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Eastern Africa's Manufacturing Sector: a National Validation Workshop on November 12Th 2013
Eastern Africa’s Manufacturing Sector Promoting Technology, Innovation, Productivity And Linkages SEYCHELLES COUNTRY REPORT October 2014 EASTERN AFRICA’S MANUFACTURING SECTOR Promoting technology, innovation, productivity and linkages SEYCHELLES COUNTRY REPORT October 2014 EASTERN AFRICA’S MANUFACTURING SECTOR - SEYCHELLES COUNTRY REPORT THE AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP The production of this report has been coordinated by the African Development Bank (AfBD). Designations employed in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion of the institution concerning the legal status of any country, or the limitation of its frontier. While efforts have been made to present reliable information, the AfDB accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any consequences of its use. Vice President: Zondo Sakala Regional Director (EARC): Gabriel Negatu Lead Economists: Stefan Muller, Abraham Mwenda Chief Regional Economist and Task Manager of the Report: Tilahun Temesgen Senior Country Economist: Susan Mpande Copyright 2014 – AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP Photo Credits: AfDB photo files. PUBLISHED BY African Development Bank Group – Eastern Africa Regional Resource Centre (EARC) Khushee Tower Longonot Road, Upper Hill Nairobi, Kenya Phone: (254) 20 2712925/26/28 Fax: (254) 202712938 Email: [email protected] Website: www.afdb.org TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary..................................................................................................................................................................ix Introduction..............................................................................................................................................................................xii -
Mapping the Information Environment in the Pacific Island Countries: Disruptors, Deficits, and Decisions
December 2019 Mapping the Information Environment in the Pacific Island Countries: Disruptors, Deficits, and Decisions Lauren Dickey, Erica Downs, Andrew Taffer, and Heidi Holz with Drew Thompson, S. Bilal Hyder, Ryan Loomis, and Anthony Miller Maps and graphics created by Sue N. Mercer, Sharay Bennett, and Michele Deisbeck Approved for Public Release: distribution unlimited. IRM-2019-U-019755-Final Abstract This report provides a general map of the information environment of the Pacific Island Countries (PICs). The focus of the report is on the information environment—that is, the aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that shape public opinion through the dissemination of news and information—in the PICs. In this report, we provide a current understanding of how these countries and their respective populaces consume information. We map the general characteristics of the information environment in the region, highlighting trends that make the dissemination and consumption of information in the PICs particularly dynamic. We identify three factors that contribute to the dynamism of the regional information environment: disruptors, deficits, and domestic decisions. Collectively, these factors also create new opportunities for foreign actors to influence or shape the domestic information space in the PICs. This report concludes with recommendations for traditional partners and the PICs to support the positive evolution of the information environment. This document contains the best opinion of CNA at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the sponsor or client. Distribution Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. 12/10/2019 Cooperative Agreement/Grant Award Number: SGECPD18CA0027. This project has been supported by funding from the U.S. -
LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION Commemorating the 32Nd Anniversary of the Inde- Pendence of Antigua and Barbuda
LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION commemorating the 32nd Anniversary of the Inde- pendence of Antigua and Barbuda WHEREAS, It is the sense of this Legislative Body to recognize and pay just tribute to the cultural heritage of the ethnic groups which comprise and contribute to the richness and diversity of the community of the State of New York; and WHEREAS, Attendant to such concern, and in keeping with its time-ho- nored traditions, it is the intent of this Legislative Body to commem- orate the 32nd Anniversary of the Independence of Antigua and Barbuda; and WHEREAS, The people of this great State and nation and Antigua and Barbuda enjoy a deep and abiding relationship rooted in kinship and culture; and WHEREAS, Antigua and Barbuda's Independence Day is celebrated on November 1st of every year; and WHEREAS, Antigua and Barbuda is a small island country in the Northern Leeward Islands of the Caribbean Sea; the country consists of three islands, Antigua, Barbuda and Redonda, with an estimated population of around 80,000 inhabitants; and WHEREAS, Antigua and Barbuda's main economy is tourism; natives are known for their strong skills of arts and crafts; and WHEREAS, The majority of the population are descendants of African slaves who were brought to grow sugar cane and tobacco on the island in the colonial era - such as the British in the 17th century; and WHEREAS, In 1493, it is said the island of Antigua was sighted by Christopher Columbus and named after a Spanish church in Seville; it was not until 1632 when the British colonized Antigua, Barbuda -
The Gordian Knot: American and British Policy Concerning the Cyprus Issue: 1952-1974
THE GORDIAN KNOT: AMERICAN AND BRITISH POLICY CONCERNING THE CYPRUS ISSUE: 1952-1974 Michael M. Carver A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2006 Committee: Dr. Douglas J. Forsyth, Advisor Dr. Gary R. Hess ii ABSTRACT Douglas J. Forsyth, Advisor This study examines the role of both the United States and Great Britain during a series of crises that plagued Cyprus from the mid 1950s until the 1974 invasion by Turkey that led to the takeover of approximately one-third of the island and its partition. Initially an ancient Greek colony, Cyprus was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in the late 16th century, which allowed the native peoples to take part in the island’s governance. But the idea of Cyprus’ reunification with the Greek mainland, known as enosis, remained a significant tenet to most Greek-Cypriots. The movement to make enosis a reality gained strength following the island’s occupation in 1878 by Great Britain. Cyprus was integrated into the British imperialist agenda until the end of the Second World War when American and Soviet hegemony supplanted European colonialism. Beginning in 1955, Cyprus became a battleground between British officials and terrorists of the pro-enosis EOKA group until 1959 when the independence of Cyprus was negotiated between Britain and the governments of Greece and Turkey. The United States remained largely absent during this period, but during the 1960s and 1970s came to play an increasingly assertive role whenever intercommunal fighting between the Greek and Turkish-Cypriot populations threatened to spill over into Greece and Turkey, and endanger the southeastern flank of NATO. -
Rising Islands
THESIS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY JUNE 2015 Rising Islands Enhancing adaptive capacities in Kiribati through Migration with Dignity SANDRA DUONG Master's Thesis in Geography, 30 credits Supervisor: Martina Angela Caretta Department of Human Geography, Stockholm University www.humangeo.su.se ABSTRACT Duong, Sandra (2015). Rising Islands - Enhancing adaptive capacities in Kiribati through Migration with Dignity. Human Geography, advanced level, Master thesis for Master Exam in Human Geography, 30 ECTS credits. Supervisor: Martina Angela Caretta Language: English The main body of research within climate-change induced migration has focused on displacement migration. The “sinking islands” reference is often used to describe island states being in the forefront of climate change impacts, and their inhabitants at risk of becoming the first climate change refugees in history. The aim of this thesis is to understand what circumstances are needed for Kiribati’s ‘Migration with Dignity’ concept to enhance the adaptive capacity of livelihoods. By using the Sustainable Livelihood Approach this thesis examines what impacts climate change has on different aspects of livelihoods in Kiribati. This study uses a case study approach. Data has been collected through 14 semi-structured interviews during an eight weeks long minor field study on the capital atoll South Tarawa. While Kiribati faces many development challenges, being a least developed country with a rent-based economy, climate change puts additional strains on the country’s capacities to cope with the increasing monetization and urbanisation, and abilities to satisfy the growing population’s aspirations. The empirical evidence shows a need among the population to find education and skilled wage employment. -
Ecoregions of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain
92° 91° 90° 89° 88° Ecoregions of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain Cape Girardeau 73cc 72 io Ri Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of This level III and IV ecoregion map was compiled at a scale of 1:250,000 and depicts revisions and Literature Cited: PRINCIPAL AUTHORS: Shannen S. Chapman (Dynamac Corporation), Oh ver environmental resources; they are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the research, subdivisions of earlier level III ecoregions that were originally compiled at a smaller scale (USEPA Bailey, R.G., Avers, P.E., King, T., and McNab, W.H., eds., 1994, Omernik, J.M., 1987, Ecoregions of the conterminous United States (map Barbara A. Kleiss (USACE, ERDC -Waterways Experiment Station), James M. ILLINOIS assessment, management, and monitoring of ecosystems and ecosystem components. By recognizing 2003, Omernik, 1987). This poster is part of a collaborative effort primarily between USEPA Region Ecoregions and subregions of the United States (map) (supplementary supplement): Annals of the Association of American Geographers, v. 77, no. 1, Omernik, (USEPA, retired), Thomas L. Foti (Arkansas Natural Heritage p. 118-125, scale 1:7,500,000. 71 the spatial differences in the capacities and potentials of ecosystems, ecoregions stratify the VII, USEPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (Corvallis, Oregon), table of map unit descriptions compiled and edited by McNab, W.H., and Commission), and Elizabeth O. Murray (Arkansas Multi-Agency Wetland Bailey, R.G.): Washington, D.C., U.S. Department of Agriculture - Forest Planning Team). 37° environment by its probable response to disturbance (Bryce and others, 1999). -
Status of the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila Heliaca) in the European Part of Turkey
ACTA ZOOLOGICA BULGARICA Acta zool. bulg., Suppl. 3, 2011: 87-93 Status of the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) in the European part of Turkey Dimitar A. Demerdzhiev1, Stoycho A. Stoychev2, Nikolay G. Terziev2, and Ivaylo D. Angelov2 1 31 Bulgaria Blv�., 4230 Asenovgra�, Bulgaria; E�mails: �emer�jiev@yahoo.�om; �_�emer�[email protected]; w��.bspb.org 2 Haskovo 6300, P.O.Box 130, Bulgaria; E�mails: stoy�hev.s@gmail.�om; w��.bspb.org; [email protected]; ivailoange� [email protected]; w��.bspb.org Abstract: This arti�le presents the results of the �rst more �etaile� stu�ying on the �istribution an� numbers of the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Аquila heliaca SA V I G NY 1809) population in the European part of Turkey. T�enty territories o��upie� by Imperial Eagle pairs, �istribute� in three �ifferent regions �ere �is�overe� �uring the perio� 2008�2009. The bree�ing population was estimate� at 30�50 pairs. The stu�y i�enti�e� t�o main habitat types typi�al of the Imperial Eagles in European Turkey – open hilly areas an� lo� mountain areas (up to 450 m a.s.l.) an� lo� relief plain areas (50�150 m a.s.l.). Poplar trees (Populus sp. L) were i�enti�e� as the most preferre� nesting substratum (44%), follo�e� by Oaks (Quercus sp. L) (40%). Bree�ing �ensity �as 1 pair/100 km2 in both habitat types. The shortest �istan�e bet�een t�o bree�ing pairs �as 5.8 km re�or�e� in plain areas in the Thra�e region. -
Kiribati Key Indicators for Kiribati (2017) World Pacific Fixed-Telephone Sub
Asia & Kiribati Key indicators for Kiribati (2017) World Pacific Fixed-telephone sub. per 100 inhab. 0�7 9�5 13�0 Difficult geographical and economic Mobile-cellular sub. per 100 inhab. 39�6 104�0 103�6 circumstances inhibit telecommunications Active mobile-broadband sub. per 100 inhab. 42�0 60�3 61�9 development in this remote Pacific island 3G coverage (% of population) 48�0 91�3 87�9 country. Recent sector changes and the arrival of LTE/WiMAX coverage (% of population) 45�0 86�9 76�3 a submarine cable will lower costs and make the Individuals using the Internet (%) 14.6 44�3 48�6 Internet more accessible. Households with a computer (%) 7.3 38�9 47�1 Households with Internet access (%) 6.9 49�0 54�7 Mobile services: Amalgamated Telecoms Holdings International bandwidth per Internet user (kbit/s) 18�9 61�7 76�6 Kiribati Limited (ATHKL) is currently the only Fixed-broadband sub. per 100 inhab. 0�1 13�0 13�6 mobile operator. ATHKL was created in May 2015 Fixed-broadband sub. by speed tiers, % distribution when Amalgamated Telecoms Holdings of Fiji -256 kbit/s to 2 Mbit/s 13�2 2�4 4�2 acquired the assets of the incumbent Telecom -2 to 10 Mbit/s 85�5 7�6 13�2 Services of Kiribati Limited (TSKL) on the islands -equal to or above 10 Mbit/s 1�3 90�0 82�6 of South Tarawa, Betio and Kiritimati. ATHKL is Note: Data in italics are ITU estimates. Source: ITU (as of June 2018). -
Chapter 4 the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau
Chapter 4 The Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau By Anirban Biswas A. Brief overview of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement During the past decade the intraregional share of total Asia-Pacific exports increased from 44% in 2000 to 52% in 2013, with developing Asia-Pacific countries making the highest contribution.1 In this regard, regional trade agreements such as APTA could be a very good platform for expanding intraregional trade under the agreement. As APTA provides a good platform for South-South trade and has provisions for special and differential treatment for small Pacific Island countries with special needs, such as Micronesian Trade and Economic Community (MTEC) member countries – the Federated States of Micronesia (hereinafter referred to as Micronesia), the Marshall Islands and Palau, these three countries can reap the benefits from increasing trade in the region by joining APTA.2 This section discusses briefly how the study objective was conceived and provides an overview of trade among the Participating States of APTA. It also sets the objective, and discusses the methodology and data sources related to the study. In section B, the economic background, geographical condition, historical/political aspects and external trade structures as well as different preferential trade agreements of the Marshall Islands, Micronesia and Palau are discussed. Section C evaluates the export potential for the Marshall Islands, Micronesia and Palau by examining their exports under the existing concessions given by the Participating States of APTA (covering more than 10,000 items in the Fourth Round). The export potential at 6-digit Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) level has been identified. -
Status of the Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila Heliaca in Bulgaria Between
Chancellor, R. D. & B.-U. Meyburg eds. 2004 Raptors Worldwide WWGBP/MME Status of the Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca in Bulgaria between 1994 and 2002 Stoycho Stoychev, Ivelin Ivanov, Tzeno Petrov, Simeon Marin5Dimitar Demerdzhiev, Gradimir Gradev and Dobromir Domuschiev ABSTRACT In Bulgaria between the years 1994 to 2002, research, monitoring and conservation activities on the Eastern Imperial Eagle significantly increased. The total Bulgarian population is estimated to be between 20 to 25 pairs. Fifteen nest sites were discovered. Most of the areas important for breeding are located along the border with Turkey in the Sakar Mountains (7 nests) and Strandja mountains -Dervent Heights (5 nests). The majority of the territories (86%) are located in areas of elevation between 150 and 400m. Seventy-six percent of the nests discovered were in poplar trees. During the nine years of study, almost 65% of the breeding attempts surveyed were successful. The mean breeding success was one young per occupied nest and 1.54 chicks per successful nest. However, during the years 1998-2000, which coincided with an increase in the number of monitored nests, the breeding success was between 0.83 and 0.91 fledglings per occupied nest. The adult birds were mainly sedentary, spending the winter in the breeding territories. Three wintering and temporary settlement areas important for immature birds were identified. The main threats to Imperial Eagles in Bulgaria are: disturbance, cutting of poplar trees and abandonment of pastures INTRODUCTION At the end of the 19th century, Imperial Eagles Aquila heliaca were widespread throughout Bulgaria. Leverkuhn (after Boev 1978) reported 1,824 nests. -
New Zealand CJPME Foundation – Human Rights Report Series Published August, 2018
Middle East - New Zealand CJPME Foundation – Human Rights Report Series Published August, 2018 New Zealand - Human Rights Scorecard 1 New Zealand is an island country in the Southern Pacific Ocean east of Australia..2 The country received independence from the British Empire in 1947, though it remains part of the British commonwealth. New Zealand is a highly developed democracy that ranks towards the top in education and quality of life. The indigenous Māori and other Polynesian ethnic groups continue to comprise a large portion of the population, and New Zealand has undergone a revivalist movement to restore rights and cultural empowerment to the colonized indigenous populations. Official language: English, Māori, NZ Sign Language Ethnic groups: 74.0% White European; 14.9% Māori; 11.8% Asian; 7.4% Pacific peoples; 2.9% Other Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy - Monarch: Elizabeth II - Prime Minister: Jacinda Ardern - Governor-General: Dame Patsy Reddy Population: 4.9 million Life expectancy: 81 years Under-5 mortality: 6 per 1000 Adult literacy: 99% Death penalty: Abolished Section 1: Overall Development The overall development of a country – considering education, health, income, and other factors – is a strong indicator of whether average citizens have a reasonable chance to enjoy social and economic well-being and mobility. Human Development (UNDP Human Development Index (HDI)) 3 0.915 – Very High Human Development 4 According to the UNDP, New Zealanders enjoyed a gross national income per capita of $32,870, could expect to have on average 12.5 years of schooling. Compared to other countries with similar gross national income per capita, this is a very high HDI. -
Coastal Grasslands
LONG ISLAND SOUND HABITAT RESTORATION INITIATIVE SECTION 4: COASTAL GRASSLANDS Technical Support for Coastal Habitat Restoration SECTION 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS COASTAL GRASSLANDS ..........................................................4-1 DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................. 4-1 Maritime Grasses..............................................................................................4-1 Sand Plains ......................................................................................................4-1 Hempstead Plains ............................................................................................4-2 Old Field Grasslands ........................................................................................4-3 VALUES AND FUNCTIONS ........................................................................... 4-3 STATUS AND TRENDS ................................................................................. 4-4 DEGRADED GRASSLANDS AND RESTORATION METHODS.............................. 4-6 SPECIFIC RESTORATION OBJECTIVES ........................................................... 4-7 RESTORATION SUCCESS AND MONITORING................................................. 4-8 LITERATURE CITED ..................................................................................... 4-9 LIST OF FIGURES SECTION 4 FIGURE 4-1. Newly Seeded Little Bluestem .......................................................4-1 FIGURE 4-2. Farm Field with Common Reed, Shrubs, and Invasive