DOCSLIB.ORG

Computational Physics: Software Notes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Computational Physics: Software Notes Computational Physics: Software Notes Leon Hostetler July 14, 2018 Version 0.5 1 Contents Contents 2 1 Preface 5 2 Linux and Unix7 2.1 General Notes...................................... 7 2.2 Bash........................................... 8 2.3 Unix Networks ..................................... 18 2.4 Vim ........................................... 19 2.5 OpenLava........................................ 19 2.6 SLURM......................................... 19 2.7 System Monitoring and Performance......................... 20 3 LaTeX 23 3.1 Installation ....................................... 23 3.2 Tables.......................................... 23 3.3 Math........................................... 24 3.4 Images.......................................... 28 3.5 Referencing....................................... 28 3.6 Tikz........................................... 29 3.7 PGFPlots........................................ 39 4 Inkscape 45 4.1 Installation ....................................... 45 5 Python 49 5.1 Installation ....................................... 49 5.2 General ......................................... 49 5.3 Style Guide....................................... 50 5.4 Plotting......................................... 50 5.5 File Cleaning ...................................... 56 5.6 Vectorization ...................................... 57 6 Fortran 63 6.1 Installation ....................................... 63 6.2 A Basic Program.................................... 63 6.3 Syntax.......................................... 64 6.4 MPI........................................... 69 7 GnuPlot 71 7.1 Basic Command Line Plot............................... 71 7.2 Plot Files ........................................ 72 7.3 Error Bars........................................ 73 7.4 Commands ....................................... 73 2 CONTENTS 3 7.5 Variable Attributes................................... 73 8 MatLab 75 8.1 Installation ....................................... 75 8.2 Miscellaneous...................................... 75 8.3 Plotting......................................... 76 8.4 Vectors ......................................... 82 8.5 Linear Algebra ..................................... 83 8.6 Statistics ........................................ 86 8.7 Numerical Differentiation ............................... 86 8.8 Integration ....................................... 87 8.9 Vector Differential Operators ............................. 89 8.10 Differential Equations ................................. 92 8.11 Quantum Mechanics.................................. 93 9 Mathematica 95 9.1 The Basics ....................................... 95 9.2 Quantum Mechanics.................................. 95 Chapter 1 Preface About These Notes These are simply the notes that I am using and occasionally adding to. Don't expect too much from them. Updates Last Updated: July 14, 2018 Version 0.5: (Jul. 14, 2018) LaTeX chapter: Updated layout and added information on package dependencies. Version |: (Dec. 12, 2017) 5 Chapter 2 Linux and Unix 2.1 General Notes This book assumes that you are using Linux. This section contains general notes on using Linux. To see the list of currently installed packages via the terminal, use the command apt list --installed For example, the python subpackages are listed as python-subpackage. To search for a package or see if it's available, use apt-cache policy packagename To see the version of the available package, use apt-cache policy packagename To uninstall an installed package, use sudo apt-get remove packagename To completely remove a package and all related stuff brought by the package, use \purge" instead of \remove". You will probably want to install the following packages via your terminal: • sshpass (for automatically backing up to password-protected remote servers) • python-pip (to manage python packages) • python-tk (required for some of my plots) • texlive-full (the full LaTeX distribution) • python-visual • gfortran (Fortran compiler) • gnuplot (plotting) • emacs (general text editor) • cpufrequtils (CPU management) • lm-sensors (CPU temperature sensors) • scidavis (statistical plotting application) 7 8 CHAPTER 2. LINUX AND UNIX • iotop (harddrive input/output) • wxmaxima (computer algebra system) • zotero (document/resources management utility) To update Ubuntu, use sudo apt-get update followed by sudo apt-get upgrade Enter \Y" to confirm the update. After these two commands, you should also run sudo apt-get dist-upgrade and enter \Y" to confirm. 2.2 Bash Basic Usage Navigation To determine your current location in the directory structure, use the command pwd To list the files in the current directory, use the command ls The ls command has a lot of useful options. For example, the following command lists the contents, also the hidden files, the property information for the files, and one line per item. ls -a -l -1 To list the files in another directory, use the command ls [path][directory] To list all directories, subdirectories, and files, use find . -ls To move to a new location, use the command cd [path] To return to your home directory, use the command 2.2. BASH 9 cd ∼ To see the help manual for a command man [command] Note: When in the shell, the up arrow can be used to re-enter the previous command without having to retype everything. Whenever you want to see the recent commands, just use history Searching To find files in a directory and all of its subdirectories by name use, for example to find files whose name contains \apple", use find /directory -name"*apple*" To find all files whose filenames contain apple in the current directory and all subdirectories, use find . -name"*apple*" To search for a text string within all files in directory dir/ and its subdirectories, use grep -R"string" dir/ To find and delete all files called ”filename.txt" in the current directory and all of its subdirectories, use find . -name filename.txt -type f -delete Wildcards To list all python files in the current directory, you would use ls *.py Files and Directories To create a directory at your current location, use the command mkdir [directory] To create a text file, just call the (nonexistent) file with the emacs, gedit, or Vim editor: emacs [filename] & gedit [filename] & vi [filename] & 10 CHAPTER 2. LINUX AND UNIX The ampersand ensures that emacs opens the file in the background instead of in the same shell window. That way you can still issue commands to the shell while also editing your file in emacs. To move a file from one location to another, use the command mv [path1][file] [path2][file] To move the all contents from one directory to another, use mv [directory1]/* [directory2] To rename a file, \move" it to the same location with a different name. mv [path][old file] [path][new file] To copy a file from one location to another location: cp [oldpath][file] [new path] To copy a file into the current directory use a period to denote the current directory. cp [path][file] . To copy a file from one location to another location and rename it: cp [old path][old file name] [new path][new file name] To copy a directory and all subdirectories and files cp -r [directory] [newname] To view (but not modify) the contents of an ASCII file in the terminal: more [path][file] Press the space bar to page through the file. To delete a file, use rm file To delete an empty directory, use rmdir [directory] To delete a directory and all files and subdirectories in it, use rm -r [directory] To get a file over http use 2.2. BASH 11 wget [url to file] To securely copy a file to or from a remote server use the secure copy command. For example, to securely copy ftp/backup.tgz from my directory on the remote server at site.edu, to wherever I currently am on my local machine, I would use scp [email protected]:∼/ftp/backup.tgz . Note the required colon after the target address. The period at the very end instructs it to copy the remote file to my current location. It will ask you for your password after connecting to the server. The general form is scp [options] username@source_host:/directory/file username@destination:/directory/filename Note that the file host comes first, and the file destination comes second. If you are copying a directory and its contents, you have to include the \-r" option. File and Output Manipulation To redirect command output to a file. If the file doesnt exist, it is created. [command] > [file] For example, ls > content, would create a file called \content" that contains a list of the contents of the current directory. To redirect command output to another command: [command1] | [command2] Notice that \>" is used to redirect the output from a command or program to a file and \j" is used to redirect the output of a command or program to another program. To see the differences between two files: diff [file1] [file2] To see the differences between two folders, whose files (and their contents) should be the same, use diff -arq [folder1] [folder2] To sort the output of a command use [command] | sort To sort numerically from smallest to largest, add the -g option to the sort command. To reverse the order, use -g -r. 12 CHAPTER 2. LINUX AND UNIX To copy the first 100 lines from one file to another file, use head -100 file1 > file2 To suppress the standard output from a script, send it to /dev/null. For example: gfortran script.f ./a.out >/dev/null Images To view an image file, use the command display image To convert an image from one format to another, use, for example convert file.eps file.png By default, the resolution of the output image
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Safety Safety in Our Lab Work and in Handling the Mealworms Tenebrio Molitor Was a Very Important Aspect of Our Project
    Safety Safety in our lab work and in handling the mealworms Tenebrio molitor was a very important aspect of our project. From the very beginning, it was clear that only two team members were allowed in the lab. Therefore, we were following our Universities SARS-CoV-2 safety instructions. The two team members were also given a safety instruction regarding the measurements taken in the SARS- CoV-2 situation. The two team members also had a safety training for the lab facilities before start working in the laboratory. This included the topics: • Lab access and rules • Responsible individuals • Differences between biosafety levels • Biosafety equipment • Good microbial technique • Disinfection and sterilization • Emergency procedures • Transport rules • Physical biosafety • Personnel biosafety • Dual- use and experiments of concern • Data biosecurity • Chemicals, fire and electrical safety Additionally to the safety training, the team members were always working with lab coats, safety goggles, masks and gloves, especially when handling the mealworms. An instructor was present and supervising the experiments. Dr. Frank Bengelsdorf from the Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Ulm University is our safety guide and overviewed the whole process of handling the mealworms, i.e. he controlled the way the mealworms are stored. Additionally, we are trained by experienced instructors who are familiar with the experimental procedures and the handling of invertebrates. This includes the insect husbandry, safely killing of the mealworms, and gut preparation. For more information, please view our Safety Form. Handling of organisms: Each experiment with the mealworms was performed in a laboratory at biosafety level 2, in order to handle risk of the mealworms infesting the lab.
    [Show full text]
  • Praktikum Iz Softverskih Alata U Elektronici
    PRAKTIKUM IZ SOFTVERSKIH ALATA U ELEKTRONICI 2017/2018 Predrag Pejović 31. decembar 2017 Linkovi na primere: I OS I LATEX 1 I LATEX 2 I LATEX 3 I GNU Octave I gnuplot I Maxima I Python 1 I Python 2 I PyLab I SymPy PRAKTIKUM IZ SOFTVERSKIH ALATA U ELEKTRONICI 2017 Lica (i ostali podaci o predmetu): I Predrag Pejović, [email protected], 102 levo, http://tnt.etf.rs/~peja I Strahinja Janković I sajt: http://tnt.etf.rs/~oe4sae I cilj: savladavanje niza programa koji se koriste za svakodnevne poslove u elektronici (i ne samo elektronici . ) I svi programi koji će biti obrađivani su slobodan softver (free software), legalno možete da ih koristite (i ne samo to) gde hoćete, kako hoćete, za šta hoćete, koliko hoćete, na kom računaru hoćete . I literatura . sve sa www, legalno, besplatno! I zašto svake godine (pomalo) updated slajdovi? Prezentacije predmeta I engleski I srpski, kraća verzija I engleski, prezentacija i animacije I srpski, prezentacija i animacije A šta se tačno radi u predmetu, koji programi? 1. uvod (upravo slušate): organizacija nastave + (FS: tehnička, ekonomska i pravna pitanja, kako to uopšte postoji?) (≈ 1 w) 2. operativni sistem (GNU/Linux, Ubuntu), komandna linija (!), shell scripts, . (≈ 1 w) 3. nastavak OS, snalaženje, neki IDE kao ilustracija i vežba, jedan Python i jedan C program . (≈ 1 w) 4.L ATEX i LATEX 2" (≈ 3 w) 5. XCircuit (≈ 1 w) 6. probni kolokvijum . (= 1 w) 7. prvi kolokvijum . 8. GNU Octave (≈ 1 w) 9. gnuplot (≈ (1 + ) w) 10. wxMaxima (≈ 1 w) 11. drugi kolokvijum . 12. Python, IPython, PyLab, SymPy (≈ 3 w) 13.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Software Useful for the Undergraduate Physics Laboratory
    Scientific software useful for the Undergraduate Physics Laboratory Windows Microcal Origin Origin is quite well distributed within the scientific community and is used in some of the research groups in the Faculty of Physics and Geosciences in Leipzig. There is a license available for students. Origin 8 and 7.5 might be downloaded from http://research.uni-leipzig.de/zno/Software/ . This website is accessible from your computer at home via a VPN connection (see https://www.urz.uni-leipzig.de/hilfe/anleitungen-a-z/vpn/ ). Running Origin requires a connection to the license server; this is unproblematic, if you computer is logged in into the University network; from home, it should sufficient to run the VPN client on your computer. Alternatively, you might bring your notebook to the University, connect to the wireless, start Origin and borrow the license for a maximum of 150 days. Please note that the license is automatically returned the next time you open Origin, when connected to the University network. For other options see Mac and Linux. Mac IGOR This is software from Wavemetrics; IGOR runs also under Windows. License for students? No idea. For other options see Linux. Linux Qtiplot Qtiplot is free software (in principle) and quite similar to Origin. It runs under Linux, Windows and Mac. The official site is (http://soft.proindependent.com/qtiplot.html). Qtiplot is provided in some GNU/Linux distributions (e.g., in the official repositories of Debian and Ubuntu). Windows binaries might be legally downloaded from http://www.cells.es/Members/cpascual/docs/unofficial-qtiplot- packages-for-windows.
    [Show full text]
  • (2010), No. 1 Plotting Experimental Data Using Pgfplots Joseph Wright
    50 TUGboat, Volume 31 (2010), No. 1 Plotting experimental data using pgfplots 1 Joseph Wright 0.8 Abstract Creating plots in TEX is made easy by the pgfplots 0.6 package, but getting the best presentation of ex- perimental results still requires some thought. In 0.4 this article, the basics of pgfplots are reviewed before looking at how to adjust the standard settings to give 0.2 both good looking and scientifically precise plots. 0 1 Introduction 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Presenting experimental data clearly and consist- ently is a crucial part of publishing scientific results. Figure 1: An empty set of axes A key part of this is the careful preparation of plots, graphs and so forth. Good quality plots often make needs to be loaded. This is designed to work equally results clearer and more accessible than large tables well with T X, LAT X and ConT Xt, and of course of numbers. A number of tools specialise in produ- E E E the loading mechanism depends on the format: cing plots for scientific users, both commercial (such \input pgfplots.tex % Plain TeX as Origin and SigmaPlot) and open source (for \usepackage{pgfplots} % LaTeX example QtiPlot and SciDAVis). The output of \usemodule[pgfplots] % ConTeXt these programs is impressive, but TEX users may Plots are created inside an ‘axis’ environment, find that it lacks the ‘polish’ that TEX can provide. which itself needs to be inside the pgf environment There are a few approaches to producing plots ‘tikzpicture’. The differences between the three directly within a TEX document, but perhaps the easi- formats again mean that there are again some vari- est method to use the pgfplots package (Feuersänger, ations.
    [Show full text]
  • Blank Spreadsheet Vector Graphic
    Blank Spreadsheet Vector Graphic Slim disillusion cousin if undrainable Connie modulated or cringed. Interlocutory and clean-limbed Ambrosi presurmise, but Renado oafishly inflamed her diminutives. Dale pilgrimages powerfully while prestigious Davide polymerize qualifiedly or aviating cornerwise. Find at Food Truck Hidetailed Vector Template stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock. Blank open city magazine and notebook mockup with silver shadow Mockup vector isolated. When developing a table vector file is never too short to keep track your own infographic maker for spreadsheets as rgb colors that is important legal documents. When building new chemistry is created in all empty nor the brain of column column. You want to win the activities, defined as well, then click on a variety of. Create vector graphics with LibreOffice Draw Linux Magazine. Spreadsheet Clip Art Royalty Free GoGraph. Download Nutrition Facts Label Vector Templates Vector Art This application helps. Vector image speak a blank spreadsheet Black pure white illustration of money Excel table. Golden shiny sign containing a blank spreadsheet stock vector All elements are separate objects grouped and layered File is theater with linear and radial. Blank 10 Column Worksheet Template Fresh 2 Of Blank. Use spreadsheets to spreadsheet usage contexts, graphics for any design tools menu template on dark background is if you use. Table tennis tournament excel template marina luxury rental. Your blank graphics vector, vectors png images cannot be moved on popularity, most see more prosperous, and opened in a month of graphical or. Examples of vector graphic files are EPS Adobe Illustrator and CDR CorelDRAW.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the Usability Areasof the Open Source and Public Domain Applicationsduring the Creating of E-Learning Courses
    EduAkcja. Magazyn edukacji elektronicznej nr 2 (12)/2016, str. 51—69 Ocena obszarów stosowalności aplikacji Open Source oraz Public Domain podczas tworzenia kursów e-learningowych Barbara Dębska Politechnika Rzeszowska [email protected] Lucjan Dobrowolski Politechnika Rzeszowska [email protected] Karol Hęclik Politechnika Rzeszowska [email protected] Streszczenie: W artykule przedstawiono wyniki oceny obszarów stosowalności wybranych aplikacji Open Source oraz Public Domain, wykorzystywanych podczas wytwarzania kursów e-learningowych. Omówiono ich funkcje i ergonomię pracy oraz niedostatki. Uwzględniono przeszkody, na jakie napotykają osoby przygotowujące doku- menty, przeznaczone do umieszczenia w materiałach e-learningowych. Opisane aplikacje pogrupowano tematycz- nie wg rodzajów przetwarzanych treści, a następnie oceniono pod kątem możliwości wykorzystywania nowych technologii internetowych w e-kursach. Zwrócono uwagę na trudności, jakie mogą sprawiać niektóre nowe tech- nologie teleinformatyczne podczas przygotowywania treści multimedialnych. W szczególności dotyczy to animacji realizowanych przy pomocy HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript i SVG. Słowa kluczowe: e-learning, open source, narzędzia pomocnicze, multimedia 1. Wprowadzenie 1.1. Treści kursów e-learningowych Obecnie coraz częściej strony kursów e-learningowych zawierają nie tylko tekst i grafikę statycz- ną, ale także treści multimedialne (Rys. 1). Przygotowanie takich materiałów wymaga użycia do- datkowych aplikacji, bowiem podstawowe narzędzia do przygotowania e-kursów nie
    [Show full text]
  • The Scidavis Handbook
    The SciDAVis Handbook Ion Vasilief, Roger Gadiou, Knut Franke, Fellype Nascimento, and Miquel Garriga June 25, 2018 Contents 1 Introduction1 1.1 What is SciDAVis?...........................1 1.2 Command Line Parameters.......................2 1.2.1 Specify a File..........................2 1.2.2 Command Line Options....................3 1.3 General Concepts and Terms......................3 1.3.1 Tables..............................5 1.3.2 Matrix..............................7 1.3.3 Plot Window..........................8 1.3.4 Note...............................8 1.3.5 Log Window..........................9 1.3.6 The Project Explorer...................... 10 2 Drawing plots with SciDAVis 11 2.1 2D X-Y plots.............................. 11 2.1.1 2D plot from data........................ 11 2.1.2 2D plot from function...................... 15 2.1.2.1 Direct plot of a function............... 15 2.1.2.2 Filling of a table with the values of a function.... 17 2.1.3 The different types of 2D X-Y plots.............. 18 2.1.4 Customization of a 2D plot................... 18 2.1.4.1 "Plot details" window................ 19 2.1.4.1.1 Options for the layer........... 19 2.1.4.1.2 Custom curves for data series....... 20 2.1.5 Changing default 2D plot options............... 22 2.1.5.1 Modification of default options........... 23 2.1.6 Working with templates.................... 24 2.2 Other special 2D plots......................... 25 2.2.1 Pie plots............................. 25 2.2.1.1 Formatting of pie plots............... 25 2.2.2 Vectors plots.......................... 26 2.2.2.1 Formatting of vector plots.............. 27 2.3 Statistical plots............................. 28 2.3.1 Box plots...........................
    [Show full text]
  • Starting with a Tiny Joke !
    Starting with a tiny joke ! ● How do you call people speak 3 languages ? ● Trilingual people ! ● How do you call people speak 2 languages ? ● Bilingual people ! ● How do you call people speak 1 language ? ● French people ! I'm french : if I twist your eardrums, I apologize... So it's better : slides in globish & voice in french 2012-10-05 SIDUS Project 1/29 SIDUS Project From WS to HPC Last June 2012 : From Workstations to HPC - Pa use * Scro ll Br eak Pr int Lo ck / Scrn Num q SysR ck Lo 9 PgUp Page Home Up 8 + m e Ho 7 Inser t Page 6 Down 5 End 4 ScroLoll ck Delete PgDn with Debian weapons End 3 Cap sLock 2 Enter NumLock 1 . Del F12 | 0 F11 \ + Ctrl Ins F10 _ Shift = } P] L F9 - ) { "O[ ' K I ? / F8 0 ( : ; U > . Alt Gr J F7 9 * & Y < , H F6 8 F5 7 ^ T G M % 6 R F4 F $ N 5 E F3 # W D 4 B F2 @ Q S 3 V F1 ! 2 A Alt C ~ 1 X ` Cap sLock Shift c Ctrl Es b Z Ta 7 years to twitch to convince scientists Film : « 7 year itch » 2/29 SIDUS Project 2012-10-05 What's CBP ? Trainings Conferences Projects Hotel 2012-10-05 SIDUS Project 3/29 CBP : Hotel for conferences Material Resources In « real world » Rooms ● 20092009 :: 99 eventsevents ● 20102010 :: 1010 eventsevents ● 20112011 :: 1515 eventsevents In « virtual world » Web Site 2012-10-05 SIDUS Project 4/29 CBP : Hotel for trainings Material Resources In « real world » A room with 20 WS ● 2009 : Linux, VTK ● 2010 : Atosim, Idecat ● 2011 : ● Houches Soft Matter ● XML , GPU In « virtual world » Cluster & GPU Workstations 2012-10-05 SIDUS Project 5/29 CBP : Hotel for projects Material Resources In
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded 2021-09-26T19:14:37Z
    Provided by the author(s) and University College Dublin Library in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Title DataExplore: An Application for General Data Analysis in Research and Education Authors(s) Farrell, Damien Publication date 2016-03-22 Publication information Journal of Open Research Software, 4 (1): 1-8 Publisher Ubiquity Press Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7579 Publisher's version (DOI) 10.5334/jors.94 Downloaded 2021-09-26T19:14:37Z The UCD community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters! (@ucd_oa) © Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above. Journal of Farrell, D 2016 DataExplore: An Application for General Data Analysis in Research and open research software Education. Journal of Open Research Software, 4: e9, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/jors.94 SOFTWARE METAPAPER DataExplore: An Application for General Data Analysis in Research and Education Damien Farrell1 1 UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland [email protected] DataExplore is an open source desktop application for data analysis and plotting intended for use in both research and education. It is intended primarily for non-programmers who need to do relatively advanced table manipulation methods. Common tasks that might not be familiar to spreadsheet users such as table pivot, merge and join functionality are included as core elements. Creation of new columns using ­arithmetic­ expressions­ and­ pre-defined­ functions­ is­ possible.­ Table­ filtering­ may­ be­ done­ with­ simple­ boolean­queries.­The­other­primary­feature­is­rapid­dynamic­plot­creation­from­selected­data.­Multiple­ plots from various selections and data sources can also be composed using a grid layout.
    [Show full text]
  • Data Plotting and Curve Fitting with Scidavis David P
    Data Plotting and Curve Fitting with SciDAVis David P. Goldenberg August 11, 2021 This tutorial was originally written for a biochemistry laboratory class, Biol 3515/Chem 3515 at the University of Utah, http://goldenberg.biology.utah.edu/courses/biol3515/index.shtml. It is centered around data from a particular experiment, the measurement of protein concentrations using the Bradford Dye binding assay. However, this example should offer a useful guide for a variety of other applications. SciDAVis an open-source program for graphing and analyzing numeric data. It has ca- pabilities similar to a number of commercial programs, such as Kaleidagraph, SigmaPlot, Origin and IgorPro. The design of SciDAVis is similar to that of Origin, and SciDAVis can import at least some Origin files. Versions are available for Macintosh, Windows and Linux platforms. Files generated on a Mac can be read by the Windows version of SciDAVis, provided that they are saved on a Windows formatted disk or transferred over a network. SciDAVis can be downloaded from: https://sourceforge.net/projects/scidavis/files/SciDAVis/ Different folders on this page contain different versions of the program, with the newest at the top. SciDAVis is frequently updated, which is generally a good thing, but sometimes new bugs are introduced that may take a while to be identified and corrected. As of February 2021, the latest version that is available for all of the major platforms is 1.26. But, I have had some problems with this version, and I recommend using the earlier version 1.25. Copies of this version, for Windows and Mac systems, have been posted on the Canvas web page for this course.
    [Show full text]
  • Ćwiczenie 1 Wizualizacja Wyników Pomiarowych - Pomiary Napi Ęcia I Pr Ądu Elektrycznego Oraz Sprawdzenie Prawa Ohma Dla Przewodnika
    Pracownia fizyczna i elektroniczna dla In żynierii Nanostruktur, Wydział Fizyki UW (wersja instrukcji 29.1.2013a, T. Słupi ński) Ćwiczenie 1 Wizualizacja wyników pomiarowych - pomiary napi ęcia i pr ądu elektrycznego oraz sprawdzenie prawa Ohma dla przewodnika. Cel Wyniki pomiarów wielko ści fizycznych zwykle prezentowane s ą na wykresach. Celem tego ćwiczenia jest opanowanie umiej ętno ści posługiwania si ę wybranym oprogramowaniem do sporz ądzania wykresów naukowych. A nast ępnie wykonanie serii pomiarów pr ądu płyn ącego przez opornik elektryczny w funkcji napi ęcia panuj ącego na oporniku oraz przedstawienie wyników na wykresie i wyznaczenie warto ści oporno ści mierzonego opornika. Podobnie dla małej żarówki. Poznane zostan ą oprogramowanie Scidavis oraz laboratoryjny zasilacz regulowany i miernik uniwersalny Brymen 805. Opis programu Scidavis do rysowania wykresów danych i funkcji Istnieje wiele pakietów oprogramowania do sporz ądzania wykresów zale żno ści fizycznych oraz analizy danych pomiarowych. Obszerna lista takiego oprogramowania znajduje si ę np. tutaj: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_information_graphics_software Dobrymi reprezentantami oprogramowania do rysowania wykresów dwuwymiarowych, czyli zale żno ści typu y = f x)( , lub trójwymiarowych z = f x y),( , s ą programy: Gnuplot, SciDAVis oraz Vuesz, dost ępne na licencjach typu freeware. Nie ust ępuj ą one pod wzgl ędem podstawowej funkcjonalno ści popularnym lecz drogim pakietom typu Origin, IgorPro, SigmaPlot, EasyPlot czy QtiPlot. Znane pakiety MS Excel czy Calc z OpenOffice nie s ą specjalizowane dla grafiki naukowej. Zasady pracy z programami do graficznej prezentacji wyników pomiarowych poznamy na przykładzie programu Scidavis. Jest on dost ępny do pobrania i zainstalowania na stronie: http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/ - wersje dla systemów Windows, Linux i Mac OS X.
    [Show full text]
  • Comprehensive Integrity Protection for Desktop Linux (Demo)
    Comprehensive Integrity Protection for Desktop Linux Wai Kit Sze and R. Sekar Stony Brook University Stony Brook, NY, USA ABSTRACT 2. Architecture Overview Information flow provides principled defenses against malware. It Basic information flow policy for preserving system integrity is can provide system-wide integrity protection without requiring any no-write-up and no-read-down. Low integrity processes are not program-specific understanding. Information flow policies have allowed to modify high integrity files while high integrity processes been around for 40+ years but they have not been explored in to- are not allowed to read low integrity files. day’s context. Specifically, they are not designed for contemporary PIP is a portable information flow system that has been imple- software and OSes. Applying these policies directly on today’s mented on Linux and BSD systems. It consists of three main com- OSes affects usability. In this paper, we focus our attention on an ponents: existing multi-user support from OSes, a library, and a information-flow based integrity protection system that we imple- helper process. We provide an overview on the system architecture mented for Linux, with the goal of minimizing usability impact. here. Details about the system can be found in [11]. We discuss the design decisions made in this system and provide PIP relies on existing multi-user support for labeling integrity insights on building usable information flow systems. and enforcing no-write-up on low integrity processes. For sim- plicity, we consider two integrity levels: high integrity (benign) 1. Introduction and low integrity (untrusted). Low integrity subjects are run with a newly created userid called untrusted.
    [Show full text]