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The Unaccusative Constructions in Archaic Chinese and Their Historical Development
International Journal of Knowledge www.ijklp.org and Language Processing KLP International ⓒ2016 ISSN 2191-2734 Volume 7, Number 2, 2016 pp.32–-56 The Unaccusative constructions in Archaic Chinese and their historical development Mengbin Liu School of Foreign Languages Sun Yat-sen University 510000, Guangzhou, China [email protected] Selected Paper from Chinese Lexical Semantic Workshop ABSTRACT. The Unaccusative Hypothesis Perlmutter [1] has been widely applied to Mandarin Chinese studies, whereas the studies from historical and formal syntax perspective under this framework are rare. Therefore, this paper first investigate whether the Unaccusative Hypothesis can be applied to Archaic Chinese and then conduct syntactic analysis on the “NPtheme+Vunaccu” construction as well as the formation of “NP1exp+Vunaccu+NP2” construction. The results show that the Unaccusative Hypothesis can be applied to Archaic Chinese. The “NPtheme+Vunaccu” construction may look like object-preposing constructions and topic constructions, but it is better analyze it as a construction in which the NPtheme standing in the subject position. What is more, I argue that the “NP1exp+Vunaccu+NP2” construction comes from a morphological or lexical causative construction and has a competitive relationship with the causative constructions in the process of the historical development of Chinese. The “Vunaccu+NPtheme” constructions are actually two-place unaccusative sentences with omitted causer or experiencer. Only the “NPtheme+Vunaccu” construction is the real one-place unaccusative construction in which the NPtheme generates in the object position in deep structure and moves to the subject position in surface structure for case requirement. Keywords: Unaccusative Hypothesis, Archaic Chinese, Syntax, Historical development 1. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 275 2nd International Conference on Education Innovation and Social Science (ICEISS 2018) Analysis of the Children's Picture Book as the Carrier to Inherit the Spirit of Yimeng —Taking the Phoenix Bird Worship in Dongyi Culture as an Example Xu Ping Zaozhuang Institute Abstract—The Yimeng spirit is a cultural and spiritual trait open and compatible theoretical characteristics and powerful formed by the fusion of Chinese traditional culture, practical functions [1]. revolutionary culture and socialist culture. In contemporary society that practices the core values of socialism, it is necessary On December 12, 1989, Li Xiangdong published an article to strive to inherit and develop the spirit of Yimeng and enhance entitled "Playing the Advantages of the Old District and cultural self-confidence. This paper takes children's picture Promoting the Spirit of the Yimeng" in the "Linyi People's books as a carrier to inherit the spirit of Yimeng, takes the Daily". This is the first proposal of the concept of "Yimeng worship of phoenix birds in Dongyi culture as an example, and Spirit". On February 2, 1990, when Comrade Jiang Chunyun points out that the creation of children's picture books is a visited the Yimeng area, he summarized the spirit of Yimeng reflection of the integration of Chinese excellent traditional as the core idea of "Love the Party, Love the Army, culture into the education. This is extremely important for Entrepreneur, Entrepreneurship, Selfless Dedication". In June children's ideological quality, aesthetic experience and national 1990, Chen Jianguang published a research paper entitled feelings. -
A Record of Collected Proofs of the Efficacy of the Diamond Sutra: Jin’Gang Bore Jing Jiyan Ji 金剛般若 經集驗記 Composed by Meng Xianzhong 孟獻忠, Adjutant of Zizhou 梓州司馬
_full_alt_author_running_head (neem stramien B2 voor dit chapter en nul 0 in hierna): Jin’gang bore jing jiyan ji _full_articletitle_deel (kopregel rechts, vul hierna in): Collected Proofs of the Efficacy of the Diamond Sutra _full_article_language: en indien anders: engelse articletitle: 0 Collected Proofs of the Efficacy of the Diamond Sutra 297 A Record of Collected Proofs of the Efficacy of the Diamond Sutra: Jin’gang bore jing jiyan ji 金剛般若 經集驗記 Composed by Meng Xianzhong 孟獻忠, Adjutant of Zizhou 梓州司馬 Roll One (with Preface) Prajñāis the mother of the wisdom of all Buddhas and the quintessence of the consummate path. Being the wellspring of the Dharma ocean, it is in fact the actual secret storehouse of the Tathāgata. When words are spoken, the path is severed; when the mind functions, the abode is destroyed.1 Being beyond name and appearance, as well as the elements and fields of cognitive experience, it is said to cognize and yet not grasp. It is free from seeing, hearing, feeling, and knowing. When discriminative consciousness expresses it, it becomes more distant. Without practice, there is no benefit; one thus perfects its merit. Without abiding, there is no defilement; one thus attains its wisdom. For those who in- vestigate its wonders, [wherever] they practice are places of the [Buddhist] path; for those who comprehend its principles, their undertakings are Bud- dhist practice. It extends to the twelve classics2 and the eighty-four thousand teachings,3 and equals the competing brilliance of the sun, moon, and 1 These verses come from roll 54 of the Dazhidu lun 大智度論 (Sk. -
Edinburgh Research Explorer
Edinburgh Research Explorer Long live the king! Citation for published version: Gentz, J 2015, Long live the king! The ideology of power between ritual and morality in the Gongyang Zhuan. in Y Pines, P Goldin & M Kern (eds), Ideology of Power and Power of Ideology in Early China. Brill, Leiden, pp. 69-117. <http://www.brill.com/products/book/ideology-power-and-power-ideology-early-china> Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: Ideology of Power and Power of Ideology in Early China General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 30. Sep. 2021 Chapter 3 Long Live the King! The Ideology of Power between Ritual and Morality in the Gongyang zhuan 公羊傳1 Joachim Gentz C'est à l'idéologie, à cette ténébreuse métaphysique qui, en recherchant avec subtilité les causes premières, veut sur ces bases fonder la législation des peuples, au lieu d'approprier les lois à la connaissance du cœur humain et aux leçons de l'histoire, qu'il faut attribuer tous les malheurs. -
Study and Uses of the I Ching in Tokugawa Japan
Study Ching Tokugawa Uses of and I Japan the in Wai-ming Ng University Singapore National of • Ching $A (Book Changes) The of 1 particular significance has been book of a history. interest and in Asian East Divination philosophy basis its and derived from it on integral of Being civilization. Chinese within parts orbit the Chinese of the cultural were sphere, Japan traditional Ching development indebted for the the 1 of of its to aspects was culture. Japan The arrived in later sixth than the and little studied text in century no was (539-1186). Japan ancient readership expanded major It literate such Zen to groups as high-ranking monks, Buddhist courtiers, and period warriors medieval in the (1186- 1603). Ching scholarship 1 during reached Tokugawa its period the (1603-1868) apex Ching when the became 1 popular of the influential and Chinese This 2 most texts. one preliminary is provide work aims which brief Ching of overview 1 to essay a a scholarship highlighting Tokugawa Japan, in popularity themes: several of the the text, major writings, schools, the scholars, of/Ching and characteristics the and scholarship. 3 Popularity Ching The of the I popularity Ching Tokugawa of the The Japan in acknowledged I has been by a t• •" :i• •b Miyazaki Japanese number scholars. of Michio Tokugawa scholar of a thought, has remarked: "There by [Tokugawa] reached Confucians consensus was a pre-Tokugawa historical of the For overview Wai-ming in Japan, Ng, Ching "The 1 in text a see Japan," Quarterly Ancient (Summer Culture 1996), 26.2 Wai-ming 73-76; Asian and Ng pp. -
The Zuo Zhuan Revisited*
《中國文化研究所學報》 Journal of Chinese Studies No. 49 - 2009 REVIEW ARTICLE Rethinking the Origins of Chinese Historiography: The Zuo Zhuan Revisited* Yuri Pines The Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Readability of the Past in Early Chinese Historiography. By Wai-yee Li. Cam- bridge, MA and London, England: Harvard University Asia Center, 2007. Pp. xxii + 449. $49.50/£36.95. The Readability of the Past in Early Chinese Historiography is a most welcome addition to the growing number of Western-language studies on the Zuo zhuan 左傳. Wai-yee Li’s eloquent book is the fruit of impeccable scholarship. It puts forward an abundance of insightful and highly original analyses and fully demonstrates the advantages of the skilful application of literary techniques to early Chinese historiography. This work is sure to become an indispensable tool for any scholar interested in the Zuo zhuan or early Chinese historiography in general. Furthermore, many of Li’s observations are likely to encourage further in-depth research on this foundational text. To illustrate the importance of The Readability of the Past, it is worth high- lighting its position vis-à-vis prior Western-language studies on the Zuo zhuan. Oddly enough, despite its standing as the largest pre-imperial text, despite its canonical status, and despite its position as a fountainhead of Chinese historiography—the Zuo zhuan was virtually neglected by mainstream Occidental Sinology throughout the twentieth century. Notwithstanding the pioneering (and highly controversial) study of Bernhard Karlgren, “On the Authenticity and Nature of the Tso Chuan,” which was published back in 1928, the Zuo zhuan rarely stood at the focus of scholarly endeavour.1 The only Western-language publication dedicated entirely to * This review article was prepared with the support by the Israel Science Foundation (grant No. -
Chapter Three
526 Chapter Three 經學昌明時代 The Period of Advancement of Classical Scholarship [3/1 SVA Introductory Comments: In the opening section of Chapter Three, Pi Xirui quotes extensively from the "Rulin zhuan" chapter of the Shi ji so as to support his position that during the reign of Emperor Wu (141-87 B.C.), Classical Scholarship was in its purest and most orthodox form. He also uses the lack of information in the "Rulin zhuan" regarding the Old Script Documents, Zhouli, Mao Shi, and Zuozhuan to argue that Sima Qian did not have access to these texts, which are texts of the "Old Script" school.] 3/11 The "Rulin zhuan" chapter of the Shi ji states, "When the present emperor2 ascended the throne, there were men such as Zhao Wan 趙綰 and Wang Zang 王臧3 who clearly understood Confucian learning and the 1[SVA: Section 3/1 corresponds to pp.69-72 of the Zhonghua ed. and to pp.60-64 of the Yiwen ed.] 2(3/1, n.1) Zhou Yutong comments: In the Chinese jinshang 今上, "the present emperor," refers to Emperor Wu of the Han. 3(3/1, n.2) Zhou Yutong comments: Zhao Wan 趙綰 was a native of Dai 代 and Wang Zang 王臧 was a native of Lanling 蘭陵. They both studied the Lu 527 emperor himself was also inclined toward it.4 He thereupon issued an order recruiting scholar-officials in the recommendation categories of Straightforward and Upright, Worthy and Excellent, and Learned.5 After this, as for giving instruction in the Songs, in Lu it was Master Shen Pei 申 培公, in Qi it was Master Yuan Gu 轅固生, and in Yan, it was Grand Tutor Han Ying 韓(嬰)太傅. -
The Significance of Shendu in the Interpretation of Classical Learning and ZHU Xi's Misreading
Dao (2014) 13:305–321 DOI 10.1007/s11712-014-9395-9 The Significance of Shendu in the Interpretation of Classical Learning and ZHU Xi’s Misreading Tao LIANG Published online: 11 July 2014 # The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract According to recently excavated bamboo and silk material, the idea of du 獨 in the concept shendu 慎獨 does not refer to a spatial notion of dwelling in solitude or a solitary dwelling; rather it is the state before having made contact with external things, or the state “before feelings are aroused” (weifa 未發) of the inner heart/mind. It refers to internal thoughts and volitions, or “casting aside external sensations” (sheti 舍體). Shen 慎 should be glossed in accordance with the Erya 爾雅 (Approaching Elegance), rendering it as “sincerity” (cheng 誠). Shendu then means to “cause one’swilltobe sincere” (chengqiyi 誠其意). ZHENG Xuan 鄭玄, in explaining shendu as being “cautious of the actions one performs in private” (shen qi xianju suowei 慎其閒居所為), complete- ly strayed from the original meaning as found in the bamboo-silk texts. ZHU Xi 朱熹, seeing the insufficiencies of ZHENG Xuan’s interpretation of shendu, broadened the meaning of du, and in particular added a spiritual meaning to it. However, due to influence by ZHENG Xuan, ZHU Xi still preserved some misreadings of the term; especially in his interpretation of shendu in the Daxue 大學 (Great Learning) and Zhongyong 中庸 (Doctrine of the Mean). Considering that the Neo-Confucian methods of cultivation embodied in the ideas of “abiding in reverence and enriching the self” (jujing hanyang 居敬涵養), and “being refined and focused” (weijing weiyi 惟精惟一) actually accorded more with the original meaning of shendu,ZHU Xi’smisreadingof shendu is indirectly related to the loss of its original meaning due to the broken transmission of the ancient texts. -
A New Tradition: Legitimizing the Authority of the Tokugawa Through the Hands of Japanese Neo- Confucians Daniel S
Connecticut College Digital Commons @ Connecticut College East Asian Languages and Cultures Department East Asian Languages and Cultures Department Honors Papers Spring 5-2-2008 A New Tradition: Legitimizing the Authority of the Tokugawa through the Hands of Japanese Neo- Confucians Daniel S. Keiser Connecticut College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/eastasianhp Recommended Citation Keiser, Daniel S., "A New Tradition: Legitimizing the Authority of the Tokugawa through the Hands of Japanese Neo-Confucians" (2008). East Asian Languages and Cultures Department Honors Papers. 2. http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/eastasianhp/2 This Honors Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the East Asian Languages and Cultures Department at Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. It has been accepted for inclusion in East Asian Languages and Cultures Department Honors Papers by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author. One Introduction: An Overview 1 I. A Brief Overview of Confucianism in Japan When examining the history of Japan’s political development, it is important to consider the influence that various religions and traditions have on the island nation. In dealing with a syncretistic society like Japan, where people’s daily religious practices are influenced by three major traditions (Shintô 神道, Buddhism, and Confucianism), the lines that divide the religions from each other can often seem to disappear, making the three appear to have always coexisted. In Japan, all three traditions play respective roles in the average citizen’s life, and all three serve specific purposes in answer to various ideological and metaphysical questions. -
Neo-Confucianism Zhu Xi Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi) Brought the Development of Neo-Confucianism to a Culminating Synthesis
Neo-Confucianism Zhu Xi Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi) brought the development of Neo-Confucianism to a culminating synthesis. He brought together Zhou Dunyi’s conception of the Great Ultimate (Taiji/T’ai-chi ) together with the concept of principle (li ) emphasized by the Cheng brothers. A great scholar, he edited and compiled the Four Books (the Analects, the Mencius, the Great Learning, the Doctrine of the Mean), establishing the basis for the state examination system that last until 1905. He is credited with restoring Confucianism to its original focus on moral cultivation. The selections here are from A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy compiled and translated by the 20th century Neo-Confucian philosopher Wing-Tsit Chan. The comments included within the selections are from Professor Chan. Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi) (1130–1200) Selections from The Complete Works of Chu Hsi 1. Moral Cultivation a. How to Study 1. Question: Does what is called the fundamental task consist only in preserving the mind, nourishing the nature, and cultivating and controlling them? Answer: Both the effort of preserving and nourishing and that of the investigation of principle (li ) to the utmost must be thorough. However, the effort of investigating principle to the utmost is already found within that of preserving and nourishing, and the effort of preserving and nourishing is already found within that of the investigation of principle to the utmost. To investigate principle to the utmost is the same as investigating to the utmost what is preserved, and to preserve and nourish is the same as nourishing what has been investigated. -
Concubinage Was a Deeply Entrenched Social Institution in The
Hsiang Lectures on Chinese Poetry Volume 5 Grace S. Fong Editor Chris Byrne Editorial Assistant Centre for East Asian Research McGill University Copyright © 2010 by Centre for East Asian Research, McGill University 3434 McTavish Street McGill University Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1X9 Calligraphy by: Han Zhenhu For additional copies please send request to: Hsiang Lectures on Chinese Poetry Centre for East Asian Research McGill University 3434 McTavish Street Montreal, Quebec Canada H3A 1X9 A contribution of $5 towards postage and handling will be appreciated. This volume is printed on acid-free paper. Lost in Tradition: The Classic of Poetry We Did Not Know Martin Kern Princeton University Prelude Like no other poetic text in world literature, the Shijing 詩經, or Classic of Poetry, has a continuous history of some twenty-five centuries of reciting, singing, reading, teaching, memorizing, printing, quoting, and interpreting. True to Goethe’s definition of a classic, it is a text forever inexhaustible in its meaning. At the end of the Chinese empire, however, the text could barely carry the weight of its own commentarial tradition. When this weight was finally removed in the wake of May Fourth, little seemed left: a body of archaic, bombastic court hymns next to simple, formulaic songs that purportedly express—in however monotonous a fashion—the sentiments of commoners some time before Confucius. One may find these songs charm- ing and innocent, folk songs in Herder’s sense of song as the simple—and simple-minded—original language when civilization was still a child. But today, few lovers of poetry will read them for pleasure or inspiration. -
Tales of the Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period from C
History and Fiction: Tales of the Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period from c. 300 BC to AD 220 This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Olivia Milburn School of Oriental and African Studies University of London ProQuest Number: 10731298 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731298 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 p Abstract This thesis focusses on historical and fictional accounts of the hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period: Lord Huan of Qi, Lord Wen of Jin, Lord Mu of Qin, King Zhuang of Chu, King Helu of Wu and King Goujian of Yue. Chapter One describes the methodological basis. Many ancient Chinese texts underwent periods of oral transmission, but the effect on their form and content has been little researched. Theme and formula are important for understanding the development of these texts. The hegemons are also investigated for the degree to which they conform to greater patterns: the Indo-European models of the hero and good ruler.