DOCSLIB.ORG

Special Libraries, February 1918

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Special Libraries, February 1918 San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks Special Libraries, 1918 Special Libraries, 1910s 2-1-1918 Special Libraries, February 1918 Special Libraries Association Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1918 Part of the Cataloging and Metadata Commons, Collection Development and Management Commons, Information Literacy Commons, and the Scholarly Communication Commons Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, February 1918" (1918). Special Libraries, 1918. 2. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1918/2 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Libraries, 1910s at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Libraries, 1918 by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Special Libraries -- Vol. 9. FEBRUARY, 1918 No. 2 The Relation of the Public Library To The Private Business Libraries* By PAUL 13. NYSTIIOM, Ph. D., Director, BUREAUOF MERCHANDISINGRESEARCH, INTERNATIONAL MAGAZINE COMPANY, X. '5:-. The development and application of the tion of the officers and employes wl~atcvcr Library idea seems always to havc been has appeared in r~rir~tthat they should know characterized by growth in details,. one 11y ant1 in such form as to ~nducethem to use one rather than as a whole. At one t~me,we the material. The I~usincsslil~rariati should had a rapid spreacl of Carnegic libraries, at be the concern's specialist on the lirlcs of another of school I~braries,at another of literature of interest to that concern. The children's rooms and story hours, at another business librarian shor~ldboth sift and in- of traveling libraries and library extension. terpret I~usinessliteralu e for his concern's Having establ~shedtlictnselves these detail use. movements go on with the general library The library rn :i l~usincssconcern, qurte m~ovement constantly makmg it more sig- unlilte the Garncgian concept, is merely thc nificant and useful to the public. olFcc in whicl~the 1)usiness librarian works. Just now the nlost rapidly cleveloping It is cquippcrl with supplles which the li- phase of the library idea, it seems to me, is brarian may need In his work for the Com- t!~e establishment of private business libra- pany. Its equipment is long on l~terary ries. A large numbcr of concerns already tools hut s1io1-t 011 collections of I~ooks have bheir libraries or information and data and pamphlets. In fact you may have an departments organized and operating. Still excellent business l~braryscrvlce without larger numbers have begun collections of any collection of books in the cty~ological materials similar to those brought together and cwstotnary sense of the word lihrary". by libraries. The use for business 11tera- The I~usiness I~l~rarianexercises his pro- ture is so clear that other hundreds if not fession through knowledge of where infor- thousands of concerns need only to havc malion, sucli as his conccrn wants, can be the ~deaand suggestion of how to carry it founcl. One business librarian that 1 have out brought to their attention in order to met had no 1)ooks at a11 in his office, but cause them to estal~lish similar depart- did utilize I~ookancl periodicals in eight ments or libraries. public and professional .libraries located in The business library movement is largely his city The ideal l~usinesslibrary con- a tribute to the public libraries. If I mis- tains the I~ooks, periodicals, documents, take not, the servlce of the public llhrary and refcrcnce works of fairly constant and has suggested the possibilities of the spe- currenl use, ancl particularly the guides, cial business library. The systems of the handbooks and directories to the large col- public library have been drawn upon for lections witliin reach. the business lil~rary. Not a few bus~ness 1 he l~usincsslibrarian's worlc when con?- 1,ibraries have come from the ranlts of thc pared with that of the puI111c I~hrarian,IS public libraries. One may truthfully s eak 111ghly specialized He tnust classify and of the business library as a direct off-sgoot sul,classify 111 planes which never can con- of the public library. ccrn the public library, or at any ralc. To make clear the actual and possible wfiich wou,Id not he praclicahle for the pub- relations the public library can work out lic library. The work that hc does must with the business l~brarywe must fifst con- oftcn be done within very definite and vcry sider the peculiar functions of the business limitccl time. An idea, say some news librarian and of the business library. item, may Ix of great value if used today, From sucli study as I have been able to hut of 110 use tomorrow. The business give to the matter, it seems to me that the I~llrar~anmust study the personalities of real purpose of the business librarian in a the people whom he serves in a way hat I~usinessconcern is to bring to the atten- no nublic 11l)rarian can successfully do for 36 SPECIAL LIBRARIES the general public. The business libririan, library can no do.ubt be greatly enhanced in this respect, must adopt the tactics .of by application of this metbod. TO 111~s- the skillful teacher and determine individual trate, no matter how much service a public tnethods ol getting the attention and in- lihrary already renclcrs to its cornmu~l~ty, terest of the right parties within the con- there are certain to be some unworlced pos- cern to the points discovered in his reading sibilities. The library may even already of bus~nessliterature. reach the great majority of people in a The business library function came into community with certain classes of services existence with the clevclopn~entof business and still leave other poss~blehighly valu- literature, and I mean by business litera- able scrvices undone. This is especially ture, literature that can be put to use in likely to be true of stimulating the reading any way by a concern. The function is grow- of I~usinessliterature. mg. The need for the business library is In a concern with wliich I was ac- greater to-day than ever before. It will quainted, employing in the neighborhood become greater and greater, Tllle business of 300 people there was established a public library in one form or another has come branch library sp,ecializing on business to stay. Concerns that are large enoupl~to I~ooks. By investigation it was found that permit of the necessary division of labor scarcely any of these 300 had ever patron- will provide business library organization. m zed the general public library in the city Snlaller concerns will go as far as their for this type of reading. By proper encour- means will pcrmit. There will be such a agement from a live business librarian, a developnlent as this because the business large number of thesc were induced to take library, properly conducterl, pays. up reading along business I~nes,resulting What shall be the attitude for the publio in considerable pain to then~selvesand to library to take towards business libraries the business. springing up about it? I cannot answer The public library had been established t,his question by saying what their attitude in the corninunity for years. Practically all ought to be. 1 can only point out what of the employes knew of the public library their att~tudcactually seems to be and and many of them had wed it in various then make a suggestion or two on how I ways, but it required the special business think greater progress can be made. library loczcted In their own concern to Most public librarians that I know of call their attention to the new values. treat business libraries and librarians just In other words, among these employes as they treat individual patrons of the reading for business was an idea not for- library. Not much attention is given to the merly taught them by the general public business library as such. The business library. The establishment of the business librarian mcrely comes to the public library library indirectly extended the service of and receives the public library service under the general library in a very specific and the same rul'es as other library users. I valuable line to nearly 300 additional resi- have known of cases where he thought dents of the city. Was it not well worth himself lucky if he were permitted even while for th8is general library to establish ~~1~11services. its business branch in this concern. Thcrc are still other librariles that look There is no question but that the public upon the business libraries as avenues libraries can in many communities expand through which to expand the public library their services to business interests, they service and accordingly cooperate in nu- can collect business books, business period- merous ways with business librarians. Such icals and make abstracts of important ar- public libraries are t,o the business libraries ticles in the periodical literature for the much the same as wholesale houses are to benefit of industries in the conlnnunity. setail es,tablishments in other lines of The public library can promote interest business. in business literature to a marked degree, In a few cases the public library is going without doubt, but it is impossible for the to the opposite extreme and is attempting public library to render the intimate special to perform business library service for the service for the particular concern that the business men and bus~nessconcerns in the ~~usinesslibrary performs without sacri- community and whdo patronize the library.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • American Armies and Battlefields in Europe
    Chapter v1 THE AMERICAN BATTLEFIELDS NORTH OF PARIS chapter gives brief accounts of areas and to all of the American ceme- all American fighting whi ch oc- teries and monuments. This route is Thiscurred on the battle front north of recommended for those who desire to Paris and complete information concern- make an extended automobile tour in the ing the American military cemeteries and region. Starting from Paris, it can be monuments in that general region. The completely covered in four days, allowing military operations which are treated are plenty of time to stop on the way. those of the American lst, 27th, 30th, The accounts of the different operations 33d, 37th, 80th and 91st Divisions and and the descriptions of the American the 6th and 11 th Engineer Regiments. cemeteries and monuments are given in Because of the great distances apart of the order they are reached when following So uthern Encr ance to cb e St. Quentin Can al Tunnel, Near Bellicourc, October 1, 1918 the areas where this fighting occurred no the suggested route. For tbis reason they itinerary is given. Every operation is do not appear in chronological order. described, however, by a brief account Many American units otber tban those illustrated by a sketch. The account and mentioned in this chapter, sucb as avia- sketch together give sufficient information tion, tank, medical, engineer and infantry, to enable the tourist to plan a trip through served behind this part of the front. Their any particular American combat area. services have not been recorded, however, The general map on the next page as the space limitations of tbis chapter indicates a route wbich takes the tourist required that it be limited to those Amer- either int o or cl ose to all of tbese combat ican organizations which actually engaged (371) 372 THE AMERICAN B ATTLEFIELD S NO R TH O F PARIS Suggested Tour of American Battlefields North of Paris __ Miles Ghent ( î 37th and 91st Divisions, Ypres-Lys '"offensive, October 30-November 11, 1918 \ ( N \ 1 80th Division, Somme 1918 Albert 33d Division.
    [Show full text]
  • 5402 Supplement to the London Gazette, 23 February, 1918
    5402 SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 23 FEBRUARY, 1918. .Rif. Brig. W. Richardson-White, from a Serv. Bn., 2nd Lt. 0. W. Errington (Lond. R., T.F.) Suff. R. 20 Jan. 1918, with seniority 30 to be temp. Lt. 25 Oct. 1917. May 1917. A. McClintock, from a Serv. Bn., High. The undermentioned temp. 2nd Lts. to be L.I. 21 Jan. 1918, with seniority 30 May temp. Lts.:— 1917. P. R. Coltman (actg. Capt.). 26 Oct. E. J. G. Palmer (K.R. Rif. C.) 21 Jan. 1917. 1918, with seniority 30 May 1917. H. R. Smith. 27 Oct. 1917. J. F. Thorpe, from a Serv. Bn., K.R. R. Singleton. 28 Oct. 1917. Rif. C. 20 Jan. 1918, with seniority 2*9 C. W. Stonham. 29 Oct. 1917. Aug. 1917. W. H. L. Rishworth, from a Serv. Bn., -^Garrison Battalions. Lan. Fus. 20 Jan. 1918, with seniority 26 North'd Fus. Sept. 1917. Temp. Lt. R. C. Ferguson to be temp. Capt. 7 Nov. 1916. (Substituted for Gaz. The undermentioned temp. 2nd Lts. to be notification 15 Feb. 1918, specifying date as temp. Lts.: — 7 Nov. 1917.) E. Hemsoll, 7th Jan. 1918, with prece- JLabour Corps. dence next below G. S. Gray. Maj. A. K. Armstrong (ret., Ind. Army) F. W. Moss. 7 Jan. 1918. relinquishes the temp, rank of Lt.-Col. on . E. O. Richards. 5 Feb. 1918. ceasing to be empldr with the Corps, and is Temp. Lt. C. J. Flux relinquishes his granted the hon. rank of Lt.-Col. 6 Feb. comn. on account of ill-health caused by 1918.
    [Show full text]
  • The U.S., World War I, and Spreading Influenza in 1918
    Online Office Hours We’ll get started at 2 ET Library of Congress Online Office Hours Welcome. We’re glad you’re here! Use the chat box to introduce yourselves. Let us know: Your first name Where you’re joining us from Why you’re here THE U.S., WORLD WAR I, AND SPREADING INFLUENZA IN 1918 Ryan Reft, historian of modern America in the Manuscript Division at the Library of Congress Using LoC collections to research influenza pandemic 1918-1919 Woodrow Wilson, draft Fourteen Three main takeaways Points, 1918 • Demonstrate the way World War I facilitated the spread of the virus through mobilization • How the pandemic was fought domestically and its effects • Influenza’s possible impact on world events via Woodrow Wilson and the Treaty of Versailles U.S. in January 1918 Mobilization Military Map of the [USA], 1917 • Creating a military • Selective Service Act passed in May 1917 • First truly conscripted military in U.S. history • Creates military of four million; two million go overseas • Military camps set up across nation • Home front oriented to wartime production of goods • January 1918 Woodrow Wilson outlines his 14 points Straight Outta Kansas Camp Funston Camp Funston, Fort Riley, 1918 • First reported case of influenza in Haskell County, KS, February 1918 • Camp Funston (Fort Riley), second largest cantonment • 56,000 troops • Virus erupts there in March • Cold conditions, overcrowded tents, poorly heated, inadequate clothing The first of three waves • First wave, February – May, 1918 • Even if there was war … • “high morbidity, but low mortality” – Anthony Fauci, 2018 the war was removed • Americans carry over to Europe where it changes from us you know … on • Second wave, August – December the other side … This • Most lethal, high mortality esp.
    [Show full text]
  • Biplanes and Bombsights: British Bombing in Word War I
    Biplanes and Bombsights British Bombing in World War I George K. WMiams Air University Press Maxell Air Force Base, Alabama May 1999 Library of Congress Cataloging-In-Publication Data Williams. George Kent, 1944- Biplanes and bombsights : British Bombing in World War I / George Kent Williams. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ' 1. World War, 1914-1918-Aerial operations, British. 2. Bombers-Great Britain. I. ' Title. D602.W48 1999 940 .4'4941-dc21 ~9-26205 CIP Disclaimer opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressedor implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release : distribution unlimited. e il Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii FOREWORD . v ABOUT THE AUTHOR . vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . .. ' , ix INTRODUCTION . : . 1 - NO. 3 WING ROYAL NAVAL AIR SERVICE (JULY 1916-MAY 1917) . .. ... 30f Notes . 2 BRITISH BOMBING BEGINS . 35 Notes . .. 67 3 41ST WING ROYAL FLYING CORPS (JUNE 1917-JANUARY 1918) . 73 Notes . .. 125 4 . EIGHTH BRIGADE AND INDEPENDENT FORCE (FEBRUARY-NOVEMBER 1918) . 133 Notes . 180 5 EIGHTH BRIGADE AND INDEPENDENT FORCE OPERATIONS . 189 Notes . 231 6 POSTWAR ASSESSMENTS . 239 Notes . 264 APPENDIX . 269 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 289 INDEX . 299 iii Illustrations Table Page 1 'Battle Casualties, Night Squadrons, June-November 1918 . 210 Photographs Handley Page . 9 DeHavilland 4B . 43 Me . 63 Foreword This study measures wartime claims against actual results of the British bombing campaign against Germany in the Great War. Components of the' Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS), the Royal Flying Corps (RFC); and the Royal Air Force (RAF) conducted bombing raids between July 1916 and the Armistice.
    [Show full text]
  • Rice Family Correspondence
    TITLE: Rice family correspondence DATE RANGE: 1912-1919 CALL NUMBER: MS 0974 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 2 linear ft. (4 boxes) PROVENANCE: Donated by Hester Rice Clark and Sylvia Rice Hilsinger on May 13, 1980. COPYRIGHT: The Arizona Historical Society owns the copyright to this collection. RESTRICTIONS: This collection is unrestricted. CREDIT LINE: Rice family correspondence, MS 0974, Arizona Historical Society-Tucson PROCESSED BY: Finding aid transcribed by Nancy Siner, November 2015 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE: Harvey Clifton Rice was born in Liberal, Kansas on September 1, 1889, to Katherine Lane Rice and Joseph Davenport Rice. He lived with his parents and sister, Sarah, in Tecumseh, Kansas until 1914, when the family moved to Hayden, Arizona. Harvey and his father were employed by the Ray Consolidated Copper Company. Sarah worked as a telephone operator until she married and moved to Humboldt, Arizona in 1916. In Hayden, the Rice family lived in a tent to which they later added rooms. Harvey Rice was drafted into the United States Army in 1917. He was plagued by poor health during his term of service and was discharged on July 27, 1919. Charlotte Abigail Burre was born in Independence, Missouri on December 11, 1888. Her parents, Henry Burre and Mary Catherine Sappenfield Burre, had five other daughters: Hester, Lucy, Henrietta, Martha and George; and three sons: Robert, Carrol and Ed. Charlotte’s father was a carpenter and the family supplemented his income by taking boarders in the home. Charlotte’s brother, Carrol, was drafted and served in France where he was awarded the distinguished Served Cross and the Croix de Guerre.
    [Show full text]
  • Monthly Record of Current Educational Publications
    DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF EDUCATION BULLETIN, 1918, No. 34 MONTHLY RECORD OF CURRENT EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS OCTOBER, 1918 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1910 Atm ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PCRLICATION MAY RE PRIX:ORE') FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT of DOCUMENTS GOVERVMENT NVASHINGTON, D. C. AT 5 CENTS l'ER COPY A Vt. 228978 NOV 13 i9t9 -nEF7-1-b" X918 5, RECORDRECORD OF CURRENT EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. Compiled by the Library Division, Bureau of Education. CONTENT8.Educational history and biographyCurrent educational conditions Education and the warEducational theory and 'practicetducationalpsychology; Child study--Educational tests and measurementsSpecialmethods of Instruction Special subjects of curriculumKindergarten and primary schoolRuraleducation Secondary educationTeachers: Training and professional statusHighereducation School administrationSchool managementSchool hygiene andsanitationPhysical trainingSocial aspects 9f educationChild welfare Moral andreligious education Manual and vocational trainingVocational guidanceAgriculturaleducationProfes- sional educationCivic educationAmericanization ofimmigrantsReeducation of war invalids Education of womenNegro educationExceptional chIldrenEducatIonex- tensionLibraries and readingBureau of Education: Recent publications. NOTE. The record comprises a generalsurvey in bibliographic form of current educational literature, domestic and foreign, receiveddur- ing the monthly period preceding the date of itspublication. This office can not supply the publications listedin this
    [Show full text]
  • Supplement to the London Gazette, 26 July, 1918. 8755
    SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 26 JULY, 1918. 8755 made a reconnaissance into a wood, sending our set an inspiring example to those with back valuable information. He was finally him, and prevented the fires spreading. wounded by rifle fire at close range. (M.C. gazetted 1st January, 1917.) (1st Bar gazetted llth May 1917.) Capt. Henry Ray Vercoe, Auckland R. T./Capt. James Wallace MacFarlane, M.C., For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to M.B., R.A.M.C. duty. When his company commander was For conspicuous gallantry and devotion wounded he took command and led the com- to duty in going under heavy shell-fire to the pany successfully under very heavy machine- assistance of a wounded man who was lying gun fire. Next day he carried a wounded in the shelled area, dressing his wounds, and man into safety under heavy fire, and the getting him safely to cover. He without following day, when some of his men were doubt saved the man's life. buried by a minenwerf er he went to the spot (M.C. gazetted 26th July, 1917.) and saved the lives of two by digging them (1st'Bar gazetted 4th February, 1918.) out with his bare hands. This officer was a fine example of courage and determination. Lt. (T./Capt.) George Edward Henry McElroy, M.C., R.G.A., and R.F.C. For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. While flying at a height of 2,000 feet, he observed a patrol of five enemy AWARDED A SECOND BAR TO THE aircraft patrolling behind the lines.
    [Show full text]
  • WORLD WAR ONE This Subject Guide Lists Documents in the Eisenhower
    WORLD WAR ONE This subject guide lists documents in the Eisenhower Presidential Library related to World War I. Although the United States did not enter the war until April 6, 1917, some documents on this list relate to the war in Europe prior to that date. Post-war documents related to WWI veterans with no actual information about the war are not included. These collections primarily document the experiences of young men and women at the start of their adult lives. If you have any questions about specific collections, please refer to the finding aid to that collection for more information. Chronology of First World War (with an emphasis on US involvement) 1914 June 28 Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip while the couple were visiting Sarajevo. July 28 Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. August 1 Germany declares war on Russia. August 3 Germany declares war on France. August 4 United Kingdom declares war on Germany, after Germany invades Belgium. August 6 Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia and Serbia declares war on Germany. August 26 Battle of Tannenberg begins. August 19 U.S. President Woodrow Wilson announces the U.S. will remain neutral. September 5 First Battle of the Marne and the beginning of trench warfare. October 19 Battle of Ypres begins. November 3 United Kingdom announces that the North Sea is a military area, effectively creating a blockade of goods into Germany. December 24 Unofficial Christmas truce is declared. 1915 February 4 Germany declares a "war zone" around Great Britain, effecting a submarine blockade where even neutral merchant vessels were to be potential targets.
    [Show full text]
  • (WWI 1) [World War I]
    Military Collection State Archives of North Carolina North Carolina Council of Defense Records (WWI 1) [World War I] Collection Number: WWI 1 Title: North Carolina Council of Defense Records Dates: 1916-1921, 1928-1930, 1932-1933 (bulk 1917-1920) Creator: North Carolina Council of Defense; Council of National Defense; Joseph Hyde Pratt; and various others. Abstract The North Carolina Council of Defense Records is composed of the original correspondence, subject files, financial records, organizational records, and operational materials created and utilized by the North Carolina Council of Defense from its formation on May 31, 1917, through the completion of an unpublished history of the Council by one of its members in 1932. The materials document the operations and war-time resources management of North Carolina, as well as of the county Councils of Defense in North Carolina. Correspondence from citizens and county officials regarding various war-time issues are represented in the collection. The collection also contains information, records, posters, and reports from other states’ Councils of Defense; and training, promotional, and public awareness materials from the Council of National Defense. Overall, the collection documents the status of North Carolina’s resources, government, and citizens throughout World War I. The records in this collection were accumulated from 1917 to 1933 by members of the state and county Councils of Defense, and deposited with the North Carolina Historical Commission by 1933. Physical Description: Approximately 11.75 linear feet Language(s): English; French; German; Italian Repository: State Archives of North Carolina, 4614 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, N.C. 27699- 4614 Restrictions on Access: There are no restrictions on accessing this collection.
    [Show full text]
  • Monthly Record of Current Educational Publications
    DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF EDUCATION BULLETIN, 1918, NO. 12 MONTHLY RECORD OF CURRENT EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS APRIL, 1918 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1913 ADDITIONAL COPIES Of TIIIS CUBLICATION MAT RE PROCURED ROY TILE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENT, GOVERNMENT, PRINTING OPPICE WASIIINGToN, D.C. AT CENTS PER COPY MONTHLY RECORD OF CURRENT EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. Compiled by the Library Division, Bureau of Education. 1..IINTV NTS. Proreedings of a.xsoelat ions-Educat lona! history and biography- Currenteducational conditions- Educational theory and practice-FAlutational psychology; Child study-Educational tests and masurements-Special methods of instruction-Special subjects of curriculum-Kindergarten and l.ti nary ,hool--Rural education-Secondary educatioti-Teachers: Training and professional slaws- !! i.er ednisal ion-School adtninist rid ion-School management -School archit ecture-School hygientratol !Mil al ion-Physical training-Boy scouts-Child welfare -- Religious education-Manual and vocational traiiiine-Vocational guidance-School gardens ommereial education -Professional education-Reed- ma, ton of sear involids-7 Ethical ion of women-Education of deaf-Exceptional chiliihn-Etincation eutoi-ion -1,ibruries and railing-Bureau of Education: Recent publications. Non. The record comprises a general survey in bibliographic form of current educational literature, domestic and foreign, received dur- ing the monthly period preceding the (late of its publication. This office can not supply the publications listed in this bulletin, .othe, than those expressly designated as publications of the Bureau of Ellileation.Books, pamphlets, and periodicals here mentioned niny ordinarily be obtained from their respective publishers, either directly or through a dealer, or, in the case of an association publi- cation, from the secretary of the issuing organization.
    [Show full text]
  • The First Wings of War Air Force Reserve in World War I
    The First Wings of War Air Force Reserve in World War I Paul H. Larson, Kevin I. Burge, Keith L. Barr Front Cover Photo: Sketch by SMSgt Darby G Perrin, 2015 THE FIRST WINGS OF WAR: AIR FORCE RESERVE IN WORLD WAR I Background The First World War, referred to at the time as the Great War, erupted after Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on 28 June 1914. A complex series of alliances between the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Great Britain, the German Empire, France, Japan, and Russia virtually assured that Princip’s act in Sarajevo had far reaching consequences.1 These entangling alliances resulted in full-scale war on 4 August 1914 when German forces invaded Belgium, spurring Great Britain to declare war on Germany.2 The United States of America officially remained neutral throughout much of the conflict. Even as fighting on the Western Front bogged down into trench warfare, many in the US desired to avoid entanglement in the war. German submarine attacks in the Atlantic, particularly the sinking of the RMS Lusitania on 7 May 1915, strengthened calls for US involvement.3 However, few Americans wanted to join the carnage then underway overseas. President Woodrow Wilson even won the presidential election of 1916 using the slogan “He Kept Us Out of War.”4 However, Germany’s attempt to enlist Mexico to attack the US proved to be too much for many Americans and Congress. The US declared war on Germany on 6 April 1917. Within months, US military personnel began to arrive in France to assist the effort to defeat the German Empire and its allies.
    [Show full text]
  • Texas and the Great War Travel Guide
    Credit: Wikimedia Commons In the 1916 presidential election, Woodrow Wilson In many ways, World War I is a forgotten war, campaigned on “He Kept Us Out of War.” While the Great overshadowed by the major conflicts that preceded and War raged abroad, this slogan reassured Americans that followed it. But its impact was profound. It normalized their boys would not be shipped off to the killing fields of airplanes in skies and made death by machine gun, poison Europe. But on April 6, 1917, just a month after Wilson’s gas, or artillery the new normal for soldiers. It catalyzed second inauguration, the U.S. found itself joining the fight reform movements, invigorated marginalized groups, that in just three years had brought powerful empires to and strained America’s commitment to the protection of their knees. civil liberties within its own borders. It did all this while turning the U.S. into a creditor nation for the first time The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria- in its history, and granting it a new—albeit temporary— Hungary by Serbian separatists was the spark that ignited importance on the international stage. The U.S., and a bold, the war. It was fueled by an ongoing arms race, rising modern new world, had finally arrived. nationalism, and decades of resentment and competition between powerful European nations. Dozens of nations and Texas was at the forefront of much of this change. colonial territories eventually aligned themselves behind Thousands of its residents, along with new migrants from one of two opposing power blocs: the Triple Entente (or the rest of the U.S.
    [Show full text]