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French and German Cultural Cooperation, 1925-1954 Elana
The Cultivation of Friendship: French and German Cultural Cooperation, 1925-1954 Elana Passman A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History Chapel Hill 2008 Approved by: Dr. Donald M. Reid Dr. Christopher R. Browning Dr. Konrad H. Jarausch Dr. Alice Kaplan Dr. Lloyd Kramer Dr. Jay M. Smith ©2008 Elana Passman ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT ELANA PASSMAN The Cultivation of Friendship: French and German Cultural Cooperation, 1925-1954 (under the direction of Donald M. Reid) Through a series of case studies of French-German friendship societies, this dissertation investigates the ways in which activists in France and Germany battled the dominant strains of nationalism to overcome their traditional antagonism. It asks how the Germans and the French recast their relationship as “hereditary enemies” to enable them to become partners at the heart of today’s Europe. Looking to the transformative power of civic activism, it examines how journalists, intellectuals, students, industrialists, and priests developed associations and lobbying groups to reconfigure the French-German dynamic through cultural exchanges, bilingual or binational journals, conferences, lectures, exhibits, and charitable ventures. As a study of transnational cultural relations, this dissertation focuses on individual mediators along with the networks and institutions they developed; it also explores the history of the idea of cooperation. Attempts at rapprochement in the interwar period proved remarkably resilient in the face of the prevalent nationalist spirit. While failing to override hostilities and sustain peace, the campaign for cooperation adopted a new face in the misguided shape of collaborationism during the Second World War. -
Paternal Genetic Structure in Contemporary Mennonite Communities from the American Midwest Kristine G
Wayne State University Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints WSU Press 4-1-2016 Paternal Genetic Structure In Contemporary Mennonite Communities From The American Midwest Kristine G. Beaty Laboratories of Biological Anthropology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, [email protected] M. J. Mosher Department of Anthropology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, [email protected] Michael H. Crawford Laboratories of Biological Anthropology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, [email protected] Phillip Melton Curtin/UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, and Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia, [email protected] Recommended Citation Beaty, Kristine G.; Mosher, M. J.; Crawford, Michael H.; and Melton, Phillip, "Paternal Genetic Structure In Contemporary Mennonite Communities From The American Midwest" (2016). Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints. 112. http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol_preprints/112 This Open Access Preprint is brought to you for free and open access by the WSU Press at DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. Paternal genetic structure in contemporary Mennonite communities from the American Midwest Kristie Beaty1, MJ Mosher2, Michael H. Crawford3, Phillip Melton4 1University of Kansas, 2Western Washington University, 3University of Kansas Main Campus, 4University of Western Australia. Corresponding author: Phillip E. Melton, Ph.D Curtin/UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease University of Western Australia 35 Stirling HWY (M409) Crawley, WA, 6009 Australia Tel: 61 (8) 9224-0367 e-mail: [email protected] Keywords: Anabaptist, Y-Chromosome, Mennonites, Kansas, Nebraska, Population Structure, Anthropological Genetics Running header: Y-chromosome variation in Mennonites. -
The Return of the Auslandsdeutscheto Germany in 1919-20
A Forgotten Minority: The Return of the Auslandsdeutsche to Germany in 1919-20 MATTHEW STIBBE Sheffield Hallam University This article examines the expulsion of Germans abroad (Auslandsdeutsche) from Allied countries and colonial empires in the aftermath of the First World War, and their somewhat negative reception in Weimar Germany in 1919-20. It does so against the background of what it identifies as a re-territorialisation of German national identity, beginning during the war itself and leading to an abrupt reversal of previous trends towards the inclusion of Germans abroad within broader transnational notions of Germanness (Deutschtum), rights to citizenship and aspirations to world power status. Re-territorialisation was not born out of the logic of de-territorialisation and Weltpolitik in any dialectical sense, however. Rather, its causes were largely circumstantial: the outbreak of global war in 1914, the worldwide economic and naval blockade of Imperial Germany, and its final defeat in 1918. Nonetheless, its implications were substantial, particularly for the way in which minority German groups living beyond Germany’s new borders were constructed in official and non-official discourses in the period after 1919-20. Keywords: Auslandsdeutsche, citizenship, de-territorialisation, Germans abroad, re-territorialisation Studies on National Movements 5 (2020) | Articles Introduction ‘Coming home’ was a common experience for combatants and civilians from all belligerent nations at the end of the First World War. It was also a process -
The German Identity Op Mennonite Brethren Immigrants in Canada, 1930-1960
THE GERMAN IDENTITY OP MENNONITE BRETHREN IMMIGRANTS IN CANADA, 1930-1960 by BENJAMIN WALL REDEKOP B.A., Fresno Pacific College, 1985 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF HISTORY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA September 1990 ©BENJAMIN WALL REDEKOP, 1990 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of l4i£4p/' The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada Date DE-6 (2/88) ii ABSTRACT Little scholarly research has been done on the function of Germanism among Mennonites who immigrated to Canada from Russia in the 1920's, and what has been done often relies on an oversimplified "desire for separation" to explain the phenomenon. At the same time, it has been argued that the enthusiasm for Nazi Germany among Mennonite immigrants in Canada is to be understood as part of a larger "Volks-German awakening". In fact, the Mennonite experience of brutal treatment during the Bolshevik Revolution, the economic conditions of the Great Depression, and assinflationist pressures from Canadian society put them in a naturally receptive position for the cultural, political and ethnic ideas associated with the "new Germany". -
Finnish Studies
Journal of Finnish Studies Volume 23 Number 1 November 2019 ISSN 1206-6516 ISBN 978-1-7328298-1-7 JOURNAL OF FINNISH STUDIES EDITORIAL AND BUSINESS OFFICE Journal of Finnish Studies, Department of English, 1901 University Avenue, Evans 458, Box 2146, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TEXAS 77341-2146, USA Tel. 1.936.294.1420; Fax 1.936.294.1408 E-mail: [email protected] EDITORIAL STAFF Helena Halmari, Editor-in-Chief, Sam Houston State University [email protected] Hanna Snellman, Co-Editor, University of Helsinki [email protected] Scott Kaukonen, Assoc. Editor, Sam Houston State University [email protected] Hilary-Joy Virtanen, Asst. Editor, Finlandia University [email protected] Sheila Embleton, Book Review Editor, York University [email protected] EDITORIAL BOARD Börje Vähämäki, Founding Editor, JoFS, Professor Emeritus, University of Toronto Raimo Anttila, Professor Emeritus, University of California, Los Angeles Michael Branch, Professor Emeritus, University of London Thomas DuBois, Professor, University of Wisconsin, Madison Sheila Embleton, Distinguished Research Professor, York University Aili Flint, Emerita Senior Lecturer, Associate Research Scholar, Columbia University Tim Frandy, Assistant Professor, Western Kentucky University Daniel Grimley, Professor, Oxford University Titus Hjelm, Associate Professor, University of Helsinki Daniel Karvonen, Senior Lecturer, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Johanna Laakso, Professor, University of Vienna Jason Lavery, Professor, Oklahoma State University James P. Leary, Professor Emeritus, University of Wisconsin, Madison Andrew Nestingen, Associate Professor, University of Washington, Seattle Jyrki Nummi, Professor, University of Helsinki Jussi Nuorteva, Director General, The National Archives of Finland Juha Pentikäinen, Professor, University of Lapland Oiva Saarinen, Professor Emeritus, Laurentian University, Sudbury Beth L. -
GERMANS from RUSSIA Why Did They Come to North Dakota?
GERMANS FROM RUSSIA Why did they come to North Dakota? The region surrounding the Black Sea port of Odessa, Russia, figures heavily in North Dakota’s history. In the early 1900s, thousands of German Russians immigrated to the U.S., with large numbers settling in the state. SHSND 0169-03 It all began with German-born Catherine the Great, who married the future tsar of Russia, Peter the Third, when she was 16. When she became empress of Russia in 1762, Catherine issued a manifesto to her native Germany offering free land, financial help, and freedom from military service for Germans who would come to Russia to develop the land. Hundreds of thousands of Germans answered the call, to leave the crop failures in Germany, as well as lack of living space and high taxes. By the end of the 1800s, the Germans had created thriving agricultural colonies. When Alexander II became tsar, he wanted Germans to become Russian. The lives of Germans living in Russia were increasingly threatened. When Germans were forced to enter the Russian military to fight their native country, a new mass migration began – this time to the United States. Free land provided by the Homestead Act enticed many to move to the United States, especially SHSND 2005-P-021-00004 the Great Plains states. By 1910 about 60,000 Germans from Russia (immigrants and their American-born children) lived in North Dakota. Nearly all German-Russian settlers in North Dakota came here from colonies near the Black Sea, in what is now the Ukraine. They mostly homesteaded in the central part of the state with heaviest populations in Emmons, McIntosh, and Logan counties. -
American Historical Society of Germans from Russia
American Historical Society Of Germans From Russia Work Paper No. 25 Winter, 1977 Price $2.50 TABLE OF CONTENTS PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE RuthM. Amen ................................…………………………………………………………...............…................... i TWO POEMS Nona Uhrich Nimnicht .................................…………………………………………………………….........……............... .ii PASSAGE TO RUSSIA: WHO WERE THE EMIGRANTS? Lew Malinowski Translated by Dona B. Reeves. ................………………………………….................……................ 1 THE FIRST STATISTICAL REPORT ON THE VOLGA COLONIES - February 14, 1769. Prepared for Empress Catherine II by Count Orlov Translated by Adam Giesinger.....................................……………………………………………………………...............…4 EARLY CHRONICLERS AMONG THE VOLGA GERMANS Reminiscences ofHeinrich Erfurth, S. Koliweck, and Kaspar Scheck Translated by Adam Giesinger. ...............................……………………………………………………..................... 10 A VOLHYNIAN GERMAN CONTRACT Adam Giesinger. ...................................................…………………………………………………………............. 13 THE REBUILDING OF GERMAN EVANGELICAL PARISHES IN THE EAST An Appeal of 17 January 1943 to the Nazi authorities by Pastor Friedrich Rink Translated by Adam Giesinger. ..................................……………………………………………………................... 15 A BIT OF EUROPE IN DAKOTA: THE GERMAN RUSSIAN COLONY AT EUREKA W. S. Harwood ..........................................…………………………………………………………….................... .17 A VOICE FROM THE PAST: The Autobiography of Gottlieb Isaak Introduced -
MENNONITE LIFE“ in Den Jahren 1946-1999 Über Russlandmennoniten
Liste von Artikel in „MENNONITE LIFE“ in den Jahren 1946-1999 über Russlandmennoniten MENNONITE LIFE (1946-1999) http://www.bethelks.edu/mennonitelife/mlpast.html ML 1998 2 june Leonhard Sudermann Building a Mennonite Church in Berdyansk translated by John B. Toews S. 16-23 http://www.bethelks.edu/mennonitelife/pre2000/1998june.pdf ML 1997 3 sept David P. Sudermann Sound and Silence: The Autobiographical Writings of Amy Sudermarm Enss S. 16-31 http://www.bethelks.edu/mennonitelife/pre2000/1997sep.pdf ML 1996 3 sept John Friesen The Story of the Gruenfeld Melmorute Church in Zelenopole, Ukraine S. 16- 21 http://www.bethelks.edu/mennonitelife/pre2000/1996sep.pdf ML 1995 2 june John B. Toews Forgotten Goodness: The Deutsche Mennoniten-Hilfe (1920-1932) S. 12-17 http://www.bethelks.edu/mennonitelife/pre2000/1995june.pdf ML 1994 2 june Calvin Redekop and Benjamin Redekop The Naumenko Mill Fever S. 11-14 Foto Back Cover Benjamin F. Redekopp and Benjamin Redekopp Ill, managers of the flour mills. http://www.bethelks.edu/mennonitelife/pre2000/1994june.pdf - 1 - Mennonitische Geschichte und Ahnenforschung ML 1991 3 sept James Urry Immigration and Famine in Russia, 1833 Two letters of Johann Carnies S. 18-21 http://www.bethelks.edu/mennonitelife/pre2000/1991sep.pdf ML 1991 1 mar James Urry The Russian State, the Mennonite World and the Migration from Russia to North America in the 1870s S. 11-16 Peter Penner Baptist in All But Name: Molotschna Mennonite Brethren in India S. 17-22 http://www.bethelks.edu/mennonitelife/pre2000/1991mar.pdf ML 1990 1 mar Peter G. -
The High German of Russian Mennonites in Ontario by Nikolai
The High German of Russian Mennonites in Ontario by Nikolai Penner A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in German Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2009 © Nikolai Penner 2009 Author’s Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract The main focus of this study is the High German language spoken by Russian Mennonites, one of the many groups of German-speaking immigrants in Canada. Although the primary language of most Russian Mennonites is a Low German variety called Plautdietsch, High German has been widely used in Russian Mennonite communities since the end of the eighteenth century and is perceived as one of their mother tongues. The primary objectives of the study are to investigate: 1) when, with whom, and for what purposes the major languages of Russian Mennonites were used by the members of the second and third migration waves (mid 1920s and 1940-50s respectively) and how the situation has changed today; 2) if there are any differences in spoken High German between representatives of the two groups and what these differences can be attributed to; 3) to what extent the High German of the subjects corresponds to the Standard High German. The primary thesis of this project is that different historical events as well as different social and political conditions witnessed by members of these groups both in Russia (e.g. -
The Homesteader Issue 6
THE HOMESTEADER newsletter of the harvey county genealogical society Volume 2 Issue 3 - May 2006 - ISSN 1559-3592 THE GERMAN-RUSSIAN MENNONITES: A DILIGENT PEOPLE © 2005 by Diana G. (Buller) Carmichael Printed with permission from Diana G. (Buller) Carmichael, a descendant of those diligent Mennonites The term ’German-Russian’ (or ’Russian-German’) is the identifier of the migration of the Mennonite people, since the documented historical roots of Mennonites today are found in the early sixteenth century Anabaptists, many of whom are traced to their origins in the Netherlands. These ancestral congregations were perceived as a threat to the Catholic church and reformers of the day, so were constantly persecuted for their beliefs. They eventually followed the leadership of Menno Simons (born in Witmarsum, Friesland in 1495; died in Wüstenfelde, Germany on January 31, 1561), who had joined the Anabaptist movement in 1536, and from whose name the word Mennonites (’Mennisten‘) is derived. Their position on church membership was that it should be an adult decision, rather than infant baptism, and their views of the Bible and discipleship led them to practice non-resistance (refusal to bear arms, swear allegiance to any earthly authority, hold political office, or sue in a court of law). Thus strongly committed to following these precepts, they wandered Europe seeking religious freedom and were scattered throughout Switzerland, Holland, Germany and Prussia (Polish Russia). In her Manifesto of July 22, 1763, Catherine the Great (born a Princess in Germany on April 21, 1762), Empress of Russia, offered a vast region of the royal lands for agricultural development to the persecuted peoples of all faiths with the promises, among other things, that they could practice their beliefs with no restrictions, not be required to pay taxes to the treasury, and would not be pressed into military service. -
Chortitza “Old” Colony, 1789
-being the Magazine/Journal of the Hanover Steinbach Historical Society Inc. Preservings $20.00 No. 20, June, 2002 “A people who have not the pride to record their own history will not long have the virtues to make their history worth recording; and no people who are indifferent to their past need hope to make their future great.” — Jan Gleysteen Chortitza “Old” Colony, 1789 The story of the first settlement of the Flemish Mennonites at the junc- tion of the Chortitza and Dnjepr Riv- ers in 1789 in Imperial Russia is re- plete with drama, tension and trag- edy. It is no small task to establish a peaceful Christian community in an undeveloped steppe and to create an environment where the pioneers and their descendants could thrive and prosper. Within a century the Chortitza “Old” Colony had become perhaps the most prosperous com- munity in the area north of the Black Sea and its industries were leading the way in the region’s booming economy. After some initial faltering the Chortitza Flemish Gemeinde was to become the most stable and flourish- ing of the Mennonites in Russia. It is a precious gift of God to build a large congregation of 4000 and more mem- bers out of a population originating from different Gemeinden and vari- ous regions in the Vistula Delta in Royal Poland and West Prussia. The German Wehrmacht at the entrance to the turbine building of Dnjeproges Hydro-electric dam, June 1941. To God had granted the Flemish pio- the left is the Hydro-electric dam; right, in the rear, the Island of Chortitza with the Mennonite village established neers noble and spirit-filled leaders in 1789; and middle, the bridge over the “new” Dnjepr (east channel). -
Working Papers 24 (2000)
A friend in need or a friend indeed? Finnish perceptions of Germanys role in the EU and Europe Tuomas Forsberg Director The Finnish Institute of International Affairs [email protected] Working Papers 24 (2000) Ulkopoliittinen instituutti (UPI) The Finnish Institute of International Affairs A FRIEND IN NEED OR A FRIEND INDEED? FINNISH PERCEPTIONS OF GERMANY’S ROLE IN THE EU AND EUROPE Tuomas Forsberg I would like to thank Petri Hakkarainen, Seppo Hentilä, Hannes Saarinen, Uwe Schmalz, Kristina Spohr and Pekka Visuri for helpful comments and background material as well as Ambassador Arto Mansala and Minister- Councellor Aristide E. Fenster for illuminating discussions on the subject. The paper is prepared for a project on ”Germany’s new European Policy” conducted by Institut für Europäische Politik. 1 CONTENTS Introduction: Finland's Positive View of Germany 2 The World Wars: The “Myth” of Germany as the Saviour of Finland 4 Division of Germany and the Cold War: ”Turning the Back” 5 German Unification and European Integration: Common Interests or Renewed Bandwagoning? 7 Berliner Republik: Storms in a Glass of Water? 13 Future Expectations: More Contacts, More Friction? 16 2 Introduction: Finland's Positive View of Germany Finland is often seen as a country whose view of Germany has traditionally been more positive than that of the average of the European countries. According to an opinion poll that was conducted in 1996, 42 % of the Finns have a positive view, 47 % a neutral and only 6 % a negative view of Germany and Germans.1 This positive attitude is not only a result of the large amount of cultural and trade contacts or societal similarities, shared Lutheran religion and German roots of Finnish political thinking but derives also from the historical experience that Germany has been willing to help Finland in bad times.