TFF-Smokescreen Report.Pages

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

TFF-Smokescreen Report.Pages Behind The Smokescreen An Analysis of the West’s Destructive China Cold War Agenda and Why It Must Stop TFF • The Transnational Foundation for Peace & Future Research 1 Behind The Smokescreen An Analysis of the West’s Destructive China Cold War Agenda and Why It Must Stop Gordon Dumoulin Jan Oberg Thore Vestby TFF • The Transnational Foundation for Peace & Future Research Lund, Sweden • [email protected] • The Transnational • Ph +46 (0)738 525200 • August 6, 2021 • © TFF 2021 Front-page photo 丁亦然 Unsplash 2 Table of Content Introduction The China Cold War Agenda as Dangerous Decline and Decay 6 Executive Summary 15 Chapter 1 China and the West - Competition Not Cooperation 19 Chapter 2 The Xinjiang Genocide Accusations As Agenda - and its sources 26 2.1 The compact Western mainstream media silence 27 2.2 The six primary sources behind the Xinjiang genocide documentation 29 2.3 Problematic issues, materials and producers 30 2.3.1 The number issue How many Uyghurs are in how many detention camps and facilities? 31 2.3.2 Funding and policy affiliations Where does the funding come from to produce the Xinjiang Genocide accusations? What political interests are behind? 36 2.3.3 Databases and witness statements The Victim Databases and the Credibility of witnesses 39 2.3.4 Politicisation, weaponisation and Adrian Zenz On human rights, there is only one interpretation possible 42 2.3.5 ASPI The Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI) 46 Chapter 3 Some facts about the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR): History and terrorism 52 3 3.1 Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) in China 52 3.2 Xinjiang in recent history 53 3.3 Counterproductive US meddling in Chinese affairs 56 Chapter 4 Smokescreening: Media Manipulation Methods (MMM) Promoted by Governments and Media 59 4.1 Nine Media Manipulation Methods 59 4.2 The decline in Western media and research standards 63 Chapter 5 The China Themes - and Non-Themes - in Western Governments and Media 66 Chapter 6 Concrete Smokescreening and Media Manipulation Methods (MMM) Used Against China 71 6.1 Some random examples 72 6.2 Fake, omission, self censorship and the ’party line’: Cancel dissenters! 76 6.3 Really? The World Bank gave loans to the ”concentration camps”? 80 Chapter 7 Case Studies: The Forced Labour Accusation 82 7.1 ASPI and Adrian Zenz again 82 7.2 The best US think tank ”connects the dots” 85 7.3 The Better Cotton Initiative - and the stories of the great architect of future China and BBC’s Nazi Germany-China parallel 89 Chapter 8 The China Accusation Industry - What’s Next? 96 8.1 Slow genocide non-Zenz 96 8.2 Amnesty International’s participation in the CCWA 97 8.3 Beijing’s coming invasion of Taiwan/ROC 102 8.4 The next items of the China Accusation Industry with its racist overtones 106 4 Chapter 9 Don’t Throw Stones When You Live In A Glass House 109 9.1 Indicators of projection accusation: We, Them & Reality 112 9.2 Atrocity propaganda - it’s about the US itself and will create a boomerang 116 Chapter 10 The China Themes – Terrorism Costs and Results 118 10.1 The costs of the US and China fighting against terrorism 118 10.2 Hidden agendas behind fighting terrorism 121 10.3 Two vitally different ways of combatting terrorism 122 Chapter 11 US Laws For the Anti-China CCWA and Confrontation - Not For Cooperation With China 124 11.1 Not empty words 124 11.2 Human rights as a primary tool for a world-dominating foreign policy that is impossible and self-destructive 127 11.3 The propaganda role of the media in the CCWA 128 11.4 Inevitable world order changes and the forthcoming TFF report 129 5 Introduction The China Cold War Agenda as Dangerous Decline and Decay What happened to the US perception of China? By way of introduction, let’s flashback to 2011. Watch then US Vice President Joe Biden speak in a Chinese classroom - President Xi listening carefully - about how good it is for both China and the US that China grows, how they have nothing to fear from each other and how cooperation and educational exchange programs will yield mutually beneficial results. And less than ten years later, the US began to develop a new China Cold War Agenda, CCWA, fierce and fast. We must ask: Why? What happened to the US and Mr Biden? Recent years have seen a marked shift in how Western government, research and media look at China. Especially the last couple of years, we have witnessed how, daily, a systematically negative attitude bordering on demonisation has been promoted. And according to reliable surveys, it has caused a significant intensification - ”historic highs” - in citizens’ unfavourable views of China in many countries. This could have been caused by some sudden policies and actions by China perceived as negative around the world. We fail, however, to see any such abrupt moves that could have caused such a significant and uniform attitudinal change. It is more realistic to hypothesise that this increasingly negative attitude is manufactured, orchestrated, and correlates with other initiatives and policies pursued by the US and its NATO allies in roughly the same period. 6 During the past two years, there has also been a substantial increase in Western attention to China concerning various issues. One immediately thinks of the Coronavirus, human rights violations, genocide in Xinjiang, riots in Hong Kong, the Taiwan issue or security threats from Huawei and other Chinese businesses as some of the headline concerns in news, commentaries, documentaries and also research and policy debates. China has increasingly been a priority for political debates, foreign policy agendas and mainstream media in Western nations with narratives and accusations piling up with more extreme accusations by the day followed by condemnations, warnings or restrictions by trade, sanctions, media narratives, diplomacy, militarism, cultural exchange or education. Yet another dimension of this change is that China has been narrowed down, so to speak. Most media and people, including foreign policy officers, only need one hand to point out how they view China and what they think about China. Finding nuanced notes or different perspectives in these media productions, opinions and discussions is like searching for a needle in a haystack. It is possible to summarise these - negative-only - themes into a few types: dictatorial menace to the free world + human rights violations + security threats + exploitations through the Belt and Road Initiative + territorial aggressions (Hong Kong, Xinjiang, Tibet, Taiwan, South China sea) and forced labour. In general, Western media do not report on, and politicians do not bother about, the obvious fact that something positive is (also) happening in China - be it the uplifting of some 850 million people out of poverty, the tremendously fast socio- economic development the last forty years, the Belt And Road Initiative (BRI) - humanity’s largest-ever civilian cooperation project involving today 80+ countries. While the Chinese are curious about and have learnt from the West for decades - and tens of millions of them travel to the West as tourists every year - the 7 general curiosity about China in the West is rather close to zero. Chinese culture has not been assimilated into the West while lots of elements of Western lifestyle, music, theatre, ballet, art and the English language has been welcomed and assimilated into the Chinese society. This second TFF report This report is the second in a series from TFF. The first was ”The Xinjiang Genocide Determination As Agenda” (April 2021). It had a more narrow focus than we have here in that it investigated the quality of the Xinjiang genocide accusation’s documentation (as presented in an allegedly authoritative, independent report). It concluded that there was too much deficient scholarship, untrustworthy sources and most of it produced by many scholars who seem to have a less noble agenda, such as ”weaponising” human rights issues in service of an even more hawkish US foreign policy in general and vis-a-vis China in particular. In what follows, we provide an overview of how - and how fast - the downward spiralling of negative China themes came about, including insights and perspectives for broader and deeper analysis in a series of forthcoming TFF reports. We offer an account of what we believe is an orchestrated policy and media campaign, which we call the China Cold War Agenda, CCWA. It has deplorable undertones of a Sinophobia and racism that builds on old historical elements and may remind us of the ”Yellow Peril”. It is virtually devoid of deeper factual knowledge about China - its history, people, culture, values, ways of thinking, socio-economic system and political outlook. We cannot but present a substantial criticism of Western mainstream media in general and their coverage of the US/NATO-China relations in particular. 8 None of the authors come from the media world - but we have used media ourselves and been consumers of media for quite a few decades. TFF being a research-based public education foundation - and completely independent of state and corporate funding - has always interacted with media. We know how to critique politicising media and media that serve war instead of public information based on facts, diverse and factual sources and as objective as humanly possible. As peace researcher Johan Galtung has stated somewhere - ”If truth is war’s first victim, complexity is the second.” The reduction of the world’s complexity into a typical Western dichotomy of bad guys versus good guys, them versus us, the West versus the Rest - with no wish to understand the issues or problems that stand between the parties in any conflict - has become unbearable from both a scholarly and a public service perspective.
Recommended publications
  • Current Situation and Way out of Cotton Subsidiary Industry in Xinjiang
    2019 2nd International Workshop on Advances in Social Sciences (IWASS 2019) Current Situation and Way out of Cotton Subsidiary Industry in Xinjiang Linyan Zhang, Xiaohu Liu Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China Keywords: Xinjiang, Cotton Subsidiary Industry, Development Countermeasures Abstract: Xinjiang is a National Production Base for Super-Large Commercial Cotton. as the Leading Industry in Xinjiang, the Cotton Industry is the Pillar to Promote Economic Development, Increase Farmers' Income and Social Stability in Xinjiang. At Present, Xinjiang's Cotton Textile Owners Are Mainly Engaged in Spinning and Weaving. the Short Industrial Chain and Low Industrial Concentration Seriously Restrict the Improvement of Xinjiang's Cotton Textile Industry's Development Capability. Based on the Analysis of the Present Situation and Existing Problems of Xinjiang's Cotton by-Product Resources, This Paper Expounds the Advantages and Constraints of Xinjiang in Developing Cotton by-Products, and Then Puts Forward Some Countermeasures to Speed Up the Development of Xinjiang's Cotton by-Product Processing Industry. 1. Introduction As the Largest High-Quality Commercial Cotton Production Area in China, Xinjiang Region is Rich in Types and Resources of Cotton by-Products. in Recent Years, Some Cotton-Related Enterprises in Xinjiang Region Have Increased Investment in the Production and Sales of Cotton by-Products, Actively Introduced and Developed New Processing Technologies, Gradually Extended the Industrial Chain of Xinjiang Commercial Cotton, and Increased the Value of Cotton by-Products [1]. Cotton Production Accounts for More Than One Third of the Country's Total. as the Leading Industry in Xinjiang, Cotton Industry is the Pillar to Promote Xinjiang's Economic Development, Increase Farmers' Income and Social Stability.
    [Show full text]
  • Teach Uyghur Project Educational Outreach Document
    TEACH UYGHUR PROJECT EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH DOCUMENT UYGHUR AMERICAN ASSOCIATION / NOVEMBER 2020 Who are the Uyghurs? The Uyghurs are a Turkic, majority Muslim ethnic group indigenous to Central Asia. The Uyghur homeland is known to Uyghurs as East Turkistan, but is officially known and internationally recognized as the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Due to the occupation of their homeland by the Qing Dynasty of China and the colonization of East Turkistan initiated by the Chinese Communist Party, many Uyghurs have fled abroad. There are several hundred thousand Uyghurs living in the independent Central Asian states of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, as well as a large diaspora in Turkey and in Europe. There are and estimated 8,000 to 10,000 Uyghurs in the United States. The Uyghur people are currently being subjected to a campaign of mass incarceration, mass surveillance, forced labor, population control, and genocide, perpetrated by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). About the Uyghur American Association (UAA) Established in 1998, the Uyghur American Association (UAA) is a non-partisan organization with the chief goals of promoting and preserving Uyghur culture, and supporting the right of Uyghur people to use peaceful, democratic means to determine their own political futures. Based in the Washington D.C. Metropolitan Area, the UAA serves as the primary hub for the Uyghur diaspora community in the United States. About the "Teach Uyghur Project" Education is a powerful tool for facilitating change. The goal of this project is to encourage teachers to teach about Uyghurs, and to persuade schools, and eventually state legislatures, to incorporate Uyghurs into primary and secondary school curriculum.
    [Show full text]
  • Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler a Dissertati
    Spirit Breaking: Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2018 Reading Committee: Sasha Su-Ling Welland, Chair Ann Anagnost Stevan Harrell Danny Hoffman Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Anthropology ©Copyright 2018 Darren T. Byler University of Washington Abstract Spirit Breaking: Uyghur Dispossession, Culture Work and Terror Capitalism in a Chinese Global City Darren T. Byler Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Sasha Su-Ling Welland, Department of Gender, Women, and Sexuality Studies This study argues that Uyghurs, a Turkic-Muslim group in contemporary Northwest China, and the city of Ürümchi have become the object of what the study names “terror capitalism.” This argument is supported by evidence of both the way state-directed economic investment and security infrastructures (pass-book systems, webs of technological surveillance, urban cleansing processes and mass internment camps) have shaped self-representation among Uyghur migrants and Han settlers in the city. It analyzes these human engineering and urban planning projects and the way their effects are contested in new media, film, television, photography and literature. It finds that this form of capitalist production utilizes the discourse of terror to justify state investment in a wide array of policing and social engineering systems that employs millions of state security workers. The project also presents a theoretical model for understanding how Uyghurs use cultural production to both build and refuse the development of this new economic formation and accompanying forms of gendered, ethno-racial violence.
    [Show full text]
  • China Media Bulletin
    Issue No. 154: May 2021 CHINA MEDIA BULLETIN Headlines ANALYSIS The Gutting of Hong Kong’s Public Broadcaster P2 IN THE NEWS • Regulators “clean up” internet ahead of CCP anniversary alongside censorship of Oscars, Bible apps, and Weibo P5 • Surveillance updates: Personal data-protection law advances, Apple compromises on user data, citizen backlash P6 • Criminal charges for COVID commentary, Uyghur religious expression, Tibetan WeChat use P7 • Hong Kong: Website blocks, netizen arrests, journalist beating, and Phoenix TV ownership change P9 • Beyond China: Beijing’s COVID-19 media strategy, waning propaganda impact in Europe, new US regulations to enhance transparency P10 FEATURED PUSHBACK Netizens demand transparency on Chengdu student’s death P12 WHAT TO WATCH FOR P13 TAKE ACTION P14 IMAGE OF THE MONTH Is RTHK History? This cartoon published on April 5 by a Hong Kong visual arts teacher is part of a series called “Hong Kong Today.” It depicts a fictional Hong Kong Museum of History, which includes among its exhibits two institutions that have been critical to the city’s freedom, but are being undermined by Chinese and Hong Kong government actions. The first is the Basic Law, the mini-constitution guaranteeing freedom of expression and other fundamental rights; the other is Radio Television Hong Kong (RTHK), the once-respected public broadcaster now facing a government takeover. The teacher who posted the cartoon is facing disciplinary action from the Education Department. Credit: @vawongsir Instagram Visit http://freedomhou.se/cmb_signup or email [email protected] to subscribe or submit items. CHINA MEDIA BULLETIN: MAY 2021 ANALYSIS The Gutting of Hong Kong’s Public Broadcaster By Sarah Cook A government takeover of Radio Television Hong Kong has far-reaching Sarah Cook is the implications.
    [Show full text]
  • April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press
    April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press [ 1 ] April 2021 Monthly Journal of Press UK LAWMAKERS DECLARE CHINA’S TREATMENT OF UYGHURS IS GENOCIDE British lawmakers have unanimously declared Chi- na’s ongoing crackdown in Xinjiang a genocide, joining the United States, Canada and the Neth- erlands in condemning Beijing’s actions against Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in the far- west region in the strongest possible terms. China has been accused of detaining up to 2 lawmaker Yasmin Qureshi, a member of the million people in a system of camps set up Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China UK, across Xinjiang in recent years, with survi- said. vors alleging widespread abuse, including brainwashing, torture, rape and forced labor. “That this government is pursuing deeper Beijing has denied the worst accusations, de- trade ties with China while these abuses con- fending the system as a vocational training tinue is unthinkable.” and deradicalization program vital to ensur- Introducing the motion Thursday, Conserva- ing the region’s security. tive lawmaker Nusrat Ghani told lawmakers Following a debate on Thursday, the House that “while we must never misuse the term of Commons passed unopposed a non-bind- genocide, we must not fail to use it when it’s ing resolution condemning “mass human warranted.” rights abuses and crimes against humanity in Governments insist that genocide can only Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region.” be determined by competent courts, said “Today’s vote must mark a turning point. Ghani, but “every route to a court is blocked No one can still deny the scale of the abuses by China.” taking place in the Xinjiang region,” Labour [ 1 ] Monthly Journal of Press April 2021 “Our government is handcuffed, paralyzed nation to safeguard its “national sovereignty, by the United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CCP's NEXT CENTURY Expanding Economic Control, Digital Governance and National Security
    MERICS PAPERS ON CHINA THE CCP'S NEXT CENTURY Expanding economic control, digital governance and national security No 10 | June 2021 THE CCP'S NEXT CENTURY Expanding economic control, digital governance and national security Edited by: Nis Grünberg | Claudia Wessling Authors: Katja Drinhausen | Mikko Huotari | John Lee | Helena Legarda Contents Introduction Unlocking anti-fragile China: How Xi reinforces the party state for global leadership Nis Grünberg .......................................................................................................................................................6 Who is the CCP? Facts about the Chinese Communist Party in infographics ......................... 13 Party-state capitalism under Xi: aligning the economy with political objectives Nis Grünberg .................................................................................................................... 19 Key findings ...............................................................................................................21 1. Turning 100, the CCP can celebrate its economic power .....................................21 2. Building an economic order around party leadership .......................................23 3. Beijing sees the party state ascendant over the liberal state ...............................31 The CCP in 2021: smart governance, cyber sovereignty and tech supremacy Katja Drinhausen, John Lee .............................................................................................. 37 Key findings ...............................................................................................................39
    [Show full text]
  • Community Matters in Xinjiang 1880–1949 China Studies
    Community Matters in Xinjiang 1880–1949 China Studies Published for the Institute for Chinese Studies University of Oxford Editors Glen Dudbridge Frank Pieke VOLUME 17 Community Matters in Xinjiang 1880–1949 Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur By Ildikó Bellér-Hann LEIDEN • BOSTON 2008 Cover illustration: Woman baking bread in the missionaries’ home (Box 145, sheet nr. 26. Hanna Anderssons samling). Courtesy of the National Archives of Sweden (Riksarkivet) and The Mission Covenant Church of Sweden (Svenska Missionskyrkan). This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bellér-Hann, Ildikó. Community matters in Xinjiang, 1880–1949 : towards a historical anthropology of the Uyghur / by Ildikó Bellér-Hann. p. cm — (China studies, ISSN 1570–1344 ; v. 17) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-16675-2 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Uighur (Turkic people)—China— Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu—Social life and customs. 2. Uighur (Turkic people)—China— Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu—Religion. 3. Muslims—China—Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu. 4. Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (China)—Social life and customs. 5. Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (China)—Ethnic relations. 6. Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu (China)—History—19th century. I. Title. II. Series. DS731.U4B35 2008 951’.604—dc22 2008018717 ISSN 1570-1344 ISBN 978 90 04 16675 2 Copyright 2008 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • These Sources Are Verifiable and Come From
    0 General aim: To give institutions a report as unbiased, independent and reliable as possible, in order to raise the quality of the debate and thus the relative political decisions. Specific aims: To circulate this report to mass media and in public fora of various nature (i.e. human rights summits) as well as at the institutional level, with the purpose of enriching the reader’s knowledge and understanding of this region, given its huge implications in the world peace process. As is well known, for some years now highly politicised anti-Chinese propaganda campaigns have targeted the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, often spreading groundless, non-verifiable or outright false information, triggering on these bases a sanctions war and causing serious damage to international relations. There is a dramatic lack of unbiased and alternative documentation on the topic, especially by researchers who have lived and studied in China and Xinjiang. This report aims to fill this gap, by deepening and contextualising the region and its real political, economic and social dynamics, and offering an authoritative and documented point of view vis-à- vis the reports that Western politicians currently have at their disposal. The ultimate goal of this documentation is to promote an informed public debate on the topic and offer policymakers and civil society a different point of view from the biased and specious accusations coming from the Five Eyes countries, the EU and some NGOs and think-tanks. Recently some Swedish researchers have done a great job of deconstructing the main Western allegations about the situation in the autonomous region of Xinjiang.
    [Show full text]
  • Viewed at the Sideline: Yeah, Nah
    China-haters run for cover as Newscorp ‘virus warfare’ propaganda implodes 17 May—At no point since the Canberra intelligence establishment and its media puppets commenced their anti-China propaganda campaign in earnest some five years ago have they put forth any meaningful evidence to back up their accusations against Beijing. On the contrary, it would be fair to say that their proofs have grown ever flimsier in proportion to the scale of atrocity alleged. Newscorp’s attempt this month to revive the “Wuhan lab leak” theory on the origin of the COVID-19 coronavirus may (we hope) be the nadir of this trend, being so transparently stupid that it has been roundly rejected by other news agencies, and even disowned by some of the very “experts” it cites, whose own outlandish China scare-stories have already strained credulity to its limits, and who have gone strangely quiet since. It is early days yet, and this will likely be only a temporary lull; but in the event the dying Anglo-American empire to which Australia is annexed doesn’t take the world down with it in a thermonuclear holocaust, some future historian may pinpoint 8 May 2021 as the day our nation’s media-inflated bubble of anti-China hysteria burst, and the Australian newspaper’s front-page “exclusive” that day, headlined “‘Virus warfare’ in China files”, as the pin that pricked it. Penned by the Australian’s “investigations writer” Sharri Markson, the article claims that “Chinese military scientists discussed the weaponisation of SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome] coronaviruses
    [Show full text]
  • India's Cotton Consumption Damaged by Weaker
    AUGUST 26, 2019 JERNIGANGLOBAL.COM ISSUE NO. 1033 CHINA DOMESTIC CHINA STATE OWNED XINJIANG PRISON CAMPS ICE FUTURES REMAIN APPAREL SALES SET TO COMPANIES DRIVE LEAD TO CALL FOR WEAK AS TRADE CONTRACT IN 2019 OVERCAPACITY BOYCOTT OF XINJIANG WAR MOVES TOWARD COTTON DISENGAGEMENT THE CHINA IMPACT: INDIA’S COTTON CONSUMPTION DAMAGED BY WEAKER CHINESE COTTON YARN DEMAND he drop in demand for cotton and cotton yarn has July to only 12,000 tons from 40-50,000 tons a month Tleft China’s ports awash with unsold cotton and early in 2019. The competitiveness of Indian yarns cotton yarn stocks. Unsold port stocks of cotton at was first affected by the divergence of domestic cotton Qingdao are near 350-400,000 tons, which is believed prices from international price levels. Furthermore, the to be maximum capacity. Zhangiagang in Jiangsu, devaluation of the RMB against the USD has added to a smaller river port within a free trade zone, is a importers woes, as domestic yarns become cheaper. second port used to store imported cotton. Unsold India has been a key exporter of open-end yarns to port stocks have presently reached a new record of China, but these yarns are no longer competitive. more than 80,000 tons, which is more than a 30,000 tons increase during the past 30 days. Unsold stocks The downturn in Chinese cotton yarn demand has of imported cotton yarn are estimated at 100,000 caused significant problems for India’s non-vertical tons, with approximately 40,000 tons stored in spinners that are primarily focused on exports.
    [Show full text]
  • Applying International Law Solutions to the Xinjiang Crisis
    Applying International Law Solutions to the Xinjiang Crisis Preston Jordan Lim* I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 90 II. LEGAL CATEGORIZATION OF ABUSES IN XINJIANG............................ 94 A. Terms of Moderate Utility ....................................................................... 96 1. Genocide: A Term of Moderate Utility ................................................ 96 2. Cultural Genocide: A Term of Moderate Utility ................................ 102 3. Violative of Human Rights Treaties: A Term of Moderate Utility .... 107 B. Terms of High Utility .............................................................................. 111 1. Crimes Against Humanity: A Term of High Utility ............................ 112 i. Torture ............................................................................................ 117 ii. Forced Sterilization ....................................................................... 120 iii. Apartheid ....................................................................................... 122 2. Forced Labor, as Differentiated from Enslavement: A Term of High Utility ........................................................................................................ 125 III. HOLDING CHINA TO ACCOUNT ........................................................ 129 A. Suit Before the International Criminal Court ....................................... 129 B. Suit Before the International Court of Justice ......................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Uyghurs of China: a Genocide in the Making
    The Uyghurs of China: A Genocide in the Making Tracking the Stages of Genocide Henrietta Störig International Relations Dept. of Global Political Studies Bachelor programme – IR103L 15 credits thesis Spring 2020 Supervisor: Erika Svedberg Henrietta Störig 980123-T029 Malmö University Abstract Recent reports on the forced sterilization of Uyghur women in the People’s Republic of China prompted experts to recognize the on-going situation as genocide. The aim of this thesis is to examine the different events that constitute the current genocide of the Uyghur nation in China, what led to it, and how it is likely to further develop. Based on Stanton’s 10 Stages of Genocide, a simple historical process research is conducted to analyse the causes and stages of the Uyghur genocide, and to make predictions regarding the ensuing stages and international intervention. By applying the theory of constructivism to the analysis, it becomes evident that genocide is a process that is produced by the social, economic, and political international structure, which renders many prevention measures ineffective. The thesis concludes that only immediate international intervention and prosecution of the perpetrator on the count of genocide conspiracy can prevent the irreversible destruction of the Uyghur nation. (Word count: 13 991) Henrietta Störig 980123-T029 Malmö University Table of Contents I. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 II. Literature Review ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]