THE CODE-SWITCHING DONE BY THAI AND INDONESIAN VLOGGERS

THESIS

By: WIDAD HASSANEE 201510100311226

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2019

i

THE CODE-SWITCHING DONE BY THAI AND INDONESIAN VLOGGERS

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Language Education

By: WIDAD HASSANEE 201510100311226

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2019

i

ii

iii

Motto and Dedication

Trust in God but tie your camel

-Prophet Muhammad PBUH-

Sometimes, you fail. It’s not because you’re bad but it's not your time.

-Widad Hassanee-

Dedication

This thesis is dedicated to:

My big warm-hearted family

My adored friends, Kurnia S Safi, Maghfiroh Agustin, all my beloved Indonesian friends of English dept. 2015 (E class) and my lovely all Thai friends in UMM

Thanks a lot for your love and support

iv

v

vi

vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Approval ...... ii Mottos And Dedications ...... iv Letter of Authenticity ...... v Abstract ...... vi Acknowledgements ...... vii Table of Contents ...... viii List of Table ...... ix List of Appendices ...... x

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research Background...... 1 1.2 Research Problem ...... 4 1.3 Research Objectives ...... 5 1.4 Scope and Limitation ...... 5 1.5 Research Significance ...... 5 1.6 Definition of Key terms ...... 6 CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Sociolinguistics ...... 8 2.2 Code ...... 9 2.3 Code-switching ...... 10 2.3.1 Definition of code-switching...... 10 2.3.2 Type of code-switching ...... 11 2.4 Code-switching and Code-mixing...... 14 2.5 Recent Study ...... 14 2.6 English Language in Indonesia ...... 16 2.7 English Language in Thailand ...... 16 2.8 Vlog ...... 18 CHAPTER III: Research Method 3.1 Research Design ...... 19 3.2 Research Subjects...... 20 3.3 Research Instruments ...... 21 3.4 Data Collection...... 23 3.5 Data Analysis ...... 23 CHAPTER IV: FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Research Finding ...... 25 4.2 Discussion ...... 37 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion ...... 40 5.2 Suggestion ...... 41

REFERENCES ...... 42 APPENDICES ...... 45

viii

LIST OF TABLE

Table 1- The process of using instrument ...... 22 Table 2- The Use of Tag Switching Done by Indonesian Vloggers ...... 26 Table 3- The Use of Inter-sentential Switching Done by Indonesian Vloggers ... 27 Table 4- The Use of Intra-sentential Switching Done by Indonesian Vloggers ... 29 Table 5- The Use of Inter-sentential Switching Done by Thai Vloggers ...... 31 Table 6- The Use of Intra-sentential Switching Done by Thai Vloggers ...... 33 Table 7- The Use of CS by Indonesian and Thai Vloggers ...... 35

ix

LIST OF APPENDIX

Appendix 1- Code-switching statements found in research ...... 46 Appendix 2- Transcription from vlogs ...... 50

x

REFERENCES

Abdul-zahra, S. (2010). Code-Switching in Language : An Applied Study, 21(1), 283–296. Al-azzawi, Q. O., Saadoon, M. M., & Mahdi, H. H. (2017). Code-Switching and Code-Mixing. University of Babylon. Arnfast, J. S., & Jorgensen, J. N. (2003). Code-switching as a communication, learning, and social negotiation strategy in first-year learners of Danish. International Journal of Applied Linguistics,13(1), 23-53.

Bailey, J. (2008). First steps in qualitative data analysis : transcribing, (November 2007), 127–131. Basnight-brown, D. M., & Altarriba, J. (2016). Code -Switching and Code -Mixing in Bilinguals: cognitive, developmental, and empirical approaches, (January 2007), 69–89. Brook, J. (2011). The Affordances of YouTube for Language Learning and Teaching Jennifer Brook What is YouTube ?, 9, 37–56. Cheha, A. (2017). The use of code-switching in instagram and facebook by thai students in university of muhammadiyah malang (umm) (Unpublished bachelor’s thesis). University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia. Coupland, N. & Jaworski A. (1997). Sociolinguistics A Reader and Coursebook. London: Macmillan Press LTD. Fielding, R. (2015) Multilingualism in the Australian suburbs: a framework for exploring bilingual identity. Retrieved from http://books.google.com Frobenius, M. (2014). Audience design in monologues : How vloggers involve their viewers. Journal of Pragmatics, 1–14. doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2014.02.008 Gao, W., Tian, Y., Huang, T., & Yang, Q. (2010). Vlogging: A survey of videoblogging technology on the web. ACM Computing Surveys, 14(5), 62. doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8365.1980.tb00071.x Giannakos, M. N., Chorianopoulos, K., & Chrisochoides, N. (2015). Making Sense of Video Analytics : Lessons Learned from Clickstream Interactions , Attitudes , and Learning Outcome in a Video-Assisted Course, 16(1), 260–283. Heeti, N. Al, & Abdely, A. Al. (2016). Types and functions of code-switching in the English language used by Iraqi doctors in formal settings. International Journal of Advanced Research and Review, 1(8), 10–18. Helen, L. (1993). Descriptive Research, 10(4), 154–157.

xi

Herk, G. V. ( 2012) . What is sociolinguistics? 1st edition. United Kingdom, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. Hiranburana, K. (2017). Use of English in the Thai workplace. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 38(1), 31–38. doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2015.10.002 Kim, E. (2006). Reasons and Motivations for Code-Mixing and Code-Switching. Issues in EFL, 4(1), 43-61 Lapadat, J. C., & C. Lindsay, A. (2012). Transcription in Research and Practice: From Standardization of Technique to Interpretive Positionings. Qualitative Inquiry, (November), 64–86. https://doi.org/10.1177/107780049900500104 Marian V. & Shook A. (2012). The Cognitive Benefits of Being Bilingual. Retrieved November 10, 2018, from The Dana Foundation. http://dana.org/Cerebrum/2012/The_Cognitive_Benefits_of_Being_Bilingual/ Mason, J. (2002). Qualitative Researching. (M. Rules, Ed.), SAGE Publications (Second Edi). Miles, M., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). An Expanded Sourcebook Qualitative Data Analysis. (R. Holland, Ed.), SAGE Publication (Second Edi). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715001245 Nilep, C. (2006). “ Code Switching ” in Sociocultural Linguistics, 19(June), 1–22. Peredaryenko, M. S., & Krauss, S. E. (2013). Calibrating the Human Instrument : Understanding the Interviewing Experience of Novice Qualitative Researchers Calibrating the Human Instrument : Understanding the Interviewing, 18(43), 1– 17. Prasongporn, P., & Ph, D. (n.d.). English Education at Primary Level in Thailand, 1– 11. Pratika, D. (2016). the Sound Changing of English Loanwords in Indonesian, (December). Qurniawanti, M. (2018). An analysis of code switching in instagram caption used by English language education department student of university of muhammadiyah malang (Unpublished bachelor’s thesis). University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia.

Reswari, G. P. A. (2018). Teaching English in the KTSP Curriculum and 2013 Curriculum Simultaneously: A Case Study of “A Senior High School in Semarang”, Central Java, Indonesia. Ruanglertsilp, E. (2018). Thai-English Code-Mixing in Thai Reality Television Shows : The Face Thailand Season Two and The Face Men Thailand Season One.

xii

Sangprem, N. (2015). Teacher’s Code Switching And Its Perception among Thai Teachers and Thai Students in an Intensive English Program. Thammasat University. Sumra, Z. (2017). Section 1 : Introduction to Codeswitching, (June), 8–10. Trimble, C. (2015). Why online video is the future of content marketing. Article on The Guardian 30 July 2015. Retrieved . Retrieved November 10, 2018, from http://www.theguardian.com/small-business- network/2014/jan/14/videocontent-marketing-media-online

Tube_reader (June 11, 2017). A Brief history of Vlogging on YouTube. [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://tube-reporter.com/2017/06/11/a-brief-history-of- vlogging-on-youtube/

Wardhaugh, R. (2006). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Australia: Blackwell. Williams, J. P. (2014). Nonparticipant observation. In L. M. Given (Ed.), Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods,. Sage. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265280500_Nonparticipant_observati on%0D Yusuf, Y. Q., & Fata, I. A. (2018). Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences Types of Indonesian-English code-switching employed in a novel. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 2–7. doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2018.02.004

xiii