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Negroes Are Different in Dixie: the Press, Perception, and Negro League Baseball in the Jim Crow South, 1932 by Thomas Aiello Research Essay ______
NEGROES ARE DIFFERENT IN DIXIE: THE PRESS, PERCEPTION, AND NEGRO LEAGUE BASEBALL IN THE JIM CROW SOUTH, 1932 BY THOMAS AIELLO RESEARCH ESSAY ______________________________________________ “Only in a Negro newspaper can a complete coverage of ALL news effecting or involving Negroes be found,” argued a Southern Newspaper Syndicate advertisement. “The good that Negroes do is published in addition to the bad, for only by printing everything fit to read can a correct impression of the Negroes in any community be found.”1 Another argued that, “When it comes to Negro newspapers you can’t measure Birmingham or Atlanta or Memphis Negroes by a New York or Chicago Negro yardstick.” In a brief section titled “Negroes Are Different in Dixie,” the Syndicate’s evaluation of the Southern and Northern black newspaper readers was telling: Northern Negroes may ordain it indecent to read a Negro newspaper more than once a week—but the Southern Negro is more consolidated. Necessity has occasioned this condition. Most Southern white newspapers exclude Negro items except where they are infamous or of a marked ridiculous trend… While his northern brother is busily engaged in ‘getting white’ and ruining racial consciousness, the Southerner has become more closely knit.2 The advertisement was designed to announce and justify the Atlanta World’s reformulation as the Atlanta Daily World, making it the first African-American daily. This fact alone probably explains the advertisement’s “indecent” comment, but its “necessity” argument seems far more legitimate.3 For example, the 1932 Monroe Morning World, a white daily from Monroe, Louisiana, provided coverage of the black community related almost entirely to crime and church meetings. -
Minneapolis-St. Paul News Coverage of Minority Communities
Minnesota Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Minneapolis-St. Paul News Coverage of Minority Communities December 2003 A report of the Minnesota Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights prepared for the information and consideration of the Commission. Statements and observations in this report should not be attributed to the Commission, but only to participants at the community forum or the Advisory Committee. The United States Commission on Civil Rights The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights is an independent, bipartisan agency established by Congress in 1957, reconstituted in 1983, and reauthorized in 1994. It is directed to investigate complaints alleging that citizens are being deprived of their right to vote by reason of their race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin, or by reason of fraudulent practices; study and collect information relating to discrimination or a denial of equal protection of the laws under the Constitution because of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin, or in the administration of justice; appraise federal laws and policies with respect to discrimination or denial of equal protection of the laws because of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin, or in the administration of justice; serve as a national clearinghouse for information in respect to discrimination or denial of equal protection of the laws because of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin; submit reports, findings, and recommendations to the President and Congress; and issue public service announcements to discourage discrimination or denial of equal protection of the laws. -
The Black Press and the End of Racial Segregation in the U.S
MIGHTIER THAN THE SWORD? THE BLACK PRESS AND THE END OF RACIAL SEGREGATION IN THE U.S. MILITARY, 1948-1954 Mark Slagle A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Journalism and Mass Communication Chapel Hill 2010 Approved by: Dr. Barbara Friedman Dr. Anne Johnston Dr. Donald Shaw Dr. Crystal Feimster Dr. Richard Kohn ©2010 Mark Slagle ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT MARK SLAGLE: Mightier Than The Sword? The Black Press and the End of Racial Segregation in the U.S. Military, 1948-1954 (Under the Direction of Dr. Barbara Friedman) Although President Harry S. Truman ordered the integration of the U.S. military in 1948, the armed forces made limited progress in desegregating before the summer of 1950. The outbreak of war on the Korean peninsula that year forced the military to re-evaluate its policy of segregation and ultimately led the complete integration of all the armed forces. This study analyzes how the largest and most influential black newspapers fought for military integration and how these publications reacted when it arrived. By examining how the black press sought to achieve its goals, this study illustrates the ways in which black newspapers did and did not operate as a dissident media source. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the efforts of a number of people. Barbara Friedman shepherded this project from vague idea to finished product. Anne Johnston, Don Shaw, Richard Kohn, and Crystal Feimster all provided valuable suggestions and support throughout the process. -
SAY NO to the LIBERAL MEDIA: CONSERVATIVES and CRITICISM of the NEWS MEDIA in the 1970S William Gillis Submitted to the Faculty
SAY NO TO THE LIBERAL MEDIA: CONSERVATIVES AND CRITICISM OF THE NEWS MEDIA IN THE 1970S William Gillis Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Journalism, Indiana University June 2013 ii Accepted by the Graduate Faculty, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Doctoral Committee David Paul Nord, Ph.D. Mike Conway, Ph.D. Tony Fargo, Ph.D. Khalil Muhammad, Ph.D. May 10, 2013 iii Copyright © 2013 William Gillis iv Acknowledgments I would like to thank the helpful staff members at the Brigham Young University Harold B. Lee Library, the Detroit Public Library, Indiana University Libraries, the University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library, the University of Louisville Archives and Records Center, the University of Michigan Bentley Historical Library, the Wayne State University Walter P. Reuther Library, and the West Virginia State Archives and History Library. Since 2010 I have been employed as an editorial assistant at the Journal of American History, and I want to thank everyone at the Journal and the Organization of American Historians. I thank the following friends and colleagues: Jacob Groshek, Andrew J. Huebner, Michael Kapellas, Gerry Lanosga, J. Michael Lyons, Beth Marsh, Kevin Marsh, Eric Petenbrink, Sarah Rowley, and Cynthia Yaudes. I also thank the members of my dissertation committee: Mike Conway, Tony Fargo, and Khalil Muhammad. Simply put, my adviser and dissertation chair David Paul Nord has been great. Thanks, Dave. I would also like to thank my family, especially my parents, who have provided me with so much support in so many ways over the years. -
Report for Greenwood District Tulsa, Tulsa County, Oklahoma
REPORT FOR GREENWOOD DISTRICT TULSA, TULSA COUNTY, OKLAHOMA The 100-block of North Greenwood Avenue, June 1921, Mary E. Jones Parrish Collection, Oklahoma Historical Society PREPARED FOR THE INDIAN NATIONS COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS, ON BEHALF OF THE TULSA PRESERVATION COMMISSION, CITY OF TULSA 2 WEST 2ND STREET, SUITE 800, TULSA, OKLAHOMA 74103 BY PRESERVATION AND DESIGN STUDIO PLLC 616 NW 21ST STREET, OKLAHOMA CITY, OK 73103 MAY 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Abstract ...................................................................................................4 2 Introduction ..............................................................................................6 3 Research Design .......................................................................................9 4 Project Objectives ....................................................................................9 5 Methodology ............................................................................................10 6 Expected Results ......................................................................................13 7 Area Surveyed ..........................................................................................14 8 Historic Context .......................................................................................18 9 Survey Results .........................................................................................27 10 Bibliography ............................................................................................36 APPENDICES Appendix -
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title “Wond’rous Machines”: How Eighteenth-Century Harpsichords Managed the Human-Animal, Human-Machine Boundaries Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2c83x38q Author Bonczyk, Patrick David-Jung Publication Date 2021 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles “Wond’rous Machines”: How Eighteenth-Century Harpsichords Managed the Human-Animal, Human-Machine Boundaries A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Musicology by Patrick David-Jung Bonczyk 2021 © Copyright by Patrick David-Jung Bonczyk 2021 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION “Wond’rous Machines”: How Eighteenth-Century Harpsichords Managed the Human-Animal, Human-Machine Boundaries by Patrick David-Jung Bonczyk Doctor of Philosophy in Musicology University of California, Los Angeles, 2021 Professor Mitchell Bryan Morris, Chair The tenuous boundaries that separate humans, animals, and machines fascinate and sometimes unsettle us. In eighteenth-century France, conceptions of what differentiates humans from animals and machines became a sustained topic of interest in spaces that were public and private, recreational and intellectual. This dissertation argues that eighteenth-century harpsichords were porous sites where performers, composers, artisans, academics, and pedagogues negotiated the limits of these fragile boundaries. French harpsichords are at the center of my dissertation because they embodied an experimental collision of animal parts and other biomatter, complex machinery, and visual and musical performance. Taken together, I consider the ways that instruments had social import apart from sound production alone, expanding the definition of ii “instrument” beyond traditional organological studies of style in craftsmanship and musical aesthetics. -
2017-2018 Annual Report 2017-2018 View
Founded in 1940, the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. (LDF) is the nation’s first civil and human rights law organization and has been completely separate from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) since 1957. From that era to the present, LDF’s mission has always been transformative: to achieve racial justice, equality, and an inclusive society. Photo: LDF Founder Thurgood Marshall contents 02 Message from the Chairs of the Board, Gerald S. Adolph and David W. Mills 04 Message from Sherrilyn Ifill, President and Director-Counsel 07 Litigation 10 A. Education 14 B. Political Participation 18 C. Criminal Justice 22 D. Economic Justice 26 E. Equal Justice 28 F. Supreme Court Advocacy 30 Policy and Advocacy 34 Thurgood Marshall Institute (TMI) 40 LDF in the Media 44 Fellowship and Scholarship Programs 48 Special Events 51 Supporters 61 Financial Report 64 Board of Directors We are proud to say that despite these Gerald S. Adolph mounting threats, LDF remains equal to the task. This annual report is a testament to LDF’s remarkable success in and out of the courtroom. David W. Mills 1 message from the chairs of the board In 1978, LDF’s founder Thurgood Marshall said, “Where you see wrong or inequality or injustice, speak out, because this is your country. This is your democracy. Make it. Protect it. Pass it on.” The NAACP Legal Defense Fund has been pursuing that mission since its founding. Through litigation and advocacy, LDF works to protect and preserve our democracy, so that its promises of liberty and justice can at last be made real for all Americans. -
Saint Paul African American Historic and Cultural Context, 1837 to 1975
SAINT PAUL AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORIC AND CULTURAL CONTEXT, 1837 TO 1975 Ramsey County, Minnesota May 2017 SAINT PAUL AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORIC AND CULTURAL CONTEXT, 1837 TO 1975 Ramsey County, Minnesota MnHPO File No. Pending 106 Group Project No. 2206 SUBMITTED TO: Aurora Saint Anthony Neighborhood Development Corporation 774 University Avenue Saint Paul, MN 55104 SUBMITTED BY: 106 Group 1295 Bandana Blvd. #335 Saint Paul, MN 55108 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Nicole Foss, M.A. REPORT AUTHORS: Nicole Foss, M.A. Kelly Wilder, J.D. May 2016 This project has been financed in part with funds provided by the State of Minnesota from the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund through the Minnesota Historical Society. Saint Paul African American Historic and Cultural Context ABSTRACT Saint Paul’s African American community is long established—rooted, yet dynamic. From their beginnings, Blacks in Minnesota have had tremendous impact on the state’s economy, culture, and political development. Although there has been an African American presence in Saint Paul for more than 150 years, adequate research has not been completed to account for and protect sites with significance to the community. One of the objectives outlined in the City of Saint Paul’s 2009 Historic Preservation Plan is the development of historic contexts “for the most threatened resource types and areas,” including immigrant and ethnic communities (City of Saint Paul 2009:12). The primary objective for development of this Saint Paul African American Historic and Cultural Context Project (Context Study) was to lay a solid foundation for identification of key sites of historic significance and advancing preservation of these sites and the community’s stories. -
100 Years of African American History: a Fiber Art Retrospective by Tina Williams Brewer
100 Years of african american HistorY: a fiber art retrospective by tina Williams Brewer 100 Years of african american HistorY: a fiber art retrospective by tina Williams Brewer This publication was made possible through a generous contribution to Pittsburgh Filmmakers/Pittsburgh Center for the Arts from Alcoa Foundation. It happened... the Courier was there. Rod Doss, Editor and Publisher, New Pittsburgh Courier he Pittsburgh Courier has recorded news affecting The information reported in the Courier had a pro- African-Americans since 1910. My staff and I are found impact on Black politics, world events, civil Thonored to be the “keepers” of what is an incred- rights, sports, entertainment, business and journal- ible and extensive record – both in print and in photo- ism. We are privileged to associate with those giants graphs – of a people’s culture that has had profound who recorded the history of a people’s unwavering impact on American history. march to overcome the many obstacles that withheld The Courier was first published 100 years ago and even- their dignity as a mighty race of people. As the Black tually became the most widely circulated Black news- intellectual W.E.B. DuBois said, “The twentieth century paper in the country with 21 regional editions and an challenge to resolve the issue of color is the greatest international edition. At its height, more than 450,000 challenge America will have to overcome.” His words people received the Courier each week and were were truly prophetic. given the opportunity to read an unvarnished version The series of 10 quilts created by Tina Williams Brewer of cultural and historical events that told the story in this exhibition attempt to provide a broad-based of the Black experience in America. -
MVSC-F099.4-K16.Pdf
[PAGE 1] KANSAS CITY CALL TENTH ANNIVERSARY AND PROGRESS EDITION Vol. 10 No. 13 Kansas City, Mo., July 27, 1928. PROGRESS THE PROGRESS of Negroes in the United States is so great that history will point out what you have done as one of the achievements which mark this age. Your rise is one of the best proofs of the value of the American theory of government. Successes by individuals here and there have been multiplied until now yours is a mass movement. You are advancing all along the line, a sound basis for your having confidence in the future. The world’s work needs every man. I look to see the Negro, prepared by difficulty, and tested by adversity, be a valued factor in upbuilding the commonwealth. In the Middle West, where The Kansas City Call is published, lies opportunity. In addition to urban pursuits you have available for the man of small means, the farm which is one of the primary industries. The Negro in your section can develop in a well rounded way. Above all things, take counsel of what you are doing, rather than of the trials you are undergoing. Look up and go up! Julius Rosenwald [page 2] “PROGRESS EDITION” CELEBRATING THE KANSAS CITY CALL’S TENTH ANNIVERSARY Kansas City, Missouri, Friday, July YOU ARE WELCOME! The changes in The Kansas City Call’s printing plant are completed. We now occupy 1715 E. 18th street as an office; next door at 1717 is our press room and stereotyping room; upstairs is our composing room; in the basement we store paper direct from the mill. -
The" Oklahoma Eagle": a Study of Black Press Survival
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 270 809 CS 209 908 AUTHOR Brown, Karen F. TITLE The "Oklahoma Eagle": A Study of Black Press Survival. PUB DATE Aug 86 NOTE 18p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (69th, Norman, OK, August 3-6, 1986). PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150)-- Reports - Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Black Businesses; Black Employment; Journalism; *Newspapers; Publications; Publishing Industry IDENTIFIERS Family Owned Businesses; *Goodwin (Edward Lawrence); Journalism History; News Reporters; *Oklahoma Eagle ABSTRACT Analyzing the history of the "Oklahoma Eagle" provides insight into the problems and the opportunities involved in operating a black newspaper and reveals the factors re..ponsible for the paper's longevity. The paper has been owned and operated by members of the Edward Lawrence Goodwin family since 1938 and has been staffed by excellent journalists over thecourse of the years. A review of copies of the "Eagle" from the last 9years reveals a number of consistencies. The paper was normally neat and well edited, and contained many ads, particularly in the 1970s. Generally, the paper provided significant news. A member of the Goodwin family listed five factors that have enabled the paper to survive: (1) quality staff; (2) advertising success; (3) size of community; (4) sound relations with the community; and (5) family commitment. Eight years have passed since the death of E. L. Goodwin, and the family-owners have undertaken changes, but they have yetto find solid management footing. The problems of the "Eagle"are typical of the Black press today, and other papers may benefit from the "Eagle's" experience. -
Cameras at Work: African American Studio Photographers and the Business of Everyday Life, 1900-1970
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2016 Cameras at Work: African American Studio Photographers and the Business of Everyday Life, 1900-1970 William Brian Piper College of William and Mary, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Recommended Citation Piper, William Brian, "Cameras at Work: African American Studio Photographers and the Business of Everyday Life, 1900-1970" (2016). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1477068187. http://doi.org/10.21220/S2SG69 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cameras at Work: African American Studio Photographers and the Business of Everyday Life, 1900-1970 W. Brian Piper Richmond, Virginia Master of Arts, College of William and Mary, 2006 Bachelor of Arts, University of Virginia, 1998 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the College of William and Mary in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy American Studies Program The College of William and Mary August, 2016 © Copyright by William Brian Piper 2016 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the professional lives of African American studio photographers, recovering the history of an important industry in African American community life during segregation and the long Civil Rights Movement. It builds on previous scholarship of black photography by analyzing photographers’ business and personal records in concert with their images in order to more critically consider the circumstances under which African Americans produced and consumed photographs every day.