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6 Expected Environmental Impacts Road Department of the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure Public Disclosure Authorized of Georgia (RD MRDIG) Environmental Impact Assessment of works for upgrading E-60 East-West Highway section between Ruisi and Agara West (km 95 to km 114) (Contract Number TEWHIP/CS/QCBS-07) Public Disclosure Authorized Draft Report December 2011 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 2 . Road Department of the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia (RD MRDIG) Environmental Impact Assessment of works for upgrading E-60 East- West Highway section between Ruisi and Agara West (km 95 to km 114) (Contract Number TEWHIP/CS/QCBS-07) Draft Report December 2011 . C:\Users\wb20592\AppData\Local\Temp\notesD87F5D\~4261004.docx 0 Environmental Impact Assessment of works for upgrading E-60 East -West Highway section between Ruisi and Agara West (km 95 to km 114) List of Acronyms EA Environmental Assessment EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EWH East - West Highway FS Feasibility Study HSE Health, Safety, Environment HS Health and Safety GIS Geographic Information System GoG Government of Georgia HGV Heavy Goods Vehicle KP Kilometre Post MCMP Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection MESD Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Devel- opment of Georgia N/A Not applicable NKUK Nippon Koei UK MLHSA Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs NGO Non-Governmental Organization OP/BP 4.01 World Banks Operational Policy on Envi ronmental Assessment QC/QA Quality Control and Quality Assurance RAP Resettlement Action Plan RD Road Department of the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia MoE Ministry of Environment Protection MRDIG Ministry of Regional Development and Infra structure of Georgia RBG Red Book of Georgia Protected Species RD Roads Department RDMRDIG Roads Department of the Ministry of Re- gional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia RoW Right of Way SEP Stakeholder Engagement Plan TEM Trans-European Motorway ToR Terms of Reference WB The World Bank WHO World Health Organisation . C:\Users\wb20592\AppData\Local\Temp\notesD87F5D\~4261004.docx Environmental Impact Assessment of works for upgrading E-60 East -West Highway section between Ruisi and Agara (km 95 to km 114) Table of contents 1 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY 1 2 INTRODUCTION 12 3 LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK 14 3.1 Overview of Georgian environmental legislation and WB policy 14 3.2 Road construction related regulations 19 3.3 Permitting procedure – national and WB regulations 20 3.4 Comparison of the national legislation and WB requirements 21 3.5 Institutional Framework 22 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 24 4.1 Background 24 4.2 Road elements and construction technology 25 4.2.1 Structural elements of the designed road 25 4.2.2 Design parameters of the road 29 4.2.3 Pavement 29 4.3 Project alternatives 34 4.4 Traffic volume 36 4.5 Project components and implementation schedule 37 4.6 Road construction phase 37 4.6.1 Mobilization 38 4.6.2 Onsite works 41 4.6.3 Off-site works 41 4.6.4 Support Facilities and Services 42 5 BASELINE DATA 43 5.1 Physical conditions 43 5.1.1 Climate and meteorology 43 5.1.2 Geology 46 5.1.3 Geomorphology 46 5.1.4 Hydrology 47 5.1.5 Hydrogeology 49 5.1.6 Landscape and land use 50 5.1.7 Soils 51 5.1.8 Air quality 52 5.1.9 Noise 53 5.1.10 Seismic conditions and hazardous processes 54 5.2 Biological environment 55 5.2.1 Flora 55 5.2.2 Fauna 57 5.2.3 Protected areas 61 5.3 The socioeconomic and cultural environment 61 5.3.1 The human environment 61 5.3.2 Historical and archaeological sites 63 6 EXPECTED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 66 6.1 Introduction 66 6.2 Impacts on water resources 67 6.2.1 Water impact assessment: road construction 69 6.2.2 Water impact assessment: road operation 71 6.3 Waste management 72 6.3.1 Waste: road construction 72 6.3.2 Waste: road operation 74 6.4 Impacts on air quality 74 . C:\Users\wb20592\AppData\Local\Temp\notesD87F5D\~4261004.docx Environmental Impact Assessment of works for upgrading E-60 East -West Highway section between Ruisi and Agara (km 95 to km 114) 6.4.1 Air pollution impact assessment: road construction 74 6.4.2 Air pollution impact assessment: road operation 75 6.4.3 Impacts on climate 80 6.5 Impacts on the noise environment 82 6.5.1 Noise and vibration impact assessment: road construction 82 6.5.2 Modelling of long-term noise levels: road operation 84 6.5.3 Recommended measures for noise level reduction 91 6.6 Impacts on flora and fauna 92 6.6.1 Flora and fauna impact assessment: road construction 98 6.6.2 Flora and fauna impact assessment: road operation 102 6.7 Impacts on geology 103 6.7.1 Geology impact assessment: road construction 103 6.7.2 Geology impact assessment: road operation 104 6.8 Impacts on soils 104 6.8.1 Soil impact assessment: road construction 105 6.8.2 Soil impact assessment: road operation 107 6.9 Impacts on the landscape 107 6.10 Socio-economic impacts 109 6.10.1 Socio-economic impact assessment: road construction 109 6.10.2 Socio-economic impact assessment: road operation 117 6.11 Historical-cultural impacts 117 6.12 Protected territories 118 7 MITIGATION MEASURES 119 8 COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERRED OPTION 120 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) 123 9.1 Environmental management framework and policy 123 9.2 Institutional framework and environmental administration 124 9.3 Summary of anticipated environmental impacts 125 9.4 Environmental management and monitoring 131 9.5 Monitoring, implementation 143 9.6 Reporting 144 9.7 Remedies for EMP violation 144 10 STAKEHOLDERS' CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE 145 11 REFERENCES 146 1 ANNEX - POLLUTION DISPERSION MAPS 149 1.1 Dispersion of CO, NO2 and PM10 concentrations for "zero" alternative 150 1.2 Dispersion of CO, NO2 and PM10 concentrations for Project alternative 1 160 1.3 Dispersion of CO, NO2 and PM10 concentrations for Project alternative 2 170 2 ANNEX - NOISE DISPERSION MAPS 176 2.1 Maps of noise dispersion near inhabitated areas for the "zero" alternative 177 2.2 Maps of noise dispersion near inhabitated areas for the Project alternative 1 180 2.3 Maps of noise dispersion near inhabitated areas for the Project alternative 2 183 2.4 Mitigation: installing noise barriers 192 2.4.1. Noise barrier along roads section from 95 km to 96.2 km 192 2.4.2. Noise barriers along roads section from 97.4 km to 98.7 km 195 2.4.3. Noise barriers along roads section from 103.3 km to 104.7 km 200 2.4.4. Noise barrier near Agara 205 3 ANNEX – LEAFLET AND MINUTES OF THE MEETING 208 . C:\Users\wb20592\AppData\Local\Temp\notesD87F5D\~4261004.docx 1 Environmental Impact Assessment of works for upgrading E-60 East -West Highway section between Ruisi and Agara West (km 95 to km 114) 1 Non-technical summary Introduction The Georgian Government has embarked on a programme to upgrade the major roads of the country, managed by the Roads Department (RD) of the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure. The initial studies are focused on E-60 East-West Highway (EWH), which is the main route from the neighbour- ing Azerbaijan and Russia, with connections to Turkey and Armenia. Georgian government with its own budget completed the upgrade of the first 15 km of the E60 from outside of Tbilisi at Natakhtari to Agaiani. In 2006, International Development Association (IDA) approved the First East-West Highway Improvement Project (First EWHIP), to upgrade the next section on the E60 Highway from Agaiani to Igoeti (about 13 km) and additional financ- ing for reconstruction of the Rikoti tunnel. Second East-West Highway Im- provement Project (Second EWHIP) prolonged the upgrade from Igoeti to Sve- neti, a segment of about 24 km, and was also funded by World Bank. Third East-West Highway Improvement Project (TEWHIP) aimed on upgrading the next consecutive section of the E60 East-West Highway from Sveneti to Ruisi (15 km). Additional financing (under TEWHIP) has been sought from the World Bank for upgrading of road segment of 19 km from Ruisi to Agara West, located at 95-114 km north-west of the capital Tbilisi. Preliminary work on this section began with a Feasibility Study (FS) and a stra- tegic environmental and social study. A Feasibility Study (FS) was conducted by Kocks Consult between December 2008 and August 2009 and an environ- mental and social study was carried out by Nippon Koei UK (NKUK) between March and August 2009, including a Regional Environmental Assessment. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was prepared in compliance with the provisions of the Georgian environmental legislation, with the pertinent World Bank (WB) policies and procedures. The objectives of the EIA are to (i) identify potential negative and positive environmental impacts of the different alternatives considered; (ii) provide technical information and recommenda- tions to help select and design the best alternative; (iii) prepare an Environ- mental Management Plan (EMP) including a mitigation program, a monitoring plan, a description of institutional arrangements; a program of technical as- . C:\Users\wb20592\AppData\Local\Temp\notesD87F5D\~4261004.docx 2 Environmental Impact Assessment of works for upgrading E-60 East -West Highway section between Ruisi and Agara West (km 95 to km 114) sistance; and iv) provide mechanisms for public participation and disclosure in accordance with the applicable legal and procedural provisions.
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