Novos Registros De Aves Para O Estado De Santa Catarina, Sul Do Brasil

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Novos Registros De Aves Para O Estado De Santa Catarina, Sul Do Brasil Atualidades Ornitológicas N.126 - Julho/Agosto (July/August) de 2005. pág. 9-12 Novos registros de aves para o Estado de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil Marcos Antonio Guimarães Azevedo1 Ivo Rohling Ghizoni-Jr.2 1. Rua Dib Cherem, 2536. Capoeiras. CEP 88090-000, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. [email protected] 2. Rua Dep. Antonio Edu Vieira, 376/303, Pantanal. CEP 88040-001, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. [email protected] Resumo Este documento apresenta os registros de três novas espécies de aves para Santa Catarina: Phalaropus tricolor (pisa-n’água), Dromococcyx pavoninus (peixe-frito- pavonino) e Lessonia rufa (colegial), sendo discutidos também, aspectos sobre a distribuição e status dessas aves no sul do Brasil. Relata ainda o encontro com Anthus correndera (caminheiro-de-espora), espécie que desde 1929 não era observada no Estado. Salienta-se que, nos últimos anos, novos registros de espécies só foram possíveis devido a crescente formação de pesquisadores especializados no Estado, além do fato que a implantação de novos empreendimentos, com suas respectivas medidas ambientais compensatórias, permitiu executar estudos em locais pouco conhecidos do meio científico, gerando dados singulares. A importante descoberta dessas espécies implica agora na elaboração de estratégias e práticas que possam assegurar sua conservação. Palavras-chave: novas espécies, aves, conservação, Santa Catarina. Abstract New bird records to Santa Catarina State, south Brazil. This document shows the registers of three new bird species to Santa Catarina: Tricolor Phalaropus (Wilson’s Phalarope), Dromococcyx pavoninus (Pavonine Cuckoo) and Lessonia rufa (Patagonian Negrito), being also argued, aspects on the distribution and status of these birds in south Brazil. It still tells to the meeting with Anthus correndera (Correndera Pipit), species that until 1929 was not observed in the State. Salient that, in the last years, new registers of species were been possible had the increasing formation of researchers specialized in the State, beyond the fact that the implantation of new enterprises, with its respective environmental compensatory measures, it allowed to execute studies in places few known of the scientific society, generating singular data. The important discovery of these species implies now on the elaboration of practices and strategies that can assure its conservation. Key words: new species, birds, conservation, Santa Catarina. Introdução O status de conhecimento atual das aves em Santa Catarina pode ser considerado como satisfatório, graças ao pioneirismo de pesquisadores como Helmut Sick (Sick et al., 1981) e ao contínuo esforço de Lenir A. do Rosário, que culminou com o singular “As aves em Santa Catarina” (Rosário, 1996). Mesmo assim, se comparado a outros estados do País, Santa Catarina ainda carece de pesquisas atualizadas sobre levantamentos básicos por região e ambientes. Um exemplo deste fato ocorre no oeste catarinense, onde há poucos estudos específicos, uma vez que a maioria dos pesquisadores reside na vertente atlântica. Nos últimos anos, a crescente formação de novos pesquisadores especializados promoveu a descoberta de novas espécies de aves no território catarinense (Naka et al. 2000, Naka et al. 2002, Accordi, et al. 2002, Ghizoni-Jr., 2004, Borchardt-Junior et al. 2004, Piacentini et al. 2005). Somado a isso, a implantação de novos empreendimentos, com suas respectivas medidas compensatórias, permitiu executar estudos em locais pouco conhecidos do meio científico, gerando dados singulares (Laps et al. 2004, Azevedo, 2005). Este documento tem por objetivo principal apresentar os registros de três novas espécies para Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil e relatar o reencontro com Anthus correndera (caminheiro-de-espora). Aspectos Metodológicos Todos os registros das espécies aqui apresentadas foram auxiliados por binóculos e, quando possível, documentadas com câmaras fotográficas e rádio gravador. Foram anotados o comportamento e ambiente onde as espécies foram registradas. As observações ocorreram em momentos e locais distintos, todas durante a elaboração de estudos de monitoramento da fauna, provenientes de medidas compensatórias do impacto ambiental de empreendimentos. Foi utilizada literatura especializada para auxiliar na identificação das espécies em campo (Narosky y Yzurieta 1993, Sick 1997, Souza 1998), além de fitas cassete contendo vocalizações (Straneck, 1990). A nomenclatura seguiu CBRO (2005). Resultados e Discussão Família Scolopacidae Phalaropus tricolor (Vieillot, 1819) - pisa-n’água. Registro: Um único indivíduo foi observado rapidamente com binóculo e documentado em fotografia por M.A.G Azevedo em 22/I/2003, enquanto forrageava no solo, numa área alagada de solo lodoso que sofria a influência das marés. Local: O indivíduo estava às margens da Lagoa do Camacho, durante a primeira campanha de campo do Levantamento da Avifauna na Área Diretamente Afetada pela Implantação do Empreendimento Parque Eólico Santa Marta, município de Laguna (MAURIQUE, 2003). As coordenadas de referência são: 28º 35’ 04” S e 48º 51’ 08” W. Considerações: De acordo com Sick (1997), a espécie ocorre dos EUA até a porção setentrional da América do Sul, não sendo raro em certos locais - Rio Grande do Sul, estuário amazônico e Baixada de Campos (RJ). No Paraná a espécie foi observada na região de várzeas do Rio Iguaçu, próximo de Curitiba, além de ser mencionada para o litoral (Scherer-Neto e Straube, 1995). É incomum no Rio Grande do Sul, tendo poucos registros confirmados, sempre litorâneos (Belton, 1994). A espécie é migrante em território brasileiro vindo do norte para passar o verão (Hayman et al. 1986). Apresenta distinção na plumagem conforme a época do ano, apresentando padrão de descanso como o indivíduo observado. Normalmente, não pousa perto da água do mar, preferindo poças e lagoas costeiras que apresentam pouca quantidade de sal, já que apresentam a glândula de eliminação de sal pouco eficiente em relação aos outros Phalaropus spp. (Hayman et al. 1986). Família Cuculidae Dromococcyx pavoninus (Pelzeln, 1870) - peixe-frito-pavonino. Registro: Ao entardecer no dia 31/VIII/2004, um indivíduo foi identificado por vocalização singular. Ao ser imitado por I. R. Ghizoni-Jr, o indivíduo aproximou-se e permaneceu por longo tempo respondendo aos chamados (cerca de duas horas após escurecer). Já em 01/IX/2004, no mesmo local, foi ouvido novamente no período da manhã pelo pesquisador, quando teve sua vocalização documentada em fita cassete. Segundo morador vizinho à área do registro contatos auditivos dessa espécie são comuns entre o fim do inverno, primavera e verão, provavelmente devido ao período reprodutivo. Como constatado por Partridge (1993), I. R. Ghizoni-Jr não visualizou o indivíduo, mesmo estando muito próximo a ele. Local: Parque Estadual das Araucárias, município de São Domingos. As coordenadas de referência são: 26° 39' 17" S e 52° 32' 33" W. O ambiente de registro é um fragmento (640 hectares) de Floresta Ombrófila Mista (araucária) com grande quantidade de taquaras e brenhas em floresta nativa. Considerações: Segundo Sick (1997) a espécie ocorre na região setentrional da América do Sul, em sentido meridional até o Paraguai e Argentina. No Brasil é encontrado na Amazônia, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Paraná. Não é incomum no Paraná (Scherer-Neto e Straube, 1995). A espécie foi registrada no Rio Grande do Sul pela primeira vez apenas na década passada (Albuquerque, 1996). A partir daí vários novos registros foram documentados em diferentes localidades. É considerada “em perigo” naquele estado (Bencke et al., 2003). A espécie parece ser residente no sul do Brasil (Albuquerque, 1996). Segundo de del Hoyo et al. (1997) a espécie é tolerante a fragmentação florestal. Salienta-se que como a densidade dessa espécie é naturalmente baixa, num ambiente fragmentado isso pode aumentar ainda mais sua possibilidade de extinção local (Bencke et al., 2003). Família Tyrannidae Lessonia rufa (Gmelin, 1789) - colegial. Registro: Um indivíduo macho adulto foi observado rapidamente numa única ocasião em 20/X/2003, forrageando numa lagoa de carcinicultura vazia. De coloração inconfundível, a espécie foi prontamente identificada por M.A.G. Azevedo. Local: Município de Laguna, durante a primeira campanha de campo do Monitoramento da Avifauna na Área Diretamente Afetada pela Implantação do Empreendimento Parque Eólico Santa Marta (MAURIQUE, 2003). As coordenadas de referência são: 28º 35’ 04” S e 48º 51’ 08” W. Considerações: Segundo Sick (1997), ocorre da Terra do Fogo até o Rio Grande do Sul, onde aparece em bom número entre maio e agosto; Bolívia e Peru. É comum no sul do Chile e na Argentina. Observado pela primeira vez no Paraná na região litorânea no município de Paranaguá (Bornschein e Reinert, 1997). É considerada naquele Estado como “deficiente de dados” (Straube et al., 2004). No Rio Grande do Sul é considerada comum e migrante de inverno por Belton (1994), tendo sido registrada e/ou coletada em diferentes localidades daquele estado em ambiente aberto com gramíneas curtas. Família Motacillidae Anthus correndera Vieillot, 1818 - caminheiro-de-espora. Registro: Alguns indivíduos desta espécie foram observados por M.A.G. Azevedo em prováveis vôos nupciais na primeira campanha de campo do Monitoramento da Fauna de Insetos, Aves e Mamíferos do Parque Eólico do Horizonte, entre 29/IX-03/X/2003. Neste comportamento, semelhante ao descrito por Sick (1997), os indivíduos saíam do chão em vôo quase vertical
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