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Thai-English Code-Mixing in Thai Reality Television Shows: the Face Thailand Season

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Thai-English Code-Mixing in Thai Reality Television Shows: the Face Thailand Season St. Cloud State University theRepository at St. Cloud State Culminating Projects in English Department of English 5-2018 Thai-English Code-Mixing in Thai Reality Television Shows: The aF ce Thailand Season Two and The aF ce Men Thailand Season One Ekkarat Ruanglertsilp St. Cloud State University Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/engl_etds Recommended Citation Ruanglertsilp, Ekkarat, "Thai-English Code-Mixing in Thai Reality Television Shows: The aF ce Thailand Season Two and The aF ce Men Thailand Season One" (2018). Culminating Projects in English. 116. https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/engl_etds/116 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of English at theRepository at St. Cloud State. It has been accepted for inclusion in Culminating Projects in English by an authorized administrator of theRepository at St. Cloud State. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Thai-English Code-Mixing in Thai Reality Television Shows: The Face Thailand Season Two and The Face Men Thailand Season One by Ekkarat Ruanglertsilp A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Saint Cloud State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Teaching English as a Second Language May, 2018 Thesis Committee: Edward Sadrai, Chairperson Choonkyong Kim Marla Kanengieter-Wildeson 2 Abstract This study examines the linguistic phenomena of Thai and English code-mixing on Thai modeling competition reality television shows: The Face Thailand season two and The Face Men Thailand season one. These two shows were chosen because of their higher frequency in the number of code-mixing by bilingual individuals on the shows compared to other Thai reality television shows. The study investigates the relationships of gender and role of the bilingual cast members with the incidences of code-mixing. This is to gain insight into whether the male cast members code-mixed more frequently than the female cast members, and whether the cast members who have the roles of mentor code-mixed more frequently than those who have the roles of contestants. With regard to the investigation, recorded data from each of the reality television shows was collected from the first five episodes, standardized, and analyzed with statistical independent sample T-test. The results revealed that female cast members have a higher number of code-mixing incidents than their male counterparts. However, statistics showed that this number is statistically insignificant. In terms of roles, the results revealed that the mentors code-mixed more frequently than the contestants and the number is statistically significant. These results provided support which both conform to and challenge the existing literature done by a number of researchers in the field. The results also suggested possible reasons which explain why the bilingual cast members on the shows employed the switching between Thai and English in their conversations. Keywords: Code-mixing, language and gender, reality television shows, Thai-English code- mixing 3 Acknowledgement First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my thesis chairperson, Dr. Edward Sadrai, for being my valuable source of advice, knowledge, and inspiration on the linguistic topic of code-switching and code-mixing. I would also like to acknowledge the rest of my thesis committee for their guidance and constructive feedbacks. I would like to thank Dr. Choonkyong Kim for specifically assisting me develop a sound statistical analysis in this study. I am also grateful for Dr. Marla Kanengieter-Wildeson for her constructive comments from a rhetoric point of view, and her time to be on my thesis committee. Further, I thank all my friends and colleagues for their endless support and their confidence in my Master’s study accomplishment. Finally, I would like to express my utterly profound appreciation to my parents who had always been my great moral and emotional support throughout my time at Saint Cloud State University. This educational success would not have been possible without them. 4 Table of Contents Page List of Tables ...........................................................................................................................7 Chapter I: Introduction ...........................................................................................................................8 II: Literature Review .................................................................................................................11 History of English Language in Thailand .....................................................................11 English Language in Thai Media ..................................................................................12 English Language in Thai Radio and Television ..............................................12 Language Contact .........................................................................................................13 Bilingualism ..................................................................................................................14 The Sociology of Bilingualism .........................................................................14 Code-Mixing and Code-Switching ...............................................................................15 Code-Switching and Borrowing ...................................................................................17 Factors Influencing Code-Switching ............................................................................18 Domains of Language Use ............................................................................................21 Non-Standard Form of Language, Code-Switching, and Gender .................................22 Communities of Practice ...............................................................................................24 Language and Gender ...................................................................................................25 The Study of Language and Gender .................................................................25 Women’s Speech Features ................................................................................27 Men’s Speech Features .....................................................................................28 Prestige in Language Contact Situation ........................................................................29 5 Chapter Page Reality TV Shows .........................................................................................................29 Art and Reality ..............................................................................................................30 Research Questions .......................................................................................................31 III: Methodology .......................................................................................................................33 Source of Data...............................................................................................................33 Research Materials ........................................................................................................34 Procedures .....................................................................................................................34 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................36 IV: Research Findings...............................................................................................................38 Female Cast ...................................................................................................................38 Male Cast ......................................................................................................................41 Comparison of Female Cast and Male Cast ..................................................................44 Statistic Comparison Between Female and Male Casts ................................................46 Statistical Test of Female and Male Casts ........................................................46 Statistical Test of Mentors and Contestants ......................................................47 Domains of Language Use ............................................................................................48 V: Discussions ..........................................................................................................................55 Cast Gender and Code-Mixing Frequency ...................................................................55 Community of Practice (Thai Modeling Reality Television Shows)............................58 Role and Code-Mixing Frequency ................................................................................58 Female Cast ...................................................................................................................59 Female Cast’s Code-Mixing and Occasion .......................................................60 6 Chapter Page Rare Pattern within Female Cast .......................................................................61 Female Cast’s Code-Mixing Patterns ...............................................................62 Female Cast’s Code-Mixing Lexemes in Domains of Language Use ..............64 Male Cast ......................................................................................................................66
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