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Evolutionary and Biostratigraphic Implications rocks of south coastal British REFERENCES Columbia survived into the . Of these, Enoploclytia and Latheticocarcinus survived into Alcock, A. 1900. Materials for a carcinological fauna of the Paleocene Epoch (Glaessner, 1969; Schweitzer India, 5: The Brachyura Primagenia or . et al., 2004). The remainder survived at least into Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 68(II:3): 123– 169. the , and Calliax and Neocallichirus are Bachmayer, F. 1954. Zwei bemerkenswerte Crustaceen- extant. Thus, the decapod genera discussed here Funde aus dem Jungtertiär des Wiener Beckens. do not appear to have been appreciably affected by Sitzungsberichte. Österreichische Akademie der the K/T extinction event. Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse. Abteilung 1. Biologie, Mineralogie, Erdkunde, und Verwandte Wissenschaften, 163(1 2): 63–70. Bate, C. S. 1888. Report on the Crustacea Macrura collected ACKNOWLEDGMENTS by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. This work is the result of the efforts of numer- Challenger during the years 1873–76, Zoology 24: i-xc, ous individuals, other than the authors, who donat- 1 942, pls. 1–157. Bell, T. 1858. A monograph of the malacostracous ed material for this study, facilitated the field Crustacea of Great Britain, Pt. I, Crustacea of the work, and offered stratigraphic and other informa- London Clay. Palaeontographical Society Monograph, tion. Without their generosity, the comprehensive London, 44 p. nature of this study would not have been possible. Bell, T. 1863. A monograph of the fossil malacostracous A. E. and M. Bernard collected and donated spec- Crustacea of Great Britain, Pt. II, Crustacea of the Gault and Greensand. Palaeontographical Society Monograph, imens, and A. Bernard assisted with field work and London, 40 p. provided a boat for transport to the Cowichan Berglund, R.E., and Feldmann, R.M. 1989. A new , Lake localities. D. Bowen, Courtenay, BC, Rogueus orri n. gen. and sp. (: Brachyura) Canada, donated specimens to the study. D. from the Lookingglass Formation (Ulatisian Stage: Meckert, Courtenay, BC, Canada, donated numer- Lower Middle Eocene) of southwestern Oregon. Journal of Paleontology, 63: 69–73. ous specimens and assisted with field work and Beurlen, K. 1930. Vergleichende Stammesgeschichte stratigraphic interpretations. P. Bock and J. Grundlagen, Methoden, Probleme unter Besonderer Whittles assisted with field work. K. Morrison Beruchsichtingung der hoheren Krebse. Fortschrift prepared the specimen of Hoploparia horrida; his Geologie und Paleontologie, 8: 317–586. patience and skill is much appreciated. P. S. Bice, K. L., Scotese, C. R., Seidov, D., and Barron, E. J. 2000. Quantifying the role of geographic changes in Mustard and J. Haggart provided numerous help- Cenozoic ocean heat transport using uncoupled atmos- ful discussions and invaluable advice and informa- phere and ocean models. Palaeogeography, tion about the stratigraphy of the area. R. Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 161: 295–310. Ludvigsen and G. Beard, Vancouver Island, BC, Binkhorst, J. T. Van den. 1858. Neue Krebse aus der actively support amateur paleontology in the area. Maestrichter Tuffkreide. Verhandlungen des naturhis- torischen Vereins in preussische Rheinland und Mustard, G. Caldwell, and two anonymous Westfalen (Bonn), 14: 107–110. reviewers provided very thorough and careful Bishop, G. A. 1983a. Fossil decapod from the reviews of the manuscript; our thanks to them. D. Lower Cretaceous Glen Rose Limestone of Central A. Waugh, Department of Geology, KSU, assisted Texas. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural with editing the figures. C. Kristof and the entire History, 20: 27–55. Bishop, G. A. 1983b. Two new of , Interlibrary Loan Staff, Kent State University, pro- Notopocorystes (Eucorystes) eichhorni and vided loans and requests in a timely fashion and Zygastrocarcinus griesi (Decapoda: Brachyura) from helped locate old and obscure literature. the Bearpaw Shale (Campanian) of north-central Montana. Journal of Paleontology, 57: 900–910.

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Belgique, Sciences de la Terre, 63: 261–270. gen., n. sp., from the of San Diego Collins, J. S. H., Donovan, S. K., and Dixon, H. L. 1996. County, California, U.S.A., and Baja California Norte, Crabs and barnacles (Crustacea: Decapoda & Mexico. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Cirripedia) from the late Pleistocene Port Mortant Natural History, 21(15): 245–257. Formation of southeast Jamaica. Bulletin of the Bishop, G. A. 1992. A new Cretaceous crab, Diaulax miller- Mizunami Fossil Museum, 23: 51–63. ae (Crustacea: Decapoda), from the northern Atlantic Collins, J. S. H., Fraaye, R. H. B., and Jagt, J. W. M. 1995. Coastal Plain, U. S. A. Proceedings of the Biological Late Cretaceous anomurans and brachyurans from the Society of Washington, 105: 555–561. type area. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, Bishop, G. A., and Williams, A. B. 1991. Necrocarcinus 40: 165–210. olsonorum, new species, a crab (Decapoda: Calappidae) Collins, J. S. H., Kanie, Y., and Karasawa, H. 1993. 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Wells du Limborg. In Verhandelingen uttgegeven door de and W. W. K. Houston. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, commissie belast met het vervaardigen eener beschryv- Australia, 641 pp. ing en kaart van Nederland. Teede deet:1–127. A. C. De Angeli, A., and Beschin, C. 2002. Branchioplax albertii, Kruseman, Haarlem. nuova specie di (Crustacea, Decapoda) Carter, J. 1872. On Orithopsis Bonneyi, a new fossil crus- dell'Eocene di Cava "Main" di Arzignano (Vicenza- tacean. Geological Magazine, 9: 529–532. Italia Settentrionale). Lavori-Società Veneziana di Checchia-Rispoli, C. 1905. I Crostacei del Eocene dei din- Scienze Naturali, 27: 125–130. tori di Monreale in provincia di Palermo. Giornale delle Deslongchamps, E. E. 1835. Mémoir pour servirà l'histoire Societa Scienze Naturale Economico di Palermo, 25: naturelle des Crustacés fossiles. Mémoires de la Societé 309–325. Linnaean Normandie, 5: 37–46, pl. 1. Collins, J. S. H., and Jakobsen, S. L. 1994. A synopsis of the Desmarest, A. G. 1822. 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Description of a new genus and species Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des of fossil crab from Port Townsend, Washington. Sciences, Paris (series D), 277: 513–516. American Journal of Science, 41: 344–346. Sakai, K. 1988. A new genus and five new species of Rathbun, M. J. 1917. New species of South Dakota Callianassidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea) Cretaceous crabs. Proceedings of the United States from northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the National Museum, 52: 385–391. Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 5: Rathbun, M. J. 1926a. The fossil stalk-eyed Crustacea of the 51–69. Pacific Slope of North America. United States National Sakai, T. 1976. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. Museum Bulletin 138, 155 pp. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo. Rathbun, M. J. 1926b. Phylum Arthropoda. In The fauna of Samouelle, G. 1819. The Entomologist's Useful the Ripley Formation of Coon Creek, Tennessee. Edited Compendium, or An Introduction to the Knowledge of by B. Wade. United States Geological Survey British Insects. London, 496 pp. Professional Paper 137, pp. 184 191, pl. LXIII–LXX. Sandy, M. R. 1990. A new Early Cretaceous articulate bra- Rathbun, M. J. 1932. New species of fossil Raninidae from chiopod from the Northwest Territories, Canada, and its Oregon. Journal of the Washington Academy of paleobiogeographic significance. Journal of Science, 22: 239–242. Paleontology, 64: 367–372. Rathbun, M. J. 1935. Fossil Crustacea of the Atlantic and Schlüter, C. A. 1868. In Neue Fische und Krebse aus der Gulf Coastal Plain. Geological Society of America Kreide von Westphalens. By C. A. Schlüter and K. Special Paper 2, 160 p. Marck. Palaeontographica, 15: 269–305. Rathbun, M. J. 1937. The oxystomatous and allied crabs of Schweitzer, C. E. 2001. Paleobiogeography of Cretaceous America. United States National Museum Bulletin 166, and Tertiary decapod crustaceans of the North Pacific 278 pp. Ocean. Journal of Paleontology, 75: 808–826. Reed, F. R. C. 1911. New Crustacea from the Lower Schweitzer, C. E. 2003. Utility of proxy characters for clas- Greensand of the Isle of Wight. Geological Magazine, 8: sification of fossils: an example from the 115–120. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Journal of Remes, M. 1895. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Crustaceen der Paleontology, 77: (In press) Stramberger Schichten. Bulletin international de Schweitzer, C. E., and Feldmann, R. M. 1999. Fossil deca- l'Academie des Sciences de Bohème, 2: 200–204, pls. 1 pod crustaceans from the late Oligocene to early 3. Miocene Pysht Formation and late Eocene Quimper Remy, J. M., and Avnimelech, M. 1955. Eryon yehoachi nov. Sandstone, Olympic Peninsula, Washington. Annals of sp. et Cenomanocarcinus cf. vanstraeleni Stenzel, Carnegie Museum, 68: 215–273. Crustacés décapodes du Crétacé supèrieur de l'état Schweitzer, C. E., and Feldmann, R. M. 2000a. New species d'Isreal. 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M. 2002. New Eocene Woodbine Formation of Texas. United States decapods (Thalassinidea and Brachyura) from Southern Geological Survey, Professional Paper, 242: 212–217. California. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 22: 938–967. Swen, K., Fraaije, R. H. B., van der Zwaan, G. J. 2001. Schweitzer, C. E., Feldmann, R. M., Gonzales Barba, G., and Polymorphy and extinction of the Late Cretaceous bur- Vega, F. J. 2002. New crabs from the Eocene and rowing shrimp Protocallianassa faujasi and first record Oligocene of Baja California Sur, Mexico and an assess- of the genera Corallianassa and Calliax (Crustacea, ment of the evolutionary and paleobiogeographic impli- Decapoda, Thalassinoidea) from the Cretaceous. cations of Mexican fossil decapods. The Paleontological Contributions to Zoology, 70: 85–98. Society Memoir 59 (Supplement to Journal of Takeda, M., and Fujiyama, I. 1983. Three decapod crus- Paleontology, Vol. 76): 43 pp. taceans from the Lower Cretaceous Miyako Group, Schweitzer, C. E., Feldmann, R. M., Tucker, A. B, and Northern Japan. Bulletin of the National Science Berglund, R. E. 2000. Eocene decapod crustaceans from Museum, Tokyo, series C, 9(4): 129–136. Pulali Point, Washington. Annals of Carnegie Museum, Tshudy, D. 1993. and evolution of the lobster 60: 23–67. families Nephropidae and Chilenophoberidae. Schweitzer, C. E., Lacovara, K. J., Smith, J. B., Lamanna, M. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Kent State University, C., Lyon, M. A., and Attia, Y. 2003. Mangrove-dwelling Kent, Ohio, USA. crabs (Brachyura: ) associated with Tshudy, D., and Babcock, L. E. 1997. Morphology-based dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of phylogenetic analysis of the clawed lobsters (Family Egypt. Journal of Paleontology, 77: 888-894. Nephropidae and the new family Chilenophoberidae). Schweitzer, C. E., Nyborg, T., Feldmann, R. M., and Ross, Journal of Crustacean Biology, 17: 253–263. R. de Haan, 1839, and Tshudy, D., and Parsons, G. A. 1998. Intraspecific variation Alcock, 1900 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from in external morphology of the American lobster, the Pacific Northwest of North America and a reassess- americanus (Crustacea: Decapoda: ment of their fossil records. Journal of Paleontology, 78: Nephropidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of (in press). Washington, 111: 102–109. Schweitzer-Hopkins, C. E. 1996. Fossil Decapod Tucker, A. B. 1995. A systematic evaluation of fossil Crustaceans of the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene Raninidae from the Twin River Group, Olympic Pysht Formation and Late Eocene Quimper Sandstone, Peninsula, Washington, and a re-examination of the Olympic Peninsula, Washington. Unpublished M. Sc. Raninidae. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Kent State thesis, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA. University, Kent, Ohio, USA. Schweitzer-Hopkins, C. E., and Feldmann, R. M. 1997. Tucker, A. B. 1998. Systematics of the Raninidae Sexual dimorphism in fossil and extant species of (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura), with accounts of Callianopsis de Saint Laurent. Journal of Crustacean three new genera and two new species. Proceedings of Biology, 17: 236–252. the Biological Society of Washington, 111: 320–371. Segerberg, K. O. 1900. De anomura och brachyura Tucker, A. B., and Feldmann, R. M. 1990. Fossil decapod decapoderna inom Skandinaviens Yngre krita. crustaceans from the Lower Tertiary of the Prince Geologiska Föreningens, Stockholm Förhandlingar, no. William Sound region, Gulf of Alaska. Journal of 201, Bd. 22, Häft 5: 347–390. Paleontology, 64: 409–427. Siebold, P. H. von. 1824. De historiae naturalis in Japonia Van Straelen, V. 1924 [1925]. Contribution à l'étude des statu, nec non de augmento emolumentisque in decursu crustacés décapodes de la période Jurassique. Memoires perscrutationum exspectandis dissertatio, cui accendunt de l'Academie royale Belgique, Cl Sciences, Part 4, Spicilegia Faunae Japonicae. Batavia, pp. 1–16. Series 2, 7: 1–462. Sliter, W. V. 1973. Upper Cretaceous foraminifers from the Van Straelen, V. 1934. Contribution à l'étude des crustacés Vancouver Island area, British Columbia, Canada. decapodes fossiles de la Catalogne. Geologique Pays 63

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Cretaceous and Eocene Decapod Crustaceans Catalans, 3: 1–6. Winckler, T. C. 1882 (1883). Carcinological investigation on Van Straelen, V. 1936. Crustacés Décapodes nouveaux ou the genera Pemphix, Glyphea, and Areosternus. Annals peu connus de l'époque Crétacique. Musée Royal and Magazine of Natural History, 10: 133–149, d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 12(45): 1–50, 4 pls. 306–317. Van Straelen, V. 1944. Anomures et brachyoures du Withers, T. H. 1922. On a new brachyurous crustacean from Cenomanien de la Navarre. Bulletin du Musée royal the Upper Cretaceous of Jamaica. Annals and Magazine d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique, 20: 1–12. of Natural History, 10: 534–541. Vega, F. J., and Feldmann, R. M. 1991. Fossil crabs Woods, H. 1925 1931. A Monograph of the Fossil Macrurous (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Maastrichtian Difunta Crustacea of England. The Palaeontological Society, Group, Northeastern Mexico. Annals of Carnegie London, 122 pp. Museum, 20: 163–177. Woodward, H. 1896. On some podophthalmous Crustacea Vega, F. J., Feldmann, R. M., and Sour-Tovar, F. 1995. Fossil from the Cretaceous Formation of Vancouver and crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Late Cretaceous Queen Charlotte Islands. Quarterly Journal of the Cárdenas Formation, East-Central Mexico. Journal of Geological Society of London, 52: 221–228. Paleontology, 69: 340–350. Woodward, H. 1900. Further note on podophthalmous crus- Vega, F. J., Feldmann, R. M., Ocampo, A. C., and Pope, K. taceans from the Upper Cretaceous Formation of British O. 1997. A new species of Late Cretaceous crab Columbia, etc. Geological Magazine, 7: 392–401 (part (Brachyura: Carcineretidae) from Albion Island, Belize. 1), 433–435 (part 2). Journal of Paleontology, 71: 615–620. Wright, C. W., and Collins, J. S. H. 1972. British Cretaceous Vega, F. J., Feldmann, R. M., García-Barrera, P., Filkorn, H., Crabs. Palaeontographical Society Monographs, Pimentel, F., and Avendaño, J. 2001. Maastrichtian 126(533): 1–113. Crustacea (Brachyura: Decapoda) from the Zinsmeister, W. J., Feldmann, R. M., Woodburne, M. O., and Ocozocuautla Formation in Chiapas, southeast Mexcio. Elliot, D. H. 1989. Late Cretaceous/earliest Tertiary Journal of Paleontology, 75: 319–329. transition on Seymour Island, Antarctica. Journal of Ward, P. D. 1978. Revisions to the stratigraphy and Paleontology, 63: 731–738. biochronology of the Upper Cretaceous Nanaimo Group, British Columbia and Washington State. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 15: 405–423. Weber, F. 1795. Nomenclator entomologicus secundum Entomologiam Systematicum ill. Fabricii adjectis speciebus recens detectis et varietatibus. Chilonii and Hamburgi, 171 p. Weller, S. 1903. The Stokes collection of Antarctic fossils. Journal of Geology, 11: 413–419. White, A. 1847. Short descriptions of some new species of Crustacea in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 20(132): 205–207. Whiteaves, J. F. 1884 [1885]. Note on a decapod crustacean from the Upper Cretaceous of Highwood River, Alberta, Northwest Territories. Royal Society of Canada Transactions for 1884, 2: 237–238. Whiteaves, J. F. 1885. Part I. Report on the Invertebrates of the Laramie and Cretaceous rocks of the vicinity of the Bow and Belly Rivers and adjacent localities in the Northwest Territories. Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Paleontology, 1: 1–89. Whiteaves, J. F. 1895. On some fossils from the Nanaimo Group of the Vancouver Cretaceous. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada from 1895, 1: 119–133. Whiteaves, J. F. 1903. Mesozoic fossils, 1, Part V, On some additional fossils from the Vancouver Cretaceous with a revised list of the species therefrom. Geological Survey of Canada, pp. 309–409. 64

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APPENDIX

Systematic list of fossil decapods known from Vancouver Island and surrounding area, British Columbia, Canada. List derived in part from Rathbun, 1926a; Jeletzky, 1973; Feldmann and McPherson, 1980; Ludvigsen and Beard, 1994. New taxa described herein are marked with an asterisk (*). Previously described taxa included herein are marked with a dagger (†). Eocene taxa are marked with (‡); all other taxa are Cretaceous.

Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802 Infraorder Astacidea Latreille, 1802 Family Erymidae Van Straelen, 1924 Genus Phlyctisoma Bell, 1863 Phlyctisoma dawsoni (Woodward, 1900) Genus Enoploclytia McCoy, 1849 Enoploclytia minor Woodward, 1900 Infraorder Palinura Latreille, 1802 Superfamily Glypheoidea Winckler, 1883 Family Glypheidae Winckler, 1883 Genus Glyphea von Meyer, 1835 Glyphea sp. Family Mecochiridae Van Straelen, 1924 Genus Meyeria McCoy, 1849 Meyeria (?) harveyi Woodward, 1900 Superfamily Nephropoidea Dana, 1852 Family Nephropidae Dana, 1852 Genus Hoploparia McCoy, 1849 *Hoploparia horrida new species †Hoploparia tshudyi Schweitzer and Feldmann, 2001 Infraorder Thalassinidea Latreille, 1831 Superfamily Callianassoidea Dana, 1852 Family Callianassidae Dana, 1852 Genus Calliax de Saint Laurent, 1973 †Calliax whiteavesi (Woodward, 1896) new combination Genus Neocallichirus Sakai, 1988 *Neocallichirus manningi new species Infraorder Palinura Latreille, 1802 Superfamily Palinuroidea Latreille, 1802 Family Palinuridae Latreille, 1802 Genus Linuparus White, 1847 †Linuparus canadensis (Whiteaves, 1884) †Linuparus vancouverensis (Whiteaves, 1895) Infraorder Brachyura Latreille, 1802 Section Podotremata Guinot, 1977 Superfamily de Haan, 1833 Family Dynomenidae Ortmann, 1892 *Genus Acanthodiaulax new genus *Acanthodiaulax mclayi new species Superfamily de Haan, 1839 Family Homolidae de Haan, 1839 Latheticocarcinus sp. 65

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Cretaceous and Eocene Decapod Crustaceans

Superfamily Homolodromioidea Alcock, 1900 Family Homolodromiidae Alcock, 1900 Superfamily Raninoidea de Haan, 1839 Family Raninidae de Haan, 1839 Subfamily Palaeocorystinae Genus Eucorystes Bell, 1863 Eucorystes harveyi (Woodward, 1896) †Eucorystes platys Schweitzer and Feldmann, 2001 Subfamily Lyreidinae Guinot, 1993 Genus Macroacaena Tucker, 1998 *‡Macroacaena chica new species ‡Macroacaena naselensis (Rathbun, 1926a) new combination Genus Rogueus Berglund and Feldmann, 1989 Rogueus sp. Section Guinot, 1977 Superfamily Macleay, 1838 Family Necrocarcinidae Förster, 1968 Genus Cenomanocarcinus Van Straelen, 1936 *Cenomanocarcinus beardi new species *Family Orithopsidae new family *Genus Marycarcinus new genus ‡Marycarcinus hannae (Rathbun, 1926a) new combination *Genus Paradoxicarcinus new genus *Paradoxicarcinus nimonoides new species Superfamily Portunoidea Rafinesque, 1815 Family Carcineretidae Beurlen, 1930 Genus Longusorbis Richards, 1975 Longusorbis cuniculosus Richards, 1975 Family Rafinesque, 1815 Genus Megokkos Schweitzer and Feldmann, 2000b †‡Megokkos alaskensis (Rathbun, 1926a) Superfamily Retroplumoidea Gill, 1894 Family Gill, 1894 Genus Archaeopus Rathbun, 1908 *‡Archaeopus bicornutus new species *Archaeopus rostratus new species †Archaeopus vancouverensis (Woodward, 1896) Superfamily Xanthoidea MacLeay, 1838 Family Goneplacidae MacLeay, 1838 Genus Branchioplax Rathbun, 1916 ‡Branchioplax carmanahensis (Rathbun, 1926a) Family Pilumnidae Samouelle, 1819 Genus Pulalius Schweitzer, Feldmann, Tucker, and Berglund, 2000 ‡Pulalius vulgaris (Rathbun, 1926a)

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