DOCSLIB.ORG

Changing Gender Roles in the Fishing Industry in Homa Bay County, Kenya 1900 to 2012: a Descriptive Study Eunice Adhiambo Okello

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Changing Gender Roles in the Fishing Industry in Homa Bay County, Kenya 1900 to 2012: a Descriptive Study Eunice Adhiambo Okello CHANGING GENDER ROLES IN THE FISHING INDUSTRY IN HOMA BAY COUNTY, KENYA 1900 TO 2012: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY EUNICE ADHIAMBO OKELLO A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in History of Egerton University EGERTON UNIVERSITY APRIL, 2017 DECLARATION AND APPROVAL Declaration This thesis is my original work and has not been submitted for examination in any other university. ______________________________ Date: _________________________ Eunice Adhiambo Okello AMII/2633/10 APPROVAL This thesis has been submitted with our approval as university supervisors. _____________________________Date:_________________________ Dr. Damaris Parsitau Department of Philosophy, History and Religious Studies Egerton University ______________________________ Date:________________________ Dr. Joshia Osamba Department of Humanities KaratinaUniversity ii COPYRIGHT © 2017, Eunice Adhiambo Okello All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the author or Egerton University. iii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my parents, Pastor Joseph Okello and Mama Carren Okello for their unending parental and spiritual support as well as to my beloved husband, Mathew Onyango for his unrelenting moral and financial support since I started this course. His patience and psychological support during the research pushed me through. Finally, to our beloved daughters, Edith, Caren and sons, Cantrell and Hudson for their understanding and support during the vigorous process of the course work and thesis writing when I could not offer them full motherly attention. Lots of love. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Apart from my personal determination and financial sacrifice, this thesis is a product of the joint effort by many people. First and foremost, my sincere gratitude goes to my supervisors, Dr. Damaris Parsitau and Dr. Joshia Osamba for their tireless, sustained and constructive scholarly guidance and assistance towards the completion of this work. They read through the work and provided substantive criticisms which aided in improving its quality. I am particularly indebted to Prof. Reuben M. Matheka and Dr. Isaac Tarus for their scholarly support that saw the beginning of this work. I also wish to express my gratitude to the teaching staff of the Departmentof Philosophy, History and Religion of Egerton University for all the pieces of advice that they offered to me right from my course work. I am also grateful to the Archivists at the Kenya National Archives in Nairobi and to the Kenya Marine Fisheries Research Institute in Homa Bay and Kisumu for their assistance. I owe special gratitude to all the informants for making this study a reality by sharing and exchanging information and offering pieces of advice on the study. In this regard, I wish to mention Jackline Okado for her support with computer processing. Finally, thanks to my family for their comfort, peaceful atmosphere and the encouragement they accorded me during the entire study. v ABSTRACT Fishing is one of the oldest occupations of mankind. Studies done on gender roles in the fishing industry in Lake Victoria in Kenya indicate that traditionally, both men and women were involved in fisheries but each performed different roles which were culturally defined. This study focused on the fishing industry in Lake Victoria specifically Kendu Bay and Homa Lime fishing bays located in Homa Bay County of Kenya. The development of fisheries in Homa Bay County is faced with several challenges such as Lake pollution, extinction of certain indigenous species, overfishing, and environmental destruction including the water hyacinth. These problems have been located in the social, economic and political systems that existed in the pre-colonial, colonial and post colonial times from 1900 – 2012. The Luo fishers had their own indigenous techniques of fishing, methods of preservation and systems of management. The objectives of the study were to describe the nature and patterns of the changing gender roles in the fisheries in Homa Bay County, determine the major factors that influence the gender roles and establish the challenges faced by the fishers. The study used the historical method to evaluate and analyse data obtained from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data was obtained from the Kenya National Archives and from various Government reports on fisheries development in Kenya. Data was also gathered from oral interviews with relevant respondents including boat crew, engine owners, fishermen, fish traders, retired fisherfolk, kiosk owners and Beach Management Unit officials. Secondary data was obtained from books, journal articles, and the internet and newspaper articles in relation to fisheries. The study employed the theory of feminism to demonstrate how men and women should complement each other in their specific roles in order to achieve their goals since both are users of the fish product. The study established that during the pre-colonial period there was plenty of indigenous fish which was mainly for subsistence. Barter trade was conducted at local and regional markets. The fishing industry witnessed many changes during the colonisation of Kenya such as new fishing nets, motorised boats, new fishing regulations and the introduction of different fish species.The findings of the study are as follows: The small scale fishers continued to struggle to survive commercially yet remained voiceless and marginalised. Lack of capital left most retail fishers poor while the rich fishers prospered. The experiences of the fishers in Homa Bay County as spelt out in this study could be used by policy makers in the fisheries sector to come up with strategies that could include all fishers in order to solve the problems affecting the Lake Victoria fisheries. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration and Approval .......................................................................................................... ii Dedication ................................................................................................................................. iv Acknowledgement ..................................................................................................................... v Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... vi Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................... vii List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ......................................................................................... x Definition of Key Terms ........................................................................................................... xi Glossary of Dholuo Terms ....................................................................................................... xii Map of Homa Bay County ..................................................................................................... xiv CHAPTER ONE ...................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background to the Study ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ..................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.4 Research Questions .............................................................................................................. 6 1.5 Justification of the Study ..................................................................................................... 6 1.6 Scope and Limitations of the Study ..................................................................................... 7 1.7 Literature Review................................................................................................................. 7 1.7.2 Nature and Patterns of Gender Roles in the Fishing IndustryGlobally ........................ 8 1.7.3 Nature and Patterns of Gender Roles in the Fishing Industry in East Africa ................. 11 1.8. Theoretical Framework ..................................................................................................... 17 1.9. Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 19 1.10 Ethical Considerations ..................................................................................................... 22 CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................................... 23 TRADITIONAL GENDER ROLES IN THE FISHING INDUSTRY IN HOMA BAY COUNTY 1700 – 1900 ........................................................................................................... 23 2.1. Overview ........................................................................................................................... 23 2.2. The Pre- Colonial Background to the People of Homa Bay
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fishers and Fish Traders of Lake Victoria: Colonial
    FISHERS AND FISH TRADERS OF LAKE VICTORIA: COLONIAL POLICY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF FISH PRODUCTION IN KENYA, 1880-1978. by PAUL ABIERO OPONDO Student No. 34872086 submitted in accordance with the requirement for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject HISTORY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA PROMOTER: DR. MUCHAPARARA MUSEMWA, University of the Witwatersrand CO-PROMOTER: PROF. LANCE SITTERT, University of Cape Town 10 February 2011 DECLARATION I declare that ‘Fishers and Fish Traders of Lake Victoria: Colonial Policy and the Development of Fish Production in Kenya, 1895-1978 ’ is my original unaided work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. I further declare that the thesis has never been submitted before for examination for any degree in any other university. Paul Abiero Opondo __________________ _ . 2 DEDICATION This work is dedicated to several fishers and fish traders who continue to wallow in poverty and hopelessness despite their daily fishing voyages, whose sweat and profits end up in the pockets of big fish dealers and agents from Nairobi. It is equally dedicated to my late father, Michael, and mother, Consolata, who guided me with their wisdom early enough. In addition I dedicate it to my loving wife, Millicent who withstood the loneliness caused by my occasional absence from home, and to our children, Nancy, Michael, Bivinz and Barrack for whom all this is done. 3 ABSTRACT The developemnt of fisheries in Lake Victoria is faced with a myriad challenges including overfishing, environmental destruction, disappearance of certain indigenous species and pollution.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study on Aquatic Biodiversity in the Lake Victoria Basin
    A Study on Aquatic Biodiversity in the Lake Victoria Basin EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY LAKE VICTORIA BASIN COMMISSION A Study on Aquatic Biodiversity in the Lake Victoria Basin © Lake Victoria Basin Commission (LVBC) Lake Victoria Basin Commission P.O. Box 1510 Kisumu, Kenya African Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS) P.O. Box 459178-00100 Nairobi, Kenya Printed and bound in Kenya by: Eyedentity Ltd. P.O. Box 20760-00100 Nairobi, Kenya Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A Study on Aquatic Biodiversity in the Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya: ACTS Press, African Centre for Technology Studies, Lake Victoria Basin Commission, 2011 ISBN 9966-41153-4 This report cannot be reproduced in any form for commercial purposes. However, it can be reproduced and/or translated for educational use provided that the Lake Victoria Basin Commission (LVBC) is acknowledged as the original publisher and provided that a copy of the new version is received by Lake Victoria Basin Commission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Copyright i ACRONYMS iii FOREWORD v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vi 1. BACKGROUND 1 1.1. The Lake Victoria Basin and Its Aquatic Resources 1 1.2. The Lake Victoria Basin Commission 1 1.3. Justification for the Study 2 1.4. Previous efforts to develop Database on Lake Victoria 3 1.5. Global perspective of biodiversity 4 1.6. The Purpose, Objectives and Expected Outputs of the study 5 2. METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSMENT OF BIODIVERSITY 5 2.1. Introduction 5 2.2. Data collection formats 7 2.3. Data Formats for Socio-Economic Values 10 2.5. Data Formats on Institutions and Experts 11 2.6.
    [Show full text]
  • Redacted for Privacy Abstract Approved: I
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Nilton Eduardo Deza Arroyo for the degree of Master of Science in Fisheries Science presented on November 8. 1996. Title: Mercury Accumulation in Fish from Madre de Dios. a Goidmining Area in the Amazon Basin. Peru Redacted for Privacy Abstract approved: I. Weber Redacted for Privacy Wayne K. Seim In this study mercury contamination from goldmining was measured in tissues of fish from Madre de Dios, Amazonia, Peru.Bioaccumulation, biomagnification, the difference in mercury burden among residential and migratory species, and comparison between fish from Puerto Maldonado (a goidmining area) and Manu (a pristine area) were examined. Samples of dorsal-epaxial muscle of dorado (Brachyplatystoma flavicans); fasaco (Hoplias malabaricus),bothcarnivores;boquichico(Prochilodusnigricans),a detritivore;mojarita (Bryconopsaffmelanurus),an insectivore;and carachama (Hypostomus sp.), an detntivore; were analyzed by using the flameless cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique. Dorado, a top predator, displayed the highest values of total mercury (699 ugfKg ± 296).Six out of ten dorados showed an average higher than safe values of 0.5 ug/g (WHO, 1991). Lower values reported in this study in the other species suggest that dorado may have gained its mercury burden downstream of Madre de Dios River, in the Madeira River, where goidmining activities are several times greater than that in the Madre de Dios area. Fasaco from Puerto Maldonado displayed higher levels than fasaco from Manu; however, mercury contamination in Puerto Maldonado is lower than values reported for fish from areas with higher quantities of mercury released into the environment. Positive correlation between mercury content and weight of fish for dorado, fasaco and boquichico served to explain bioaccumulation processes in the area of study.
    [Show full text]
  • Illegal Fishing on Lake Victoria How Joint Operations Are Making an Impact December 2016
    STOP ILLEGAL FISHING CASE STUDY SERIES 12 Illegal fishing on Lake Victoria How joint operations are making an impact December 2016 Background Many initiatives have been undertaken – especially in the Lake Victoria is an important source area of monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) – to of freshwater fish, contributing address the challenges of illegal fishing on Lake Victoria. significantly to the economies of For example, community-based Beach Management Units Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda and the 3 livelihoods and nutrition of three million (BMUs) have been established to legally represent each people. fishing community and undertake MCS activities; an MCS Nile perch, introduced in the 1950s, Regional Working Group (RWG-MCS) has been established became the most important species in to coordinate MCS activities; and the industrial fish the lake decimating the endemic fish processors exercise self-regulation in order to sustain their and, creating a lucrative commercial exports. However the problem continues, to an extent due fishery. Over-fishing and the use of destructive fishing gear has reduced to a lack of equipment and financing as well as technical the stock of larger, legal sized Nile capacity to implement MCS operations. perch1, resulting in the illegal trade of undersized fish. The Chinese market Faced with a continuing decline in the Nile perch stocks, for dried swim bladders has removed the LVFO Council of Ministers asked the SmartFish spawners from the stock, further Programme to work with all three member states to affecting its ability to recover. strengthen MCS of the lake fisheries. This took the form of The Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization capacity building in the first year, to develop professional (LVFO) was formed in 1994, but illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) MCS teams, followed by practical operations for the fishing continues to have a severe remaining three years.
    [Show full text]
  • Models for an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries
    ISSN 0429-9345 FAO FISHERIES 477 TECHNICAL PAPER 477 Models for an ecosystem approach to fisheries Models for an ecosystem approach to fisheries This report reviews the methods available for assessing the impacts of interactions between species and fisheries and their implications for marine fisheries management. A brief description of the various modelling approaches currently in existence is provided, highlighting in particular features of these models that have general relevance to the field of ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF). The report concentrates on the currently available models representative of general types such as bionergetic models, predator-prey models and minimally realistic models. Short descriptions are given of model parameters, assumptions and data requirements. Some of the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of each of the approaches in addressing questions pertaining to EAF are discussed. The report concludes with some recommendations for moving forward in the development of multispecies and ecosystem models and for the prudent use of the currently available models as tools for provision of scientific information on fisheries in an ecosystem context. FAO Cover: Illustration by Elda Longo FAO FISHERIES Models for an ecosystem TECHNICAL PAPER approach to fisheries 477 by Éva E. Plagányi University of Cape Town South Africa FOOD AND AGRICULTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2007 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • LAND USE in KENYA the Case for a National Land Use Policy
    landUse4.1 2/22/02 10:29 AM Page i LAND USE IN KENYA The case for a national land use policy Kenya Land Alliance ol. 3 v Land Reform landUse4.1 2/22/02 10:29 AM Page ii II Credits Published by: Kenya Land Alliance Printing House Road PO Box 7150, Nakuru Tel: +254 37 41203 Email: [email protected] Text by: Consultants for Natural Resources Management PO Box 62702, Nairobi Tel: +254 2 723958; 0733-747677 Fax: +254 2 729607 Email: [email protected] Edited By: Ms. Dali Mwagore PO Box 30677, Nairobi Design and Layout: Creative Multimedia Communications Limited PO Box 56196, Nairobi Tel: +254 2 230048 ISBN 9966-896-92-2 Printed by: Printfast Kenya Limited PO Box Nairobi Tel: 557051 Land Use in Kenya • The case for a national land-use policy landUse4.1 2/22/02 10:29 AM Page iii Cover iii Alpine moorland (water catchments) Humid (intensive agriculture/forestry) Humid (intensive mixed farming) Semi-humid (mixed dryland farming) Semi-arid (pastoralism/wildlife) Arid (nomadic pastoralism) Land Use in Kenya • The case for a national land-use policy landUse4.1 2/22/02 10:29 AM Page iv iv Contents Contents Acknowledgement vi Preface vii Summary viii Acronyms ix Introduction: Land use in Kenya 2 Chapter One: Land resources in Kenya 1.1 Agricultural land potential 5 1.2 Forest resources 10 1.3 Savannahs and grasslands 15 1.4 Water resources 20 1.5 Fisheries 25 1.6 Wetlands 27 1.7 Wildlife resources 29 1.8 Mineral resources 31 1.9 Energy 33 Chapter Two: Land abuse in Kenya 2.1 Soil erosion 37 2.2 Pollution 42 2.3 The polluting agents 44 2.4 Urban
    [Show full text]
  • Seafood Watch® Standard for Fisheries
    1 Seafood Watch® Standard for Fisheries Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Seafood Watch Guiding Principles ...................................................................................................... 3 Seafood Watch Criteria and Scoring Methodology for Fisheries ........................................................... 5 Criterion 1 – Impacts on the Species Under Assessment ...................................................................... 8 Factor 1.1 Abundance .................................................................................................................... 9 Factor 1.2 Fishing Mortality ......................................................................................................... 19 Criterion 2 – Impacts on Other Capture Species ................................................................................ 22 Factor 2.1 Abundance .................................................................................................................. 26 Factor 2.2 Fishing Mortality ......................................................................................................... 27 Factor 2.3 Modifying Factor: Discards and Bait Use .................................................................... 29 Criterion
    [Show full text]
  • Socio-Economic Impacts of Trawling in Lake Victoria 26
    Socio-Economic Impacts of Trawling in Lake Victoria. Item Type Report Section Authors Abila, R. Publisher IUCN Eastern Africa Regional Office Download date 26/09/2021 09:44:50 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/7261 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF TRAWLING IN LAKE VICTORIA RICHARD O. ABILA Research Officer Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute P.O. Box 1881 Kisumu, Kenya Introduction Trawling is a unique technique of harvesting fish on Lake Victoria. It is a modern method requiring relatively high capital investment and is capable of using complex scientific gadgets in monitoring and hauling fish. The fish caught by an average trawler may be many times what a local fishing unit may produce. Therefore, a trawler will yield higher catch per unit of labour and time input in a fishing operation than the traditional fishing boats. There is an official ban in place on commercial trawling in all three East African countries. Despite this, illegal trawling has persisted, presumably with the tacit knowledge of the government officers responsible for enforcing the ban. It appears that the incentives and profits attained in trawling are so high that some trawler owners continue in the business even at the risk of being prosecuted. Alternatively it may be that trawler owners are very powerful and influential people in business or in the civil service. Evidence shows that among the initial owners of trawl boats in Kenya were top government officials, including a Cabinet Minister and an Assistant Director of Fisheries living in the lake region. The profit motives and the powerful forces in the trawler industry effectively ensured that "disused" and non-performing vessels previously owned by the government of Kenya for the delivery of social services, in patrolling the lake and transporting passengers and goods, were purchased by private businessmen and renovated into trawlers.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Fisheries Stock Assessment from Data to Recommendations
    A Guide to Fisheries Stock Assessment From Data to Recommendations Andrew B. Cooper Department of Natural Resources University of New Hampshire Fish are born, they grow, they reproduce and they die – whether from natural causes or from fishing. That’s it. Modelers just use complicated (or not so complicated) math to iron out the details. A Guide to Fisheries Stock Assessment From Data to Recommendations Andrew B. Cooper Department of Natural Resources University of New Hampshire Edited and designed by Kirsten Weir This publication was supported by the National Sea Grant NH Sea Grant College Program College Program of the US Department of Commerce’s Kingman Farm, University of New Hampshire National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Durham, NH 03824 NOAA grant #NA16RG1035. The views expressed herein do 603.749.1565 not necessarily reflect the views of any of those organizations. www.seagrant.unh.edu Acknowledgements Funding for this publication was provided by New Hampshire Sea Grant (NHSG) and the Northeast Consortium (NEC). Thanks go to Ann Bucklin, Brian Doyle and Jonathan Pennock of NHSG and to Troy Hartley of NEC for guidance, support and patience and to Kirsten Weir of NHSG for edit- ing, graphics and layout. Thanks for reviews, comments and suggestions go to Kenneth Beal, retired assistant director of state, federal & constituent programs, National Marine Fisheries Service; Steve Cadrin, director of the NOAA/UMass Cooperative Marine Education and Research Program; David Goethel, commercial fisherman, Hampton, NH; Vincenzo Russo, commercial fisherman, Gloucester, MA; Domenic Sanfilippo, commercial fisherman, Gloucester, MA; Andy Rosenberg, UNH professor of natural resources; Lorelei Stevens, associate editor of Commercial Fisheries News; and Steve Adams, Rollie Barnaby, Pingguo He, Ken LaValley and Mark Wiley, all of NHSG.
    [Show full text]
  • Wasted Catch: Unsolved Problems in U.S. Fisheries
    © Brian Skerry WASTED CATCH: UNSOLVED PROBLEMS IN U.S. FISHERIES Authors: Amanda Keledjian, Gib Brogan, Beth Lowell, Jon Warrenchuk, Ben Enticknap, Geoff Shester, Michael Hirshfield and Dominique Cano-Stocco CORRECTION: This report referenced a bycatch rate of 40% as determined by Davies et al. 2009, however that calculation used a broader definition of bycatch than is standard. According to bycatch as defined in this report and elsewhere, the most recent analyses show a rate of approximately 10% (Zeller et al. 2017; FAO 2018). © Brian Skerry ACCORDING TO SOME ESTIMATES, GLOBAL BYCATCH MAY AMOUNT TO 40 PERCENT OF THE WORLD’S CATCH, TOTALING 63 BILLION POUNDS PER YEAR CORRECTION: This report referenced a bycatch rate of 40% as determined by Davies et al. 2009, however that calculation used a broader definition of bycatch than is standard. According to bycatch as defined in this report and elsewhere, the most recent analyses show a rate of approximately 10% (Zeller et al. 2017; FAO 2018). CONTENTS 05 Executive Summary 06 Quick Facts 06 What Is Bycatch? 08 Bycatch Is An Undocumented Problem 10 Bycatch Occurs Every Day In The U.S. 15 Notable Progress, But No Solution 26 Nine Dirty Fisheries 37 National Policies To Minimize Bycatch 39 Recommendations 39 Conclusion 40 Oceana Reducing Bycatch: A Timeline 42 References ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank Jennifer Hueting and In-House Creative for graphic design and the following individuals for their contributions during the development and review of this report: Eric Bilsky, Dustin Cranor, Mike LeVine, Susan Murray, Jackie Savitz, Amelia Vorpahl, Sara Young and Beckie Zisser.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Fisheries Science and Stock Assessments
    ATLANTIC STATES MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION Guide to Fisheries Science and Stock Assessments von Bertalanffy Growth Curve Maximum 80 Yield 70 60 50 40 Carrying 1/2 Carrying Length (cm) 30 Fishery Yield Fishery Capacity Capacity Observed 20 Estimated 10 0 Low Population Population size High Population 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Age (years) June 2009 Guide to Fisheries Science and Stock Assessments Written by Patrick Kilduff, Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission John Carmichael, South Atlantic Fishery Management Council Robert Latour, Ph.D., Virginia Institute of Marine Science Editor, Tina L. Berger June 2009 i Acknowledgements Reviews of this document were provided by Doug Vaughan, Ph.D., Brandon Muffley, Helen Takade, and Kim McKown, as members of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission’s Assessment Science Committee. Additional reviews and input were provided by ASMFC staff members Melissa Paine, William Most, Joe Grist, Genevieve Nesslage, Ph.D., and Patrick Campfield. Tina Berger, Jessie Thomas-Blate, and Kate Taylor worked on design layout. Special thanks go to those who allowed us use their photographs in this publication. Cover photographs are courtesy of Joseph W. Smith, National Marine Fisheries Service (Atlantic menhaden), Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission (fish otolith) and the Northeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program. This report is a publication of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission pursuant to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Grant No. NA05NMF4741025, under the Atlantic
    [Show full text]
  • TRAWLING in LAKE VICTORIA: Its History, Status and Effects
    Socio-economics of the Lake Victoria Fisheries TRAWLING IN LAKE VICTORIA: Its History, Status and Effects James Siwo Mbuga and Albert Getabu Andrew Asila Modesta Medard Richard Abila Lake Victoria is the second biggest freshwater lake in the world. With its 69,000 km2, the lake has the same size as Ireland. The lake is shared between three countries; Tanzania (which possesses 49%), Uganda (45%) and Kenya (6%) of the lake. The findings, interpretations and conclusions in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or the partner organisations in this project. Newspaper Cuttings: All newspaper cuttings (clips) included in this report are excerpts of Daily Nation articles appearing on various dates on the subject of trawling (except the cutting on page 30 which is from the East African Standard of 6th July, 1998). Design & Layout: IUCN EARO Communications Unit Table of Contents PREFACE .............................................................................................................................................. 3 SUMMARY............................................................................................................................................ 4 TRAWLING IN THE KENYAN PART OF LAKE VICTORIA.......................................................... 5 THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECTS OF EXPERIMENTAL AND COMMERCIAL TRAWLING IN LAKE VICTORIA.................................................................................................... 14 TRAWLING ON THE NYANZA GULF IN
    [Show full text]