Jesuit Historiography Online The Historiography of the Jesuits in China (10,456 words) Paul Rule
[email protected] Article Table of Contents Last modified: December 2016 Official Histories The main challenge in writing a survey of the China Mission Precursors historiography of the Jesuits in China is to determine The Ming Period (1581–1644) what is most important in such a veritable flood of The Qing–to the publications over four and a half centuries. During such a Suppression long period of time also notions of history and history The Restored Society of writing have undergone changes of fashion and method Jesus in China and the scene of the action—China—has changed dramatically. The Jesuits accompanied the first early modern incursions of Europeans into China in the late Ming and one of its founding fathers, St. Francis Xavier, died attempting to enter China in 1552. They established themselves firmly in China after many attempts firstly in Macao in the 1560s and then in Guangdong in 1582. From 1601, they had a house in Beijing. They survived the dynastic transition to the Manchu (Qing) and flourished in the mid Qing period only to fall from favor with both Rome and the Qing emperors over the Chinese Rites Controversy in the early eighteenth century. In the mid-nineteenth century, the Jesuits returned to a fast changing China and contributed to those changes through their educational activities and significantly through separate “national” Jesuit missions rather than an international common “Jesuit” one. After the 1911 revolution, the now highly institutionalized Jesuit enterprise was challenged and eventually destroyed by first the nationalist revolution then the Communist one.