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Epibryon Kondratyukii Sp. Nov., a New Algicolous Fungus, and Notes on Rare Lichenicolous Fungi Collected in Southern Ukraine

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Epibryon Kondratyukii Sp. Nov., a New Algicolous Fungus, and Notes on Rare Lichenicolous Fungi Collected in Southern Ukraine Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 56: 109–116 (2019) https://doi.org/10.12697/fce.2019.56.11 Epibryon kondratyukii sp. nov., a new algicolous fungus, and notes on rare lichenicolous fungi collected in Southern Ukraine Valeriy V. Darmostuk1,2 & Alexander Ye. Khodosovtsev1 1Kherson State University, 27 Universytetska Str., 73000 Kherson, Ukraine. E-mail: [email protected] 2Nizhnedneprovskiy National Nature Park, 136-a Universytetska Str., 73000 Kherson, Ukraine Abstract: The new algicolous fungus Epibryon kondratyukii sp. nov. grows on Coccomyxa-like films on leaves of Polytrichum piliferum in Southern Ukraine. The species is characterized by sessile black setose pseudothecia, short 0–2-celled paraphysoids, 8-spored fissitunicate asci and hyaline 0–1-septate ascospores. The lichenicolous fungiAdelococcus interlatens, Ascochyta candelariellicola, Clypeococcum psoromatis, Epithamnolia rangiferinae, Lawalreea lecanorae, Llimoniella adnata, Merismatium decolorans, Sphaerellothecium cladoniae, Stigmidium bellemerei, S. ramalinae and Weddellomyces epicallopisma are new to the mycobiota of the Ukraine. Cladonia foliacea is a new host for Epithamnolia rangiferinae, Lecidea fuscoatra for Katherinomyces cetrariae, and Flavoplaca austrocitrina for Weddellomyces epicallopisma. Keywords: Ascochyta, Epibryon, Epithamnolia, Katherinomyces INTRODUCTION The studies on diversity of lichenicolous fungi x+SD(–max), were x is the average and SD is the in the steppe zone of Ukraine started at the end standard deviation. The photographs were taken of the last century (Kondratyuk & Khodosovt- with a Levenhuk C510 NG camera. All examined sev, 1997). Currently, this research is one of specimens are deposited in the lichenological the main projects of the mycological investiga- herbarium of Kherson State University (KHER) tion in Southern Ukraine (e.g. Khodosovtsev and M.G. Kholodny Institute of botany NAS of & Darmostuk, 2016, 2017; Darmostuk & Ukraine (KW). The new species to Ukraine are Khodosovtsev, 2017; Darmostuk et al., 2018). indicate with asterisk (*). Eleven species of lichenicolous fungi new to Ukraine were recently collected and identified. The species The recently described Katherinomyces cetrariae *ADELOCOCCUS INTERLATENS (Arnold) Matzer & (Khodosovtsev et al., 2016) was found on a new Hafellner host. In addition, we found a fungus with small Specimen examined. Ukraine. Kherson re- perithecia growing on algal Coccomyxa-like films gion, Vysokopillya district, near Nataliino village on leaves of Polytrichum piliferum Hedw. that we 47°28’40.9”N 33°20’41.4”E, alt. 25 m, on thallus of describe as new to science in this paper. Sarcogyne regularis Körb. growing on marl limestone, 5 May 2018, A. Khodosovtsev, V. Darmostuk (KHER 12145). MATERIAL AND METHODS Notes. The species has been reported from Eu- The specimens were examined by standard rope on endolithic thalli of calcicolous lichens, microscope techniques using LOMO micro- such as Clauzadea immersa (Hoffm.) Hafellner scopes MBS–1 and MICROMED–2. Microscopi- & Bellem., Hymenelia prevostii (Duby) Kremp. cal examination was done in water, 10% KOH and Sarcogyne regularis (Arnold, 1879, Matzer (K), and Lugol’s iodine solution, directly (I) or & Hafellner, 1990, Navarro-Rosinés, 1992). after pretreatment with KOH (K/I), or Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCr). The measurements were *ASCOCHYTA CANDELARIELLICOLA D. Hawksw. & Kalb made in water with an accuracy of 0.5 µm for Specimens examined. Ukraine. Mykolaiv region, ascospores, asci, conidia, conidiogenous cells, Ochakiv district, Berezan Island, 46°36’04.0”N conidiophores, and ascomatal and pycnidial 31°24’36.1”E, alt. 5 m, 20 July 2018, A. Khodosovt- wall cells, and 5 µm for ascomata and pycnidia. sev, V. Darmostuk (KHER 11663); Kherson region, Kalanchak district, Khorly village, 46°04’52.8”N The measurements are given as (min–)x–SD – 110 Folia Cryptog. Estonica 33°17’57.2”E, alt. 9 m, on Populus, 8 August 2017, V. lular haustoria, c. 2–3(–4) µm thick, light brown- Darmostuk (KHER 11316). Both specimens inhabited ish in gelatinous film and medium brown below the apothecia of Candelariella aurella (Hoffm.) Zahlbr. ascomata; Chlamydospora-like cells medium Notes. Our specimens fit the concept of As- brown, forming short chains, one- or two-celled cochyta candelariellicola (Hawksworth & Kalb, 6–9 × 3–5 µm; pseudothecia sessile or immersed 1992). The species is characterized by globose, in algal film, globose, dark-brown to black, se- immersed, black conidiomata up to 60 µm tose, closed, (20–)35–85(–90) µm (n=25) diam.; in diameter, ampulliform hyaline conidiog- ostiole brown, indistinct; perithecial wall com- enous cells (3.2–)3.6–4.8(–5.4) µm (n=10) and posed of angular pseudoparenchymatous cells hyaline broadly ellipsoid (1–)3-septate conidia (textura angularis) in cross section, c. 7–10 µm (8.4–)10.2–13.0(–15.8) × (2.8–)3.0–3.2(–3.8) µm thick, cells medium brown, angular in squash (n=30). It grows in the hymenium of Candelari- preparation, (3.0–)3.4–3.8(–5.3) µm (n=20) wide ella aurella, infected apothecia of which become with dark brown pigment deposited in the cell decolorized. Ascohyta candelariellicola was walls; setae dark brown, up to 50 µm on upper known only from the type locality in Mexico. It half of ascomata, erect, straight to somewhat is new to the Europe. curved, unbranched, subcylindrical to mostly narrowed from base to top, (11–)18–32(–40) × *CLYPEOCOCCUM PSOROMATIS (A. Massal.) Etayo (2.0–)3.0 ± 4.6(–6.0) µm (n=30) in medium part, Specimens examined. Ukraine. Autonomous Re- c. 4–6 µm wide below and 2–3 µm wide above, public of Crimea, Chornomorsk district, Tarkhankut 0–1-septate, thick-walled, smooth, apex more peninsula, 45°25’33.5”N 32°32’20.6”E, on soil, 12 less acute; hamathecium usually invisible, September 1994, A. Khodosovtsev (KHER 4952 sub formed of short 0–2-celled paraphysoids at the Squamarina cartilaginea); Edukuyskii (Leninskii) district, cape Opuk, 45°02’30.4”N 36°13’27.6”E, on base of asci, 1.0–2.0 µm wide; asci 8-spored, limestone, 11 September 1994, A. Khodosovtsev fissitunicate, clavate, (21–)24–28(–31) × (7.0– (KHER 12147). Both specimens inhabited the thalli )7.4–8.6(–10) µm (n=15), apex wall 2–6 µm thick, of Squamarina cartilaginea (With.) P. James. K/I–; ascoplasma I+ orange; ascospores hyaline, Notes. Clypeococcum psoromatis is abundant in Mediterranean countries (France, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain) (Navarro-Rosinés et al., 1994; Etayo, 2010) but is reported for the first time from Ukraine. EPIBRYON KONDRATYUKII Khodos. & Darmostuk sp. nov. (Fig. 1) MycoBank No.: MB 831470 Diagnosis. Morphologically similar to Epi- bryon casaresii (Bubák & Gonz. Frag.) Döb- beler but differs by the presence of 0–2-celled paraphysoids 1.0–2.0 µm wide, ascospores (7.0–)8.3–10.2(–13.0) × (2.0–)2.4–3.2(–3.8) µm and by being associated with Coccomyxa-like algae on Polytrichum. Type. Ukraine. Mykolayiv region, Voznesensk district, Aktove village, right bank of the river Mertvovod, Aktovsky valley, 47°41’41.7’’N 31°26’21.8’’E, alt. 45 m, on algal film over Polytrichum piliferum, on sun-exposed granite Fig. 1. Epibryon kondratyukii (all from holotype): outcrops, 1 May 2016, A. Khodosovtsev & V. A, B, C – pseudothecia on the host; D – cross- Darmostuk (KHER 10017 – holotype, KHER section of pseudothecium; E, F – setae; G – asci 10007–10016 – isotypes). with paraphysoids; H, I – ascospore. Scale bars: Description. Vegetative hyphae loosely inter- A – 1 mm, B – 100 µm, C – 50 µm, D, E, F, G, mixed with algal cells, without visible intracel- H – 25 µm, I – 10 µm. 111 0–1-septate, subclavate, without appendages, 1915). Unfortunately, molecular data for An- not ornamented, upper cell shorter and broader tennulariella species are missing (Hyde et al., then lower cell, (7.0–)8.3–10.2(–13.0) × (2.0–)2.4– 2013; Chomnunti et al., 2014) and the genus 3.2(–3.8) µm, length/width (2.5–)2.8– 3.6(–4.8) is formally included in Dothideomycetes. Short (n=40). Pycnidia not seen. ascomatal setae are also formed in Niesslia (e.g. Ecology and distribution. The species formed Etayo et al., 2013), which includes a few licheni- extensive blackish areas (if dry) on Coccomyxa- colous representatives (Diederich et al., 2018). like algal films on leafs ofPolytrichum piliferum in However, this genus has unitunicate, longer asci exposed places over granite outcrops. Evidently, and larger ascomata. Wentiomyces is similar the biological nature of this fungus (whether to the lichenized species of Antennulariella by mutualistic or commensal) is similar to the having hyaline, 1-septate ascospores produced algicolous Epigloea species (Döbbeler, 1984). in fissitunicate asci, but the ascomatal setae in The vegetative hyphae of Epibryon kondratyukii the type species, Wentiomyces javanicus Koord. envelop the living algal sheaths without visible (Koorders, 1907) are dichotomously branched intracellular haustoria. Likewise, dead algal cells at the apex. were not found in the fresh material. Probably, Epibryon kondratyukii morphologically resem- fungal hyphae adsorb the gelatinous substance bles E. casaresii (Bubák & Gonz. Frag.) Döbbeler, produced by the algal cells. The species is known which grows directly on moss leafs (Barbilopho- only from type location in the steppe zone of zia, Frullania, Mnium, Mylia, Pogonatum, Scapa- Ukraine so far. nia, Sphagnum, Tritomaria) (Döbbeler, 1978), but Etymology. The epithet honours the Ukrainian differs by the presence of paraphysoids and by lichenologist Sergiy Kondratyuk at the occasion being associated with Coccomyxa-like algae on of his 60th birthday. Polytrichum. Epibryon bryophilum (Fuckel) Dö- bbeler has larger ascospores (15–18 × 6.5–7.5 Notes. The morphology of new species is simi- µm vs. 7–13 × 2–3.8 µm in E. kondratyukii). lar to other known Epibryon species. Döbbeler E. polyphagum Döbbeler is another species (1978) proposed this genus for bryosymbiont associated with green algae and mosses (Rac- species, with the type species E. plagiochilae omitrium) (Döbbeler, 1978), but differs from E.
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