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Magna Carta : a 800 Years Journey

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Magna Carta : a 800 Years Journey Magna Carta : A 800 Years Journey From Unfettering Chains to Free Flight Magna Carta A 800 Years Journey From Unfettering Chains to Free Flight Conceived and Compiled by Dr. Jyoti Marwah Principal Editors Dr. Usha Karunakaran Dr. Fatima Shaikh HOD, Dept of Zoology and HOD, Dept of Languages and Coordinator (Science) Coordinator (Language Lab) Ms. Snehal Patil HOD, Dept of Commerce and Coordinator (Commerce) KLE Society’s College of Science and Commerce Kalamboli, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra Bharti Publications New Delhi-110002 Copyright © KLE Society’s College of Science and Commerce, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. However, data may be taken as reference for research work only limited to non-commercial/non- profit purpose. First Published, 2016 ISBN : 978-93-85000-51-5 Magna Carta : A 800 Years Journey From Unfettering Chains To Free Flight Printed in India: Published by Onkar Bharti BHARTI PUBLICATIONS 4819/24, 3rd Floor, Ansari Road Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110002 Mobile : +91-989-989-7381 E-mail : [email protected] [email protected] Website : www.bhartipublications.com Board of Management 1. Dr. Prabhakar B. Kore, M.P. Chairman 2. Shri Ashok G. Bagewadi, B.A. B.Com. Vice-Chairman 3. Shri Mahantesh M. Kavatagimath Member 4. Shri Amit P. Kore, B.E.M.B.A. Member 5. Shri Shrishailappa Channappa Metgud, B.Com. Member 6. Shri Jayanand M. Munavalli Member 7. Shri Shankaranna Ishwarappa Munavalli Member 8. Shri Basavaraj R. Patil, B.A. Member 9. Dr. Vishwanath I. Patil, M.B.B.S. Member 10. Shri Y.S.Patil, M.A.KAS (Rtd) Member 11. Shri Anil Vijayabasappa Patted, B.Com. Member 12. Dr. Virupaxi S. Sadhunavar, M.B.B.S. Member 13. Shri Shivanand D. Shiragave, M.A.B.Ed. Member 14. Dr. Mahadev T. Kurani, M.Sc.Ph.D. Member 15. Dr. Sudha A. Raddi, M.Sc. (N), M.Phil., Ph. D. Member Review Panel Dr. Anita Jadhav HOD, Dept of Zoology and Head, Zoology Research Centre, ICLES’ M.J. College, Vashi, Navi Mumbai Ms Kawaljeet Kaur Department of Chemistry, ICLES’ M.J. College, Vashi, Navi Mumbai Ms Tejashree Bandekar PG Faulty, History, ICLES’ M.J. College, Vashi, Navi Mumbai Dr. Jyoti Marwah Principal, KLE Society's College of Science and Commerce, Kalamboli, Navi Mumbai Prologue Magna Carta: A 800 Years Journey From Unfettering Chains to Free Flight The book has been conceived as an inter-disciplinary publication to commemorate hundred years of Karnatak Lingayat Education Society’s role and contribution to the cause of Higher and Technical Education with a focus on Medical education and health care. This parallels with the 800 years of Man’s invigorating history and movements from physical and mental subversion to a world of free thought and action. From the early beginnings of New Learning to the challenging world of Information Communication Technology this publication compiles original thoughts on diverse facets which delve deep into an academic discussion on Man's intellectual, social, political and economic flight in the last eight hundred years. It traces this jouney ever since ‘Magna Carta’ — The Great Charter of Liberties - the first of its kind, marked the beginning of constitutional government in Britain in 1215. It had granted to the people their rights and freedom to question the king on several issues confronting them. It had then become a part of English political life. Thus marking Britain the ‘Mother of Parliamentary Democracy’ and was probably one of the reasons for the beginning of the Parliaments increased role in the political, social, educational and economic life of the nation. The earlier works by Virgil, Ovid, Cicero and Seneca remained to be the bench mark of classical learning during the High Middle Ages. Renaissance had reawakened the people to bring dramatic changes by questioning religion and religious dogmas and unfair impositions of taxes. Church dominated intellectual and cultural life, underwent a change as society was now controlled by central political institutions which prioritized urban and commercial economy patronized by society elites for popularizing ‘New Learning’. Liberal rulers and representative governments introduced new curriculums in schools and colleges which were not based on religion alone. Art, Literature, Science and Aesthetics changed the frontiers of human thinking. Study of the subjects of human interest led to the development of humanities thereby promoting secularism and individualism thus giving birth to the concept of ‘Modern Humanity’. The Transformed World The American Revolution, the French Revolution, the Agricultural Revolution, the Intellectual Revolution were followed by the Industrial Revolution in the West. Colonial subjugation of the East introduced the world to the western concepts of democracy and communism which further viii transformed with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the General Assembly of the UNO in 1948. This in totality changed the world dramatically and since then there has been no stopping. Science and Technology have drawn new frontiers in human history being both constructive and destructive. Information and Communication Technology combined with the Transportation Revolution has made life unimaginably progressive and fast but equally stressful. Social media has engineered the process of mass inclusion and mainstreaming people by removing all taboos and social restrictions that had traditionally divided people. Globalisation reduced barriers to trans-world contacts and brought the world so close to each other so as to become ‘One World One Family’. Unfortunately, this close proximity to each other removed all formalities and barriers resulting in the dissolution of respect and tolerance for each other, to include the lost respect for Mother Nature and her bounties. Now Man is struggling to prevent the back lash as the fury of climate change with rising global temperature is a growing concern and can become the very cause of his own destruction. The Millennium Development Goals, The Sustainable Development Goals and Earth Summits are making desperate efforts to find ways to prevent or may be postpone the oncoming devastation. Will these worrisome concerns lead to a reversal? For, for how long can Man and Society take the challenges generated by these upheavals? We are now on the threshold of Bio-Technological advances with fears of Artificial Intelligence overtaking Natural Intelligence, Blue Brain and Cloning of Man and other animals. Let us pause, and think, if we need to question the ethical issues of this hybridization and the cultural impasse’ affecting our natural and indigenous heritage? This publication is a heady discussion on all such issues that are of an urgent enquiry and need to be viewed and reviewed. Dr. S.N. Shetti Dr. Jyoti Marwah 25 June 2016 Epilogue ‘…from unfettering chains to free flight…’ It is our good fortune that on the occasion of the national workshop cum seminar on ‘Science Communication: A Dialogue Between Scientists and the Masses’ we also have succeeded to release the very first research publication of KLE Kalamboli, on 25th June 2016. As editors, it gives us immense joy and satisfaction to bring forward the publication titled ‘Magna Carta: A 800 Years Journey From Unfettering Chains To Free Flight’. The book is an inter-disciplinary publication commemorating hundred glorious years of KLE Society’s role and contribution to the cause of Higher, Medical and Technical Education and Man’s Journey for the last 800 years since the Magna Carta to become what he is today’. The ground for the germination of this idea of research publication was prepared way back during ‘Learner Alliance’ meeting in January 2016. Principal, Dr. Jyoti Marwah utilized these sessions for discussing the ways for enhancing the academic abilities of the members of the teaching faculty. This was seen as a way forward for developing the potent abilities of communication in the different subjects, which the faculty must excel, to improve teaching abilities and to reach out to the students. It took us several months of self-evaluation, self-correction and contemplation that resulted in the final product which was worthy of print. This was because the Learner Alliance meetings started focussing on the importance of communication and research to achieve excellence in Higher education and imperative if we wished to develop the graduate attributes of our students. Hence, took birth, the research culture at KLE Society’s College of Science and Commerce, Kalamboli; a culture that was to shape and promote the sense of scientific outlook to understand the world around us. This research culture and scientific writing was not only limited to our college but it spread around far and wide. Information was disseminated through e-mails and our faculty members carried this information personally to various colleges in and around Navi Mumbai and Mumbai. Invites were also sent to all sister KLE Institutions for maximum participation. The response was very encouraging, in fact much beyond to our expectation. The organising committee received a good response to the ‘Call for Papers’ as more than 50 abstracts were submitted for consideration. Expression of interest was received from various institutions not only from Mumbai, but from other cities like Bengaluru and Belagavi, besides the contributions from many of the Faculty x members of KLE College Kalamboli and nearby other colleges in Navi Mumbai. Students from nearby colleges in Navi Mumbai also showed keen interest in submitting their papers for the publication. We traversed International boundaries too and embraced participation from beyond our national boundaries. We were happy to have received a special study on the 21st century Urbanisation Phenomenon by Dr. Nidhi Subramanium, a specialist in Urban Studies from Cornell University, USA.
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