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Significance of Sedimentological Studies on the Wisconsinan

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Significance of Sedimentological Studies on the Wisconsinan Document generated on 09/30/2021 7:41 p.m. Géographie physique et Quaternaire Significance of Sedimentological Studies on the Wisconsinan Stratigraphy of Southern Ontario L’importance des études de sédimentologie en vue de l’établissement de la stratigraphie du Wisconsinien dans le sud de l’Ontario Die Bedeutung der sedimentologischen Studien für die Stratigraphie von Süd-Ontario während des Wisconsin David R. Sharpe and Peter J. Barnett Volume 39, Number 3, 1985 Article abstract Detailed facies mapping along Lake Erie and Lake Ontario Bluffs, plus other URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/032607ar studies illustrate that sedimentological studies, especially those with DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/032607ar geomorphic or landform control, have had three main effects on the Wisconsinan stratigraphy of Ontario: (1) improved understanding of See table of contents depositional processes and environments of several major rock stratigraphic units, without altering the stratigraphic framework, (2) aided correlation of drift sequences, and (3) questioned previous interpretations and stratigraphic Publisher(s) correlations of drift sequences. Thus sedimentological analysis can not be separated from stratigraphy because the interpretation of depositional Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal environnments of many mapped strata relies on their geometry and the inclusion of regional data. The geomorphic control provided by ISSN sedimentological study of surface landforms is also important because assessment of older buried sediments such as those at the Scarborough Bluffs 0705-7199 (print) has been hampered by the failure to determine landform control. The Late 1492-143X (digital) Wisconsinan stratigraphy of Southern Ontario generally remains unchanged, except for questions on the role of climate versus ice margin dynamics. The Explore this journal pre-Late Wisconsinan stratigraphy is scarce and not well defined, yet sedimentary studies support the presence of glacial ice in the Ontario Lake basin for all of the Middle Wisconsinan and possibly earlier, including the Cite this article formation of the Scarborough delta. Large channel cut and fill sequences in the Toronto area (Pottery Road Formation), initially interpreted as resulting from Sharpe, D. R. & Barnett, P. J. (1985). Significance of Sedimentological Studies on subaerial erosion, were probably formed by subaqueous or subglacial the Wisconsinan Stratigraphy of Southern Ontario. Géographie physique et meltwater erosion. If so, the pre-Late Wisconsinan stratigraphy in southern Quaternaire, 39(3), 255–273. https://doi.org/10.7202/032607ar Ontario changes because the Pottery Road Formation may not be an Early Wisconsinan correlative of the St. Pierre beds. The channel example illustrates that stratigraphie correlation without sedimentological investigations may be misleading. Tous droits réservés © Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1985 This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 1985, vol. XXXIX, n° 3, p. 255-273, 18 fig., 2 tabl. SIGNIFICANCE OF SEDIMENTOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE WISCONSINAN STRATIGRAPHY OF SOUTHERN ONTARIO* David R. SHARPE and Peter J. BARNETT, Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8, and Ontario Geological Survey, 77 Greenville Street. Toronto, Ontario M5S 1B3. ABSTRACT Detailed faciès mapping along RÉSUMÉ L'importance des études de sé- ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Bedeutung der Lake Erie and Lake Ontario Bluffs, plus other dimentologie en vue de l'établissement de sedimentologischen Studien fur die Strati­ studies illustrate that sedimentological studies, la stratigraphie du Wisconsinien dans le sud graphie von Sud-Ontario wàhrend des Wis­ especially those with geomorphic or landform de l'Ontario. La cartographie détaillée des consin. Die detaillierte kartographie der Fazies control, have had three main effects on the faciès le long des falaises du lac Erié et du entlang des Erie-Sees und der Steilufer des Wisconsinan stratigraphy of Ontario: (1) im­ lac Ontario ainsi que d'autres études ont dé­ Ontario-Sees veranschaulichen zusammen proved understanding of depositional proc­ montré que les études de sédimentologie, mit anderen Studien, dafi die sedimentolo­ esses and environments of several major rock qui tiennent compte du contexte géomor­ gischen Studien, insbesondere diejenigen mit stratigraphie units, without altering the stra­ phologique, ont eu des résultats bénéfiques geomorphologischer oder Landform-Kontrolle, tigraphie framework, (2) aided correlation of pour rétablissement de la stratigraphie du drei Haupt-auswirkungen auf die Erstellung drift sequences, and (3) questioned previous Wisconsinien en Ontario, notamment : 1 ) une der Wisconsin-Stratigraphie von Ontario hat- interpretations and stratigraphie correlations meilleure compréhension des processus et ten: 1) ein besseres Verstàndnis der AbIa- of drift sequences. Thus sedimentological des environnements sédimentaires de plu­ gerungsprozesse und -umbegungen von analysis can not be separated from stratig­ sieurs unités stratigraphiques, sans qu'il y ait einigen wichtigen stratigraphischen Fels-ein- raphy because the interpretation of deposi­ modification du cadre stratigraphique général ; heiten ohne Ànderung des stratigraphischen tional environnments of many mapped strata 2) une meilleure corrélation entre les sé­ Rahmens, 2) eine verbesserte Korrelation der relies on their geometry and the inclusion of quences de dépôts; 3) une remise en question Aufeinanderfolge der Ablagerungen und 3) regional data. The geomorphic control pro­ de certaines interprétations antérieures et de eine Infragestellung von frùheren Interpre- vided by sedimentological study of surface certaines corrélations entre les séquences tationen und stratigraphischen Korrelationen landforms is also important because as­ de dépôts. Ces résultats démontrent que der Aufeinanderfolge von Ablagerungen. Also sessment of older buried sediments such as l'analyse sédimentologique est fortement liée kann eine sedimentologische Analyse nicht those at the Scarborough Bluffs has been à la stratigraphie étant donné que les milieux von der Stratigraphie getrennt werden, weil hampered by the failure to determine landform de dépôts ne peuvent s'expliquer qu'en tenant die Interpretation der Ablagerungs-umge- control. The Late Wisconsinan stratigraphy compte de leur géométrie et du contexte ré­ bungen vieler kartographisch festgehaltener of Southern Ontario generally remains un­ gional. La connaissance de la géomorphologie Strata auf ihrer Géométrie beruht, sowie auf changed, except for questions on the role of qu'on obtient grâce aux études de sédimen­ der Einbeziehung regionaler Daten. Die geo- climate versus ice margin dynamics. The pre- tologie des formes est aussi très importante, morphologische Kontrolle, die durch die se­ Late Wisconsinan stratigraphy is scarce and car on constate que certaines interprétations dimentologische Studie der Oberflâchen- not well defined, yet sedimentary studies des sédiments anciens enfouis ont été er­ landformen gewàhrt wird, ist auch wichtig, support the presence of glacial ice in the On­ ronées pour ne pas avoir tenu compte du weil die Einschâtzung altérer vergrabener tario Lake basin for all of the Middle Wis­ rôle de la morphologie. La stratigraphie du Sedimente, wie die an den Steilufern von consinan and possibly earlier, including the Wisconsinien supérieur du sud de l'Ontario Scarborough behindert wurde, weil die Land­ formation of the Scarborough delta. Large demeure à peu près inchangée, sauf en ce form-Kontrolle nicht durchgefiihrt wurde. Die channel cut and fill sequences in the Toronto qui a trait au rôle du climat et à celui de la Stratigraphie von Sud-Ontario im spàten area (Pottery Road Formation), initially in­ marge glaciaire. La stratigraphie d'avant le Wisconsin bleibt im allgemeinen unveràndert terpreted as resulting from subaerial erosion, Wisconsinien supérieur est encore mal définie, mit Ausnahme von Fragen. die die RoIIe des were probably formed by subaqueous or mais les études de sédimentologie indiquent Klimas gegenùber der Dynamik der Eisgrenze subglacial meltwater erosion. If so, the pre- que les glaciers ont occupé le bassin du lac betreffen. Die Stratigraphie vor dem spaten Late Wisconsinan stratigraphy in southern Ontario, y compris le delta de la Formation Wisconsin ist spârlich und nicht gut definiert, Ontario changes because the Pottery Road de Scarborough, pendant tout le Wisconsinien doch bekràftigen Sediment-Studien das Vor- Formation may not be an Early Wisconsinan moyen, peut-être même avant. Certaines sé­ kommen von glazialem Eis im Becken des correlative of the St. Pierre beds. The channel ries de grands chenaux d'érosion et de Ontario-Sees und auch in der Ausformung example illustrates that stratigraphie corre­ comblement dans la région de Toronto (For­ des Scarborough Deltas fur das ganze mittlere lation without sedimentological investigations mation de Pottery Road), interprétés d'abord Wisconsin und môglicherweise auch friiher. may be misleading. comme ayant
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