23952.45 t/a. Each cattle manure index is 20.0 kg/d, cow excretion quantity in the project is 36215.3 t/a. Each pig manure index is 2 kg/d, pig excretion quantity in the project is 2920 t/a. Dry night soil process is applied to cow, sheep and pig housing, 63087.75 t/a of excrement and urine are collected in a unified form, then they are discharged into biogas generating pool. （2）Biogas residue and comprehensive utilization measures Biogas residue contains rich nutrients and organic matter, including 36-49.9% organic matter, 10.1-- 24.6% humid acid, 5-9% crude protein, total nitrogen 0.8-- 1.5%, 0.4-- 0.6% total phosphorus, total potassium 0.6 --1.2%, also some minerals, it is a high quality organic fertilizer. If biogas residue is used as a basic fertilizer its effect is very good, and combined with biogas slurry soaking seed and foliage top-dressing better effects can be produced, also they can basically make crops and fruit trees free of plant diseases and insect pests during reproductive period, to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Each project household has 0.08 ton biogas residue, total annual output in the project is 148 ton/annum, they are all used for potato and apple fertilization etc.

（3）Impact of livestock manure heaping up and reconstruction Livestock feces are easily fetid, breeding flies, causing atmospheric pollution environment. If it would not be handled in time, it would be easily mixed with water into a paste, and easily cause the loss of manure; And as the rain washed out, it is easily to generate leachate, which contains high concentration of pollutants leaking into the surface water or groundwater and soil. Therefore, the solid waste should be properly handled in time, and should set up special location

80 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) for the temporarily storage by setting rain proofing shed and taking a set of anti-seepage measures. During summer time, it should periodically spray disinfectant on the manure heaping ground. During the design of the needed capacity of manure heaping ground, it could refer the relevant requirement specified in the Detailed Regulation for the Accounting of Total Emission Reduction of the Main Contaminants during the 12th Five Year Planning Period, issued by the national environment protection ministry. 2. food residue Annual livestock on hand and slaughter output in the project is 4961 heads of cows, 97945 sheep, 2111 introduce stock rams and 4000 pigs, according to analogy data, food residue produced in the project is 670t/a , they are collected by manual, then they are discharged into biogas generating pool. 3. Dead cow sheep and parturition wastes 1) Dead animals Regarding the disposal of the dead infected animals, it should strictly follow with the relevant requirements of health and sanitation for the processing, and should hand over it to the qualified and certificated unit for the disposal; Farmers should keep all relevant document and certificates etc relating to the proposal of the dead infected animals, in order to facilitate the supervision and management of the environmental protection department. According to analogy of same type livestock farm, livestock death rate is at 0.1 ~ 0.3%, amount of project annual livestock on hand is 4961 heads of cows, 97945 sheep, 2111 head of introduced breeding sheep, 4000 pigs. Annual death number is 2 pigs, 1 sheep and 1 cow. According to analogy data, project delivery waste output is 8.4 / annum. Dead livestock and poultry are hazardous wastes, belonging to Category HW01waste, waste code 900-001-01. according to the “innocent disposal procedures for livestock and poultry disease and meat and its products”, they should be disposed in landfill well safely. According to the provisions in the “pollution control standard for land filling hazardous waste” (GB18598-2001) the site of landfill wells should be selected. It is proposed in this EIA that 2 safe landfill wells with 10 m3 single capacity should be installed for each livestock farmer, safe landfill wells should be of impervious measures, at the same time they should be disinfected with quick lime. 2）The new-born livestock deaths Due to the factors lacking of oxygen, dystocia, cow/ewes viral diarrhea virus infection, low primary livestock immune factors, easy causing new born livestock deaths etc, it is easily to cause the deaths of the primary born animals. According to the general animal breeding experience,

81 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) through strengthening management, calf mortality rate is about 5% ~ 5%. The dead new born livestock might contain some bacteria, which may endanger the health of human and should be unfavorable for eating. Therefore, by following the suggestions with reference to the Technical Specification of Livestock and Poultry Breeding Pollution Prevention (HJ/T81-2001) on the treatment of bodies of dead livestock and poultry and the disposal requirements, it should take landfill treatment to the dead new-born animals. 4、The placenta Livestock produces the placenta after reproduction. Placenta is consisted of amniotic membrane, leaf chorionic (also called CongMi chorionic) and bottom decidua. According to the Analysis of the Bovine Placenta Nutrition (China dairy industry Li Lulong, Liu Yuewen, Mr Yu), it specifies that bovine placenta contains plenty of high protein and essential amino acid needed for human body, proved by clinical trials with tonifying qi and nourishing blood, beneficial health functions; Have adjust endocrine and enhance the immune function, delaying menopause syndrome; Have cosmetic effect, can eliminate facial brown spots and age spots, etc. Placenta has good health care effect. Therefore, the recommendations from EIA are as follows: project implementation village should actively contact the local grocery or other acquirers, placenta can be used as a health food or medicine to be sold, which could increase the economic income of households on one hand, on the other hand, it can reduce environmental pollution; Under the circumstance of temporarily the placenta of animals have not yet be acquired, it could consult ill cattle landfill disposal measures of processing. Placenta should be related to inspection before sale, so as to avoid bringing bacteria, viruses and other microbes, which would be harmful to human health. 5、medical wastes In the process of project livestock and poultry breeding it is needed regularly to inject vaccine. Certain amount of medical wastes will be produced , mainly including vaccine and packing of the drugs and syringes for pig cow barn, belonging to national hazardous waste list HW01 medical waste – non-specific industry. Medical waste output is about 38 tons per year, it is needed to entrust a qualified unit for processing. The proposed project area is located at the remote rural area, and some activities such as the prevention and treatment of animal epidemic diseases have to be conducted in the households of farmers, and the medical treatment wastes always are freely disposed, without concentrated collection and transportation ； the overdue medicines or wasted medical instruments in vet station should be united and stored, and to be periodically transported to burying sites. The burying sites mostly should be selected far away from the source of water,

82 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

without much sensitive sites, such as residential zone, schools etc at the surroundings. It should cautiously select the site of burying, where should have stable geological condition, lower underground water table, high coefficient of seepage proofing. However, currently, the treatment in burying site is still quite simple, suffering from a quite high risk, in addition to the environment impacts of underground water contamination, soil pollution etc. It might cause a quite large environment danger. 6、Impact analysis Livestock and poultry excrement are delivered to project biogas septic tank for fermentation, meeting the livestock and poultry breeding industry waste residue harmless requirements in “the livestock and poultry breeding industry pollutants emission standards” , that is ova of roundworm mortality of 95% or higher, number of fecal coliform is less than 105 / kg or less, to do composting, waste harmless disposal should meet the requirements of “the waste harmless disposal health standard ”(GB 7959-1987) standards. The Project will produce a certain amount of dead bodies, dead livestock and poultry with infectious diseases and feces belong to strict control wastes in the province, they should be strictly processed in accordance with the control requirements in “the innocent disposal procedures for dead livestock and poultry meat and its products” (GB16548-1996), "the livestock and poultry breeding pollution control technical specifications" (HJ/T81-2001) and "livestock and poultry breeding industry pollutant discharge standards" (GB18596-2001). The farmer household shall set up 2 landfill wells, landfill method is used for dead pig body treatment. Landfill well is a concrete structure, with depth of 5 m, 1 m in diameter, wellhead affix a lid seal. Dead pig is put into airtight pressure cooker, under a 112 kpa pressure for cooking 1.5 ~ 2 h for landfill. After each pig body is put into the landfill well, the pig body is covered a layer of 10 cm slaked lime, after landfill the landfill well is compacted with earth and seal out. In the process of livestock and poultry breeding it is needed regularly to inject vaccine. Certain amount of medical wastes will be produced, belonging to national hazardous waste list HW01 medical waste. It is needed to entrust a qualified unit for processing these medical wastes. Through the above measures, proper disposal and utilization of solid wastes are carried out in the project construction, there is no emission and disposal to the environment, there is no harmful effects produced to the environment. In addition, the places for heaping garbage and each functional buildings should be cleaned regularly, to pay attention to foresting and greening the surrounding environment, to keep the surrounding environment clean, through a series of effective control measures, project solid wastes will not have adverse impact on the surrounding environment.

83 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

5.2.6 Noise environment impact analysis and projection The main source of noise from the proposed animal raising project is the moo of cattle, with 75～85dB（A）of noise source intensity, which could be regarded as the point sound source and might be reduced by keeping a certain distance away from the source of noise by the calculation of contribution value for the source of noise to the protected sensitive objectives, followed by the analysis to the contrition value. The model of noise degrading is shown as follows:

Lp=Lpo－20lg（r/ro）－△L

Of which：Lp——the projected value of construction noise from the source of noise within distance of r meters，dB（A）；

Lpo——the reference noise level at the location of ro meter away from the source of noise，dB（A）；

ro——Lpo the distance (5m or 1m) between the source of noise and the measured point，m。 △L——The decreased noise after taking various mitigation measures，dB（A）。 Based on the projection model of degrading noise from the source of noise, the calculated distances with degrading noise reduced from the noise source are shown in the following table. Table 5.2-2 The Projected Value of Noise with Different Distance to the Source of Cattle Moo

Original Noise reduced dB（A） Source of noise noise dB（A） 10m 15m 20m 40m 60 m Animal moo 80 60 56.5 54.0 47.9 44.4

5.2.7 Impact analysis on human and animal health Livestock and poultry dung pollutants contain a large number of pathogenic microorganism and parasite eggs and flies, disease varieties are increased in the environment, disease pathogens and parasites are multiplied, the spread of human and livestock infectious disease is prevailing, especially lead to the outbreak of zoonoses to have harmful effect on human and animals. The solid and liquid waste treatment in the Project proposal will minimize the impact on human health or prevent it from happening. Therefore, the project does not produce any harmful impact on human and livestock health, compared with the present situation, it will also help to reduce these problems.

84 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

5.2.8 The impact of epidemic diseases Human and animal excrements contain a large number of pathogenic microorganism, basically include typhoid bacillus, paratyphoid bacillus, dysentery bacillus, polio virus, coli bacillus, schistosome eggs, hook worm eggs, ova of roundworms eggs, etc., in the process of anaerobic fermentation, due to inadequate pathogen inactivated, they will spread with the use of biogas manure, cause human health risk. 5.2.9 Impact on soil by using livestock poultry wastewater for agricultural irrigation At present the main way of fecal treatment on livestock and poultry manure is to apply them in farmland as organic fertilizers, many animal husbandry developed countries will also use farmland as a load carrier of poultry and animal feces to absorb the nutrients, farmland absorption capacity for poultry and livestock feces is depended on soil quality and soil fertility. （1）Impact on soil environmental effects Zhu Zhaoliang (the loss of nitrogen in farmland and countermeasures, soil and environment, 2000, 9 (1) : 1-6) studies have shown that in large use of chemical fertilizers nitrogen (N) amount should be controlled in 150 ~ 180 kg/hm2, beyond this level environmental pollution will be caused. In terms of annual manure application, N application rate is related with soil texture, fertility and climate and other natural conditions, considering these factors, the EU's agricultural policy sets out that, the limit standard of nitrogen (N) amount in annual manure dose is 170 kg/hm2, nitrogen content in irrigation water is this project is (7.98 * 7.98 = 28/31) 7.98 t/a, it is used to irrigate 3450 mu irrigation area, nitrogen (N) amount in the agriculture irrigation area is 31.30 kg/hm2, below the standard, it shows that agricultural irrigation area can completely digest and absorb poultry and livestock feces, risk of soil pollution in agriculture irrigation area is very small. （2）Impact on soil physical and chemical properties Soil physical and chemical properties is very important for crop growth and nutrient effective absorption, in addition to a large number of organic matter and quick nutrient content available in biogas slurry, also contain organic acids, amino acids, they can significantly change soil intrinsic physical and chemical properties, consequently affect crop growth and nutrient uptake. Research data of Zhang Wudi et in "Biogas slurry impact on soil organic matter content and fertilization effect " (Zhang Wudi, the Renewable Energy, 2008, 26 (6)) shows that the impact of biogas slurry application on soil organic matter content and soil improvement and fertilization effects, the results show that biogas slurry application can significantly increase soil organic matter, ammonia nitrogen,

85 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) rapid available potassium and rapid available phosphorus content, biogas slurry application is helpful to adjust soil pH value. Other reports (Wang Yuexia, “Biogas slurry farmland utilization technology and its study of soil environmental effect”, Zhejiang agricultural university) points out that biogas slurry irrigation can improve microbial populations of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in soil, fertilizer application and biogas slurry with nitrogen the effect is obvious; biogas slurry application can also improve dominance index, richness and uniformity of the three types of microorganisms in soil, and soil microbial diversity is increased. (3) Impact on soil heavy metals At present due to the influence by adding heavy metals more or less in the process of livestock and poultry breeding, livestock and poultry waste contains a certain amount of heavy metals. Soil zinc, the content of Cu in top layer 0 ~ 20 cm > 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer, relevant data shows that biogas slurry irrigation will increase Cu and zinc content in soil at all levels, but the heavy metal content does not exceed the national soil environment quality standard limit, it is indicated that biogas slurry application has less effect on the soil heavy metal accumulation. 5.3 Product processing Chinese herbal medicine processing project is mainly focused on primary processing, the primary processing simply refers to process of picking, kneading, drying process, process description is as follows: It is required to make classification of Chinese medicinal materials in certain time and store in raw material storehouse to maintain good quality of medicinal materials, some of Chinese herbal medicine are then taken out from the warehouses to select and organize, inappropriate medicinal materials or disqualified medicinal materials are removed out, and the selected medicinal materials will be trimmed and shaped up. It is needed to arrange medicinal materials into washing machine for cleaning, to remove dirt and impurities, to cut medicinal materials to meet the requirements of slicing, to cut all into small flakes, to make into slices, and put into oven for drying, inappropriate pieces are smashed into medicinal powder, to dry them in oven, with high pressure steam sterilization, then packaging. The main impact analysis (1) Waste water environmental impact analysis The sources of production wastewater in the project mainly include water used for cleaning medicinal materials, cleaning mechanical equipment, they have little impact on the environment. (2)Atmospheric environmental impact analysis In the process of medicinal material crushing, sieving, packaging a certain amount of dust will be produced, but mechanical devices used in these processes are closed ones, through bag dust collectors, the dust is scanty, less impact will be produced on external environment. Sterilization

86 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) equipment are tight sealing equipment, only after the process of sterilization medicinal materials will be taken out with very small amount of water vapor as fugitive emissions, they have little influence upon external environment. (3) Acoustic environmental impact analysis Noise reduction measures are designed and taken on noisy equipment, such as installing rubber damping pads on processing equipment, to install sound insulation devices on the motor of processing equipment, with above measures, through comparison and analogy of similar enterprises, the sound level of sound source overlay does not exceed 84 db (A); In equipment arrangement layout, produce equipment are installed far away from the sensitive area, double insulated glass are installed, to reduce noise impact on the environment. The workshop attenuation value will be at 15 dB (A), double insulated glass value will be at 8 dB (A). With above measures, project factory area can meet the threshold requirements of day and night noise reduction. (4) Solid waste environmental impact analysis Primary wastes in the project production process are detritus of raw medicinal materials, packages of raw medicinal, domestic garbage, and so on. Herbs clastics in the process of project production must be recycled as far as possible. In case they can not be recycled they must be processed by local sanitation departments. Domestic garbage are non-toxic harmless wastes, they are collected in the factory, the local environmental sanitation stations will collect and treat them on a regular basis. 5.4 Resources carrying capacity analysis 5.4.1 Water resources carrying capacity analysis 1. Water used in the irrigation for crops Irrigation is the main approach using water in project area. The irrigated crops include forage grass, apple, potato, Chinese medicine herbs. Referring the irrigation quota specified in Gansu Sector Water Using Quota for the quota in agriculture irrigation. The water using condition for this proposed additional cropping activities are described in the following table 5.4-1. Table 5.4.1 Water Consumption in the Additional Agriculture Cropping Activities

Irrigatio Water Project Crops n Quota scale/ha consumption/ Water source and usage county 3 /(m /mu) (m3/a) Dangs Implementation of water division from Longxi 50 105 78750 hen Taohe river project Subtotal 105 78750

87 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Weiyuan 750 450000 Potato 40 Yongjing 1140 684000 Harvest rain water for irrigation Subtotal 1890 1134000 Weiyuan 203.81 152857.5 Huachi 600 450000 Construction water cisterns 530 county grass 50 Zhangjiac 230 172500 huan Subtitle 1033.1 775357.5 Total 1988107.5 2、Water consumption in animal raising Referring the Water Quota Used in Irrigation by Sectors in Gansu, water consumption quota in animal raising is shown in the following table: Table 5.4-2 Water Consumption in Animal Raising in the Proposed Project Counties Water consumption quota Water Animal 3 Project county ( m /100head•day) Scale (head) consumption name Animal drinking Shed washing (m3/d) Tongwei 2745 226.7 Cattle 6 2.26 Zhangjiachuan 2216 183.0 Huanxian 12346 128.4 Huachi 9485 98.6 Dongxiang 15971 166.1 Yongjing 6371 66.3 Gulang Sheep 1 0.4 17904 186.2 Anding 13092 136 Lintao 9683 100.7 Minxian 8646 89.9 Tongwei 6549 68.1 Miinxian Pigs 4 1.2 4000 208 Total water consumption (m3/d) 1658 3、Water resource balance analysis All data used in balance analysis of water resource is provided by counties PMOs in each

88 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) project counties. Table 5.4.3 shows the balance of water resource in project area before and after project implementation.

89 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Table 5.4-3 The Table of Water Resource Usage and Balance Before project implementation After project implementation Water availability (0000m3) Water demanded Water availability (0000m3) Water demanded Assuranc Existin Water in Problem Assuranc Effecti Water County Effective Water Existin Water No e rate Availabl g water short solving e rate Available ve in short name irrigatio usage g water usage 75% of e water divisio (0000 approach 75% of water irrigati (0000 n area (0000 division (0000 water usage n m3) water usage on area m3) （mu） m3) volume m3) volume volume volume （mu） Huan 1 167.83 143.1 117.8 67500 141.9 1.2 167.83 143.1 117.8 67500 143.5 -0.4 county Gulang 2 857.55 1550 1550 32852 1143.4 406.6 865.8 1550 1550 32852 1154.4 395 County Anding 3 869.4 766.9 713.2 22043 711 55.9 1173.7 1035.3 962.8 131265 962.8 72.2 district Weiyua Water 4 238.4 133.1 40.3 90572 109.5 23.6 238.4 143.1 40.3 139.5 3.6 n county supply 104879 Longxi project, 5 337.2 134.9 101.1 41352 113.6 21.3 337.2 134.9 101.1 133.6 1.3 county water pond 42927 Tongwei 6 408.6 338.4 97.5 6500 306 32.5 408.6 338.4 97.5 6500 325 13.4 county Lintao 7 679.7 634.4 587.5 21368 457.6 176.8 679.7 634.4 587.5 21368 461.6 172.8 county Dongxia 8 132 132 7.98 18750 78 54 132 132 7.89 18750 80 52 n county

90 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Yongjin 9 879.3 868.9 793.6 17857 689.2 179.7 879.3 868.9 793.6 694.2 174.7 g county 34957 Jinning 10 68.47 82.15 36.2 6060 81.37 0.78 68.47 82.15 36.2 6800 82.43 0.28 county Heshui 11 643.86 321.91 12 9000 198 115 643.86 321.91 54 9000 190 124 county Huachi 12 320 274 126 28800 173 101 220 274 126 178 96 county 37800 13 Minxian 16535 16535 0 0 365 16170 16535 16535 0 0 377 16158 Zhengni 14 ng 138 138 4.68 17970 56 82 138 138 4.68 22000 57 81 county Zhuangl 15 ang 76.3 90.4 41.8 6600 89.5 0.9 76.3 90.4 41.8 7480 89 1.4 county Zhangjia 16 126.1 187.6 142.5 33200 132.8 54.8 126.1 187.6 142.5 150.8 36.8 chuan 36650 Notes：the available sources of water：It includes the water from river, wells, water pond(water division quota), which could be used in cropping, except rain water.

91 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

5.4.2 The impact on local pasture burden In consideration of specific implementation of the project components in project area, grass bearing capacity analysis are shown in table 5.4 4. It can be seen from the table that livestock development project counties, including Yongjing county, Dongxiang county, Gulang county, WeiYuan county, Tongwei county, MinXian county, Anding district, Zhangjiachuan county, Jingning county, Huang county, Huachi county , have enough grass to support the amount of livestock under the project., the implementation of project, project support the development of livestock, total

92 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) Table 5.4-3 Summary table of grass and livestock in project area Livestock Amount available for grass Total number of development total surplus and Amounts of grass No. County name existing livestock supported by the (Sheep cultivated wild grass Miscellane deficiency required (ton) sub-total native pasture crop residues (Sheep unit) project unit) grassland ground ous amount (ton) (Sheep unit) 1 Yongjing County 29000 1500 30500 20038 26200 8160 5440 10200 0 2400 +6162 2 Dongxiang County 19600 50000 59600 17780 44603 75 0 33264 0 11264 +26823 Gulang 3 49599 22000 71599 47040.54 53280.00 0 0 53280.00 +6239 County Weiyuan 4 18495 5200 23695 15567.62 14836 6480 5000 3356 +731.62 County Longxi 5 575042 0 575042 630000 1960000 160000 0 1800000 0 0 +1330000 County 6 Tongwei County 650000 6000 656000 700000 2680000 280000 2400000 +1980000 7 Min County 191600 14000 205600 81047 92000 15000 55800 20700 500 0 +10953 8 Anding District 97961 8441 106402 69906.11 125343 3159 122184 -55436.89 Lintao 9 493700 16810 510510 335405.1 426908.3 287300 0 139608.3 0 +91503 County 10 Zhangjiachuan county 62120 15504 77624 50998.968 51893.9 3537 10602.37 33433.75 4320.78 0 +894.93 11 Zhuanglang County 0 12 Jingning County 14957 4000 18957 12454.749 28540.2 9336.6 0 13587.6 0 5616 +16085.45 Huan 13 189050 6830 194183 157528 190417 59346 131071 +32889 County Huachi 14 16000 9300 25300 26500 458500 32500 400000 26000 0 +432000 County

93 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

15 Zhengning County 14800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Heshui 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 County Above all, it can be seen from the table above livestock development in total supported under the project in16 counties have enough grass.

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5.5 Environmental Assimilative Capacity Analysis 5.5.1 Overview Environmental bearing capacity is also called environmental tolerance or environmental endurance, which is the environmental capacity. It means that in a certain period, under certain environmental condition, the supporting capacity limit for a regional environment of the human society, economic activity. The environment for human survival and development is a large system, it provides space and carrier for human activities, and it also provides resources for human activities and accommodate wastes. For human activities, the value of environmental system embodied in it can provide support for existence and development of human society an activity. As the environmental system’s material proportion is of certain quantity relationship, have certain distribution rule in space, so it's ability to support human activities has certain limit. A variety of environmental problems of today show that to large extent there are conflict between human activities and environmental bearing capacity. When human society economic activities impact on the environment exceed the supportive limit of the environment, namely the "stimulus" exceeds the capacity of the environmental system to maintain the dynamic balance and anti-interference ability, which means that human social behavior force exceeds the carrying capacity of the environment. Thus, it could use human environmental capacity as a scale to evaluate the coordinated extent of the human society economy and the environment. The bearing capacity of various pollutants is the bearing capacity of the environment, it is needed to analyze the bearing capacity of the environment from the perspective of Composition elements, including analysis on atmospheric environmental capacity, water environmental capacity, soil bearing capacity. 5.5.2 Livestock and poultry breeding environment capacity analysis The main pollutants under the project include excrement and urine of cattle, sheep and pigs, dead animals, medical wastes from animal epidemic prevention, a variety of packaging for plant pests control, one of the biggest environmental impacts in project area is dung of cattle, sheep and pigs. Thus environmental capacity analysis is mainly aimed at the analysis on excrement and urine of cows, sheep and pigs, to consider whether the total cultivated land in the project area can absorb livestock and plantation wastes from the existing and new breeding activities. Animal urine will immediately enter methane tanks or natural evaporation, carcasses of sick animals and medical wastes will be treated through special process, there is no environmental capacity problem. Animal wastes mainly used as organic fertilizer are applied into farmland, so it is needed to carry out environmental capacity analysis. Reference to The Detailed Regulation on the Accounting of the Reduction of Main

95 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Contaminants Total Emission in “the twelfth five-year plan” Period, the utilization of agriculture sewage/urine should construct a fixed rain anti-seepage sewage pool/urine. Under normal circumstances, the pool size should be able to accommodate more than 2 months of sewage discharged/urine (not less than 0.3 m3 of sewage would be generated by 1 sale pig), and shall provide a clear certificate demonstrating where the sewage/urine has been transported or the certificate of users. In general, the absorbed and digested sewage/urine or manure by the soil per mu annually would not excess the total volume of excrement produced by 5 pigs (for sale), 0.2 heads of cattle (for sale), 15 sheep (for sale). Inside the animal breeding farms, generally it would construct the specific urine collection and storage tanks and temporary heaping ground of dry manure. It plans to take brick-concrete structure to construct the tank, and the bottom and walls of the tank would be pint by limes so as to avoid the seepage of urines. Urine and feces after the fermentation and the degradation, it could be used as farmland fertilizer. The detailed statistic table 5.5-2 shows the status of fertilization application by using animal urine and dung.”

96 EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) Table 5.5-1 Arable land area in project county & villages

County name Project counties (ha) Project village (ha) Arable land Orchard area Arable land Orchard area Arable land Orchard area Arable land Orchard area Yongjing 23747.0 2367.0 6533.0 32647.0 3871.0 7.7 672.0 4550.7 County Dongxiang 24467.0 2330.0 855.0 27652.0 2212.6 87.2 173.0 2472.8 County Gulang County 75533.3 4769.9 4109.9 84413.1 5053.0 0.0 1458.8 6511.8 Weiyuan 53380.0 0.0 685.3 54065.3 5480.0 0.0 57.1 5537.1 County Longxi County 78457.0 2216.0 30667.0 111340.0 4928.5 100.0 1710.0 6738.5 Tongwei 122186.1 5000.0 4273.4 131459.5 4841.0 46.6 275.0 5162.6 County Minxian 42996.0 167.0 9733.0 52896.0 5132.0 0.0 4218.0 9350.0 County Anding 114504.2 2049.0 56800.0 173353.2 8751.0 210.0 6367.2 15328.2 District Lintao County 120886.6 / / 120886.6 / / / / Zhangjiachuan 37600.0 3000.0 6947.0 47547.0 3354.0 0.0 163.3 3517.3 County Zhuanglang 61103.0 9297.0 10517.0 80917.0 2096.0 368.4 42.2 2506.6 County Jingning 98032.0 34974.0 1347.0 134353.0 3228.2 300.0 159.4 3687.6 County Huan 205133.0 6153.0 117906.0 329192.0 18806.0 0.0 22043.0 40849.0 County Huachi County 68908.0 94.3 49746.7 118749.0 16414.0 911.0 2988.9 20313.9 Zhengning 28627.0 13213.0 666.7 42506.7 4534.0 1778.0 0.0 6312.0 County Heshui County 25703.0 14705.0 12000.0 52408.0 4555.0 4000.0 980.0 9535.0

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Total 1181263.3 100335.2 312787.0 1594385.4 93256.3 7808.9 41307.9 142373.1

Table 5.5-2 Arable land carrying capacity of livestock farming manure quantity in project counties

Project sheep cow swine county Total land The Increase area existing d Increased Increased Predicte Increased carrying farmlan Predicted Predicted Predicted Satisfiab amount amount amount d amount the total d in number in Total number in Total number in Total Total ility under under the under the number under the livestock project 2014 (head) 2014 (head) 2014 (head) (head) the project project in 2014 project manure counties (head) (head) (head) project (head) (head) (head) (head) （mu） （mu） (head) Yongjing S 17944 7500 25444 1696.3 1804 0 1804 9020 0 0 0 0 10716.3 356205 County Dongxiang S 21828 15600 37428 2495.2 3192 0 3192 15960 0 0 0 0 18455.2 367005 County Gulang S 75019 12120 87139 5809.3 10513 0 10513 52565 32794 0 32794 6558.8 64933.1 1133000 County Weiyuan S 23864 6150 30014 2000.9 16215 0 16215 81075 52431 0 52431 10486.2 93562.1 800700 County Longxi S 35631 0 35631 2375.4 12146 0 12146 60703 47549 0 47549 9509.8 73488.2 1176855 County Tongwei S 8585 0 8585 572.3 11035 1804 12839 64195 22257 0 22257 4451.4 69218.7 1832792 County Minxian S 43363 10310 53673 3578.2 55161 0 55161 275805 49734 4000 53734 10746.8 290130 1356982 County

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Anding S 38306 12992 51298 3419.9 15276 0 15276 76380 8521 0 8521 1704.2 81504.1 1717563 District Lintao S 53978 16810 70788 4719.2 24130 0 24130 120650 42687 0 42687 8537.4 133906.6 1813300 County Zhangjiachu S 0 0 0 0 0 2280 2280 11400 0 0 0 0 11400 564000 an county Zhuanglang S 585 0 585 39 8342 0 8342 41710 27952 0 27952 5590.4 47339.4 916545 County Jingning S 557 0 557 37 34422 800 35222 176110 30752 0 30752 6150.4 182297.4 1470480 county 18859 S Huan County 181763 6830 12572.9 22821 0 22821 114105 24547 0 24547 4909.4 131587.3 3076995 3 Huachi S 39001 9300 48301 3220.1 8682 0 8682 43410 10221 0 10221 2044.2 48674.3 1033620 County Zhengning S 5820 0 5820 388 3821 0 3821 19105 10724 0 10724 2144.8 21637.8 429405 County Heshui S 3676 0 3676 245.1 1786 0 1786 8930 0 0 0 0 9175.1 385545 County There for, the total arable land area in the 16 project counties could fully “digest”the manure of cattle and sheep produced in all project counties respectively, there is no more than environmental capacity. If the manure of cattle and sheep would also be “digested” in other land of these counties, it would make manure in average per mu land is far less than the maximum environmental capacity, also there is not the problem of environmental capacity. In addition, and animal breeding is scattered in project households, and it will not form centralized pollution in the certain area.

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6 Alternative scheme analysis

6.1 Purposes and principles of comparison analysis

Purposes of alternative scheme comparison analysis are to compare programs that can be taken to optimize the project from the environmental point of view and minimize environmental impacts. General principles of alternative scheme comparison analysis are: 1) Quantified comparison: quantify impacts of project implementation on the environment, as much as possible. 2) Comprehensive comparison: compare and analyze from environmental, technological, and social-economic aspects. 3) Compliance: programs selected have to be in compliance with relevant development plans, standards and local conditions;

6.2 Zero scheme analysis

This is a pilot demonstration project of World Bank poverty reduction projects through industrial development and it has no other alternative project. So the assessment is only related to the project scenario and no project scenario. The project scenario refers to the implementation of this poverty reduction scheme, while the no project scenario means not implementing this scheme, i.e. zero scheme. The comparison analysis under project and no project scenarios are carried out in terms of environmental profit and loss as well as social-economic aspect (Table 6.2-1).

Table 6.2-1 Comparison analysis under no project

Type Project implementation No project (zero scheme)

(1) After the implementation of the (1) Maintain the status of the project site, for project, terraces, embankment projects, instance, the vegetation will not be disturbed. irrigation works will be established, (2) There will be no change in land use value of improving condition for farm work, the region where the project site is located (not making full use of land and reducing occupying land). waste of water resources due to Main adoption of water saving irrigation (3) There will be no impacts to the advantages facilities. environment, such as, noise, waste gas, waste water, solid waste and so on, brought during (2) After the implementation of the construction period from infrastructure project, new technologies, new facilities. varieties will be extended such as (4) There will be no noise, waste gas, waste

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formula fertilization, raising the yield water, solid waste etc. during the operation of per unit area, increasing outputs, various infrastructure facilities. improving land use efficiency, and (5) Water resource use will not be strained due reducing pollution of environment to professional raising of cattle, sheep and pigs, around due to farming activities; mitigating local shortage of water resources. (3) After the project implementation,

waste from planting and animal raising will be properly treated; cycling agricultural models such as fruit tree-biogas-animal, vegetable-biogas-animal will be extended to pursue interests and avoid risks, promoting the formation of special industries; and a large amount of organic fertilizer will be returned to farmland, which will raise the organic content of farmland, as a result, fertilizing the land and ameliorating the soil texture. (4) After the project implementation, the extensive operation will be altered and local pillar economy will be promoted with modern agricultural idea, resulting in good use and conservation of sunlight, heat, water, and land; optimizing agricultural interior structure and reasonable resource allocation, and optimizing the planting structure of agriculture; (5) After the project implementatiom, orchard area will be increased by 200 ha through apple planting, consequently conserving water source, reducing water and soil loss, regulating local micro-climate, and raising forest coverage rate; (6) After the project implementation, local roads will be hardened, reducing product loss during transports and fuel consumption, and significantly

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reducing solid waste and gas, favourable for local environmental protection as a consequence; (7) After the project implementation, the vegetation disturbed by infrastructure construction will be restored to improve the environment around; (8) After the project implementation, relevant environmental protection measures will be made for items and links that may bring about impact to the environment, to minimize the impact.

(1) After the implementation of the (1) The zero scheme implementation is easily project, the construction of facilities leading to seeking economic benefits such as office place, animal raising one-sidedly, resulting in environmental stable, store, trading market will pollution and ecological disturbance. occupy land, and some land use (2) The level of resources development and use changes are irreversible. of leading industries in all project areas is low (2) During the implementation of the with mono-industrial structure, short industrial project, the vegetation will be chain, which will leads to serious waste of destroyed; floating dust, noise, waste resources, and easily cause environmental water, waste gas, and solid wastes pollution. produced will impact the environment (3) Poor infrastructure will increase product around. Main loss during transports; floating dust is prone to disadvantages (3) After implementation of the bringing during transports and waste gas from project, during the operation period, transporting vehicles will be increased. floating dust, noise, waste water, waste (4) Farmlands will not be connected together, gas, and solid waste will be produced, which will increase the use of farm implements, impacting the environment around. pesticides, and fertilizers, and pollution as well. (4) After the implementation of the project, the number of sheep, cattle, (5) Poor water conservation infrastructure, and pigs will be increased and the weak management, poor awareness of water planting area of Astragalus, conservation, low water use efficiency and codonopsis pilosula, potato, apple etc. large waste of water. will change the original land use, thus, (6) Advanced technology in management can’t affecting the ecological equilibrium to be used in planting and animal breeding, which some extent. will give rise to environmental pollution and

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have a low contribution to economic growth.

(7) Improper composting of plant stalk and leaves and stable manure, and inappropriate treatment of animal urine will go on, resulting in environmental pollution by lost nutrients from animal manure;

(8) Awareness of environmental protection of urban and rural residents would be weak, waste from planting and animal raising will not be treated and applied to farmland instead; and environmental protection facilities will be distributed unevenly particularly not enough in rural areas. (9) There will be no monitoring plan and measures for environmental protection. When an environmental pollution incident occurs, it would be difficult to immediately control it.

Comprehensive Implementation of this project scheme is superior to the zero scheme from the analysis environmental and social point of view.

6.3 Comparison of Different Manure Treatments of Small-scale Husbandry

Small-scale animal raising by individual farms will produce less manure due to limited number of animals, particularly sheep manure is small and difficult to collect (especially raising by individual farms). Therefore there are 4 ways to dispose animal manure from small scale raising by individual farms: composting, biogas, burning for heating and zero-treatment. The 3 ways are compared (Table 6.3-1)

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Table 6.3-1 Comparison of composting, biogas, burning manure for heating, and no treatment

Type Composting Biogas Burning manure for heating Zero treatment

(1) Improving excrement (1) Solving the energy supply in the rural (1) Drying manure can be burnt (1) Simple work. It only treatment. Composting can area. A biogas tank of 10 m3 can supply for heating, which will reduce needs to carry manure to reduce the weight, moisture, and a household of 3-4 people with the not only use of coal but solid farmland or collecting activity of excrement and is easy energy for lighting and cooking if raw waste, smog and waste gas. sites even not carrying to operate. Compost can be well materials for fermentation are enough and leaving it to (2) Burning manure for heating stored without odor and flies, and management is good, which will decomposing naturally. can reduce costs. which can decrease run-off and reduce smog, solid waste and waste gas (2) It doesn’t need N loss. from burning biomass and coal. investment in (2) Improving land use. (2) Promoting agricultural development. infrastructure Composting will transfer N in Incorporation of animal waste into construction, reducing excrement into more stable biogas tanks for fermentation will residents’ economic organic N. Excrement of great produce biogas and a great amount of inputs. Advantages litter and feces has a high C/N organic manure, expanding source of (3) Manure will be ratio. Heat from composting organic manure. scattered on fields, which processes will reduce quantity of (3) Crops fertilized with biogas manure will also improve the soil weed seeds. Compost used for will have a strong capability for quality. farming can raise soil organic anti-drought and avoiding freeze injury, matter, better soil texture, and and a high survival rate, which will (4) Proving edibles or reduce application of other economize on chemical fertilizers and shelter for organisms fertilizers. pesticides, and is good for environmental around will ensure the protection. environment of project (3) Reducing pollution risk and (4) Boosting development of animal site to some extent. odour complaints. The features husbandry. Biogas development will be (5) Part of big manure that compost can be treated and in favor of solving fuel, feed and can be used as fuel to be stored allow for its farther burnt after drying.

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transportation. Well-managed fertilizer and accelerate livestock composting facilities will not development. produce odour and attract flies (5)Improving sanitation condition. and can kill pathogenic bacteria, Providing energy through biogas tanks, restraining plant disease clean and easy, will better rural hygiene, spreading through soil. beneficial to the health of people and Composting can transform N animals. into the form that will not be (6) Protecting the environment. Biogas prone to penetrating into use will solve the farmer household groundwater or washed away by energy problem, resulting in slowing run-off. deforestation, protection of grassland, (4) Simple operation. After accelerating tree planting, reducing water simple treatment, it will be and soil loss, and improving the mixed with crop stalks and agricultural ecological environment. leaves, disposing part of waste (7) Small –sized biogas tanks are mainly from cultivation. built underground, occupying a small (5) Occupying a small area, not area. needing big investments, only (8) Biogas as energy and its waste as requiring seepage control and manure will make multiple-use of animal drainage. feces, reducing pollution as a result. (5) The organic matter in excrement is most easily decomposable, which will reduce pollution of the groundwater.

Disadvantage (1) Seepage control and drainage （1）Construction of biogas tanks raises (1) When there is a big amount （ 1 ） The exposure of s in rainy seasons are needed; residents’ economic inputs, accentuating of excrement with high moisture excrement to the air is

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otherwise it will bring about poverty of residents in the project area. content, it is difficult to dry and prone to producing water pollution after strong rain. can’t directly be used for odour, affecting the (2) Consider the use of liquid manure Composting in winter is quite burning. health of people around. during rainy seasons and the non-manure slow. use time (2) If excrement is kept for a (2) It is apt to bring (2) If exposed to the air, long time without disposal, it harmful bacteria, (3) The production process is prone to compost is easy to produce odor, will impact ambient air. mosquito and flies, bringing toxic gases, such as H2S, as well effecting people’s health. increasing incidence of as some mixed gases and odour. (3) Burning excrement for (3) A certain amount of disease of people and heating is only in winter with infrastructure construction is (4) It needs to put in raw materials and animals around. seasonal restrictions. needed, such as seepage control get out waste regularly. So the (3) It is easy to go into and drainage, increasing complicated operation will increase water body after strong residents’ economic inputs and labour of residents. rainfall, resulting in occupying a certain amount of (5) Due to implementing underground pollution of water. The land. construction, the application is confined. decomposing process is (4)N is prone to loss. Unless slow in cold season. feces is mixed with soil and (4) It is unsightly to the properly stored, N in feces will residential area and its release into the atmosphere surrounding environment soon, and will be left less than and impacts plant growth the amount left in the compost. in the site with massive (5) The delivering of nutrients is piling of manure. slow. The initial application is (5) The organic matter in large, requiring quite an amount excrement is recalcitrant, of time and labours. increasing pollution of groundwater after application. Comprehensi According to existing situation of project area and animal raising sites, and advantages and disadvantages ve analysis 107

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of disposal ways, burning excrement for heating is recommended first , biogas second, composting third and zero treatment last.

6.4 Comparison of Different Manure Treatments of Large Scale Animal Farm

Large scale animal raising involves large numbers of animals with great amounts of feces produced. So feces has to be treated. Large scale raising has 2 ways to dispose feces, i.e. composting and biogas. The comparison of the 2 ways is as follows: Table 6.4-1.

Table 6.4-1 Comparison of composting and biogas

Type Composting Biogas Burning manure for heating

（1）Improving excrement treatment. Composting （1）Solving the rural energy supply. It can supply （1）Drying excrement can be burnt for heating, can reduce the weight, moisture, and activity of energy for lighting and cooking if raw materials for reducing coal consumption, and solid waste, waste excrement and is easy to decompose. Compost can fermentation are enough and management is good, gas, and smog. be well stored without odor and flies, and be used which will reduce smog, solid waste and waste gas (2) Burning coal for heating can also cut down at any time in a year, decreasing run-off and N from burning biomass and coal. costs. loss. (2)Promoting agricultural production development. (2) Improving land use. Composting will transfer Incorporation of animal waste into biogas tanks for Advant N in excrement into more stable organic N. Heat fermentation will produce biogas and a great ages from composting processes will reduce quantity of amount of organic manure, expanding source of weed seeds. Compost is a good soil amendment. It organic manure and disposing a great quantity of will be used for farming, raising soil organic stalks and leaves from cultivation. matter, bettering soil texture, reducing application (3) Crops fertilized with biogas manure will have a of other fertilizers, and lightening potential erosion strong capability for anti-drought and avoiding of soil. freeze injury, and a high survival rate, which will economize on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, (3) Reducing pollution risk and odour complaints. and is good for environmental protection.

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The features that compost can be treated and stored (4) Boosting development of animal husbandry. allow for it being transported farther than where Biogas development will be in favor of solving the excrement and raw materials are produced. fuel, feed and fertilizer, and accelerate livestock Well-managed composting facilities will not development and protect the environment. produce odour and attract flies and can kill (5)Improving sanitation condition. The use of pathogenic bacteria, restraining plant disease biogas as fuel is smokeless, dustless, clean and spreading through soil. Composting can transform easy with feces as raw material for fermentation. N into the form that will not be prone to The bacteria and parasite ova will go into the tank penetrating into groundwater or washed away by and be eradicated during the fermentation, thus run-off. bettering rural sanitation conditions, beneficial to (4) Simple operation. It only needs be mixed with the health of people and animals. simply treated crop stalks and leaves, decomposing (6) Protecting the environment. Biogas will solve a lot of waste from cultivation, and doesn’t need the farmer household energy supply problem, complicated management in the late stage. resulting in slowing deforestation and vegetation (5) The treatment of excrement from animal disturbance by sheep and cattle, which is favorable raising will cut down pollution to the environment. to protection of grassland, accelerating tree (6) The organic matter in excrement is most easily planting, reducing water and soil loss, and decomposable, which will reduce pollution of the improving the agricultural ecological environment. groundwater. (7) Timely incorporation of excrement into the biogas tank reduces its exposure to the air, improving sanitation of the raising site as well as reducing the incidence of disease of animal raised. (8) Biogas as fuel and its residue as manure will realize multiple use of feces, consequently decreasing pollution.

Disadv （1）Composting sites, storage of raw materials, (1)Large scale raising produces large amounts of (1) Excrement contains a great amount of moisture, antages and finished compost storing will occupy quite an excrement, whose treatment through biogas is difficult to dry and can’t be burnt directly.

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amount of land even construction land with certain production requires a large amount of land. For (2) If feces is kept for a long time without infrastructure, such as seepage control, drainage, example, a pig farm of 10,000 pigs needs 10,000 treatment, it will impact ambient air. which will increase economic inputs of enterprises, mu of land to reuse feces, so the use is confined. and take a certain amount of land. (3) Burning feces for heating is only in winter with (2) Consider how to use liquid residue during rainy a seasonal restriction. (2) Seepage control and drainage in rainy seasons seasons and non-manure use seasons. Take into need to be considered; otherwise it will bring about account the percentage of feeding and discharge water pollution after strong rain. Cold weather will in winter and summer. reduce temperatures for composting; make the (3) It needs to feed in raw materials and get out composting process slow, which is not easy to waste regularly. So the complicated operation will handle in a short time, hence needing to increase increase labour of residents. The construction composting sites. needs a great amount of funds and takes into (3)Exposure of compost to the air with poor consideration geological condition. management is prone to producing odor, attracting (4) The production process is prone to bringing mosquito and flies, effecting people’s health toxic gases, such as H2S, as well as some mixed around even the environment. gases and odour. (4) In order to reduce labour costs, feces needs (5) The process of biogas production and period of accumulating to certain amount then put to its storing are possible to leak, then explode and composting, in such a case feces will be exposed to catch fire, which will cause casualty, property loss, the air for a long time, and needs facility for and environmental pollution. storing, which will increase inputs.

(5) N is prone to loss. Unless feces is mixed with soil and properly stored, N in excrement will release into the atmosphere soon, and will be left less than the amount left in the compost.

(6) The delivering of nutrients is slow. The initial application is large, requiring quite an amount of

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time and labours.

Large scale animal raising produces a large amount Large scale animal raising produces a lot of feces, Larger scale animal raising produces a great of feces, and composting occupies more land. If which needs large biogas project facilities and quantity of feces, which contains much moisture, Differe management is poor, it is more prone to producing occupies more land with some confinement. The so drying will take far more land compared with nce water and air pollution, even affects the health of consequence of leakage during its operation is far raising by individual farms. from residents, or impacts the environment. In addition, more serious than that of raising by individual raising it needs to take into consideration the use scope of farms. Furthermore it needs to take into account the by residue application. Composting sites need strict scope of biogas application, and disposal of solid individ management, which increases enterprises inputs, and liquid residue. Biogas sites need more strict ual but can be offset by sales of organic manure. management, which will increase enterprises’ input farms but can be offset by sales of biogas, solid and liquid wastes.

Compr According to existing situation of project area and animal raising sites, and advantages and disadvantages of disposal ways, excrement treatment through ehensiv biogas production is recommended first, then composting, and finally burning feces for heating. e analysi s

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6.5 Comparison of Residue from Farmland and Orchard

Residue from farmland and orchard includes stalks, remnant plants, weeds, litters, fruit shells, vines, tree branches, and others. Residue can be used for biogas and compost, also is coarse fodder and cushion materials for stables of animals, and can be left on field without treatment. Comparison of coarse fodder, cushion materials, and no treatment is given in Table 6.5-1. Advantages and disadvantages of biogas and composting are given in the comparison of different feces treatment ways of small scale animal raising by individual farms (Table 6.3-1). Table 6.5-1 explains comparison of coarse fodder, cushion materials, and no treatment. Treatments of coarse fodder and cushion materials are almost going on side by side, so they are bracketed together, combined with the comparison of biogas and composting in Table 6.3-1 and the comparison of coarse fodder, cushion materials and no treatment in Table 6.5-1 to make comprehensive analysis.

Table 6.5-1 Comparison of coarse fodder/cushion materials and no treatment

Type Composting Biogas Coarse fodder/ cushion materials No treatment

(1) Increase forage source of (1) It doesn’t need operation but cattle, sheep, and pigs, decrease leaving residue to cropland or vegetation disturbance by orchard to decompose naturally, animals, conserving grassland in reducing labour and energy the project area, and maintaining consumption during residue the ecological balance, as a transportation. result, cutting down farmers’ (2)There is no need to invest in input to fodder and raising the infrastructure, reducing residents’ quality of cattle, sheep, and pigs economic inputs. Advant See Table See Table in the local area. (3) Residue from cropland and ages 6.3-1 6.3-1 (2) This treatment is equivalent orchard is left in situ, which will be to the early treatment of biogas organic manure and improve soil. production or composting, reducing labor costs, and in (4) Providing edibles and shelter for favour of biogas production and organisms around ensures the composting. environment of the project area to (3) It will dispose residue from some extent. cropland and orchard, reducing (5) Residue can be used as fuel for the impact of residue to the local residents after natural drying landscape.

Disadv See Table See Table (1) Residue left in stables is (1) Residue from cropland and antages 6.3-1 6.3-1 likely to pollute local water orchard left in situ is prone to

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source with rain if management bringing harmful bacteria, mosquito is poor. and flies, increasing the probability (2) More redundant residue left of incidence of disease of residents in stables will increase the around. incidence of disease of cattle, (2) It will go into water body after a sheep, and pigs. Frequent lot of rain, causing pollution as a cleaning of stables will waste consequence. Its decomposing is water and improper treatment of slow in cold weather while prone to waste water from cleaning will catching fire in drought condition, pollute surface water in the area. leading to ecological and atmospheric impacts.

(3) Its use as fuel after drying, is prone to polluting the atmosphere, impacting the environment. (4) It will impact the sight of residential areas and their surroundings as well as growth of crops and fruit trees next year.

According to existing situation of project area and animal raising sites, and advantages and Compr disadvantages of disposal ways, it is recommended that residue from cropland and orchard should be ehensiv used as coarse fodder and cushion materials for cattle, sheep and pigs, then mixed with feces of the e animals and people for composting. After short fermentation, pathogenic bacteria, parasite ova in feces analysi of animals and people, and plant pests hidden in stalks and weed seeds will be killed, then the residue is s put in biogas tanks for producing biogas, the solid and liquid waste from biogas production is put to cropland or orchard for reuse, realizing multiple-use and bring about more benefits as well.

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7 Public Consultation and Disclosure

Based on the requirement of the Environment Protection Minitry and the World Bank on public consultation, the project and EIA information should be released at each EIA stage. And the project should set up a smooth communication channel to the public. Besides those, it should make adjustment on project arrangements based on public consultation results. The project information has been released through the following procedures: （1）The project information had been released on the provincial media at the initial assessment stage. The information covered project components, contacts of project executive agency and EIA agency, the outline of EIA report and potential impacts both positive and negative for public comments and recommendations. （2）The brief EIA report will be released on the media of project area at the later assessmentstage stage for more comments and recommendations. And the EIA report will be be revised based on public consultation results.

7.1 Disclosure

Based on the Interim Measures of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment, theDisclosure of Environment Information (trial version), the Environmental Assessment (OP/BP4.01) and the Information Disclosure (BP17.50), the EIA information had been released to the public througn various channels including newspapers and bulletins. The information had been disclosed twice. The first round of disclosure had been carried out at the stage of the completion of EIA of each sub-project and the outline the EIA. And the second round of disclosure had been carried out at the completion of the draft EIA report.

7.2 Public Consultation

7.2.1 Public Participants In accordance with project environment characters, the neighborhood residents have been selected as the public participants for EIA. 7.2.2 Public Consultation Plan Based on the Interim Measures of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment, and relevant project information, the public consultation has been carried out as follows: (1) To release EIA information;

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(2) To seek public comments; (3) To collect and analyze public comments; (4) To response to the public comments; (5) To draft the chapter of public consultation. 7.2.3 EIA Information Disclosure The EIA information had been released to the public form comments through various channels such as newspapers, questionnaires and household visits.

7.2.3.1 The First Disclosure After entrusted by the project executive angency, the EIA information had been released to the public firstly on February 22nd 2014. The information includes project name and components, name and contact of project executive agency, name and contact of EIA institute, EIA procedure and activities, key items for public comments and main channels for seeking public comments. The information is firstly disclosed from February 22nd to March 7th 2014 shown as in Photo 7.2-1.

Photo 7.2-1 Public Notification at Project Township (in Kangwang Village of Malu Township)

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7.2.3.2 The Second Disclosure The Environment Impact Report is released to the public on the Poverty Reduction Website of Gansu Poverty Reduction Office and is printed in PMOs. The bulletin board is made for public notification at project townships and villages. And farmers are informed that the report is available in PMOs. The information is secondly released to the public by two periods. One is from April 19th to May 12th 2014 (report printing and bulletin board). The other is from April 30 th to May 14th (on website). The details are shown in Photo 7.2-2, 7.2-3 and 7.2-4.

Photo 7.2-2 The Second Disclosure

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Photo 7.2-3 Bulletion Board at Project Township (Xucheng Village, Wanquan Township, Zhuanglang County)

Photo 7.2-3 Bulletion Board at Project Township (Zhuchuan Village, Biyu Township, Tongwei County)

7.3 Results 7.3.1 Public Notification There is no comment and recommendation during the first and the second disclosures. 7.3.2 Questionary Analysis The residents living in the neighborhood had been selected as the individual participants. And the village committees close to the project had been selected as the institution participants. The project had distributed 879 questionnaires to the individual participants and collected 835 questionnaires with the collection rate of 95%. And the project had distributed 91 questionnaires to the institution participants and collected 91 questionnaires with the collection rate of 100%. The disclosure meets the Interim Measures of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment. The questionanaire is shown in Table 7.3-1. The participants list is shown in Table 7.3-2. The distribution of questionnaire is shown in Table 7.3-3. The background of individual participant is shown in Table 7.3-4. And the public consultation results are shown in Table 7.3-5. Table 7.3-1 The Table of Public Participatory Survey for the WB Loaned Pilot Project of the Industrialized

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Poverty Reduction Program in Poverty Stricken Area of Gansu

The general status of the proposed project：The proposed WB loaned Pilot Project of the Industrialized Poverty Reduction Program in Poverty Stricken Area of Gansu, covers 241 villagers, 56 townships, 16 counties, 6 prefectures attached to the state designated Liupanshan Contiguous Extreme Poverty Stricken Area in Gansu. The proposed project counties respectively include 16 counties of Longxi, Weiyuan, Tongwei, Minxian, Lintao, Anding, Huachi, Zhengning, Heshui, Huanxian, Zhangjiachuan, Zhuanglang, Jingning, Yongjing, Dongxiang, Gulang etc. The total project investment is 72million Yuan of RMB, which consists of 50% of the World Bank loan (60million USD, converted into 360million Yuan in RMB) and 50% of the counterpart fund (360million Yuan in RMB). All project counties would mainly focus on 4 project components which respectively are the component of value chain development for the modernized industry, the component of public infrastructure and service supporting, the component of industrialized poverty reduction mechanism research and extension, the component of project management and M & E. The proposed project activities mainly include: the establishment of 215 farmer’s cooperatives (17 newly established cooperatives and 42 re-established cooperatives) respectively specialized for the cropping of Potato, Apple tree and animal breeding of Cattle, Sheep and Pigs etc in 241 project villages and 16 project counties; to construct 100m2 of civil work for each new established cooperative, and construct 29900m2 of animal shed, 6360m2 of beverage storage, 2590m2 of epidemic disease prevention house, and 216 sets of relevant instruments; to feeding cattle 4884 heads, sheep 95730 heads, 2132 heads of ewes, pigs 4000 heads, grassland plantation 1967ha, the construction of 50ha nursery for new variety apple seedling, old orchard replacement 2567 ha, the construction of standardized orchard management 1600ha, seedling nursery of Dangsheng 120ha, seedling nursery of Huangqi 120ha, the standardized cropping of Dangsheng 100ha, potato seeds nursery 3345ha, the origin of potato seeds nursery 1030ha；72 sites of Chinese herb processing; 4 sites of potato storage, 12 sites of Chinese herb storage warehouse, 5 potato storage pits, 306 apple storage pits, 1 air-conditioned fruit storage, 5 air-conditioned fresh meat storage warehouses; to construct 1 trading market for potato, 6 trading markets for living livestock; to construct 64km of concreted road, 170.91km pebbled road, 130ha terrace; to construct water-saving irrigation pipes 20km, 2030 cisterns of safe drinking water; to construct agro-products processing factory and trading market, construction of 65km power line for the farmer’s cooperatives; to industrialized the development of agriculture industries with perspective market, so as to generate its new economic growth engineer and the incubation centers of the polar industries in the proposed 16 project counties in 5 years; to conduct industrialized poverty reduction mechanism research and extension project component which includes to explore the industrialized poverty reduction scheme mobilized by the development of farmer’s cooperative in poor villages attached the state designated Liupanshan Contiguous Extreme Poverty Stricken area so as to create a reliable canal for poor households to increase stable income；and to explore the mechanism and path of the improvement

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of farmer’s cooperative service and its mobilization of the financial service to the household； to explore the dynamic mechanism of the sustainable development for the farmer’s cooperatives and the mechanism of profit allocation; to explore the feasible scheme of the establishment of the trading market and extension of industry value chain as well as the evasion of market risks so as to achieve the upgrading of industry development；to identify the relevant duties and positioning respective for the incubation centers, farmer’s cooperatives, financial institute and famers etc.; to conduct training, capacity building, office equipment, project monitoring and evaluation etc. The implementation of the proposed project would greatly improve the living and production conditions for poor households in rural area, and promote the development of agriculture industry and the adjustment of the cropping pattern. It would generate a significant economic and poverty reduction effort after the implementation of the proposed project, and would strongly promote the development of the second and tertiary industries, newly increase a great amount of employment opportunities and would mobilize its regional development and 6.9million poor population getting rid of poverty. Basic information of the individual Basic information of the interviewee interviewee unit Name: Age: Name of unit: Gender: Occupation: Tel: Education Tel: Nature of Administrative the unit: department: Home County township Address: address: village 1、Do you know if your county (township, village) will implement the pilot project of industrialized poverty reduction demonstration project in Gansu？ □ Yes □ No □ don’t remember □ other 2、If you know it, where do you get the information about the project？ □ government dissemination □ TV, newspaper □ internet □ other 3、What is your favorite way to get the information about the project？ □ government dissemination □ TV, newspaper □ internet □ other 4、Do you concern this project？ □ very much concern □general concern □ don’t concern 5、Based on your understanding, how do you think the environment impact might be generated by the implementation of the project？ □ serious □ large □ general □ small □ don’t know 6、What do you think of the biggest environment impact which might be caused by the project？ □ water environment □air environment □ecological environment □ noise □solid waste 7、What do you think of the social and economic impact which might be generated by the project？ □ very positive □ general □ less impact □ negative impact 8、What do you think of the impact which might cause to individual and household？ □ very positive □ general □ less impact □ negative impact 9、If your house needs to be demolished during project construction, would you support it or not？ □ firmly support it □ support it with condition □ don’t care □ against it 10、What is your attitude to the implementation of this proposed project？ □firmly support it □ support it with condition □ don’t care □ against it 11、What method do you wish participate to the environment protection action of the project？ □ questionnaire □ interview □ consultation meeting □ other 12、What is your suggestion to the environment protection of this proposed project？

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Table7.3-2 The Detailed Statement of the Public Participation Respondent (Units) No Unit name Telephone Nature Unit address Zhengjia village committee, 1 Dashu township / / / 2 Dashu village committee 13519007660 other Dashu village Nanyangwa village committee, Dashu township, Dongxiang 3 county / / Nanyangwa third community Qilu village committee, Dashu 4 township, Dongxiang county / / / Dashu township people’s government, Dongxiang 5 nationality autonomous county / / / Xiangquan township food and 6 drug control station / / / 7 Xiangquan post office / / Xiangquan Nanchuan 7th community, 8 Xinglong breeding factory 15193224949 / Lujiagou township 9 Xiangquan office of justice / / Xiangquan Nanchuan 2th community, 10 Eggs breeding factory 18693204955 / Lujiagou township Taisheng waste agricultural film flood land in Nanchuan 6th 11 processing plant 13830297648 / committee, Lujiagou township Dingxi jiandong livestock Nanchuan village 2nd 12 breeding limited company 18093200577 / community Lujiagou township 13 Lujiagou people’s government 0932-8856223 / Yueyuan waste agriculture film Nanchuan 1st committee, 14 processing plan 18993227766 / Lujiagou township Lujiagou township, Huan 15 Lujiawan township government 0934-4696100 Administration county Maojing township people’s 16 government, Huan county / / Yanwu township people’s Yeguojv village, Yanwu 17 government 0934-4619406 / township Mubo township people’s 18 government / / Quzi township people’s Beijie 63, Quzi township, 19 government 0934-4451214 Administration Huanxian county Xinmin village, Haizitan Village Xinmin village, Haizitan 20 township 13519355474 community township, Gulang county Xiabing village, Haizitan Village Second community, Xiabing 21 township / community village Haizitan township people’s Tanjiajing street, Haizitan 22 government 0935-5524318 Administration township 23 Longquan village community 15101376532 / 24 Shangtan village community 15095637244 / Shangtan village community 25 Zhitan village community / / / Dongxin village, Haizitan Village 26 township 18809357667 community Dongxin village

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Zhitan township people’s 27 government 5511003 / / Fukong east road 8#, Heshui 28 Heshui county coal bureau 0934-5522980 / county Heshui county agricultural and Xihua north street 180#, 29 Animal Husbandry Bureau l 0934-5521762 / Heshui county Heshui county agricultural and Animal Husbandry Bureau Xihua north street 180#, 30 Energy Office 0934-5521762 / Heshui county Hesui county hejiapan 31 Hejiapan township government 0934-5551003 Administration township government Banqiao township people’s Heshui county banqiao 32 government 0934-5556003 / township Huachi county bureau of animal 33 husbandry and Vet 0934-5121764 Enterprise Huachi county huawu road 1# Huachi county environment 34 protection bureau 0934-5124828 / Huachi county jiancai road Huachi county wujiao township Huachi county wujia township, 35 people’s government 0934-5250093 Administration wujiao middle street Huachi county yueyue township Huachi county yueyue 36 people’s government 13884114325 / township Huachi county baima township 37 people’s government / / / 38 Jiashipu township government 2780216 / Jieshipu jianjiang village 208# Jingning county xixiang township Jingning county xixiang 39 people’s government 0933-2750216 Office township, xixiang village 40 Xixiang credit cooperative 15293325889 Xixiang township xixiang road Jingning county hongsi township Jingning county hongsi 41 people’s government 9332-730005 Office township, hongsi village Jingninggucheng township 42 people’s government 0933-2430005 Enterprise Gucheng zouhe street 6# Lingtao county lianerwan Lingtao county lianerwan 43 township people’s government 0932-2561000 / township, lianerwan village Lingtao county bureau of veterinarian and animal Agricultural mansion third 44 husbandry 2244108 / floor Lingtao county zhantan township Lingtao county zhantan tan 45 people’s government 0932-2530000 / township, shangtan community Lingtao county lingtao Lingtao county poverty relief and township agricultural mansion 46 development office 9322243494 / sixth floor Lingtao county manwa township Lingtao county manwa 47 people’s government 2551002 / townships manwa village Longxi county party committee 48 agricultural working division 0932-6600322 xianmen street 1# Longxi county kezhai township Longxi county kezhai 49 people’s government 0932-6670003 Office township, kezhai street 1# Longxi county gongchang 50 Longxi county statistical bureau 0932-6622330 Administration township xianmen 1# Longxi county women’s Longxi county gongchang 51 federation 0932-6622267 Administration township xianmen 1# Longxi county development and Longxi county gongchang 52 reform bureau 0932-6622177 / township xianmen 1# Shendu township people’s Shendu townshipe shendu 53 government 18793210054 Administration village

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Puma township animal husbandry 54 and veterinary station / / / 55 Puma township financial station / / Puma township puma village Shendu township economy Shendu township shendu 56 management station / Administration village Shendu township animal Shendu township shendu 57 husbandry and veterinary station 13919697859 Administration village Puma township civil 58 administration / / / Gansu province tongwei Tonwei county people’s county pingxiang town west 59 government office 0932-5552586 Administration street 64# Gansu province pingxiang 60 Development and reform bureau 5552723 Administration township south street 64# Gansu province pingxiang 61 Tongwei county statistical bureau 0932-5525576 Administration township south street 64# Tongwei county rural energy Gansu province pingxiang 62 office 0932-5552575 township south street 64# Gansu province tongwei 63 Auditing bureau 0932-5551810 Administration county south 22# Weiyuan county agriculture and 64 economic station 0932-4134125 / Qingping station 118# Weiyuan county territorial Qingyuan township shouyang 65 resource bureau 0932-4132507 / road 97# Weiyuan county animal 66 husbandry and veterinary center 0932-4132902 / Shouyang road 124# Weiyuan county housing and Weiyuan county shouyang 67 urban-rural construction bureau 0932-4132187 / road 111# Weiyuan county potatoes 68 industrial office 0932-4134310 / Weiyuan town shangbei 209# Weiyuan county environment Weiyuan county qingyuan 69 protection bureau 0932-4135070 / township xingjie 36# Weiyuan county qingyuan 70 Weiyuan county civil bureau 4132279 / town xingjie 37# Hongquan township hongquan 71 Hongquan credit cooperative / / village Hongquan township hongquan 72 Hongquan health center 15209304521 / village Hongquan township hongquan 73 Hongquan local police station 13830105183 / village Yangta township center primary 74 school / / Yangta township veterinary 75 station / / Yangya township 76 Yangya township health center / / Zhangjiachuan county bureau of Zhangjiachuan county jiefang 77 animal husbandry and veterinary 0938-7816826 / east street 22# Zhangjiachuan county agriculture Zhangjiachuan county jiefang 78 bureau 7816166 / east street 22# Zhangjiachua county Zhangjiachuan county administration square waquan 79 environment protection bureau 7817522 / road Zhangjiachuan county malu Malu township people’s 80 township people’s government 7991013 / jinchuan village 27#

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Zhangjiachuan county Yanjia 81 township people’s government 7931002 / Yanjia township yanjia village Zhengning county chengnan 82 Zhengning county forestry bureau 6121146 Administration street 08# Zhengning county environment 83 protection bureau 0934-6122379 Administration County business east side Zhengning county financial Zhengning county chengxi 84 bureau 6121242 Administration street 8# Zhengning county development Zhengning county west street 85 and reforming bureau 0934-6121015 Administration 12# Zhengning county poverty relief 86 and development office 0934-6123905 Administration County west street 12# Zhuanglang county yangchuan 87 middle school 0932-4134125 / Qingping station 118# Zhuanglangcounty yangchuan Yangchuan township liuwan 88 agriculture science station / / street Zhuanglang county yangchuan Yangchuan township liuwan 89 primary schoo / / street Yangchuan township liuwan 90 Yangchuan credit cooperative / / street Yangchuan townwhip central Yangchuan township liuwan 91 health center / / street

Table 7.3-3 The Allocation Table for the Public Participation Survey No Name of survey spot number occupy proportion 1 Anding county lujiawan township 34 0.0407 2 Anding county xiangquan township 20 0.0240 3 Dongxiang county dashu township 40 0.0479 4 Dongxiang county xiashu township 13 0.0156 5 Gulang county haitanzi township 24 0.0287 6 Heshui county banqiao township 24 0.0287 7 Heshui county hejiapan township 25 0.0299 8 Huachi county baima township 20 0.0240 9 Huachi county wujiao township 36 0.0431 10 Huachi county yueyue township 6 0.0072 11 Huan county lujiawan township 10 0.0120 12 Huan county luwan township 10 0.0120 13 Huan county maojing township 28 0.0335 14 Jingning county gucheng township 10 0.0120 15 Jingning county honsi township 10 0.0120 16 Jingning county shipu township 9 0.0108 17 Jingning county siqiao township 10 0.0120 18 Jingning county xixiang township 10 0.0120 19 Lingtao county lianerwan township 12 0.0144 20 Lingtao county longmen township 14 0.0168 21 Lingtao county manwa township 12 0.0144 22 Lingtao county zhantan township 11 0.0132 23 Longxi county kezhan township 49 0.0587 24 Ming county lujing township 17 0.0204

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

25 Ming county puma township 14 0.0168 26 Ming county shendu township 17 0.0204 27 Tongwei county pingxiang township 16 0.0192 28 Tongwei county pingrang township 38 0.0455 29 Tongwei county huichuan township 19 0.0228 30 Weiyuan county wuzhu township 31 0.0371 31 Yongjing county hongquan township 25 0.0299 32 Yongjing county yangta township 24 0.0287 33 Zhangjiachuan malu townhip 32 0.0383 34 Zhangjiachuan yanjia township 6 0.0072 35 Zhengning county yongzheng township 50 0.0599 Zhuanglang county yangchuan 36 township wangyuan village 62 0.0743 37 Others 35 0.0419 38 Not quite clear 12 0.0144

Table 7.3-4 Basic Statistic Table for the Public Participation of Individual occupied proportion in Number of people Public participation respondent participation number (people) of people Male 768 0.9198 Gender Female 49 0.0587

Not quite clear 18 0.0216 Village secretary、leaders 51 0.0611 Career farmers 656 0.7856 Others 10 0.0120 Not quite clear 118 0.1413 Illiteracy 18 0.0216 Primary school 191 0.2287

Standard of Junior school 405 0.4850 Senior school、technical culture 142 0.1701 secondary school Junior college 25 0.0299 Undergraduate and above 2 0.0024 Not quiet clear 52 0.0623 21～30 61 0.0731 31～40 220 0.2635 Age 41～50 330 0.3952 51～60 149 0.1784 Over 60 34 0.0407 Not clear 41 0.0491

Table7.3-5 The Statistic Table of the Survey Result for the Public Consultation and Participation Numb Unit Occupi Occupied Survey contents Options er of numbe ed proportion people rs proport

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

ion Know 763 0.9138 89 0.98 1、Do you know if the demonstration project for Do not know 31 0.0371 1 0.01 industrial poverty alleviation Have no idea 37 0.0443 1 0.01 program will be implemented in Gansu ? Others 4 0.0048 0 0.00 Government 611 0.7317 72 0.79 publish 2、If you know, where do you Television and learn about the information of broadcasting、 158 0.1892 10 0.11 the project from? newspapers Internet 24 0.0287 4 0.04 Others 69 0.0826 5 0.05 Government 460 0.5509 51 0.56 publish Television and 3、What is your best way to broad casting、 308 0.3689 26 0.29 know the information? newspaper Internet 71 0.0850 13 0.14 Other 76 0.0910 3 0.03 Very concern 666 0.7976 84 0.92 4、Do you concern about this Normal 152 0.1820 7 0.08 project? Do not care 17 0.0204 0 0.00 Serious 16 0.0192 0 0.00 5、According to you have Larger 45 0.0539 2 0.02 learned, to what extent you Normal 182 0.2180 16 0.18 think this project shall impact environment？ Less 540 0.6467 72 0.79 Have no idea 53 0.0635 1 0.01 Water 115 0.1377 13 0.14 environment 6、What do you think which is Air environment 50 0.0599 9 0.10 Ecological the largest impact on 457 0.5473 41 0.45 environment in this project? Environment Noise 71 0.0850 3 0.03 Solid waste 156 0.1868 25 0.27 Positive impact 702 0.8407 84 0.92 7、What do you think this Normal 86 0.1030 5 0.05 project shall affect to local Less impact 43 0.0515 2 0.02 economic development？ less Harmful 4 0.0048 0 0.00 effect Positive impact 665 0.7964 76 0.84 8、What do you think this Normal 93 0.1114 7 0.08 project shall affect to less Harmful 74 0.0886 8 0.09 individuals and family living? effect Harmful effect 4 0.0048 0 0.00 Firmly support 477 0.5713 50 0.55 9、If this project need your Conditional 316 0.3784 40 0.44 demolition in construction agree process, do you agree? Have no idea 33 0.0395 1 0.01

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Against 9 0.0108 0 0.00 Firmly support 603 0.7222 74 0.81 Conditional 200 0.2395 17 0.19 10、What is your attitude to this agree project? Have no idea 30 0.0359 0 0.00 Against 2 0.0024 0 0.00 11、Which approach you would Questionnaire 249 0.2982 33 0.36 wish to take part in the Interview 177 0.2120 16 0.18 ecological environment consultation 334 0.4000 28 0.31 protection for this proposed meeting demonstration project? Others 81 0.0970 15 0.16

The public consultation results are shown as follows: （1）91.4% of individual participants knew the project, 3.7% of individual participants did not know this project, and 4.4% of individual participants did not remember this project; 98% of institution participants knew this project, 1% of institution participants did not know this project, 1% of institution participants did not remember this project. As the results, the majority of local people and institutions are well of this project. （2）73.2% of individual participants got the information from government source, 19% of individual participants got the information from TV or broadcast programs, 3% of individual participants got the information from the internet; and 79% of institution participants got the information from government source, 11% of institution participants got the information from TV or broadcast programs, 4% of institution participants got the information from the internet. As the results, the project information had been released from various sources. （3）55% of individual participants preferred to be informed by government source, 37% of individual participants preferred to be informed by TV or broadcast programs, 8.5% of individual participants preferred to be informed through the internet. And 56% of institution participants preferred to be informed by government source, 29% of institution participants preferred to be informed by TV or broadcast programs, 14% of institution participants preferred to be informed througn the internet. As the results, the majority of individuals and institutions preferred to get the project information from government source. （4）79.7% of individual participants showed great concerns about the project, 18.2% of individual participants showed average concerns about the project, and 2% of individual participants showed no concern about the project; And 92% of institution participants showed great concerns about the project and 8% of individual participants showed average concerns about the project. As the results, both individual and institution participant are cared about this project.

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（5）1.92% of individual participants believed that project implementation may have serious environment impacts, 5.4% of individual participants believed that project implementation may have great environment impacts, 21.8% of individual participants believed that project implementation may have average environment impacts; and 64.8% of individual participants believed that project implementation may have little environment impacts. And 2% of institution participants believed that project implementation may have great environment impacts, 18% of institution participants believed that project implementation may have average environment impacts; and 80% of individual participants believed that project implementation may have little environment impacts. As the results, most people and institutions believed that project implementation may have little environment impacts. （6）13.77% of individual participants believed that the project may have great impacts upon water environment, 6% of individual participants believed that the project may have great impacts upon the atmospheric environment, 54.7% of individual participants believed that the project may have great impacts upon the ecological environment, and 8.5% of individual participants believed that the project may have great noise impacts. And 14% of institution participants believed that the project may have great impacts upon water environment, 10% of institution participants believed that the project may have great impacts upon the atmospheric environment, 45% of institution participants believed that the project may have great impacts upon the ecological environment, and 3% of institution participants believed that the project may have great noise impacts. As the results, the majority of people and institutions believed that the project may have great impacts upon the ecological environment. （7）84% of individual participants believed that the project may have great benefit for economic development, 10.3% of individual participants believed that the project may have average benefit for local economy, 5.15% of individual participants believed that the project may have little benefit for local economy, and 0.5% of individual participants believed that the project may have adverse effect on local economy. And 92% of institution participants believed that the project may have great benefit for economic development, 5% of institution participants believed that the project may have average benefit for local economy, 2% of institution participants believed that the project may have little benefit for local economy, and 1% of institution participants believed that the project may have adverse effect on local economy. As the results, the majority of people and institutions believed that the project may have great benefit for local economy. （8）79.6% of individual participants believed that the project may have favorable impacts on individuals and families, 11.1% of individual participants believed that the project may have

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average impacts, 8.9% of individual participants believed that the project may have little impacts, and 0.5% of individual participants believed that the project may have negative impacts. And 84% of institution participants believed that the project may have favorable impacts on individuals and families, 8% of institution participants believed that the project may have average impacts, and 8% of institution participants believed that the project may have little impacts. As the results, the majority of people and institutions believed that the project would have favorable impacts on individuals and families. （9）57% of individual participants were supportive to land requisition, 37.8% of individual participants were supportive to conditional land requisition, 4% of individual participants were indifferent to land requisition, and 1% of individual participants were against land requisition. And 55% of institution participants were supportive to land requisition, 44% of institution participants were supportive to conditional land requisition, and 1% of institution participants were indifferent to land requisition. As the results, the majority of people and institutions were supportive to land requisition. （10）72.2% of individual participants were supportive to the project, 24% of individual participants were conditionally supportive, 4% of individual participants were indifferent to the project, and 0.2% of individual participants were against the project. And 81% of institution participants were supportive to the project, and 19% of institution participants were conditionally supportive. As the results, the majority of people and institutions were supportive to the project. （11）30% of individual participants wanted to participate in environment protection through answering the questionnaires, 21% of individual participants wanted to participate in the environment protection through household visits, 40% of individual participants wanted to participate in the environment protection through consultation meetings, and 9% of individual participants wanted to participate in the environemtn protection through other channels. And 36% of institution participants wanted to participate in environment protection through answering the questionnaires, 18% of institution participants wanted to participate in the environment protection through institution visits, 31% of institution participants wanted to participate in the environment protection through consultation meetings, and 16% of institution participants wanted to participate in the environemtn protection through other channels. 7.3.3 Responses on Public Consultation Comments In order to reduce public concerns on environment impacts, the project executive agency responses as follows: （1）Environment protection will be the top priority in project planning and design. It is to

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) mitigate and avoid the negative impacts upon the environment, to build the project as the environment-friendly image, and to develop the project in a sustainable way. （2）It is to strengthen the publicity of environment prevention and control measures, to communicate actively with neighboring residents, and to reduce their concerns and win their supports. （3）It is to strengthen environment management and monitoring, improve the capacity of emergency managment, and guarantee the smooth implementation. And it is to include the recommendations of local residents into project planning and design to minimize the negative impacts. Besides those, it is to incorporate public consultation throughout project constructions and increase the environment protection awareness of local enterprises and residents through regular visits and publicity activities. Public consultation shows that the public is very active in participation. It means that the environment protection awareness of the public is improving with social progress. The majority of participants is supportive to the project and expresses great concerns on local environment and the impacts. And the participants hope to protect environment during project implementation and mitigating the negative impacts at lowest level. The public consultation shows that there is no objection to the project. Because the project is located in the neighborhood of commercial areas and close to residential buildings, parks and commercial centers, the consultation results are reasonable. The construction agencies must adopt various environment protection measures, to improve the treatment of wastes and to forbide secret discharges. And the construction agencies need to strengthen the publicity of environment protection measures adopted during constructions, seek public comments and to get public supports. 7.3.4 Volunteer Inspection Regulation In accordance with the Notice on the Interim of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment, each county should select one volunteer inspector to supervise the pollution control during project construction and operation periods. And 16 people were selected as the volunteer inspectors during public consultation. Table 7.3-6 List of Volunteer Inspector Name Gender Age Occupation Contact Address Ma Weiliang Male 49 Farmer 18219805718 Dashu village, Dashu Township of Dongxiang County Ding Xiaopeng Male 41 Farmer Ziyun village, Lu Jiawan 15101819414 Town of An’ding District Shi Zhiqi Male 38 Village 15393429686 Miao Erzhang village,Lu

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officer Jiawan Township of Huanxian County Zhang Yisheng Male 52 Farmer Dongxing village, Hai Zitan Town of Gulang 13893544033 County Yang Male 29 Farmer Tianyao village, Banqiao Zhongyong Township of Heshui 13993441370 County Du Hongguang Male 45 Farmer Ji Zhaizi village, Baima Township of Huachi 15101863483 County Ma Bupeng Male 56 Farmer Shangma village, Siqiao Township of Jinning 15209331644 County Zhang Guiping Male 36 Village Po Jitai village, Manwa secretary 13993200506 Township of Lintao County Li Tianci Male 34 Farmer Kezhai village, Kezhai Township of Longxi 18293083005 County Chen Xingping Male 36 Farmer Yongjing village, Shendu Township of Minxian 13809321072 County Yao Honggang Male 43 Farmer Shuangbao village, Pingxiang Town of 15593260711 Tongwei County Yue Jiwen Male 44 Farmer Shi Tougou village, Wuzhu Township of Weiyuan 18719689163 County Song Wenju Female 43 Farmer Song Shuwan village, Yangta Township of 15293906347 Yongjing County Li Youxue Male 53 Farmer No.6 group, Dayang village, Yanjia Township of 15293872014 Zhang Jiachuan County Li Licheng Male 43 Farmer Dong Longtou village, Yongzheng Township of 13830420441 Zhengning County Chen Faxi Male 35 Farmer Xiwan village, Yangchuan Township of Zhuanglang 13993334231 County 7.3.5 Public Consultation Conclusion The public is actively participated in the consultation. It shows that the awareness on environment protection is improved. The majority of participants is supportive to the project. And they also express their concerns about local environment and the potential impacts. As the results, local environment protection institutions and the construction agencies are required to carefully adopt the environment protection measures, to incorporate public comments and recommendations,

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8. Environment Management and Monitoring Plan（EMP）

During the period of project implementation and operation for the proposed project, it might cause certain of impacts to its surrounding area and local environment. It must take a set of pragmatic measurements to prevent, eradicate, mitigate or compensate the negative impacts. Thus, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the project, and achieve the synchronous efforts environmentally, socially and economically for the proposed project, it should enhance environment management and environment monitoring, so as to promote the construction of this proposed project could conform to the principle of the national economic construction and environment construction for the country in the form of synchronously planning, development and implementation. This EMP report includes 4 sections, including the duty of environment management and institute arrange, environment impact mitigation measurements and action plan, environment monitoring plan, and the training plan n environment protection.

8.1 Institute and Duty for the Environment Management

Because there is significant difference on the environment management content respectively in project preparation period and operation period, with the management period of temporary and long term. Therefore, regarding the different requirements of environment management in different phases, the contractor and operator have respectively set institutes which will be responsible for the environment management in different phases. After the completion of project, the responsible institute will withdrawn, and the new institute will come into operation. Based on the actual status, it allows have overlapping for a certain period. Chart 8.1-1 shows the structure of institute.

Provincial Project Leading group

Provincial PMO

Contracted consultant Prefecture Project Leading group Prefecture PMO

County Project Leading group

County PMO

County incubation center Township PMO

Village committee Farmers’ cooperative

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Chart 8.1-1 Institute Structure for Project Management

Table 8.1-1 The Overall Table of the Institutional Mechanism for Environment Management Phase Responsible parties Duty of Environment Management Civil works 1．Be responsible for the project design, supervision, implementation and Project owners or procurement of equipment and material. PMO 2．Be responsible for the bidding and approval procedures of EA. Designing institute, Designing institute is responsible for the project survey; EA institute is EA institute responsible for the preparation of EA report. Be responsible for checking the availability of pollution controlling equipment, Environment and check if the design could meet the standard, and be responsible for the reparation phase reparation Protection Bureau environment monitoring, statistic and information dissemination. County Construction Bureau, Water To supervise the rational of the engineering design, the procedures of project Project p Project Bureau, bidding, review, supervision, quality and safety control etc. Transportation Bureau

1．To supervise the implementation of EMP in project implementation period； Project owners or ． PMO 2 To conduct training and propaganda on the mitigation measures of EMP in project implementation period. County Construction Bureau, Water To supervise the implementation of all management measures, safety etc Bureau, during project implementation. Transportation Bureau Contractor, Concretely implement the measures required in EMP in project implementation implementation period. company To supervise the implementation of project, by coordinating with village Project Implementation phase Implementation Project household/village committee to protect the legal rights and benefits of local villagers. 1． Concretely implement the measures in EMP in project implementation period； ． Project owner and 2 To conduct environment protection, project progressing, quality and safety operation unit control etc in project operation period. 3． Be responsible for the environment monitoring. 4． Be responsible for the reporting periodically to high level PMO and the WB Household, 1．Concretely implement the measures in EMP in project operation period； cooperative, village 2．Project supervision：Protecting environment, reducing consumption of collectives material. Water Bureau:：Be responsible for organizing, coordinating, supervising, Environment Project Operation period Operation Project Protection Bureau monitoring and instructing the implementation of project. Environment Protection Bureau: be responsible for the supervision. County Road Bureau, Water Bureau, Instruction and supervision Transportation Bureau

Agriculture project Forbidden to use the pesticides, chemical fertilizer etc under the standard of

activities safety, and to properly settle the disposal.

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Be responsible for the approval of proposed project, conducting training and PMO mobilizing local farmers etc Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau: to introduce the rational

County Agriculture adjustment of cropping pattern, and reasonable reallocation of agriculture

and Animal resources. Husbandry Bureau, Botanic protection station: Be responsible for preparing fertilizer composition and attached Botanic based on soil test, the monitoring of pests and epidemic diseases and insect Protection Stations pests, so as to provide the dynamic information of local insect and, timely release the situation of diseases and pests. Vet Service Station To conduct technical propaganda and training. Apply to join the cooperative, recommended by the management staff from the Household cooperatives, to participate in the construction of project. To apply project, review the establishment of the Cooperative and working Project Preparation Period Preparation Project Farmer’s cooperative group，and design the sewage discharging facilities for the Cooperative. Village collectives Farmers for mobilization. To conduct scientific analysis of the environment impact by the EA institute implementation of project. 1． Periodically check the implementation of EMP and PMP; 2． Conduct relevant training on EMP and PMP. PMO 3． Be responsible for organizing environment monitoring; 4. Be responsible for periodically reporting the progress to high level PMO and the WB. Botanic Protection Station: To instruct local farmer the prevention technology on controlling pests, diseases, and provide instruction on the application of County Agriculture chemical fertilizer with low residuum and manure to conduct harmless and Animal cropping. Husbandry Bureau, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau: To organize agriculture and attached Botanic production, introduction the experiment, demonstration and extension of Protection Stations seedlings, fertilizer, vet drugs etc, as well as the quality control and supervision for the agriculture production material. To conduct all kinds of service for the industry production of animal husbandry in all process of before, during and after production, and to instruct Vet Service Station local technicians to perform demonstration to local villagers and households who are engaged in intensive production. Refuse to use the illegal pesticides, chemicals etc in cropping activities, and Household to properly dispose the living garbage, and actively participate in the implementation of project. To participate the implementation, management of project, and periodically Project Implementation period Implementation Project Farmer’s cooperative supervise the key production process which might cause environment impact. Based on the requirement of environment protection, the project will be Village implemented in according to the relevant requirement for enterprise on the collectives/processing standard of discharging sewage, and conduct comprehensive treatment by company introduce new technology, new species, the technical training and cooperation, consultation service etc. To conduct monitoring and supervision of environment, and organize and County Environment instruct project counties or townships to disseminate knowledge on Protection Bureau environment protection, environment science and relevant law etc. To extend the technical instruction on the standardized orchard construction, County Forest Bureau harmless agriculture production techniques etc.

8.2 Mitigation Measures In order to minimize or mitigate the potential environment impact which might be caused by the

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) project construction and operation, so as to ensure the achievement of the proposed ecological and environment effort objectives for the project, it has suggested the following environment impact mitigation measurements and environment protection code. During the preparation of this environment protection code for the proposed project, it has borrowed the experiences learned from the similar project which has been completed in China, and fully followed the requirements from the relevant national or provincial laws, regulations, specifications or code etc, in addition to refer the guilds of the General Safeguard of Environment, Health issued by the World Bank, and the Safeguard of Environment and Health for the Mammals Livestock Feeding, Safeguard of Environment and Health for the Therphyte Agro-products, and the Safeguard of Health and Environment for the Processing of Food and Beverage. Based on the project categories of infrastructure, cropping, livestock breeding, Chinese medicine herb processing etc, it has respectively suggested a set of mitigation measures in this EIA report. The concrete mitigation measures are listed in the Table 8.3-1~ Table8.3-4.

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

8.2.1 The mitigation measures of environment impact for the construction of infrastructure project

The infrastructure project activities include the construction of road, water irrigation facility, trading market and animal shed, which have great similarity of EI during project construction, with the similar mitigation measures. Thus, it gives a unified explanation of their common EI and the general mitigation measures in follow table. The EI and mitigation measures for the infrastructure project during project construction are as same as that in Sichuan. For the convenience of project implementation in Gansu, it has been reserved. The concrete measures are shown as Table8.2-1 Table 8.2-1 The Mitigation Measures of EI during the Implementation of Infrastructure Project Cost estima Main negative Mitigation measures tion Executors Supervisors impact

Phases 0000’ yuan 1、Arranging construction period reasonable, trying to avoid making earth excavation and backfilling in large scale in heavy raining seasons as far as possible. To construction the project County Planning activities in a rational order, which is to timely reuse the excavated earth and stones in order to & Construction reduce the time of the temporary exposure of earth and stones. Bureau 、 2 During project construction, it should press the refilled earth before raining, and reduce the County Water accumulation of loosen earth by transforming the earth, pressing the earth and covering the earth Resource as soon as possible. Bureau, Water and soil 3. In accordance with the geological condition of project construction site, it needs to dig Township loss, ecological earth-based rain discharge ditch surround the site, and set the earth-based sands sediment pond at Construc- Environment & 8 destroy the outlet of ditch, to reduce the flowing speed of the gathered water and for sediment in the sand tion unit Sanitation sediment pond. Comprehensive 4. To rational plan the yard for heaping up and disposal of the wasted solids. The construction unit Administrative would refill the excavated earth so as to avoid the serious water and soil erosion. The earth which Department needs to be transported outside should be disposed at a designated site in order to avoid the second County contamination. Environmental 5. By the integration of the key treatment of water and soil erosion and the general water Protection

conservation, to combine the engineering measures and biological measures. It should prioritize Bureau

the implementation of engineering measures so as to exert the efficiency and protection role of the

Project construction Period Period construction Project 段 施 engineering measures. By taking the biological measures as the assist measures for the protection

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

of water and soil erosion, it would exert its role of sustaining water and soil erosion in a long term. Meanwhile, it would green and beautify the surrounding environment of the project area.

1、It will set fence in the distance over 2.0m away from the border of the environmental protected object during project construction. The distance of fencing also could be increased based on the distance between the construction site and the environmentally protected object. 2、If the construction material is powdery and easily floating, like sands, earth or the wastes, it should be sealed for transformation. If these material would be stored in the construction site, they should by covered by dust proofing clothe or nets, in addition to periodically spray dust inhibitors to prevent the occurrence of wind erosion. 3、The temporary road constructed for entering or exiting project construction site should be County Planning concreted based on actual demand, or periodically spray dust inhibitors to sustain a lower dust on & Construction Bureau the surface of the road. The pollution County Water 4、Regarding the bare land at the construction site, it should take one of the following Resource of dust and measures to prevent the dust: covered by dust proofing cloth or nets；paved by Steel plate, Bureau, exhausted fuel Concrete, Asphalt concrete, fine stones or other similar material；greening；pressing the ground Township emission in the 4 Construc- Environment & air of the surface and spraying water；periodical spray dust inhibitors. tion unit Sanitation project 5、It should set the vehicle washing platform at the inner of the entrance and exit for the Comprehensive construction heavy loading and transportation vehicles transforming construction material and excavated earth. Administrative Department site The setting of such facilities should meet the following requirements：it should set the overflow County proofing seat around the vehicle washing platform to avoid the washed waste water overflowing Environmental out of the construction site；it should set the washed water collection pond and the sediment pond. Protection Before the vehicle drives away from the construction site, the wheels and body of vehicle should Bureau be washed at the washing platform to clean the attached sludge. Vehicles loading construction material and wastes of earth, whose height of the loaded vehicle should not be beyond the upper edges of the ledge, and the hopper should be covered by clothe or to be sealed. 6. During the construction period, the construction unit should take the responsibility to clean and wash the roads surrounding the construction site. 7. During the construction period, it should timely refill the excavated earth and restore the function of vegetation, as the progressing of project construction, so as to reduce scenario of

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

baring ground and the heaping up of temporary excavated earth. 8、It should stop the earth excavation at the scenario of the windy weather in grade 4 wind.

Earthwork： 1、At the beginning of project implementation, it should excavate the ground at construction site. It should fully make use of the topography advantage and avoid the heavy excavation and deep refilling of earthwork. 2、The excavated earth could be used for land preparation for the cropping activities in the late project implementation, the excavated stone and sands could be used as the base stones for the construction of irrigation canals and ditches. These excavated earth and stones should not be disposed freely to the farmland or irrigation canals, which would impact the ordinary operation of irrigation canals and agriculture production. County Planning 3、It should rational arrange the temporary heaping of the earth and stones, and try to be far & Construction Water and soil away from the environmental sensitive site (household) in the surrounding (especially the lower Bureau erosion caused wind direction) area. In addition, it should take pressing, rolling compaction, covering by clothe, County Water by the solid and set earth break wall and discharge facilities etc, so as to minimize the dusting and water and Resource Bureau, waste, dust soil erosion caused by the heaping of excavated earth and stones. population, Township 4、It should set earth-based water discharge ditch at the surrounding area for temporary contamination 3 Construc- Environment & heaping up the waste earth. Besides, it would set earth-based sediment pond at the outlet of tion unit Sanitation of ground discharging ditches, so as to reduce the flowing speed for the collected water in the sediment pond Comprehensive water, the for the sediment of sands in the water. Administrative destroying of Department Solid waste created in project construction： ground County 、 vegetation 1 It would comprehensively classify and recollect the recycled usable wastes (waste steel, Environmental waste iron, material and bags etc would be sold to the waste collection station, and the waste Protection bricks would be reused as the base material for the road construction); Bureau 2、Those waste which could not be recollected, should be timely cleaned and transformed to the designated site for heaping up construction waste. During the transformation, it should be sealed in order to avoid scattered during transportation； 3、For the temporary storing of the waster, it should take the prevention measures for the protection of rain and wind etc. Living garbage collected by the project implementation staff： After bagging the collected living solid garbage, it should timely transform the garbage to the temporary heaping site located in the townships and villages. Based on the punishment to the

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

transportation and civil work conducted by the transportation administrative sector, it is forbidden to bury the living garbages.

1、It should not install the living facilities for the staff during project implementation. The County Planning living waste water produced by a few of project constructors, should be collected in the dry toilet, & Construction Bureau and would be treated as fertilizer after the completion of the project； County Water 2、Regarding the waste water accumulated in the construction base hole, it would be pumped Resource to the ground and flow into the sediment pond for the sediment treatment； Bureau, Ground water 3、In order to prevent the impact to the surrounding ground water environment caused by the Township environment 2 Construc- Environment & waste water produced by the project construction, it should respectively construct the sediment tion unit Sanitation contamination ponds for the waste water produced in project construction in the sewage treatment plant and the Comprehensive construction site for the excavation of pipes. The waste water produced in project construction Administrative should be treated by the sediment pond for recycling usage to ensure the waster construction Department water should not be discharged outside； County Environmental Protection Bureau 1. To enhance the observation to the fall of ground and buildings in surrounding area. Once it County Planning would be noticed, it should immediately stop the pumping of underground water and the & Construction construction; Bureau 2. During the project construction, it should keep the cleaning of the construction site so as to County Water Resource Underground avoid the sewage and contaminant flowing into the excavated ditch leading the sewage Bureau, water infiltration; Township contamination 3. If the fuel needs to be restored in the construction site, it must take infiltration proofing 10 Construc- Environment & and the water treatment to the warehouse and take the relevant measures in its storage and usage, in order to tion unit Sanitation table prevent the occurrence of oil leaking, dripping etc to contaminate water resource. Comprehensive depression 4. It needs to take prevention measures to the place where the living garbage restored, to Administrative Department avoid the leaking of sewage from the garbage to contaminate underground water. County 5. During the construction of the base in project site, it should nearly conduct the Environmental construction work in the non-flooding period as far as possible, which would reduce the impact to Protection the project construction caused by the depth of underground water table. Bureau

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

1. It should rationally arrange the construction time. During the night hours, it should avoid the construction or only conduct the construction work with lower noise. It should stop the operation of the construction machine with strong noise (such as pile driver) at night (22∶ 00－ 6∶ 00). Regarding some noise sensitive site near roads, it should not implement any construction work or arrange the operation work with lower noise as far as possible. Meanwhile, By taking the measures reducing the construction noise, it could greatly minimize the noise impact to the residents；If the continuous construction work especially is needed, it should be approved in advance by the relevant administrative department and coordinate with local residents. 2. Regarding the noise sensitive sites near project construction area, it should take mitigation measures by setting walls around the site to reduce the noise. Regarding the noise sensitive sites like school, clinics etc, beside the setting of noise prevention wall, it should arrange the schedule County Planning of construction work with stronger noise at holiday or weekend as far as possible; & Construction 3. By optimizing construction plan and reasonably arranging construction scheme, it could Bureau County Water minimize the harmfulness of construction environmental noise. During the bidding of construction Resource project, it should integrate the measures of minimizing environment noise into the content of Bureau, institutional design for the construction work, and clearly to be identified in the contract. Township Impact of noise 4. It would rationally design the transportation routine and scheme, the operation of 5 Construc- Environment & contamination construction facilities with high noise would be set beyond the distance of over 200m away from tion unit Sanitation the residential area; at the noise inevitable sites, it should take the mitigation measures to reduce Comprehensive Administrative or isolate the noise, in addition to periodically maintain the condition of the construction Department machines, and strictly following the operational procedures; County 5. During the construction period, it should coordinate the scheme of construction vehicle Environmental transportation. Under the existing heavy traffic condition, it should enhance the coordination Protection among the owner of project, construction unit and traffic administrative department, to avoid the Bureau possible traffic jam. During the transportation at night, it should take the measures of reducing speeding and forbidding hocking etc; the routine of transforming construction material should avoid passing townships and villages as far as possible, so as to minimize the noise impact caused by project construction. 6. Based on the criteria of labor hygiene standards, in order to protect the health condition of construction workers, the construction unit should rationally arrange the shifts of workers to alternatively operate road construction machines, or inter-cross the arrangement of work with lower noise and high noise in order to sustain a proper interval for the recovering of hearing for the workers. Meanwhile, it should mind the protection of machines by the reasonable operation, to minimize the level of noise caused by the road construction machines. During the operation of

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

machine, workers should wear ear musk and helmet.

Traffic impact： 1、The vehicles frequently driven in or out should follow the designed routine. Vehicles should be washed before driving into the roads of townships, and should be sealed during transportation if the loaded construction materials are scattered and spilling, so as to effectively prevent the pollution of dusting. 2. Strictly forbidding the over loading or driving with unwashed mud for the vehicles, in order to prevent the contamination of roads and reduce the second dusting pollution to air environment. 3. At the site of road with single driving path and the place near the entrance or exit of the construction yard, it should designate a person to instruct the traffic, so as to avoid the traffic jam which might be caused. Especially, at the narrow site of road, and without setting f relevant traffic Traffic signs, it should set alarming signs for safe driving at the turning site of road, the lower slope of administrative road while arranging the traffic inspectors to instruct or commend the traffic for safety driving. bureau, culture 4. Before construction, it should disseminate relevant information on the construction of relics protection bureau, urban project at the public mass medias, to inform publics in advance about the possible traffic jam Construc- administrative Social impact which might be caused by construction, and provide relevant traffic suggestion etc (such as ) 4 tion bureau, township （timed releasing etc）. unit environmental 5. The traffic alarming signs such as “constructing in front”, “slow down”, “turning around comprehensive ahead” etc. should be set by project construction unit, in order to remind drivers for their administrative convenient traffic. department, 6. For the convenience of driving of drivers at night, and reducing the incidence of traffic health bureau. accidents, it should set alarming lighters at the road section under construction, to guide the traffic of vehicles. Landscape impact： 1.After the completion of project construction, it should finish the counterpart project construction, such as cleaning of site, greening and recovering of roads etc. to harmonized its environment. Land occupation impact： 1. Regarding the project which needs land occupation, it should conduct recovered plough after the completion of project, in order to reduce the land occupation； 2. To truly carry out the policies of land acquisition and compensation, ensuring the level of

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

livelihood for the affected farmers should not fell to the level before land acquisition. Culture relics impact： Based on the field survey conducted along the routine of the construction project and its surrounding area, there is no any location of culture relics protected units and culture relics sites. Concerning the possibility of the discovery of new culture relics during the excavation of project construction, project construction units are required to stop project implementation once any new culture relics might be discovered, and preparing for the protection. While, it should coordinate with local culture relics protection bureau to further excavate and collect the remains etc. Agriculture resources protection measures: 1. To reasonably planning the earth excavation and the transportation vertically, so as to reduce the temporary land occupation; 2. To enhance the education on the awareness of environment protection to the construction workers, abuse logging is not allowed, and the disposal of the wasted solid garbage should follow the designed requirement; 3. Regarding the occupied arable land, after the completion of project construction, it should timely conduct re-farming the temporary occupied land and the waste occupied land in order to reduce the occupation of arable land. Meanwhile, it should truly carry out the land acquisition and Forestry compensation policies, enabling the level of livelihood for the affected farmers should not fell to administrative the level before land acquisition, with the implementation of cropping patter adjustment. department, 4. Project construction unit should strictly control the site of occupied land for temporary county Vegetation environment usage during construction, and to balance the concerning of the outlay of the accessible road for Construc- destroying and 10 protection construction, material storage yard and precast yard based on the project construction progress. It tion unit ecologic impact should try to make full use of road construction area or bared slopes, or the abandoned land, rather bureau, township than to occupy arable land. During project construction, it should take effective measures to environment prevent farmland contamination. After the completion of project construction, it temporarily comprehensive occupied land should be recovered based on the items in the contract. administrative The protection measures for the terrestrial plants： department, 1、For the outlay of construction arrange, the selection of the sites for the construction of living facilities, construction site and any other processing factories etc, it should avoid the forest area or basic arable land area which have high production productivities, and the routine of easy accessible road for construction and permanent road construction should not pass the forests in a large area; 2、During the construction conducted at the road section of forestland and arable land, the construction activities should be conducted only within the land scope by acquisition. It should

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

minimize the occupation area for the construction of easy accessible road and temporarily occupied land, and reduce the occupation of forestland and arable land. The temporarily occupied land for construction should prior select bare pasture land. 3、The measure of vegetation recovery is the main measure protection vegetation. It should conduct vegetation recovery based on its local climate characteristics. Regarding the vegetation recovery measures, it should focus on: reserving the curing soil of the permanently occupied forestland and the temporarily occupied land, so as to provide a better quality of soil for the recovery of vegetation；collecting and reserving the surfacing soil of the permanently occupied forestland during construction, to be used in the plantation of trees at the site with poor soil fertility; and reserving the curing soil of the temporarily occupied land before construction, to be used for the recovering, loosening and cleaning after construction, in the re-plantation or greening after recovering by the suitable plants. 4. Ecological environmental monitoring or investigation should be conducted during project construction period and operation period. During construction period, it mainly focuses on the monitoring of the construction site in forestland or fire alarming monitoring. In addition, project construction unit should enhance the inventory to the key protected plants or ancient tree species in the construction area. During the construction period, if any key protected objectives would be discovered, it should timely report to the administrative department to take relevant protection measures. 5. During construction period, it would strictly take management measures to control the possible fire during construction, and enhance the management to the construction workers. During the fire alarming period, firing outdoors would be strictly forbidden. The protection measures for the terrestrial animals： 1、Enhance the awareness of animal protection for the construction workers, and the wild animal hunting is strictly forbidden; 2. Properly prepare construction method and scheme, so as to reduce the construction noise disturbing wild animals and avoid the construction in the early morning or noon； 3、Enhance the treatment to the solid, liquid and gas wastes during project construction period, to maximize the protection of animal habitat； 4、Enhance the recovery of ecological environment after the completion of project, so as to reduce the negative impact caused by the construction by the destroying of vegetation and soil and water erosion, water quality and aquatic organisms. The protection measures for the aquatic organisms：

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

1、Try to avoid the construction in the water. When it is inevitable, the construction of bridge pier in the rivers should try to avoid the breeding seasons of fishes from March to July; 2、The heaping up of construction material also should avoid water source or other water area, and select the heaping place where is difficult in flooding during rainstorm. If some construction material have to be heaped near bridge, it should dig ground ditch around the material piling yard and set protection walls etc, in case of the runoff of rainstorm flowing into the river, which might impact water quality. All materials should be attached with the facilities proofing rains or water etc. 3. To prepare the ecologic recovery after project construction, and reduce the destroying of plants as far as possible, so as to minimize the impact to the aquatic organism caused by water and soil erosion； 4、To reasonably organize construction procedures and the selection of construction machines, and enhance the education and propaganda to the construction workers on the necessary ecological protection knowledge； 6、To regular the treatment measures for the waste water and sewage produced during project construction. It is not allowed to directly discharge the waste water into the rivers nearby without treatment. The protection measures for the landscape environment： 1、Based on the characteristic of project construction, regarding the natural condition of the side slope, steepness, local climate and terrain, it should select the rough grass and bush plants where have strong adaptive capacity to its local condition for the recovery of vegetation excavated along the slopes, and reduce the maintenance after the completion of construction; 2. It could take the art designing to the fixture along the side slope, such as the construction of lattic beam, anti-slide pile etc, enabling them to be functional in the fixation of water and soil erosion, in additional the beautifying sculpt along the side slope; 3. Regarding the side slope along the key road section, if it is especially needs to set retaining wall or high facing wall , the floating sculpture could be designed on the wall, to centralized demonstrate local culture and history.

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) 8.2.2 Measures of the mitigation of EI for road construction project

Besides the general mitigation measures listed in Table 8.2-1, the special mitigation measures of EM for road construction project in Gansu project area are shown in the following Table 8.2.2. Table 8.2-2 The Mitigation Measures of EI during the Implementation of Road Construction Project Cost estim Main negative Executo Mitigation measures ation Supervisors impact rs

Phases 0000’ yuan The selection of road routine: 1.Since the proposed road construction project is to concrete and sands-pave the original road sections, without any construction of new road, there is not any issue concerning the selection of road routine. The The site selection of waste yard： cost 1、The proposed project area is located in rural area, which mostly is blocked by natural shoul d be galley. Concerning the site selection of the waste yard, it should be set near the area crossing the integr EIA agency river as so to avoid the transportation of wastes across river； ated

2、In order to reduce the land occupation for the construction of temporary road, the difference into Consulta The the nt The types of land of the height of waste heaping and the height of roadbed for each road sections should not be too administration Project proje company occupation and large； department for design ct for the its impact to the the approval of phase 3. It should select the plat area as the site of waste yard as far as possible, so as to meet the desig preparati surrounding area FSR need for the piling f waste. The volume of the waste should be calculated by road section, based n fee, on of

on the types and quantity of excavated earth, the types and quantity of refilled earth etc; rather FSR Construction than 4. The site selection of the waste yard should mind and avoid to be set in the area where unit suffers frequent geological disasters such as landslide, collapse etc and disaster impacted area; indivi 5. Based on the characteristic of rural road construction, in principle, the transportation duall y distance of waste should be controlled within the scope of 5～l0km, in order to ensure that there estim are adequate and relevant independent waste yards for each road construction road section during ation. project construction, avoiding to be disturbed；Meanwhile, to reasonably control the transportation distance of waters so as to reduce the possible water and soil erosion brought by the transportation of waste；

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

7、Regarding the natural erosion caused by project construction and the temporarily excavated earth etc, it should be timely cleaned and transported to the waste yard nearby； 8、The selection of waste yard should sustain a certain of distance to the surrounding buildings. Especially, when there is important buildings, villages or irrigation facility located at the lower reaches of the selected site, it should be carefully selected and even could increase land occupation rather than cause serious damage or losses caused by the collapse of waste yard; 9. The water yard should not occupy the drinking water resource protection area, natural reserves, scenery spots and basic farmland protection area etc; 10 At each proposed waste yard, it would take the construction of sewage discharge ditches, waste prevention wall etc. Before heaping up waste in the waste yard, it should complete the construction of sewage discharge ditches and waste prevention walls around the yard, so as to prevent the eroding to the waste by the gathering rainwater etc 11. Before putting waste in the waste yard, it should remove the surface soil on the waste yard ground, and to be heaped at the corner of waste yard. The ground surface should be recovered by the removed vegetation, and the foot of slope should be prevented and blocked by the bags filled with earth or stones. Construction Execute unit d by 1、It needs to design rainstorm discharge system of road, to enhance the maintenance and Environment contract Ground water management of the side ditch and embankment； Engineer of the or, and contamination supervision 2、To reasonably plan the drainage scheme of road for the runoff, and strictly forbidden to be 3 written caused by runoff company directly discharged into fish pond or drinking water sources. in the of the road Local 3、It needs to enhance the management of sewage produced in project construction, and try to save technical environment the use of water, so as to reduce the production of sewage produced in construction. specifica protection Project tion operati bureau on 1、It should enhance the street greening along the road, so as to increase the absorption of exhaust phase Motor vehicle and reduce the emission of dusts and exhaust. Same as 2 Same as above exhaust 2、To periodically check the condition of the controlling system and exhausting system for the above transportation vehicles, and constrain the entry of vehicle in poor condition. 1、By enhancing the traffic management of road and safety education for the drivers, it could effectively control the traffic noise. It should often maintain the leveling of road surface, and set Traffic noise speed down facilities near the important sensitive sites, and set the signs of forbidden honking, 3 pollution no-overloading, and should time remove the scattered goods on the road etc. 2、To sustain the levelling of road surface, so as to ensure the smooth transportation and reduce

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

traffic noise. 3、To enhance the arrangement of scheme and management for the transportation vehicles, and should avoid vehicle transportation during peak traffic hours. Transportation should be avoided from 22:00-8:00. 1、Regarding the road sections crossing the bridge by the proposed road, it should set anti-collision pier at two sides of bridge and enhance the measures of anti-collision and prevent vehicles in traffic accident from dropping into river； 2、It should set alarming signs of speed limits and no-overtaking etc at the marked two sides of Operation unit bridge passed by river, to remind drivers and passengers go by to improve their awareness of environment protection; Local The environment contamination of 3、At the road sections with frequent sharp turns, it should additionally set relevant traffic protection ground water, alarming signs, to remind drivers to speed down at the special sharp turning road section; bureau soil and air 、 Operatio 4 It should enhance the training and education on the relevant law for the transportation of 5 caused by the n unit dangerous goods to the drivers and relevant administrative staff, enabling them to strictly follow Community environment the operation procedures and technical specification on the transportation of relevant dangerous surpervision risks, like traffic

accident goods, and to learn the relevant regulations issued by the relevant national sectors; 5、It should strictly follow the Traffic Law on the Road in PRC, and prepare emergency Civil road administrative management plan (EMP)on the risk of traffic accident for the road transportation. The plan has unit integrated the duties and obligation of the commending institute; the selection of emergence response technology and treatment procedures; the provision and allocation of human resources, fund input and physical support; the distribution and division of relevant equipment and tools etc.; the establishment of the dynamic monitoring system for the accident. 1、It should seal the cargo during transportation of vehicle, so as to reduce the scattering of goods during transportation; Operation unit 2、Regarding the transportation of vehicle, it should be equipped with scattering proof facilities, Local and should not be overloaded so as to ensure the loaded goods should not be scattered during environment transportation; in addition, it should properly arrange the routine and schedule for the protection Operat transportation vehicles, so as to avoid the driving in the sensitive area, such as the busy Operatio bureau ion Solid waste 2 downtown and the front of residential. n unit Community phase 3、The transportation vehicle should be covered and washed before departure from the loading or surpervision unloading yard, so as to reduce the scattering goods attached on the wheels and the bottoms of Civil road vehicle. administrative 4、It should timely remove the scattered garbage on road during transportation, so as to reduce the unit solid waste contamination during transportation. 8.2.3The mitigation measures of EI for the construction of irrigation project 147

EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) Besides the general mitigation measures listed in Table 8.2-1, the special mitigation measures of EM for irrigation facility construction project in Gansu project area are shown in the following Table 8.2.2. Table 8.2-3 The Mitigation Measures of EI during the Implementation of Irrigation Facility Construction Project

Cost Main estimation negative Mitigation measures Executors Supervisors 0000’

Phases impact yuan During the construction of water storage pool and water-saving irrigation pipes, with Poverty comprehensive consideration of environment protection, greening and landscape, it would reduction Planning and make a overall landscape design for the water storage pool and water-saving irrigation pipes, center in construction Landscape Integrated Proje enabling the coordination of water storage pool and surrounding building and the greening province, bureau, National impact into the cost ct belt, which would greatly increase the beauty of rural environment, and make a basic municiple Land Resources of project desig preparation of the eco-tourism development driven by the industrialized agriculture park at county, Administrative design fee, n late stage; project bureau, Water without phase 、 township, administrative 1 It should conduct geographic and topographic inventory, and select a suitable construction individually Landslide or project bureau, process etc； estimation village, Environment water and 2、It should be less or not occupy farmland, forestland etc. soil erosion project protection bureau design unit

8.2.4 The mitigation measures of EI for the construction of non-linear infrastructure project

During project construction, mitigation measures of EI caused by the construction of the trading markets and storages could refer to the table 8.2.1, and the special mitigation measures of EI for the non-linear infrastructure project construction could be shown in table 8.2.4.

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Table 8.2-4 The mitigation measures of EI for the construction of non-linear infrastructure project

Cost Main estimati Executo negative Mitigation measures Supervisors on 0000’ rs

Phases impact yuan 1、The location of living animal trading market should be set at the lower wind direction, and Poverty Integrate reductio separated with other trading markets, with far distance to the sensitive sites of d into n center surroundings, so as to reduce the impact of odor to local surrounding environment; the cost Planning and in 2、It should properly plan the land occupation for the surrounding area near livestock trading of construction bureau, province Project Odor, markets, where is not suitable for the location of centralized residential area or project National Land municipl design noise, entertainment place; design Resources e county, phase dung and 3、It is relative large crowded in the animal trading market, WC and relevant pollution fee, Administrative project sewage etc treatment facilities should be designed: digestion tank（collection of living sewage and without bureau, Livestock township animal urine）, dung heaping ground, counterpart sewage pipelines; individu bureau, Environment village, ally protection bureau project estimatio design n unit Commercial noise（trading shop）： 1、To rationally design the location of commercial shops, by keeping adequate distance to the living zone, and enhancing the internal noise-breaking measures, reducing outdoor noise by the plantation of greening belt in surrounding area; Noise 2、To prepare strict management regulation, preventing the commercial noise from residents； County environment from ： Commer bureau, Township Project Vehicle noise Commerci cial environment operati 1、Hocking is forbidden to all vehicles entering or outing the ground parking yard, and al property comprehensive on should reduce the frequent starting up and slowing speed of motor vehicles; 4 operation, manage Administrative phase 2、To enhance management of noise, and regulate the parking order in parking ground; and ment department, Industry Noise of equipment： animal unit and commercial trading etc 1、Except the installation of air condition, the rest facilities with high noise should be administrative bureau installed underground； 2、The room placing equipment should be set with sound-eliminating measures by installing sound proofing shed, and taking the measures of reducing noise； 3、Air condition is the main source of noise. The noise impact to its surrounding environment

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could be reduced by the selection of air condition equipment with lower noise, installing spring vibrating reduction device at the foot of water pump and the hub parts of air condition, installing the Damping Spring Hanger shock absorber, setting single or double balls rubber soft attaches at the water tubs of taking-in or taking-out, taking sound proof treatment to the pipes by covering sound breaking blanket etc as well as by installing sound eliminating devices at the key parts of noising etc; Animal sound： 1、It should properly arrange the schedule of dinning for the animals, so as to avoid the generation of intensive sound source caused by the hungry of animals; 2、It should take necessary sound-breaking measures in animal shed, such as the installation of sound-breaking windows and doors etc. Ground 1、All wastes of animals should be separated by the dried and wetted, then should conduct water treatment to the animal sewage; impact by 2、The location of trading markets is not decided yet, and without the construction of Commer County environment the necessary public facilities at its surroundings. If the scale of trading market is relative small cial bureau, Township discharge with less discharging of sewage, where is largely surrounded by farmland, forestland, the property environment of sewage sewage after treated in digestion tank could be used in irrigation and fertilization of 5 manage comprehensive produced farmland. The treated waste water used in irrigation should meet the relevant standard of the ment administrative by the ； Criteria of Water Quality in the Irrigation of Farmland (GB5084-2005) If the scale of unit department project trading market is relative large with intensive discharging of sewage, where is unsuitable for implement irrigation, the sewage treatment stations should be constructed by relevant department there. ation The sewage from residents and production should be treated before it is discharged; Odor： 1. It should set garbage collection sites and hire workers to be responsible for the cleaning County environment and sterilizing the garbage by local administrators, and timely transform the collected bureau, Township Environm Commer garbage to the civil garbage treatment station, so as to reduce the production and emission of environment ent impact cial odor in air； comprehensive produced property 2. It should enhance the greening by the plantation of arbor trees and bushes surrounding the 8 administrative by odor, manage animal treading market. The multiple forest belt would greatly reduce the odor in air； department, Health dusts from ment 、 bureau, Industry and forage 3 It should enhance the management to the odor pollution by timely cleaning dung and unit sewage of animals, and periodically cleaning animal sheds. By the improvement of sanitation commercial management and ventilation measures to the animal shed, it would greatly mitigate the administrative bureau impact of odor to the surrounding area；

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4. By the application f deodorant, it would greatly reduce the source of odor; 5. In order to mitigate the impact of odor to the surrounding area, it would take the measures to improve sanitation management and ventilation to the animal shed; by managing and cleaning to the animal storage ground, to reduce the heaping of animal waste. The odor isolation measures include the sealing of container and setting of negative pressure etc； Motor vehicle exhaust： It would enhance traffic management and reduce the idling driving, so as to reduce the emission of exhaust in air; The exhaust produced in agro-products trading market： 1、By integrating the natural ventilation and indoor convulsions, to enhance the air recurrence in the agro-products trading market and shops； 2、To timely clean the solid garbage and enhance the sanitation management to shops; Dust from forage: By greening measures or installation of equipment to reduce the dust emission. Animal waste：Referring the requirement of animal waste management for livestock raising County environment project; bureau, Township environment Forage warehouse：To sustain the proper temperature and humidity for the forage Commer Environm comprehensive warehouse, and take anti-rats measures to reduce the solid waste caused by the ruin forage. cial ent impact administrative The solid waste produced in the forage warehouse could be put into the animal shed as the property of the 5 department, Health rough fodder for cattle, sheep and pigs etc（except warehouse for the storage of fresh meat）. manage solid bureau, Industry and It should periodically clean the warehouse to ensure its sanity and reduce the ruining of ment waste commercial restored goods, so as to further reduce the production of solid waste. It also should put the unit solid waste produced in warehouse into the biogas tank for treatment, or composting administrative bureau, treatment as organic fertilizer to be sold or applied in the field; Environment sanitation department 1、 It would classify and collect the medical waste, and timely take immunization Operation unit Local environment Medical vaccination to the fed animals in order to diagnose diseases early for early treatment, so as to reduce the production of solid medical waste; Operatio protection bureau treatment 2 2、The collected medical waste should be handled to the special qualified unit for the safe n unit Social supervision waste disposal. from surrounding communities

8.2.5 The mitigation measures of EI for the implementation of agriculture cropping projects Table 8.2-5 The Table of Mitigation Measures of EI for the Implementation of Cropping Project

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Cost Main estima negative Mitigation measures tion Executors Supervisors

Phases impact 0000’ yuan Water and soil Poverty erosion reduction Water and soil erosion： Local caused center in 1、To prepare the planning and appraisal of the utilization of water resource during project environment Selection of by the province, protection project imprope construction, to ensure there will adequate water resource for development in project area, prefectures bureau construction r and avoid the blindness development of land resource without concerning the possible issue 1 and Social site selection of the overdevelopment of water resource； counties, supervision by of sites, project 2、To strictly follow the relevant laws or regulations such as Water and Soil Conservation Law, surrounding seedling townships, ； commnities and so as to avoid and constrain the behavior of deterioration of ecologic environment destroying project plantatio villages n 1、It should follow the basic principle of reserving original slope or planting protection forest before the development of farmland and gradually development, so as to reduction water and Site soil erosion during land development.； 2.5 preparation 2、During terracing, it should properly reserve slope land to avoid water and soil erosion; 3、Excessive land reclamation of the slope should be forbidden, slope protection engineering should be reserved during cropping, in order to avoid water and soil erosion; Selection of To plant the adaptable crops which are suitable of the local climate and soil conditions; 0.5 Seeds 1、In areas where the slope is steep, it should decide the plantation area and direction according the terrain in order to avoid water and soil erosion caused by rainfall or irrigation. Cultivation 2、It would adopt appropriate machinery to prevent compaction due to the heavy equipment. 3 3、By using vegetation, crops intercropping or plantation of forest, it plans to break the wind and reduce water and soil erosion caused by storm.

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Cost Main estima negative Mitigation measures tion Executors Supervisors

Phases impact 0000’ yuan 1、When taking ground surface water from rivers for irrigation and drinking, it should comprehensively conduct appraisal by relevant departments to review the feasibility of the selected outlet sites, so as to ensure the implementation of water diversion project would not Planning affect fish habitat "three sites", while ensure the normal operation of shipping channel in &construction project area bureau, 2、During the implementation of cropping activities, it would conduct the application research Agriculture & Poverty on water-saving irrigation technology so as to greatly promote the dropping irrigation animal reduction Impact technology in the economic consumption of water, so as reduce the quota of water in irrigation. husbandry center in to water 3、To rationally develop water resource in irrigation area, and promote the utilization rate of bureau, County province, environ water so as to keep the balance of water resources in irrigation area； environment prefectures ment, bureau, Irrigation 4、To scientifically prepare the scheme of water utilization, based on the natural law of growth 4 and caused Township for the plants, the demanding quota of water for crops and water content in soil, as well as the counties, by environment spatial distribution of water, so as to actually make a sound plan of water utilization and water project irrigatio comprehensive distribution. Water allocation accuracy should reach more than 95%, enabling the standard of townships, n etc administrative the irrigated water amount would not be retrieved, and prevent the underground water from project department, overexploitation and pollution caused by deep seepage. villages 5、To establish a strict maintenance and management system for the facilities, and periodically Geologic check the performance status of the equipment to ensure the proper operation for all types of disaster water-saving facilities. administrative 6、To keep a rational density of plantation and increase the coverage of land, would decrease department the size of bare land and time of exposure for the land, and would suppress the increment of soil moisture and the salinization of soil, to increase soil desalting effect.

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Cost Main estima negative Mitigation measures tion Executors Supervisors

Phases impact 0000’ yuan 1、It encourages the application of organic manure. Taking the organic manure as base fertilizer , it would reduce the loss of fertilizer and improve soil quality and fertility so as

improve the quality of agro-products and achieve the modern agriculture with food safety

and sustainable agriculture development strategy； 2、The application of chemical fertilizer and organic manure, would greatly improve the nutrient of crops, improve soil fertility, reduce the cost of fertilization, improve the efficiency of fertilization, improve the yield and quality of crops, and reduce the environment

contamination; Contami nation of 3、Based on the condition of crops and soil, it properly compose the proportion of N, P and K, Planning chemical integrated with the reasonable application of micro elements fertilizer for the balanced &construction fertilizat nutrient of soil, and fully motivate the inter compensation among types of fertilizers; bureau, ion 4、Before fertilization, it should comprehensively consider the efforts of the mixed Agriculture & Poverty animal inter-activated factors such as the concentration of nutrients, dissolvable degree, PH, by-side reduction husbandry Fertilization effect etc, so as to fully achieve its economic benefits; center in bureau, County 5、Before fertilization, it should exam the condition of soil by the indicators such as the organic province, environment prefectures matter content in soil, soil quality, PH of soil, soil maturation degree etc, so as to identify the bureau, 5 and most properly suitable variety of fertilizer, and decide the rational method of fertilization; Township counties, 6、It needs to improve the techniques of fertilization, so as to improve the utilization rate of the environment project comprehensive fertilizer. Firstly, it should follow the principle of “N controlled, P saved and K increased”; townships, administrative secondly, it should improve the method of fertilization, popularizing the centralized project department, fertilization techniques of “applying N deeply, P shallowly” etc, and applying fertilizers based villages on the condition of soil, crops or variety of fertilizers, and to strongly promote the new Geologic method of fertilization based on the condition of tested & diagnosed soil; disaster 7、By the application of crop residuum, compost and manure which contains a great amount administrative organic matter to increase the content of organic matter in soil, to prevent soil from erosion department caused by sunshine, raining or wind erosion, and to sustain the balance of the ecological system for soil. However, before the application, it should consider the possibility of spreading plant diseases and insect pests; 8、It could consider to add the right amount of lime in soil, to control soil acidification which might be caused by acid precipitation or fertilizer application, and stabilize the value of PH in soil. 9、Before to apply manure or mud etc waster in soil in 154order to increase the fertility of soil, it should conduct evaluation of the potential impact to the soil and water after the application. Since it might bring some contaminants to the soil, such as heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus and pathogenic substances. EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu)

Cost Main estima negative Mitigation measures tion Executors Supervisors

Phases impact 0000’ yuan 1、To select the species of crops with the genetic advantage of anti-pests and disease, and perform quarantine of seeds during introduction so as to prevent the spreading of pests and

diseases. When pests and diseases are popularized, it should take physical method (artificially

taking off the infected plants, and culling, luring insects etc), so as to meet the goal of applying less pesticide on crops. Contami 2、It should pay attention on the physical prevention measures in dealing with pests. For nation of example, the prevention of fruit worm should base on the principle of “focusing on the pesticide prevention, treated comprehensively”. By conducting a large scaled field survey on the Planning , identification of the fruit worm varieties and development trends, it could take a relevant &construction

bureau, mulch targeting effective counterpart measure to control the pests; Agriculture & pollution 3、It should reduce the dosage of chemical fertilizers application, and recommend the Poverty animal reduction prevention measures biologically, agriculture prevention practices and comprehensive husbandry Pests and center in prevention and treatment. It suggests to apply lower toxic pesticides, to control the application bureau, County diseases province, of pesticide with medium toxicity, and strictly forbid the high toxic fertilization； environment controlling prefectures bureau, 4、It should apply the pesticides with lower toxicity and less chemical residual, and forbidden 5 and Township the application of pesticides listed in the Name List of Pesticides Nationally Forbidden or counties, environment project Constrained Application； comprehensive townships, 5、It should strengthen the monitoring of pests and disease, providing scientific basis for the administrative project department, prevention and treatment of the diseases and pests in apple orchard. . villages Geologic 6、By the provision of technical training and equipment, it should promote the application of disaster safely controlling pests technology and the lower dosage for less residuals of fertilization; administrative 7、Before sawing, it would conduct deep tilling of soil in hot summer or cold winter. department 8、To recommend farmers to apply mineral agents, biological agents, and low toxic agent. It suggests using the pesticide and chemical fertilizer with moderate toxicity if the above mentioned agents used are invalid. 9、To strictly control the concentration of pesticide, content, form, frequency and method. 10、To conduct training to farmers in according to the application specification of pesticides. 11、To strictly apply the pesticide based on the specification of the usage of the drugs, and to select a shining day to sprinkle the drugs in order to prevent the diffusion of pesticides polluting environment, when it is necessary, in did. 155

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Cost Main estima negative Mitigation measures tion Executors Supervisors

Phases impact 0000’ yuan Planning 、 ： 1 To properly remove the mulch It suggests taking the measures of removing mulch before &construction harvesting rather than after harvesting. The concrete time of removing mulch should be bureau, decided as the clear day after raining or the early morning with the moist soil. The properly Agriculture & Other Poverty animal remove mulch, could greatly reduce the film residuals in the soil of the land； reduction husbandry 2、It should take an integrated measure of artificially or machinery recollecting of the used center in bureau, County province, mulch, and enhance the recollection of film residuals on the ground：Besides the removal of environment prefectures mulch before raining, it also organizes labors manually or by taking tools to recollect the film bureau, 3 and Township residuals on the ground. By the operation of mulch collection machine before tiling, land counties, environment preparation and sowing and after harvesting, it also is effective in removing mulch residuals； project comprehensive townships, 3、To optimize farming system：It should enhance the rotational cropping system to reduce the administrative project average coverage of mulch residuals per unit farmland, so as to reduce the danger of mulch department, villages residuals contamination； Geologic disaster 4、It strictly forbid the freely disposal of relevant plastic bags, such as the empty bags of seeds administrative and pesticides etc should be recollected;. department

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Cost Main estima negative Mitigation measures tion Executors Supervisors

Phases impact 0000’ yuan Planning &construction bureau, 1、To keep crop residues and other organic matter in soil, plow or composting for recycling Agriculture & Poverty application. Before the implementation of these measures, it should firstly consider the animal reduction potential possibility of the spreading of diseases and insect pests. husbandry center in Crop 2、To take the crop residues as biological energy facilities of the thermal energy fuels, the bureau, County province, residuals environment substrate of fermentation equipment, and the biological refining raw materials. prefectures and bureau, Harvest 3、To conduct cleaning (such as triple washing technology) and disposal (for example, by 1 and other Township shredding, chopped, or return to vendor) of pesticide packing bags and containers, in order to counties, solid environment avoid the recycling use of them as food and water containers. It should follow the regulations, project waste comprehensive in accordance with the provisions, to recycling use the washed solution as diluents, or stored townships, administrative for final disposal. project department, 4, For the expired and redundant pesticides, should be disposed in accordance with the relevant villages guidelines of expiration and the management scheme for excess pesticide. Geologic disaster administrative department

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EIA Report of Poverty Alleviation and Agriculture Development Demonstration in Poor Areas Project (Gansu) 8.2.6 Mitigation measures of EI for the implementation of livestock breeding project

Table 8.2-6 The Table of Mitigation Measures of EI for the Implementation of Livestock Breeding Project

Main Cost Supervisors Executo negative Mitigation measures estimati rs impact on 0000’

Phases yuan 1、It is forbidden to construct project at the sites where is the core or near area of drinking water resource protection zone, famous scenery spots, natural reserve etc； 2、Project is forbidden to be constructed in the rural residential area, where the population is Poverty centralized and divided as culture, education and technology district, hospital treatment district, reductio Planning commercial zone, industry zone and tourism zone etc； Integrate n center &construction into the in bureau, Impact 3、The treatment engineering for the prevention of animal sewage contamination should be located cost of province Agriculture & of odor Design with a certain of distance to the buildings of animal production district of the farm and residential design ,prefectu animal and and site area. It should be set at the lower direction of the main air recurrence or its side wind direction; fee, res and husbandry under selection 4、It should plan to construct urine or dung storage tank for individual household who raise without counties, bureau, -ground individu project National land water livestock, and the leakage proofing design should be conducted to the tanks；regarding the al cost townshi resources centralized animal raising farm, it should design the dung heaping ground equipped with biogas estimate ps, administrative , pond, and the location of animal waste storage facility should keep over 400m far away from the project Forest bureau groundwater; villages 5、The animal shed is designed with the dry cleaning process, so as to reduce the usage of water for washing the shed. It plans to separate the animal waste with the dry dung part and wet urine part, for the convenience of contamination treatment.

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h a s e s P Main Mitigation measures Cost Executo Supervisors negative estimati Povertyrs 1.The collected urine and the washed water are discharged into the sewage tank, sustaining at least impact on 0000’ reductio 20 days in warm days, and 30 days in cold days (November to march). Then, it will be applied as Agriculture & yuan n center liquid fertilizer on farmland after treatment. animal in 2.It should strictly manage the storage tank and pipeline for the liquid fertilizer, and strictly beware husbandry province of the leakage which might cause the pollution of land, surface water and groundwater. bureau, County Water , 3.It must take anti-seepage treatment to the facility of sewage in livestock breeding nursery. environment environ prefectur 4.By using notoginseng lime soil, to take anti-seepage measures on the ground of stadiums. Timely 3 bureau, ment es and cleaning up the solid manure for composting. The liquid urine will be collected into the sewage Township impact counties, pool for treatment. environment project 5.According to the size of the farms, it will put the collected sewage for treatment and discharge it comprehensive townshi into the fields matching with nutrients. administrative ps, 6.The waste water collected from washed water, sewage and animal urine in the animal breeding department project nursery, would be discharged into biogas pool for treatment, not allowed to be discharged outside. villages 1、The waste water discharged from animal raising farm could be used for land irrigation by drop irrigation or artificial irrigation. The over irrigation should be avoided in unit land； 2、It should rational arrange the layout of drainage pipes or discharging ditch. The anti-corrosion Whole PVC pipe is suitable to be adopted as the pipe of collecting waste water, and the interface of life period pipes should be closely sealed so as to ensure the sewage could be properly discharged； of project Poverty 3、The bottom of animal shed, compost ground, urine collection pond and ditch should be reductio Agriculture & concreted, equipped with anti-seepage treatment measures. Meanwhile, it should periodically check n center animal the condition of ground rupture and the sealing of drainage pipes so as to avoid the leakage of in husbandry Impact sewage. During the treatment of anti-seepage, it should follow relevant specification for the province bureau, County of construction of concrete，and concrete compressive strength, impermeability, antifreeze prefectur environment undergro 12 es and bureau, performance must meet the design requirements；Wall constructed vertically and leveling, which und counties, Township water should closely connect the sealing part of concrete. The thickness of protection layer should be project environment standardized: Before pouring concrete pool wall, concrete construction joints should be cut rough townshi comprehensive and carefully cleaned. Concrete joins should be close-grained, without leakage. ps, administrative 4、The ground of compost area should be constructed by the material with strength, anti seepage and project department villages corrosion resistant, and should set the part of blocking leakage and the collection device for the leakage sewage. 5、It should take the dry cleaning process for the collection and treatment of animal dung for its timely cleaning and transportation. For the temporary heaping site, it should construct specific building, provide cleaning and sterilization equipment, and discharging pipe connecting the drainage pipe system so as to prevent the seepage of the leaked sewage from solid waste. 159

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h a s e s P Main Mitigation measures Cost Executo Supervisors negative 1. It should enhance the greening by the plantation of arbor trees and bushes surrounding the animal estimati Povertyrs impact feeding farms. The multiple forest belt would greatly reduce the odor in air； on 0000’ reductio Agriculture & yuan 2、It should enhance the management to the odor pollution by timely cleaning dung and sewage of n center animal in husbandry animals, and periodically cleaning animal sheds. By the improvement of sanitation management and province bureau, County ventilation measures to the animal shed, it would greatly mitigate the impact of odor to the ,prefectu environment Odor surrounding area；By taking procedure control and cleaning management to the storage of dung and 3 res and bureau, impact sewage and the pond of collecting, to reduce the heaping of animal waste. The odor isolation counties, Township project environment measures include the sealing of container and setting of negative pressure etc；In order to mitigate townshi comprehensive the impact of odor to the surrounding area, ps, administrative 3. By the application of deodorant, it would greatly reduce the source of odor; It also would take the project department compound feed which is mixed by straw and the effective microbial agents. villages Heaping and transportation measures： 1、It should set special location for the temporary storage of animal waste, covered by rain proofing shed and equipped with anti-seepage measures. During summer time, it would periodically spray Poverty sterilizing fluid on the heaping ground. During the designing of the stock capacity for the dung reductio Agriculture & heaping ground, it has considered the relevant specification required in The Detailed Regulation n center animal Environ in husbandry on Controlling the Total Emission of Main Contaminants During the Phase of 12th Five Year ment province bureau, County impact Plan； ,prefectu environment caused 2、During the transportation of animal waste, it should set the leak proofing packing at the vehicles 2 res and bureau, by transforming solid waste so as to avoid the second pollution. By covering canvas on the top of counties, Township animal vehicle, it would not only avoid the impact to the landscape of countryside, but also would avoid project environment waste the scattering of the waste during transportation. Meanwhile, it should rational select the townshi comprehensive transportation routine and schedule, so as to reduce the environment impact to the resident ps, administrative surrounding; project department Treatment measures： villages All animal waste should be collected and composted to be as manure, it could be apply in the field as fertilizer after the relevant treatment;

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h a s e s P Main Mitigation measures Cost Executo Supervisors negative 1、Household who raising animals should check the condition of animals each day. If any infected estimati rs impact animal is identified and dead, it must timely report to the vet. If the infected animal is able to be on 0000’ yuan cured, the treatment of animals should be instructed by vet; 2、If the livestock and poultry died of severe disease, it should burn the dead body in landfill site, and then the surface of the burned dead body should be covered by lime and buried. If the animals died of rest reasons, it also should be safely buried. Poverty 3、The dead animal and its excrement should be put into the empty forage bags which should have reductio Agriculture & water proofing plastic film internally, and its shed should be thoroughly sterilized. n center animal Environ in 4、Common infected dead animals must be sent to a veterinary clinic, the vet would be responsible husbandry ment province for the inspection, the autopsy, the inspection work and so on; Any suspicious serious disease bureau, County impact , incidence must be promptly report to the responsible personnel, and appealed to the local veterinary environment caused prefectur 5 bureau, by the inspection departments for confirmation. es and Township infected 5、The infected dead animals must be disposed by the responsible household with the assistance of counties, environment dead project local vet administrative department； Regarding any suspected seriously infected case or the comprehensive animals townshi suspected human-animal infection case, anatomy must be banned, and the dead infected animals administrative ps, must be buried deeply; department project 6、Any infected dead animal must be recorded for reference. If the anatomy is needed for the dead villages animals, it must clearly keep all relevant records; 7、Because this proposed project would be implemented in rural area, most animals would be scattered in feeding, which is ineligible of burning if it is dead. Thus, the deeply filling of the dead cattle will be a safe way in disposal. Under this proposed project, it must set more than one burying wells. After each dropping of the dead animal body into the well, it must cover the lime with the thickness over 10cm. After the filled well is full, it must be compacted and sealed with sticky earth.

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h a s e s P Main Mitigation measures Cost Executo Supervisors negative Ordinary prevention measures: estimati rs impact 1、It should separate animal breeding zone and local residents. Animal shed must be sterilized, with on 0000’ the application of medicine in high efficiency and less stimulation. The ground can use 2% sodium yuan hydroxide solution or 0.5% peracetic acid for disinfection; 2、It strictly control the non-workers come into animal feeding zone. Work uniform and shoes must be put on and sterilized by passing the disinfection house for anyone if the entry must happen; 3、Workers who are responsible for feeding animals have to make a health check at least once a Poverty reductio year. If any suspicious cases which might be infected by animal or human being is identified, it Agriculture & n center should timely take the measure of isolation for the prevention of spreading; animal in Public 4、It should timely keep animal shed cleaning, leveling, drying, without contaminants (such as husbandry province health bricks, stones, waste of fuel, wasted plastic bags etc); bureau, County , impact 、 environment 5 At the spring and autumn every year, it should respectively take once health check and trim the prefectur caused 10 bureau, whole foot of animal. The cattle which have suffered from the limb hoof disease should be timely es and by the Township treated. During the breakout season of Limb hoof disease, it should spray the foot of cattle with 5% counties, epidemic environment copper sulfate solution s 2 times a week, in order to reduce the happening of the limb hoof disease. project disease comprehensive Regarding the cattle herds which highly suffer from the limb hoof disease, great attention should be townshi administrative paid to the status of the whole cattle herds; ps, department 6、It is forbidden to breed by ball sperm, which might suffers from the genetic fail of the disease; project 7、To periodically check the ingredients of each forage to ordinary exam, adjust and balance the villages nutrients of forage, especially during the incidence of limb hoof disease amounts over 15%; 8、Prepare for brucellosis regular inspection, to guarantee the health of the flock. Sheep can be randomly 2% a year to monitor brucella disease by bicolor antigen flat condensation reaction. Vaccination for the immunization of goat would be planned and organized conducted, to prevent and control the spreading of infectious diseases. 9、Insecticide and pesticide regularly, by the integration of spray, oral, injection etc;

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h a s e s P Main Mitigation measures Cost Executo Supervisors negative The emergency action when epidemic diseases breakouts: estimati rs impact 1、It should establish diseases prevention working group immediately, for quick and accurate on 0000’ diagnosis, and quickly report to the diseases administrative sector; yuan 2、Rapid isolation is needed, to block the infected area where should be sterilized. The elimination of isolation only could be conducted when the last infected cattle have been cured, or there is not any new incidence of the disease identified for two latent terms after slaughter. Only large scale disinfection has been taken, and report approved by the above administrative department after the submission, the block could be dismissed. 3、Regarding the seriously infected animal and the animals blocked, it should take a comprehensive prevention method and measure, including emergency vaccination, antibiotic therapy, the specificity of the higher serum free therapy, chemotherapy, the adjuvant therapy enhancing physical and physiological function of animals etc; 4、The dead infected animals should be properly disposal by strictly following the instructions of epidemic disease prevention; 5、During the heavy epidemic diseases breakouts, it most strictly executive the relevant regulation required in The Emergence Actions for Key Major Animal Epidemic, and The Technical Specification for the Settlement of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak. Poverty reductio Agriculture & n center animal Project village should actively contact local drugstores or other vendors to sell the animal placenta in husbandry The as health care products or nutrient medicines. On one hand, it could increase income for household, province bureau, County impact on the other hand, it would greatly reduce the environment contamination; If temporary, the vendors ,prefectu environment of animal placenta have not yet contracted, it should bury the animal placenta referring the disposal 1.5 res and bureau, animal measures for the dead infected cattle. Before selling the animal placenta, it should conduct relevant counties, Township placenta exam, so as to avoid the harmfulness to human health which might be caused by bacteria, viruses project environment and other organisms. townshi comprehensive ps, administrative project department villages

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h a s e s P Main Mitigation measures Cost Executo Supervisors negative estimati rs Local impact 1、To enhance the management measures； on 0000’ environment 2、It should adopt necessary sound isolation measure indoor of animal shed, such as the installation yuan protection Poverty of sound breaking windows and doors etc; bureau, Noise reductio 、 2 pollution 3 For the transportation vehicles, it should be equipped with the required facilities to prevent the n center Social scattering of goods during transportation；And should make the transportation route and schedule in in supervision by advance, to avoid passing the sensitive area such as driving in front of the prosperous area and province the surrounding residential buildings. ,prefectu communities res and Local 1、It would mainly focus on rearing animals in pens, and currently, the supply of artificial forage counties, environment project could basically meet the demand； protection townshi 2、It would take the straw of maize as the forage feeding sheet and cattle. Animal waste could be bureau, Ecologic ps, 2 impact applied in soil as organic fertilizer so as to improve the fertility of soil, which would generate a fine project Social ecological recycling, and be good for the agriculture development； villages supervision by 3、Single variety of the grass would reduce the biodiversity, it suggests to extend the rotational the surrounding pasturing in order to improve the yield of grass and reduce the incidence of disease and pests; communities Poverty reductio

1、Fly, mosquito, especial the pig excrement in the nursery should be cleaned up, collected and n center Local sterilized. It could wipe out the maggots of flies by spraying strain pesticides. In addition, it suggests in environment setting a great number of electronic eliminators of flies, electronic eliminators of mosquito etc. It also province protection Harmful requires to timely sweep the water accumulated on the ground, and to spray the environmental ,prefectu bureau, organis friendly pesticides at the presence of the landscape pool. 1 res and ms 2. At the site where the rat frequented, it will set mousetrap and promptly remove dead rat. The rat counties, Social poison would be put around the feed warehouse of pigs and other facilities twice a month, but should project supervision by pay attention to avoid the contamination of feed. The living and production sewage would be cleaned townshi the surrounding up timely, so as to maintain the cleanness of external environment. ps, communities project villages

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Table 8.2-7 Mitigation Measures of EI for the Processing of Chinese Medicine Herbs Cost Main estimatio Phase negative Mitigation / protection measures n（0000’ Executor Supervisor impact yuan） Air 1、To filter the dust, particles in the air by using the filter, and to enhance ventilation environment 3 in workshop by placing exhaust fan. Poverty reduction impact Local environment center in province, 1、It will adopt the countercurrent washing technology to firstly clean up the raw protection bureau; prefectures and material. Firstly, to clean up the equipment by using scraper cleaning device and the Supervised by the Water counties, project broom, followed by water washing, while reducing the transmission of waste surrounding environment 6 townships, project moisture. communities impact villages 2、It will construct sedimentation tank, grilled pool, regulating pond, hydrolysis pond etc to conduct pretreatment to the living sewage and washed waste water. 1 It will enhance the greening of the factory campus by the plantation of tall broad-leaved trees in order to beautify the environment. As for the measures of reducing noise, it would procure the equipment with lower noise and take the Poverty reduction Local environment measures of sound insulation, noise elimination, sound absorption, vibration center in province, Sound protection bureau; isolation. prefectures and environment 3 Supervised by the 2、All types of machinery and equipment will be installed in indoor. The EA counties, project

impact surrounding townships, project requires selecting the equipment with lower noise and needs to install the base of communities vibration reduction at the bottom of the machine, and install sound insulation door villages and window in workshop as well as the factory building sound insulation to naturally reduce the noise. 1、In order to reduce the lose caused by the ruined material, it will shorten the storage period of the material in the storage. Poverty reduction 2、In order to reduce the quantity of the organic waste and the off-grade raw Local environment center in province, Solid waste protection bureau; material accumulated inside the factory, it will conduct the cleaning, screening and prefectures and environment 1.5 Supervised by the classification of raw materials at the early stage of processing (such in the farms). counties, project impact surrounding 3、The unqualified raw materials will be collected and used for the production of townships, project communities other products. It will seal and pack the collected solid waste and liquid waste, and villages separately place the by-products of each product and isolate them from the wastes,

The whole process of the industry. the of process whole The in order to maximize the effects and minimize the waste.

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8.3 Environment management training plan

8.3.1 The objectives of environment protection

It plans to conduct training activities focusing on the relevant environment protection knowledge and skill training to project management staff of all levels and project households, farmers’ cooperates, to enable them fully understand the positive and negative impact caused by the implementation of project. The plans, measures and relevant operation techniques proposed in EMP would enable them to carefully follow the guards and accurately executive the implementation of environment protection policies.

The training on environment protection would target the trainees including three categories of management training to the management staff from province, county, county, and technical staff of project construction technician, project construction supervisor, agriculture technician, and farmers and workers etc.

8.3.2 Environmental protection plan

The environment training would be concentrated starting from the beginning of project implementation, and continued by integrating it with other project activities, rather than individually，so as to ensure all project participants could fully understand their responsibility on environment protection, and better understand the ration of the executive EMP and the important role played by EMP for ensuring a long term economic growth and healthy development.

The training on improving environment protection awareness should include project management staff from PMOs, project households, to enable them better understand the evaluation of environment impact, EMP and the positive influence to the their livelihood affected by the project implementation. The training plan is clearly specified in table 8.3-1.

Table 8.3-1 Training Plan to Environment Protection Staff Cost Quantity Period Trainee Training activities and content (0000 （person） (day) yuan) The Relevant laws, regulations, code etc on environment 5 person responsible protection specified by the WB and Chinese each chiefs, government. counties, 5 4.5 Environment Environment protection and impact mitigation totally 80 management measures, including the positive and negative impact persons

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and technical caused by project implementation, environment staff in PMOs protection regulations, the organization, of municipal, implementation and supervision of environment county in management. project area The principle, plan and implementation of the pests and disease management plan, the dosage of pesticide and application method etc The planning and implementation of environment monitoring, including the setting of monitoring sites, the selection of monitoring indicators and the determination of monitoring frequency. Environment protection and impact mitigation measures, including the positive and negative impact The caused by project implementation, environment responsible protection regulations, the organization, chiefs, implementation and supervision of environment 2persons per Environment management. township， 4 8.16 management The pests and diseases management plan and its totally and technical implementation 112person staff in The planning and implementation of environment township PMO monitoring, including the setting of monitoring sites, the selection of monitoring indicators and the determination of monitoring frequency. Environment protection and impact mitigation measures, including the positive and negative impact caused by project implementation, environment protection regulations, the organization, implementation and supervision of environment management. The The pests and diseases management plan and its responsible implementation chiefs, 2persons The planning and implementation of environment Environment each village, monitoring, including the setting of monitoring sites, 4 25.08 management Totally 480 the selection of monitoring indicators and the and technical persons determination of monitoring frequency. staff in project Animal shed design and the planning of the villages prevention of animal waste pollution Fine variety breeding techniques, fertilization management plan. The preparation and edition of environment management report, environment supervision report, and environment monitoring report etc. The mitigation measures during project construction 2 persons in Contractors, specified in EMP, integrated in the training on each project 2～3 chiefs and environment protection and on-job training for construction days environment security etc. period protection staff 5 2 persons in on-site of the Easy monitoring methods and mitigation method to each project 2～3 project the noise pollution in project construction period construction construction. (self testing). days period The relevant measures and requirement specified in 1-2 persons in each EMP；relevant environment protection laws, 2～3 Supervision project construction plan, the detailed supervision regulation days 3 engineers construction etc. period The techniques on environment air monitoring and 2 persons in 2～3

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mitigation measures, the techniques on noise each project days monitoring and mitigation measure. construction period Project owner/project All contents mentioned above, measures specified in 100 persons operator and EMP taken in project operation period，and the 2～3 （primary 4 environment operation of environment protection facilities and the days estimation） management maintenance. staff EMP and the implantation of EMP for individual 692 persons Individual household in the implementation of cropping and （primary 7days 15 farmers animal raising. estimation） Total / / 64.74

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8.4 Environment Monitoring Plan

8.4.1 The objectives of environment monitoring

Environment monitoring should be respectively conducted during project construction period and operation period, with the objectives to timely and dynamically control the trends of pollution caused by the proposed project, and learn the extent of environment quality changes, the scope of impact in project construction period and the dynamic changes of environment quality in project operation period in project area. These monitoring data and results will be timely submitted to the environment administrative department, which would provide the scientific base for the environment management of the project.

8.4.2 Environment monitoring institute

During the project implementation period and operation period, the environment monitoring would be conducted by local environment monitoring stations located in project prefectures or cities entrusted by the project contractors or project operators. These environment monitoring stations should be certificated by the National Environment Quality Monitoring Institute, equipped with advanced technical equipment and technology, and should be capable to undertake the monitoring tasks for this proposed project. Based on the projected results of environment impact, it would take the sensitive sites where are possible significantly polluted as the monitoring sites, to track and monitor the contamination situation in project area during project implementation period and operation period. The monitoring contents the monitoring of noise, air environment and ground water, which might have significant environment impact. Monitoring indicators will be decided in according to the characteristics of contamination of the project. It will adopt the monitoring and analysis methods identified in the Specifications of Environment Monitoring Technology issued by the National Environment Protection Bureau. The evaluation criteria will take the nationally recognized standard of EA for all project activities. 8.4.3 Environment monitoring plan

Environment monitoring will be respectively conducted during project construction period and operation period, with the objectives to timely and dynamically control the trends of pollution caused

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The focuses of environment impact monitoring for this proposed project are the monitoring to water quality, environment noise and environment air. The ordinary monitoring includes the integration of the monitoring at the fixed sites and the non-fixed sites, the regular monitoring and irregular monitoring. Monitoring institutes should be the local environment monitoring station or the qualified and certificated environment monitoring institutes. PPMO will be the responsible unit and the county environment protection bureaus in all project counties will be the supervision agencies.

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Table 8.4-1 Environment Monitoring Plan in Gansu Project Area Estimation Monitoring Monitoring Responsible Monitoring indicator Monitoring site Monitoring agency 0000’ items frequency part yuan Municipal agriculture Poverty The 1st, 3rd and 6th environment monitoring reduction Soil erosion modulus, Respectively set one monitoring site in the new plantation Soil erosion year during project station, water and soil center in 4.5 runoff area of Weiyuan county, Huachi county, Longxi county, implementation, and erosion monitoring province, Heshui county and Zhangjiachuan county once a year station prefecture

PH, Dissolved oxygen Poverty The 2nd, 5th year (do) , COD BOD Respectively set one monitoring site at the sewage outfalls Municipal and county reduction Water Cr, 5, during project NH -N, total coliform from animal raising farms in（Huanxian county, Minxian environment monitoring center in 4.8 contamination 3 implementation, and bacteria, SS（Suspended county, Tongwei county, Gulang county and Lintao county） stations province, once a year solids） prefecture Chroma, PH, Dissolved Municipal and county oxygen (do) , COD Respectively set one monitoring site where would newly Poverty Drinking Cr, The 1st, 3rd and 6th environment monitoring BOD NH -N, total implement drinking water supply project and ,in Huanchi, reduction water for 5, 3 year during project stations, municipal and coliform bacteria, Odor Huanxian and Gulang 3 counties, and individually set one center in 7.2 human and implementation, and county health and and taste, total hardness, monitoring site where would mewly implement water province, animal once a year epidemic disease nitrate, total number of cistern construction project prefecture prevention station bacteria Chromaticity and Municipal environment Poverty The 1st, 3rd and 6th turbidity, odor and taste, To respectively set on monitoring site near wells where monitoring stations, reduction Underground year during project pH, total hardness, nitrate, newly have more household raising animals in Dongxian municipal health and center in 10 water implementation, and total number of bacteria, county, Gulang county and Anding district epidemic disease province, once a year total coliforms prevention station prefecture Total 26.5

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8.4.4 Environment Monitoring Report

This proposed project is designed with large-scaled investment, comprehensively covering large area with various e project activities. The implementation of the proposed project would generate a long term, potential and uncertain impacts to the environment elements of ground water, vegetation, soil and land utilization, energy supply and social economy etc. Thus, it needs to take monitoring actions during the period of project design, project implementation and operation, to assess the actual impacts caused by project implementation and track the dynamic negative impact and influence caused by project implementation, in order to provide a reliable basis for environment monitoring, counterpart measures study and environment management in the different phases of project.

Environment monitoring stations located in project counties, prefectures or the Provincial Agriculture Environment Protection and Monitoring Station would be contracted by project counties to undertake the relevant monitoring tasks. It plans to take the monitoring and analysis method identified in the Specifications of Environment Monitoring Technology issued by the State Environment Protection Bureau and the methods used in the classified monitoring technology, following the criteria of the identified national standard in EA. During the period of project construction, the environment impacts mainly include the pollution of noise, floating dust, waste water etc. The living sewage generated during project construction will be treated at the surrounding houses septic tank before to be discharged into sewage pipeline. Because of the influence of construction period is short, by strengthening the environment management during project implementation, it could avoid the problem of environmental pollution. The involved pollution factors such as TSP (total suspended particulate matter), SS (suspended solids), petroleum, noise etc, all visually and sensually noticed, could be controlled by taking environment monitoring, supervision and mitigation measures conducted by environment supervision department in project period. Thus, the main monitoring tasks for this proposed project will take place in project operation period. The main project activities cover cropping, livestock breeding, agro-products process etc. The monitoring scope for this proposed project contains the project villages, project townships in 16 project counties .PPMO would periodically compile Project Monitoring Report, including the main monitoring items, monitoring indicators and monitoring frequency etc. PMOs would arrange the designated staffs who have received training on environment

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monitoring and management to randomly conduct check and supervision, in order to identify the potential problems in advance and find proper solution. The ordinary monitoring activities include: to conduct noise monitoring at project sites and the selected sensitive sites by taking the portable instrument. By visual observation, to check the negative environment impact caused by project implementation, eg. It happen a serious water and soil erosion etc. Regarding the implementation progress on environment mitigation measures, training activities, data collection and conclusion etc, county PMO would be responsible for the supervision, collection and summary during the ordinary route work, which would be periodically submitted to PPMO. PPMO would be responsible for drafting the general project progress report on environment management, and periodically submit to the central PMO, then finally submit to the WB.

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9 Conclusions Based on the comprehensive assessment of EA, it has been approved that the selection of the project sites and the general layout of the proposed project is rational. The positive impact caused to agriculture ecological system plays a dominant role rather than its negative impact. And its irreversible environment impact is small and most of the negative impacts could be mitigated or eliminated by the implementation of the proposed environment protection measures. In addition, the selected project area will not involve the location of natural reserves, the protection area of rare animals etc, and also will not impact its local culture relics while fully respect local ethnic minority custom. The pollution mitigation measures proposed in the PIP is technically feasible, economically rational, and consistent with the requirements in the relevant national and local planning. During project construction, it should strictly follow the regulations of “3 simultaneous” in environment prevention, and strictly carry out the national or local standard of discharging relevant pollutants, so as to firmly implement all suggestions of mitigation measures proposed in addition to meet the concrete requirement from the EA. By enhancing the environment management during project implementation period, it would minimize the degree of all kinds of environment impacts including dust, noise, to be an acceptable level in project implementation period. It shows that from the point view of environment protection, this proposed project is environmental friendly feasible.

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