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CARNEGIE H I L L H I S T 0 R I C . D I S T R I C T D E S I G N A T I 0 N REPORT 1974 Citv. .of New York Abrahar.J D. Beame, t·layor J.andn.ar~s Preservation ~.ommission Beverly Moss Spatt, Cha1rman Terence H. Benbow, Vice-Chairman Conunissioneis Edward A. Ames Harris · Ketchum, .Jr. Elisabeth Coi t Hawthorne E. Lee Barbaralee Diamonstein llenry F. Ludder, Jr. Warren l'l. Gran Paul E. Parker, Jr. AC Ki¥Y'TLEDGHHITS The prelininary research for this report was bezun in 1972 by Flcrenc~ Macionald 3oosaerts, a ~esident of the Historic District, \•{w with her husb<md John Boo~aerts, Jr., a r-:er.~ber of t~1e Conmuni ty Coarrl i!o. B, ha.ve been staunch 'ro~onents of desienation. ~he also wr~te a history of the District. Eronson cint,er, a :resic~ent of t!1e District, •:.--,s -:::1e : ·.ost ::-~(:ti v:~ ir, ~~r-rY..tsi ·-~ · ~}~t~i:..:.~i::s · ~ ·~or its ,~~. esi ~ r:-::. r~ti0n. Fra~eric~ S. Paper:, a resident of the District, had a bread influence in his c ~?acit y as president of ti1e Carne~ie !iill ;reisltbors, Inc. Grateful 2. ::k11Yvle ::'. ~:-'e::t is ~ta::!e to ~:any inciivicb.lals in va.rious C:ity r-:::: =m.cies \.':!o ::-:adc available cor..veyances of pro:perty, to.:v: v.ssess:-:ent r ~ -::or , !s c..r.·:l building plans a.n·i c>.pplic?..tions, and to ot:13r ?u::,lic <::T~~i. privc:.te re?osit0ries of infor;::atio:-t. ThouJ~ ~any iniivi~uals have bee:-t associated with different p;·tases of t:1is report; final responsibility for the facts anc oohtions e;:~ resseJ. rests Hith the Co ~ -r,ission as a whole. July 23, 1974 CARNEGIE HILL HISTORIC DISTRICT MANHA'{TAN L E. 95th St. 1 25 -- r_, E. 94th St. ~--~6~~~24~~ p~ ~----------~ z P:1 r.1 p ~ z 1 23 ..., ~ ~ E. 93rd St. ~ ,..-------~4~~~24~- - 0 rn 1---1 A ~ <tl ~ ~ ~ 1 25 57 65 E. 90th St. DESIGNATED JULY 23, 1974 Numbers show buildings inside boundary of district CARNEGIE HILL HISTORIC DISTRICT MANHATTAN SUPPLEMENTARY MAP ~~-------------4-~-1o_o'~~ ~~~-1o_o_'~~~~----------~ L E. 95th St. I I 1 ·~ E. 94th St -6 24 I I 1 2J E. 93rd St - 4 .-I 24 1 lllillll111111ili I 1!il ·:·:·:·:-:-:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:-:·:·:·:·:·: ·:·: 1 25 E. 91st St. 57 65 E. 90th St. DESIGNATED JULY 23, 1974 Numbers show buildings inside boundary of district Landrr;arks Preservation Commission July 23, 1974, Number 1 LP-0861 CARNEGIE HILL HISTORIC DISTRICT, Borough of ivlanhattan BOUNDARIES The Carnegie Hill Historic District consists of two seoarate noncontiguous areas. Area I consists of the property bounded by the eastern property line of 25 East 92nd Street, part of the southern property line of 22 East 93rd Street, the southern and eastern property lines of 24 East 93rd Street, East 93rd Street, the eastern property line of 23 East 93rd Street, the eastern property line of 24 East 94th Street, East 94th Street, the eastern property line of 25 East 94th Street, the northern property lines of 25 through 1 East 94th Street, the western ,, property line of 1 East 94th Street, East 94th Street, the western property Hntt of 6 East 94th Street, part of the northern property line of 3 East 93rd Street, the northern and western property lines of 1 East 93rd Street, East 93rd Street; th~ western property line of 4 East 93rd Street, part of the northern property ilne of 5 East 92nd Street, the northern property lines of 3 and 1 East 92nd Street, the western property line of 1 East 92nd Street, East 92nd Street, to the eastern property line of 25 East 92nd Street. Area II consists of the property bounded by the eastern property line of 72 East 9lst Street, East 9lst Street, the eastern property line of 69 East 91st Street, the northern property lines of 69 and 67 East 9lst Street, part of the northern property line of 65 East 9lst Street, the eastern property line of 60 East 92nd Street, East 92nd Street, the eastern property line of 65 East 92nd Street, the northern property lines of 65 through 45 East 92nd Street, the western property line of 45 East 92nd Street, East 92nd Street, Madison Avenue, the southern property line of 1285 Hadison Avenue, the northern property lines of 49 and 51 East 9lst Street, the western property line of 53 East 9lst Street, East 9lst Street, the western property line of 54 East 9lst Street and the southern property lines of 54 throu~h 60 East 9lst Street, part of the southern property line of 62 East 9lst Street, the western property line of 57 East 90th Street, East 90th Street, the eastern property line of 65 East 90th Street, oart of the southern property line of 70 East 9lst Street, and the southern property line of 72 East 9lst Street. TESTIMONY .AT PUoLIC HEARINGS On June 25, 1974, the Landrrarks Preservation Conr.,ission held a public hearinr, on a proposal to designate a Carnegie m11 i!istoric District (Iten No. 4) within the above described boundaries. The hearing had been duly advertised in accordance with the provisions of lav; , At the June 25, 1974 hearin.<J;, sixteen persons spoke in favor of a Carnegie Hill Historic District, and two individuals opposed it. The witnesses favoring desiznation clearly indicated that there is great support for this proposed !1istoric District. A larger Carnegie liill Historic District had been the subject of public hearings in June and July 1970. T!te proposed Carnegie Hill Historic District now under consideration flanks the City Planning Corm1ission' s Special I 'adison Avenue Preservation District. The !iistoric District designation and the City Planning Corol"'ission' s action are an instance of two City Comr:1 issions working to l)rotect. preservE'! and enhanc~ a neigh­ borhood in our City. -1- Carnegie Hill Historic District HIS TOR I C/\L I NTRODUCTION The area of the Carnegie Hill Historic District lies south of the Indian village Konande Kongh, located roughly between 98th and lOOth Streets, Madison and Lexington Avenues, and within the old boundaries of the Common Lands of the village of Harlem. This unfenced and untilled land was mmed by the Free­ holders of Harlem and was not divided into lots until 1825 when Charles Clinton surveyed the area for the Freeholders. Speedy access to the area was first provided by the Ne1-1 York and Har­ lem Railroad, I•Thich vras chartered in 1831. It ran along Fourth Avenue from Prince Street to Harlem in 1834, vrith a stop in Yorkville. According to a mag· azine of the period, .; For 12-1/2 cents , a ride of five miles from town, a person could travGl a route that affords no beautiful view of cultivated fields and gardens, but conveys an idea of the great amount of labor bestowed in cutting the track through hills of solid rock. " At the end of the ride, the traveler found ·a spacious hotel) on very elevated ground, affording one of the most exten­ sive , varied , and richest rrospects to be seen in our country. " This was rTow­ lan' s Prospect Hall, bt.' ilt by the railroad on ten acres of Observatory Place between 90th and 94th Streets and Fourth and Fifth Avenues. While Harlem to the north and Yorkville to the south "~<rere growing vil­ lages throughout much of the 19th century, the Carnegie Hill area still remained semi-ruYal in character. Typical examples of the type of houses erected in the area about the time of the Civil War are the charming Landmark houses at Hos. 120 and 122 East 92nd Street. The most notable buildings in the area were churches and charitable institutions : The New York Magdalen Asylum, "affording an asylum to erring females, " on East 88th Street and Fifth Avenue, built in 1850 ; the St. Luke's Home for Indigent Christian Females, t1adison Avenue and East 89th Street , built in 1870 , the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Beloved Disciple, subsequently the Reformed Church of Harlem, and now the Roman Catholic Church of St. Thomas More, on East 89th Street bet11een i'fadison and Park Avenues , built in the 1870s ~ and the Nei• York Christian Home for Intemperate Men on East 86th Street between ~-1adison and Park Avenues. The Immanuel German Evangelical Lutheran Church moved from East 87th Street between Lexington and Third Avenues to the southwestern corner of East 88th Street and Lexington Avenue in.1885. Among the earliest large residences in the area were those built for George Eh~et and Jacob Ruppert. George Ehret, who by 1877 owned the largest bre1-.ring business in the United States, built a house on the southeast corner of Park Avenue and East 94th Street in 1879. Ruppert's house on Fifth Avenue and East 93rd Street "~<JaS an isolated mansion when built in 1881. Scattered frame houses, two-story brick buildings, and a fe1-1 rows of brownstones erected by developers were interspersed with squatters' shacks. Shanties, inhabited by squatters and assorted livestock , also lined the edges of Central Park. In the 1880s , Carnegie Hill began to change, largely as the result of the completion of the New York Elevated Railroad on Third Avenue in 1881. The intro­ duction of rapid transit access to Carnegie Hill fostered a speculative residen­ tial building boom, described in these i-TOrds by The New York Times ~ ''Almost every street is obstructed by piles of brick and sand 0 by blocks of stone and barrels o:f cement , by sca:f:folding and ladders, and the music o:f the trowel is heard in every direction.

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