DOCSLIB.ORG

April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press [ 1 ] April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press UK LAWMAKERS DECLARE CHINA’S TREATMENT OF UYGHURS IS GENOCIDE British lawmakers have unanimously declared Chi- na’s ongoing crackdown in Xinjiang a genocide, joining the United States, Canada and the Neth- erlands in condemning Beijing’s actions against Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in the far- west region in the strongest possible terms. China has been accused of detaining up to 2 lawmaker Yasmin Qureshi, a member of the million people in a system of camps set up Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China UK, across Xinjiang in recent years, with survi- said. vors alleging widespread abuse, including brainwashing, torture, rape and forced labor. “That this government is pursuing deeper Beijing has denied the worst accusations, de- trade ties with China while these abuses con- fending the system as a vocational training tinue is unthinkable.” and deradicalization program vital to ensur- Introducing the motion Thursday, Conserva- ing the region’s security. tive lawmaker Nusrat Ghani told lawmakers Following a debate on Thursday, the House that “while we must never misuse the term of Commons passed unopposed a non-bind- genocide, we must not fail to use it when it’s ing resolution condemning “mass human warranted.” rights abuses and crimes against humanity in Governments insist that genocide can only Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region.” be determined by competent courts, said “Today’s vote must mark a turning point. Ghani, but “every route to a court is blocked No one can still deny the scale of the abuses by China.” taking place in the Xinjiang region,” Labour [ 1 ] Monthly Journal of Press April 2021 “Our government is handcuffed, paralyzed nation to safeguard its “national sovereignty, by the United Nations. We need to take back security and development interests.” control,” she said. “Our route to tackling genocide cannot be controlled by China.” ‘INTERROGATE THE EVIDENCE’ While the move will likely be seen as hav- Per the United Nations Genocide Convention ing no real impact on UK government pol- -- to which China is a signatory -- genocide is icy, it is sure to damage relations between an attempt to commit acts “with an intent to London and Beijing. Ties are already severe- destroy, in whole or in part, a national, (eth- ly strained by Britain’s decision to impose nic), racial or religious group.” sanctions on Xinjiang, and the resulting tit- There are five ways in which genocide can for-tat Chinese penalties, as well as China’s take place, according to the convention: kill- moves to limit democracy in Hong Kong, a ing members of the group; causing serious former British colony. bodily or mental harm to members of the Beijing has made clear its anger at London group; deliberately inflicting conditions of for introducing a path to citizenship for hold- life calculated to bring about its physical de- ers of British Nationals (Overseas) passports struction in whole or in part; imposing mea- following the imposition of a new national sures intended to prevent births within the security law on Hong Kong, and lawmakers group; or forcibly transferring children of the in the UK have pushed for the British gov- group to another group. ernment to take further action in response to The last time the House of Commons made recent election law changes, including sanc- such a declaration was in 2016, when law- tioning Chinese and Hong Kong officials. makers voted to classify the actions by ISIS In a recent statement, China’s foreign minis- against Yazidis and other minorities in north- try warned the UK “not go further down the ern Syria a genocide. That motion was ap- wrong path” in regard to action over Xinjiang proved unanimously. and Hong Kong, and reiterated its determi- [ 2 ] April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press Ghani -- who has been working to raise con- cerns over the treatment of Uyghurs in China -- was among a number of British lawmakers sanctioned by China last month for having “maliciously spread lies and disinformation” in relation to Xinjiang’s human rights issues. That move came after the UK, in coordina- tion with the European Union, Canada and the US, announced sanctions over Xinjiang, Speaking during Thursday’s debate, former targeting those responsible for the crack- Conservative Party leader Iain Duncan Smith down there. urged the government to rethink its position on China’s actions in Xinjiang. At the time, UK Foreign Secretary Domi- nic Raab said “it speaks volumes that, while “We will not gain any particu- the UK joins the international community lar friendship by not calling out in sanctioning those responsible for human genocide from the Chinese. It is rights abuses, the Chinese government sanc- simply not a tradeable item,” tions its critics.” he said. “The UK government “If Beijing want to credibly rebut claims of has said endlessly -- and I un- human rights abuses in Xinjiang, it should al- derstand this -- that only a low the UN High Commissioner for Human competent court can declare Rights full access to verify the truth,” he said in a statement. genocide, that is absolutely the original plan. On Wednesday, Raab announced he was slashing aid to China by 95%, to £900,000 “But the problem is that getting to a compe- ($1.25 million), as part of a wider program of tent court is impossible. At the United Na- cuts to the UK foreign aid budget. tions it is impossible to get through to the In- The remaining £900,000 will fund programs ternational Court of Justice, it is impossible on open societies and human rights, the min- to get through to the International Criminal ister said in a statement. Court as China is not a signatory to that and therefore will not obey that.” By Laura Smith-Spark and James Griffiths, CNN SANCTIONED BY CHINA [ 3 ] Monthly Journal of Press April 2021 NEW REPORT SLAMS CHINA FOR ‘SYSTEMATIC’ OPPRESSION AGAINST UYGHURS Human Rights Watch has urged the United ing out widespread and systematic policies Nations to take necessary steps to address of mass detention, torture, cultural persecu- what it calls China’s crimes against humanity tion and other offenses. targeting Uyghur Muslims and other Turkic minorities in the Xinjiang region. “Chinese authorities have systematically persecuted Turkic Muslims — their lives, A new report released Monday their religion and their culture,” said Sophie by Human Rights Watch (HRW) Richardson, China director at HRW, in the and the Stanford Law School’s report. “Beijing has said it’s providing ‘vo- Human Rights and Conflict cational training’ and ‘deradicalization,’ but Resolution Clinic says the Chi- that rhetoric can’t obscure a grim reality of nese government has commit- crimes against humanity.” ted crimes against humanity According to the report, the Rome Statute against Uyghur Muslims and of the International Criminal Court defines other Turkic minorities in Xinji- crimes against humanity as serious specified ang. offenses that are “knowingly committed” as part of a widespread or systematic attack The report, entitled “’Break their lineage, against any civilian population. break their roots’: China’s crimes against hu- manity targeting Uyghurs and other Turkic COMMISSION OF INQUIRY Muslims,” compared existing research, me- The alleged crimes highlighted in the report dia reports, government documents and data include imprisonment, deprivation of liberty from China, concluding that Beijing is carry- [ 4 ] April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press in violation of international law, persecution courts in the region allegedly handing down of an identifiable ethnic or religious group, “harsh prison sentences” without due pro- enforced disappearance, torture, murder, in- cess. humane acts intentionally causing great suf- fering or serious injury to mental or physical “According to official statistics, arrests in health, forced labor and sexual violence. Xinjiang accounted for nearly 21% of all arrests in China in 2017, despite people in The report urges the United Nations Human Xinjiang making up only 1.5% of the total Rights Council (UNHRC) to create a com- population,” the report said. mission of inquiry (COI) to investigate the crimes. Additionally, evidence shows that local au- thorities in Xinjiang have used various meth- ods to damage or destroy at least two-thirds of mosques in Xinjiang. Local authorities also implement a vast surveillance network across the region by collecting DNA sam- ples, fingerprints, iris scans and blood types of Xinjiang residents between the age of 12 and 65. HRW’s Richardson told DW the report high- lights how the Chinese government’s pol- icies that have affected Uyghurs and other Turkic minorities in the past several years. “The COI should have a mandate to estab- “We reached the conclusion that these vio- lish the facts, identify the perpetrators, and lations fit that definition of widespread and make recommendations to provide account- systematic,” she said. ability,” the report said. “The COI should Experts say that growing evidence against be comprised of eminent persons, including China allows the international community to experts in international human rights law, address the human rights violations in Xin- crimes against humanity, the rights of ethnic jiang. and religious minorities, and gender issues.” “I think it’s particularly important Several Western countries have imposed [for countries] to call on the UN to coordinated sanctions against several Chi- nese officials believed to be responsible for establish a commission of inquiry the human rights violations in Xinjiang. In into not only crimes against hu- a tit-for-tat move, Beijing imposed sanctions manity, but also genocide,” said on several individuals and entities in those Yonah Diamond, legal counsel countries. for the Raoul Wallenberg Center ‘WIDESPREAD AND for Human Rights and one of the authors of a recent independent SYSTEMATIC’ VIOLATIONS report that determined Beijing’s According to HRW, an estimated 1 million actions in Xinjiang have violated people have been detained in 300 to 400 the UN Genocide Convention.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Current Situation and Way out of Cotton Subsidiary Industry in Xinjiang
    2019 2nd International Workshop on Advances in Social Sciences (IWASS 2019) Current Situation and Way out of Cotton Subsidiary Industry in Xinjiang Linyan Zhang, Xiaohu Liu Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China Keywords: Xinjiang, Cotton Subsidiary Industry, Development Countermeasures Abstract: Xinjiang is a National Production Base for Super-Large Commercial Cotton. as the Leading Industry in Xinjiang, the Cotton Industry is the Pillar to Promote Economic Development, Increase Farmers' Income and Social Stability in Xinjiang. At Present, Xinjiang's Cotton Textile Owners Are Mainly Engaged in Spinning and Weaving. the Short Industrial Chain and Low Industrial Concentration Seriously Restrict the Improvement of Xinjiang's Cotton Textile Industry's Development Capability. Based on the Analysis of the Present Situation and Existing Problems of Xinjiang's Cotton by-Product Resources, This Paper Expounds the Advantages and Constraints of Xinjiang in Developing Cotton by-Products, and Then Puts Forward Some Countermeasures to Speed Up the Development of Xinjiang's Cotton by-Product Processing Industry. 1. Introduction As the Largest High-Quality Commercial Cotton Production Area in China, Xinjiang Region is Rich in Types and Resources of Cotton by-Products. in Recent Years, Some Cotton-Related Enterprises in Xinjiang Region Have Increased Investment in the Production and Sales of Cotton by-Products, Actively Introduced and Developed New Processing Technologies, Gradually Extended the Industrial Chain of Xinjiang Commercial Cotton, and Increased the Value of Cotton by-Products [1]. Cotton Production Accounts for More Than One Third of the Country's Total. as the Leading Industry in Xinjiang, Cotton Industry is the Pillar to Promote Xinjiang's Economic Development, Increase Farmers' Income and Social Stability.
    [Show full text]
  • Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler a Dissertati
    Spirit Breaking: Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2018 Reading Committee: Sasha Su-Ling Welland, Chair Ann Anagnost Stevan Harrell Danny Hoffman Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Anthropology ©Copyright 2018 Darren T. Byler University of Washington Abstract Spirit Breaking: Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Sasha Su-Ling Welland, Department of Gender, Women, and Sexuality Studies This study argues that Uyghurs, a Turkic-Muslim group in contemporary Northwest China, and the city of Ürümchi have become the object of what the study names “terror capitalism.” This argument is supported by evidence of both the way state-directed economic investment and security infrastructures (pass-book systems, webs of technological surveillance, urban cleansing processes and mass internment camps) have shaped self-representation among Uyghur migrants and Han settlers in the city. It analyzes these human engineering and urban planning projects and the way their effects are contested in new media, film, television, photography and literature. It finds that this form of capitalist production utilizes the discourse of terror to justify state investment in a wide array of policing and social engineering systems that employs millions of state security workers. The project also presents a theoretical model for understanding how Uyghurs use cultural production to both build and refuse the development of this new economic formation and accompanying forms of gendered, ethno-racial violence.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CCP's NEXT CENTURY Expanding Economic Control, Digital Governance and National Security
    MERICS PAPERS ON CHINA THE CCP'S NEXT CENTURY Expanding economic control, digital governance and national security No 10 | June 2021 THE CCP'S NEXT CENTURY Expanding economic control, digital governance and national security Edited by: Nis Grünberg | Claudia Wessling Authors: Katja Drinhausen | Mikko Huotari | John Lee | Helena Legarda Contents Introduction Unlocking anti-fragile China: How Xi reinforces the party state for global leadership Nis Grünberg .......................................................................................................................................................6 Who is the CCP? Facts about the Chinese Communist Party in infographics ......................... 13 Party-state capitalism under Xi: aligning the economy with political objectives Nis Grünberg .................................................................................................................... 19 Key findings ...............................................................................................................21 1. Turning 100, the CCP can celebrate its economic power .....................................21 2. Building an economic order around party leadership .......................................23 3. Beijing sees the party state ascendant over the liberal state ...............................31 The CCP in 2021: smart governance, cyber sovereignty and tech supremacy Katja Drinhausen, John Lee .............................................................................................. 37 Key findings ...............................................................................................................39
    [Show full text]
  • Community Matters in Xinjiang 1880–1949 China Studies
    Community Matters in Xinjiang 1880–1949 China Studies Published for the Institute for Chinese Studies University of Oxford Editors Glen Dudbridge Frank Pieke VOLUME 17 Community Matters in Xinjiang 1880–1949 Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur By Ildikó Bellér-Hann LEIDEN • BOSTON 2008 Cover illustration: Woman baking bread in the missionaries’ home (Box 145, sheet nr. 26. Hanna Anderssons samling). Courtesy of the National Archives of Sweden (Riksarkivet) and The Mission Covenant Church of Sweden (Svenska Missionskyrkan). This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bellér-Hann, Ildikó. Community matters in Xinjiang, 1880–1949 : towards a historical anthropology of the Uyghur / by Ildikó Bellér-Hann. p. cm — (China studies, ISSN 1570–1344 ; v. 17) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-16675-2 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Uighur (Turkic people)—China— Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu—Social life and customs. 2. Uighur (Turkic people)—China— Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu—Religion. 3. Muslims—China—Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu. 4. Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (China)—Social life and customs. 5. Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (China)—Ethnic relations. 6. Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (China)—History—19th century. I. Title. II. Series. DS731.U4B35 2008 951’.604—dc22 2008018717 ISSN 1570-1344 ISBN 978 90 04 16675 2 Copyright 2008 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • India's Cotton Consumption Damaged by Weaker
    AUGUST 26, 2019 JERNIGANGLOBAL.COM ISSUE NO. 1033 CHINA DOMESTIC CHINA STATE OWNED XINJIANG PRISON CAMPS ICE FUTURES REMAIN APPAREL SALES SET TO COMPANIES DRIVE LEAD TO CALL FOR WEAK AS TRADE CONTRACT IN 2019 OVERCAPACITY BOYCOTT OF XINJIANG WAR MOVES TOWARD COTTON DISENGAGEMENT THE CHINA IMPACT: INDIA’S COTTON CONSUMPTION DAMAGED BY WEAKER CHINESE COTTON YARN DEMAND he drop in demand for cotton and cotton yarn has July to only 12,000 tons from 40-50,000 tons a month Tleft China’s ports awash with unsold cotton and early in 2019. The competitiveness of Indian yarns cotton yarn stocks. Unsold port stocks of cotton at was first affected by the divergence of domestic cotton Qingdao are near 350-400,000 tons, which is believed prices from international price levels. Furthermore, the to be maximum capacity. Zhangiagang in Jiangsu, devaluation of the RMB against the USD has added to a smaller river port within a free trade zone, is a importers woes, as domestic yarns become cheaper. second port used to store imported cotton. Unsold India has been a key exporter of open-end yarns to port stocks have presently reached a new record of China, but these yarns are no longer competitive. more than 80,000 tons, which is more than a 30,000 tons increase during the past 30 days. Unsold stocks The downturn in Chinese cotton yarn demand has of imported cotton yarn are estimated at 100,000 caused significant problems for India’s non-vertical tons, with approximately 40,000 tons stored in spinners that are primarily focused on exports.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese National Unity Vs. Uyghur Separatism
    C HINESE N ATIONAL U NITY VS. U YGHUR S EPARATISM CAN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES INTEGRATED WITH A CUSTOMIZED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN HELP AVOID A CULTURAL COLLISION? Master of Arts in Law and Diplomacy Thesis Submitted by Nancy Eranosian 21 July 2005 © 2005 Nancy Eranosian http://fletcher.tufts.edu Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2: China’s Uyghur Muslims.............................................................................. 5 Who are the Uyghurs? ................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 3: Uyghur Separatism and Promotion of Chinese National Unity................ 8 Contested claims to the land .......................................................................................... 8 Uyghur revolts and separatism...................................................................................... 8 China’s reaction............................................................................................................. 9 China’s National Minorities Policy............................................................................ 9 Politicization of Islam .................................................................................................. 12 Han immigration.......................................................................................................... 15 Accelerated promotion of assimilation.......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • China's Muslims Separatism and Prospects for Ethnic Peace
    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive DSpace Repository Theses and Dissertations 1. Thesis and Dissertation Collection, all items 2006-09 China's Muslims separatism and prospects for ethnic peace McKinney, Evan W. Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2567 Downloaded from NPS Archive: Calhoun NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS CHINA’S MUSLIMS: SEPARATISM AND PROSPECTS FOR ETHNIC PEACE by Evan W. McKinney September 2006 Thesis Co-Advisors: Alice Lyman Miller Tuong Vu Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED September 2006 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE China’s Muslims: Separatism and Prospects for Ethnic 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Peace 6. AUTHOR(S) Evan W. McKinney 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10.
    [Show full text]
  • Uighur Cultural Orientation
    1 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................. 2 MAP OF XINJIANG PROVINCE, CHINA ............................................................................... 5 CHAPTER 1 PROFILE ................................................................................................................ 6 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................... 6 AREA ............................................................................................................................................... 7 GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS AND TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES ........................................................... 7 NORTHERN HIGHLANDS .................................................................................................................. 7 JUNGGAR (DZUNGARIAN) BASIN ..................................................................................................... 8 TIEN SHAN ....................................................................................................................................... 8 TARIM BASIN ................................................................................................................................... 9 SOUTHERN MOUNTAINS .................................................................................................................. 9 CLIMATE ......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Untangling the Textiles in the Murals: a Study on the Monks’ Robes Depicted in the First Indo-Iranian Style Paintings of Kucha
    ❖ Articles ❖ Untangling the Textiles in the Murals: A Study on the Monks’ Robes depicted in the First Indo-Iranian Style Paintings of Kucha 〈in English〉 Satomi Hiyama SPD Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Visiting Scholar, Ryukoku University 59 ❖ 2018.3 ❖ Journal of World Buddhist Cultures Vol. 1 Abstract In contrast to the author’s last paper published in the previous volume of JWBC which introduced the visual syntax of the Buddhist mural paintings of the ancient Kucha Kingdom, this paper rather focuses on another aspect of these mural paintings as the visual witness of the particular historical, socio-cultural conditions of the region. The specific type of decorative pattern on the monks’ robes depicted in the narrative paintings of a particular style in Kucha is worth special attention. This paper consists of two main sections. The first section charts the geographical and chronological distribution of the depiction of textiles bearing this specific type of decorative pattern. They appear intensively in the Buddhist art in oasis towns from Gansu Province in the east to Bamiyan in the west, which are dated approximately from the middle of the fifth century to the middle of the six century. The second section analyzes the historical, social and ritual background of these depictions. The archaeological find of the textile fragment excavated from the Boma grave and the textual evidence found in the Turfan manuscripts leads to the supposition that these textiles are most probably portrayal of the actual textiles called “Kucha Silk (Qiuci-Jin)” at that time. The reason why textiles with such an outstanding geometric pattern could be accepted in the monastic environment may have to do with the local interpretation of the prescription in the Vinaya that the appropriate robes of monks should look like “the field of Magadha”.
    [Show full text]
  • August 28, 2020 Mark Morgan Acting Commissioner U.S. Customs And
    August 28, 2020 Mark Morgan Acting Commissioner U.S. Customs and Border Protection U.S. Department of Homeland Security 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20229 Email: [email protected] Re: Petition under 19 U.S.C. §1307 concerning the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China Dear Acting Commissioner Morgan I. Introduction Pursuant to 19 CFR §12.42(b),1 the undersigned organizations submit this petition to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) concerning goods that are being, or are likely to be, imported into the United States and which are produced with forced, prison or indentured labor contrary to 19 U.S.C. §1307 (as amended). As explained herein, the Government of the People’s Republic of China (GOC) has and continues to perpetrate a widespread and systematic program of human rights abuses in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (hereinafter “Uyghur Region”) targeting the Uyghur and other Turkic and/or Muslim peoples on the basis of their ethnicity and religion. An important component of this program is the extensive use of forced and prison labor for agriculture and industry throughout the Uyghur Region. Based on the information below and the attached reports, the petitioners have reason to believe the following: 1. Forced or prison labor is used on a widespread and systematic basis to harvest and process cotton in the Uyghur Region. As such, this cotton has been and is being produced “wholly or in part” with forced or prison labor. This cotton is not exported to the United States directly but rather is used in the manufacture of yarn, fabric and apparel.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Supply Chains, Forced Labor, and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
    GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS, FORCED LABOR, AND THE XINJIANG UYGHUR AUTONOMOUS REGION ROUNDTABLE BEFORE THE CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION MARCH 11, 2020 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available at www.cecc.gov or www.govinfo.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 40-452 PDF WASHINGTON : 2021 CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS House Senate JAMES P. MCGOVERN, Massachusetts, MARCO RUBIO, Florida, Cochair Chair JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma CHRIS SMITH, New Jersey TOM COTTON, Arkansas MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio STEVE DAINES, Montana THOMAS SUOZZI, New York TODD YOUNG, Indiana TOM MALINOWSKI, New Jersey DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California VICKY HARTZLER, Missouri JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon BEN MCADAMS, Utah GARY PETERS, Michigan BRIAN MAST, Florida ANGUS KING, Maine EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS Not yet appointed JONATHAN STIVERS, Staff Director PETER MATTIS, Deputy Staff Director (II) C O N T E N T S STATEMENTS Page Opening Statement of Hon. James P. McGovern, a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts; Chair, Congressional-Executive Commission on China ......... 1 Statement of Hon. Marco Rubio, a U.S. Senator from Florida; Cochair, Con- gressional-Executive Commission on China ...................................................... 3 Statement of Hon. Chris Smith, a U.S. Representative from New Jersey ......... 4 Statement of Hon. Jeff Merkley, a U.S. Senator from Oregon ............................ 5 Statement of Hon. Jennifer Wexton, a U.S. Representative from Virginia ........ 6 Statement of Hon. Thomas R. Suozzi, a U.S. Representative from New York ... 7 Nova, Scott, Executive Director, Worker Rights Consortium .............................. 9 Han, Shelly, Chief of Staff and Director of Engagement, Fair Labor Associa- tion .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Mathematic Expression of Art: Sino- Iranian and Uighur Textile Interactions and the Turfan Textile Collection in Berlin
    134 A Mathematic Expression of Art A Mathematic Expression of Art: Sino- Iranian and Uighur Textile Interactions and the Turfan Textile Collection in Berlin Mariachiara Gasparini, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Introduction The two main roads around the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang province, China, are commonly referred to as the Northern and Southern Silk Road. Along them once thrived important cities and sacred places, where different artistic influences from various Central Asian cultures had gathered. The northern road, along which the city of Turfan is located, transversed one of the main cross-cultural regions between East and West, which can be defined as Sogdian-Turfanese. It reaches from the city of Samarkand in present Uzbekistan to the area of Dunhuang in Gansu province, China (figure 1).1 Indian, Iranian, Chinese, Turkic and Mongolian Tibetan populations, along with diasporas from small and big heterogeneous ethnic groups, which over the centuries had moved in many directions along the Silk Road network, were among those who created a style that, due to its multi-ethnical features, should be recognized as “Central Asian”. Nevertheless, this term has still not found its rightful place in the history of art. Instead, the style has been labeled as “Chinese”, or sometimes “Iranian”, or “Indian” depending on the scholarly discipline of the studies. However, in the Sogdian-Turfanese context, where languages and religions belonging to western, eastern, northern, and southern regions coalesced, the collaboration of local artisans who emerged from this cultural melting pot made a distinctly Central Asian style recognizable and different from those of the metropolitan and central areas of the great Chinese, Iranian or Indian empires.
    [Show full text]