Number 1 Summer 2014 ISSN 2372-9899 OCCASIONAL PAPERS Official Publication of the Midwest Archaeological Conference, Inc. MIDWEST ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE, INC. OCCASIONAL PAPERS Number 1 Summer 2014 CONTENTS Reassessing the Timing, Rate, and Adoption Trajectories of Domesticate Use in the Midwest and Great Lakes Edited by Maria E. Raviele and William A. Lovis Introduction to the First Midwest Archaeological Conference, Inc., Sponsored Symposium: Reassessing the Timing, Rate, and Adoption Trajectories of Domesticate Use in the Midwest and Great Lakes Maria E. Raviele and William A. Lovis 1 Wild Rice (Zizania spp.), the Three Sisters, and the Woodland Tradition in Western and Central Canada Matthew Boyd, Clarence Surette, Andrew Lints, and Scott Hamilton 7 The Age and Distribution of Domesticated Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Eastern North America: Implications for Agricultural Practices and Group Interactions G. William Monaghan, Timothy M. Schilling, and Kathryn E. Parker 33 Ethnicity as Evidenced in Subsistence Patterns of Late Prehistoric Upper Great Lakes Populations Kathryn C. Egan-Bruhy 53 Crop Selection: Perspectives from the Lower Missouri River Basin Patti J. Wright and Christopher A. Shaffer 73 Reevaluating the Introduction of Maize into the American Bottom and Western Illinois Mary L. Simon 97 Food Production and Niche Construction in Pre-Contact Southern Ontario Gary W. Crawford 135 A Critical Assessment of Current Approaches to Investigations of the Timing, Rate, and Adoption Trajectories of Domesticates in the Midwest and Great Lakes John P. Hart 161 OCCASIONAL PAPERS Editor text should be made within parentheses and include the surname of Thomas E. Emerson, Illinois State Archaeological Survey, USA the author (unless the author already appears within the same para- graph), the publication date of the work and, where necessary, the Assistant Editor page reference. Contributions should be followed by an alphabetical Sarah Boyer, Illinois State Archaeological Survey, USA list of Literature Cited, comprising only those sources actually cited in the text. Book Reviews Editor Kenneth B. Farnsworth, Illinois State Archaeological Survey, USA Society Membership Individuals who wish to subscribe can join the Midwest Archaeo- Editorial Board logical Conference and receive access to the online-only Occasional Susan M. Alt (Indiana University, USA) Papers series as part of their annual membership. Visit http://www. Jane E. Baxter (DePaul University, USA) midwestarchaeology.org/ for details. Robert A. Cook (Ohio State University at Newark, USA) John F. Doershuk (University of Iowa, USA) First Midwest Archaeological Conference Inc.’s Occasional Papers Christopher J. Ellis (University of Western Ontario, Canada) (ISSN 2372-9899) is published by Midwest Archaeological Confer- Duane Esarey (University of Illinois, USA) ence, Inc. Each volume contains material from sponsored sympo- Robert J. Jeske (University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, USA) siums at past annual meetings on timely spatial or temporal issues T. R. Kidder (Washington University in St Louis, USA) that form special edited volumes of Occasional Papers. Neal H. Lopinot (Missouri State University, USA) Robert C. Mainfort (University of Arkansas, USA) Copyright © Midwest Archaeological Conference Inc. 2014. All rights George R. Milner (Pennsylvania State University, USA) reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a Michael Nassaney (Western Michigan University, USA) retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without Timothy R. Pauketat (University of Illinois, USA) the written permission of the copyright holder. Requests for such Mark R. Schurr (University of Notre Dame, USA) permissions must be addressed to the MCJA Editor or Assistant Editor. For more information, visit http://www.midwestarchaeology. Aims and scope org/home. The Midwest Archaeological Conference Sponsored Symposium held at MAC, Inc. annual meetings is a forum for presentation of Disclaimer problem-oriented current thinking on key midwestern archaeo- Responsibility for opinions and statements contained in the arti- logical issues. The publication of such symposium proceedings cles, notes, correspondence, reviews, and discussion is that of the in the Occasional Papers series serves to articulate how innovative authors, and not of the editors, Midwest Archaeological Conference. breakthroughs and cumulative evidence may question previous interpretations and lead to a new understanding of the midwestern Online Publication archaeological record. The full text of this series is available via our online platform at http://www.midwestarchaeology.org/home. Access to the online Style version is available to current MAC members only. Occasional Papers generally follows the conventions of American Antiquity. For more specific information visit: http://www.saa.org/ Cover Image Portals/0/SAA/Publications/StyleGuide/StyleGuide_Final_813.pdf. Courtesy of the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site. The Author-Date System should be used for referencing in order to minimize the number of footnotes or endnotes. References in the midwest archaeological conference inc. occasional papers No. 1, 2014, iii–iv The Occasional Papers Series Dr. Thomas E. Emerson MCJA Editor, Illinois State Archaeological Survey, USA For the first fifteen years (1976–1992) of its existence the MAC, Inc. published a Special Paper series. The content of these numbered volumes varied from the treat- ment of a single site to regional and topical reviews and they appeared at intervals ranging from multiple numbers in a single year to several years intervals between numbers. The series ceased in 1992. Despite the cessation of the Special Papers series, interest by the membership and the MAC Board and editors in promoting the publication of thematic research collections, often as single issues of the Conference’s journal, the MCJA, contin- ued. Such single-issue collections were usually generated by scholars from papers presented at the MAC annual meeting or around a timely research event. Recent examples included single volume issues on Angel Mounds, the War of 1812, and Cahokia research. Recognizing the interest in such publications, the Board decided to create a Sponsored Symposium venue at the annual meetings. Conceptually the Sponsored Symposiums are a forum for presentation of problem-oriented papers on key Mid- western archaeological issues. The publication of such symposium proceedings serves to articulate how innovative breakthroughs and cumulative evidence may question previous interpretations and lead to a new understanding of the Mid- western archaeological record. Symposium proposals are submitted and reviewed by the Board each year and a single proposal is chosen that represents the best of current Midcontinental archaeology. The symposium organizers were encouraged to submit their manuscripts to the MCJA Editor for consideration for publication. Initially such symposium proceedings were envisioned as special issues within the MCJA. Unfortunately, the result was to quickly create a backlog of regular articles. There was not sufficient journal space available to include the papers from an annual Sponsored Symposium, something that the Board strongly favored. To resolve this issue the Board agreed to accept the Editorial Office’s proposal to initi- ate a MAC Occasional Papers series. This series will digitally publish the papers of the Sponsored Symposium. Currently the MCJA Editorial Office staff is handling the copyediting and formatting with funding from the Illinois State Archaeological Survey. The digital volumes will be available through the MAC web site. The first © Midwest Archaeological Conference Inc 2014 iv TOM E. EMERSON volume in this series Reassessing the Timing, Rate, and Adoption Trajectories of Domesticate Use in the Midwest, edited by Maria Raviele and William Lovis, is published here. MCJA Occasional Papers Series No. 1. Reassessing the Timing, Rate, and Adoption Trajectories of Domesticate Use in the Midwest and Great Lakes, edited by Maria E. Raviele and William A. Lovis. 2014 (Summer). MCJA Special Paper Series No. 1 The Coffey Site: Environment and Cultural Adaptation at a Prairie Plains Archaic Site. Larry J. Schmits. 1978. Bound with MCJA 3(1). No. 2 Archaeological Survey and Settlement Pattern Models in Central Illinois. Donna C. Roper. 1979. The Kent State University Press, Kent. No. 3 Hopewell Archaeology: The Chillicothe Conference, edited by David S. Brose and N’omi Greber. 1979. The Kent State University Press, Kent. No. 4 The Southeastern Check Stamped Pottery Tradition: A View from Louisiana. Ian W. Brown. 1982. The Kent State University Press, Kent. No. 5 Recent Excavations at the Edwin Harness Mound, Liberty Works, Ross County, Ohio. N’omi Greber. 1983. The Kent State University Press, Kent. No. 6 Rock Island: Historical Indian Archaeology in the Northern Lake Michigan Basin. Ronald J. Mason. 1986. The Kent State University Press, Kent. No. 7 Cultural Variability in Context: Woodland Settlements of the Mid-Ohio Valley, edited by Mark F. Seeman. 1992. The Kent State University Press, Kent. midwest archaeological conference inc. occasional papers No. 1, 2014, 1–6 Introduction to the First Midwest Archaeological Conference, Inc., Sponsored Symposium: Reassessing the Timing, Rate, and Adoption Trajectories of Domesticate Use in the Midwest and Great Lakes Maria E. Raviele Independent Researcher, USA William A. Lovis Michigan State University, USA The First Midwest Archaeological