Shils and the Intellectuals Jefferson D. Pooley Muhlenberg College
[email protected] jeffpooley.com This is a post-peer-review version of the chapter. The final authenticated version is available online at https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526120069.00014. Jefferson Pooley. “Shils and the Intellectuals.” In The Calling of Social Thought: Rediscovering the Work of Edward Shils, edited by Christopher Adair-Toteff and Stephen Turner, 171–190. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526120069.00014 Shils and the Intellectuals Jefferson Pooley, Muhlenberg College,
[email protected] doi Introduction No topic so consistently preoccupied Edward Shils, at every stage of his career, as the intellectual. Most of his reflections con- cerned the intellectual’s fraught relationship with the societies that harbour them. This chapter traces Edward Shils’ distinctive con- ception of the intellectual—as indispensable to, but all too often an opponent of, social order. During his undergraduate years in the late 1920s, Shils had already become fascinated with, and repulsed by, the tendency that he observed among intellectuals to despise their own societies. His aversion to intellectual disloyalty was a constant throughout his adult life, though his specifically ‘Shilsian’ take on the intellectual and his society would only cohere, in a sophisticated, original, and consistent way, in the 1950s. This chapter reconstructs Shils’ encounter with the downcast intel- lectual, first as a precocious reader of Gustave Flaubert, Hippolyte Taine, Hendrik de Man, Robert Michels, and, above all, Georges Sorel. It was Sorel’s chiliastic politics of heroic violence which, in its purist clarity, helped disclose the transcendent moral impulse that, to varying degrees, leads intellectuals to judge their societies harshly.