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Evaluation Cover Afghanistan.Indd External Evaluation Humanitarian support to vulnerable households in the most water and sanitation scarce and cold regions of Afghanistan Funded by ECHO Sarah House, August 2011 Th is report is commissioned by Action Against Hunger | ACF International. Th e comments contained herein refl ect the opinions of the Evaluator only. Acknowledgements Sincere thanks to the men and women of the communities in Du Layna District and the ACF staff from both Du Layna and Shahrak Districts of Ghor Province for travelling to Chaghcharan and Du Layna at short notice and in an unstable security situation, to be able to contribute their experiences and views on the ACF supported WASH projects as part of the evaluation. Thanks also to the representatives of the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (Ghor), Voices of Women Organisation (Ghor), UNICEF (Kabul), OXFAM-GB (Kabul) and Women for Women (Kabul) for their contributions through meetings or email. And final thanks to all of the ACF WASH and other team members in Ghor Province, Kabul, Paris, London and elsewhere, for their support throughout the evaluation including sharing project details, discussing ideas, providing logistics and translation and their general hospitality. All of the above efforts and contributions were particularly valued because the evaluation occurred during Ramadan and in the week just before Eid, but everyone still made their best effort to ensure that the evaluation could be as effective as possible. It should be noted that the views expressed in this evaluation are those of the evaluator alone. Photographs: All photographs included in this report have been provided by the ACF WASH team in Ghor Province. Acronyms & Terminology Acronyms ACBAR Agency Co-ordinating Body for Afghan Relief ACF Action Contre La Faim ANDMA Afghan National Disaster Management Authority ANDS Afghan National Reconstruction Strategy (2008-2013) AOG Armed Opposition Group ARTF Afghan Reconstruction Trust Fund (pooled funding mechanism) CDC Community Development Committee (used under the NSP) CHP Community Hygiene Promoter CRS Catholic Relief Services GPS Global Positioning System MoWA Ministry of Women‟s Affairs MHM Menstruation Hygiene Management MoE Ministry of Education MoPH Ministry of Public Health MRRD Ministry of Rural Relief and Development NCSA National Civil Society Assembly NSP National Solidarity Programme UNAMA UN Assistance Mission to Afghanistan UNICEF United Nations Children‟s Fund VWO Voice of Women‟s Organisation WASH Water, Sanitation & Hygiene WC Water Committee WFWI Women for Women International Terminology Karazes Traditional water channels from springs with intermittent vertical wells Shura Governing body of a village / leaders Welayats Provinces Mahram Male relative acting as guardian for an Afgani woman 2 Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................................... 2 ACRONYMS & TERMINOLOGY.......................................................................................................................... 2 CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. 5 2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 CONTEXT.................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 OBJECTIVES AND RESULTS OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................ 7 3. TERMS OF REFERENCE AND METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................... 8 3.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE, METHODOLOGY AND SCHEDULE FOR THE EVALUATION .......................................................... 8 3.2 LIMITATIONS ............................................................................................................................................... 8 4. FINDINGS & DISCUSSIONS ........................................................................................................................ 9 4.1 STRUCTURE OF FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION SECTION ............................................................................................ 9 4.2 GENDER, SECURITY, REMOTE MONITORING AND VULNERABLE GROUPS ................................................................. 10 4.2.1 Gender and programme design .................................................................................................... 10 4.2.2 Security in Ghor Province .............................................................................................................. 16 4.2.3 Remote monitoring ....................................................................................................................... 16 4.2.4 Targeting of vulnerable groups ..................................................................................................... 19 4.3 IMPACT .................................................................................................................................................... 22 4.4 ACTIVITIES AND COVERAGE .......................................................................................................................... 22 4.4.1 Population and villages ................................................................................................................. 22 4.4.2 Selection of project villages .......................................................................................................... 23 4.4.3 KAP survey before and after the project ....................................................................................... 24 4.4.4 Planned activities and those reported to be completed ............................................................... 25 4.5 RELEVANCE / APPROPRIATENESS AND EFFECTIVENESS ........................................................................................ 26 4.5.1 Water supply ................................................................................................................................. 26 4.5.2 Excreta disposal ............................................................................................................................ 28 4.5.3 Hygiene promotion ....................................................................................................................... 29 4.4.4 School hygiene and sanitation ...................................................................................................... 31 4.5.5 Winter kit ...................................................................................................................................... 32 4.6 COHERENCE .............................................................................................................................................. 32 4.8 EFFICIENCY ............................................................................................................................................... 33 4.9 SUSTAINABILITY ......................................................................................................................................... 33 4.10 OTHER CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES ..................................................................................................................... 34 4.10.1 Environment .................................................................................................................................. 34 5. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................. 35 5.1 SWOT AND SCORING OF PROJECT VERSUS DAC CRITERIA .................................................................................. 35 5.2 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS – IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROGRAMME ............................................... 37 5.1.1 Gender, vulnerability ..................................................................................................................... 37 5.1.2 Water supply ................................................................................................................................. 37 5.1.3 Excreta disposal ............................................................................................................................ 38 5.1.4 Hygiene promotion ....................................................................................................................... 38 5.1.4 School water, sanitation and hygiene promotion ......................................................................... 39 5.1.6 Winter kit ...................................................................................................................................... 39 5.3 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS – MANAGEMENT................................................................................. 40 5.4 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS – ACF INTERNATIONALLY ..................................................................... 41 5.5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS – ECHO AND OTHER DONORS ............................................................... 41 3 ANNEXES ......................................................................................................................................................
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