DOCSLIB.ORG

Electric Power Switching, Protection, and Control Solutions Table of Contents

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Electric Power Switching, Protection, and Control Solutions Table of Contents ELECTRIC POWER SWITCHING, PROTECTION, AND CONTROL SOLUTIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 Introduction AUTOMATION 6 IntelliRupter ® PulseCloser ® Fault Interrupter 10 TripSaver ® II Cutout-Mounted Recloser 12 VacuFuse™ Self-Resetting Interrupter 16 Scada-Mate ® Switching System 20 Scada-Mate CX™ Switching System 22 Scada-Mate® SD Switching System 24 Remote Supervisory & Source-Transfer Vista ® Underground Distribution Switchgear 26 Remote Supervisory & Source-Transfer PMH and PME Pad-Mounted Gear 28 High-Speed Fault-Clearing System 30 IntelliCap ® 2000 & IntelliCap ® Automatic Capacitor Control, IntelliNode™ Interface Module & 6801M Automatic Switch Operator 32 IPERC GridMaster ® Microgrid Control System SOFTWARE 34 IntelliTeam ® SG Automatic Restoration System 36 IntelliTeam ® FMS Feeder Management System 38 IntelliTeam ® CNMS Communication Network Management System COMMUNICATIONS 40 SpeedNet™ Radios & SpeedNet™ Cell Edge Gateway SERVICES 42 Analysis & Design 44 Project Execution 46 Post-Installation Support 47 Applications MEDIUM-VOLTAGE 48 PMH and PME Pad-Mounted Gear 56 Vista ® Underground Distribution Switchgear 60 Vista ® SD Underground Distribution Switchgear 64 System VI™ Switchgear 66 Custom Metal-Enclosed Switchgear 70 Fault Tamer ® Fuse Limiter 72 Type XS Fuse Cutouts 74 Positrol® Fuse Links 76 SMD-20 Power Fuses & SMD-40 Power Fuses 80 Loadbuster Disconnect ® Switch 82 Loadbuster ®—The S&C Loadbreak Tool 84 Regulator Bypass Switches & Recloser Bypass Disconnects 86 Omni-Rupter ® Switches & Alduti-Rupter ® Switches HIGH-VOLTAGE 94 SMD-1A, -2B, -2C, -3, and -50 Power Fuses 96 Circuit-Switchers 98 Trans-Rupter II ® Transformer Protector S C’S SMART GRID SOLUTIONS DEMONSTRATION CENTER 4 INTRODUCTION IMAGINE you have a time machine and It’s difficult to keep ahead of the curve you brought Alexander Graham Bell and and address these changes. Thomas Edison into the year 2019. If you S&C IS HERE TO HELP. We are applying showed Mr. Bell your smart phone, he our century-long heritage of innovation wouldn’t understand what he was looking to address the challenges facing today’s at. But if you took Mr. Edison outside and power grid. Our distribution automation showed him an electrical distribution systems are pushing the boundaries of system, he would have a pretty good idea reliability and reducing the duration of what he was seeing. That, however, is outages from hours to seconds—or to no quickly changing. outage at all. In the past decade, we have seen a Our solutions are designed to withstand tremendous shift in the way the electric the impacts of time and nature to help grid works, how it operates, and how keep the lights on for your customers. We consumers use electricity. understand the important role energy Reliability of power has seen an storage plays on the grid, having in excess increased focus as our day-to- of 49 projects totaling more than 189 day lives rely on electricity being MWh installed around the world. Our available at all times. The costs of award-winning microgrids are providing outages have been estimated at breakthroughs in how distributed more than $150 billion a year in generation resources, including energy the United States alone. storage, are managed by customers and the utility. Major weather events are increasing in frequency and To help you solve the challenges of today severity, requiring new ways to and tomorrow’s grid, our solutions are harden our electric grid and new backed by our S&C experts. These are methods to restore service as the men and women with the skills and quickly and safely as possible. know-how to help you plan and execute the solutions you need—from concept More than 1.8 GW of operational through completion. battery energy storage is tied to the grid today. Use of stored We have designed this catalog to help energy is playing an important you, too. It is designed to help you quickly role as utilities and others build reference the wide range of solutions microgrids backed by distributed S&C offers in our specialty of electric generation to improve power power switching, protection, and control. reliability. Keep this catalog as a reference when you are researching the solutions you need. Indeed, distributed generation and microgrids are creating unique Should you need more detail than is challenges for protecting and provided here, please visit sandc.com, controlling the power grid as loads or contact your local S&C and generation sources fall outside sales representative. of traditional operations. 5 ® ® INTELLIRUPTER PULSECLOSER FAULT INTERRUPTER The IntelliRupter® fault interrupter is a breakthrough in overhead and underground distribution system protection. It features revolutionary PulseClosing® Technology— a unique means for verifying the line is clear of faults before initiating a closing operation. PulseClosing Technology is superior to conventional reclosing. It greatly reduces stress on system components as well as voltage sags experienced by customers upstream of the fault. CONVENTIONAL RECLOSING PulseClosing Technology drastically reduces overcurrent stress on your system, as shown here for a phase-wire to PULSECLOSING TECHNOLOGY grounded-neutral fault. HANDLES ALL YOUR APPLICATION NEEDS FULLY COMPATIBLE WITH S&C'S INTELLITEAM® SG The IntelliRupter fault interrupter offers outstanding AUTOMATIC RESTORATION SYSTEM protection for systems through 38 kV. It features a The IntelliRupter fault interrupter can be readily integrated generous continuous-current capability of up to 800 into an S&C IntelliTeam® SG Automatic Restoration System amperes and a fault-interrupting rating of up to 16,000 (see page 34). After an IntelliRupter fault interrupter has amperes symmetrical. Models are available with or without isolated a fault, the IntelliTeam SG system makes full use an integrated, interlocked disconnect for visible air-gap of multiple sources to restore unfaulted line segments. isolation. All switching is performed internally for reliable The IntelliTeam SG system minimizes the number of all-weather operation. customers experiencing an extended power interruption, tremendously improving your System Average Interruption In standalone fault-interrupting applications, PulseClosing Duration Index. The IntelliTeam SG system can handle Technology enhances power quality by minimizing multiple contingencies, too. momentary interruptions. For example, on a radial circuit, the IntelliRupter fault interrupter can be configured so that The IntelliRupter fault interrupter is fully compatible with after one IntelliRupter fault interrupter opens to isolate a IntelliTeam SG Automatic Restoration System-equipped fault, those downstream of it open on loss of power and S&C Scada-Mate® Switching Systems, Scada-Mate CX™ send SCADA exception reports indicating the status and Switching Systems, Remote Supervisory PMH and PME reason for opening. When power returns, each IntelliRupter Pad-Mounted Gear, and Remote Supervisory Vista® fault interrupter uses PulseClosing Technology to verify Underground Distribution Switchgear. its line segment is unfaulted and then recloses to restore EASY UP – EASY ON service. It will never close into a fault. Cold-load inrush is mitigated because only one line segment is energized with IntelliRupter fault interrupters are totally self-contained. All each closing. No communication system is required to take major components—including current and voltage sensors advantage of inrush mitigation. and the control group, surge arresters, control power, and disconnect, if furnished—go up in one easy lift. The embedded high-accuracy sensors eliminate the cost, clutter, and complexity of separately mounted sensors. There’s no control enclosure or control cable to install, either. 6 AUTOMATION 38 - kV Disconnect Style IntelliRupter PulseCloser Fault Interrupter in Upright-Crossarm Mounting Configuration Optional Integrated voltage sensors on both sides Integrated Integral power Integrated disconnect factory- of IntelliRupter fault interrupters— pole-mounting module—fed from one with optional wildlife installed and provide ±0.5% sensing accuracy across bracket—easy side of an IntelliRupter protection—provides visible wired surge the entire operating temperature range; installation; fault interrupter or, air-gap isolation for dead-line arresters integrated current sensors provide prevents tilting optionally, two integral work and facilitates operational unparalleled accuracy with +/-0.5% for power modules can testing; mechanically metering and critical-system analysis and be fed from a different interlocked with interrupters 2.0% for fault-current levels phase on each side Disconnect OPEN/ CLOSE lever Interrupter OPEN/ CLOSE/ Control group—features hookstick- READY removable protection and control Stainless steel Interrupter OPEN/CLOSE indicator lever—for module and communication module; base—provides on each phase—large and uses manually a multi-function status light indicates outstanding reflective materials for easy viewing, opening the control group is operating corrosion resistance, day or night; it’s attached directly to and closing Hot-line tag lever— normally, and a hot-line tag light even in the harshest the operating rod—no complicated interrupters for setting and indicates “set” tag environments linkages to break releasing tags for energized line work Ground-trip INTELLIRUPTER FAULT INTERRUPTER block lever—for 60-Hz Ratings—50-Hz Ratings in Parentheses temporarily blocking kV Amperes, RMS ground overcurrent- protection elements Min Max BIL Cont.① Interrupting
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GOWANUS GENERATING STATION GOWANUS REPOWERING PROJECT PRELIMINARY SCOPING STATEMENT Astoria Generating Company, L.P. Brooklyn, K
    ASTORIA GENERATING COMPANY, L.P. May 2019 GOWANUS GENERATING STATION GOWANUS REPOWERING PROJECT PRELIMINARY SCOPING STATEMENT Astoria Generating Company, L.P. Brooklyn, Kings County, New York New York State Siting Board on Electric Generation Siting and the Environment Case Number – 18-F-0758 Preliminary Scoping Statement Case No. 18-F-0758 Prepared By: Astoria Generating Company, L.P. Gowanus Generating Station 420 2nd Avenue P.O. Box 658 Brooklyn, New York 11232 Tel: 1-833-617-9547 Email: [email protected] Submitted to: New York State Department of Public Service Empire State Plaza Agency Building 3 Albany, NY 12223 and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Region 2 4740 21st Street Long Island City, NY 11101 Preliminary Scoping Statement Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. vii 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1‐1 1.1 Organization of the PSS ................................................................................................... 1‐1 2. Project Description ............................................................................................................... 2‐1 2.1 Description of the Applicant & Applicant Information .................................................... 2‐1 2.1.1 Website ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Vacuum Recloser 3AD HG 11.42 · Edition 2018 Medium-Voltage Equipment
    Catalog Siemens Vacuum Recloser 3AD HG 11.42 · Edition 2018 Medium-Voltage Equipment siemens.com/recloser R-HG11-339.tif 2 Siemens Vacuum Recloser 3AD · Siemens HG 11.42 · 2018 Contents Contents Page Siemens Vacuum Description 5 Recloser 3AD General 6 Switch unit 7 1 Controller 7SR224 9 Medium-Voltage Equipment Controller 7SC80 14 Catalog HG 11.42 · 2018 Special functions and applications 19 Standards, ambient conditions, altitude correction factor and number of operating cycles 20 Invalid: Catalog HG 11.42 · 2016 Product range overview 21 Scope of delivery 22 siemens.com/recloser Product Selection 25 Ordering data and configuration example 26 Selection of primary ratings 27 2 Selection of controller 30 Selection of additional equipment 34 Selection of accessories and spare parts 35 Additional components for increased performance 37 3EK7 specifications according to IEC 38 3EK8 specifications according to IEEE 39 3EK7 / 3EK8 surge arresters 40 Technical Data 41 Electrical data, dimensions and weights: Voltage level 12 kV 42 3 Voltage level 15.5 kV 42 Voltage level 24 kV 43 Voltage level 27 kV 44 Voltage level 38 kV 45 Dimension drawings 46 Annex 51 Inquiry form 52 Configuration instructions 53 4 Configuration aid Foldout page The products and systems described in this catalog are manufactured and sold according to a certified management system (acc. to ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and BS OHSAS 18001). Siemens Vacuum Recloser 3AD · Siemens HG 11.42 · 2018 3 R-HG11-300.tif 4 Siemens Vacuum Recloser 3AD · Siemens HG 11.42 · 2018 Description Contents
    [Show full text]
  • Trends in Electricity Prices During the Transition Away from Coal by William B
    May 2021 | Vol. 10 / No. 10 PRICES AND SPENDING Trends in electricity prices during the transition away from coal By William B. McClain The electric power sector of the United States has undergone several major shifts since the deregulation of wholesale electricity markets began in the 1990s. One interesting shift is the transition away from coal-powered plants toward a greater mix of natural gas and renewable sources. This transition has been spurred by three major factors: rising costs of prepared coal for use in power generation, a significant expansion of economical domestic natural gas production coupled with a corresponding decline in prices, and rapid advances in technology for renewable power generation.1 The transition from coal, which included the early retirement of coal plants, has affected major price-determining factors within the electric power sector such as operation and maintenance costs, 1 U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS capital investment, and fuel costs. Through these effects, the decline of coal as the primary fuel source in American electricity production has affected both wholesale and retail electricity prices. Identifying specific price effects from the transition away from coal is challenging; however the producer price indexes (PPIs) for electric power can be used to compare general trends in price development across generator types and regions, and can be used to learn valuable insights into the early effects of fuel switching in the electric power sector from coal to natural gas and renewable sources. The PPI program measures the average change in prices for industries based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
    [Show full text]
  • ELECTRIC POWER | April 14-17 2020 | Denver, CO | Electricpowerexpo.Com
    Presented by: EXPERIENCE POWER ELECTRIC POWER | April 14-17 2020 | Denver, CO | electricpowerexpo.com 36006 MAKE CHANGE HAPPEN ON THE alteRED POWER LANDSCAPE! The global power sector is undergoing dramatic changes, driven by many economic, technological and efficiency factors. Rapid reductions in the cost of solar and wind technologies have led to their widespread adoption. To accommodate soaring shares of these variable forms of generation, innovations have also emerged to increase supply-side, demand-side, grid, and storage flexibility. ELECTRIC POWER is the ONLY event providing real-world, actionable content year-round in print, online, and in person that can be applied immediately at your facility, and it’s your best opportunity to discover, learn and make change happen within your organization. OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE | BUSINESS MANAGEMENT | ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES | SYSTEM DESIGN It’s the conference I make it a point to attend every year. All of the programs really provide an opportunity for the “ attendees to go back to their plant the very next week and look at something a different way or try“ out a new process or procedure. It’s been a great opportunity to make contacts and meet new vendors and suppliers of goods and services and has opened up the opportunity for everyone to exchange information and facts. Melanie Green, Sr. Director — Power Generation, CPS Energy CO-locATED EVENTS ENERGY PROVIDERS COALITION FOR EDUCATION ELECTRIC POWER | April 14-17 2020 | Denver, CO | electricpowerexpo.com WHY EXHIBIT & SPONSOR? • BRANDING • BUILD RELATIONSHIPS/NETWORKING • THOUGHT LEADERSHIP • DRIVE SALES 2200 700 38 100+ 85% Attendees Conference Delegates Countries End-User Companies of attendees are from the top 20 U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Medium-Voltage Vacuum Generator Circuit Breaker Switchgear
    Medium-voltage vacuum generator circuit breaker switchgear Siemens offers a fully customizable • Uses the latest developments in • Significantly lower life cycle costs stationary type vacuum generator vacuum interrupter axial-magnetic due to: circuit breaker switchgear tested to field (AMF) technology • Reduced inspection and IEEE C37.013. Each design is engineered • Highly reliable vacuum interrupters – maintenance costs to meet the specific electrical and MTTF over 50,000 years mechanical application requirements • Maintenance-free, stored- of the project. • Highly reliable spring-drive energy (spring) operator. operating mechanism due to use of • All medium-voltage switching • Optional start-up disconnector for common type 3AH3 operator components, including the vacuum connection to SFC platform generator circuit breaker, are • Connections to generator and mounted on a removable, fully- • Over 120,000 type 3AH3 operators step-up transformer using isolated- integrated, compact switching produced since 1998 and over phase bus (not furnished) module for each pole 25,000 operators produced per year • Current and voltage transformers • Continuous current ratings of available to suit specifications 6,300 A, 8,000 A, 10,000 A, • 10,000 continuous current and 12,500 self-cooled switching operations • Surge arresters and surge capacitors optionally available. • Interrupting ratings of 80 kA • Complete switchgear shipped as and 100 kA one final-assembled unit • Maximum design voltage up to 24 kV • Tested to IEEE C37.013 standard for generator
    [Show full text]
  • Innovation to Reality-Introducing State-Of-The-Art Protection And
    INNOVATION TO REALITY – INTRODUCING STATE-OF-THE-ART PROTECTION AND MONITORING TO EXISTING LOW-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR Sherwood Reber Michael Pintar Christopher Eaves Lafarge North America General Electric General Electric Abstract – A large array of components with communications capabilities exists for constructing I. INTRODUCTION protection, monitoring, and control systems for A. Background power distribution equipment (switchgear). While most of these components or devices perform Communicating devices and associated multiple functions, a typical application will contain networks are increasingly common in electrical at least several different devices that must be power distribution equipment. The networks interconnected to function as a complete system. provide the important connection among individual An example might be multifunction meters coupled devices, such as trip units, meters, and protective with multifunction protective relays, and a relays, for gathering and reporting critical power programmable logic controller for a complete system information. In low-voltage power systems system. Could it be possible to take the functions (600 V and below), a network of communicating of multiple microprocessor-based devices and devices can provide supervisory control functions, combine those functions into a single-processor gather substation electrical data, and report event system? Would the new system be able to status to a central control computer. execute instructions for fast acting overcurrent protection while gathering simultaneous
    [Show full text]
  • Electricalpocketguide Booklet.Pdf
    P O C K E T GUIDE Electrical Energy 101 Providing technical leadership for the telecommunications industry and serving its members through professional development, standards, certification and information. Join today - www.scte.org Alpha Pocket Guide Electrical Energy 101 Copyright © 2012 Alpha Technologies Inc. All Rights Reserved. Alpha is a registered trademark of Alpha Technologies. Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of Alpha is strictly forbidden. For more information, contact Alpha. Trademarks The capabilities, system requirements and/or compatibility with third-party products described herein are subject to change without notice. Alpha, the Alpha Logo, , CableUPS® are all trademarks of Alpha Technologies Inc. All other trade names and product names herein, including those related to third party products and services are trademarks of their respective owners. Information on trademarks used in this reference book are listed below. ANSI® is a registered trademark of the American Standards Institute. NEMA® is a registered trademark of the National Electric Manufacturers Association. The National Electric Code® is a registered trademark. NFPA 70®, NFPA 78® is a registered trademark of the National Fire Protection Association, Inc. Contents and specifications in this reference book are subject to change without notice. Alpha reserves the right to change the content as circumstances may warrant. Alpha Technologies Inc., a member of The Alpha Group, provides the communications industry with the most reliable, technologically advanced and cost-effective powering solutions available. Alpha offers innovative powering solutions that are designed for the future, built to support expansion and provide unlimited opportunity. Widely used in cable television, communications and data networks worldwide, Alpha products have earned a reputation for reliability and performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Power Grid Failure
    Power grid failure Presentation by: Sourabh Kothari Department of Electrical Engineering, CDSE Introduction • A power grid is an interconnected network of transmission lines for supplying electricity from power suppliers to consumers. Any disruptions in the network causes power outages. India has five regional grids that carry electricity from power plants to respective states in the country. • Electric power is normally generated at 11-25kV and then stepped-up to 400kV, 220kV or 132kV for high voltage lines through long distances and deliver the power into a common power pool called the grid. • The grid is connected to load centers (cities) through a sub- transmission network of normally 33kV lines which terminate into a 33kV (or 66kV) substation, where the voltage is stepped-down to 11kV for power distribution through a distribution network at 11kV and lower. • The 3 distinct operation of a power grid are:- 1. Power generation 2. Power transmission 3. Power distribution. Structure of Grids Operations of Power grids • Electricity generation - Generating plants are located near a source of water, and away from heavily populated areas , are large and electric power generated is stepped up to a higher voltage-at which it connects to the transmission network. • Electric power transmission - The transmission network will move the power long distances–often across state lines, and sometimes across international boundaries, until it reaches its wholesale customer. • Electricity distribution - Upon arrival at the substation, the power will be stepped down in voltage—to a distribution level voltage. As it exits the substation, it enters the distribution wiring. Finally, upon arrival at the service location, the power is stepped down again from the distribution voltage to the required service voltage.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydroelectric Power -- What Is It? It=S a Form of Energy … a Renewable Resource
    INTRODUCTION Hydroelectric Power -- what is it? It=s a form of energy … a renewable resource. Hydropower provides about 96 percent of the renewable energy in the United States. Other renewable resources include geothermal, wave power, tidal power, wind power, and solar power. Hydroelectric powerplants do not use up resources to create electricity nor do they pollute the air, land, or water, as other powerplants may. Hydroelectric power has played an important part in the development of this Nation's electric power industry. Both small and large hydroelectric power developments were instrumental in the early expansion of the electric power industry. Hydroelectric power comes from flowing water … winter and spring runoff from mountain streams and clear lakes. Water, when it is falling by the force of gravity, can be used to turn turbines and generators that produce electricity. Hydroelectric power is important to our Nation. Growing populations and modern technologies require vast amounts of electricity for creating, building, and expanding. In the 1920's, hydroelectric plants supplied as much as 40 percent of the electric energy produced. Although the amount of energy produced by this means has steadily increased, the amount produced by other types of powerplants has increased at a faster rate and hydroelectric power presently supplies about 10 percent of the electrical generating capacity of the United States. Hydropower is an essential contributor in the national power grid because of its ability to respond quickly to rapidly varying loads or system disturbances, which base load plants with steam systems powered by combustion or nuclear processes cannot accommodate. Reclamation=s 58 powerplants throughout the Western United States produce an average of 42 billion kWh (kilowatt-hours) per year, enough to meet the residential needs of more than 14 million people.
    [Show full text]
  • Electrical Balance of Plant Solutions for Power Generation
    GE Grid Solutions Electrical Balance of Plant Solutions for Power Generation g imagination at work Today’s Environment Todays power plants, whether heavy duty gas turbines, a distributed mobile “power plant on wheels”, or a remote wind farm, are becoming increasingly complex, especially when connecting different disparate systems seamlessly together. This is resulting in increasing industry challenges including: Demand Management Emergency Power Supplementing power to the grid for peak Support during natural disasters due to shaving or managing seasonal demands. unpredictable global weather patterns as well as support in politically volatile regions of the world. Constraint Management Regulatory Environment Overcoming generation constraints with Rapidly changing regulations, standards and impact increasing demand. on grid stability due to a variety of power generation sources on the grid. Back-up Power Power Quality Supporting maintenance, overhauls, or Managing changed network load profiles, larger outages at power plants. switched or dynamic loads, missing or overloaded interconnections. Rural Demand Energy Savings Population growth in large cities creating Reduce production cost through energy savings and increase in electrification of rural areas. increase process efficiency. With one of the largest installed base of turbine generators in the world, coupled with more than a century of experience delivering innovative, high voltage solutions in generation, transmission, and distribution networks, GE helps utilities solve these challenges with its versatile and robust suite of solutions for Electrical Balance of Plant (EBoP) applications offering best-in-class manufactured products with engineering and installation services. Providing a broad range of solutions to suit customer’s specific EBoP requirements, GE’s solutions are designed with scalability in mind to support a large scope of projects ranging from heavy duty turbine generation to hydro pump storage, renewable wind and solar applications.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is US Electricity Generation by Energy Source
    What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source? - FAQ - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - Independent Statistics and Analysis Li FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source? On This Page: In 2012, the United States generated about 4,054 billion kilowatthours of electricity. About 68% of the electricity Coal generated was from fossil fuel (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), with 37% attributed from coal. Conversion & Equivalents Energy sources and percent share of total electricity generation in 2012 were: Crude Oil Coal 37% Natural Gas 30% Diesel Nuclear 19% Hydropower 7% Electricity Other Renewable 5% Biomass 1.42% Environment Geothermal 0.41% Solar 0.11% Gasoline Wind 3.46% Petroleum 1% General Energy Other Gases < 1% Natural Gas Learn more: Nuclear Monthly Energy Review Prices Last updated: May 9, 2013 Renewables OTHER FAQS ABOUT ELECTRICITY Can I choose the electricity supplier where I live? Can I generate and sell electricity to an electric utility? Full list of upcoming reports Does EIA have city or county-level energy consumption and price data? Sign up for email notifications Does EIA have county-level energy production data? Does EIA have data on each power plant in the United States? Get the What's New RSS feed Does EIA have data on the costs for electricity transmission and distribution? Does EIA have electricity prices by state? Does EIA have information on the service territories of U.S. electric utilities? Does EIA have maps or information on the location of electric power plants and transmission lines in the United States? Didn't find the answer to your Does EIA have projections for energy production, consumption, and prices for individual states? question? Ask an energy expert! Does EIA publish data on peak or hourly electricity generation, demand, and prices? Does EIA publish electric utility rate, tariff, and demand charge data? How is electricity used in U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Basics in Low Voltage Distribution Equipment
    Thought leadership White paper Basics in low voltage distribution equipment Mark Rumpel Basics of electricity generation Product line manager Eaton In the U.S., as elsewhere, electricity has historically been generated from precious natural resources including coal, oil or natural gas. Nuclear energy and hydropower innovations advanced electrical Executive summary generation capabilities at the end of the 20th century. Today, Depending on their unique needs, multi-family, commercial and alternative and renewable fuels such as geothermal energy, wind industrial sites typically rely upon either low or medium voltage power, biomass and solar energy are gradually becoming more service entrance equipment to control or cut off the electrical readily available; these sources are popular both for their higher supply of their buildings from a single point. Low voltage efficiency and long-term sustainability. distribution equipment typically operates at less than 600 volts; Once harvested, natural resources and mechanical energy sources in contrast, medium voltage equipment affords a wider range must first be converted into electrical energy to make it transmis- of 600 to 38,000 volts. sible and usable. Power plants complete this function using steam This paper provides a basic overview of the definitions, turbines. components, applications and other details associated Water is heated in a massive boiler to produce steam, which is used with low voltage distribution equipment. It covers electrical to turn a series of blades mounted on a shaft turbine. The force of panelboards, switchboards and switchgear operating at the steam rotates a shaft connected to a generator. The spinning 600 volts alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) or below.
    [Show full text]