(DELL)ARCH INSTALLATION

INFORMATION Current installed version archlinux-2014.05.01, is also run on the :s but way easier to install. Check out the Raspberry Pi installation document for that. Text in Bold Courier New is either something on the screen you’ll see in text or something you should type in. This guide is mainly for the Dell Dimension 9200 we use in the room, but everything could be adapted to your own computer. Just check your hard drive space and which driver you should use for your graphic card.

DOWNLOAD Get latest version from: https://www.archlinux.org/download/ Create a bootable USB drive, recommended program for that is USBWriter, since it’s just to open USBWrite, chose the .iso-file (the file you downloaded from Arch Linux’s site) and see that you have the USB plugged in and that the program finds it, then click Start. Easy as pie. http://sourceforge.net/projects/usbwriter/

Keyboard Arch Linux will have the English layout so here’s a picture in case you need it. There’s also a way of temporary switching the keyboard layout but not going to bring that up here.

(DELL)ARCH LINUX INSTALLATION

INSTALLATION Now that you have your USB ready, plug it in and let’s boot and install Arch Linux. You should get something like the picture below, choose “Boot Arch Linux (x86_64)”. If you don’t get it your boot order settings are most likely not set to have USB drive boot first (pressing F12 during boot will get you a boot order list, or F2 to go into BIOS settings, F12 usually works and there you can select USB Device).

Hard drive setup 1. Okay let’s start with the hard drive setup, start with typing: 2. cgdisk /dev/sda a. If the disk doesn’t have free space only, chose one of the partitions at a time and select Delete. When you’re left with 1 partition with “(free space)” chose Write and type yes to the question. Once you have free space go to the next step. 3. Now you should have 1 disk with ~149GB of free space. Now we’ll setup the boot partition. The steps below will be listed like questions on your screen “First sector…” -> press Enter, means just press enter when this shows up. And when it says “type: 1007KiB”, you type “1007KiB”and not “1007” and so on. Just take it slow and follow this guide word by word and you shouldn’t have any problems! 4. The disk should already be selected since it’s the only disk, now let’s create the boot: a. Select New and press Enter. b. First sector -> press Enter . Size in sector -> type: 1007KiB -> press Enter d. Hex Code of GUID… ->type: ef02 -> press Enter e. Enter a partition name -> press Enter

(DELL)ARCH LINUX INSTALLATION

5. Create the root a. Select the free space (the big “free space”), then… b. Select New and press Enter c. First sector -> press Enter d. Size in sector -> type: 20GB -> press Enter (20GB is for the root catalogue) e. Hex Code of GUID -> press Enter f. Enter partition name -> press Enter 6. Creating the swap a. Select free space (the big “free space”), then… b. Select New and press Enter c. First sector -> press Enter d. Size in sector -> type: 2GB -> press Enter (Or if you want larger, go ahead) e. Hex Code of GUID -> press Enter f. Enter partition name -> type: swap -> press Enter 7. Creating the home a. Select free space (the big “free space”), then b. Select New and press Enter c. First sector -> press Enter d. Size in sector -> type: 120GB -> press Enter (or the leftovers) e. Hex Code of GUID -> press Enter f. Enter partition name -> type: home -> press Enter 8. Select Write which will ask you to confirm the changes. Type: yes and when it’s done, select Quit. 9. If you want to see the structure type: lsblk, but we should have at least have 4 parts of sda, where: a. sda1 – (BIOS Boot) b. sda2 – (ROOT) c. sda3 – (SWAP) d. sda4 – (HOME) File system setup Now we’re going to format the partitions for an ext4 file system 1. ROOT and HOME a. mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 b. mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda4 2. SWAP a. mkswap /dev/sda3 b. swapon /dev/sda3 3. Type: lsblk /dev/sda to see if changes are correct.

(DELL)ARCH LINUX INSTALLATION

Base system installation Now we’ll need to root and then create the home directory. 1. mount /dev/sda2 /mnt 2. mkdir /mnt/home 3. mount /dev/sda4 /mnt/home Edit the mirror list If you’re lucky you might have to skip this, but that’s no way to solve a problem. So open up the mirror list file: nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist and you’ll find tons of servers. You can pick any HIGH scored server you’d like, but I picked the Swedish one at the time and it worked for this. Move this server to the top of the list like this:

Installing base packages 1. Type: pacstrap –i /mnt base base-devel 2. Select the default=all by pressing Enter Configure fstab NOTE! The command you’ll type here should only be written once, even if there are issues. It can screw things up Badly. Type: genfstab –U –p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

Now to check if it is OK type: nano /mnt/etc/fstab where you should spot your root and home mounted. Next type arch- /mnt Language/Location/Time Zone settings 1. To get up a file to set the language a. Type: nano /etc/locale.gen b. Uncomment the language you want – en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 c. Now type: locale-gen d. Then type: echo LANG=en_US.UTF8 > /etc/locale.conf e. And then type: export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 2. For the time zone settings for our local time, “Helsinki time” follow these steps a. ln –s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Helsinki > /etc/localtime b. Change the time to UTC -> type: hwclock -–systohc -–utc (DELL)ARCH LINUX INSTALLATION

3. EXTRA! If you want to change the hostname (standard name is localhost) you can type this: echo THE_HOSTNAME_YOU_WANT > /etc/hostname a. Ex: echo pingu.ha.it > /etc/hostname Repositories 1. Type nano /etc/pacman.conf 2. Uncomment the [multilib]Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist repo -> and then press Ctrl+X -> Y -> press Enter 3. Update the repos by typing: pacman -Sy Create user 1. Set root password -> type passwd a. It will ask you to enter a root password -> set it as root 2. Then create a user 3. useradd –m –g users –G wheel,storage,power –s /bin/ USER_NAME a. (Where USER_NAME is what you want.) 4. Change password -> type: passwd USER_NAME 5. Get sudo -> pacman –S sudo 6. pacman –Ss sudo 7. Give sudo privileges to user a. EDITOR=nano visudo i. Uncomment/remove the “#” before: %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL 8. Also install auto completion of names on packages: a. pacman –S bash-completion Install the boot loader 1. pacman –S grub 2. grub-install -–target=i386-pc –-recheck /dev/sda 3. To have grub check for more OS:s, install prober -> pacman –S os-prober 4. grub-mkconfig –o /boot/grub/grub.cfg 5. To keep the internet connection after reboots: a. systemctl enable dhcpd.service b. systemctl start dhcpcd.service 6. Now we’re done with configuration of Arch Linux so we’ll reboot and start installing graphic drivers and such things. 7. To finish of the installation a. exit b. umount –R /mnt c. reboot d. REMOVE THE USB!

(DELL)ARCH LINUX INSTALLATION

Installing X/Graphic card drivers You can login as root to follow steps below, else you may also login as the user you created, but then you’ll have to use sudo when it will say permission denied and so on. So login as root for the convenience. 1. pacman –S xorg-server xorg-server-utils xorg-xinit 2. pacman –S mesa 3. Now we need to specify the graphic card’s drivers. Our Dell use 8000 series -> 4. pacman –S nvidia 5. REBOOT! 6. Login as root again 7. (Extra if you use this guide for a laptop) a. Install this for touch-pad and so on: pacman –S xf86-input-synaptics 8. pacman –S xorg-twm xorg-xclock xterm 9. Let’s check if X is working -> type: startx 10. If you get some fancy windows opened up, it works. Close of the windows by picking the first or the window to the left and type ‘exit’ and hit Enter. Installing KDE 1. pacman –S 2. (it will take a while, in case you get lots of errors of fetching files for webpages like ERROR 404, you should cancel it and recheck your mirror list setup like we did previously) 3. When it’s installed type a. systemctl enable kdm.service b. systemctl start kdm.service LAPTOP extra In case you want to setup a wireless manager for your laptop run this: 1. pacman –S kdeplasma-applets-plasma-nm 2. systemctl enable NetworkManager 3. systemctl start NetworkManager 4. Problems with the network? a. systemctl disable dhcpcd.service Audio sudo pacman –S alsa-utils pulseaudio kdemultimedia-kmix

ARCH LINUX INSTALLED! That’s it! Now you should have a base Arch Linux installation. The next part will be instructions to get some programs installed, or adjustments you need to do. Like the keyboard layout is probably in ENG at the moment. (DELL)ARCH LINUX INSTALLATION

Base things to do after installation and boot up I’ll list some basic things you would want to make your Arch-life easier. Switching keyboard layout

(DELL)ARCH LINUX INSTALLATION

The pictures above should be self-explanatory. Get yaourt Most of the things you can look up to get at https://www.archlinux.org/packages/ and just use sudo pacman –S “NAME OF PACKAGE” to get packages. However, yaourt (Yet AnOther User Repository Tool) makes it even easier. But there are some simple steps to set it up to work. 1. Open the terminal and type: a. sudo nano /etc/pacman.conf 2. Add the text below into the file: [archlinuxfr] SigLevel = Never Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/$arch

3. It should look like this:

a. 4. Save the file and exit 5. Now type in the terminal a. sudo pacman –Sy yaourt 6. You’re done! Now if you want to use yaourt you can just type: sudo yaourt -> it will list everything it can find, usually the 1st one is the one we want, so scroll up and check and if you see that it says something like “Standard Mozilla Firefox Web Browser” you should be okay, the number on the left is the number to remember, scroll down again and just enter: 1, (if firefox was the first etc.) then press Enter, and Y and you’re done. These are the programs I’ve installed after a clean installation: 1. firefox 2. flashplugin 3. sublime

Git installation sudo pacman –S git

You’re done.