TCRP H-52 Task 3. Mini Case Studies 36 Transit Agencies

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United States

California Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority Foothill Transit (GCRTA) Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation Oregon District (GGBHTD) Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation District Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation of Oregon (TriMet) Authority (Metro) Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board (Caltrain) Pennsylvania San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) Port Authority of Allegheny County Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) Texas Colorado Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority Denver Regional Transportation District (RTD) (Capital Metro) Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) Connecticut Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County Connecticut Department of Transportation (METRO) (ConnDOT) Sun Metro Illinois Utah Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) Utah Transit Authority (UTA) Northeast Illinois Regional Commuter Railroad Corporation (Metra) Virginia Pace - Suburban Bus Division (Pace) Fairfax County Department of Transportation (Fairfax Connector) Massachusetts Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Washington, D.C. (MBTA) Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation Authority (WMATA) Minnesota Metro Transit Washington Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Authority New Jersy (Sound Transit) New Jersey Transit (NJ TRANSIT) Clark County Public Transportation Benefi t New York Area Authority (C-TRAN) MTA Metro-North Railroad (Metro-North) Intercity Transit King County Metro Transit Division (King County North Carolina Metro) Charlotte Area Transit System (CATS) Kitsap Transit Ohio Pierce County Public Transportation Benefi t Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) Area Corporation (Pierce Transit) Snohomish County Public Transportation (Community Transit)

(Canadian transit agencies continued on the next page) Canada

Alberta Calgary Transit (CT) British Columbia South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority (TransLink) Foothill Transit West Covina, CA

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Launched in 1988 in response to service cuts and fare Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ increases announced by the Southern California Rapid On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ Transit District, Foothill Transit assumed responsibility for Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ bus operation in the San Gabriel and Pomona Valleys, Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ including Pasadena and downtown Los Angeles. The Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Foothill Transit Joint Powers Authority Board is comprised Ticket machines  of 22 member cities and the County of Los Angeles, divided into five regional clusters. Regional representatives Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ are elected annually to serve on a five-member executive All Some None board. Foothill Transit is mainly funded by Los Angeles NA ☐ ☐ ☐ County Proposition A and C funds, the California State On-site – all-times  On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ Transportation Development Act, and State Transit Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ Assistance funds. Twenty-five percent of the transit Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ agency’s funding in generated through farebox revenues. Recording cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐ There are 330 buses in Foothill Transit’s fleet, operating 36 entry, etc. local and express bus routes in a 327 square mile service area. Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Region of Operation: West Foothill Transit owns some park-and-ride facilities and enters into formal lease/rental agreements for park-and-ride  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban facilities. Between 51–75 percent of Foothill Transit’s  Between 1,000 and 2,999 Parking Spaces park-and-ride facilities are provided by entities other than Foothill Transit. The transit agency operates park-and-ride Operating Context service from shared-use parking lots, as well as from park- In the last five years, Foothill Transit has significantly and-ride facilities provided by municipalities, other local or modified park-and-ride facilities by adding structured regional public agencies, and the state department of parking to increase capacity. transportation, Caltrans.

Some park-and-ride facilities have a kiss-and-ride drop-off Parking Charges as of January 2016 area, parking to join transit agency sponsored vanpools, and informal ridesharing. All park-and-ride facilities have Foothill Transit does not charge for parking at bicycle parking. Foothill Transit has different policies for park-and-ride facilities. weekend use at park-and-ride facilities, and the transit agency allows the facilities to be used for special event Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) parking. Foothill Transit has standard operating procedures (SOPs) for management, facility maintenance, safety and security Modes Operated at park-and-ride facilitates, and asset management.  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Contracted Parking Management ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) The transit agency contracts with a private vendor ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) specifically to provide park-and-ride management. ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair Excludes demand response modes. Foothill Transit has SOPs for facility and asset management. Park-and-ride facilities are integrated into Parking by Mode Foothill Transit’s asset management plan. Modes Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 11 2,838 Planning, Estimating and Managing Rail 0 0 Demand for Parking Ferry 0 0 Foothill Transit has a formal process to plan for park-and- Total 11 2,838 ride facilities. The transit agency regularly measures park- Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database and-ride facility utilization, but does not use a specific Foothill Transit West Covina, CA demand estimation model or methodology to estimate TCRP H-52 References demand for park-and-ride facilities for public  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 transportation.  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Foothill Transit has no park-and-ride facilities where Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition demand for parking regularly exceeds the supply of  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan parking spaces available. The transit agency’s H-52 and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public response explained that, despite not exceeding demand, Transportation Foothill Transit provides a list of other park-and-ride facility locations owned and operated by the state or Transit Agency References municipalities in case customers need to park elsewhere  Foothill Transit http://foothilltransit.org/ (due to congestion or closure). Within the last five years, at least one of the transit agency’s park-and-ride facilities has experienced low demand on a regular basis. Foothill Transit manages low demand by offering free parking or promotional fares, and modifying transit service to encourage use of available parking.

Design Features Foothill Transit has coordinated park-and-ride facility design features to complement adjacent developments or neighborhoods. The transit agency did not provide examples.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Foothill Transit has financially participated in at least one TOD on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility for public transportation; however, the transit agency did not provide information about this TOD experience.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) According to the transit agency’s H-52 response, Foothill Transit has not participated in a public-private partnership associated with park-and-ride facilities. Challenges A specific challenge facing the transit agency is monitoring parking spaces. Foothill Transit is building a new shared- use parking structure that will be shared with Los Angeles

Metro (to provide access to that transit agency’s Gold Line light rail) and a municipality. Although proper signage will be installed, the transit agency is concerned the commuters using light rail will use Foothill Transit’s dedicated parking spaces for bus service. As of December 2015, the transit agency did not have plans or budget to hire a parking attendant to monitor the parking spaces. However, Foothill Transit may need to budget for this position in the future if parking availability becomes an issue for Foothill Transit customers.

Innovation As of 2013, Foothill Transit’s bus fleet is comprised entirely of CNG and all-electric vehicles. In 2014, the transit agency began operating the first fast-charge electric bus line in the United States, Line 291 between La Verne, CA, and Pomona, CA.

Last Updated: February 2016 Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (GGBHTD) San Francisco, CA

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ Background Elec. veh. charging   ☐ ☐ The Golden Gate Bridge Highway and Transportation Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ District (GGBHTD) was created under the Bridge and Ticket machines  ☐ ☐ ☐ Highway Act of 1923. GGBHTD operates and maintains the Golden Gate Bridge (which opened to traffic in 1937), and provides public transit services via the Golden Gate Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ All Some None Transit buses (began in 1972) and Golden Gate Ferry NA (launched in 1970). The transit agency is governed by a On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ 19-member board of directors representing six counties— On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ San Francisco, Marin, Sonoma, Napa, Mendocino, and Del Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ Norte. GGBHTD receives approximately 50 percent of its Monitored cameras ☐ ☐  ☐ funding from surplus Golden Gate Bridge tolls and Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated 20 percent from transit fares. The remaining 30 percent is ☐  ☐ ☐ met by federal, state, and local subsidies, grants, GGBHTD entry, etc. reserves, and revenue from advertising, concessions, and property equipment rentals. In 2013, the population of Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities GGBHTD’s 160 square mile service area was 869,000. Golden Gate Transit buses serve park-and-ride facilities owned by CalTrans and other transit providers. GGBHTD  Region of Operation: West does not lease or rent park-and-ride facilities, and some  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban park-and-ride facilities operate under informal agreements.  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces GGBHTD regularly coordinates with transit service Operating Context partners, cities, and counties in the region to guide service delivery and transit fare coordination, and to discuss GGBHTD’s parking facilities serve both bus and ferry facility needs such as bus stop improvements and service modes. GGBHTD owns two park-and-ride facilities changes. Larkspur Ferry Terminal and Division 3 in Santa Rosa. The lot at the Larkspur Ferry Terminal includes about 2,100 spaces with reserved spaces for carpools and electric Parking Charges as of January 2016 vehicle charging locations. The lot at Division 3 has 214 Parking spaces located at the Larkspur Ferry Terminal public parking spaces and a passenger waiting area. park-and-ride facility are available on a first-come, first- Golden Gate Transit buses also serve nine park-and-ride served basis at $2.00 per weekday or $20.00 per month. facilities in Sonoma County and 15 in Marin County. Parking at Division 3 and Caltrans operated park-and-ride facilities are free of charge. Modes Operated A mobile-based, integrated parking and payment system,  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Parkmobile, is used to collect daily and monthly parking ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) fees. Travelers can also use WageWorks and Commuter ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) Check benefits to pay for parking at park-and-ride ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB)  Ferry (FB) facilities. ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) Excludes demand response modes. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) GGBHTD uses standard operating procedures to manage Parking by Mode park-and-ride use, facility maintenance, safety, security, access management, parking charges, and direct asset Stations/Lots Spaces management. Bus 4 5,829 Rail 0 0 Ferry 1 1,803 Contracted Parking Management Total 5 7,632 GGBHTD does not contract with a private vendor for Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database park-and-ride management. Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (GGBHTD) San Francisco, CA

Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair park-and-ride facility news, and other pertinent According to the GGBHTD Comprehensive Annual information. GGBHTD also provides ferry service from Report, in FY 14/15, GGBHTD completed several the Larkspur Ferry Terminal to AT&T Park for sporting maintenance and state-of-good-repair projects including and special events, including Giants games, concerts, and capital improvements to parking lots and restroom Super Bowl 50. By providing free ferry shuttle service and replacements at park-and-ride facilities. ridesharing, GGBHTD encourages alternatives to single- occupant driving. Planning, Estimating and Managing TCRP H-52 References Demand for Parking The transit agency manages excess demand by charging for  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 parking, on-site personnel to direct traffic, re-striping to  American Public Transit Association (APTA) increase the number of spaces, expanding surface parking Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition capacity by adding space, adjusting or reducing transit  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan service, and optional overflow parking locations. and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation To accommodate increased demand at the Larkspur Ferry Terminal park-and-ride facility, GGBHTD added an Transit Agency References overflow surface lot with up to 300 additional spaces.  Golden Gate Bridge, Highway, and Transportation District: http://www.goldengate.org/ GGBHTD also has park-and-ride facilities with low  Golden Gate Bridge: http://goldengatebridge.org/ demand. Low demand is managed by offering free parking,  Golden Gate Transit: http://goldengatetransit.org/ promotional fares, and modifying transit service to  Golden Gate Ferry: http://goldengateferry.org/ encourage use of available parking.  GGBHTD Comprehensive Annual Financial Report: GGBHTD does not use a specific demand estimation http://goldengate.org/organization/documents/CAFR-FY15.pdf model or methodology to estimate demand for  GGBHTD Short-Range Transit Plan, FY 2015–2014: http://goldengatetransit.org/services/documents/srtp-fy2015- park-and-ride facilities; however, GGBHTD regularly 2024.pdf measures park-and-ride facility utilization.  CalTrans park-and-ride lot information: http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist4/highwayops/parkandride/ Design Features  Golden Gate Gazette: GGBHTD has coordinated park-and-ride facility design http://goldengate.org/news/documents/gazette-winter-2015.pdf features to complement adjacent developments or neighborhoods. The transit agency did not provide examples. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) GGBHTD has not financially participated in a transit oriented development opportunity on or adjacent to a park- and-ride facility.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) GGBHTD has not participated in a public-private partnership associated with park-and-ride facilities.

Challenges GGBHTD has limited oversight for the majority of park- and-ride facilities served by the transit agency.

Innovation GGBHTD uses an Advanced Communication and Information System to provide real-time information on bus and ferry transit systems. Transit schedules are adjusted quarterly to improve system efficiency, and WiFi is available onboard all transit buses. A quarterly newsletter, the Golden Gate Gazette, is published for travelers and provides up-to-date service information, Last Updated: February 2016 Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) Los Angeles, CA

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ Background Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ Authority (Metro) serves as the transportation planner, Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ coordinator, designer, builder, and operator for more than Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ 8.6 million people within its 1,513-square-mile service area in Los Angeles County. A 14-member board of Park-and-Ride Security directors and 20 executive staff members governs Metro. Unsure/ All Some None NA Metro is funded by 145 different sources, including a sales On-site – all-times ☐  ☐ ☐ and gas tax that provides 49 percent of the transit agency’s On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ revenue. Additional revenue includes 23 percent from Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ federal, state, and local grants, 20 percent from bond Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ proceeds, and 8 percent from fare revenue, advertising, and Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated real estate. In 2008, voters approved Measure R, a 0.5-cent ☐  ☐ ☐ sales tax increase that contributes dedicated revenue to entry, etc. capital projects. Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Region of Operation: West Metro owns park-and-ride facilities and/or parking spaces,  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban and enters into rental or lease agreements and informal,  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces handshake agreement for additional park-and-ride facilities and/or parking spaces. Operating Context While Metro owns and operates park-and-ride facilities, Metro operates local fixed-route bus, express bus, bus transit services also operate from park-and-ride facilities rapid transit, heavy and light rail, and a vanpool program. provided by other municipalities, other local and regional Each mode is accessible via the transit agency’s public agencies, California Department of Transportation park-and-ride facilities in Los Angeles County. Metro has (CalTrans)., churches or non-profit organizations, and significantly modified park-and-ride facilities in the last shared-use parking lots. Twenty-six to 50 percent of park- five years by adding surface parking spaces and modifying and-ride facilities are provided by entities other than a facility to support or add transit oriented development Metro. (TOD). Parking spaces are added and/or replaced based on demand. If a park-and-ride facility is under construction or Through these partnerships, car-share companies Car2Go unavailable, commuters are given advanced notification and ZipRide are allowed to use parking owned and and are directed to the nearest parking facility. operated by Metro, including outside of traditional commute hours. Modes Operated  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Parking Charges as of January 2016 ☐ Trolley Bus (TB)  Heavy Rail (HR) Metro does not charge for parking at most park-and-ride ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) facilities. Reserved paid parking is available at 11 Metro  Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) park-and-ride locations. The reserved permit guarantees an  Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) assigned parking space in a designated park-and-ride lot until 10:30 a.m. each day. Excludes demand response modes. On November 1, 2015, the Metro Board-approved parking Parking by Mode ordinance became effective. This ordinance outlines Stations/Lots Spaces parking rates at Metro park-and-ride facilities at specific Bus 1 8,702 stations along the Blue, Red, Gold, Orange Lines, and the Rail 30 15,609 Union Station Transit Gateway Center. Ferry 0 0 Total 31 24,311 Commuters can reserve a parking space in any Metro park- Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database and-ride facility by registering online or calling the hotline. Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) Los Angeles, CA

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Metro-owned properties. There are three active JD Metro has standard operating procedures for management, projects, 16 completed projects, and 7 sites in negotiation. facility maintenance, safety and security at park-and-ride facilities, and asset management (including park-and-ride Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) facilities). Metro has participated in a public-private partnership (P3) to develop property on or adjacent to a park-and-ride Contracted Parking Management facility for public transportation. The transit agency did not Metro contracts with a private vendor to manage park-and- provide details about these partnerships; however, Metro ride facilities. has four P3 projects underway, two multimodal projects and two highway projects. Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair Lessons Learned Metro has SOPs for facility and asset management. Metro has conducted a detailed analysis examining rehabilitation Metro has learned to build for the future. For example, and replacement needs, workforce capacity, costs, and park-and-ride facilities are at capacity as soon as Metro available funding sources to complete state-of-good-repair expands capacity, so the transit agency tries to add parking projects to enhance the safety, service delivery, and quality structures if and where possible. of service Metro provides. This plan dedicates $4.8 billion over 10 years to complete these projects are restore Innovation Metro’s assets back into a state-of-good-repair. Metro received the platinum designation for their sustainability program from the American Public Planning, Estimating and Managing Transportation Association. Metro has one of the nation’s Demand for Parking largest clean-air bus fleets and proactively mitigates environmental impacts of construction projects. Metro is According to the transit agency’s SH-15 survey response, implementing a Climate Adaptation and Mitigation Plan “Metro formally adopted policies for managing its park- and Resiliency Implementation Plan to reduce risks and and-ride assets more than 10 years ago. The current vulnerabilities to existing and future infrastructure. Metro parking policy was adopted in July 2003.” As of fall 2015, is developing a First/last-Mile Strategic Plan and Complete Metro is developing a Supportive Transit Parking Program Street Policy to increase the reach of the transit system and designed to provide guidance for managing, operating, and accommodate all users. maintaining park-and-ride facilities.

Metro does not regularly measure park-and-ride facility TCRP H-52 References utilization, but estimates that typical peak parking  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 utilization is 60 percent. Although 0–25 percent of  American Public Transit Association (APTA) park-and-ride facilities are full at peak hours, Metro has Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition one or more facilities with excess demand. Excess demand  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan is managed with on-site personnel to direct traffic and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public According to the transit agency’s SH-15 survey response, Transportation “Metro estimates that the Red Line loses as many as 1,500  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit riders a day because of the North Hollywood station Supportive Parking Policies and Programs parking lot filling up by 7:30 AM”.

The Planning and Parking Management group at Metro is Transit Agency References responsible for parking and enforcement. Parking rules and  Metro Park-and-Ride Lots: regulations are applied system-wide to all park-and-ride https://www.metro.net/riding/paid_parking/ locations. Metro plans to open eight additional parking  Metro Transit Supportive Planning: facilities due to two service expansions, Expo II and https://www.metro.net/projects/tod/#whatis Foothill II.  Metro Joint Development Program: https://www.metro.net/projects/joint_dev_pgm/ Transit Oriented Development (TOD)  2014 Short Range Transportation Plan: Metro has financially participated in TOD on or adjacent to http://media.metro.net/projects_studies/srtp/report_srtp a park-and-ride facility. Since 2011, Metro’s TOD _2014.pdf Planning Grant Program has awarded over $21.5 million in  Public-Private Partnerships for Metro Projects: grants to 36 local jurisdictions in order to encourage the https://www.metro.net/projects/public_private_partners adoption of land use regulations that support TOD. hips/ppp_default/  Metro Paid Parking Ordinance: Through the Joint Development (JD) Program, Metro https://www.metro.net/riding/paid_parking/parking- collaborates with real estate developers to build TODs on ordinance/

Last Updated: February 2016 Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board (Caltrain) San Carlos, CA

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 0 0 Rail 28 7,597 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 28 7,597 Caltrain is a commuter train line that runs between San Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database Francisco and San Jose, California with additional weekday commute-hour service to Gilroy. The Caltrain Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ service offers over 90 daily trains along 77 miles of track. All Some None The train line has 33 stations from San Francisco to Gilroy. NA Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ Seven of them (Millbrae, Burlingame, San Carlos, Menlo Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Park, Palo Alto, Santa Clara, and San Jose) are listed on Restroom, temporary ☐  ☐ ☐ the National Register of Historic Places. Caltrain connects Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ to the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority light On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ rail at Tamien Station in San Jose. As reported in 2013, the Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ population of Caltrain’s 425-square-mile service area was Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ 3.7 million people. Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ Ticket machines  ☐ ☐ ☐ A joint powers agreement established the Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board in 1987. The nine-person Park-and-Ride Security board of directors shapes the current and future direction of Unsure/ All Some None Caltrain. Various entities at the local level participate in NA appointing three persons to represent each of the member On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ counties: San Mateo, Santa Clara, and San Francisco. On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ Caltrain does not have a dedicated funding source and Monitored cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  relies on a mix of federal, state, and local funds, as well as Recording cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  Physical – fences, gated passenger fares and revenues from parking. ☐ ☐  ☐ entry, etc.  Region of Operation: West  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces Caltrain operates its own park-and-ride facilities and partners with local municipalities, public agencies, and Operating Context private entities to provide additional parking. Entities other Caltrain’s park-and-ride facilities are located at the than Caltrain provide less than 25 percent of the transit commuter rail stations. Caltrain leads a funding partnership agency’s park-and-ride facilities. with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, the San Mateo County Transportation Authority, and Parking Charges as of January 2016 participating employers to operate 46 shuttle bus routes Caltrain charges a $5 daily fee for parking at stations closer between Caltrain stations and employment centers. Of the to San Francisco. Parking at the Belmont Station and 46 shuttle routes, 43 routes are free to ride with purchase of stations south of San Jose Diridon are free of charge. a Caltrain fare. Caltrain offers a monthly parking pass for $50 in conjunction with a monthly rail pass, 8-ride ticket, or a Go Modes Operated Pass. A rider may purchase a monthly parking pass with a  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) refillable Clipper card. Parking fees are waived for all cars ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) displaying either a California license plate or a parking placard for people with disabilities. ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) Caltrain uses standard operating procedures to manage Excludes demand response modes. park-and-ride use, facility maintenance, safety and security, asset management, and parking charges.

Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board (Caltrain) San Carlos, CA

Contracted Parking Management TCRP H-52 References Caltrain contracts with a private vendor to provide park-  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 and-ride facility management.  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan Caltrain has SOPs for both facility maintenance and asset and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public management. While the SOPs are not available online, Transportation Caltrain provides a projects-and-plans webpage that presents current and past projects. The most recent project Transit Agency References is from 2011, when Caltrain rehabilitated an existing  Caltrain webpage: parking lot at the South San Francisco Station. This work http://www.caltrain.com/ included improving storm drainage, leveling the pavement,  Annual Financial Reports: adding reflective stripes to pedestrian walkways, and http://www.caltrain.com/about/statsandreports/Comprehensive_Annu enhancing lighting conditions. al_Financial_Reports.html  Shuttles: http://www.caltrain.com/schedules/Shuttles.html Planning, Estimating and Managing  Parking: Demand for Parking http://www.caltrain.com/riderinfo/Parking.html Caltrain does not use a specific demand estimation model  Caltrain TOD information: or structured methodology to estimate demand for  http://www.caltrain.com/Assets/_Marketing/Caltrain+Connection/Spr park-and-ride facilities. ing+2015+Caltrain+Connection.pdf  Design Criteria: http://www.caltrain.com/Assets/_Engineering/engineering- Design Features standards/DESIGN_CRITERIA_2007R0.pdf Caltrain has specific community considerations when  Fiscal Crisis: considering the design of its facilities. The considerations http://www.caltrain.com/about/fiscalcrisis.html include minimizing impact on adjacent properties, and  Capital Program: taking into consideration historic preservation, visual http://www.caltrain.com/projectsplans/Projects/Caltrain_Capital_Pro gram.html interest, noise mitigation, and aesthetic improvements. Caltrain will attempt to address these design issues as long as doing so fits within the scope and budget of the project.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Caltrain has planned or is planning four transit oriented developments at locations adjacent to Caltrain stations, including Hillsdale, San Antonio, Redwood City, and San Carlos stations. These TODs will add 1,740 new housing units and create new retail opportunities in the area.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Caltrain has participated in a public-private partnership to develop property on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility.

Challenges Caltrain has no dedicated source of funding. The organization itself refers to the matter as a fiscal crisis. In part, this is due to the multiple and various transit agencies in the area. Each of the three counties that jointly operate Caltrain has its own transportation district that receives a permanent, dedicated source of income from a local tax. Each county has elected not to double tax to provide the

Caltrain commuter rail service.

Last Updated: February 2016 San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) Oakland, CA

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐ ☐ ☐  Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐ ☐  Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) began On-site station personnel ☐ ☐ ☐  construction of its heavy rail system in 1962 and began Concession, vending ☐ ☐ ☐  revenue service in 1972. BART operates five heavy rail Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐ ☐  lines comprised of 104 miles of track. These lines connect Real-time info. ☐ ☐ ☐  Ticket machines  ☐ ☐ ☐ Alameda, Contra Costa, San Francisco, and San Mateo Source: Transit agency website counties. BART is governed by a nine-member board of directors elected from each of the nine BART transit Park-and-Ride Security districts. The transit agency’s funding sources include Unsure/ All Some None federal funds, state funds, fares, parking revenues, property NA tax, regional bridge tolls designated for capital renovation On-site – all-times ☐ ☐ ☐  and expansion of the BART system, general obligation On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐ ☐  bonds, sales tax revenue bonds, and a dedicated 3/8 cent Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ sales tax in Alameda, Contra Costa, and San Francisco. Monitored cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  Recording cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  Physical – fences, gated  Region of Operation: West ☐ ☐ ☐  entry, etc.  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Source: Transit agency website  Between 25,000 and 49,999 Parking Spaces Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities Operating Context BART owns and manages all of its own parking and is BART transit district owns and manages parking facilities looking for opportunities to develop shared parking at 33 of the transit agency’s stations, including 15 parking partnerships. At this time, BART does not partner with structures and 30 surface parking lots. The transit agency another entity. The transit agency regularly participates in only operates heavy rail facilities. Some stations are served discussions regarding municipal parking policies. by a low-cost or no-cost shuttle service; however, the transit agency does not identify which stations are served Parking Charges as of February 1, 2016 or for what purpose the shuttles exist. BART also provides shuttles for special events, such as to the World Golf BART charges a daily parking fee at all of its Championships in April 2015. Alameda-Contra Costa park-and-ride lots on weekdays from 4:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. Demand for parking at park-and-ride facilities is Transit District (AC Transit) has partnered with BART for high, with 31 of 33 lots reaching at least 95 percent a pilot project to test a late night bus service running capacity during the morning peak period. In an effort to between central business districts inside the AC Transit balance supply and demand, BART instituted a demand- District and BART stations. based pricing policy for parking in 2013. Under the policy, BART began charging a $1.00 daily fee at all park-and- Modes Operated ride lots in 2013. Every 6 months, BART evaluates park- ☐ Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) and-ride lots. If capacity during the morning peak period is ☐ Trolley Bus (TB)  Heavy Rail (HR) 95 percent or greater, then the BART can increase the ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) parking fee at that station by $0.50, up to a maximum of ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) $3.00 (with the exception of West Oakland, which has no fee cap). As of 2016, 24 park-and-ride lots charge the ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) $3.00 maximum daily fee, seven lots charge $1.50–$2.00, Excludes demand response modes. and West Oakland charges $8.00 per day. According to the transit agency’s response to the SH-15 survey, increases in Parking by Mode parking fees have not reduced demand for parking. Stations/Lots Spaces Beyond daily on-demand parking, BART offers daily, Bus 0 0 monthly, and long-term/airport reserved parking permits to Rail 44 46,442 park-and-ride users. Permit prices depend on the duration Ferry 0 0 of the permit and the station for which it is purchased. If Total 44 46,442 the park-and-ride spaces marked as reserved are empty Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database after 10:00 a.m., a traveler without a reserved permit may pay the daily fee to park. San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) Oakland, CA

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Challenges BART uses standard operating procedures to manage park- According to a report released by BART in 2014, Bay and-ride use and to apply parking charges. Area ridership is projected to increase from 420,000 daily riders in 2016, to 500,000 by 2025, and 600,000 by 2040. Contracted Parking Management BART’s demand-based pricing policy for its park-and-ride BART does not contract with a private vendor for lots will collect almost $30 million in parking revenues in park-and-ride management. FY 2016, doubling revenues from the previous year.

Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair However, because a majority of BART park-and-ride BART’s SH-15 survey response did not indicate how the facilities have reached the maximum allowed $3 daily transit agency addresses maintenance of its facilities. maximum fee (under existing policies) and have not experienced reductions in demand, BART may consider Planning, Estimating and Managing re-evaluating its pricing policy to increase maximum caps Demand for Parking in the future. BART uses a specific in-house custom model for demand estimation at its park-and-ride facilities. Of the 33 stations TCRP H-52 References that have park-and-ride facilities, all but two stations  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 typically reach 95 percent of capacity daily. BART uses its  American Public Transit Association (APTA) parking validation machines to determine when a lot near Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition capacity. The transit agency is currently working on a  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan system that will notify potential park-and-ride travelers and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public when a parking lot is full via text and/or email. Transportation  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Design Features Supportive Parking Policies and Programs BART is implementing a station modernization program; however, BART did not supply details about design Transit Agency References coordination between park-and-ride facilities and  Building a Better BART: neighborhoods specifically. One objective of the program https://www.bart.gov/sites/default/files/docs/BART%20Building%20 is investment in core stations and the surrounding a%20Better%20BART%20Executive%20Summary_0.pdf neighborhoods. The project website states that the project  BART Station Modernization Program: includes the Concord Station and has plans to “reflect the http://www.bart.gov/about/planning/station  BART Transit Oriented Development Program energy of the surrounding community”. http://www.bart.gov/sites/default/files/docs/BART_TOD_121510.pdf  BART Parking Transit Oriented Development (TOD) http://www.bart.gov/guide/parking In 2005, BART updated its Transit-Oriented Development  BART System Facts (TOD) Policy with two key policy changes. The first http://www.bart.gov/about/history/facts stipulates that BART will proactively work with cities to plan for development around BART stations with a goal to support transit service and maximize the land value. The second is that BART will develop alternatives for the transit agency’s 1:1 parking replacement practice to reduce significant barriers to developers, cities, and funding agencies that are interested in TOD.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) In 2011, BART opened the West Dublin/Pleasanton station—its 44th station, including two parking garages with 1,200 parking spaces. Contributions from multiple sources make the $106 million project possible, including Windstar Communities, Cornerstone Real Estate, Alameda

County Surplus, the cities of Dublin and Pleasanton, and the Tri-Valley Transportation Commission. Together these sources contributed approximately $30 million toward station completion. Land sales/leasing, public grants, and bond sales generated additional project funding. Last Updated: February 2016 Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) San Jose, CA

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 10 618 Rail 21 6,469 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 31 7,087 Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database launched in 1972. In 1999, the transit agency was designated as the Congestion Management Agency of Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Santa Clara County. In 2016, VTA provides bus, rail, and Unsure/ All Some None paratransit services to San Jose, Santa Clara, and 13 NA surrounding municipalities. The VTA board of directors is Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ comprised of 18 members and ex-officio members, all of Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ whom are elected officials appointed to serve by the Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ jurisdictions they represent. Fifteen directors are city Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ council members, and three are county supervisors. VTA On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ receives funding from a mix of sources, including a Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ ☐  ☐ ☐ dedicated half-cent sales tax levied by the county (enacted Elec. veh. charging Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ in 1976), another half-cent sales tax levied by the county Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ (enacted in 2000), a quarter-cent sales tax levied by the state, federal grants, state grants, investment earnings, and fare revenues. As of 2013, the population of VTA’s 346 Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ square mile service area was 1.9 million. All Some None NA On-site – all-times ☐  ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: West On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces Monitored cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ Recording cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated Operating Context  ☐ ☐ ☐ entry, etc. VTA’s park-and-ride facilities serve both bus and rail. VTA operates an extensive bus network, including both local and express service. Approximately 80 percent of Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities Santa Clara County residents live within a quarter mile of a Parking is provided at park-and-ride facilities owned by bus stop. Express bus routes link residential areas with VTA, municipalities within the VTA transit district, Bay Silicon Valley industrial centers, as well as a special route Area Air Quality Management District, and private that links Caltrain, Downtown San Jose, and Milpitas with businesses. Less than 25 percent of park-and-ride facilities Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) in Fremont. The light rail are provided by entities other than VTA. Besides use for consists of 42.2 miles of rail with 62 different stations in transit, Santa Clara uses its parking lots for special event the cities of Santa Clara, San Jose, Sunnyvale, Campbell, parking. and Mountain View. Most light rail stations link with the local VTA bus routes, shuttles provided in conjunction Parking Charges as of January 2016 with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, VTA does not charge for parking. Caltrain in San Jose, and the Altamont Commuter Express (ACE) in Santa Clara. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) VTA has standard operating procedures to manage park- Modes Operated and-ride use, facility maintenance, access management,  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) safety and security, and asset management. ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) Contracted Parking Management ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) The transit agency does not contract with a private vendor  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) for park-and-ride management.

Excludes demand response modes.

Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) San Jose, CA

Planning, Estimating and Managing

Demand for Parking VTA uses an in-house custom model to estimate demand.

Less than 25 percent of the transit agency’s facilities are full during peak hours. VTA owns the park-and-ride lots and regularly measures utilization of the parking spaces.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) VTA has a transit oriented development program to work with cities and municipalities in its transit district, encouraging TOD positive planning and regulations. VTA’s goals for TOD focus on developing around priority sites located at current and future light rail stations. As part of its TOD program, VTA works with cities and municipalities in its area, actively encouraging developers to build TODs at sites near current and future stations. According to the transit agency’s TOD program, they review around 500 development applications annually to ensure compatibility with transit services.

Innovation VTA launched a new on-demand rideshare program called FLEX. Commuters load their credit card information into the FLEX app and then call a FLEX ride to pick them up. The commuter gets real-time predictions regarding the driver’s location, then gets picked up and taken anywhere in the pilot project zone. Cost is $2 off-pear (midday) and

$3 during peak commute hours.

TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA)

Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation

 TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Supportive Parking Policies and Programs

Transit Agency References  Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority: http://www.vta.org/

 Budget and Disclosures: http://www.vta.org/about-us/budgets/budget-disclosures- miscellaneous  Park and Ride: http://www.vta.org/getting-around/schedules/park-and-rides-lots-map  Bus and Rail Service: http://www.vta.org/getting-around/schedules/bus-rail

 Transit Oriented Development: http://www.vta.org/projects-and-programs/Programs/Projects- Studies-and-Programs-TransitOriented-Development-TOD-Program  VTP 2040: http://vtaorgcontent.s3-us-west- 1.amazonaws.com/Site_Content/VTP2040_final_hi%20res_030315.pdf  FLEX On-Demand Transit: http://www.vta.org/News-and-Media/Connect-with-VTA/VTA- Launching-FLEX-OnDemand-Transit-Pilot-Jan-11#.VqZhHfkrKM8 Last Updated: February 2016 Denver Regional Transportation District (RTD) Denver, CO

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐ ☐  Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐ ☐  Background Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐ ☐  Denver Regional Transit District (RTD) was organized in On-site station personnel ☐ ☐ ☐  1969 and provides service to 40 municipalities in 6 Concession, vending ☐ ☐ ☐  counties, plus 2 city/county jurisdictions. RTD’s governing Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐ ☐  body is a 15-member elected board of directors, with each Real-time info. ☐ ☐ ☐  director elected by district for a four-year term. RTD Ticket machines  ☐ ☐ ☐ receives the majority of its funding from sales tax and passenger fares, accounting for 69 percent and 30 percent Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ of funding, respectively. The remaining 1 percent of All Some None revenue is generated from on-vehicle advertising and NA grants. As reported in the 2013 National Transit Database, On-site – all-times ☐ ☐ ☐  On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐ ☐  the population of RTD’s 2,348 square mile service area Roaming security ☐ ☐ ☐  was 3.2 million people. Monitored cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  Recording cameras ☐ ☐ ☐   Region of Operation: West Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐ ☐   Operating Environment: Very Large Urban entry, etc.  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities Operating Context According to the transit agency’s SH-15 survey response, RTD’s park-and-ride facilities provide access to commuter RTD partners with other municipalities, downtown bus and light rail modes. The Denver area has development authorities, and community redevelopment high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes on I-25 and US-36. agencies to manage its park-and-ride facilities. During the last expansion of the HOV system, RTD also expanded two park-and-ride locations: Wagon Road Parking Charges as of January 2016 park-and-ride and Thornton park-and-ride. More than half of RTD’s park-and-ride facilities are free. All other facilities assess fees based on the transit rider’s Modes Operated residency. A transit rider who lives in-district may park at  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) these park-and-ride facilities free for the first 24 hours, and ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) then pay $2.00 each additional 24 hours. A rider who lives ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) out-of-district must pay $4.00 every 24 hours. Payment can ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) be processed by phone or using cash and card at the pay station. Reserved parking spots are available from  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) 5–10 a.m. for transit riders willing to pay a monthly fee. Excludes demand response modes. Certain parties are exempted from paying the daily parking fee, including drivers with disabilities, college students Parking by Mode taking at least 10 credit hours of classes and attending 3 days a week, U.S. military personnel on active duty, and Stations/Lots Spaces transit riders who have recently moved and have not yet Bus 3 15,907 registered their vehicle in-district. Rail 31 5,316 Ferry 0 0 Total 34 21,223 Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database RTD uses standard operating procedures to manage park-and-ride use, facility maintenance, safety and security, asset management, and parking charges.

Contracted Parking Management RTD contracts with a private management vendor to enforce parking at its park-and-ride facilities. Denver Regional Transportation District (RTD) Denver, CO

Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair TCRP H-52 References RTD has SOPs for both maintenance and asset  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 management. According to the transit agency’s response to  American Public Transit Association (APTA) the SH-15 survey, the department of Safety, Security, and Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Facilities is responsible for maintenance and asset  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan management at park-and-rides. and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation Planning, Estimating and Managing  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Demand for Parking Supportive Parking Policies and Programs RTD uses a travel demand model specific to its region when planning demand estimation. Transit Agency References  Facts & figures: Design Features http://www.rtd-denver.com/factsAndFigures.shtml As part of the transit agency’s project design procedures,  RTD Transit Economics: park-and-ride facilities in each corridor have a common http://www.rtd-denver.com/transitEconomics.shtml theme, platform surface texture, materials, and shelters, yet  How to Park: http://www.rtd-denver.com/HowToPark.shtml each facility is designed to give a unique identity to the neighborhood it serves.  RTD transit Oriented Development: http://www.rtd-fastracks.com/main_45  Denver Eagle P3 Project; Transit Oriented Development (TOD) http://www.rtd-denver.com/FF-EagleP3.shtml RTD's TOD’s mission is to help facilitate TOD  Engineering Design Guidelines: opportunities that increase ridership or enhance transit file:///C:/Users/k- investments throughout the transit agency’s service area culver/Downloads/Volume%20V%20- through station design and close coordination with local %20Attachment%202%20-%20Appendix%20F%20- jurisdictions and developers. RTD helps in the planning %20RTD%20Engineering%20Design%20Guidelines% phase for potential TOD developers. 20(October%202007).pdf

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) In 2004, RTD participated in a $2.2 billion P3 project to create three new commuter rail lines and a new commuter rail maintenance facility. This project adds 40.2 additional miles of track, procures 54 new cars, and stops at 19 park-and-ride facilities located in the western, eastern, and northern areas of the RTD.

Innovation RTD uses license plate recognition to determine which park-and-ride users are in-district or out-of-district. RTD also has a unique demand-responsive bus service, Call-n- Ride. A transit rider may call and make a reservation anywhere from 2 hours to two weeks prior to desired pick- up. From there, Call-n-Ride can connect the transit rider to bus routes, park-and-ride, rail stations, or final destinations.

Last Updated: February 2016 Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) Hartford, CT

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 82 10,284* Rail 61 768** Ferry 2 80* Other (non-transit) 92 5,247* Total 237 16,379 Sources: ConnDOT (*may include spaces not served Background directly by ConnDOT services), **APTA 2014 ConnDOT provides a variety of public transportation Infrastructure Database (does not include parking services in local areas and regions in Connecticut. CTrides operated by municipalities at CTrail stations) is a resource for connecting commuters to relevant public transportation providers in Connecticut. CTrail currently Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ operates two commuter rail lines and will soon begin All Some None service on a third line: the New Haven Line (current, NA operated by Metro-North Railroad), Shore Line East Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ (current, operated by ConnDOT), and the Hartford Line Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ (future, to be operated by ConnDOT). CTtransit is the Restroom, temporary  Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ ConnDOT owned provider of local bus, commuter bus, and On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ bus rapid transit in many locations and regions in the state. Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ CTfastrak is a bus rapid transit service in central Elec. veh.. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ Connecticut; the service began operation in spring 2015 on Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ a primarily separated bus-only guideway at high frequency. Ticket machines ☐   ☐ ConnDOT began including park-and-ride facilities in most transportation projects affecting highway intersections in Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ the 1970s. According to CT.gov’s Guide to Park-and-Ride All Some None NA Locations, the transit agency now has 174 park-and-rides On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ with 16,379 parking spaces. Of those 174 facilities, On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ 98 percent have lighting, 96 percent are paved, 30 percent Roaming security ☐ ☐  ☐ have shelter(s), 26 percent receive express bus service, and Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ 26 percent receive local bus service. (Note: percent Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ amounts are not mutually exclusive.) Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐ entry, etc.  Region of Operation: Northeast  Operating Environment: Statewide Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces ConnDOT provides park-and-ride facilities and related public transportation services independently. ConnDOT Operating Context allows shared-use of facilities by local or regional public ConnDOT’s network of park-and-ride facilities serves agencies, churches, and non-profit organizations. transit riders and drivers alike. The 174 facilities are found in a variety of locations across the state, but most occupy Parking Charges as of January 2016 space in the right-of-way adjacent to highway intersections Due to high demand for parking space along the CTfastrak or at leased private lots: bus rapid line, ConnDOT arranged for parking in nearby  8 have both express and local bus service. municipal parking garages at $3.00 per day. ConnDOT  37 have express bus service only. hopes to negotiate a deal for parking in the municipal  37 facilities have local bus service only. garages that is free for transit riders. ConnDOT does not charge for parking at ConnDOT-owned and operated Modes Operated facilities. There are parking fees at some rail stations.  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)  Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) ConnDOT has standard operating procedures for  Bus Rapid Transit (RB)  Ferry (FB) management and maintenance of park-and-ride facilities. ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) Park-and-ride facilities are included in planned maintenance schedule instead of being included in Excludes demand response modes. ConnDOT’s asset management plans. ConnDOT manages Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) Hartford, CT most park-and-ride facilities internally, with contractors Transit Oriented Development (TOD) managing some of the larger rail station parking facilities. ConnDOT has participated in transit oriented development proposals near rail stations. The transit agency may Contracted Parking Management consider other transit oriented development opportunities ConnDOT uses predominantly external private contractors in the future, such as redeveloping a park-and-ride facility to execute its operational, maintenance, and development near a high demand highway intersection. responsibilities. Typically, ConnDOT directly operates and maintains park-and-ride facilities. Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) See Transit Oriented Development. Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair ConnDOT includes park-and-ride facilities in standard Lessons Learned maintenance schedules. ConnDOT’s representative stated that, “It is easier to plan for additional parking spaces early on in the planning of Planning, Estimating and Managing park-and-rides, rather than to retrofit additional spaces Demand for Parking down the road, after the facility is built.” ConnDOT has been developing park-and-ride facilities for carpool, vanpool, bus transit, and rail transit use for over Innovation 30 years. Transportation improvements at or near highway ConnDOT includes park-and-ride facilities in most intersections, rail transit, or bus rapid transit facilities transportation projects effecting either highway typically include construction of park-and-ride facilities on intersections or high-capacity transit services. ConnDOT a right-of-way space-available basis. has initiated a pilot program to study the effectiveness of security cameras at one remote park-and-ride facility. CTfastrak provides an example of ConnDOT’s modeling efforts. CTfastrak bus rapid transit service opened in spring TCRP H-52 References 2015. The route has 10 stations and uses a 9.4-mile separated guideway. Buses operate as frequently as every 4  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 minutes during rush hour, and travel time is under 30  American Public Transit Association (APTA) minutes end-to-end. Limited surface parking is available at Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition no cost at most stations. CTtransit local and express bus  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan routes provide access to CTfastrak from nine park-and-ride and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public facilities with a total capacity of 1,614 spaces. Transportation

ConnDOT used a regional SUMMIT travel model to Transit Agency References estimated ridership on CTfastrak. Assumptions included  ConnDOT website: http://www.ct.gov/dot/site/default.asp parking utilization. The model under-estimated both total  Guide to Park-and-Ride Locations: ridership and utilization of parking. ConnDOT conducted http://www.ct.gov/dot/cwp/view.asp?a=1390&Q=259406 site intercept surveys at park-and-rides about six months http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dcommuterlots/faqs_for_co after service began. They found a larger-than-anticipated nnecticut_park_and_ride_lots.pdf portion of park-and-ride users had originations a  CTfastrak: http://ctfastrak.com/ significant distance away from CTfastrak stations, users who were willing to drive approximately half their trip, park, and ride CTfastrak. Higher than anticipated ridership resulted in excess demand for parking spaces at some park-and-ride facilities. ConnDOT has added parking spaces to accommodate excess demand. Future major transit improvements are likely to follow the same planning and demand estimation process, but with adjusted assumptions for rider origins and access mode-split.

Design Features The transit agency did not supply information or examples of design coordination between ConnDOT park-and-ride facilities and adjacent developments or neighborhoods.

Last Updated: February 2016 Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) Chicago, IL

Modes Operated  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB)  Heavy Rail (HR) ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR)

☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) Background Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is one of the three Excludes demand response modes. entities that operate the rail and bus systems in Chicago and Northeastern Illinois under the Regional Parking by Mode Transportation Authority (RTA). RTA is the unit of local Stations/Lots Spaces government charged with regional financial oversight, Bus 0 0 funding, and transit planning for the Metropolitan Rail Rail 17 6,642 Corporation (Metra), Pace – Suburban Bus Division, and Ferry 0 0 CTA (the three collectively known as the Service Boards). Total 17 6,642 Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database CTA provides heavy rail (the L) and bus service throughout Chicago and in 35 suburban municipalities. The rail system consists of 146 rail stations on eight rail lines Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ (224.1 miles of track). Bus service is available on 128 All Some None NA routes (1,354 route miles) spread across a service area of Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ 314 square miles with a population of 3.4 million. In 2013, Enclosed waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ CTA provided 529 million passenger trips. Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ The Regional Transportation Authority Act created a 16- On-site station personnel  ☐ ☐ ☐ member RTA Board of Directors as the governing body of Concession, vending  ☐ ☐ ☐ the RTA. The three service boards operate independently Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ and each is governed by a board of directors. The Chicago Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ Transit Board consists of seven-members, four appointed Ticket machines  ☐ ☐ ☐ by the mayor of Chicago and three by the governor of Illinois. The members of the board appointed by the mayor Park-and-Ride Security are subject to the approval of the Chicago City Council and Unsure/ All Some None the governor. The members of the board appointed by the NA governor are also subject to approval of the mayor and the On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ Illinois State Senate. On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: Midwest Monitored cameras ☐ ☐  ☐  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Recording cameras ☐ ☐  ☐ Physical – fences, gated  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces ☐  ☐ ☐ entry, etc.

Operating Context Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities CTA is the sister agency to the Metra and Pace. Metra CTA partners with local or regional agencies and private provides commuter rail service in Cook, DuPage, Will, entities to provide parking in locations where the transit Lake, Kane, and McHenry Counties. Pace provides bus agency does not own a facility. CTA manages such service primarily in the suburbs around Chicago. Pace is partnerships by entering into rental/lease agreements for also responsible for ADA complementary paratransit for park-and-ride facilities and/or parking spaces. Less than 25 the region. RTA lists 306 interagency transfer locations percent of CTA’s parking is provided through partnerships that connect two or more travel modes operated by Metra, with other entities. Beyond transit service, CTA allows its CTA, and Pace. Connections to CTA are available at 192 park-and-ride facilities to be used for special event bus transfer locations and 40 rail stations. parking.

CTA’s park-and-ride facilities support bus and heavy rail and include street parking, surface lots, structure and under Parking Charges as of January 2016 the L parking. CTA also provides park-and-ride facilities There are parking charges at all 17 park-and-ride facilities. using shared use parking lots. Different fees are set for each location based on a range of hours per day.

Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) Chicago, IL

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) CTA Bus Tracker, Customer Alert, and Do-it-Yourself CTA has standard operating procedures or similar written Transit Info Display. policies/procedures for park-and-ride facility management, CTA’s car sharing program offers I-GO and Zipcar at more facility maintenance, safety/security, and parking charges. than 20 different CTA stations.

Contracted Parking Management CTA, Metra, and Pace use Ventra App to enable customers CTA contracts with private vendors for parking to pay for rides on any of the three transit systems from management at 15 of 17 park-and-ride facilities. CPA their smartphones. Online travel planning tool on RTA’s Parking manages 14 park-and-ride locations, and Standard website helps coordinate transfers between transit modes Parking manages one park-and-ride. The Village of and choice of most suitable parking. Wilmette and the Village of Skokie each own and manage one of the two remaining park-and-ride facilities. TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 Planning, Estimating and Managing  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Demand for Parking Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition For the Yellow Line Alternatives Analysis study, CTA  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan used the regional travel demand forecasting model as and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public provided by the Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Transportation Planning. In the model, travel demand for various modes is  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit forecast based on projections of population, employment, Supportive Parking Policies and Programs time of day, and purpose of travel. Transit Agency References According to CTA’s response to the H-52 scan, the transit agency regularly measures park-and-ride facility  Transit Chicago, Facts: utilization. CTA has park-and-ride locations where the http://www.transitchicago.com/about/facts.aspx demand for parking exceeds supply and where demand for  Regional Transportation Authority Mapping and parking is lower than 50 percent of lot capacity. Statistics, Transfer Locations: http://www.rtams.org/rtams/transferLocations.jsp Transit Oriented Development (TOD)  Chicago Transit Authority, Yellow Line Alternatives Analysis Study: CTA has not financially participated in a transit oriented http://www.transitchicago.com/assets/1/alternatives_an development opportunity on or adjacent to a park-and-ride alysis/Screen_2_Yellow_Line_Comment_Responses_0 facility. 80409.pdf  Transit Chicago, Park-and-Ride: Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) http://www.transitchicago.com/parking/ CTA has not participated in a public-private partnership to  Transit Chicago, Board Presentations: develop property on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility http://www.transitchicago.com/assets/1/board_presenta for public transportation. tions/0702unfundedcapitalneed.pdf  Transit Chicago, Developers: Lessons Learned http://www.transitchicago.com/developers/ The transit agency has analyzed the impact on parking  Transit Chicago, Going Green: demand when parking charges are implemented or http://www.transitchicago.com/goinggreen/multimode. increased/decreased. CTA uses parking charges and aspx optional parking locations to manage demand that exceeds parking spaces available at park-and-ride facilities. CTA also uses lower daily and monthly charges to encourage use at park-and-ride facilities with low utilization of available parking spaces.

Innovation CTA uses a live train and bus tracker to see where trains and buses are located in real time. CTA customers can get the information via text message about the next bus and train arrival times. CTA also provides Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) for CTA Train Tracker,

Last Updated: February 2016 Northeast Illinois Regional Commuter Railroad Corporation (Metra) Chicago, IL

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 0 0 Rail 210 89,539 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 210 89,539 The Metropolitan Rail Corporation (Metra) is one of the Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database three entities that operate the rail and bus systems in Chicago and Northeastern Illinois under the Regional Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ Transportation Authority (RTA). RTA is the unit of local All Some None government charged with regional financial oversight, NA Covered waiting area* ☐ ☐  ☐ funding, and transit planning for Metra, Chicago Transit Enclosed waiting area* ☐ ☐  ☐ Authority (CTA), and Pace Suburban Bus Division (the Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ three collectively known as the Service Boards). Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ Metra provides commuter rail service connecting Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ downtown Chicago with 68 other Chicago locations and Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ 100 suburban communities. The Metra rail system is Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ comprised of 11 lines providing service at 239 stations. Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ The Metra service area is 3,700 square miles (and a *Many Metra stations have covered or enclosed waiting areas population 7.3 million) north, west, and south of Chicago, that park-and-ride passengers use when waiting for the train. making it geographically the largest commuter rail system in the U.S. and the fourth largest in terms of ridership, Park-and-Ride Security serving 73.6 million unlinked passenger trips in 2013. Unsure/ All Some None NA The Regional Transportation Authority Act created a 16- On-site – all-times ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ member RTA Board of Directors as the governing body of On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ the RTA. The three service boards operate independently Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ and each is governed by a board of directors. The 11- Monitored cameras ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ member Metra Board of Directors is composed of Recording cameras ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ members representing six counties in northeastern Illinois: entry, etc. Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will Counties.

 Region of Operation: Midwest Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Metra encourages local governments and private entities to  Over 50,000 Parking Spaces provide park-and-ride facilities near Metra stations. These partnerships provide parking for Metra passengers, but the transit agency is not responsible for managing the facility. Operating Context Each township, municipality, or city in which the park- CTA and Pace connect to Metra commuter rail stations at and-ride facility is located administers different parking several locations. RTA lists 306 interagency transfer rules and regulations. Different fee schedules may exist for locations that connect two or more travel modes operated park-and-ride facilities administered by an entity other than by Metra, CTA, and Pace. Metra service is available at 174 Metra. Some park-and-ride facilities may be free or RTA interagency transfer locations. Park-and-ride facilities subsidized by the parking administrator. at or near Metra stations include street parking, surface lots, and parking garages. Parking Charges as of January 2016 Metra owns and operates its own parking facilities at some Modes Operated locations. The transit agency charges for parking at all ☐ Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Metra-owned park-and-ride facilities. Metra contracts with ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Central Parking to manage parking at these locations. . ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) Central Parking offers both daily and monthly parking ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) options and the fee can be paid using online payment, pay- ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) by-phone, stored value debit card, or by using the PassportParking application on a smartphone. Excludes demand response modes.

Northeast Illinois Regional Commuter Railroad Corporation (Metra) Chicago, IL

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) financing strategies, and alternative financing mechanisms Metra’s response to the H-52 scan indicated the transit to invest in the agency’s infrastructure. agency does not have standard operating procedures or Metra encourages partners to provide parking spaces and to similar written policies/procedures for park-and-ride. manage and maintain parking facilities. With stations generally in older built-up communities and rights-of-way Contracted Parking Management owned by private railroads, expanding parking where Metra contracts with a private vendor, Central Parking, to demand warrants is difficult. manage parking at Metra-owned park-and-ride facilities. Innovation Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair Metra offers the option to pay for parking through a Metra has no SOPs for either maintenance or asset smartphone using a mobile payment app management for park-and-ride facilities. See Challenges. (PassportParking). This payment option allows riders to park their vehicle and pay for parking once they have Planning, Estimating and Managing boarded the train, minimizing the time it takes to commute Demand for Parking and increasing passenger convenience. Additionally, some of Metra’s park-and-ride lots provide access to car-sharing Metra has a formal process to plan for park-and-ride services like Zipcar® and Enterprise Carshare. CTA, facilities. However, Metra’s response to the H-52 scan did Metra, and Pace use Ventra App to enable customers to not indicate whether the transit agency uses a specific pay for rides on any of the three transit systems from their demand estimation model or a structured methodology to smartphones. Online travel planning tool on RTA’s estimate demand for park-and-ride facilities. The transit website helps coordinate transfers between transit modes agency regularly measures park-and-ride facility utilization and choice of most suitable parking. and has park-and-ride locations where the demand for parking exceeds supply and also where demand is lower than 50 percent of available capacity. To accommodate TCRP H-52 References increased demand in some locations, Metra added surface  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 parking spaces and structures for parking where needed.  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Design Features  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Metra has coordinated its park-and-ride facility Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public design/features to complement adjacent developments or Transportation neighborhoods. The transit agency has design guidelines for park-and-ride facilities. Transit Agency References  Metra, History: Transit Oriented Development (TOD) https://metrarail.com/metra/en/home/about_metra/leadership/metra_ history.html Metra has not financially participated in a transit oriented  Metra, Frequently Asked Questions: development on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility. http://metrarail.com/metra/en/home/utility_landing/riding_metra/faq .html#q2 Public-Private Partnerships (P3s)  Metra, Planning Documents: https://metrarail.com/content/dam/metra/documents/Planning/SOGR Metra has not participated in a public-private partnership to _20150326.pdf develop property on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility.  RTA, Mapping and Statistics, Planning Projects, Intertransit agency Transfer Locations: Challenges http://www.rtams.org/rtams/transferLocations.jsp A legacy system like Metra has aging infrastructure  City of Naperville, Transit/Park-and-Rides, Church approaching or past useful life. When it was formed in Parking Lot: http://www.naperville.il.us/transit.aspx 1983, Metra inherited disinvested rail lines from private  Chicago Metropolitan Transit Agency for Planning, freight railroads. To remedy the challenges associated with Transit Oriented Development: an old fleet and deteriorating infrastructure, Metra invested http://www.cmap.illinois.gov/about/2040/supporting- materials/process-archive/strategy-papers/urban-design/tod billions of dollars to renew the assets, add additional  Metra Park-and-Ride Design Guidelines: facilities, and expand services. The transit agency https://www.metrarr.com/engineering/wp-content/uploads/Parking- recognizes the need to continue investing in modernization Manual.pdf of the system. According to the 2014 RTA Capital Asset Condition Report Assessment Update, Metra reported a backlog of state-of-good-repair projects worth $6.1 billion. Metra plans to pursue federal and state funding, new Last Updated: February 2016

Pace - Suburban Bus Division (Pace) Arlington Heights, IL

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 14 986 Rail 0 0 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 14 986 Pace – Suburban Bus Division (Pace) is one of the three Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database entities that operate the rail and bus systems in Chicago and Northeastern Illinois under the Regional Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ Transportation Authority (RTA). RTA is the unit of local All Some None government charged with regional financial oversight, NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ funding, and transit planning for the Metropolitan Rail Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Corporation (Metra), Chicago Transit Authority (CTA), Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ and Pace (the three collectively known as the Service Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ Boards). On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ Pace provides bus service in six counties (suburban Cook, Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐ ☐  DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will Counties) and Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ 284 municipalities. The Pace service area is 3,519 square Ticket machines ☐ ☐ ☐  miles with a population of 5.6 million. According to the 2013 National Transit Database, Pace provided 36 million unlinked passenger trips in 2013. Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ All Some None NA The Regional Transportation Authority Act created a 16- On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ member RTA Board of Directors as the governing body of On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ the RTA. The three service boards operate independently Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ and each is governed by a board of directors. The 13- Monitored cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  member board of directors for Pace is made up of current Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated and former suburban mayors and the commissioner of the ☐ ☐ ☐  Mayor’s Office for People with Disabilities for the City of entry, etc. Chicago. Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Region of Operation: Midwest The Pace park-and-ride facilities support bus and vanpool  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban riders and include street parking, surface lots, and parking  Between 300 and 999 Parking Spaces garages. In addition to 12 Pace-owned park-and-ride locations, the transit agency also works with local or Operating Context regional agencies and private entities to provide parking at In addition to Pace, regional transit services are provided 18 locations where the transit agency does not own a by Pace’s sister agencies, CTA and Metra, both of which facility. Pace manages such shared use lots by entering into connect to Pace at several locations. RTA lists 306 a rental/lease agreements or by informal, handshake interagency transfer locations that connect two or more agreements for use of parking spaces for park-and-ride. travel modes operated by Metra, CTA, and Pace. Less than 25 percent of Pace’s parking capacity is provided Connections to Pace transit services are available at 240 through shared use with other entities. RTA transfer locations. Beyond transit service, Pace allows its park-and-ride facilities to be used for special event parking but not as Modes Operated staging areas for community events.  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Parking Charges as of January 2016 ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) Pace charges for parking at two park-and-ride facilities. ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) According to Pace’s website, the transit agency charges ☐ Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) $1.50 daily to park at the Harvey Transportation Center and the Buffalo Grove park-and-ride. Excludes demand response modes.

Pace - Suburban Bus Division (Pace) Arlington Heights, IL

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) will show the user real-time bus arrival data for that The transit agency has standard operating procedures or particular bus stop at the time of scan. similar written policies/procedures for park-and-ride Park-and-ride lots are available to vanpoolers. The Pace facility management, facility maintenance, safety/security, Vanpool Incentive Program (VIP) has several different and asset management but no SOPs are in place for access management and parking charges. options within the six-county region:  Riders can form a vanpool group to use Pace vans for commuting. Contracted Parking Management  Employers can use Pace vans for work-related Pace does not contract with a private vendor for passenger trips. park-and-ride facility management.  Riders can use Pace vans to serve as a feeder service to Metra (at least half of the vanpool participants must Planning, Estimating and Managing purchase a Metra monthly pass or 10-ride ticket). Demand for Parking  Not-for-profit human service organizations can use Pace regularly measures park-and-ride facility utilization, Pace vans to provide work-related transportation and the transit agency has park-and-ride locations where service for people with disabilities. the demand for parking exceeds supply. To accommodate increased demand, Pace has added surface parking spaces TCRP H-52 References in the last five years.  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Design Features Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Pace has examples of coordinating park-and-ride facility  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan design/features to complement adjacent developments or and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public neighborhoods. The transit agency has published design Transportation guidelines for park-and-ride facilities.  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Supportive Parking Policies and Programs Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Pace has not financially participated in a transit-oriented Transit Agency References development on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility.  Pace Bus, History Facts: http://pacebus.com/sub/about/history_facts.asp Public-Private Partnerships (P3s)  Regional Transportation Authority Mapping and Pace has not participated in a public-private partnership to Statistics, Transfer Locations: develop property on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility. http://www.rtams.org/rtams/transferLocations.jsp  Pace Bus, Park-n-Ride: Challenges http://pacebus.com/sub/bus_system/park_n_ride.asp  Chicago Tribune, Pace unveils plan for ambitious $2.3 Pace serves as an independent mode of transportation for billion Rapid Transit Network: suburban travel. Pace bus routes also serve as a feeder and http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-pace-plan- first mile/last mile mode for Metra’s commuter rail and met-20150121-story.html CTA’s heavy rail. Restructuring and realigning transit  Regional Transportation Authority, 2014 Press routes based on changing needs is essential for Pace to Releases: https://www.rtachicago.com/about- encourage riders to choose Pace bus over an automobile especially for suburban travel. us/media/press-release-archives/2014-press- releases/1000  Pace Bus, Transit, Transit Supportive Guidelines: Innovation https://www.pacebus.com/guidelines/04d_offstreet_faci Pace’s interactive park-and-ride mapping tool is easy-to- lities.asp use, can be zoomed in and out, and can be used to print  Pace Bus, Van Pool: customized maps. http://www.pacebus.com/sub/vanpool/

Pace uses a Live Bus Tracker to see where buses are located in real time. Pace customers can get the information about next bus arriving at their bus stop by sending a text message with a mobile phone. The Pace Bus website offers the option to subscribe to email alerts for the arrival time of a particular bus route at a chosen stop on any day/time of the week. Many Pace bus shelters have QR codes posted on the wall. These QR codes, when scanned, Last Updated: February 2016

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) Boston, MA

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ provides transit service for the greater Boston, MA, Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ metropolitan area, including portions of Rhode Island and Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ New Hampshire. The transit agency was formed in 1964, Real-time info.  ☐ ☐ ☐ succeeding the MTA, which had been in operation since Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ 1947. MBTA is a political subdivision of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and its board of Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ directors is appointed by the governor. MBTA operates All Some None bus, subway, light rail, commuter rail, and ferry service. NA ☐ ☐ ☐ Funding for MBTA comes from numerous sources; the top On-site – all-times  On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ three are a state sales tax, fare revenue, and municipal Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ assessments. MBTA’s total 2016 operating revenue is Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ $667.5 million, according to the transit agency’s FY16 Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Statement of Revenue and Expenses. As reported in the Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐  ☐ 2013 National Transit Database, MBTA’s 3,244 square entry, etc. mile service area had a population of 4.2 million people. Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Region of Operation: Northeast Parking is provided at facilities that are operated by MBTA  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban and by other entities. Less than 25 percent of MBTA’s  Over 50,000 Parking Spaces parking is provided by other entities. Non-MBTA parking facility partnerships are managed by rental or lease Operating Context agreements. The transit agency does not operate with MBTA is the largest owner of off-street parking in New handshake agreements. Beyond transit service, MBTA England. The majority of MBTA’s parking facilities serve allows its facilities to be used for special event parking and its rail system, with a smaller number of spaces at bus and as staging areas for community events. ferry stations. Rail facilities serve both commuter rail and subway/heavy rail stations. Several parking lots serve both Parking Charges as of January 2016 commuter and subway stations. Two ferry stations offer MBTA charges for parking at its park-and-ride facilities. parking. The Boston area has high-occupancy vehicle lanes Two types of lots are available: unattended parking lots on Interstate 93, which runs parallel to MBTA’s Red Line and garages, and attended facilities. Attended lots are on a and South Shore commuter rail lines. 14-hour fee structure for a flat rate, with additional fees for vehicles that overstay that timeframe. Parking charges are Modes Operated collected in several different ways: in-person collection on-  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) site, collection through an on-site technology, and through  Trolley Bus (TB)  Heavy Rail (HR) a mobile payment application. Daily fees for parking range ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) from $4 to $7 at most stations, with monthly passes ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB)  Ferry (FB) ranging between $60 and $110. Premium monthly permits  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) are also available at some high-demand stations, which provide the purchaser with access to reserved parking Excludes demand response modes. spaces.

Parking by Mode The transit agency evaluates the impacts of price changes Stations/Lots Spaces on demand for parking and uses incentives such as promotional fares to shift demand from high-utilization Bus NA 277 stations to parking facilities with available capacity. Real- Rail 149 56,402 time parking availability information is expected in the Ferry 2 2,231 near future. Total 151 58,910 Source: 2014 APTA Infrastructure Database

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) Boston, MA

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) developments including its work with TODs and at The transit agency uses standard operating procedures to multiple stations sites. manage park-and-ride use, facility maintenance, and for determining parking charges. Innovation MBTA recently launched a mobile parking payment Contracted Parking Management program (PayByPhone), which uses license plate The transit agency does contract with a private vendor to identification technology to charge pre-paid user accounts. provide park-and-ride facility management. Additionally, the transit agency expects to add real-time availability information in the near future. Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair TCRP H-52 References MBTA has SOPs for facility maintenance, but not for asset management. According to the transit agency’s 2014–2018  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 Capital Investment Program, MBTA uses its State-of-  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Good-Repair database and standards to prioritize its Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition limited resources to fund projects first to maintenance, then  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan to expansion. These priorities include replacing or and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public overhauling vehicles, funding critical upgrades and Transportation improvements to infrastructure, and developing an innovative program to provide better, faster, cleaner, and Transit Agency References more efficient public transit. Key projects include:  MBTA FY16 Statement of Revenue and Expenses: procuring and replacing Red, Orange, and Green Line http://www.mbta.com/uploadedfiles/About_the_T/Financials/FY16Pr vehicles; procuring 480 new buses; upgrades to the eliminaryBudget31115.pdf electrical system; and piloting modernization projects for  MBTA Capital Investment Program, FY 2014–2018: bus rapid transit. http://www.mbta.com/uploadedfiles/About_the_T/Panel/2014- 2018MBTACapitalInvestmentProgram.pdf  MBTA Parking: http://www.mbta.com/riding_the_t/parking/ Planning, Estimating and Managing  MBTA Real Estate and Parking – Own Source Demand for Parking Revenue: MBTA uses an in-house custom model to estimate demand http://www.mbta.com/uploadedfiles/About_the_T/Board_Meetings/R for parking at its stations but does not have a formal ealEstateParkingOwnSourceRevenue.pdf process to plan for new or expanded park-and-ride  Overcoming Barriers for Successful Public-Private facilities. The transit agency monitors the utilization of its Partnerships: http://www.acecma.org/acecma/file/MBTA(3).pdf park-and-ride facilities, and has parking locations where  MBTA 2008 Service Plan: the demand for parking exceeds supply and locations that http://www.mbta.com/uploadedFiles/About_the_T/T_Projects/T_Proj are less than 50 percent utilized. In recent years, MBTA ects_List/ServicePlan08.pdf has undertaken multiple construction projects including the development of both surface and structured parking, modification of parking to support transit oriented development (TOD), and elimination of parking spaces.

Design Features The transit agency has coordinated park-and-ride facility design and features to complement adjacent development and neighborhoods.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) MBTA has financially participated in transit-oriented developments on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility. In some cases, MBTA has modified an existing parking facility to add or support TOD.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) According to a report by the American Council of Engineering Companies of Massachusetts (ACECMA),

MBTA has participated in multiple joint-venture Last Updated: February 2016 Metro Transit Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN

Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities According to Metro Transit’s responses to SH-15 survey, the transit agency provides parking at facilities that are self-operated and at facilites that other entities operate. Metro Transit also permits other entities to use its parking Background facilities outside of traditional commute hours. Metro Transt permits these agreements on a case-by-case basis. Metro Transit is the primary transit operator in the Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota region. The Minnesota State Legislature established the transit agency in 1967 and Parking Charges as of January 2016 transferred it to the Metropolitan Council, the region’s The SH-15 survey responses show that the transit agency Metropolitan Planning Organization, in 1994. Metro does not charge for parking at its park-and-ride stations. Transit operates bus, light rail, and commuter rail services Reasons for not charging include the cost to maintain the in the Twin Cities. Buses carry over 86% of the system’s technology, the cost to enforce parking payment, and the ridership, with most of the balance riding Metro’s Blue transit agency can control demand more easily by fare Line light rail. The Northstar commuter rail runs 40 miles pricing for express bus and commuter rail. Fifty to seventy from Big Lake, Minnesota to downtown Minneapolis. The percent of Metro Transit’s parking facilities are at capacity majority of funding for Metro Transit comes from the State during the peak. Motor Vehicle Sales Tax, the State General Fund, fares, and federal revenue. In 2010, the population of Metro Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Transit’s 1,105 square miles service area was over 2.2 Metro Transit uses standard operating procedures to million people. manage facility maintenance and asset management.

 Region of Operation: Midwest Contracted Parking Management  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Metro Transit did not indicate whether the transit agency  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces uses contracted vendors to manage park-and-ride facilities in the SH-15 survey. Operating Context Metro Transit operates 123 bus routes, including 51 Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair express routes and a Hi-Frequency Network featuring 15-minute or less headways. Metro Transit has an Metro Transit’s response to SH-15 survey did not indicate extensive network of park-and-ride facilities along its bus how the transit agency addresses maintenance of its network, with several additional facilities at light rail and facilities. commuter rail stations. Metro Transit’s METRO network of transitways features frequent, all-day service between Planning, Estimating and Managing stations with enhanced amenities. The Minneapolis-St. Demand for Parking Paul area has high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes on Metro Transit uses an in-house custom model to estimate Interstate 394, which connects to downtown from the west. demand for parking at its stations. The model is developed at the level of traffic analysis zone and uses the following Modes Operated primary data sources: U.S. Census population, downtown  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) employment extracted from Longitudinal Employer & ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Household Dynamics Data, long-range population ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) forecasts at a regional level, long-range downtown employment forecasts at a regional level, and park-and-ride ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) user’s home origins (collected system-wide every 2 years).  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP)

Excludes demand response modes. Design Features Metro Transit’s response to SH-15 survey did not identify Parking by Mode whether the transit agency has coordinated the design of its Stations/Lots Spaces park-and-ride facilities to complement adjacent Bus 70 13,788 development or neighborhoods. Rail 9 5,451 Ferry 0 0 Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Total 79 19,239 Metro Transit has a real estate office that is responsible for Source: 2014 APTA Infrastructure Database joint development. The transit agency’s SH-15 survey responses stated that Metro Transit has engaged in joint development partnerships on transit-agency-owned land

Metro Transit Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN and has implemented structured parking to create more space for TOD on joint developments. Metro Transit’s relationship with the Metropolitan Council helps facilitate these discussions.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Metro Transit did not supply information on the transit agnecy’s public-private partnerships associated with park- and-ride facilities.

Innovation

Metro Transit installed a handful of dynamic freeway signs upstream from park-and-ride lots along I-35 West as part of a Urban Partnership Agreement Grant. The signs indicate whether the park-and-ride lot is full or if space is available. In addition, there are dynamic signs that show the travel time to downtown by bus versus travel time by car to encourage drivers to choose transit if space is available.

TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Supportive Parking Policies and Programs

Transit Agency References  Metro Transit Park and Ride Lots: http://www.metrotransit.org/park-ride-lots  2014 Annual Regional Park-and-Ride System Report: http://www.metrocouncil.org/Transportation/Publications-And- Resources/Annual-Regional-Park-and-Ride-System-Report.aspx  2030 Park and Ride Plan: http://www.metrocouncil.org/Transportation/Planning-2/Transit- Plans,-Studies-Reports/Transit-Transitways/Park-and-Rides.aspx  Metropolitan Council METRO Transit: http://metrocouncil.org/Transportation/Services/Metro-Transit.aspx

Last Updated: February 2016

New Jersey Transit (NJ TRANSIT) Newark, NJ

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area* ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area* ☐  ☐ ☐ Restroom, temporary* ☐ ☐ ☐  Background Restroom, permanent* ☐  ☐ ☐ NJ TRANSIT is a public transportation corporation On-site station personnel* ☐  ☐ ☐ providing service throughout the state and connecting to Concession, vending* ☐  ☐ ☐ New York City and Philadelphia. The service area Elec. veh. Charging ☐  ☐ ☐ encompasses 3,450 square miles and has a population of Real-time info.* ☐ ☐ ☐  over 18.3 million people, when service to New York City Ticket machines* ☐  ☐ ☐ *Source: NJ TRANSIT’s website and Philadelphia is included. The New Jersey governor appoints an eight-member board of directors to govern the agency. Three members are state officials, four members Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ All Some None are from the general public, and one non-voting member NA represents labor. NJ TRANSIT’s operating revenue comes On-site – all-times ☐  ☐ ☐ from fares (48 percent), state and federal grants On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ (47 percent), and other transit agency-generated sources Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ such as parking fees and advertising (5 percent). Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: Northeast Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban entry, etc.  Over 50,000 Parking Spaces Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities Operating Context Municipal and private parking lots provide a significant The transit agency operates 236 bus routes; nine commuter amount of the parking supply for NJ TRANSIT’s bus and rail lines serving New York Penn Station, Hoboken, and commuter rail services. Some park-and-ride lots are jointly Trenton; one commuter rail line between Atlantic City and owned by NJ TRANSIT and the local municipality. Philadelphia; the Hudson-Bergen and Newark light rail Parking at stations shared with other transportation systems in northern New Jersey; and one diesel light rail operators (e.g., Amtrak, PATCO) can be used by (hybrid) line connecting Trenton to Camden. customers of either operator. NJ TRANSIT has a real estate office that has the authority to engage in joint development opportunities on transit agency-owned Modes Operated property.  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) More than 50 percent of the parking supply at park-and- ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) ride facilities served by NJ TRANSIT buses is provided ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) by other entities, including municipalities, the New Jersey  Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) Turnpike Authority, the New Jersey DOT, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, and private and Excludes demand response modes. institutional entities. About 45 percent of the parking supply at commuter rail stations is provided by other Parking by Mode entities, primarily municipalities, but also including a few Stations/Lots Spaces large privately operated facilities. NJ TRANSIT owns all Bus 30 18,900 but one light rail park-and-ride lot. Commuter Rail 165 64,600 Light Rail 62 8,100 Parking Charges as of January 2016 Ferry 0 0 NJ TRANSIT charges for parking at many of its facilities Total 257 91,600 and is moving toward charging for parking at all of its Source: NJ TRANSIT (2016) facilities to cover operations and maintenance costs. Higher-demand facilities have higher parking rates. Parking rates range from free to $24.00 per day; yearly, monthly, weekly, or daily permits are required to park at some locations. NJ TRANSIT parking charges are typically lower than those of municipal and private parking lots in the vicinity of its stations. Facilities that charge for parking on weekdays also typically charge for parking on weekends and holidays.

New Jersey Transit (NJ TRANSIT) Newark, NJ

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) cannot always accommodate the additional ridership NJ TRANSIT has not developed standard operating resulting from potentially expanded parking. There is TOD procedures for park-and-ride facilities. transit village development interest in some downtown/municipal center markets, which may offset increased parking needs. Contracted Parking Management NJ TRANSIT contracts with private firms to operate the Parking not owned by NJ TRANSIT is most prevalent at park-and-ride facilities that charge parking fees. rail stations. According to the transit agency’s SH-15 survey response, this parking provides a significant Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair resource for commuters, but also affects NJ TRANSIT’s NJ TRANSIT’s survey responses did not indicate how the ability to control parking pricing. transit agency addresses maintenance of its facilities. Innovation Planning, Estimating and Managing NJ TRANSIT’s official app provides schedules, trip Demand for Parking planning services, and real-time arrival information by stop/station for buses and trains. The app also allows users NJ TRANSIT’s response to the H-52 scan stated that the to buy monthly passes for buses and light rail, as well as transit agency uses a custom in-house model to estimate individual tickets and passes for commuter rail trains. Trip park-and-ride demand. planning services are also available through NJ TRANSIT’s website. Electric vehicle charging stations are Design Features available at a limited number of stations. NJ TRANSIT’s response to the H-52 scan did not identify whether the transit agency has coordinated the design of its TCRP H-52 References park-and-ride facilities to complement adjacent  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 development or neighborhoods.  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Transit Oriented Development (TOD)  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan A total of 30 municipalities in New Jersey have been and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public officially designated as Transit Villages. These Transportation municipalities have land use policies or regulations that  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit encourage transit oriented development or transit- Supportive Parking Policies and Programs supportive development densities. The Transit Village program provides multi-agency planning assistance and in some cases grant funding for municipalities to redevelop or Transit Agency References revitalize the areas around transit stations using design  About Us website. standards of transit-oriented development (TOD).See also http://www.njtransit.com/tm/tm_servlet.srv?hdnPageA the Public-Private Partnership section below. ction=CorpInfoTo  FY2016 Preliminary Budget Recommendation Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) http://www.njtransit.com/pdf/FY2016_PrelBudgetRec. pdf An example of a public-private partnership is The  Morristown Station Transit Village Project Begins Highlands at Morristown Station. NJ TRANSIT developed January 11 press release a surface parking lot alongside 218 residential dwelling http://njtransit.com/tm/tm_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction units, 8,000 square feet of retail space, and a 724-space =PressReleaseTo&PRESS_RELEASE_ID=2394 parking garage, including 415 spaces reserved for NJ TRANSIT customers. During construction, temporary  NJ TRANSIT Facts at a Glance Fiscal Year 2014 parking was arranged at another parking garage a few http://www.njtransit.com/pdf/FactsAtaGlance.pdf blocks away. NJ TRANSIT’s parking contractor providing  NJ DOT Transit Village Initiative Overview, shuttle service to the station during construction. Community Programs http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/community/village

Challenges Parking demand is driven by the amount of transit service provided at the location. According to the transit agency’s SH-15 survey response, NJ TRANSIT locations with high service levels can have higher parking rates and still have very high demand for parking. In some cases, site constraints or the local roadway network limits the potential to build additional parking. Transit capacity (by rail line) is also limited in some markets; NJ TRANSIT Last Updated: February 2016

MTA Metro-North Railroad (Metro-North) New York, NY

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 0 0 Rail 34 31,000 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 34 31,000 Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database, MTA The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) is a Metro-North Railroad (2016) public benefit corporation chartered by New York State, with a 17-member board nominated by the state governor (with certain members recommended by New York City’s Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None mayor and the county executives of the upstate counties NA served by MTA). MTA’s component agencies manage Covered waiting area* ☐  ☐ ☐ public transit operations (MTA New York City Transit, Enclosed waiting area* ☐  ☐ ☐ MTA Bus Company, MTA Metro-North Railroad, and Restroom, temporary* ☐ ☐ ☐  MTA Long Island Rail Road), roadway facilities (MTA Restroom, permanent* ☐  ☐ ☐ Bridges and Tunnels), and MTA construction projects On-site station personnel* ☐  ☐ ☐ (MTA Capital Construction). Concession, vending* ☐  ☐ ☐ Elec. veh. Charging ☐  ☐ ☐ Metro-North is funded by farebox revenue (72 percent); Real-time info.* ☐  ☐ ☐ various taxes and fees imposed by MTA (10 percent); Ticket machines* ☐  ☐ ☐ operating assistance from the Connecticut DOT for the *Source: Metro North website New Haven Line service (9 percent); and parking fees, advertising, and other revenue sources (9 percent). More Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ than 6.5 million people live within the immediate vicinity All Some None of Metro-North’s 122 stations. NA On-site – all-times* ☐ ☐ ☐   Region of Operation: Northeast On-site – spec. hours* ☐ ☐ ☐  Roaming security* ☐ ☐ ☐   Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Monitored cameras* ☐ ☐ ☐   Between 25,000 and 49,999 Parking Spaces Recording cameras* ☐ ☐ ☐  Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐ ☐  Operating Context entry, etc.* Secondary source: Metro North website MTA Metro-North Railroad operates three lines east of the Hudson River, connecting New York’s Grand Central Station with Poughkeepsie, NY (Hudson Line); Wassaic, Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities NY (Harlem Line); and New Haven, Waterbury, New Metro-North owns parking facilities at 34 of its stations, Canaan, and Danbury, CT (New Haven Line). Two lines but parking is available at municipal and private parking west of the Hudson provide connections to New York City lots at most of its stations, including some stations where via Secaucus Junction and Hoboken, NJ: the Pascack Metro-North also supplies parking. Approximately 26,000 Valley Line from Spring Valley, NY, and the Port Jervis parking spaces are available at municipal and private Line from Port Jervis, NY. New Jersey Transit operates the parking lots in the vicinity of Metro-North stations. Some trains on these Pascack Valley and Port Jervis lines, but of Metro-North’s parking lots are used by nearby Metro-North owns all but one of the stations located in businesses for employee parking on weekends. Some New York State and Metro-North fare instruments are spaces are available at the Yankee Stadium parking accepted for travel to or from stations in New York State. garages for Metro-North park-and-ride use. Metro-North Metro-North also manages two passenger ferries across the has participated in joint developments at stations and sold Hudson River (Haverstraw–Ossining and Newburgh– or leased air rights. Municipal parking is also provided at Beacon) that connect to Hudson Line trains and the eight- the two ferry terminals that connect to Hudson Line line Hudson Rail Link feeder bus service in The Bronx. stations.

Modes Operated Parking Charges as of January 2016  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Metro-North stations with Park-and-Ride services mostly ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) offer free parking for customers. Metro-North charges for parking at stations where daily parking is available. Daily ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) parking rates for 16-hours range from $1.25–4.25, with ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB)  Ferry (FB) $1.25 being the most common rate. Parking charges are ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) used to cover the costs of operating the parking facilities and, when necessary, to manage demand. Monthly permits Excludes demand response modes. MTA Metro-North Railroad (Metro-North) New York, NY are required to park at some locations. The transit agency’s which links to the parking contractor’s website. The parking charges are typically lower than those of municipal parking contractor handles parking permit applications and and private parking lots near its stations. Parking is free on parking fines. Electric vehicle charging stations are weekends and holidays. available at a limited number of stations.

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) TCRP H-52 References Metro-North has developed standard operating procedures  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 for park-and-ride facility management, facility  American Public Transit Association (APTA) maintenance, access management, safety and security, Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition asset management, and parking charges.  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Contracted Parking Management Transportation Metro-North contracts with a private firm to operate its  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit park-and-ride facilities. The firm’s responsibilities include Supportive Parking Policies and Programs lot maintenance, snow removal, issuing parking permits, and parking enforcement. Transit Agency References  The MTA Network Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair http://web.mta.info/mta/network.htm Metro-North has SOPs for facility maintenance and asset  Metro-North Railroad Map management. http://web.mta.info/mnr/html/mnrmap.htm  MTA Metro-North Railroad Planning, Estimating and Managing http://web.mta.info/mnr/html/generalinformation.html Demand for Parking  MTA 2016 Budget and 2016–2019 Financial Plan Adoption Materials Metro-North’s response to the H-52 scan stated that the http://web.mta.info/mta/budget/pdf/MTA_2016_Budg transit agency continually looks for opportunities to et_and_2016- expand parking at high-demand stations and uses pricing as 2019_Financial_Plan_Adoption_Materials.pdf a tool to manage demand. Planning is performed on a  MTA Parking Information Page: station-by-station basis. The scan response did not indicate http://web.mta.info/mnr/html/parking.htm what techniques the transit agency uses to estimate park-and-ride lot demand.

Design Features The transit agency did not supply information or examples of design coordination for park-and-ride facilities and adjacent developments or neighborhoods.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Metro-North’s H-52 scan response did not identify specific transit oriented development activities associated with its stations or park-and-ride facilities.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s)

Metro-North has entered into a joint development partnership at one or more park-and-ride facilities.

Innovation Metro-North’s Train Time smartphone app provides schedules, service advisories, and real-time information about delays and which platform/track a particular train will arrive on. The app also provides information about parking capacities for stations with Metro-North–owned parking and contact information for all parking operators at stations. Trip planning services are available through the app and Metro-North’s website. Stations where parking permits are available are listed on Metro-North’s website, Last Updated: February 2016 Charlotte Area Transit System (CATS) Charlotte, NC

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ The Charlotte Area Transit System (CATS) serves six On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ counties in North Carolina, including Charlotte. CATS is Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ managed by the Public Transit Department, City of Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ Charlotte. The Metropolitan Transit Commission (MTC) is Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ responsible for reviewing and recommending long-range Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ public transportation plans. CATS receives a mix of funds for operating and capital expenses, including a dedicated Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ half-cent sales tax and other local, state, and federal funds. All Some None According to the 2013 National Transit Database, the NA population of CATS’ 688 square mile service area was On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ approximately 1.1 million people. Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ Monitored cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: South Recording cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces entry, etc.

Operating Context Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities CATS is the largest transit system between Atlanta, GA CATS provides parking at park-and-ride lots owned by the and Washington, DC with over 70 local, express and transit agency, churches or non-profit organizations, and regional bus routes, a light rail line, and vanpools serving private entities. Less than 25 percent of park-and-ride more than 28.7 million passenger trips in 2013. CATS has facilities are provided by entities other than CATS. Beyond 48 park-and-ride lots throughout Charlotte, each with transit service, CATS allows its facilities to be used for access to light rail, bus, or vanpool modes. There is one special event parking. high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane running along I-77, providing access to park-and-ride facilities along the Parking Charges as of January 2016 corridor served by LYNX, the CATS light rail system. CATS does not charge for parking at any of its park-and- ride facilities. Modes Operated  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Standard operating procedures are used to manage ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) park-and-ride use, facility maintenance, access ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) management, safety and security, and asset management.  Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP)

Excludes demand response modes. Contracted Parking Management CATS does not contract with a private vendor for Parking by Mode park-and-ride management. Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 1 1,538 Planning, Estimating and Managing Rail 7 3,300 Demand for Parking Ferry 0 0 CATS does not use a specific demand estimation model Total 8 4,838 when planning park-and-ride facilities. At the seven lots Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database that connect transit riders to the LYNX light rail, there is an electronic system in place to count the number of vehicles. These lots transmit data to the CATS website, so that if capacity is reached, potential transit riders may be alerted before arriving at a full lot. There are no park-and-ride facilities where demand exceeds supply. Charlotte Area Transit System (CATS) Charlotte, NC

Design Features

CATS commits one percent of design and construction costs for the integration of art into most major projects in the capital program, including station and surrounding areas, park-and-ride lots, transportation centers, maintenance facilities, and passenger amenities.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) CATS has not participated financially in a transit oriented development opportunity on or adjacent to a park and ride facility.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) CATS has not participated in a public private partnership (P3) associated with park and ride facilities.

Challenges

According to the transit agency’s H-52 scan response, predicting park-and-ride usage is a challenge. Additionally, maintenance after major events, due to litter and vandalism, is a significant challenge.

TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public

Transportation

Transit Agency References  Financial Information: http://charmeck.org/city/charlotte/cats/about/budget/Pages/de fault.aspx

 Fast facts: http://charmeck.org/city/charlotte/cats/news/Pages/facts.aspx  CATS Park and Rides: http://charmeck.org/city/charlotte/cats/Bus/park/Pages/default .aspx  CATS Plan: http://charmeck.org/city/charlotte/cats/planning/ArtinTransit/ Pages/default.aspx

Last Updated: February 2016 Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) Columbus, OH

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ The Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) serves the On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ Columbus metropolitan area. According to the National Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ Transit Database (NTD 2013), the COTA service area is Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ 337 square miles and a population of 1.1 million people. Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ COTA is an independent political subdivision in Ohio, Ticket machines ☐ ☐  ☐ governed by a 13-member board comprised of appointees from the City of Columbus, Franklin County, and Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ surrounding jurisdictions. The transit agency’s total All Some None revenue in 2013 was approximately $161 million. NA Sixty-nine percent of this revenue was derived from sales On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ tax revenue, 16 percent was from federal capital grants, Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ and about 13 percent was from passenger fares. The Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ remaining revenue came from federal and state assistance Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ and other income sources. Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐  ☐ entry, etc.  Region of Operation: Midwest  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Between 1,000 and 2,999 Parking Spaces In COTA’s response to the SH-15 survey, the transit agency reported lease agreements with shopping malls and Operating Context churches to use the lessor’s facilities for park-and-ride. According to NTD 2013 data, COTA provides nearly 19 COTA’s SH-15 survey response states that the transit million annual unlinked passenger trips. In 2010, COTA agency collaborates with the metropolitan planning began working to implement a bus rapid transit service organization, regional council of governments, and other called the CMAX. According to the transit agency’s similar regional authorities for park-and-ride management. website, the Federal Transit Administration approved project development in April 2013, and the transit agency Parking Charges as of January 2016 expects CMAX to be operational by September 2017. COTA does not charge for parking at any of its park-and- ride locations in an effort to incentivize and attract riders. COTA owns and operates a majority of the park-and-ride The transit agency’s SH-15 survey response also explains facilities in the service area. Some park-and-ride lots serve that demand for parking is too low to justify such fees. both local and express bus services.

Modes Operated Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) The transit agency has standard operating procedures for  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) facility management and maintenance, safety and security, ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) and asset management. ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) Contracted Parking Management ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) COTA does not contract with a private vendor for park-

Excludes demand response modes. and-ride management.

Parking by Mode Planning, Estimating and Managing Stations/Lots Spaces Demand for Parking Bus 2 2,354 COTA does not use a travel demand model to estimate Rail 0 0 demand for park-and-ride facilities. The transit agency’s Ferry 0 0 response to the H-52 scan did not explain how COTA Total 2 2,354 estimates park-and-ride demand. Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database According to the COTA website, the transit agency focuses on enhancing service by improving frequency on routes Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) Columbus, OH and increasing urban circulators. The transit agency’s long-term transit plan, NextGen, documents the transit agency’s plan through 2050. This documentation includes a webpage with information, priority goals, an interactive map, and a survey that allows riders to identify which corridors the transit agency should prioritize for frequent service changes.

Design Features The transit agency coordinates its design features at park-and-ride facilities to complement adjacent facilities; however, the response to the H-52 scan did not provide additional detail or documentation.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) The transit agency has not sponsored transit oriented development projects around park-and-ride facilities.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) COTA responded in the H-52 scan that the transit agency has not participated in any public-private partnerships.

TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA)

Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Supportive Parking Policies and Programs

Transit Agency References  Report to the Community 2015: http://www.cota.com/COTA/media/PDF/COTA-Community-Report- Web-PDF.pdf

 Short Range Transit Plan 2015–2019: http://www.cota.com/COTA/media/PDF/SRTP/COTA_2015_2019_S RTP_Final-Board.pdf

Last Updated: February 2016

Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (GCRTA) Cleveland, OH

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 5 2,739 Rail 13 6,061 Ferry 0 0 Total 18 8,800 Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database and Background updated to GCRTA records 2016 Founded in 1975, the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (GCRTA) provides local bus, bus rapid transit, Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities light-rail, heavy-rail, downtown trolley, and paratransit Unsure/ All Some None services to 59 municipalities in Cuyahoga County. GCRTA NA is funded primarily by a dedicated 1 percent sales and use Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ tax in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Additional revenue comes Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ from transit fares, state and federal grant programs, other Restroom, temporary ☐  ☐ ☐ state funds, and advertising revenue. In 2013, the Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ population of GCRTA’s 458 square mile service area was On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ approximately 1.4 million people. Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐ ☐   Region of Operation: Midwest Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Ticket machines  ☐ ☐ ☐  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ All Some None Operating Context NA GCRTA’s parking facilities serve fixed route buses, bus On-site – all-times ☐ ☐ ☐  rapid transit, and rail. Light and heavy rail service provides On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐ ☐  access to downtown Cleveland from surrounding suburbs Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ and provides direct access from the airport to downtown. Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Major parking lot expansions have taken place at the Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated Euclid, North Olmstad, and Westlake park-and-ride  ☐ ☐ ☐ facilities. entry, etc.

Forty-three percent of express or commuter bus passengers Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities and 29 percent of light- and heavy-rail passengers use GCRTA passengers use parking facilities owned or park-and-ride facilities for their daily commute. The managed by other entities, including municipalities and Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority Transit other transit agencies. GCRTA has informal arrangements Police and Facilities Maintenance Departments are for use of the park-and-ride facilities. responsible for enforcement and parking management at GCRTA. Parking Charges as of January 2016 The North Olmstad park-and-ride has a climate-controlled GCRTA does not charge for parking at park-and-ride waiting area for commuters to use while waiting for their facilities; however, the transit agency does charge a higher bus connection. The Stokes/Windermere station is open 24 fare to ride bus park-and-ride premium service. hours day and also offers food service from 4:00 a.m.– 11:00 p.m. on weekdays. GCRTA does not charge for overnight and special event parking. According to the transit agency’s response to the SH-15 survey, GCRTA provides special use permits to Modes Operated other agencies to use GCRTA park-and-ride lots for special  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) events. In these cases, a minimal fee is assessed for the ☐ Trolley Bus (TB)  Heavy Rail (HR) permit. ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR)  Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) GCRTA has standard operating procedures for facility Excludes demand response modes. management, safety, security, and asset management of park-and-ride facilities.

Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (GCRTA) Cleveland, OH

Contracted Parking Management Challenges GCRTA does not formally contract with a private vendor According to GCRTA’s H-52 scan response, charging for for park-and-ride management. parking is challenging because of the cost to maintain technology, the cost to enforce fines on passengers who do Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair not pay, and rider resistance. GCRTA’s response to the H-52 scan stated that the transit agency has SOPs for facility and asset management. The Innovation transit agency did not provide details about these GCRTA offers NextConnect to passengers to monitor bus procedures. locations in real-time. This service provides a list of expected departure times and allows users to sign up for Planning, Estimating and Managing email notifications that will alert the rider when the bus is Demand for Parking on the way. GCRTA uses a system-wide approach for parking management applied uniformly to all parking resources TCRP H-52 References across the transit agency. GCRTA does not use a specific  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 demand estimation model or methodology to estimate  American Public Transit Association (APTA) demand for park-and-ride facilities. GCRTA’s response to Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition the H-52 scan indicated that less than 25 percent of  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to park-and-ride facilities are full at peak commute times. Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Typical peak utilization for all parking in the GCRTA Transportation system is 40 - 45 percent.  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Supportive Parking Policies and Programs Design Features GCRTA coordinated its design of the park-and-ride Transit Agency References facilities with the local communities where each facility is  Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority: located. The design process includes many meetings with http://www.riderta.com/ city officials and residents. Many of the park-and-rides  W. 25th Street TOD Plan Recommendations have features requested specifically by the community. http://www.riderta.com/sites/default/files/tod/2013-06-07- W25TOD-CPCPresentation.pdf  Greater Cleveland Partnership Transit Oriented Development (TOD) http://www.gcpartnership.com/ According to the transit agency’s website, GCRTA, along  GCRTA 2014 Annual Report with other regional stakeholders, has proposed a TOD for http://data.axmag.com/data/201503/20150320/U133364_F329916/F the southeast corner of West 25th Street and Lorain Avenue LASH/index.html incorporating the West 25th Street Rapid Station. The plan proposes to improve connectivity to surrounding neighborhoods, provide physical modifications to the existing station for improved access, and provide accommodations for all travel modes. Another TOD is planned in Shaker Heights at the end of the light rail Blue Line. GRCTA is also pursuing development adjacent its rail stations as part of its TOD strategy to increase ridership and stimulate private investment

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) GCRTA has not participated in public-private partnerships associated with park-and-ride facilities, but the transit agency is active in P3s for other types of facilities.

In 2013, GCRTA and the City of Cleveland won the Public-Private Partnership Award from the International Economic Development Council for the expansion of the downtown trolleys.

Last Updated: February 2016

Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation District of Oregon (TriMet) Portland, OR

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ TriMet was established in 1969 to provide public transit On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ services to the urbanized area of Portland, Oregon. TriMet operates an extensive bus network, five light rail lines, a Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ 14.7-mile long commuter rail line serving west side Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ suburban cities, and operates a streetcar system under Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ contract to the City of Portland. TriMet is governed by a Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ seven-member board, appointed by the governor of Oregon, representing each TriMet district. The transit Park-and-Ride Security agency is funded by a payroll tax, passenger revenue, Unsure/ All Some None federal, state, and local grant funds, and various other NA sources. In 2010, the population of the 570 square mile On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ service area was 1.5 million people. On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: West Roaming security   Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Monitored cameras ☐ ☐ ☐   Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐ entry, etc. Operating Context TriMet has parking facilities for bus and rail modes. Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities Bus-only facilities serve local buses and some express routes. This is supplemented by an extensive network of TriMet has many shared use parking lots provided, in-kind, shared-use park-and-ride facilities. The majority of parking by churches and businesses for use on weekdays only. spaces are at light rail stations. Commuter rail provides There is a written agreement between the transit agency service between the suburban cities of Wilsonville and and each entity that provides a parking facility. Shared use Beaverton, where it connects to the light rail system. lots are designated with TriMet signage. TriMet has, on occasion, provided a one-time payment to the entities that own popular shared ride facilities so assist with the costs of Modes Operated maintaining the parking facility. TriMet-managed parking  Motor Bus (MB)  Streetcar Rail (SR) facilities are dedicated for carpool/transit use only, for a ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) maximum of 24 hours. Under permit, community and ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) jurisdiction initiated events may use TriMet parking Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) ☐ facilities during off peak hours.  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) Excludes demand response modes. Parking Charges as of January 2016 Generally, TriMet does not charge a daily fee for parking Parking by Mode at any of its facilities. Two facilities have a small number Stations/Lots Spaces of pay to park spaces reserved for short-term use. TriMet Bus 6 1,658 provides free parking to encourage transit use. As a result, Rail 28 10,406 facilities were not designed to facilitate the collection of Ferry 0 0 parking fees, such as having restricted entrances for Total 34 12,064 payment facilities. Additionally, by not charging for Source: TriMet,Trimet Operated P&R Facilities parking, TriMet avoids the operating costs associated with a parking payment system.

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Standard operating procedures are used to manage park- and-ride facility use, operations, maintenance, asset management, and security. Parking management is administered by the Capital Projects division. Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation District of Oregon (TriMet) Portland, OR

Contracted Parking Management Challenges TriMet does not contract with a private company for TriMet has several park-and-ride facilities that are park-and-ride management. consistently over capacity. These facilities typically reach capacity early in the morning commute period. However, Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair some of the transit agency’s other lots have almost no TriMet has SOPs for maintenance and asset management. usage. TriMet’s key challenges include right-sizing new The transit agency did not provide examples. park-and-ride facilities, balancing use between existing facilities, and revamping and refurbishing underused and aging facilities. Planning, Estimating and Managing Demand for Parking Lessons Learned TriMet developed a park-and-ride demand estimation TriMet continuously monitors its park-and-ride facilities to model specific to their system. Variables in the transit improve efficiency and effectiveness. Through its agency’s demand estimation model include: monitoring practices, the transit agency has developed/redeveloped multiple facilities to better serve  Number of households within a 10 minute peak hour riders. drive (from the regional travel demand model)  Number of park-and-ride transit riders within a 10- minute peak hour drive (from the regional travel Innovation demand model) TriMet provides real-time arrival information, through  The closest lot to the CBD for each route station information displays, the internet, and mobile  If it is the terminus applications. The transit agency also provides a mobile fare  Available adjacent bus service payment application. TriMet has approached the software developer of WAZE, a crowd-sourcing real-time traffic  Ease of freeway access conditions application about adding the option of reporting  Special factors for the Gateway Park-and-ride and for full park and ride facilities within the application. locations west of the Willamette River According to TriMet, WAZE has not expressed interest in TriMet used the model to estimate demand for the new pursuing this enhancement to their software. light rail Orange Line, which has significant overlap in the catchment area with the existing Green Line. The model TCRP H-52 References correctly predicted that the facilities where the overlap  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 occurs would be at capacity when the line opened.  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Design Features  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan TriMet has built the majority of its park-and-ride facilities and Manage Park-and-ride Facilities for Public in conjunction with rail service expansion initiatives. The Transportation design of each facility is developed within the overall  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit design guidelines of each project. Supportive Parking Policies and Programs

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Transit Agency References TriMet’s light rail system has given rise to several  TriMet regulations governing parking facilities: transit-oriented developments (TOD), several of which https://trimet.org/pdfs/code/TriMet_Code_Chapter_30 were integral to the planning of a particular light rail .pdf extension. TriMet has repurposed under-performing  Park-and-ride facility design example: park-and-ride lots and drop-offs as TOD initiatives under http://trimet.org/pdfs/pm/stations/Station-Area-Fact- FTA guidelines. The 185th Ave/Willow Creek and Orenco Sheets/PMLR_Park_Ave_Fact_Sheet_Sept2012.pdf stations represent examples of repurposing. Heavily used  TriMet App Center, transit tools for the web and facilities are also included in TriMet’s effort to provide mobile devices: http://trimet.org/apps/index.htm more TOD. In coordination with the city of Portland, the  TriMet mobile website: http://trimet.org/m over-capacity Gateway transit center park-and-ride facility was redeveloped so that half of the surface lot was converted to a medical facility and shared use parking garage—developing a new site use while maintaining parking capacity.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Last Updated: February 2016 TriMet does not have any public-private partnerships. Port Authority of Allegheny County Pittsburgh, PA

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 9 6,754 Rail 12 7,202 Ferry 0 0 Total 21 13,956 Background Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database The Port Authority of Allegheny County is an independent public authority providing public transportation throughout Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities the City of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County. The Unsure/ All Some None authority operates bus, light rail, inclined plane, and ADA NA paratransit services for approximately 209,000 daily riders. Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ As of 2013, the service area population is approximately Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ 1.4 million people. The governing body is an 11-member Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ board of directors appointed by the governor of Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ Pennsylvania, the Pennsylvania House of Representatives On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ and Senate, and by the Allegheny County Executive. Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ ☐ ☐  ☐ According to Port Authority’s Operating and Capital Elec. veh. charging Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ Improvement Budget for fiscal 2016, the transit agency’s Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ operating budget is approximately $398 million. Fifty-six percent is provided by state operating assistance, 27 percent is from farebox revenue, 9 percent is funded from Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ federal, state, and county operating grants, and the All Some None NA remaining 8 percent is funded through county operating On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ assistance funds. On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: Northeast Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐ entry, etc. Operating Context Port Authority’s highest ridership is by bus, with an Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities average weekday ridership of 179,400 in fiscal 2015. The Port Authority partners with different public and private Port Authority’s light rail system (the T) carried an average entities to provide park-and-ride lots for customers. weekday ridership of 27,900. The transit agency also Park-and-ride partners include municipalities, privately operates ADA complementary paratransit and two incline owned lots or structures associated with another use (i.e., planes. The transit agency owns and operates the church parking), other transit agencies, and the regional Monongahela Incline and leases the Duquesne Incline to a parking authority. Port Authority enters into leases and non-profit group. agreements to use these facilities for park-and-ride.

Port Authority operates park-and-ride lots connecting to Parking Charges as of January 2016 bus routes and light rail lines. As of 2015, 54 locations are Most Port Authority park-and-ride facilities offer free available for park-and-ride use, with a total 13,956 spaces. parking. Parking facilities not owned by Port Authority are subject to fees set by each lot owner. Typical fees for Port Modes Operated Authority lots start at $2 or $8 for daily parking. Monthly  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) rates are available at $22 or $125. The transit agency’s ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) SH-15 survey response indicated Port Authority is ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) considering implementing parking fees for all transit ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) agency owned park-and-ride lots.  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Excludes demand response and inclined plane modes. Port Authority’s response to the H-52 scan indicated that the transit agency uses standard operating procedures to manage park- and-ride, facility maintenance, security, and asset management.

Port Authority of Allegheny County Pittsburgh, PA

Contracted Parking Management Lessons Learned The transit agency contracts with an outside vendor for The transit agency considers total transit rider costs, park-and-ride management at two locations the Authority including park-and-ride parking fees and transit fees, when owns. assessing future park-and-ride facilities.

Planning, Estimating and Managing Innovation Demand for Parking The transit agency offers smart-card fare technology and The Port Authority uses a regionally specific travel real-time vehicle tracking information. The ConnectCard is demand model from the Southwestern Pennsylvania Port Authority’s reusable smart card that riders can Commission, the metropolitan planning organization for purchase and reload at ConnectCard machines and online the Pittsburgh area or park-and-ride planning. The transit through the ConnectCard website. Beyond transit fare agency’s SH-15 survey response stated that 70 to payments, riders can use the smart card as an additional 90 percent of park-and-ride lots are at capacity during peak payment type at select retailers throughout Port Authority’s times. Port Authority adds parking spaces where demand service area. exceeds supply and as funding becomes available. Port Authority provides real-time vehicle tracking through Expansion of the Ross park-and-ride lot is underway, and its website. Tracking information includes estimated Port Authority has applied for funding to expand its park- arrival times and a bus location map. A text only website and-ride facilities in Carnegie and McKeesport. format is also available for mobile devices as well as a transit app for real-time information. Design Features Port Authority is currently working with developers to TCRP H-52 References enhance connectivity through design features at three  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 park-and-ride lots.  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Transportation  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit The transit agency is planning transit-oriented developments at Castle Shannon Park-and-Ride and South Supportive Parking Policies and Programs Hills Village. Port Authority is adding structured parking to these stations. Future plans include residential, retail, Transit Agency References and commercial developments around the stations. The  Pittsburgh Business Times, Shannon Station adds private developer is planning to add parking at the East apartments, partners (2014) Liberty Busway Station.  Port Authority webpage: http://www.portauthority.org Public-Private Partnerships (P3s)  Port Authority of Allegheny County Operating and Capital Improvement Budget: Port Authority is currently working on a joint development http://www.portauthority.org/paac/portals/capital/budgetbooks/Budge project with Allegheny County’s Economic Development tBook2016.pdf Office and private development firms. The project includes parking enhancements for three park-and-ride lots and connectivity enhancements between adjacent stations. The transit agency negotiates lease agreements with developers (selected from a competitive and widely publicized request for proposal process).

Challenges Planning for parking along major transit corridors is a significant challenge for the transit agency. Port Authority often has difficultly locating property owners willing to sell land or lease spaces near over-capacity park-and-ride lots. Lack of available funding hampers the Port Authority’s ability to lease or otherwise acquire additional parking capacity.

Last Updated: February 2016

Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Capital Metro) Austin, TX

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Capital Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ Metro) is the regional public transit authority for the Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ Austin metropolitan area. The transit agency operates bus, Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ commuter bus, commuter rail, vanpool, and ADA Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ paratransit services within the 529-square-mile service area, serving a population of approximately 1 million Park-and-Ride Security people. The eight-member Capital Metro board of directors Unsure/ All Some None is comprised of members appointed by the regional NA metropolitan planning organization, the City of Austin, and On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ Travis and Williamson Counties. Capital Metro’s Finance On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ and Audit Info webpage forecasts total revenue for FY Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ 2016 at approximately $357 million. The webpage also Monitored cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  indicates that the transit agency derives approximately Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated 61 percent of its revenue from a 1 percent local sales tax ☐ ☐  ☐ dedicated to transit. Passenger fare revenue, federal and entry, etc. state grants, and other miscellaneous revenue provide the rest of Capital Metro’s revenue. Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities According to Capital Metro’s response in the SH-15  Region of Operation: South survey, the transit agency has shared use agreements with  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban the City of Jonestown and the City of Lago Vista for two  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces municipal park-and-ride lots. Capital Metro also has a shared-use agreement with the Capital Area Rural Operating Context Transportation System (the rural transit provider for the region) to provide a park-and-ride lot located in the city of Capital Metro provides approximately 36 million unlinked Elgin. The transit agency also leases park-and-ride lots passenger trips per year. Bus ridership makes up the from shopping centers and churches in the Austin area. majority of trips, with around 34 million unlinked Capital Metro leases approximately 26 to 50 percent of its passenger trips. MetroRail provides approximately 835,000 park-and-ride lots from private entities. annual trips. The transit agency’s park-and-ride lots provide riders access to both bus and rail service. Parking Charges as of January 2016 Modes Operated Capital Metro does not charge for parking at any of the transit agency’s park-and-ride lots. In the SH-15 survey  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) response, Capital Metro reported the cost to maintain ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) technology, cost to enforce, and potential rider pushback as  Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) reasons for not charging for parking. Additionally, the ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) transit agency hopes to attract more riders by offering free ☐ Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) parking.

Excludes demand response modes. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Parking by Mode Capital Metro has standard operating procedures for management, facility maintenance, safety and security, and Stations/Lots Spaces asset management for park-and-ride lots. Bus 4 1,883 Rail 3 1,271 Ferry 0 0 Contracted Parking Management Total 7 3,154 Capital Metro does not contract with a vendor for park- Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database and-ride management. Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Capital Metro) Austin, TX

Maintenance and State of Good Repair Transit Agency References Capital Metro evaluates park-and-ride facilities from a  Capital Metro Budget and Financial Info: system perspective every five years as part of the Service http://www.capmetro.org/transparency/ Plan update process. This ensures that each park-and-ride  2014 Annual Report: facility receives a regular review and evaluation of needs. http://www.capmetro.org/uploadedFiles/Capmetroorg/About_Us/Ann ualReport2014_web_accessible.pdf Findings from the five-year service plan update guide service expansions and/or revisions, as well as help to define the capital, operational, and maintenance programs.

Planning, Estimating and Managing Demand for Parking Capital Metro uses a demand estimation model, developed by the Texas A&M Transportation Institute, to plan for park-and-ride demand.

Design Features

According to the 2014 Annual Report, Capital Metro works closely with the City of Austin and other groups within the city to promote walkable communities and sustainable growth.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Capital Metro has one approved TOD plan and two potential TOD plans at park-and-ride locations near rail stations. The approved Leander Station plan calls for 120,000 square feet of retail, 250,000 square feet of office space, and between 200 and 973 residential units. The transit agency coordinated with the City of Leander and adjacent property owners to develop the site plan.

The MetroRail Crestview Station is adjacent to Midtown Commons, a transit oriented mixed-use development

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Capital Metro negotiated a joint development project for an adjacent lot near one of the MetroRail stations, Plaza Saltillo. The completed development will contain mixed- use residential units, retail shops, and restaurants.

Innovation

In 2014, Capital Metro released a mobile app, allowing riders to purchase tickets online and check for route information with real-time arrival information. Capital

Metro offers free Wi-Fi on MetroRail, MetroExpress, and

MetroRapid vehicles.

TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Supportive Parking Policies and Programs Last Updated: February 2016 Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) Dallas, TX

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) has provided transit On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ service throughout Dallas, TX, and in 12 surrounding cities Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ since 1983. The transit agency operates bus, light rail, Elec. veh. Charging ☐ ☐  ☐ paratransit and vanpool services. DART also owns and Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ operates the Trinity Railway Express commuter rail system Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ in partnership with The T in Fort Worth, TX. DART is governed by a 15-member board of directors. Eight Park-and-Ride Security members represent the City of Dallas, and seven board Unsure/ All Some None members represent the other cities within DART’s service NA area. According to the transit agency’s 2015 Reference On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ Book, DART is funded by a dedicated 1 cent local sales On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ tax, federal grant funds, investment income, farebox Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ Monitored cameras ☐ ☐  ☐ revenue, and various financing packages. In 2013, the Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ population of DART’s 696 square miles service area was Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐  ☐ almost 2.5 million people. entry, etc.

 Region of Operation: South Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Parking is provided at park-and-ride facilities that are  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces operated by DART, other local or regional agencies, and by private entities. Less than 25 percent of DART’s Operating Context parking is provided by other entities. Non-DART parking DART’s parking facilities serve both bus and rail modes. facility partnerships are managed by rental or lease Bus-only facilities provide access to local, express, agreements. The transit agency does not operate with flexible, and transit center bus routes. Rail facilities serve informal agreements. Beyond transit service, DART allows light rail or commuter rail. The Texas Department of its facilities to be used for special event parking and as Transportation operates high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) staging areas for community events. lanes in the DART service area on Interstates I-35E, I-635, and I-30. Transit routes that serve park-and-ride facilities Parking Charges as of January 2016 have access to the HOV lanes. DART does not charge for parking at any facilities. Between April 2012 and April 2014, the transit agency Modes Operated conducted a trial for reserved parking, called Fair Share, at  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) four park-and-ride lots. The concept was to provide free, ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) reserved parking to residents of the DART service area ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) with a parking permit and to charge a parking fee to ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) non-service area residents. At the end of the trial period,  Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) DART stopped offering reserved parking at all but one park-and-ride location and discontinued parking charges at Excludes demand response modes. all park-and-ride facilities. DART produced a report documenting the Fair Share experience and the reasons the Parking by Mode transit agency discontinued the paid parking program. Stations/Lots Spaces According to the report, a parking fee was introduced at Bus 9 5,043 suburban park-and-rides to “manage park and ride lot Rail 36 18,156 capacity through pricing, address the equity issue of Ferry 0 0 subsidizing transit capacity for non-service area users, and ensure positive net transit revenue from Fair Share”. In the Total 45 23,199 Source: 2014 APTA Infrastructure Database review of Fair Share, DART found transit ridership was not diminished as a result of charging for parking but parking demand shifted to free lots. Customers responding to a DART survey said parking charges caused congestion at parking lots closer to the central business district and overloaded parking for people with disabilities. During the Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) Dallas, TX trial period, Fair Share was not profitable; however, reviewing several opportunities for use of DART property DART’s revenue forecast predicted a profitable program as part of TOD. by March 2015, if the program was left in place. Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) DART has not participated in a public-private partnership DART uses standard operating procedures to manage park- associated with park-and-ride facilities. and-ride use, facility maintenance, security, and direct asset management. Lessons Learned Charging for parking is complicated because parking fees Contracted Parking Management may encourage riders to use free parking locations, could DART does not contract with a private vendor for shift service demand, and negatively affects parking for park-and-ride management. people with disabilities.

Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair To charge for parking successfully, a transit agency should incorporate real-time parking monitoring to advise users of DART’s Ways, Structures, and Amenities division is available spaces and charge at all of the transit agency’s responsible for maintaining passenger amenities and lots (instead of charging at certain locations only). facilities. The division’s activities, as reported in DART’s 2016 Business Plan, are “time-based, corrective, [or] condition-based”. Innovation DART offers mobile ticketing to its riders through the Planning, Estimating and Managing mobile ticketing app (GoPass). Riders can check schedules, pay for transit fares, and schedule pickups with Demand for Parking a ridesharing service such as Uber. The transit agency DART uses a region specific demand estimation model to states that it integrated Uber into its mobile application to plan for parking, and the transit agency monitors utilization assist with first/last mile transportation and provide another at its park-and-ride facilities. As reported in DART’s travel option to its riders. Additionally, DART offers response to the H-52 scan, the transit agency has parking NextBus service for all of the transit agency’s fixed route locations where the demand for parking exceeds supply services. NextBus provides information about service and none of the parking facilities experience demand less schedules and estimated arrival times. than 50 percent of capacity. To accommodate increased demand, DART has added surface parking. TCRP H-52 References In the response to the H-52 scan, DART reported that the  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 current demand estimation model often overestimates park-  American Public Transit Association (APTA) and-ride lot requirements in the core of the city. Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan Design Features and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public The transit agency did not supply information or examples Transportation of design coordination for park-and-ride facilities and adjacent developments or neighborhoods. Transit Agency References  DART 2016 Business Plan: Transit Oriented Development (TOD) http://www.dart.org/ShareRoot/debtdocuments/FY16BusinessPlan.pd f?nocache=1 DART is the steward of a significant public investment  DART Strategic Plan, 2011–2015: which includes important real property assets. Continuing http://www.dart.org/strategicplan/dartstrategicplan.pdf expansion and maturation of the transit system along with  DART 2015 Reference Book: initiatives that direct and concentrate transit oriented http://www.dart.org/about/dartreferencebookmar15.pdf development and urban infill around transit facilities  Dallas Area High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Guide: enhance the value of these assets. DART seeks to work in https://ftp.dot.state.tx.us/pub/txdot-info/dal/hov/map-hov-master.pdf close partnership with its member cities and private  On the Go and In the Know: developers to identify and implement TOD opportunities. http://dart.org/riding/traveltoolsandapps.asp By promoting high quality TOD on and near DART owned  DART Transit Oriented Development Policy, Policy properties, including park-and-ride facilities, the transit No. IV.03 (Planning), October 24, 1989. system can attract riders and generate new opportunities to create revenue for DART. TOD can also promote environmentally sustainable, livable communities that are focused on transit accessibility. DART and is currently Last Updated: February 2016 Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County (METRO) Houston, TX

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 41 34,196 Rail 1 1,439 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 42 35,635 The Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database (METRO) is the largest public transportation provider in the Houston metropolitan area. In 1978, Houston residents Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ voted to create the transit agency and approved a 1-cent All Some None local sales tax for dedicated funding. METRO is governed NA Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ by a nine-member board of directors comprised of Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ appointees named by the mayor Houston (5), the mayors of Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ smaller municipalities in the METRO service area (2), and Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ the Harris County Commissioners Court (2). According to On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ the transit agency’s FY 2016 Business Plan and Budget, Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ the transit agency’s projects 2016 revenue will be nearly Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ $927 million. Approximately 70 percent of the transit Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ agency’s 2016 revenue is from the 1 percent sales tax, Ticket machines  ☐ ☐ ☐ about 15 percent is from federal and state grants, and about 4 percent is from passenger fares with the remaining Park-and-Ride Security revenue coming from interest and miscellaneous sources. Unsure/ All Some None According to the 2013 National Transit Database (NTD), NA the population in METRO’s 1,285 square mile service area On-site – all-times ☐  ☐ ☐ is 3.7 million people. On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: South Monitored cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Recording cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated  Between 25,000 and 49,999 Parking Spaces  ☐ ☐ ☐ entry, etc.

Operating Context Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities METRO operates transit service in one of the largest Some of the transit agency’s park-and-ride service operates metropolitan areas in the United States. According to the from privately owned parking facilities. Less than 25 NTD database, the transit agency had a total ridership of percent of park-and-ride facilities are provided by entities 84.2 million in 2013, including 7.9 million on commuter other than METRO. bus from park-and-ride facilities and 2.5 million vanpool riders. Parking Charges as of January 2016 The highway network in Houston includes managed lanes METRO charges a fee for parking at two park-and-ride for high occupancy vehicles, many of which provide direct facilities. At Fannin South Transit Center (on the METRO access to METRO park-and-ride facilities. METRO Rail Red Line), parking is $3 per day, or $40 for a monthly manages a majority of these lanes (Harris County Toll parking permit. The METRO Cypress park-and-ride garage Road Authority manages the others) and uses the lanes to is a joint development with a private developer. Parking is operate commuter bus park-and-ride service. METRO’s $4.50 per day but the fee is waived with a valid fare on a Park & Ride routes are a popular transportation option in METRO park-and-ride bus. the Houston area. A 2013 Downtown Commute Survey found that over 26 percent of the downtown workers that Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) responded to the survey used METRO Park & Ride. METRO uses standard operating procedures for facility management, maintenance, safety and security, and asset Modes Operated management.  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Contracted Parking Management  Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) The transit agency does not contract with a vendor for ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) park-and-ride facility management.  Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP)

Excludes demand response modes. Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County (METRO) Houston, TX

Planning, Estimating and Managing TCRP H-52 References Demand for Parking  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 METRO uses an in-house model to estimate demand for  American Public Transit Association (APTA) park-and-ride facilities. Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan Design Features and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public According to METRO’s online blog, the transit agency has Transportation coordinated with other entities for design elements of park-and-ride facilities. One example is the design of a Transit Agency References hike and bike trail connected to the Kingsland Park &  About Metro: Ride; METRO partnered with Harris County to fund the http://www.ridemetro.org/Pages/AboutMETRO.aspx design improvements.  Metro Business Plan and Budget FY 2016: http://www.ridemetro.org/MetroPDFs/FinancialAuditInformation/Bu dgets/FY2016-Business-Plan_Budgets.pdf Transit Oriented Development (TOD)  Write On Metro: http://blogs.ridemetro.org/blogs/write_on/ The transit agency has financially participated in one or  Central Houston, Inc., Downtown Commute Survey more transit oriented development projects on or adjacent 2013 to a park-and-ride facility.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) METRO’s website provides detailed documentation of the transit agency’s joint development policies, guidelines, and procedures.

Innovation According to the transit agency’s website, METRO offers several payment options to riders. The Metro Q card is an electronic reloadable smartcard that offers discounts and rewards, such as five free trips with every 50 trips purchased. In January 2016, METRO began beta testing of the transit agency’s latest fare media, a smartphone-based mobile ticketing app that allows riders to pay for tickets on a smartphone and display proof of purchase to METRO staff/operators. The mobile ticketing app is expected to launch in broad-release in 2016.

Other Regional Park-and-Ride

The Woodlands Express also operates in the Houston area, providing park-and-ride service from three locations in The Woodlands Township to employment centers in Houston (downtown, Texas Medical Center, Greenway Plaza)

Monday through Friday. The Woodlands Express does not charge for parking.

Fort Bend County Public Transportation is another regional transit agency that provides park-and-ride to employment centers in the METRO service area (Uptown/Galleria, Greenway, and Texas Medical Center) Monday through Friday. Commuter service operates from two shared use lots and a county-owned park-and-ride facility in Fort Bend County. The county does not charge for parking.

Last Updated: February 2016 Sun Metro El Paso, TX

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Background Restroom, temporary ☐  ☐ ☐ Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ Founded in 1987, Sun Metro is a public transportation On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ provider serving the City of El Paso, Texas. Sun Metro Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ currently operates 59 regular transit routes, 1 bus rapid Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ transit (BRT) corridor (opened in 2014), and paratransit. Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ Sun Metro provided 12.5 million annual passenger trips in Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ 2013. The paratransit service consists of 65 LIFT vehicles that provide about 217,000 annual passenger trips. Sun Park-and-Ride Security Metro’s fleet is entirely fueled by compressed natural gas Unsure/ All Some None (CNG). In 2011, Sun Metro received the Outstanding NA Public Transportation System award presented by the On-site – all-times ☐  ☐ ☐ American Public Transportation Association. On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: South Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Large Urban Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated  Between 1,000 and 2,999 Parking Spaces ☐  ☐ ☐ entry, etc.

Operating Context Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities Sun Metro’s parking facilities serve fixed-route and bus Sun Metro has partnerships with municipalities, the Texas rapid transit services. The transit agency does not provide Department of Transportation, and private entities to use commuter bus services. However, the transit agency shared use park-and-ride facilities. Sun Metro uses rental permits other transit agencies that provide commuter or lease agreements for the use of non-agency facilities for services (from Las Cruces, New Mexico, for example) to park-and-ride service. Additionally, some of the facilities use its transfer centers as terminals. that Sun Metro uses for park-and-ride are made available to the transit agency through handshake agreements. Modes Operated  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Parking Charges as of January 2016 ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Sun Metro charges for parking at two park-and-ride ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) facilities. According to the transit agency’s website,  Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) parking at the Union Plaza Transit Terminal is $7 per day ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) and $10 for nightlife/events. Parking at the Glory Road Transfer Center costs $1 per hour up to $10, and parking Excludes demand response modes. for nightlife/event parking is $10.

Parking by Mode Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Stations/Lots Spaces Sun Metro uses standard operating procedures to manage Bus 7 1,638 park and ride use, facility maintenance, safety and security, Rail 0 0 access management, and direct asset management. Ferry 0 0 Total 7 1,638 Source: Sun Metro Contracted Parking Management Sun Metro contracts with a private vendor for park-and-ride management.

Planning, Estimating and Managing Demand for Parking Sun Metro does not use a specific park-and-ride demand estimation model or methodology. However, the transit agency has a formal process to plan for park-and-ride facilities. Sun Metro El Paso, TX

Design Features

The transit agency coordinates the design of park-and-ride facilities with adjacent developments of neighborhoods.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) The transit agency has participated in one or more transit oriented development opportunities on or adjacent to a park and ride facility. They have two areas with TOD along the new BRT corridor.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s)

The transit agency developed various public-private partnerships to improve facilities.

Innovation In 2014, the transit agency began designing a TOD for

Northeast El Paso with support from a $10.3 million TIGER grant. In the same year, Sun Metro began construction on the $145 million Sun Metro Brio—El Paso’s future bus rapid transit system. Sun Metro opened the first BRT corridor along Mesa Street in 2014.

TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public

Transportation

Transit Agency References  Park-and-Ride: http://www.sunmetro.net/howto_park-and-ride.html  Sun Metro’s official web page

http://www.sunmetro.net/

Last Updated: February 2016 Utah Transit Authority (UTA) Salt Lake City, UT

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐  Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐ ☐  Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐ ☐  Background Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐ ☐  The Utah Transit Authority (UTA) is the transit provider On-site station personnel ☐ ☐ ☐  for the greater Salt Lake City area. The transit agency Concession, vending ☐ ☐ ☐  operates a fleet of 450 buses, 84 light rail vehicles, and 36 Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐ ☐  commuter rail vehicles. The transit system serves an Real-time info. ☐ ☐ ☐  estimated 1.8 million people within the 1,600 square mile Ticket machines ☐ ☐ ☐  service area. A 16-member board of trustees, composed of appointed officials, governs UTA. According to UTA’s Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ 2015 Budget Document, the transit agency has an annual All Some None operating budget of approximately $241.7 million. The NA majority of revenue (62 percent) comes from sales tax On-site – all-times ☐ ☐ ☐  On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐ ☐  revenue, while 16 percent is from federal funds and Roaming security ☐ ☐ ☐  15 percent is from farebox revenue. The remaining revenue Monitored cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  is from advertising and other program and investment Recording cameras ☐ ☐ ☐  earnings. Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐ ☐  entry, etc.  Region of Operation: West  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces UTA coordinates with local, state, and private entities for park-and-ride facilities. The Church of Jesus Christ of Operating Context Latter-Day Saints (LDS) is an important partner with UTA. UTA’s highest ridership is on the the transit agency’s light According to the transit agency’s SH-15 survey response, rail system, TRAX, with over 19 million annual boardings. UTA uses over 90 different LDS church locations as park- UTA’s bus service has the second highest ridership, with and-ride lots on weekdays. over 18 million annual boardings. UTA’s commuter rail, FrontRunner, attracts over 4 million annual boardings, and UTA also works with other entities, such as local malls and the streetcar line in south Salt Lake City has approximately municipalities and the Utah Department of Transportation 335,000 annual boardings. to provide additional parking facilities.

UTA’s 39 park-and-ride facilities are located along TRAX Parking Charges as of January 2016 or FrontRunner. Additional park-and-ride lots are provided UTA does not currently charge fees for parking at any by public and private entities to serve bus routes. park-and-ride facility. According to the UTA park-and-ride webpage, nine park-and-ride lots are designated for Modes Operated parking during the daytime only. The website does not  Motor Bus (MB)  Streetcar Rail (SR) document whether the transit agency tickets or tows cars ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) parked outside of these hours.  Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR)  Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) UTA has standard operating procedures for park-and-ride Excludes demand response modes. facilities. The SH-15 report indicates that UTA has a park-and-ride master plan with a 30-year horizon that Parking by Mode includes new infrastructure, maintenance, and management policies. According to SH-15, UTA determines parking Stations/Lots Spaces management based on different station typologies (the Bus 0 5,349 transit agency manages surface park-and-ride lots Rail 39 16,031 differently than structured park-and-ride lots). Ferry 0 0 Total 39 21,380 Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database Utah Transit Authority (UTA) Salt Lake City, UT

Planning, Estimating and Managing TCRP H-52 References Demand for Parking  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 According to UTA’s response to the H-52 scan, the transit  American Public Transit Association (APTA) agency uses a hybrid approach to estimating demand for Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition park-and-ride facility planning. The method uses the  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan regional-specific travel demand model and data collected and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public by UTA-administered surveys. Transportation  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Design Features Supportive Parking Policies and Programs UTA did not provide information regarding design coordination for park-and-ride facilities. Transit Agency References  UTA Park-and-Ride Locator Map: Transit Oriented Development (TOD) http://www.rideuta.com/mc/?page=RidingUTA-ParkAndRideLots  Utah Transit Authority Year in Review 2014: According to the UTA SH-15 survey response, most local http://www.rideuta.com/uploads/UTAYearinReview2014.pdf jurisdictions where park-and-ride facilities are located have  UTA App Center Webpage: policies to encourage transit-oriented development. Some http://www.rideuta.com/mc/?page=UTA-Home-AppCenter jurisdictions have reduced parking requirements at transit stations. UTA’s SH-15 survey response stated the transit agency considers structured parking at park-and-ride locations where it is relevant and effective to TOD developments. UTA is pursuing funding and agreements for three park-and-ride locations to build structured parking. As of 2015, the transit agency’s TOD webpage showed 11 TOD projects underway, nine of which are located at park-and-ride locations.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) According to the transit agency’s SH-15 survey response, UTA is considering joint-development opportunities at 11 transit stations.

Challenges According to the transit agency’s SH-15 survey response, UTA does not charge parking fees because of the costs associated with fee collection and anticipated resistance from riders.

Innovation

According to the Utah Transit Authority Year in Review 2014 report, UTA ridership increased with the implementation of Farepay, a prepaid and reloadable smart card. Farepay is valid to pay transit fares and also accepted by more than 300 retailers in the Salt Lake City area.

Beyond increasing ridership through technology, UTA uses smart card data to analyze passenger trips and plan for future service needs.

The transit agency offers third-party mobile apps on the website. Third-party apps are developed using UTA General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) files and Service Interface for Real Time Information (SIRI) files. UTA offers these data free of charge as a public service. Additionally, the transit agency has a text-based mobile app called Ride Time. The Ride Time SMS text message service gives riders real-time bus departure information for more than 6,500 bus stops throughout the service area. Last Updated: February 2016 Fairfax County Department of Transportation (Fairfax Connector) Fairfax, VA

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 13 4,249 Rail 5 4,663 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 18 8,912 Fairfax County, Virginia established the Fairfax Connector Source: Fairfax County Park and Ride website (2016) in 1985. The transit service has grown to become the largest local bus system in Northern Virginia, providing Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ 35,000 rides per day on 84 routes. The county’s All Some None 10-member board of supervisors sets county policy, NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ including the Fairfax Connector. Fairfax Connector service Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ is concentrated in three areas in the western, northwestern, Restroom, temporary ☐  ☐ ☐ and southeastern portions of the county. Fairfax Connector Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ also operates commuter routes to the Pentagon and Crystal On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ City in Arlington County. Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ Fairfax County also helps fund Metrobus (Washington Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ Metropolitan Area Transit Authority [WMATA]) local Ticket machines ☐ ☐  ☐ service in the central portion of the county and Metrobus commuter service to Washington, D.C., and Arlington Park-and-Ride Security County, VA, from various locations around the county. Unsure/ All Some None Funding sources for public transportation in Fairfax NA County include federal and state grants, Northern Virginia On-site – all-times ☐  ☐ ☐ Transportation District and county bonds, the Northern On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ Virginia motor fuels tax, the county’s general fund, the Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ county’s commercial and industrial real estate tax for Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ transportation, and farebox revenues. In 2013, the Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated population of Fairfax Connector’s 399 square-mile service ☐ ☐  ☐ area was over 1 million people. entry, etc.

 Region of Operation: South Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Fairfax Connector bus routes serve 17 non-county-owned  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces park-and-ride lots (not including park-and-ride lots at Metrorail stations served by Fairfax Connector). These lots Operating Context are owned by the Virginia DOT, private businesses, and The Fairfax County Department of Transportation (DOT) churches, and represent an additional 3,343 parking spaces. owns 18 park-and-ride facilities. Of these, 13 lots with a The county enters into rental or lease agreements to total of 4,249 spaces serve Fairfax Connector and/or provide park-and-ride at these locations. Metrobus routes. Four lots, with 2,363 spaces total, are located at Virginia Railway Express commuter rail Parking Charges as of January 2016 stations. One 2,300-space parking garage is located at the Fairfax County does not charge for parking at county- Wiehle-Reston East Metrorail station; Fairfax County owned park-and-ride lots. As of January 2016, the owns this station, but WMATA operates it. WMATA-operated parking garage at the Wiehle–Reston East Metrorail station charges $4.85 to park on weekdays Modes Operated and $65 per month for reserved parking (in addition to the daily fee). These charges are similar to other Metrorail  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) parking facilities. ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) Fairfax County has developed standard operating ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) procedures for park-and-ride facility management, facility

Excludes demand response modes. maintenance, access management, and safety and security. Park-and-ride lots are included in the county’s transit asset management program.

Fairfax County Department of Transportation (Fairfax Connector) Fairfax, VA

Contracted Parking Management http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dmb/fy2014/advertised/cip/transportati on.pdf Fairfax County does not contract with a private company  Fairfax County Park and Rides to manage its park-and-rides. However, the county has an http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/connector/parkandrides agreement with WMATA to operate the county-owned  Wiehle–Reston East Parking parking garage at the Wiehle–Reston East Metrorail http://www.wmata.com/rail/parking/parking_detail.cfm?station=115 station.

Planning, Estimating and Managing Demand for Parking Both a region-specific model and a custom in-house demand estimation model are used to estimate park-and- ride demand. Fairfax County monitors the utilization of its park-and-ride facilities and has parking locations where the demand for parking exceeds supply and locations that are less than 50 percent utilized. In the past, Fairfax County has added spaces and constructed structured parking to address excess demand. The county uses a combination of marketing and transit service adjustments to encourage the use of underutilized lots.

Design Features Fairfax County has coordinated park-and-ride facility design or features to complement adjacent developments or neighborhoods.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) One or more park-and-ride lots have been modified to add or support transit-oriented development (TOD. TOD has occurred adjacent to the Wiehle–Reston East Metrorail station, where the county owns the parking garage.

Innovation Fairfax Connector buses accept the regional SmarTrip smart card for fare payment. Transit riders can use the SmarTrip card to pay the parking fee at the county-owned, WMATA-operated parking garage at the Wiehle-Reston East Metrorail station. Trip planning information for Fairfax Connector is available through the regional public transportation online trip planner provided by WMATA.

TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation

Transit Agency References  Fairfax Connector Celebrates 30th Anniversary http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/connector/news/2015/15_016.htm  Fairfax Connector Transit Development Plan http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/fcdot/tdp.htm  Fairfax County, VA: FY 2014 – FY 2018 Advertised Last Updated: February 2016 CIP: Transportation and Pedestrian Initiatives Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation Authority (WMATA) Washington, D.C.

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐  ☐ ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ The Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ Authority (WMATA), formed in 1967, operates transit Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ service in Washington, D.C., and the surrounding Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ communities in Maryland and Virginia. WMATA owns Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ and operates the Metrorail and Metrobus systems. The Ticket machines  ☐ ☐ ☐ transit agency is a tri-jurisdictional government transit agency operating under a board of directors with two Park-and-Ride Security representatives each from the District of Columbia, Unsure/ All Some None Maryland, Virginia, and the federal government. Funding NA for WMATA comes from each of the governing bodies, On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ determined by a formula that considers population density, On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ average weekday ridership, and the number of stations per Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ jurisdiction. The 2013 National Transit Database reports Monitored cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ the service area is 950 square miles and the population is Recording cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated  ☐ ☐ ☐ 3.7 million people. entry, etc.  Region of Operation: South  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Over 50,000 Parking Spaces According to WMATA’s response to the H-52 scan, the transit agency owns all its park-and-ride facilities and does not enter into partnership agreements, either formally or Operating Context informally, to provide parking at stations. WMATA provides parking facilities at Metrorail stations. Stations further from downtown D.C. offer more parking WMATA permits other uses (e.g., private shuttle parking) and are heavily used. Metrobus routes also provide access in its lots. to Metrorail stations. Metro’s commuter buses complement the Metrorail system moving passengers between Beyond transit service, WMATA allows its facilities to be Maryland and Virginia suburbs and the District of used for special event parking, including NFL games at Columbia. The D.C. area has high-occupancy vehicle lanes stations near the stadium. on Interstates I-395, I-66, I-270, and the Dulles Toll Road. As a result of these facilities, casual carpool (also called Parking Charges as of January 2016 slugging) has become popular in the region. The transit agency charges for parking at all of its facilities. Parking fees are used to generate revenue and to Modes Operated manage demand at stations. Parking rates are set by  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) WMATA’s board of directors through a mandated public ☐ Trolley Bus (TB)  Heavy Rail (HR) engagement process. According to SH-15 documentation, ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) parking prices (in general) are set by the board to ensure ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) that the combined cost of daily parking and the appropriate transit fare does not exceed the cost of parking in ☐ Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) downtown D.C.; although in limited circumstances, the Excludes demand response modes. board has given transit agency staff flexibility to adjust parking fees (within limits adopted by board policy). Parking by Mode Annual parking revenue is approximately $45 million. Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 0 0 The typical daily rate for parking at WMATA’s stations is Rail 36 61,792 $5.00, with some as low as $3.50. There is no charge for parking lots on weekends and federal holidays. WMATA’s Ferry 0 0 system-wide parking occupancy rate is 94 percent, and Total 36 61,792 changes to parking pricing have had limited impact on Source: 2014 APTA Infrastructure Database utilization.

Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation Authority (WMATA) Washington, D.C.

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) transit agency also uses electronic signs on-site to provide WMATA uses standard operating procedures to manage real-time space availability information to customers. park-and-ride use, safety and security, direct asset management, and parking charges. WMATA also has TCRP H-52 References standard operating procedures for customer service.  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Contracted Parking Management Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition The transit agency does not contract with a private vendor  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan for park-and-ride management. WMATA operates and and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public manages park-and-ride in-house. Transportation  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair Supportive Parking Policies and Programs WMATA does not have SOPs for maintenance, but park- and-ride facilities are integrated into the transit agency’s Transit Agency References asset management plan.. The transit agency’s response to  Parking at Metrorail Stations: the H-52 scan stated that WMATA has a Parking Facility http://www.wmata.com/rail/parking Preventive Maintenance Program; however, this program  WMATA Momentum Strategic Plan 2013–2025: does not address routine facility maintenance requirements https://www.wmata.com/momentum/momentum-full.pdf to ensure optimal operational life. A preventive  Metro Real Estate: http://www.wmata.com/business/joint_development_opportunities/ maintenance program, estimated to cost $4.1 million, is currently not funded in WMATA’s budget.

Planning, Estimating and Managing Demand for Parking

According to the transit agency’s response to the H-52 scan, WMATA uses a customized in-house demand estimation model specific to the transit agency. WMATA also relies on the regional travel demand model, maintained by the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments.

Design Features WMATA has coordinated park-and-ride facility design and features to complement adjacent developments or neighborhoods.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) WMATA’s survey response indicated that the transit agency has engaged in joint development partnerships on transit agency-owned land, including implementing structured parking at stations to create additional space for transit oriented development. In general, WMATA requires replacement parking at a one-to-one ratio. There are currently plans in place to construct parking to replace existing parking as part of a station joint development/TOD project.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) The transit agency has not participated in a public-private partnerships associated specifically with park-and-ride facilities.

Innovation WMATA accepts parking payments using the system’s SmarTrip fare card, credit cards and debit cards. The Last Updated: February 2016

Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Authority (Sound Transit) Seattle, WA

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ Background Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ The Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Authority Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ (Sound Transit) plans and operates regional transit Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ connections in a three-county area that includes King, On-site station personnel  Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ Pierce, and Snohomish Counties in the state of Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ Washington. Sound Transit operates commuter rail, light Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ rail, and express bus services in the Puget Sound region. Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ Sound Transit is funded through a combination of 0.4 percent local sales and use tax, 0.3 percent motor vehicle Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ excise tax, and a rental car tax. The transit agency’s board All Some None of directors includes three county executives (from King, NA On-site – all-times ☐  ☐ ☐ Snohomish, and Pierce Counties), representatives from the On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ largest city in each county, and representatives from other Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ cities and unincorporated areas of each county. In 2014, Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Sound Transit carried over 33 million passenger trips on its Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ buses and trains— an increase of 9 percent when compared Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐  ☐ to 2013. entry, etc.

 Region of Operation: West Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Sound Transit owns a majority of its park-and-ride  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces facilities. Additionally, the transit agency has rental and lease agreements, as well as some handshake agreements, Operating Context with other public or private entities that provide additional Sound Transit sponsors three transit modes to make park-and-ride facilities. Less than 25 percent of Sound regional connections: Regional Express bus, Link light rail, Transit’s parking is provided by other entities. The transit and Sounder commuter rail. Sound Transit provides the agency allows its facilities to be used for special event planning, funding, and capital for regional connections and parking and as staging areas for community events. contracts out the majority of day-to-day operations. Local public transit agencies (King County Metro, Pierce Transit, Parking Charges as of January 2016 and Community Transit) operate Regional Express buses As of December 2015, Sound Transit does not charge for and Link light rail, while BNSF Railway operates Sounder parking at its facilities. In 2016, the transit agency plans to commuter rail service. evaluate providing parking permits for selected facilities.

Modes Operated Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) ☐ Motor Bus (MB)  Streetcar Rail (SR)* Sound Transit uses standard operating procedures to ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) manage park and ride use, facility maintenance, safety and  Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) security, and to direct asset management. The transit ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) agency’s asset management plan includes guidance for  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) park-and-ride facilities. * Launching in 2016

Excludes demand response modes. Contracted Parking Management Sound Transit does not contract with a private vendor for Parking by Mode park-and-ride management. Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 34 16,677 Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair Rail 11 6,626 According to the Sound Transit 2015 Financial Plan, the Ferry 0 0 Express Bus Capital Program includes park-and-ride lots, Total 45 23,303 transit centers, and vehicle maintenance. In addition, the Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database Washington State Department of Transportation and other public or private entities provide maintenance at the park- and-ride facilities these entities own/manage. The transit Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Authority (Sound Transit) Seattle, WA agency’s H-52 scan response did not provide information Innovation regarding the number of facilities that each partner entity In 2016, Sound Transit will initiate a pilot program to maintains. provide reserved spots to transit riders, including carpoolers. Fuel efficient, hybrid, and electric vehicle Planning, Estimating and Managing specific spaces and bicycle lockers are available at some Demand for Parking Sound Transit park-and-ride facilities. Sound Transit staff uses specific park-and-ride demand estimation models and methodologies to estimate demand TCRP H-52 References for these facilities. Additionally, the transit agency has a  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 formal process to plan for park-and-ride facilities. The  American Public Transit Association (APTA) transit agency’s technical planning staff uses the Station Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Access Model (developed from TCRP Report 153), and  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan two Seattle region-specific models (a travel demand model and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public and an in-house custom model) to inform the park-and-ride Transportation planning process.  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit Supportive Parking Policies and Programs The transit agency has some park-and-ride facilities that experience high-demand, and others that experience low levels of demand. Transit Agency References  2015–2020 Transit Development Plan (TDP), Sound Design Features Transit 2015 Sound Transit does not coordinate its park-and-ride facility  “Getting there together” Transit Integration Report. design with adjacent development or neighborhoods. Sound Transit, 2014: http://www.soundtransit.org/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/about/2 01409_rpt_transitintegrationreport.pdf Transit Oriented Development (TOD)  Sound Transit to Offer Reserved Parking Next year: Sound Transit has financially participated in at least one http://www.kirotv.com/news/news/sound-transit-offer-reserved- transit oriented development opportunity on or adjacent to parking-next-year/nnn5N/  Sound Transit Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) a park and ride facility. Sound Transit participates in TOD Policy, 2012: by assessing opportunities for development near the transit http://www.soundtransit.org/tod agency’s property/facilities (including park-and-rides) and  Sound Transit Webpage: on property no longer needed for a transit project. http://www.soundtransit.org/ Additionally, the transit agency works cooperatively with  First Hill Street Car: communities to facilitate TOD in areas around Sound http://www.soundtransit.org/Projects-and-Plans/First-Hill-Streetcar Transit facilities. Typically, Sound Transit focuses on land within one-half mile (a 10- to 15-minute walk) of a transit facility and along corridors that are considered key connections to the regional transit system.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Sound Transit has participated in a public private partnership (P3) associated with park-and-ride facilities.

Challenges

Sound Transit is challenged by limited facilities. According to the transit agency’s H-52 scan response, Sound Transit should enhance its parking management and increase enforcement so that the existing facilities are maximized to address the inherent challenge of managing a limited resource.

Non-transit users currently take up valuable parking space within Sound Transit’s facilities. Removing non-transit- parking use would reduce the challenge associated with limited facilities.

Last Updated: February 2016 Clark County Public Transportation Benefit Area Authority (C-TRAN) Vancouver, WA

Modes Operated  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR)  Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) Background ☐ Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) Clark County Public Transportation Benefit Area Authority (C-TRAN) operates in the Vancouver, WA, area Excludes demand response modes. (within the Portland, OR-WA urban area). C-TRAN provides public transportation throughout the Clark County Parking by Mode service area; express commuter service to locations within Stations/Lots Spaces Portland, Oregon; limited bus service with connections to Bus 5 1,985 the nearest TriMet light rail station; and three connector Rail 0 0 service areas within the city limits of Camas, La Center, Ferry 0 0 and Ridgefield. As of January 2016, C-TRAN has begun Total 5 1,985 construction on a bus rapid transit line that travels Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database, approximately 6 miles from downtown Vancouver east to stations/lots data from www.C-TRAN.com the Westfield Mall. Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities C-TRAN is governed by a board of directors comprised of Unsure/ All Some None nine elected officials representing local government within NA the C-TRAN service area and one non-voting member Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ representing labor. According to C-TRAN’s 2015–2016 Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ budget, a dedicated 0.7 percent sales and use tax provides Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ approximately 70 percent of the transit agency’s operating Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ revenue. Additional operating funds come from passenger On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ revenue and grants. Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐ ☐   Region of Operation: West Real-time info. ☐ ☐ ☐   Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Ticket machines ☐ ☐ ☐   Between 1,000 and 2,999 Parking Spaces In 2016, the transit agency’s Fisher’s Landing facility will be upgraded to include electric vehicle charging facilities. Operating Context Vancouver, WA, is directly north of Portland, OR, across Park-and-Ride Security the Columbia River. Portland is the major urban center and Unsure/ All Some None attracts a significant number of commuters and shoppers NA from Vancouver, its surrounding suburbs, and rural towns. On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ A recent housing boom in Vancouver, coupled with recent On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ increases in employment centers, has increased demand for Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ transit services within the C-TRAN service area, from Monitored cameras  Recording cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ Vancouver to the Portland region, and recently, from Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐ Portland to employment centers in Vancouver. Travel entry, etc. between the two regions is constrained by the Columbia River; two bridges, one on I-5 and one on I-205, link the Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities two regions. C-TRAN has a lease agreement with a church that allows C-TRAN follows a planning process for high capacity the transit agency to use 100 parking spaces for park-and- transportation systems, adopted by the Washington state ride service on weekdays. C-TRAN has not encouraged legislature. The transit agency’s 20-Year Transit informal ridesharing nor have they monitored such use; Development Plan includes two new park-and-ride although, the transit agency suspects it occurs at virtually facilities. Phase 1 (first 10 years) includes a new facility all park-and-ride locations. C-TRAN does not provide along I-205 with corresponding peak-direction service to access or parking for intercity private bus services (i.e., Portland, Oregon. Phase 2 (next 10 years) includes a new Bolt, Greyhound) because the transit agency’s facilities are facility along I-5 with corresponding peak-direction service already at capacity. However, C-TRAN does provide to Portland, Oregon. accommodations for intercity public transit services (rural transit connectors) including agencies originating in Cowlitz County, WA, and Skamania County, WA. Clark County Public Transportation Benefit Area Authority (C-TRAN) Vancouver, WA

Parking Charges as of January 2016 As of January 2016, this project is in the design phase and C-TRAN does not charge for parking. is tentatively scheduled to open in late 2016 or early 2017. The current park-and-ride facility at Fisher’s Landing operates at 90 percent capacity. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) C-TRAN uses standard operating procedures to manage C-TRAN is a full partner with TriMet in implementing a park-and-ride use, facility maintenance, safety and regional contactless fare payment system (called HOP), security, and to direct asset management. which will be launched in 2017.

Contracted Parking Management TCRP H-52 References The transit agency does not contract with a private vendor  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 for park-and-ride management.  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan According to transit agency documentation, planning and and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public funding for park-and-ride facilities is incorporated into the Transportation capital program, which does not address the state of good repair. C-TRAN is planning to develop an asset Transit Agency References management plan, but the plan is considered a work in  2015–2016 C-TRAN Budget: progress. http://www.c-tran.com/images/Reports/2015- 2016_Adopted_Biennial_Budget_with_bookmarks_for%20web.pdf Planning, Estimating and Managing  C-TRAN System Map including park-and-ride facilities: Demand for Parking http://www.c-tran.com/images/Maps/C- C-TRAN did not report information about the transit TRAN_System_Map_for_Web_Printable.pdf agency’s park-and-ride demand modeling efforts.  C-TRAN Park & Ride facilities: http://www.c-tran.com/about-c-tran/passenger-facilities Design Features  Washington State planning process for high capacity transportation systems: C-TRAN’s response to the H-52 scan stated that the transit http://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=81.104.100 agency has examples of design coordination with adjacent developments or neighborhoods but did not provide examples.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD)

C-TRAN has not participated in transit oriented development projects.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) C-TRAN has not participated in any public-private partnerships.

Challenges C-TRAN is a medium sized transit agency, so it has limited staff. Often, the transit agency relies on contracted consultants to plan and develop facilities, including park-and-rides. An additional challenge related to security and maintenance, C-TRAN struggles with vandalism, cleanliness, and security issues in public restrooms at two of the transit agency’s transit centers.

Innovation According to the Washington State department of transportation website, C-TRAN was awarded a state mobility grant in 2015. This grant (worth approximately $2.8 million) is dedicated to provide partial funding for the expansion of C-TRAN’s Fisher’s Landing Transit Center. Last Updated: February 2016 Intercity Transit Olympia, WA

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 3 760 Rail 0 0 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 3 760 Intercity Transit is a municipal corporation that provides Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database public transportation for people who live and work in Intercity Transit’s website provides information about the Olympia, Lacey, Tumwater, and Yelm, Washington; an three park-and-rides they own and operate directly and an area of approximately 94 square miles. They operate 24 additional seven facilities their routes connect to operated bus routes, a door-to-door service for people with by partner agencies. disabilities, a vanpool program, specialized van programs, and are active in community partnerships. In 2013, Intercity Transit provided about 5.4 million rides on fixed Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ route, paratransit, and vanpool services. Ridership has All Some None NA increased 5.8 percent in the past five years and 69 percent Covered waiting area  ☐ ☐ ☐ in the past ten years. Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐  Region of Operation: West Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Small Urban On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐  Between 300 and 999 Parking Spaces Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ Operating Context Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ Ticket machines ☐ ☐  ☐ Fixed-route bus service is available weekdays on 24 routes, slightly fewer on weekends. These routes serve the greater urban centers of Thurston County, provide express service Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ to Tacoma, and make connections to neighboring transit All Some None services. In 2013, Intercity Transit’s riders took 4.4 million NA On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ trips on fixed-route bus service and about 5.4 million trips On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ systemwide. About half the time, Intercity Transit provides Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ park-and-ride facilities directly; the other half of the time Monitored cameras ☐ ☐  ☐ the transit agency partners with the State of Washington Recording cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ and other public agencies in their region. The transit Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐  ☐ agency operates: entry, etc.

 A fleet of 102 buses (68 coaches, including 13 hybrids, Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities and 34 Dial-A-Lift vans); 245 vanpool vans Intercity Transit provides park-and-ride facilities directly  Five transit centers and Headquarter Facility and through partnerships with the State of Washington and  934 bus stops, 263 bus shelters, and 3 park-and-ride other public agencies in their region. lots  Bike racks and accessible features on all buses Parking Charges as of January 2016  All buses fueled by cleaner-burning biodiesel Intercity Transit offers free parking at all park-and-ride  Amtrak Centennial Station facilities.

Modes Operated Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Intercity Transit uses standard operating procedures to ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) manage park-and-ride use, facility maintenance, security, ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) direct asset management, and, as stipulated by the State of ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) Washington, use of park-and-ride facilities by private ☐ Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) transportation providers.

Excludes demand response modes. Contracted Parking Management Intercity Transit operates in-house.

Intercity Transit Olympia, WA

Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair Innovation Intercity Transit does not supply detailed information Intercity Transit’s riders can access real-time information about Intercity Transit’s maintenance and state-of-good- for transit service at all transit stops via a number of repair. mobile applications.

Planning, Estimating and Managing Unlike many small urban area transit provides, Intercity Transit actively encourages park-and-ride use by express Demand for Parking route riders and vanpool users in an effort to ensure Intercity Transit and consultant worked together to analyze facilities are highly utilized. The transit agency has had to existing and likely future traffic conditions in order to find ways to add additional surface spaces. choose a more specific location for a park-and-ride; provided a clear rationale and purpose; and laid TCRP H-52 References groundwork for pursuing funding. Facility plans are incorporated into the region’s planning documents.  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 Intercity Transit actively coordinates service and facility  American Public Transit Association (APTA) development with local jurisdiction plans for land use and Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition traffic.  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Intercity Transit used a combination of regional travel Transportation demand modeling and the Federal Transit Administration’s Simplified Trips-on-Project Software to evaluate park-and- Transit Agency References ride development alternatives.  Intercity Transit website: http://www.intercitytransit.com/Pages/default.aspx Design Features  Intercity Transit 2014 Factsheet: Park-and-ride facilities are accessible via walking, biking, http://www.intercitytransit.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/Fac and are well-lit. Intercity transit’s park-and-rides are not tSheetApril2014.pdf located adjacent residential neighborhoods.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Intercity Transit has not participated financially in a transit oriented development opportunity.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Intercity Transit has not participated in a public-private partnership associated with park-and-ride facilities.

Lessons Learned Intercity Transit found that it was useful to bring in a consultant firm to assist in planning for transit facilities, including park-and-ride. The planning process provided a basis for public participation. Intercity Transit has learned to expect to invest significant time and resources to environmental review and mitigation stages of facility development. In addition, the transit agency engages in archeological review and coordination with Tribal governments throughout the process.

Intercity Transit originally installed enclosed bike lockers at facilities but found that when not being used to store bikes, the lockers were used for unauthorized purposes. This created other issues. So the lockers were replaced over a period of time and sheltered bike racks are now used for storage. Last Updated: February 2016 King County Metro Transit Division (King County Metro) Seattle, WA

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ King County Metro is the public transit authority of King Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ County, Washington. The transit agency is a division of the On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ King County Department of Transportation and is the Concession, vending ☐  ☐ ☐ largest public transportation agency in the state, with a Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ service area 2,134 square miles and more than 2 million Real-time info.  Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ residents. Metro began operations in 1973. Metro reported 123 million unlinked passenger trips in 2013. Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/  Region of Operation: West All Some None  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban NA On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐  Between 25,000 and 49,999 Parking Spaces On-site – spec. hours ☐  ☐ ☐ Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ Operating Context Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ King County Metro’s park-and-ride facilities provide Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated access to all bus modes and Sound Transit’s Link light rail ☐  ☐ ☐ entry, etc. service. King County Metro operates local bus and trolley buses, bus rapid transit (RapidRide), street car (City of Seattle’s South Lake Union streetcar), and vanpool service. Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities The transit agency’s vanpool service has the largest King County Metro has partnerships with other publicly owned vanpool fleet in the country and vanpools municipalities, local, and regional public transit agencies, frequently operate from park-and-ride facilities. the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT), churches and nonprofit organizations, and other King County Metro also provides purchased bus service to private entities to provide shared use of park-and-ride Sound Transit for regional transit routes. facilities.

King County Metro is part of a regional transportation King County Metro coordinates with regional transit system in the Puget Sound region. Regional partners agencies Sound Transit, Community Transit, Everett include Sound Transit, Community Transit, Pierce Transit, Transit, Pierce Transit, Kitsap Transit, and the Washington Kitsap Transit, Everett Transit, and Washington State State Ferries. Ferries. Parking Charges as of January 2016 Modes Operated King County Metro does not charge for parking at its  Motor Bus (MB)  Streetcar Rail (SR) facilities.  Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)  Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) King County Metro uses standard operating procedures to ☐ Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) manage park-and-ride use, facility maintenance, and direct asset management. Park-and-ride safety and security Excludes demand response modes. policies are currently under development. Park-and-ride facilities are integrated into the transit agency’s asset Parking by Mode management plan. Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 130 25,489 Contracted Parking Management Rail 0 0 King County Metro does not contract with a private vendor Ferry 0 0 for park-and-ride management. Total 130 25,489 Source: King County Metro Transit Park-and-Ride Utilization 2014. 01/ 2015 Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair Many different transit agencies own and maintain the park-and-ride facilities used by King County Metro. According to King County Metro’s Service Guidelines King County Metro Transit Division (King County Metro) Seattle, WA report, the transit agency provides transit service to park- campus and subsequently have an increase demand for and-ride lots owned by King County, WSDOT, Sound park-and-ride. Transit, local cities, and private owners. Half of the facilities within the King County Metro service area are King County Metro is recognized as a leader in reducing publicly owned or operated under a long-term lease with a pollution with its use of hybrid buses, electric trolleybuses, private owner. The other half are leased lots where King and cleaner fuels. County Metro leases parking spaces from churches, public jurisdictions, or shared private parking lots. TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 Planning, Estimating and Managing  Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition Demand for Parking  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan King County Metro’s response to the H-52 scan said the and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public transit agency has a formal process to plan park-and-ride Transportation facilities but did not provide further details. Some park-  TCRP Project J-07, Synthesis Topic SH-15: Transit and-ride facilities experience demand in excess of capacity, Supportive Parking Policies and Programs and others report low demand (i.e., the percentage of utilization is below 50 percent on a regular basis). Transit Agency References  2014 Strategic Plan Progress Report. Transit Design Features Development Plan (TDP) The transit agency coordinates the design of park-and-ride  King County Metro Transit Park-and-Ride Utilization facilities with adjacent developments or neighborhoods. 2014.  Service Guidelines Resource Notebook, 2015: Transit Oriented Development (TOD) http://metro.kingcounty.gov/advisory-groups/service- King County Metro has financially participated in a transit guidelines-task-force/pdf/notebook/10-notebook-metro- oriented development opportunity on or adjacent to a park- background.pdf and-ride facility. King County Metro’s transit oriented  Transit agency webpage: development program includes resident parking and park- http://metro.kingcounty.gov/ and-ride facilities.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s)

King County Metro has participated in public-private partnerships to develop property on or adjacent to a park- and-ride facility. Specifically, King County Metro has partnerships with 13 public and private partners.

Challenges According to King County Metro’s strategic plan and the transit agency’s response to the H-52 scan, many park-and- ride facilities are currently reaching capacity. Improving park-and-ride capacity and utilization is one of the top priorities (goals) for the transit agency in the near future. Additionally, King County Metro struggles to monitor park-and-ride facilities in order to enforce appropriate use. Finally, maintenance of facilities during and after non-transit events is challenging.

Innovation

King County Metro promotes initiatives through social media communication. Using social media channels allows

King County Metro to announce any sudden changes in the system including park-and-ride issues to a broad audience.

The U-Pass Program provides the University of Washington staff, faculty, and students a reduced fare transit pass. This initiative successfully motivated the student, faculty, and staff to reduce the number of cars on Last Updated: February 2016 Kitsap Transit Bremerton, WA

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 0 2,443 Rail 0 0 Ferry 0 74 Background Total 0 2,517 Kitsap Transit is the public transit operator for the Kitsap Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database County area, located west of Seattle. A public vote in 1982 established the transit agency as a Public Transportation Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ Benefit Area Authority. A 10-member board of All Some None commissioners governs the transit agency. This board is NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ comprised of county-level elected officials and elected Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ officials that represent various municipalities within the Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Kitsap Transit service area. Kitsap Transit’s 2014 revenue Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ was $38,715,000. Nearly 76 percent of the transit agency’s On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ total revenue was from a 0.8 percent sales tax. Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ Approximately 17 percent of the revenue was from Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ passenger fares. The rest of Kitsap Transit’s revenue is Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ generated from operating grants, parking fees, and other Ticket machines ☐ ☐  ☐ miscellaneous income streams. Bremerton, the largest city in the Kitsap Transit service area, had a population of Park-and-Ride Security 198,979 as of the 2010 U.S. Census. The Kitsap Transit Unsure/ All Some None service area is 396 square miles and a total population of NA about 250,000. On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐  Region of Operation: West Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Small Urban Monitored cameras ☐ ☐  ☐  Between 1,000 and 2,999 Parking Spaces Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated ☐ ☐  ☐ entry, etc. Operating Context Kitsap Transit operates buses, ferries, paratransit, and Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities vanpools in the Kitsap County area. The transit agency The transit agency partners with several public and private provides nearly 4 million unlinked passenger trips per year, entities to provide park-and-ride facilities. Kitsap works with bus service accounting for approximately 76 percent with churches, state agencies, and tribal governments to of the total trips. Ferry service provides approximately provide approximately 51 percent to 75 percent of park- 10 percent of the transit agency’s total annual trips with and-ride facilities. service to Annapolis and Port Orchard. Paratransit and vanpools account for the transit agency’s remaining unlinked passenger trips. Ferry service provides access for Parking Charges as of January 2016 pedestrians, cyclists, and vehicles to Bainbridge Island and According to Kitsap Transit’s Park & Ride FAQs other coastal destinations. On Bainbridge Island, Kitsap webpage, the transit agency charges $5 per day at the Transit operates bus service. Annapolis Ferry Dock. Riders can park at all other park-and-ride facilities for free. Modes Operated  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Kitsap Transit only has standard operating procedures ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) (SOPs) to manage facility maintenance. ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB)  Ferry (FB) ☐ Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) Contracted Parking Management Kitsap Transit does not contract with a vendor for park- Excludes demand response modes. and-ride facility management.

Kitsap Transit Bremerton, WA

Planning, Estimating and Managing Demand for Parking Kitsap Transit’s response to the H-52 scan did not provide any information regarding planning and demand estimation. According to the transit agency’s website, the transit agency uses optional parking lots for overflow parking.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Kitsap Transit is not involved in any transit oriented development projects, as of December 2015.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Kitsap Transit has participated in public-private partnerships; however, the transit agency’s response to the H-52 scan did not include specific examples.

Innovation According to Kitsap Transit’s Transit Development Plan 2015–2020, the transit agency plans to test porous pavements for constructing new park-and-ride lots. This type of pavement material allows for greater absorption and prevents rainwater runoff. Reduced runoff from parking lots minimizes soil erosion and helps to curtail the transfer of harmful chemicals into local water supplies. Other updates, such as efficient lighting in park-and-ride facilities and the purchase of clean-air buses are included in the transit agency’s efforts for innovative environmental strategies.

TCRP H-52 References  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013  American Public Transit Association (APTA) Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation

Transit Agency References  Kitsap Transit Planning Webpage: http://www.kitsaptransit.com/agency-information/planning  Transit Development Plan 2015–2020: http://www.kitsaptransit.com/uploads/pdf/2015-2020-tdp-plan.pdf

Last Updated: February 2016 Pierce County Public Transportation Benefit Area Corporation (Pierce Transit) Tacoma, WA

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐  ☐ ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ Pierce County Public Transportation Benefit Area On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ Corporation was established in 1979 and operates as Pierce Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ Transit. The transit service area includes 292 square miles Elec. veh. charging ☐ ☐  ☐ of Pierce County with a population of about 560,000 as of Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ 2013. The authority is part of the Puget Sound region, Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ which includes the Seattle urbanized area with a 2010 population of 3.1 million residents. Pierce Transit is funded Park-and-Ride Security through a combination of sales tax revenues (0.6 percent), Unsure/ All Some None fares, and grants. A 10-member board of commissioners NA governs the transit agency. The board structure includes 13 On-site – all-times ☐  ☐ ☐ elected officials (representing 13 political subdivisions of On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ Pierce County), and one non-voting labor representative. In Roaming security ☐  ☐ ☐ 2013, Pierce Transit reported 11.7 unlinked passenger trips Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ to the National Transit Database. Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐ entry, etc.  Region of Operation: West  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities According to the Pierce Transit 2015–2020 Transit Operating Context Development Plan (TDP), the transit agency’s fixed route bus service provides service to 18 of the 20 park-and-ride lots in Pierce County and two in King County. Pierce Pierce Transit services include local bus, SHUTTLE Transit owns five of these park-and-ride lots. The paratransit, and rideshare. Rideshare services include Washington Department of Transportation, the City of vanpools, carpools, Park & Ride lots, plus workplace Tacoma, and other public or private entities own the transportation programs for more than 161 employers. remaining park-and-ride facilities. Pierce Transit also provides purchased bus service to Sound Transit for 12 regional transit routes. The transit agency allows its facilities to be used for special event parking and as staging areas for community Pierce Transit is part of a regional transportation system in events. the Puget Sound region. Regional partners include Sound Transit, King County Metro, Intercity Transit (Olympia), as of January 2016 Community Transit, Kitsap Transit, Everett Transit, and Parking Charges Washington State Ferries. Pierce Transit charges for bicycle parking at its facilities. According to the transit agency’s website, bicycle lockers are available for a $50 deposit and $10 per month rental Modes Operated fee.  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) ☐ Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) Pierce Transit uses standard operating procedures to ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) manage park and ride use, facility maintenance, security, ☐ Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP) and asset management. Park-and-ride facilities are integrated into the transit agency’s asset management plan. Excludes demand response modes.

Parking by Mode Contracted Parking Management Pierce Transit does not contract with any private vendor Stations/Lots Spaces for park-and-ride management. Bus 30 6,584 Rail 0 0 Ferry 0 0 Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair Total 30 6,585 Pierce Transit, the Washington State Department of Source: APTA 2014 Infrastructure Database Transportation (WSDOT), the City of Tacoma, and other Pierce County Public Transportation Benefit Area Corporation (Pierce Transit) Tacoma, WA public or private entities maintain the park-and-ride TCRP H-52 References facilities. The transit agency’s response to the H-52 scan  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 did not provide information regarding the number of  American Public Transit Association (APTA) facilities maintained by each entity. Infrastructure Database – 2014 Edition  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan Planning, Estimating and Managing and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Demand for Parking Transportation Pierce Transit has a formal process to plan for park-and- ride facilities; however, no specific park-and-ride demand Transit Agency References estimation model or methodology is used by Pierce  Pierce Transit 2015–2020 Transit Development Plan Transit. There are some park-and-ride facilities (TDP) experiencing demand that exceeds the number of parking  Pierce Transit: spaces available and also facilities with low demand http://www.piercetransit.org/ (below 50 percent of capacity on a regular basis).  About Pierce Transit: http://www.piercetransit.org/about-pierce-transit/ Design Features As a member of the Pierce County Coordinated Transportation Coalition, the transit agency is in continuous operational and planning coordination concerning park-and-ride facilities with local communities, Pierce County, King County Metro, Sound Transit, Puget Sound Regional Council Metropolitan Planning Organization, WSDOT, and Intercity Transit.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Pierce Transit included a TOD feasibility study in its current TDP; however, the transit agency has not financially participated in a transit oriented development opportunity on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility. Pierce County’s TOD feasibility study will examine the possibility of transitioning two transit centers (with park- and-ride lots) owned by Pierce Transit into mixed-use development in the Tacoma Dome District.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) The transit agency has not participated in a public-private partnership associated with park-and-ride facilities.

Challenges According to Pierce Transit’s TDP, the transit agency does not have enough revenue to fund service at current levels. To address this challenge, Pierce Transit is proposing a project (still unfunded) to re-evaluate their entire system service frequency and highlight potential improvements.

Pierce Transit is undertaking initiatives with emphasis in the following areas: achieve operational excellence and financial stability, provide tailored community solutions, improve public perception, and allocate service hours to higher-efficiency routes and developing markets.

Last Updated: February 2016 Snohomish County Public Transportation (Community Transit) Everett, WA

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 22 7,355 Rail 0 0 Ferry 0 0 Background Total 22 7,355 Community Transit is a special-purpose, municipal Source: Community Transit Official Website 03/15 corporation providing public transportation services to Snohomish County (except the City of Everett). The transit Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities agency began service in October 1976. As reported in the Unsure/ All Some None 2013 National Transit Database, Community Transit NA provides service in a 260 square mile service area with a Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ population of 700,000 people in the Seattle metropolitan Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ region. Community Transit’s board of directors consists of Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ 10 members that represent the County of Snohomish, Restroom, permanent  On-site station personnel ☐  ☐ ☐ various cities within the transit agency’s service area, and Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ labor. A majority of the transit agency’s funding comes Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ from a 0.9 percent sales tax collected in the Community Real-time info. ☐  ☐ ☐ Transit service area. In November 2015, voters approved a Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ sales tax increase (an additional 0.3 percent) to fund expanded service and new routes. Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ Sales tax revenue typically accounts for 65 to 70 percent of All Some None NA total revenues. Fare revenue accounts for 20 to 25 percent On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ of Community Transit revenues. Grants, advertising On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ revenue, and interest income comprise the remaining Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ funding. Monitored cameras ☐ ☐  ☐ Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐  Region of Operation: West Physical – fences, gated ☐  ☐ ☐  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban entry, etc.  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities Operating Context Many of the park and ride facilities served by Community The transit agency operates fixed routes for local routes, Transit are owned by other state, regional or local bus rapid transit (Swift) and vanpool. Community Transit agencies: Washington State Department of Transportation, also provides purchased commuter bus service to Sound Sound Transit, Everett Transit, and lots operated by private Transit for regional transit routes. entities. Additionally, the transit agency provides park-and-ride service at shared use parking lots (e.g., Community Transit park-and-ride facilities serve transit Smokey Point Mall Association retail center). riders, carpoolers, vanpoolers, and other authorized individuals. Twenty park-and-ride facilities include lockers Parking Charges as of January 2016 for bicycle commuters. Community Transit does not charge for parking at any of its facilities. Community Transit is part of a regional transportation system in the Puget Sound region. Regional partners include Sound Transit, King County Metro, Pierce Transit, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Kitsap Transit, Everett Transit, and Washington State The transit agency uses standard operating procedures to Ferries. manage park and ride use, facility maintenance, security, and direct asset management. Park-and-ride facilities are Modes Operated integrated into the transit agency’s asset management plan. ☐  Motor Bus (MB) Streetcar Rail (SR) Contracted Parking Management ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) Community Transit does not contract with any private  Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR) vendor for park and ride management.  Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB) ☐ Light Rail (LR)  Vanpool (VP)

Excludes demand response modes. Snohomish County Public Transportation (Community Transit) Everett, WA

Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair TCRP H-52 References Despite the fact that many park-and-ride facilities served  National Transit Database (NTD), 2013 by Community Transit owned by other entities, the transit  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan agency is in charge of maintenance for all park-and-ride and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public facilities except two that are maintained by Sound Transit Transportation and Everett Transit. Transit Agency References Planning, Estimating and Managing  2015–2020 Transit Development Plan (TDP), May Demand for Parking 2015 Community Transit regularly measures park-and-ride  Long Range Transit Plan. Appendix V. Transit Centers facility utilization. However, the transit agency does not and Park & Rides. Community transit, July, 2010 use a specific park-and-ride demand estimation model or  2015 Sales Tax Election Results: methodology. http://www.kirotv.com/2015GeneralElection/  Transit Agency Webpage Name: Community Transit: Design Features http://www.commtrans.org/  Agency profile for park-and-ride inventory The transit agency’s response to the H-52 scan explained http://www.commtrans.org/about/agencyprofile that Community Transit coordinates the design of park-and-ride facilities in an effort to complement the design of adjacent development or neighborhoods.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD)

Community Transit’s response to the H-52 scan stated that the transit agency participates in a TOD at one of the transit agency’s facilities; however, the response did not specify if the TOD includes park-and-ride facilities.

Community Transit coordinates with local jurisdictions on the designation of TOD overlay zones around transit facilities. Additionally, Community Transit has a coordinated long-range transit plan for matching high levels of development density with frequent transit service on Transit Emphasis Corridors.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) Community Transit’s response to the H-52 scan stated that the transit agency has not participated in a public-private partnership.

Challenges Community Transit’s response to the H-52 scan stated that the transit agency and transportation planners in the region are exploring alternatives for managing demand through various types of access management.

Innovation Community Transit promotes an employee incentive program called Smart Commuter Rewards. This program helps large businesses motivate employees to reduce their drive-alone trips and vehicle miles traveled. The Curb Congestion program is a partnership between Community Transit and Snohomish County to reduce traffic and encourage healthy travel options on congested roadways.

Last Updated: February 2016 Calgary Transit (CT) Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ All Some None NA Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Enclosed waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ Background Restroom, permanent ☐  ☐ ☐ Calgary Transit (CT) has been providing transit service in On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ Calgary, Alberta, Canada since 1909. In 1972, CT joined Concession, vending ☐ ☐  ☐ the transportation department at the City of Calgary. In Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ 2014, CT provided transit services to 110 million Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ commuters on 155 bus routes and 45 light rail stations in a Ticket machines ☐ ☐  ☐ 556-square mile service area. Park-and-ride facilities for light rail are located at light rail CT operates as a business unit within the City of Calgary stations. CT provides many of the available passenger Transportation Department. Fare revenue and property amenities within the station. All park-and-ride facilities taxes (49 and 47 percent, respectively) are the primary have sidewalk access, bicycle access, bicycle parking, sources of operating revenues. The remaining 4 percent is safety features to assist crossing streets, lighting, and kiss- made-up of revenue from advertising, parking, and fines. and-ride drop-off areas. Some facilities have car sharing The Province of Alberta is a main source of capital funds; services, lockers or enclosed parking for bicycles, and other sources include the federal government, the City of parking for transit riders to access the intercity bus. Calgary, and developers. The Calgary City Council approves CT’s operating and capital budgets. Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ All Some None  Region of Operation: Canada NA  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐  Between 12,000 and 24,999 Parking Spaces On-site – spec. hours  Roaming security  ☐ ☐ ☐ Monitored cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Operating Context Recording cameras ☐  ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated Park-and-ride lots provide access primarily to bus and light ☐  ☐ ☐ rail service. All park-and-ride facilities have overnight entry, etc. parking, but not long-term parking. There are different use policies for park-and-ride facilities on weekends. CT Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities allows special event parking and non-transit events at its CT owns and operates 28 of the 45 park-and-ride facilities. park-and-ride facilities. The transit agency also provides transit services from five facilities owned by other entities (such as churches, non- Modes Operated profits, private entities, and the Calgary Zoo). The parking  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) lot owners initiate the arrangement for CT to use these ☐ Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) additional parking facilities. Entities other than CT provide less than 25 percent of park-and-ride facilities.  Commuter Bus (CB) ☐ Commuter Rail (CR)  Bus Rapid Transit (RB) ☐ Ferry (FB)  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP) Parking Charges as of January 2016 CT offers free parking at most park-and-ride facilities that Excludes demand response modes. are located at light rail stations and several at main bus terminals. CT also allows customers to reserve parking Parking by Mode spots at some park-and-ride facilities at a cost of $85 per Stations/Lots Spaces month. CT collects parking charges via a mobile-based Bus NA 2,474 payment system. Rail 45 13,726 Ferry 0 0 The transit agency has analyzed the impact of parking fees Total 45 16,200 (implementation and pricing changes) on parking demand Source: Calgary Transit when transit fares for services from a park-and-ride kept NA: Information not available the same. The transit agency did not provide the results of this analysis. Calgary Transit (CT) Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Challenges CT uses SOPs for management, facility maintenance, CT is currently working to transition a park-and-ride safety and security, park-and-ride lots, asset management, facility into a TOD. This project/concept is challenging and parking charges. The transit agency’s asset because of the need to reduce the amount of parking management SOP does not include park-and-ride facilities. currently provided and to decide whether to shift from As of December 2015, CT is developing a new policy to surface to structured parking. address how parking is provided and managed. Lessons Learned Contracted Parking Management Originally, CT did not charge for parking at its CT does not contract with a private vendor for park-and-ride facilities. However, the transit agency park-and-ride management. determined that park-and-ride is a premium service in high demand, and service attributes should be priced Maintenance and State-of-Good-Repair accordingly. CT has SOPs for asset management. The transit agency did not provide details about these documents. Innovation Commuters reserve space at a park-and-ride facility using Planning, Estimating and Managing an online reservation and payment system. CT enforces Demand for Parking parking regulations using random mobile patrol, license plate recognition, and matching technology. CT has a formal process to plan for park-and-ride facilities, and uses an in-house demand model to estimate demand CT is committed to environmental preservation. CT for these facilities. The original model (developed in 1986) recycles all paper products left at park-and-ride facilities. assumed that CT would provide parking for 15–20 percent CT recycles water for non-potable purposes, and collects of transit trips generated within the light rail service area. rainwater for landscaping and irrigation at CT transit As of December 2015, according to CT’s response to the facilities. H-52 scan, the transit agency serves approximately 8 percent of light rail users. TCRP H-52 References CT regularly measures park-and-ride facility utilization,  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and has one or more facilities with excess demand over and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public supply of parking on a regular basis. The transit agency Transportation manages excess demand by charging for parking at park- and-ride facilities, using security to prevent street parking, Transit Agency References and making 50 percent of all parking at light rail station  Calgary Transit http://www.calgarytransit.com/ available for reservation (for a monthly fee). There is high  Park and Ride in Calgary – Review of Parking demand for reserved spaces at end-of-the-line stations. The Management Options, January 2011: transit agency website indicates there are four park-and- http://www.calgarytransit.com/sites/default/files/reports ride facilities with lower demand (less than capacity at the /park-and-ride-in-calgary-review-of-parking- park-and-ride facility). management-options.pdf  Calgary Transit Funding and Fare Strategy Review, Design Features February 2014: CT has not coordinated park-and-ride facility design https://www.calgarytransit.com/sites/default/files/conte features to complement adjacent developments or nt/PDF/transit-fare-strategy-review-final-report-feb- neighborhoods. 2014.pdf  Route Ahead: A Strategic Plan for Transit in Calgary, Transit Oriented Development (TOD) 2013: CT is currently working with another city department to https://www.calgarytransit.com/sites/default/files/conte transition a large park-and-ride facility into a TOD; nt/PDF/2013-0118strategyaheadweb2.pdf however, CT has not financially participated in a TOD on  Calgary Regional Partnership: or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility. The transit agency http://calgaryregion.ca/crp/calgary-regional- has identified opportunities for potential TOD at four park- partnership/about/overview.html and-ride facilities with low demand.  Calgary Transit Vehicle Idling Reduction Policy: https://www.calgarytransit.com/vehicle-idling- Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) reduction-policy Last Updated: February 2016 CT has not participated in a P3 to develop property on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility. South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority (TransLink) Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Parking by Mode Stations/Lots Spaces Bus 98 6,836 Rail 41 3,860 Ferry 2 0 Total 141 10,696 Background Source: TransLink Created in 1999, the South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority (TransLink) plans and manages Park-and-Ride Passenger Amenities Unsure/ the Vancouver region’s transportation system. TransLink All Some None NA delivers transit services through operating companies and Covered waiting area ☐  ☐ ☐ subsidiaries. TransLink Corporate is responsible for Enclosed waiting area ☐ ☐  ☐ organizational oversight, transportation and financial plans, Restroom, temporary ☐ ☐  ☐ capital project approvals, marketing, public affairs, and Restroom, permanent ☐ ☐  ☐ government relationships. TransLink is also responsible for On-site station personnel ☐ ☐  ☐ the Major Road Network (MRN) and regional cycling. The Concession, vending ☐ ☐ ☐  transit agency’s service area covers 1,118 square miles and Elec. veh. charging ☐  ☐ ☐ includes 215 bus routes. The transit agency operates 1,500 Real-time info. ☐ ☐  ☐ buses, three passenger-only ferries, 40 miles of commuter Ticket machines ☐  ☐ ☐ rail serving eight stations, 40 miles of light rail, and 1,430 lane miles on the MRN. Park-and-Ride Security Unsure/ All Some None The Mayors’ Council on Regional Transportation and NA TransLink’s board of directors governs TransLink. The On-site – all-times ☐ ☐  ☐ Mayors’ Council is composed of the 21 mayors in the On-site – spec. hours ☐ ☐  ☐ Vancouver region, the Chief of the Tsawwassen First Roaming security ☐ ☐ ☐  Nation, and the elected representative from Electoral Area Monitored cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ “A.” The board of directors is composed of nine members Recording cameras  ☐ ☐ ☐ Physical – fences, gated appointed by the Mayors’ Council, the Mayors’ Council ☐  ☐ ☐ Chair and Vice-Chair, and up to two members appointed entry, etc. by the Province. TransLink in funded by a tax on motor fuels, transit fares, parking taxes, and a portion of property Shared Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities taxes collected from the 21 municipalities in the region. TransLink delivers transit services through operating companies and subsidiaries – Coast Mountain Bus  Region of Operation: Canada Company (bus, ferry), British Columbia Rapid Transit  Operating Environment: Very Large Urban Company (rail), InTransit BC (rail), and West Coast  Between 3,000 and 11,999 Parking Spaces Express (rail and TrainBus). TransLink also works with Metro Vancouver (similar to a metropolitan planning Operating Context organization), municipalities, and other stakeholders in the coordination and integration of land use and transportation. TransLink encompasses a broad range of transit modes, TransLink does not operate park-and-ride facilities other including bus, ferry, commuter rail, and light rail. than those provided by subsidiary entities. TransLink significantly modified at least one park-and-ride facility in the last five years by adding surface parking spaces. TransLink does not allow overnight or long-term Parking Charges as of January 2016 parking at any park-and-right facilities. TransLink does not TransLink charges for parking at park-and-ride facilities. permit park-and-ride facilities to be used for special event Parking charges are collected through an on-site parking or to be used as the site for non-transit special technology. According to the transit agency’s website, events. parking fees range from free to $3 depending on the location. Modes Operated  Motor Bus (MB) ☐ Streetcar Rail (SR) Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)  Trolley Bus (TB) ☐ Heavy Rail (HR) The transit agency uses standard operating procedures ☐ Commuter Bus (CB)  Commuter Rail (CR) (SOPs) for management, facility maintenance, asset ☐ Bus Rapid Transit (RB)  Ferry (FB) management, and parking charges. Park-and-ride is included in the transit agency’s asset management SOP.  Light Rail (LR) ☐ Vanpool (VP)

Excludes demand response modes. South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority (TransLink) Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Contracted Parking Management TCRP H-52 References TransLink does not contract with a private vendor to  TCRP Project H-52: Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan manage park-and-ride facilities. and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation Planning, Estimating and Managing Demand for Parking Transit Agency References The transit agency has a formal process to plan for park-  TransLink: http://www.translink.ca/ and-ride facilities; however, TransLink does not use a  TransLink Annual Report 2014: specified demand estimation model to estimate demand for https://view.publitas.com/translink/2014-annual-report/page/1 park-and-ride facilities. TransLink has one or more park-  TransLink TOC Design Guidelines: and-ride facility with low demand. The transit agency tries http://www.translink.ca/- /media/Documents/plans_and_projects/transit_oriented_communities to manage low-demand for parking by offering /Transit_Oriented_Communities_Design_Guidelines.pdf limited-time-parking discounts.  Transit Passenger Facility Design Guidelines: http://www.translink.ca/- TransLink does not use any technologies for managing /media/Documents/plans_and_projects/transit_oriented_communities park-and-ride facilities. /Transit_Oriented_Communities_Design_Guidelines.pdf  TransLink Park and Ride: http://www.translink.ca/en/Getting-Around/Driving/Park-and- Design Features Ride.aspx The transit agency has coordinated park-and-ride design features to complement adjacent developments or neighborhoods. The transit agency did not provide details about this coordinated effort.

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) The transit agency focuses on creating transit-oriented communities (TOC), rather than transit-oriented developments. TransLink developed the Frequent Transit Network to identify areas where TOC and TOD are viable. Transit is provided every 15 minutes in both directions, throughout the day and evening in this network of corridors. TransLink has developed TOC design guidelines for regional partners to use when developing TOCs.

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) TransLink has financially participated in at least one public-private partnership to develop property on or adjacent to a park-and-ride facility. The transit agency did not provide details about this partnership.

Lessons Learned According to the TransLink 2014 Annual Report, the transit agency is improving how it prevents, prepares for, and responds to service disruptions. Two major service disruptions on TransLink's SkyTrain prompted an independent review of the system and resulted in 20 recommendations for improvement.

Innovation

TransLink has an on-going data collection and analysis program to monitor and report the use and performance on the system. This includes extensive performance measurement, peer transit agency comparison, ridership, service hours by mode, fuel consumption, and population growth.

Last Updated: February 2016