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The United States Navy Looks at Its African American Crewmen, 1755-1955
“MANY OF THEM ARE AMONG MY BEST MEN”: THE UNITED STATES NAVY LOOKS AT ITS AFRICAN AMERICAN CREWMEN, 1755-1955 by MICHAEL SHAWN DAVIS B.A., Brooklyn College, City University of New York, 1991 M.A., Kansas State University, 1995 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2011 Abstract Historians of the integration of the American military and African American military participation have argued that the post-World War II period was the critical period for the integration of the U.S. Navy. This dissertation argues that World War II was “the” critical period for the integration of the Navy because, in addition to forcing the Navy to change its racial policy, the war altered the Navy’s attitudes towards its African American personnel. African Americans have a long history in the U.S. Navy. In the period between the French and Indian War and the Civil War, African Americans served in the Navy because whites would not. This is especially true of the peacetime service, where conditions, pay, and discipline dissuaded most whites from enlisting. During the Civil War, a substantial number of escaped slaves and other African Americans served. Reliance on racially integrated crews survived beyond the Civil War and the abolition of slavery, only to succumb to the principle of “separate but equal,” validated by the Supreme Court in the Plessy case (1896). As racial segregation took hold and the era of “Jim Crow” began, the Navy separated the races, a task completed by the time America entered World War I. -
From the UCA Archives LI UCA’S Alumni Remembered Fourth in a Four-Part Series by Jimmy Bryant – UCA Archivist
From the UCA Archives LI UCA’s Alumni Remembered Fourth in a Four-Part Series By Jimmy Bryant – UCA Archivist In sheer number of deaths, World War II is considered the most deadly conflict in human history. Most published estimates of the total number of people killed (military and civilian combined) range from a low of 50 million to a high of 78 million. According to the Congressional Research Service that provides information to Congress, the United States Armed Forces suffered a total of 291,557 killed in action with another 113,842 deaths occurring due to other causes. According to the Encyclopedia of Arkansas, 194,645 Arkansans served in the U.S. Armed Forces during World War II, or about 10% of the state’s 1940 population. The same source shows that 3,519 Arkansans were killed in action. According to the Faulkner County Veterans Memorial that stands in front of the Faulkner County Courthouse, 120 military personnel from Faulkner County lost their lives in the war. On a percentage basis, the University of Central Arkansas (UCA) was hit hard by the number of war deaths. From the fall of 1941 through the fall of 1944, UCA averaged 458 students per fall semester. UCA’s loss of 46 alumni amounted to approximately 10% of the student body during that time. After the war was over, UCA officials wanted to find a way to properly remember those who had given their lives for their country. They decided to create a living memorial by planting a live oak tree for each former student that had been killed. -
2016 Annual Report Read
ANNUAL REPORTS 2015 & 2016 FACTS & FIGURES Chairman & President’s Message January 1, 2015 - December 31, 2016 Dear Friends, As we mark our 40th anniversary, we renew our commitment to educate, engage, and empower by sharing the stories of USS Constitution and our naval history through innovative hands-on, 965,830 $1,130,279 minds-on learning. We have much to applaud in the past two years: Museum Visitors Total Visitor Donations • We witnessed Constitution’s restoration in dry dock and experienced record-breaking visitation -- in 2016 we welcomed 528,233 visitors with 96,866 in July alone! • Our newest exhibit, Forest to Frigate, follows the story from the forest where “Old Ironsides’” timbers grew to her launch as a fully formed frigate. 20,836 300 5,193 • In partnership with our friends at the U.S. Navy and Naval History & Heritage Command Student Group Visitors Chief Petty Officer Selectees Gallery Programs Detachment Boston, visitors have made their mark on history with nearly 100,000 Visit the Museum Provided signatures on copper sheathing for the ship’s hull. • Our restoration blog, Constitution-Cam(era) and a new marketing effort help us stay connected to many visitors who now follow the Ship’s restoration online. • Liberty Mutual Insurance generously supports free programs for public school students 414 50 64 here at the Museum. Monthly Chantey & Maritime States Represented Foundation and Government • An Education Collaborative with our partners in the National Parks of Boston welcomes Sing Participants by Visitors Grants Received Boston Public School students to many iconic sites on Boston’s Trails to Freedom. -
The Frigate Constitution
„n-'-* "-,*l €mml\ Urnvmitg ^ihOTg BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF 189Z mmi *: i^ti/mi 5474 Cornell University Library E 182.H74 3 1924 028 732 208 The original of tliis book is in tlie Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028732208 '-— '- .r-'J-VS^T' '• 'WRtiSS!.',.-- -• r.rrV.;^*?! Cui.jrigtit. ie%, bj A. \V. El,uii .t Co. THE FRIGATE CONSTITUTION THE PEIGATE CONSTITUTION THE CENTRAL FIGURE OF THE NAVY UNDER SAIL BT lEAN. HOLLIS BOSTON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY 1901 3 COPYRIGHT, 1900, BY IRA N. HOLLIS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PEEFACE The history of the Frigate Constitution is un- dertaken in order to bring within the pages of one volume all the events which go to make a long and interesting career upon the sea. It is the outgrowth of a short article for the " Atlantic Monthly " to commemorate the hundredth anniversary of the vessel's launch. She has so long been a favorite topic for stoiytellers and writers that nothing new remains to be told. It is rather a case for recall- ing much that has been forgotten. As the forma- tion and service of the sailing navy supply the background which brings our ship into stronger perspective, all the circumstances which had an in- fluence upon her design, construction, and employ- ment are given. WhUe, therefore, in no sense a history of the Navy, it forms* a reasonably con- nected narrative of naval events, and particularly of our good old frigate. -
Fort Dallas and the Naval Depot on Key Biscayne, 1836 -1926 by NATHAN D
Fort Dallas and the Naval Depot on Key Biscayne, 1836 -1926 By NATHAN D. SHAPPEE EARLY WRITINGS ON FORT DALLAS When Dr. Walter S. Graham began publication of the Miami Metropolis in April, 1896, he planned to publish occasionally articles on local history. The first of these appeared in the issue of November 20, 1896 and was a sketch of Fort Dallas. Earlier in the year Dr. Graham had written to the War Department requesting data on the local monument of the Seminole War. He was informed that another person had already asked for data on Fort Dallas. This person proved to be Mrs. Julia D. Tuttle who owned Fort Dallas and desired information about her property. Dr. Graham then approached Mrs. Tuttle for permission to receive the War Department's account and to publish it in the Metropolis. The published article consisted of the department's article in full and as it was written. To this Graham added data which he had collected as additional local highlights on the topic. In his earlier capacity as a land buyer and title searcher for Henry M. Flagler and his East Coast Railroad, he had collected interesting and personal memoirs on Fort Dallas. The first article, however, had been compiled from records in the Adjutant General's Office and, because of this, related almost exclusively only the Army's role in this protracted conflict. The compiler did not consult the records of other services of the government which, as it has turned out, had large amounts of data on Fort Dallas and the events of the Seminole War in the Miami area.1 Actually it was the Navy which appeared first on Biscayne Bay in 1836 to establish patrols of the coast and to set up a post or fort. -
The African Squadron of the United States ! Navy, 1843-1861: a Critical Study
I MASTER'S THESIS M ..619 Î 1 I PFAUTZ, James Coleman ! THE AFRICAN SQUADRON OF THE UNITED STATES ! NAVY, 1843-1861: A CRITICAL STUDY. Î r The American University, M.A., 1968 I Political Science, international law and relations University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE AFRICAN SQUADRON OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY 1843-1861 A CRITICAL STUDY By James Coleman Pfautz Submitted to the Faculty of the School of International Service of The American University in P artial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS Signature of Committee: Chairman Date: /sT j Dean ofthe^School AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Date: 1968 JUL181968 The American University Washington, D.C. WASHINGTON. O. C TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION . ......................................................................... 1 I I. THE WEBS TER-ASHBURTON TREATY AND ARTICLE EIGHT .............................................................. 5 III. THE AFRICAN SQUADRON.............................................................. 16 Operations of the Squadron......................................................... 16 The Issue of Health ............................................................................. 23 Squadron Equipm ent ........................................................................ 32 Squadron Leadership .............................. 7 .......................... 48 IV . THE BRITISH SQUADRON AND JOINT CR.TTISING . 67 V. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AND THE SQUADRON MISSION........................................................................................................ -
Ambush on the New River
AMBUSH ON THE NEW RIVER At the United States military fort on New An Indian ruse endangers River named Fort Lauderdale, on September 27, the lives of over 100 men at 1839, ocurred a dramatic event not typical of the Indian wars as a whole. Professedly friendly Fort Lauderdale and gives Indians set in motion a ruse designed to massacre the approximately eighty soldiers and thirty the area its first national marines stationed at the isolated and distant fort. recognition in 1839 An Indian success would have rivalled the ambush of Major Francis L. Dade and his command in December 1835, the atrocity which began the Indian war. Two popular versions of the attempted massacre, one by an officer participant and the other by a Florida newspaper editor, are the subject of this issue's documentary feature. Both accounts follow the main outlines of the official record written by First Lieutenant Christopher Q. Tompkins, Third Artillery, commandant of Fort Lauderdale. Although officially responsible for the Introduced by Broward County safety of the fort, Lieutenant Tompkins was ably Historian Cooper Kirk assisted by Commander Isaac Mayo and Lieuten ant John A. Davis, United States Navy, and First Lieutenant T.T. Sloan, United States Marines, who commanded ships and naval units at New River. [Editor's note: This article, as well as one on The shorter version is taken from the St. the Pine Island Skirmish (April 1977), are the Augustine News, October 25, 1839, reprinted in by-products of Dr, Cooper Kirk's remarkable the Army and Navy Chronicle, October 31, 1839. -
Assembly 2417
The Patriot A Michael J. Sabella Assembly Newsletter Volume 14 / Issue 1 / Month - Aug, 2016 www. Kofcknights.org/?A=2417 Assembly Faithful Navigators Message: 2417 The Knights of Columbus is a group of Catholic gentlemen who, along with their families, friends and fellow parishioners, strive to put into Serving Sir Knights action our faith as we practice the principles of Charity, Unity, Frater- From Councils nity and Patriotism. We seek to support and enhance our families, our 7406, 10389, 12654 parish and our community through these efforts. We of the order of the Fourth degree by our District Master have adopted this theme: “Being a 4th Degree Sir Knight is not about the Title, it is about the Honor”. Pray for your persecuted Christian Brothers and Sisters. Also see ‘News and Announcements’ on our website on Persecution. Index Navigator Message 1 Events/Meetings 2 War Heroes 3, 4 Navigator Closing 5 The Assumption of our Blessed Mary Minutes of Meeting 5 St. Juvenal, Bishop of Jerusalem, at the Council of Chalcedon (451), made known to the Emperor Marcian and Pulcheria, who wished to possess the body of the Mother of God, that Mary died in the presence of all the Apostles, but that her tomb, when opened, upon the request of St. Thomas, was found empty; wherefrom the Apostles concluded that the body was taken up to heaven . Today, the belief in the corporeal assumption of Mary is universal in the East and in the West; according to Benedict XIV (De Festis B.V.M., I, viii, 18) it is a probable opinion, which to deny were impious and blasphemous. -
Command Rank Officers of the United States Navy (Spring 1839)
Command Rank Officers of the United States Navy (Spring 1839) No. In Rank Name Present Duty or Station grade 1 Captain James Barron Waiting orders 2 Captain Charles Stewart Commandant, Navy Yard, Philadelphia 3 Captain Isaac Hull Commander, Mediterranean Squadron 4 Captain Isaac Chauncey President, Navy Board 5 Captain Jacob Jones Commanding Naval Officer, Baltimore 6 Captain Charles Morris Commissioner, Navy Board 7 Captain Lewis Warrington Commandant, Navy Yard, Norfolk 8 Captain William M. Crane Commandant, Navy Yard, Portsmouth 9 Captain James Biddle Governor, Naval Asylum, Philadelphia 10 Captain Charles G. Ridgely Commandant, Navy Yard, New York 11 Captain Daniel T. Patterson Commandant, Navy Yard, Washington 12 Captain John Downes Commandant, Navy Yard, Boston 13 Captain Jesse D. Elliott Waiting orders 14 Captain Stephen Cassin Waiting orders 15 Captain James Renshaw Waiting orders 16 Captain Alexander S. Wadsworth Commissioner, Navy Board 17 Captain George C. Read Commander, East India Squadron 18 Captain Henry E. Ballard On his return from command of the Pacific Squadron 19 Captain David Deacon Waiting orders 20 Captain Samuel Woodhouse Waiting orders 21 Captain Edmund P. Kennedy Inspector of Ordnance and Ammunition 22 Captain Alexander J. Dallas Commandant, Navy Yard, Pensacola 23 Captain John B. Nicolson Commander, Brazil Squadron 24 Captain Jesse Wilkinson Waiting orders 25 Captain Thomas Ap Catesby Jones Waiting orders 26 Captain William Compton Bolton Waiting orders 27 Captain William Branford Shubrick Commander, West India Squadron 28 Captain Alexander Claxton Commander, Pacific Squadron 29 Captain Charles W. Morgan Waiting orders 30 Captain Lawrence Kearny Waiting orders 31 Captain Foxhall A. Parker Waiting orders 32 Captain Edward R. -
Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 113 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION
E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 113 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 159 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 2013 No. 152 House of Representatives The House met at 10 a.m. and was former regimes on one side and the antiquated, and highly statist econo- called to order by the Speaker pro tem- stultifying religious rule on the other. mies in the 21st century. Since the pore (Mr. COLLINS of New York). Faced with these daunting realities, ouster of Ben Ali and Mubarak, I have f the Obama administration may be in pushed for the creation of enterprise the midst of a strategic reevaluation of funds and other nimble vehicles that DESIGNATION OF SPEAKER PRO our role in the region—one that is far will allow us to direct resources at spe- TEMPORE more modest in ambition, more tem- cific sectors that can help to drive eco- The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- pered in expectation, and certainly nomic growth, as well as improve the fore the House the following commu- more reliant on the use of its diplo- quality of life for ordinary people. nication from the Speaker: matic, not military, resources. In coming years, these economies WASHINGTON, DC, This new approach stands in stark will need to produce sufficient jobs and October 29, 2013. contrast to the effort by the George W. wealth to both sustain workers and I hereby appoint the Honorable CHRIS COL- Bush administration to deliver a ‘‘free- their families and to provide the eco- LINS to act as Speaker pro tempore on this dom agenda’’—sometimes through the nomic conditions for sustainable polit- day. -
Confederates Reborn : Part Iii Pdf, Epub, Ebook
CONFEDERATES REBORN : PART III PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Cicero Goncalves | 246 pages | 24 Jan 2019 | Amazon Digital Services LLC - Kdp Print Us | 9781795071956 | English | none Confederates Reborn : Part III PDF Book Anthony James G. The Eastern Clarion. Les Jensen examined it thoroughly, and suggests that it is a British import hat. For more information on the Apaches and the history surrounding the Apache Wars, see our page on the Local History of the Apaches. Even if an artifact or image is credited to a public institution, the image itself is the property of this website, having been made by, purchased by or given usage of to the author. By Nathan Jennings May 12, Image Beard's hat has a lavender-colored lining clearly stamped with the maker's logo in the crown. The U. Despite that tacit ceasefire that had existed between Texan and Union opponents for several months, the commander ordered an attack for reasons only known to him. Navy Hispanic Americans in the U. Ba Just, meager confederate resources general, eisenhower has available mean of this THQ reborn as THQ nordic story exposing evil is often the first. Chapter IV. Contact seller. This is needed to keep lol-militaries from forming. Image 2: Confederate veteran Allen C. A few citizens had become loyal to the Union and declared a new governor for the Choctaw Nation. Email required Address never made public. Therefore, the study is not an exact science, but, enough evidence proves that imported black hats were common, so at least some the hats selected as examples are likely to be British imports. -
Congressional Record—Senate S2501
April 14, 2011 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S2501 1980s and 1990s he returned to teaching, the ‘‘Federal City,’’ and at the national and committees with the California returning to teach at his alma maters, and international scope of work taking Department of Education, U.S. Depart- the University of Notre Dame, where place there every day. Stennis is an es- ment of Education and U.S. Depart- he helped found the Kroc Institute for sential part of NASA’s mission today, ment of Health and Human Services. International Peace Studies, and the due largely to Roy’s commitment for Ray isn’t afraid to fight for Cali- University of Cincinnati College of over 40 years. His footprints will long fornia schools. He has advocated on be- Law. But even in academia, Jack re- remain along the paths and roads of half of teachers and students in Cali- mained active in politics and public that center, which has become a unique fornia by testifying on Capitol Hill service. In 1999, at the age of 78, the asset for our Nation. about the importance of increasing former Congressman-turned-Governor Roy Estess’ legacy continues to in- funding for title I and special edu- served on the Board of Education for fluence the future of Stennis and the cation programs, as well as saving Cincinnati Public Schools. gulf coast with the construction of the teachers’ jobs. And throughout his commitment to INFINITY Science Center. This project Ray dedicated himself to serving his public service, Jack Gilligan has re- was his vision and dream, and one that country in other ways.