Appendix: Colonial Church of England Ministers, 1775–83
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Appendix: Colonial Church of England Ministers, 1775–83 Note that the spelling of surnames varies. Ministers who served more than one colony during their revolutionary career are listed only once. *Information too scarce to make a positive determination of incumbency. NEW ENGLAND Massachusetts Bass, Edward Parker, Samuel Byles, Mather Serjeant, Winwood Caner, Henry Thompson, Ebenezer Clark, William Troutbeck, John Fisher, Nathaniel Walter, William Lewis, Stephen Weeks, Joshua Wingate McGilchrist, William Wheeler, Willard Nickolls, Robert Winslow, Edward Connecticut Andrews, Samuel Mansfield, Richard Beach, John Marshall, John Rutgers Beardsley, John Newton, Christopher Bostwick, Gideon Nichols, James Clarke, Richard Peters, Samuel Andrews Dibblee, Ebenezer Sayre, James Fogg, Daniel Sayre, John Graves, Matthew Scovil, James Hubbard, Bela Townsend, Epenetus Jarvis, Abraham Tyler, John Kneeland, Ebenezer Viets, Roger Leaming, Jeremiah Rhode Island Bisset, George Fayerweather, Samuel 148 Appendix 149 Graves, John Usher, John Sr Maine Bailey, Jacob Wiswall, John New Hampshire Badger, Moses Cossit, Rana MIDDLE COLONIES New York Auchmuty, Samuel Inglis, Charles Avery, Ephraim Lyon, James Babcock, Luke Moore, Benjamin Barker, James Munro, Henry Bloomer, Joshua Page, Bernard* Bowden, John Provoost, Samuel Charlton, Richard Seabury, Samuel Cooper, Myles Stuart, John Cutting, Leonard Vardill, John* Doty, John New Jersey Ayers, William Frazer, William Beach, Abraham Odell, Jonathan Blackwell, Robert Ogden, Uzal Jr Browne, Isaac Panton, George Chandler, Thomas Bradbury Preston, John Cooke, Samuel Pennsylvania (and Delaware) Barton, Thomas Murray, Alexander Batwell, Daniel Peters, Richard Coombe, Thomas Reading, Philip Craig, George Ross, Aeneas Currie, William Smith, William Duché, Jacob Stringer, William Illing, F. F.* Tingley, Samuel Magaw, Samuel White, William 150 Revolutionary Anglicanism CHESAPEAKE Maryland Addison, Henry Hughes, Philip Allen, Bennet Keene, Samuel Andrews, John Lauder, Francis Barroll, William Lendrum, Thomas Bell, Hamilton Jr Love, David Bell, Hamilton Sr McCormick, Robert Berry, Jeremiah McGill, James Booth, Bartholomew* McGowan, Walter Boucher, Jonathan McKinnon, Daniel Bowie, John McPherson, John Braithwaite, Thomas Messenger, John Browne, Richard Mitchell, George Browne, Thomas Montgomery, John Campbell, Isaac Neill, Hugh Chase, Thomas Patterson, John Claggett, Thomas John Read, Thomas Dean, Hugh Rosse, John Edmiston, William Scott, John Eversfield, John Sloane, Samuel Fendall, Henry Stephen, John Forbes, John Tabbs, Moses Gantt, Edward Thompson, William Gates, Thomas Thornton, Thomas Goldie, George Threkeld, Joseph* Gordon, John Walker, Philip Hanna, William West, William Harris, Mathias Williamson, Alexander II Harrison, Walter Hanson Wilmer, James Jones Hindman, Jacob H. Worsley, George H. Virginia Agar, William Bracken, John Agnew, John Braidfoot, John Andrews, Robert Brander, John Andrews, William Brooke, Clement Aven, Archibald Bruce, John Avery, Isaac Brunskill, John Baker, Thomas* Buchan, Robert Balmaine, Alexander Buchanan, John Barnett, John* Burges, John Henry Barret, Robert Butler, Samuel* Blagrove, Benjamin Cameron, John Bland, William Camm, John Appendix 151 Camp, Ichabod Jones, Emmanuel Jr* Campbell, Archibald Jones, Emmanuel III Campbell, John* Jones, John Carter, Jesse Kenner, Rodham Jr Clay, Charles Klug, Samuel Cocke, John* Leigh, William Cordell, John Leland, John Jr Coutts, William Leland, John Sr Craig, James (Fauquier County) Lunan, Patrick Craig, James (Lunenburg County) Lundie, Thomas Cruden, Alexander Lyon, John Currie, David Lyth, John Dade, Townshend Madison, James Davenport, John Manning, Nathaniel Davies, Price Marye, James Jr Davis, Thomas Jr Massey, Lee Davis, Thomas Sr Matthews, John Davis, William Maury, Matthew Dick, Archibald Maccartney, James Dickson, Robert McCroskey, Samuel Smith Dixon, John McKay, Fitzhugh Douglas, William McKay, William Dunbar, Hancock MacRae, Christopher Duncan, William McRoberts, Archibald Dunlap, William Milner, John* Emmerson, Arthur Morton, Andrew Fanning, William Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel Field, Thomas Nixon, William* Fontaine, James Maury Ogilvie, John Giberne, Isaac William Peasley, William Gordon, Alexander Price, Thomas Grayson, Spence Reade, Robert Griffith, David Rowland, John Hamilton Gurley, George Saunders, John Hyde Gwatkin, Thomas Scott, James Gwilliam, Lewis Sebastian, Benjamin Hall, Thomas Selden, Miles Hamilton, Arthur Selden, William Harrison, William Semple, James Henley, Samuel Shield, Samuel Henry, Patrick Skyring, Henry Herdman, James Smith, Adam Holt, John White Smith, Thomas Hopkinson, Thomas* Stevenson, James Hubard, William Stuart, William Hurt, John Sturgis, Daniel Jarratt, Devereux Thompson, James Johnson, Thomas Thruston, Charles Mynn Jones, Edward Todd, Christopher 152 Revolutionary Anglicanism Townsend, Jacob Wilkinson, Thomas Vere, William Willie, William Waugh, Abner Wilson, Francis White, Alexander Wingate, John LOWER SOUTH North Carolina Alexander, John* Micklejohn, George Blount, Nathaniel Pettigrew, Charles Burgess, Thomas Sr Reed, James Cupples, Charles Taylor, Charles Edward Earl, Daniel Wills, John Ford, Hezekiah South Carolina Blackburn, Benjamin Lewis, John Bullman, John Lucius, Samuel Frederick Cooper, Robert Moreau, Charles F. Ellington, Edward Pearce, Offspring Finlay, Alexander Percy, William Foulis, James Purcell, Henry Garden, Alexander Purcell, Robert Graham, William Eastwick Smith, Robert Harrison, James Stuart, James Hart, Samuel Turquand, Paul Jenkins, Edward Warren, Samuel Fenner Georgia Brown, James Seymour, James Smith, Haddon Stewart, John Notes CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 01. Thomas Paine, The American Crisis, no. 1 (December 23, 1776), 1. 02. William Smith to SPG, 10 July 1775, Hist. Coll. II, 475; Samuel Magaw, A Sermon Delivered in St. Paul’s Church, on Saturday, December 27, 1783 (Philadelphia: Hall and Sellers, 1784), 27; John Wolfe Lydekker, The Life and Letters of Charles Inglis: His Ministry in America and Consecra tion as First Colonial Bishop, from 1759 to 1787 (New York: Macmillan, 1936), 157; and Henry Caner to SPG, 25 Sept. 1770, SPG Journals XVIII, 466. 03. Samuel Johnson to SPG, York Town, 25 November 1776, Hist. Coll. II, 488. 04. William Meade, Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia I–II (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1966), II, 35–8; Otto Lohrenz, ‘The Virginia Clergy and the American Revolution’ (unpublished PhD diss., University of Kansas, 1970), 67–8. 05. DAB II, 474; Anne Y. Zimmer, Jonathan Boucher: Loyalist in Exile (Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1978), 173–5. 06. Lohrenz, ‘The Virginia Clergy and the American Revolution,’ 72–3, 99; and Lohrenz, ‘Parson and Patrons: The Clerical Career of Thomas Johnston of Maryland and Virginia,’ AEH 58 (1989) 169–95. 07. Samuel Seabury Jr to SPG, New York, 29 March 1777, SPG Ser B, II, 191; Henry Caner to SPG, Boston, 14 April 1776, SPG Ser B, XXII, 135. 08. Howard L. Applegate, ‘Anglican Chaplains Serving the American Revolutionary Army, 1775–1783,’ HMPEC 30 (1961), 138– 40. 09. Lohrenz, ‘The Virginia Clergy and the American Revolution,’ 212; Meade, Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia I, 20 –1; and Thomas Nelson Rightmyer, ‘The Holy Orders of Peter Muhlenberg,’ HMPEC 30 (1961), 183– 97. 10. William Gibson, ‘ “Pious Decorum”: Clerical Wigs in the Eighteenth- Century Church of England,’ AEH 65 (1996), 145– 61; John Walsh and Stephen Taylor, ‘Introduction: the Church and Anglicanism in the “long” eighteenth century,’ in The Church of England c.1689 – c.1833: From Toleration to Tractarianism, John Walsh, Colin Haydon, and Stephen Taylor, eds (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 7; and Paul Langford, ‘The English Clergy and the American Revolution,’ in The Transforma tion of Political Culture: England and Germany in the Late Eighteenth Century, Eckhart Hellmuth, ed. (London: Oxford University Press, 1990), 304; Viviane Barrie-Curien, ‘Clerical Recruitment and Career Patterns in the Church of England during the Eighteenth Century,’ in Crown and Mitre: Religion and Society in Northern Europe Since the Reformation, W. M. Jacob and Nigel Yates, eds (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1993), 97. 11. J. M. Bumsted, ‘ “Things in the Womb of Time”: Ideas of American Independence, 1633–1763,’ WMQ, 3d Ser. (1974), 533– 64; Max Savelle, ‘Nationalism and Other Loyalties in the American Revolution,’ AHR, 67 153 154 Notes (1961–2), 901–23; and John Murrin, ‘A Roof Without Walls: The Dilemma of American National Identity,’ Beyond Confederation: Origins of the Con stitution and American National Identity, Richard Beeman et al., eds (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987), 333– 48. 12. On the moral dimension see Gordon Wood, The Creation of the American Republic, 1776–1787 (New York: W.W. Norton, 1969), chapter 3. On the evangelical emphasis see Jon Butler, ‘Coercion, Miracle, Reason: Rethinking the American Religious Experience in the Revolutionary Age,’ in Religion in a Revolutionary Age, Ronald Hoffman and Peter J. Albert, eds (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1994), esp. 1–3. 13. John F. Woolverton, Colonial Anglicanism in North America (Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1984), 34. 14. Harry S. Stout, The New England Soul: Preaching and Religious Culture in Colonial New England (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986), 3– 4, 6 –7; and Richard D. Brown, ‘Rural Clergymen and the Communication Networks of 18th-Century New England,’ Knowledge is Power: The