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Hristos Descoperit În Trup www.zguduireaadventismului.ro -5=85&+(5 $WLQVGH VOúELFLXQLOH QRDVWUH RVFKLĠăLVWRULFăDFRQFHSĠLHLDGYHQWLVWHFXSULYLUHODQDWXUDXPDQăDOXL+ULVWRV www.zguduireaadventismului.ro www.zguduireaadventismului.ro MULfUMIRI Mulԑumirile mele deosebite pentru ajutorul oferit de prietenul meu EDWARD E. WHITE, care a tradus ediԑia din limba francezĉ, lui Kenneth H. Wood pentru sfaturile preԑioase în timpul pregĉtirii manuscrisului Ɣi fiului meu Frederic pentru contribuԑia lui la pregĉtirea textului în limba englezĉ. www.zguduireaadventismului.ro www.zguduireaadventismului.ro CUPRINS P R E F A Ţ Ă, de Kenneth H. Wood 9 Provocați de critici 10 Dialog şi schimbare 11 I N T R O D U C E R E 13 Apostolii confruntaţi cu ereziile de la început 13 Hristologia de-a lungul secolelor 14 Hristologia contemporană 15 Înaintașii hristologiei contemporane 17 Istoria hristologiei adventiste 18 PARTEA ÎNTÂI 21 NATURA DIVINĂ ȘI UMANĂ A LUI ISUS HRISTOS 21 Capitolul 1: DIVINITATEA LUI HRISTOS 21 James Springer White (1821-L881) 21 Uriah Smith ( 1832-1903) 22 Joseph H. Waggoner (1820-1889) 23 Ellet J. Waggoner ( 1855-1916) 24 Ellen Gould White (1827-1915) 27 Capitolul 2: NATURA UMANĂ A LUI HRISTOS 31 Întruparea, o taină 31 Fundamentele biblice ale hristologiei 32 Primele mărturii adventiste 34 Prima declaraţie oficială 35 O natură umană într-o stare căzută 36 PARTEA A DOUA 39 HRISTOLOGIA PIONIERILOR BISERICII ADVENTISTE (1827- 1915) 39 Capitolul 3: HRISTOLOGIA LUI ELLEN WHITE 39 Natura umană a lui Isus Hristos 40 Natura lui Adam: înainte sau după cădere? 41 O natură umană în stare căzută 42 ”Ispitit în toate lucrurile ca şi noi” 44 ”. dar fără păcat” 45 Atât divin cât şi uman 47 Părtaş de natură divină 48 Concluzie 49 Capitolul 4: ELLET J. WAGGONER (1855-1916) 51 Primele declaraţii făcute între anii 1884 şi 1888 51 ”Dumnezeu descoperit în trup” 53 www.zguduireaadventismului.ro Waggoner îşi confirmă hristologia (1891-1902) 56 Concluzie 57 Capitolul 5: ALONZO T. JONES (1850 - 1923) 59 Mai este credibilă solia lui Jones ? 60 Hristologia lui Jones 61 1. Natura umană căzută a lui Hristos 63 2. Păcatul condamnat în trup 63 3. Natura lui Adam: înainte sau după cădere? 64 4. Biruinţa posibilă prin Isus Hristos 66 Concluzie 68 Capitolul 6: WILLIAM WARREN PRESCOTT (1855-1944) 71 Un susţinător înflăcărat al soliei din 1888 71 1. Întruparea, un adevăr fundamental 72 2. Întrupat în „trup păcătos” 73 3. Trupul lui Adam după cădere 73 4. Hristos în noi, nădejdea slavei 74 Ellen White aprobă hristologia lui Prescott 75 Prescott îşi confirmă hristologia 76 1. Isus a fost părtaş la sângele şi trupul omenirii 77 2. Un trup ca acela al păcatului 77 3. Trimis să condamne păcatul în trup 78 4. Ca să putem fi părtaşi la natura Sa divină 78 O solie cu adevărat hristocentrică 79 Concluzie 81 Capitolul 7: MIŞCAREA HOLY FLESH (TRUPUL SFÂNT) 83 Haskell o informează pe Ellen White 83 Ellen White răspunde lui Haskell 84 Un protest viguros 85 Waggoner respinge doctrina Holy Flesh 85 Ellen White respinge doctrina Holy Flesh 87 Doctrina Holy Flesh condamnată 88 Concluzie 89 PARTEA A TREIA 91 EXTRASE DIN PUBLICAŢIILE OFICIALE ALE BISERICII (1895-1952) 91 Capitolul 8: EXTRASE DIN PUBLICAŢIILE OFICIALE (1895-1915) 91 Extrase din jurnalele bisericii 91 Extrase din lecţiunile Școlii de Sabat 93 Extrase din câteva cărți 95 1. Privind spre Isus, de Uriah Smith 96 2. Întrebări și răspunsuri, de Milton C. Wilcox 96 3. Lecturi Biblice pentru Cercul Familiei 96 Capitolul 9: EXTRASE DIN PUBLICAŢIILE OFICIALE (1916-1952) 99 Extrase din periodicele bisericii 99 Extrase din literatura adventistă europeană 102 Extrase din studiile Școlii de Sabat 106 Extrase din cărţi selectate 107 1. Doctrina lui Hristos, de W. W. Prescott 107 2. Viaţa de biruinţă, de Meade MacGuire 107 3. Faptele credinţei, de Christian Edwardson 108 www.zguduireaadventismului.ro 4. Vinul Babilonului roman, de Mary E. Walsh 109 5. Răspunsuri la obiecţii, de F. D. Nichol 110 6. Ispăşirea şi Drama veacurilor, de W. H. Branson 112 Concluzie 112 PARTEA A PATRA 115 CONTROVERSA HRISTOLOGICĂ ÎN CENTRUL BISERICII ADVENTISTE 115 Capitolul 10: ʺNOUA PIATRĂ DE HOTAR A ADVENTISMULUIʺ 115 Prima piatră de hotar de schimbare radicală 115 Lepădarea ideilor ʺeronateʺ din trecut 117 Manifestul noii hristologii 118 ʺUman dar nu firesc (carnal)ʺ 119 ʺNoua piatră de hotar a adventismuluiʺ 120 Întrebări despre doctrină 121 Scrisoarea lui Ellen White către William L. H. Baker 124 Capitolul 11: PRIMELE REACȚII LA CARTEA ÎNTREBĂRI DESPRE DOCTRINĂ 127 Hristologia tradiţională susținută de Comentariul Biblic AZȘ 127 Fundaţia Ellen G. White publică Selected Messages 129 M. L. Andreasen şi cartea lui, Scrisori către biserică 130 Propuneri pentru revizuirea cărții Întrebări despre doctrină 133 Un sondaj de opinie revelator 134 Publicarea volumului 7-A din Comentariul Biblic AZȘ 135 Roy Allan Anderson, Dumnezeu-omul, natura şi lucrarea Lui 135 Leroy E. Froom susține noua teologie 137 Capitolul 12: REACŢII LA NOUA HRISTOLOGIE (1970-1979) 141 Review and Herald reacţionează 141 Reacţia Institutului de Cercetări Biblice 143 Herbert Douglass reacţionează în studiile Şcolii de Sabat 144 Comitetul privitor la hristologia îndreptăţirii prin credinţă 145 Documentele lui Ford la Conferinţa de la Palmdale 147 Herbert Douglass reafirmă hristologia tradiţională 148 Kenneth Wood confirmă hristologia tradiţională 149 Hristologia lui Edward Heppenstall 152 Poziţia lui J. R. Spangler, editor al revistei Ministry cu privire la hristologie 155 Thomas A. Davis: A fost Isus în realitate ca noi? 156 Punctul de vedere al lui William G. Johnsson 158 Edward Vick: Isus, Omul 159 Capitolul 13: APOGEUL CONTROVERSEI 163 Un apărător zelos al hristologiei tradiţionale 163 Noua hristologie în studiile Școlii de Sabat 165 Glasul Adevărului Prezent 167 Curente contradictorii în hristologia adventistă 170 Cele două hristologii faţă-n faţă 171 1. Gulley: Natura umană înainte de cădere 172 2. Douglass: Natura umană după cădere 174 Revizuirea reciprocă a tezelor şi a antitezelor 177 Revizuiri şi întrebări de la cititorii Ministry 179 O viziune alternativă din partea lui Thomas A. Davis 180 Capitolul 14: ÎN CĂUTAREA ADEVĂRULUI ISTORIC 183 Un secol de hristologie adventistă 183 www.zguduireaadventismului.ro Ellen G. White Estate este provocat să ia atitudine 184 Punctul de vedere al lui Robert Olson 186 Hristologia discutată la Ellen G. White Estate 187 Tim Poirier şi izvoarele hristologiei lui Ellen White 187 D. A. Delafield confirmă hristologia lui Ellen White 189 George R. Knight confirmă hristologia pionierilor 190 O expunere biblică în Adventiştii de Ziua a Şaptea cred...… 192 Roy Adams caută să reînvie dezbaterea 194 Situaţia din Europa 196 Georges Steveny în Pe urmele pionierilor 197 William Johnsson încearcă armonizarea 198 Jack Sequeira şi problema păcatului 200 Ultima declaraţie a lui Ellen White cu privire la natura umană a lui Hristos 203 PARTEA A CINCEA 207 O REÎNTOARCERE LA IZVOARELE HRISTOLOGIEI ADVENTISTE ŞI BIBLICE 207 Capitolul 15: EVALUARE ŞI CRITICĂ 207 Prezintă o importanță reală acest subiect? 208 Rezumatul celor trei curente de interpretare 209 1. Hristologia tradiţională sau istorică 209 2. Noua hristologie sau poziţia prelapsariană 210 3. Hristologia alternativă 210 Erori de evaluare 211 O doctrină condamnată de biserică 212 Metode tendenţioase 213 Un argument fictiv, o expresie eronată 215 Punctele tari şi slabe ale hristologiei alternative 216 Capitolul 16: DATELE BIBLICE ALE HRISTOLOGIEI 219 Dovezi din Noul Testament 219 Concepția biblică despre păcat 221 1. Păcatul ca putere și păcatele ca acțiuni 221 2. Numai cei care păcătuiesc sunt vinovați 223 Într-o fire asemănătoare cu a păcatului 224 Motivele întrupării 226 1. Ca să fie o jertfă pentru păcat 227 2. Să condamne păcatul în trup 228 3. Să elibereze ființa umană de sub legea păcatului și a morții 228 4. Pentru ca să poată fi împlinite în noi cerințele îndreptățite ale legii 229 Biruință prin Duhul Vieții în Hristos Isus 230 1. Hristos, îndreptățit în Duhul 230 2. Transformați prin Duhul lui Hristos 231 Concluzie 232 E P I L O G 235 www.zguduireaadventismului.ro Prefață P R E F A Ţ Ă Din vremea când eram copil, la începutul anilor 1920, părinţii m-au învăţat că Fiul lui Dumnezeu a venit în această lume cu o moştenire fizică asemănătoare cu a oricărui alt copil de pe pământ. Fără să facă mare caz de păcătoşii genealogiei Sale, mi-au vorbit despre Rahav şi de David şi mi-au accentuat că în ciuda trăsăturilor fizice moştenite, Isus a trăit o viaţă desăvârşită în copilărie, în tinereţe şi la maturitate. Ei mi-au spus că El înţelegea ispitele mele deoarece şi El a fost ispitit cum eram eu şi că El îmi va da putere să biruiesc aşa cum a biruit El. Aceasta a făcut o impresie profundă asupra mea, care m-a ajutat să privesc la Isus, nu numai ca Mântuitor, ci şi ca exemplu, şi să cred că prin puterea Sa puteam trăi o viaţă de biruinţă. În anii de mai târziu am înţeles că învăţătura părinţilor mei privitoare la Isus era susţinută de Biblie şi că Ellen White, solul lui Dumnezeu pentru biserica rămăşiţei, a lămurit acest adevăr în nenumărate declaraţii, cum ar fi următoarea: Copiii să-şi aducă aminte că copilul Isus a luat asupra Sa natura omenească, care se asemăna cu natura păcătoasă, şi a fost ispitit de Satana asemenea tuturor copiilor care sunt ispitiţi. El a putut să se împotrivească ispitelor lui Satana prin dependenţa de puterea divină a Tatălui Său ceresc, supunându-Se voinţei Sale şi ascultând de toate poruncile Sale (Youth’s Instructor, 23 august, 1894). Isus se găsea la vârsta în care sunteţi voi acum. El a avut aceleaşi circumstanţe şi aceleaşi gânduri ca ale voastre în această perioadă a vieţii. El nu poate fi indiferent în această perioadă critică prin care treceţi. El vede pericolele prin care treceţi. Este înţelegător cu ispitele voastre (Manuscript Releases, vol.
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