DOCSLIB.ORG

Canada Lynx Lynx Canadensis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Canada Lynx Lynx Canadensis U.S. U.S.Fish Fish & Wildlife & Wildlife Service Service Canada Lynx Lynx canadensis Canada Lynx / USFWS Species Description The Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) is competition from other hare predators, Additionally, from 1999-2006, lynx an elusive forest-dwelling cat of and denning habitat generally captured in Alaska and Canada were northern latitudes. At 30-35 inches consisting of log piles, windfalls, or released into western Colorado; lynx long, weighing 14-31 pounds, and with dense vegetation that provide security from this introduced population have grizzled gray fur, lynx are similar to for kittens. Most lynx habitat in the dispersed into northern New Mexico bobcats (Lynx rufus) in size and Lower 48 States occurs on public and southern Wyoming. appearance. The lynx’s large, well- (National Forest, National Park, and furred paws, long, black ear tufts, and Bureau of Land Management) lands, Diet short, black-tipped tail distinguish it except in the Northeast, where most is Snowshoe hares comprise a majority from the bobcat. With its large paws on private timber lands. of the lynx diet throughout its range. and long hind legs, the lynx is highly Lynx prey opportunistically on other adapted to hunting its primary prey, Distribution small mammals, particularly red the snowshoe hare (Lepus The lynx’s range largely overlaps that squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), americanus), in the deep snow typical of the snowshoe hare, and both species and birds, especially when hare throughout its range. Lynx have been are widespread and relatively common numbers are low. In most of Canada documented to live up to 16 years in in interior Canada and Alaska. Lynx and Alaska, hare populations are the wild. are much rarer in the contiguous U.S., cyclic, with dramatic swings in at the southern edge of their range. numbers over 8-11 year periods. When Habitat Although lynx have been documented Landscapes with high snowshoe hare in 24 states in the contiguous U.S., densities are optimal for lynx survival, many of these records occurred in reproduction, and population unsuitable habitats and were persistence. Lynx and hares are associated with periodic mass strongly associated with moist, cool, dispersals (“irruptions”) of lynx from boreal spruce-fir forests, where lynx Canada after cyclic hare population prefer gently rolling terrain. Hares declines. Only a few places in the need forests with dense understory Lower 48 States have consistently vegetation that provides food and supported lynx populations; these cover, especially during periods of deep include northern Maine, northeastern snow. In the northern contiguous U.S., Minnesota, northwestern Montana and boreal forests transition to more northeastern Idaho, north-central temperate forest types, where lynx Washington, and southwestern populations cannot be sustained, even Montana and northwestern Wyoming. though snowshoe hares may still be Recently, a few lynx have been present. Lynx also need persistent documented in northern New deep, powdery snow, which limits Hampshire and northern Vermont. Canada Lynx / Steve Torbit Region 6 Mountain-Prairie Region hare numbers are low, lynx experience Population Threats widespread food shortages and many Lynx likely have never been as Lynx in the contiguous U.S. were die of starvation or abandon home abundant in the Lower 48 States as designated a distinct population ranges to search for adequate prey. In they are in Canada and Alaska because segment (DPS) and were listed as the contiguous U.S., hare population habitat is naturally limited to threatened under the Endangered cycles are less pronounced or absent relatively small areas in the Northeast, Species Act in 2000 because entirely, and hare densities in most Great Lakes, Rocky Mountains, and regulations governing forest places are similar to those in Canada North Cascade Mountains. In most of management activities on Federal and Alaska during the low phase of the Canada and Alaska, lynx populations lands were deemed inadequate, at that cycle. are cyclic and lag 1-2 years behind hare time, to conserve lynx and their cycles. Lynx populations in the habitats. Since listing, most Federal Reproduction contiguous U.S. are generally small land managers throughout the lynx’s Lynx typically mate in March and and isolated from one another (though range, as well as States and several April, and kittens are born from late most are directly connected to private landowners in Maine, have April to mid-June. Litter sizes, ranging populations in Canada), and they formally amended management plans from 1 to 6, and kitten survival appear to function as subpopulations of to conserve lynx and hare habitats. correlate with hare abundance. Litters larger Canadian populations. These Recent modeling suggests that climate of 4 or 5 and high kitten survival are subpopulations may depend on change is likely to impact lynx in the common when hare numbers are high; periodic immigration from populations DPS. Although the timing, magnitude, when they are low, little or no in Canada for demographic and genetic and consequences of climate-related reproduction may occur and few or no enrichment. Because lynx are so rare impacts are difficult to predict, lynx kittens survive to be recruited into the in the contiguous U.S. and difficult to habitats and populations in the population. Lynx hybridization with monitor intensively over time, reliable contiguous U.S. are likely to be smaller bobcats has been documented in estimates are not available for all and more isolated in the future and, Minnesota, Maine and New Brunswick, regions, and the size of the total therefore, more vulnerable to other where male bobcats bred with female Lower-48 population is unknown but threats. lynx to produce fertile offspring with likely small. lynx-like ear tufts, intermediate More Information foot-size, and bobcat-like fur. To learn more about Canada lynx and conservation efforts on behalf of the species, please visit the following sites: The Service’s Canada lynx webpage: http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/ species/mammals/lynx/ & the Service’s ECOS page: http://ecos.fws.gov/. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 6 P.O. Box 25486 Denver Federal Center Denver, Colorado 80225 303 / 382 6468 For State relay service TTY / Voice: 711 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service http://www.fws.gov September 2013 Canada Lynx / Ted Swem Region 6 Mountain-Prairie Region .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wildlife; Threatened and Endangered Species
    2009 SNF Monitoring and Evaluation Report Wildlife; Threatened and Endangered Species Introduction The data described in this report outlines the history, actions, procedures, and direction that the Superior National Forest (aka the Forest or SNF) has implemented in support of the Gray Wolf Recovery Plan and Lynx Conservation Assessment and Strategy (LCAS). The Forest contributes towards the conservation and recovery of the two federally listed threatened and endangered species: Canada lynx and gray wolf, through habitat and access management practices, collaboration with other federal and state agencies, as well as researchers, tribal bands and non-governmental partners. Canada lynx On 24 March 2000, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service designated the Canada lynx a “Threatened” species in the lower 48 states. From 2004-2009 the main sources of information about Canada lynx for the SNF included the following: • Since 2003 the Canada lynx study has been investigating key questions needed to contribute to the recovery and conservation of Canada lynx in the Western Great Lakes. Study methods are described in detail in the annual study progress report available online at the following address: http://www.nrri.umn.edu/lynx/ . These methods have included collecting information on distribution, snow tracking lynx, tracking on the ground and in the air radio-collared lynx, studying habitat use, collecting and analyzing genetic samples (for example, from hair or scat) and conducting pellet counts of snowshoe hare (the primary prey). • In 2006 permanent snow tracking routes were established across the Forest. The main objective is to maintain a standardized, repeatable survey to monitor lynx population indices and trends.
    [Show full text]
  • Eurasian Lynx – Your Essential Brief
    Eurasian lynx – Your essential brief Background Q: Are lynx native to Britain? A: Based on archaeological evidence, the range of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) included Britain until at least 1,300 years ago. It is difficult to be precise about when or why lynx became extinct here, but it was almost certainly related to human activity – deforestation removed their preferred habitat, and also that of their prey, thus reducing prey availability. These declines in prey species may have been exacerbated by human hunting. Q: Where do they live now? A: Across Europe, Scandinavia, Russia, northern China and Southeast Asia. The range used to include other areas of Western Europe, including Britain, where they are no longer present. Q: How many are there? A: There are thought to be around 50,000 in the world, of which 9,000 – 10,000 live in Europe. They are considered to be a species of least concern by the IUCN. Modern range of the Eurasian lynx Q: How big are they? A: Lynx are on average around 1m in length, 75cm tall and around 20kg, with the males being slightly larger than the females. They can live to 15 years old, but this is rare in the wild. Q: What do they eat? A: The preferred prey of the lynx are the smaller deer species, primarily the roe deer. Lynx may also prey upon other deer species, including chamois, sika deer, smaller red deer, muntjac and fallow deer. Q: Do they eat other things? A: Yes. Lynx prey on many other species when their preferred prey is scarce, including rabbits, hares, foxes, wildcats, squirrel, pine marten, domestic pets, sheep, goats and reared gamebirds.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Large Carnivores in Serbia
    Status of large carnivores in Serbia Duško Ćirović Faculty of Biology University of Belgrade, Belgrade Status and threats of large carnivores in Serbia LC have differend distribution, status and population trends Gray wolf Eurasian Linx Brown Bear (Canis lupus) (Lynx lynx ) (Ursus arctos) Distribution of Brown Bear in Serbia Carpathian Dinaric-Pindos East Balkan Population status of Brown Bear in Serbia Dinaric-Pindos: Distribution 10000 km2 N=100-120 Population increase Range expansion Carpathian East Balkan: Distribution 1400 km2 Dinaric-Pindos N= a few East Balkan Population trend: unknown Carpathian: Distribution 8200 km2 N=8±2 Population stable Legal status of Brown Bear in Serbia According Law on Protection of Nature and the Law on Game and Hunting brown bear in Serbia is strictly protected species. He is under the centralized jurisdiction of the Ministry of Environmental Protection Treats of Brown Bear in Serbia Intensive forestry practice and infrastructure development . Illegal killing Low acceptance due to fear for personal safety Distribution of Gray wolf in Serbia Carpathian Dinaric-Pindos East Balkan Population status of Gray wolf in Serbia Dinaric-Balkan: 2 Carpathian Distribution cca 43500 km N=800-900 Population - stabile/slight increasingly Dinaric Range - slight expansion Carpathian: Distribution 480 km2 (was) Population – a few Population status of Gray wolf in Serbia Carpathian population is still undefined Carpathian Peri-Carpathian Legal status of Gray wolf in Serbia According the Law on Game and Hunting the gray wolf in majority pars of its distribution (south from Sava and Danube rivers) is game species with closing season from April 15th to July 1st.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Bear Ecology Life Systems – Interactions Within Ecosystems a Guide for Grade 7 Teachers
    BEAR WISE Black Bear Ecology Life Systems – Interactions Within Ecosystems A Guide for Grade 7 Teachers Ministry of Natural Resources BEAR WISE Introduction Welcome to Black Bear Ecology, Life Systems – Interactions Within Ecosystems, a Guide for Grade 7 Teachers. With a focus on the fascinating world of black bears, this program provides teachers with a classroom ready resource. Linked to the current Science and Technology curriculum (Life Systems strand), the Black Bear Ecology Guide for teachers includes: I background readings on habitats, ecosystems and the species within; food chains and food webs; ecosystem change; black bear habitat needs and ecology and bear-human interactions; I unit at a glance; I four lesson plans and suggested activities; I resources including a glossary; list of books and web sites and information sheets about black bears. At the back of this booklet, you will find a compact disk. It includes in Portable Document Format (PDF) the English and French versions of this Grade 7 unit; the Grades 2 and 4 units; the information sheets and the Are You Bear Wise? eBook (2005). This program aims to generate awareness about black bears – their biological needs; their behaviour and how human action influences bears. It is an initiative of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. BEAR WISE Acknowledgements The Ministry of Natural Resources would like to thank the following people for their help in developing the Black Bear Ecology Education Program. This education program would not have been possible without their contributions
    [Show full text]
  • Lynx, Felis Lynx, Predation on Red Foxes, Vulpes Vulpes, Caribou
    Lynx, Fe/is lynx, predation on Red Foxes, Vulpes vulpes, Caribou, Rangifer tarandus, and Dall Sheep, Ovis dalli, in Alaska ROBERT 0. STEPHENSON, 1 DANIEL V. GRANGAARD,2 and JOHN BURCH3 1Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99701 2Alaska Department of Fish and Game, P.O. Box 305, Tok, Alaska 99780 JNational Park Service, P.O. Box 9, Denali National Park, Alaska 99755 Stephenson, Robert 0., Daniel Y. Grangaard, and John Burch. 1991. Lynx, Fe/is lynx, predation on Red Foxes, Vulpes vulpes, Caribou, Rangifer tarandus, and Dall Sheep, Ovis dalli, in Alaska. Canadian Field-Naturalist 105(2): 255- 262. Observations of Canada Lynx (Fe/is lynx) predation on Red Foxes ( Vulpes vulpes) and medium-sized ungulates during winter are reviewed. Characteristics of I 3 successful attacks on Red Foxes and 16 cases of predation on Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and Dall Sheep (Ovis dalli) suggest that Lynx are capable of killing even adults of these species, with foxes being killed most easily. The occurrence of Lynx predation on these relatively large prey appears to be greatest when Snowshoe Hares (Lepus americanus) are scarce. Key Words: Canada Lynx, Fe/is lynx, Red Fox, Vulpes vulpes, Caribou, Rangifer tarandus, Dall Sheep, Ovis dalli, predation, Alaska. Although the European Lynx (Felis lynx lynx) quently reach 25° C in summer and -10 to -40° C in regularly kills large prey (Haglund 1966; Pullianen winter. Snow depths are generally below 80 cm, 1981), the Canada Lynx (Felis lynx canadensis) and snow usually remains loosely packed except at relies largely on small game, primarily Snowshoe high elevations.
    [Show full text]
  • PICA Project Report (Action A2.2 & 2.3)
    PICA Project Report (Action A2.2 & 2.3) Investigation of Pallas’s cat activity patterns and temporal interactions with sympatric species Authors: Katarzyna Ruta, Gustaf Samelius, David Barclay, Emma Nygren PICA - “Conservation of the Pallas’s cat through capacity building, research, and global planning” 1. Introduction: 1.1 Activity patterns of wild felids: Activity patterns form a part of species’ adaptation to their environment (Beltran & Delibes, 1994) and are therefore a fundamental aspect of animal behaviour (Nielsen, 1983; Weller & Bennett, 2001). Felids are generally considered to be crepuscular and nocturnal in their activity (Kitchener, 1991), although they are well adapted to function in a wide range of light conditions (Sunquist & Sunquist, 2002). Numerous abiotic pressures and biotic interactions are known to shape the temporal behaviour of (cat-like) carnivores (Marinho et al., 2018), including changes in temperature (Beltran & Delibes, 1994; Podolski et al., 2013), light (Huck et al., 2017; Heurich et al., 2014) and season (Podolski et al., 2013; Manfredi et al., 2011), sex and reproductive status of the animal (Kolbe & Squires, 2007; Schmidt, 1999; Schmidt et al., 2009), predation risk (Caro, 2005; Farías et al., 2012) and human disturbance (Wolf & Ale, 2009; Ale & Brown, 2009). Owing to the dietary constraints of carnivores whose preys have their own well-defined circadian rhythms (Halle, 2000; Zielinski, 2000), the availability and vulnerability of prey is, however, considered as one of the main influences on predator temporal activity (Zielinski, 1988; Lodé, 1995). According to Optimal Foraging Theory, predators are expected to synchronize their daily activity with the activity of their most profitable prey, increasing the probability of encounters while reducing energy expenditure (MacArthur & Pianka, 1966; Monterroso et al., 2013; Emmons, 1987).
    [Show full text]
  • Canada Lynx Lynx Canadensis Fact Sheet Natural Resources April 2011 Conservation Service
    Canada Lynx Lynx canadensis Fact Sheet Natural Resources April 2011 Conservation Service and seral lodgepole pine, is the primary vegetation type occupied. Cedar-hemlock forests may also be important. Mature forests with downed logs and windfalls provide cover for denning, escape, and protection from severe weather. Landscapes with a variety of forest age classes and cover types support large numbers of snowshoe hares for lynx foraging. Recent burns and cutting units may provide herbaceous summer foods for snowshoe hares and older, regenerating burns and cutting units provide Official Status: Threatened. woody browse for winter snowshoe hare Threatened species are species that are likely to populations. Cold, dry snow conditions give lynx a become endangered within the foreseeable future competitive advantage with their long legs and large throughout all or a significant portion of their range. feet, which act as snowshoes. Listed Federal Register Volume 63, No. 58, March 24, 2000. Historical Status The Canada lynx once occupied 16 of the contiguous United States (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado) as well as present day range in mountainous and boreal forest habitats throughout Canada and Alaska. Present Status Small populations of lynx remain in only three of the 16 contiguous states originally inhabited: Montana, Life History Washington, and Maine. If lynx still exist in any of Mating occurs through March and April; kittens are the other lower 48 states, they are very rare. born during May and June after a 62-day gestation Habitat period. Litter size averages 2 (1-4).
    [Show full text]
  • The Scientific Basis for Conserving Forest Carnivores: American Marten, Fisher, Lynx and Wolverine in the Western United States
    United States The Scientific Basis for Conserving Forest Carnivores Department of Agriculture Forest Service American Marten, Fisher, Lynx, Rocky Mountain and Wolverine Forest and Range Experiment Station in the Western United States Fort Collins, Colorado 80526 General Technical Report RM-254 Abstract Ruggiero, Leonard F.; Aubry, Keith B.; Buskirk, Steven W.; Lyon, L. Jack; Zielinski, William J., tech. eds. 1994. The Scientific Basis for Conserving Forest Carnivores: American Marten, Fisher, Lynx and Wolverine in the Western United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-254. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 184 p. This cooperative effort by USDA Forest Service Research and the National Forest System assesses the state of knowledge related to the conservation status of four forest carnivores in the western United States: American marten, fisher, lynx, and wolverine. The conservation assessment reviews the biology and ecology of these species. It also discusses management considerations stemming from what is known and identifies information needed. Overall, we found huge knowledge gaps that make it difficult to evaluate the species’ conservation status. In the western United States, the forest carnivores in this assessment are limited to boreal forest ecosystems. These forests are characterized by extensive landscapes with a component of structurally complex, mesic coniferous stands that are characteristic of late stages of forest development. The center of the distrbution of this forest type, and of forest carnivores, is the vast boreal forest of Canada and Alaska. In the western conterminous 48 states, the distribution of boreal forest is less continuous and more isolated so that forest carnivores and their habitats are more fragmented at the southern limits of their ranges.
    [Show full text]
  • WDFW Washington State Recovery Plan for the Lynx
    STATE OF WASHINGTON March 2001 LynxLynx RecoveryRecovery PlanPlan by Derek Stinson Washington Department of FISH AND WILDLIFE Wildlife Program Wildlife Diversity Division WDFW 735 In 1990, the Washington Fish and Wildlife Commission adopted procedures for listing and delisting species as endangered, threatened, or sensitive and for writing recovery and management plans for listed species (WAC 232-12-297, Appendix C). The lynx was classified by the Washington Fish and Wildlife Commission as a threatened species in 1993 (Washington Administrative Code 232-12-011). The procedures, developed by a group of citizens, interest groups, and state and federal agencies, require that recovery plans be developed for species listed as threatened or endangered. Recovery, as defined by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, is “the process by which the decline of an endangered or threatened species is arrested or reversed, and threats to its survival are neutralized, so that its long-term survival in nature can be ensured.” This document summarizes the historic and current distribution and abundance of the lynx in Washington, describes factors affecting the population and its habitat, and prescribes strategies to recover the species in Washington. The draft state recovery plan for the lynx was reviewed by researchers and state and federal agencies. This review was followed by a 90 day public comment period. All comments received were considered in preparation of this final recovery plan. For additional information about lynx or other state listed species, contact: Manager, Endangered Species Section Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 600 Capitol Way N Olympia WA 98501-1091 This report should be cited as: Stinson, D.
    [Show full text]
  • Canada Lynx Petition To
    KRISTEN A. STILT KATHERINE A. MEYER Professor & Faculty Director Clinic Director CHRISTOPHER D. GREEN NICOLE E. NEGOWETTI Executive Director Clinical Instructor CEALLAIGH REDDY SARAH PICKERING Program Administrator Communications Manager PETITION To the Fish and Wildlife Service United States Department of the Interior May 13, 2021 To Revise the Special 4(d) Rule for Canada Lynx (lynx canadensis) to Rescind the Exceptions for the Captive Members of the Species Under the Endangered Species Act Lynx canadensis (photograph by the Fish and Wildlife Service) Prepared by Elizabeth MeLampy, J.D. Candidate Kate Barnekow, Clinical Fellow Katherine Meyer, Director Harvard Law School Animal Law & Policy Clinic TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 A. Petitioners ........................................................................................................................... 1 II. LEGAL BACKGROUND ................................................................................................... 2 A. The Endangered Species Act ............................................................................................. 2 B. The Canada Lynx Is Listed as a Threatened Species. ........................................................ 5 III. THE EXCEPTIONS FOR CAPTIVE CANADA LYNX ARE UNLAWFUL. .................. 6 A. Split-Listing Captive and Wild Members of a Species Exceeds the Service’s Authority Under the Act. ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Review 12-04 December 2012
    The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation Technical Review 12-04 December 2012 1 The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation The Wildlife Society and The Boone and Crockett Club Technical Review 12-04 - December 2012 Citation Organ, J.F., V. Geist, S.P. Mahoney, S. Williams, P.R. Krausman, G.R. Batcheller, T.A. Decker, R. Carmichael, P. Nanjappa, R. Regan, R.A. Medellin, R. Cantu, R.E. McCabe, S. Craven, G.M. Vecellio, and D.J. Decker. 2012. The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation. The Wildlife Society Technical Review 12-04. The Wildlife Society, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Series Edited by Theodore A. Bookhout Copy Edit and Design Terra Rentz (AWB®), Managing Editor, The Wildlife Society Lisa Moore, Associate Editor, The Wildlife Society Maja Smith, Graphic Designer, MajaDesign, Inc. Cover Images Front cover, clockwise from upper left: 1) Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) kittens removed from den for marking and data collection as part of a long-term research study. Credit: John F. Organ; 2) A mixed flock of ducks and geese fly from a wetland area. Credit: Steve Hillebrand/USFWS; 3) A researcher attaches a radio transmitter to a short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi) in Colorado’s Pawnee National Grassland. Credit: Laura Martin; 4) Rifle hunter Ron Jolly admires a mature white-tailed buck harvested by his wife on the family’s farm in Alabama. Credit: Tes Randle Jolly; 5) Caribou running along a northern peninsula of Newfoundland are part of a herd compositional survey. Credit: John F. Organ; 6) Wildlife veterinarian Lisa Wolfe assesses a captive mule deer during studies of density dependence in Colorado.
    [Show full text]
  • Lynx, the Snow Cat Others Being the Mountain Lion and the Bobcat
    ReturnReturn OfOf TheThe SnowSnow CatCat TheThe ReintroductionReintroduction OfOf LynxLynx ToTo ColoradoColorado Acknowledgments Funding for this project was provided by US Fish & Wildlife Service Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program Grant No R-11-1, Great Outdoors Colorado Trust Fund (GOCO), and the sportsmen of Colorado. The Colorado Division of Wildlife gratefully acknowledges the following individuals: Kevin S. McKelvey, USDA Forest Service, Field-test Educators: Rocky Mountain Research Station, Robert Lancaster, Walsh High School, Missoula, MT, for providing lynx occurrence Walsh, CO data from 1842 through 1998. Mark Little, Broomfield High School, Broomfield, CO For assistance in developing the field test: Lyn Neve, Swink High School, Swink, CO Anne Tweed, Senior Science Consultant, Camille Schiraldi, TH Pickens Technical McREL (Mid-continent Research for Center, Aurora, CO Education and Learning) Fran Sturgis, Adams City High School, Pam Van Scotter, Director, BSCS (Biological Commerce City, CO Sciences Curriculum Study) Center for Cherie Wyatt, Burlington Middle School, Curriculum Development. Burlington, CO Nicole Knapp, Science Educator, BSCS Debbie Yeager, Moffat County High School, Craig, CO Content Advisors and Reviewers: Graphic Design: Writers: Tanya Shenk, Senior Research Darren Eurich, State of Colorado Wendy Hanophy, DOW Biologist, Mammal Research Integrated Document Solutions (IDS) Jeff Keidel, Buena Vista High School, Jeff Rucks, Head of Education, DOW Buena Vista, CO Lisa Evans, Northeast Region Illustrations:
    [Show full text]