DOCSLIB.ORG

Plant Sciences

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Plant Sciences PLANT SCIENCES Plant and Environment Protection Identification of Resistance Sources in Wheat National Wheat Disease Screening Nursery Four hundred and fourteen wheat lines including 99 commercial wheat varieties were planted at 10 key locations in the country. Eighteen commercial wheat varieties and 108 advance lines were found resistant to both leaf and yellow rusts while 58 commercial wheat varieties and 139 advance lines were found effective against prevailing races of leaf rust. National Uniform Wheat Yield Trial Total thirty candidate lines received from the National Coordinated Wheat Programme were planted at 13 key locations in the country to evaluate against rusts of wheat. Out of 30 candidate lines, 4 lines were found susceptible, 12 lines resistant to moderately resistant, 6 lines moderately susceptible and 8 were found immune. Screening of Wheat Cultivars Against Karnal Bunt (KB) National Wheat Disease Screening Nursery (NWDSN) was comprised of 414 wheat lines including 99 commercial varieties and 292 breeders advance lines. Eighty three lines were found free of KB including 10 commercial wheat varieties and 73 advanced lines of breeders. Ten lines from CIMMYT which were found free of KB last year were tested again in field, only three lines were found free of KB. Thirty candidate lines of NUWYT 2010-11 nurseries were evaluated under field conditions and four lines were found free of KB. Study of Current Status of KB in Punjab and KPK Two hundred and twenty samples from Punjab and 40 samples from KPK were collected for determination of prevalence and incidence of the disease. In Punjab, the prevalence of KB was 15 % and incidence ranged from 0-1%. Whereas in KPK the disease prevalence was 12.5 % and incidence ranged from 0-0.9%. The KB infected seeds from these samples were used to isolate the fungus Tillitia indica for morphological studies, pathogenic variability and identification of source of resistance. So far 5 isolates have been isolated, identified and purified. Epidemiology of Wheat Rust Virulence Studies Isogenic leaf and yellow rust wheat lines were planted at 13 locations in Pakistan for virulence studies. Virulence for yellow rust resistant genes Yr1, Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr9, Yr17, YrA and Yr27 were present at all locations. For genes (Yr3), Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr26, YrSP (Spaliding Prolific) and YrCv (Castrens V) virulence factors were not observed in field during this year, these genes are effective genes and recommended as resistance source for ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12 03 Plant and Environment Protection introgression. Virulence for leaf rust resistant genes Lr22B, Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr3ka, Lr3bg, Lr9, Lr10, Lr11, Lr12, Lr13, Lr14a, Lr14b, Lr15, Lr16, Lr17, Lr18, Lr19, Lr20, Lr23, Lr24, Lr25, Lr26, Lr27+31(Gatcher)Lr29, Lr30, Lr32, Lr33, Lr34, Lr35and Lr13+ were in all locations in Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Leaf rust resistance genes Lr28, Lr36 and Lr37 showed avirulence at all locations. Total 20 Leaf rust samples were collected from trap nurseries and farmers fields and all samples were revived. Thirty single pustules were made and each pustule was multiplied. Two different races TKT/RP and TKT/RN were identified. 15 Yellow rust samples were collected and multiplied for virulence analysis. Two different races 80E85 and 70E0 were identified. 30 stem rust samples were evaluated and race RRTTF was identified and confirmed the absence of UG-99 in Pakistan. Bacterial Blight of Rice A survey of selected districts of Punjab was conducted to determine the current status of bacterial blight. The incidence percentage ranged from 0-90, 0-100, 0-75, 0-70, 0-25 and 0- 100 in Sialkot, Narowal, Sheikhupura, Gujranwala, Hafizabad, and Zafarwal, respectively. Mycotoxin in Groundnut A survey for the incidence of mycotoxin producing fungi in groundnut under storage conditions at different locations (Punjab: District Rawalpindi, Attock, Chakwal, Jehlum), & Khyber Pukhtunkhwa (Kohat) of Pakistan showed the presence of 7 fungi viz., Alternaria, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum in groundnut farmer's fields and storage centres. Mapping was done for the incidence of aflatoxins producing fungi in groundnut at market and consumer level in Pothwar areas. Viral Studies Screening of Tomato Germplams Against Viral Diseases In a replicated experiment of five tomato hybrid/lines grown under plastic tunnel at NARC, cultivar Sahil was found free from virus like symptoms and was without insect infestation. Screening of Potato Germplasm Against Six Viruses under Field Conditions In a replicated trial of twenty potato varieties, only one variety, Sarpo-Mira was found free from virus infection followed by NARC 17-19 with an infection rate of 10% with PVY. PLRV was not detected in the germplasm. Screening of Garlic Germplasm Against Viruses Data were recorded on garlic germplasm sown in NARC field for rust and smut appearance. Iranian, Italian and MJ-84 showed 50 % of rust and 100% of smut infection. Chinese variety 04 ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12 Plant and Environment Protection showed 100 % rust and smut infection. Only NARC-09 was apparently free from rust and smut infection. Maximum size of the bulb of Chinese, Italian, Iranion, JS-1 and NARC-09 were 8,2, 9.2 8.4, 6.2, 8.5 cm respectively with an average number of 12 cloves each. Six exotic/local garlic germplasm (Chinese, Iranion, Italian, JS-1, NARC-09 and Local ) were screened under natural conditions. It was observed that cultivar elephant garlic (NARC 09) was highly resistant to OYDV. In addition, five plants of Italian and four of Iranian origin were found clean from viral infection. Insect Pest Management · Seedling Bulk Test of NUWYT-N 2011-12 was conducted to find out for resistance against Corn Leaf aphid; wheat line PR-102, V-05BT006 and BGWS-4 was found to be resistant. Antixenosis test of same lines showed that least preferred entries were V- 08173, V-07076, V-76309 and V-05BT006. In Antibiosis test: Entries V-07096, V- 07076, V-08171, V-0587014, SD-076309, 076377, CT-04192, TW-96007, HB-10, HB-11, PR-102, QS-111, NR-378, and NARC L. Check were least fecund. Bird cherry oat aphid Mass rearing Seedling Bulk test Antixenosis Test Antibiosis Test Tolerance Test · Screening of NUWYT-RF 2011-12: Resistant entries were NRL-0517, DN-73 and NR-397. In Antixenosis test moderately preferred entries were NRL-0517, AZRC- 2008-1, NR-381, NR-390 and NR-391. In Antibiosis test least fecund entries were NR- 397, AZRC-2008-1, 6-C016, NR-397, NR-392 and L. check. In Tolerance test comparatively tolerant entries were KT-50 and NR-397. · Evaluation of Maize Varieties: Varieties AGT-2002, EV 1098, EV 6098, Sadaf and Raka Poshi were resistant. In Antixenosis test best variety was Sahiwal-2002 followed by EV 1097, AGT-2002, BS-2, EV 6098 and Islamabad Gold. · Seedling Bulk Test of Maize Hybrids: P-1543, NARC-2704 and JKMH-444 were found to be resistant. In Antixenosis results, NARC-2704, KERMESS (KWS), MT-1, ANTISS and AF-GOI were least preferred (LP). · Screening of Oats Varieties: Avon, V- 97009, V-663, V-2088 and Stamped were resistant. In Antixenosis results Dumont, Grizzly, 663, 85-125, 75526, Mar.100, Canadian, Grizzly, 11xs-81, 2088 and Nora were found to be least preferred against corn leaf aphid. In Antibiosis test: PD2-LV65, Avon, Canadian, 85-125, 663,Grizzly and S-141 were least fecund. · Control of Red Pumpkin Beetle with Neem Water Extract Compared with Surf Emulsion and Deltamethrin: After chemical spray best results for beetle control were observed with application of 2% spray of neem as compared to 0.5% of neem extract, control and surf emulsion. · Laboratory Studies for Repellency Against Cotton Mealy Bug: Mentha piperata, Citrullus colocynth, Ricinus communis, Sonchus oleraceous, Silybum marianum, Acacia Senegal, Trachyspermum ammi, Xanthium strumarium, Cnicus benedictus, ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12 05 Plant and Environment Protection Cassia fistula, Carica papaya were tested on 1st and 2 nd instars Cotton mealy bug after first, second, fourth and eighth week of extract application. Cottn mealy bug repellency studies · Biological Observations and Predatory Potential of Coccinellid Beetles Harmonia Dimidiata, Menochilus Sexmaculatus and Coccinella Septempunctata Feeding on Different Aphid Species: Harmonia dimidiate: The larval/grubs developmental duration and survival rate at four different temperature were 21.3,17.7,14.7 and 12.3 days at 20 ±1 °C, 24 ±1 °C, 28±1 °C and 32±1 °C. The survival rates were 92, 90, 78 and 62% and the predatory potential were 934, 856, 644 and 573 aphids/grubs. Adult longevity were 120, 95, 72 and 24 days with total fecundity of 956, 1234, 678 and 0 eggs at four temperature levels. Adult predatory potential were 9634, 10076, 7543 and 944 aphids/adult. Grubs of Harmonia dimidiate, Manochilus sexmaculatus and Coccinella septempunctata. Menochilus Sexmaculatus: Development duration of M. sexmaculatus, feeding R. padi under laboratory condition indicates eggs duration was 3.4 days, while 1st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4th instars were 2.3, 2.5, 3.4 and 4.1 days respectively and pupal duration was 6.7 days and predation capacity of 1st , 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th instars were 11.5 aphids, 19.4, 47.4 and 71.2 aphids per larvae respectively under laboratory condition. The adult female life stages indicate that pre-oviposition period was 5.2 hours, copulation period was 51.4 minutes and post-copulation period was 3.1 hours. Pre-ovipositon period was 5.3 days, oviposition period was 35.4 days and post-oviposition period was 5.4 days respectively. Fecundity, incubation and eggs hatching percentage of M. sexmaculatus indicates that fecundity was 376 eggs per female with incubation period of 3.8 days and hatching percentage of eggs was 67.8.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PRCS Monsoon Floods Operation Summary Updated Friday 24Th December 2010
    PRCS Monsoon Floods Operation Summary th Updated Friday 24 December 2010 Flash and river flooding were triggered by unusually heavy second spell of monsoon rains starting from 21 July 2010. These floods have occurred all over Pakistan resulting in a loss of life and widespread displacements. Current estimates (22nd September) show that more than 1900 people have died/drowned and well over 20.2 million others have been affected. Province Deaths Injured Houses Damaged Population Affected Balochistan 48 98 75,261 *700,000 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 1,156 1,198 200,799 3,800,000 Punjab 110 350 509,814 8,200,000 Sindh 234 1,201 1,114,629 7,356,550 AJK 71 87 7,108 200,000 Gilgit Baltistan 183 60 2,830 100,000 FATA 86 84 4,614 Awaited Total 1,888 3,050 1,915,055 20,356,550 *Additional 600,000 IDPs from Sindh are living in Balochistan Floodwaters in Pakistan have reached the Arabian Sea and are generally receding throughout the country. In Sindh province, water levels are still high around the Manchar Lake which stretches across the Dadu and Jamshoro districts. Field reports from Dadu describe a surge of population movement caused by a second wave of flooding still in progress with a high concentration of people close to Hyderabad, and a camp in Kotri. Reports from Thatta district further south in Sindh indicate some 50,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) are being sheltered in camps around the district capital, Thatta. Provincial authorities report almost 1.5 million IDPs in some 4,200 relief camps in Sindh province.
    [Show full text]
  • The Land of Five Rivers and Sindh by David Ross
    THE LAND OFOFOF THE FIVE RIVERS AND SINDH. BY DAVID ROSS, C.I.E., F.R.G.S. London 1883 Reproduced by: Sani Hussain Panhwar The land of the five rivers and Sindh; Copyright © www.panhwar.com 1 TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE MOST HONORABLE GEORGE FREDERICK SAMUEL MARQUIS OF RIPON, K.G., P.C., G.M.S.I., G.M.I.E., VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, THESE SKETCHES OF THE PUNJAB AND SINDH ARE With His Excellency’s Most Gracious Permission DEDICATED. The land of the five rivers and Sindh; Copyright © www.panhwar.com 2 PREFACE. My object in publishing these “Sketches” is to furnish travelers passing through Sindh and the Punjab with a short historical and descriptive account of the country and places of interest between Karachi, Multan, Lahore, Peshawar, and Delhi. I mainly confine my remarks to the more prominent cities and towns adjoining the railway system. Objects of antiquarian interest and the principal arts and manufactures in the different localities are briefly noticed. I have alluded to the independent adjoining States, and I have added outlines of the routes to Kashmir, the various hill sanitaria, and of the marches which may be made in the interior of the Western Himalayas. In order to give a distinct and definite idea as to the situation of the different localities mentioned, their position with reference to the various railway stations is given as far as possible. The names of the railway stations and principal places described head each article or paragraph, and in the margin are shown the minor places or objects of interest in the vicinity.
    [Show full text]
  • Budget Speech by Murad Ali Shah Minister for Finance on 7Th June 2012
    BUDGET SPEECH BY MURAD ALI SHAH MINISTER FOR FINANCE ON 7TH JUNE 2012 Budget Speech 2012-13 Honorable Mr. Speaker, I am grateful to Almighty Allah for the honour that he has bestowed upon me. Sir, I feel privileged to stand before this august house to present the fifth budget of this democratically elected government in Sindh. It is with pleasure that I present this budget free of anynew taxes. It is indeed a tribute to our great leaders Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto that the PPP-led coalition government in Sindh has been able to bring perceptible improvement in the lives of our people. The visionary ideals laid down by Quaid-e-Azam inspired our leaders and guided each and every member of our government to reach this milestone. Mr. Speaker, over the last four years, the PPP-led government at the Centre and here in Sindh, has faced a multitude of challenges. Many of these were legacies of mismanagement passed down from previous regimes. Natural calamities the likes of which have not been seen at least in the recorded history also hampered our development. Despite these obstacles, under the brave and pragmatic leadership of the Honourable President of Pakistan Mr. Asif Ali Zardari and the Honourable Prime Minister of Pakistan Syed Yusuf Raza Gillani and the guidance of Chief Minister Sindh Syed Qaim Ali Shah, we have successfully moved ahead and overcome the challenges with unflinching democratic will and commitment. We have remained steadfast in our resolve to strengthen democratic institutions in the country and have pursued the agenda based on reconciliation and consensus building with the broader objective of serving the people of Sindh to the best of our abilities.
    [Show full text]
  • Press Clippings from the Pakistan Disaster
    Associated Press Of Pakistan ( Pakistan's Premier NEWS Agency ) - President orders ... Side 1 af 1 President orders probe into reports of discrimination against minorities in relief operations SUKKUR, Sep 1 (APP) President Asif Ali Zardari has taken exception to the media reports that some members of the minority communities were denied flood relief assistance and driven out of the relief camps in Sindh province and called for an inquiry and action against officials if found involved. Spokesperson to the President, Farhatullah Babar said that the President taking note of media reports of a protest rally in Hyderabad on Monday against the maltreatment of Dalits in flood relief called for a probe into the matter and steps to ensure that no discrimination was shown in the relief and rehabilitation operations. The President said that floods were a natural disaster and should serve to unite the people, not divide them. It will be most unfortunate and reflect poorly on the country’s image and adversely impact on national unity if relief work was influenced by considerations of caste, creed or ethnicity. “All citizens of the country have equal rights and more so people who have been hit by the worst natural disaster in the history of the country. Discrimination on ethnic or religious grounds cannot be tolerated”, he added. President Zardari called for an inquiry into the reports of discrimination and appropriate measures to ensure that the relief work was not influenced by such considerations. The President also called for action against officials if found involved in discrimination in the relief and rehabilitation works, the spokesperson said.
    [Show full text]
  • Pakistan: GLIDE N° FL-2010-000141-PAK Operations Update N° 12 Monsoon Flash 23 December 2010 Floods
    Emergency appeal n°MDRPK006 Pakistan: GLIDE n° FL-2010-000141-PAK Operations update n° 12 Monsoon Flash 23 December 2010 Floods Period covered by this operations update: 11 November - 10 December 2010. Appeal target (current): CHF 130,673,677 (USD 133.8 mil or EUR 97.9 mil); Appeal coverage: To date, the appeal is 60.4 per cent covered in cash and kind; and 66.8 per cent covered including contributions currently in the pipeline. Funds are still urgently needed to support the Pakistan Red Crescent Society in this operation to assist those affected by the floods. <see updated donor response report; or contact details> Appeal history: • A revised emergency appeal was launched on 15 November 2010 for CHF 130,673,677 (USD 133.8 mil or EUR 97.9 mil) to assist 130,000 families (some 900,000 people) for 24 months. • The revised emergency appeal was launched on 19 August 2010 for CHF 75,852,261 (USD 72.5 mil or EUR 56.3 mil) for 18 months to assist 130,000 flood-affected families (some 900,000 beneficiaries). • An emergency appeal was initially launched on a preliminary basis on 2 August 2010 for CHF 17,008,050 (USD 16,333,000 or EUR 12,514,600) for 9 months to assist 175,000 beneficiaries. • Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF): CHF 250,000 Fatigued from months of living on humanitarian (USD 239,406 or EUR 183,589) was allocated on 30 July assistance, flood-affected families are eager to 2010 to support the National Society’s response to the resume normal lives.
    [Show full text]
  • 4 Chronology of Disaster in Pakistan 2012 (25Th August-15Th October)
    Strengthening Participatory Organization (SPO) SPO is one of the largest rights-based civil society organization in Pakistan. It is pursuing various program components presently being implemented in over 75 districts of the country. SPO seeks to address mainly governance, social and political issues in the country through its programmes focussing on democratic th governance, social justice, peace and harmony, institutional strengthening, conflict resolution, citizens engagement, gender, electoral reforms and political parties development. Parallel to these activities, SPO deals with humanitarian 15August - October) emergencies resulting from both natural and human-induced hazards. In th emergencies, it has been dealing to redress problems of disaster like (25 earthquakes, rain-fed floods, cyclones and rehabilitation of internally displaced communities affected by conflicts. Chronology of Disaster in Pakistan 2012 Protection and promotion of human rights is central to the program philosophy of SPO. Its various citizens voices and accountability initiatives seek to strengthen democratic processes through engagement with and building capacities of civil society and state institutions and harness mutual tolerance, peace and harmony between various political, ethnic and religious groups across rural and urban parts of the country. Various components of SPO's citizens voices and accountability initiatives are currently supported by Australian Agency for International Development (AusAid), British High Commission (BHC), Embassy for the Kingdom of Netherlands (EKN), DFID and USAID. SPO also acknowledges support from other donors for its various program components SPO National Center 30-A, Nazimuddin Road, F-10/4, Islamabad, Pakistan UAN: +92-51-111-357-111 Tel: +92-51-2104677, 2104679 Fax: +92-51-2112787 [email protected] www.spopk.org BALOCHISTAN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PUNJAB SINDH AZAD JAMMU KASHMIR QUETTA PESHAWAR MULTAN HYDERABAD MUZAFFARABAD House 58-A, Near Pak Japan House 15, Street 1, Sector N-4 House 339-340, Block-D Plot 158/2, Behind M.
    [Show full text]
  • Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin Disease Early Warning System and Response in Pakistan
    Weekly Bulletin Epidemiological Disease early warning system and response in Pakistan Volume 2, Issue 46, Monday 21 November, 2011 Highlights Priority diseases under surveillance Epidemiological week no. 46 (11 to 17 November, 2011) in DEWS • 80 districts and 2 agencies provided surveillance data to the DEWS this week from Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) 2,636 health facilities. Data from mobile teams is reported through sponsoring BHU or Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS) RHC. Acute Respiratory Infections • A total of 816,850 consultations were reported through DEWS of which 203,121 (Upper and Lower) (ARI) (25%) were acute respiratory infections (ARI); 72,768 (9%) were Skin disease; 61,792 Acute Watery Diarrhoea (AWD)/ (8%) were acute diarrhoea; and 57,597 (7%) were suspected malaria. Suspected Cholera • A total of 124 alerts with 10 outbreaks were reported in week‐46, 2011: Altogether Acute Bloody Diarrhoea (BD) 28 alerts for AWD, 23 for Measles; 22 for Neonatal tetanus and tetanus; 18 for Other Acute Diarrhoeas (AD) Leishmaniasis; 7 for Pertussis; 6 each for Malaria and ARI; 4 each for DHF and Acute diarrhoea; 2 for AJS; while 1 each for CCHF, Diphtheria, Typhoid and unexplained fever. Suspected Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) • In this week nine new polio cases were confirmed by the laboratory, four from Suspected Malaria (Mal) FATA (three from North Waziristan agency and one from Khyber agency); two each Suspected Measles (MS) from Balochistan (Mastung and Barkhan districts) and Punjab (Vehari and Rahim Yar Khan districts); and one from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Lakki Marwat district). As of 21st Suspected Meningitis (MG) November 2011, Pakistan has reported a total of 154 polio cases (152 type‐1 & 2 type‐ Others 3) from 48 districts/towns/tribal agencies and areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Jhirk Mulla Katiyar Bridge Project
    Jhirk Mulla Katiyar Bridge Project Volume 1 :Request for Proposal (RFP) Jhirk Mulla Katiyar Bridge Project Works and Services Department Public Private Partnership Unit Government of Sindh Finance Department Government of Sindh 1 December 2011 Jhirk Mulla Katiyar Bridge Project Reference: Jhirk Mulla Katiar Bridge Project Dear Bidder, The Works and Services Department Government of Sindh ("GoS"), in association with the Public Private Partnership (“PPP”) Unit of the Finance Department, GoS hereby invites proposals from Bidders. This RFP represents the process of selecting a Private Partner with whom the GoS intends to sign a Concession Agreement for the Design, Build, Finance, Operate and Transfer a 25 km road and Bridge of 1.2 km connecting National Highway (N5) via Jhirk to Tando Muhammad Khan Bathoro Road (the “Project”). It is currently envisaged that the contract term will be for a period of approximately 27 years. The Project (including the ownership of the Project related assets) shall be handed over to GoS at the end of the contract period. In order for a Proposal to be evaluated, Bidders must meet all of the eligibility requirements stated herein. The key dates in this stage of the selection process are as follows: Pre-bid Conference 30th Dec 2011 Submission of Proposal 31st Jan 2012 Concession Agreement signing 28th Feb 2012 Financial Close 30th Jun 2012 Concession period Anticipated start of design 01st Mar 2012 Anticipated end of design 30th May 2012 Anticipated start of construction 01st June 2012 Anticipated end of construction 30th Jun 2014 Anticipated expiry of Concession Agreement & handover of 30th June 2039 facilities 2 Jhirk Mulla Katiyar Bridge Project Two (2) complete hard copies and one (1) complete soft copy of the technical and financial proposal (including the Financial model in Excel spreadsheet) and other supporting documents form (on CD/ DVDs) must be delivered no later than 4:00 p.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Budget Speech by Syed Qaim Ali Shah Jillani Chief Minister Sindh on 11Th June 2010
    BUDGET SPEECH BY SYED QAIM ALI SHAH JILLANI CHIEF MINISTER SINDH ON 11TH JUNE 2010 Budget Speech 2010-2011 Bismillah- e- Rehman-er-Raheem Mr. Speaker It is indeed an honor for me to present the 3rd Budget of the Pakistan Peoples’ Party led coalition Government in Sindh. I am thankful to Almightly Allah for his blessings and for this opportunity to serve the people of Sindh. Earlier in mid- April, I placed the Government’s Performance Report before this August House for informing the people about the major programs and activities which have been started to provide relief to the people; to trigger growth in different sectors and to strengthen the human development efforts. The Pakistan Peoples’ Party led Government at the centre and here in Sindh has faced one challenge after another in the last two years but we have remained steadfast in our resolve to strengthen the democratic institutions in the country. Today, the parliament, the judiciary, as well as the media are fully independent and the levels of check and balance of one institution over the other, have increased and strengthened to a great extent. The policy of reconciliation initiated by Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto effectively followed by our Co-Chairman and the President of Pakistan has paid off huge dividends. At our level it has helped to create greater understanding with MQM under the leadership of Mr. Altaf Hussain, PML (Functional) under the leadership of Pir Sahib Pagaro, ANP under the leadership of Mr. Asfand Yar Wali Khan, NPP under the leadership of Ghulam Murtaza Khan Jatoi and PML(Q).
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Assessment Survey Report of WSS Sindh Province Ii
    Technical Assessment Survey Report of WSS District Hyderabad Technical Assessment Survey Report of WSS Sindh Province TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................................... iv STATEMENT BY THE FEDERAL SECRETARY, MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ........................................................................................................................v PREFACE................................................................................................................................ vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS................................................................................................. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... viii STAFF ASSOCIATED WITH TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT SURVEY............................. ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................x CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................1 1.1 Background....................................................................................................................1 1.2 Provision of Safe Drinking Water Project .....................................................................2 1.3 Technical Assessment
    [Show full text]
  • PAKISTAN, FOURTH QUARTER 2020: Update on Incidents According to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Compiled by ACCORD, 25 March 2021
    PAKISTAN, FOURTH QUARTER 2020: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 25 March 2021 Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities National borders: GADM, 6 May 2018a; administrative divisions: GADM, 6 May 2018b (ACCORD amended the geodata to reflect the merging of NWFP and FATA into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa); China/India border status: CIA, 2006; Kashmir border status: CIA, 2004; geodata of disputed borders: GADM, 6 May 2018a; Natural Earth, nodate; incident data: ACLED, 12 March 2021; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 PAKISTAN, FOURTH QUARTER 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 25 MARCH 2021 Contents Conflict incidents by category Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Protests 2139 0 0 Conflict incidents by category 2 Battles 87 46 158 Development of conflict incidents from December 2018 to December 2020 2 Riots 50 5 11 Explosions / Remote Methodology 3 35 20 75 violence Conflict incidents per province 4 Violence against civilians 29 22 27 Strategic developments 8 0 0 Localization of conflict incidents 4 Total 2348 93 271 Disclaimer 6 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 12 March 2021). Development of conflict incidents from December 2018 to December 2020 This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 12 March 2021).
    [Show full text]
  • PAKISTAN, YEAR 2020: Update on Incidents According to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Compiled by ACCORD, 25 March 2021
    PAKISTAN, YEAR 2020: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 25 March 2021 Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities National borders: GADM, 6 May 2018a; administrative divisions: GADM, 6 May 2018b (ACCORD amended the geodata to reflect the merging of NWFP and FATA into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa); China/India border status: CIA, 2006; Kashmir border status: CIA, 2004; geodata of disputed borders: GADM, 6 May 2018a; Natural Earth, nodate; incident data: ACLED, 12 March 2021; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 PAKISTAN, YEAR 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 25 MARCH 2021 Contents Conflict incidents by category Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Protests 8109 1 11 Conflict incidents by category 2 Battles 270 173 519 Development of conflict incidents from 2012 to 2020 2 Riots 191 20 39 Violence against civilians 113 75 95 Methodology 3 Explosions / Remote 100 50 150 Conflict incidents per province 4 violence Strategic developments 29 0 0 Localization of conflict incidents 4 Total 8812 319 814 Disclaimer 6 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 12 March 2021). Development of conflict incidents from 2012 to 2020 This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 12 March 2021). 2 PAKISTAN, YEAR 2020: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 25 MARCH 2021 Methodology Geographic map data is primarily based on GADM, complemented with other sources if necessary.
    [Show full text]